#antiarrhythmics | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

tjerra14 · 2 years

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for the fic writing asks: 1, 2, and 19 please (and please talk about your OCs bc I love them and they are ever so precious to me and yes I acknowledge I still owe you at least one Banuk name)

Made it home from work with a little time to spare so an answer it is!! (Please excuse the wonky mobile phone formatting, I'm too tired to boot up the PC now.)

1 Do you daydream a lot before you write, or go for it as soon as ideas strike?

I've got multiple notebooks which are fed with ideas before I put down the first word. Usually the process is this: Spotify recommends some music to me, or I accidentally let an album play that I hadn't heard in its entirety before, and a song jumps out at me and just plants a few vague pictures, sometimes a line or two in my head. I write them down, then expand on them over time, and only write the first word when the notebook (usually) contains a rough structure, the first and last sentences as well as a title. So yeah. In the beginning, there was music, and a bunch of question marks on a piece of paper.

2 Where do you get your fic ideas?

I listen to the wrong song at an unfortunate time and end up being cursed with a picture or feeling that wants to be put into words.

19 Do you enjoy creating OCs or do you prefer to stick solely to canon characters?

Well.... technically I hate creating OCs because NAMES and STORIES but they tend to create themselves. The canon characters move through a populated world, and since I quickly feel overwhelmed (but also restricted) when juggling too many canon characters I end up filling the spaces with OCs. Transposition's Utaru OCs just spawned themselves because I liked the idea of Ikrie having social contacts outside of Aloy and her friends; and I guess the same goes for all the (relatively) newly created Banuk that are still slumbering in the notes for a future project. (The Ikrie-Mailen friendship exploration with which I like to entertain myself has so far yielded the highest number of OCs: we've got Siktuk, the shaman of Ikrie and Mailen's old werak, who kind of took little Ikrie under his wing but never quite managed to put her on the shaman's path; Urmak, who's only designation so far is "bully"; Naunai, a White Teeth aspirant who is there to talk shit about Mailen and fight Ikrie; Yakili, also known as "The Owl", a legendary huntress who is said to have had a deep connection to the Blue Light; and Arkai, a young painter Ikrie has a crush on. I'm probably forgetting someone but they likely won't have a name yet. Lou, I'm already dreading the Suffering™.)

OCs also provide an opportunity to explore new perspectives (Bare His Heart's POV character, Rabbit, merely exists because I wanted to write about my Inquisitor from an outside view, and everything else continued from there), as well as expand on headcanons I have piled up about the world and in Horizon's case, the tribes themselves. Which I enjoy a lot! ....so I guess I do like creating OCs. Just not naming them. (Although Rabbit's proper name, Daron Amiot, is born from an ongoing joke I had with a friend during our studies--"hey, this drug sounds like a fantasy name!"--in this case, Amiodaron.)

#it's an antiarrhythmic if you're wondering #one of my inquisitors is also named anasarka #and another anura #not that those are drugs but pathology and zoology provide as well #thank you SO MUCH for the ask!!!#writing #asks

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rjzimmerman · 2 years

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This story tells us that dry-powder inhalers are better for the environment and for patients. Many of you know that I had open heart surgery earlier this year. I was making great progress in cardiac rehab toward my goals of returning to the hiking trails, but then was stopped cold and sudden, primarily because of the side effects of an antiarrhythmic medication. One of the effects of the drug I’m using is increasing shortness of breath because of fluid build-up in the lungs. Made me sounds like Darth Vader. So the docs put me on Breo-ellipta, a dry-power inhaler, to be taken along with my antiarrhythmic medication until about a month after I have a procedure in my heart to (hopefully) permanently impede atrial fibrillation. Then maybe I can restore progress toward some sense of normalcy. The dry-powder inhaler has been working wonders. No more Darth Vader, and reversion back to where I was during rehab.

That’s all beside the main point of this story. I was surprised at the dramatic effect the usual inhalers have on the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. So I feel better that what I’m doing to improve my health isn’t screwing up yours.

Excerpt from this New York Times story:

Drought and extreme heat, both exacerbated by climate change, have paved the way for prime fire conditions across the Western United States. As wildfire season ramps up and smoke re-emerges as a serious health threat, experts are encouraging people to get smoke ready. This includes stocking up on air purifiers and filters and, for those with lung disease at highest risk, refilling medical devices like inhalers.

But what if the very devices used to treat the health effects of climate change are themselves contributing to the crisis?

Such is the case with metered-dose inhalers, which are prescribed to treat two of the most common respiratory diseases in the United States: asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These inhalers use hydrofluorocarbon aerosol propellants to help deliver medication into the lungs. The propellants are greenhouse gases that can trap heat roughly 1,500 to 3,600 times as well as carbon dioxide over 100 years.

The good news is there are other inhalers that are effective, are cost-competitive and can contain the same active ingredients but aren’t nearly as damaging to the climate. One type of these devices, known as dry-powder inhalers, are associated with significantly less emissions compared with traditional propellant-based devices. Replacing high-emission inhalers with these or another type of inhaler called soft-mist inhalers could result in better outcomes for patients and the planet.

The contribution of metered-dose inhalers to health care sector greenhouse gas emissions is substantial. Researchers in Britain estimated that they account for 3 to 4 percent of its national health system’s emissions. And the British-based global pharmaceutical giant GSK said that they are responsible for 45 percent of the company’s carbon footprint. Accordingly, there’s been a growing effort in Britain and other European nations to reduce the environmental impact of asthma and C.O.P.D. care resulting from these inhalers.

#Antiarrhythmic medication #inhalers #asthma inhalers

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chinesegreenteagoldentriangle · 1 year

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Which is healthier, drinking plain water for a long time or drinking tea for a long time?

Which is healthier, drinking plain water for a long time or drinking tea for a long time?

Water is the 'source of life'. Once the human body lacks water, various parts of the body may stop functioning properly. Blood flow decreases, oxygen supply is insufficient, nerve function weakens, skin becomes fragile, metabolism slows down, and the body's operation is hindered, which can lead to abnormal organ function. Therefore, many people pay great attention to hydration, especially middle-aged and elderly people who like to carry water bottles wherever they go.

As many people's favorite drinks, plain water and tea have sparked controversy over "which is healthier?":

◎Some people think that plain water is one of the simplest and healthiest drinking water;

◎Others believe that tea can provide a variety of nutrients and is better for health~

So, who is better in the end? Today, let's explore it together~

Plain Water

"A Water Drink with No Taboos"

Plain water contains no additives such as sugar, caffeine, or colorants. Therefore, there are not many restricted groups of people who cannot drink it. Anyone, regardless of their health status, can drink it in moderation.

And maintaining adequate daily water intake is crucial for the health of the human body's skin, blood vessels, and intestines.

①Maintaining Healthy Skin: Sufficient skin moisture and fast metabolism reduce the appearance of wrinkles, spots, etc., making you look younger.

②Reducing Respiratory Diseases: The respiratory mucosa is relatively moist, and the secretion of mucus helps reduce the invasion of pathogens.

③Improving Blood Flow: Adequate water intake helps blood flow smoothly and reduces the risk of blood clots.

④Preventing Constipation: Adequate water intake prevents dry stool and constipation.

⑤Protecting the Stomach Mucosa: Boiled and cooled plain water, known as "Taihe Soup" in traditional Chinese medicine, is a "stomach tonic" that can help prevent stomach mucosal damage and reduce intestinal fermentation.

Drinking Water in Proper Amounts

For plain water, it is more important to pay attention to the amount you drink.

"The standard of drinking 8 glasses of water a day" is widely circulated, and many people insist on following it. However, this standard is not suitable for everyone.

Standard water intake for the general population

The "Chinese Resident Dietary Guidelines (2022)" states that adult men with low physical activity levels should drink 1700ml of water per day, and adult women should drink 1500ml of water per day.

If the weather is hot, the air is dry, or you sweat a lot, you should increase your water intake accordingly.

You can pay attention to the color, clarity, and quantity of your urine. If it is light yellow, clear, and sufficient, your water intake is adequate. Otherwise, you need to drink more water.

Special populations need to control water intake

①Patients with gastric ulcers undergoing medication: The medication contains substances such as sucralfate and aluminum hydroxide gel that protect the gastric mucosa. If you drink too much water, it may reduce the efficacy of the medication and hinder the recovery of the disease.

②Patients with chronic kidney disease: When kidney function is impaired, the water you drink cannot be excreted normally, so water intake needs to be controlled.

In general, the appropriate daily water intake (including water intake from drinking and food) is 500ml plus the amount of urine from the previous day.

③Patients with uremia: At this time, the amount of water intake needs to be based on changes in body weight.

You can weigh your weight at a fixed time every day (preferably after urination and before breakfast), and the daily weight gain should not exceed 0.5% of your body weight. In addition, the weight gain between two dialysis sessions should be less than 3% to ensure the effectiveness of dialysis.

④Patients with heart failure: Drinking a large amount of water will increase the cardiac output and increase the heart's workload, worsening the condition. For patients with severe heart failure, the water intake may need to be controlled to less than 800ml, based on medical advice.

Tea

"Regulator" of the Body

Tea contains various medicinal ingredients such as tea polyphenols, tea polysaccharides, and alkaloids. Among the 86 essential elements required by the human body, tea contains 28 of them. Therefore, drinking tea frequently can serve as a "regulator" of the body, helping to reduce some disease risks.

①Reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases

A study published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology included 100,902 subjects aged 18 years or older and followed them for 17 years. The study found that people who drank tea at least three times a week had a 20% lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases and a 22% lower mortality rate than those who drank tea less than three times a week. The overall risk of death was reduced by about 15%.

②Assisting in lowering blood pressure

The American College of Cardiology summarized 21 effective studies involving a total of 1,323 subjects. The study found that compared with non-tea drinkers, tea drinkers had an average reduction of 1.8 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 1.4 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure, and the blood pressure-lowering effect was more pronounced for those who drank tea for more than 12 weeks.

③Helping with weight loss and lipid-lowering

The Tea Research Institute of Zhejiang University found that the complex catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), in tea can consume excess energy by increasing the production of brown fat, thereby assisting in weight loss. At the same time, it can also inhibit microglia cells, reduce hypothalamic inflammation, improve body weight, and regulate the normal function of the central nervous system.

Drinking Tea, Paying Attention to the "Four Nos"

Not everyone can drink tea, and not every time is suitable for drinking tea:

People who are not suitable for drinking tea

Patients with neurasthenia, insomnia, hyperthyroidism, tuberculosis, heart disease, gastric disease, and intestinal ulcers are not suitable for drinking tea, especially strong tea. Nursing or pregnant women and infants and young children are also not suitable for drinking tea.

Do not drink tea in the morning or before bed, and do not drink before or after meals

Drinking tea on an empty stomach in the morning will dilute gastric acid and reduce digestive function. Tea has an exciting and diuretic effect, which can affect sleep quality if consumed before bed. It is recommended to drink tea around 10 am.

The caffeine in tea can inhibit gastric acid secretion, and drinking tea before a meal is not conducive to digestion and absorption. Drinking tea immediately after a meal can affect the body's absorption of protein and iron due to the tannic acid in tea. It is therefore recommended to drink tea one hour after a meal.

Do not drink tea while taking certain medications

People who need to take sedatives, sleeping pills, or antiarrhythmic drugs should not drink tea because the caffeine and other components in tea can reduce the medication's effectiveness, which may be disadvantageous for controlling the condition.

Do not drink too strong tea

Strong tea contains high levels of fluoride. Frequent consumption of strong tea can damage the kidneys, increase gastrointestinal burden, and easily cause "tea-fluoride poisoning."

Therefore, a daily intake of about 12 grams of tea for healthy adults, with each serving of 3 grams brewed with 150 ml of water, is appropriate.

In summary, drinking tea and drinking plain water are equally good. The most important thing is to consume an appropriate and moderate amount.

Remember these four points to hydrate correctly and stay healthy

Whether you are drinking tea or plain water, you need to pay attention to these four points:

Drink proactively

Do not wait until you are thirsty to drink water because thirst is a clear sign of dehydration. As the body loses more water, the urine color deepens, the skin becomes dry, the mouth becomes dry and cracked, the voice becomes hoarse, and the body becomes weak.

It is best to replenish water every half an hour.

Sip slowly

Even if you are thirsty, do not drink water in large gulps. Drinking too much water in one go can cause the water to enter the bloodstream quickly. After absorption in the gut, the blood will become diluted, increasing the circulation volume suddenly, which can easily increase myocardial oxygen consumption and aggravate the heart's workload.

The correct method is to sip slowly, especially for people with cardiovascular problems, who should drink in small amounts and frequently.

Avoid water that is too hot

Water that is too hot (above 65℃) can scald the esophageal mucosa. If this happens repeatedly, it can cause inflammation or even cancer.

Choose the right variety

There are many types of tea, and you need to learn to choose the right one according to the season:

①In spring, when the yang energy is vigorous and can lead to liver yang hyperactivity, it is suitable to drink green tea to regulate the liver and relieve depression.

②In summer, when the weather is hot and the incidence of cardiovascular events is high, it is suitable to drink fully fermented black tea.

③In autumn, when the weather is dry and fluid consumption is high, it is suitable to drink white tea to clear heat and moisten the lungs.

④In winter, when the weather is cold and the kidneys need to store essence for winter, black tea is suitable because it enters the kidneys.

#tea #green tea #chinese tea #Morning #Bedtime #Meals #Sedatives #Antiarrhythmic drugs #Caffeine #Fluoride #Kidneys #Hydration #Thirst #Dehydration #Water temperature #Choosing tea #White tea

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marketresearchanalysisblog · 2 years

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#Critical Care Antiarrhythmic Drugs Market #Critical Care Antiarrhythmic Drugs Market share #Critical Care Antiarrhythmic Drugs Market size

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kk095 · 3 months

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Kiana’s Cardioversion

Kiana was a 25 year old black girl who worked as a personal trainer. She stood at 5’3 with a slim, but fit and toned build. Kiana had dark, medium length, curly, natural hair with a side part. Her eyes were a darker shade of brown, and she had a nose ring and bellybutton ring.

Earlier today, Kiana found herself in our emergency department after developing an array of worrisome symptoms completely out of the blue. She experienced a severe tearing pain in her chest, heart palpitations, and shortness of breath. As a result, she was sitting in the upright position on one of our trauma room tables. She was barefoot, and stripped down to only her sports bra and matching underwear. There were EKG electrodes stuck onto Kiana’s chest, and there were IVs set up in both arms. She was visibly uncomfortable, writhing in pain, squirming around a bit.

The heart monitors were beeping, chirping, and alarming rather loudly, creating a bit of tension and sensory overload in the exam room. The readings on the monitors were a bit concerning as well. Kiana’s heart was racing at 170 beats per minute, and her blood pressure was low at 75/40. The rhythm itself was a tachyarrhythmia of some sort. The EKG showed a narrow QRS complex and possible atrioventricular block. The symptoms and EKG readings pointed Dr Lindsay and in a few very different directions. One possibility was an NSTEMI heart attack, but how likely is that in a 25 year old personal trainer? Next was junctional ectopic tachycardia, which is an uncommon, but potentially deadly arrhythmia that tends to occur in infants or people who recently had open heart surgery. The other possibilities were an electrolyte imbalance, particularly potassium, or her symptoms could be attributed to stimulant use from substances such as cocaine, meth, or molly.

Since the possibilities were all very different, Dr Lindsay had to be thorough and order a whole bunch of tests. First off were blood samples. A CBC, a BMP, a toxicology screening, a cardiac enzyme test, an HCG, and a d-dimer were all drawn and sent off to the lab for stat analysis. Because Kiana was experiencing chest pain, Dr Lindsay decided to order a chest x-ray and an echocardiogram. Unfortunately, both tests didn’t help Lindsay narrow anything down. The chest x-ray came back completely normal, and the echocardiogram showed slight thickening of the ventricular septum, which is a sign of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. But some of the other symptoms didn’t point in that direction. So what exactly was going on with Kiana? Dr Lindsay was certainly stumped. All she could do was treat Kiana’s symptoms, and hope the lab tests would come back soon and show something noteworthy.

Of course the lab was taking their sweet ass time with Kiana’s stat labs. And of course Kiana started to get worse. Her heart raced faster and faster, and the arrhythmia became more troublesome. Dr Lindsay wasted no time and started chemical cardioversion, urgently trying to calm Kiana’s heart and relieve her symptoms a bit. But as the next little while unfolded, Kiana’s condition didn’t improve, almost as if the antiarrhythmic medications did absolutely nothing. When chemical cardioversion doesn’t work, the next step is electrical cardioversion.

Dr Lindsay explained to Kiana that her heart was in a dangerous rhythm, and they had to give it a quick shock to make it beat normally again. Kiana was a bit nervous and hesitant, but nodded in response to Dr Lindsay, reluctantly agreeing. The defib pads were then stuck onto Kiana’s chest and charged to a lower setting of 125 joules. Lindsay told Kiana the defibs were ready, then pushed the shock button a few seconds later. “MMMM!” Kiana moaned loudly, squeezing her eyes shut, wincing in pain from the quick jolt of electricity. After the shock, Dr Lindsay studied the monitors for a few moments and listened to Kiana’s heart and lungs with a stethoscope. Lindsay discovered there was no change in the rhythm and informed Kiana she had to be shocked again. The defib pads were recharged to 150 joules, and the next shock was sent into Kiana’s racing heart. Her torso shivered, and she clenched her chest with one hand while her face had a distressed look.

Dr Lindsay repeated the same process as before, studying the heart monitors and listening to Kiana’s heart and lungs. Just like before, Dr Lindsay didn’t see any change whatsoever and needed to shock Kiana again at 175 joules. The pads were charged and readied, and Kiana received the next shock. Her chest propelled forwards, and she let out a grunt, reacting to the electricity racing through her while wide awake. This shock failed to correct the arrhythmia, and Lindsay informed Kiana she had to be shocked again. “NO MORE! NO MORE!” She protested, writhing around on the table, on the verge of tears. Despite Kiana’s protests, Lindsay shocked her again at 200 joules. “AHH!” Kiana yelped. After that shock, she started to breathe heavily and tears started to roll down her face. “PLEASE! NO MORE, NO MORE!” she cried, begging Dr Lindsay to stop. But the arrhythmia was still there, so unfortunately Lindsay was unable to stop the cardioversion. The defibs were recharged to 225, and the next shock was delivered. Kiana gasped and cried out reacting to the shock, but just like all the others, the arrhythmia was still there. “PLEASE… JUST STOP! NO MORE! I DON’T WANNA DIE!” Kiana cried out hysterically, squirming and writhing around on the table wanting the nightmare to end.

The defib pads were recharged to 250 joules- twice the strength of the very first shock, and the next shock was administered. Kiana’s body trembled, and she scrunched her toes at the far end of the table trying to fight the pain, showing off the white nail polish on her toes and the thick, soft, wide wrinkles throughout the soles of her size 6 feet. Immediately after that particular shock, Kiana’s breathing slowed a bit. Her head lolled to the side and her eyes rolled back. Kiana’s body went completely limp, and the heart monitors were practically shouting at Dr Lindsay and the rest of our team.

It didn’t take long to realize that Kiana had gone into v-fib, so the team had to change gears and start running a normal code. The bed was lowered, and Kiana’s sports bra was snipped off, allowing her perky, deceptively large breasts to spill out. CPR was immediately started, causing Kiana’s chest to cave in, and her belly to ripple out. At the head of the bed, her airway was the priority. A 7.0 ET tube was carefully but quickly navigated into her airway, being held in place by a blue tube holder once proper placement was confirmed. Post intubation, CPR was halted, and the team decided to try their luck with the defib paddles, rather than the pads. The paddles were gelled, charged to 250 joules, and pressed up against Kiana’s bare chest. KA-THUNK! Her small body was thrown around effortlessly on the table while her eyes remained half open, almost as if she was still watching the events unfold around her. V-fib was still on the monitors, so the paddles were readied once again, and Kiana received a 300 joule shock. Her chest shot up and her back arched. Her big, perky tits jiggled around while she crashed back down onto the table. Kiana remained in v-fib even after this shock, so she was defibbed again after a cycle of CPR and ambu bagging. Her shoulders shrugged forwards. Kiana’s hands made loose fists from the electric current that ran through her body. Unfortunately, the shock didn’t bring her back.

With a few unsuccessful shocks out of the way, the team decided to resume chest compressions and push meds into Kiana’s IV line. Kiana’s chest was pumped violently but rhythmically for several minutes, but the compressions and 2 doses of meds failed to restart her heart. The team decided to defib Kiana again. The paddles were gelled, charged to 360, and she was shocked again. Kiana’s body twitched sharply in response to the shock, but her heart didn’t start back up. “again! Everyone…CLEAR!” Lindsay shouted, immediately shocking Kiana again. KA-THUMP! Kiana jolted violently on the table while her eyes remained open, staring up above with an expressionless gaze. Kiana was shocked unsuccessfully another 3 times after that and given another dose of meds, but v-fib was the clear winner of the battle up to that point.

Dr Lindsay was reluctant to give up on the beautiful young lady. However, the code became redundant the longer it went on. Kiana would receive a few shocks, then it was back to a few minutes of CPR and meds, rinse and repeat. At the 30 minute mark of the code, it was noted that Kiana’s pupils were fixed and dilated. Dr Lindsay knew she exhausted all possible options in this particular case. At that point, resuscitation efforts were ceased, and Kiana’s time of death was called at 4:48pm. The ambu bag was detached and the chirping, flashing v-fib monitors were turned off. The EKG electrodes were disconnected, and the defib pads were peeled off. The defb gel was wiped off of Kiana’s bruised, battered chest. Her eyes were gently shut for the final time, and her body was covered up. Lastly, a toe tag was filled out and placed on the big toe of her left foot. The tag dangled against the wrinkled soles of Kiana’s feet, signifying a sudden and tragic end for the beautiful young lady.

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larstudy · 2 months

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☀️ 19.03.2024 // I was soooo tired today. I have trouble getting back into the uni pace (it's been only two days since the end of my break but hey) so I'm really tired (even tho I slept a lot) and have a headache :((

I went to a class-led instruction then studied my course on the antiarrhythmics for an hour, writing down my notes. I also took a videogame break as I really needed it :)

I'm happy that I was able to study a bit while not being overwhelmed by it and that I drank my daily 2L of water!

🧾 logs

water: 💧💧💧💧💧💧💧💧

hours of study: 1h (+ 3h30 of lectures)

hours of sleep: 9h45

PS: thanks so much for the check in @ moots, I'm too tired to answer it now (I'll do it I swear) but thanksss sm 🩷🩷🩷

#dailylar #studyblr #french student #french studyblr #study #studyblr community #pharmacyblr #pharmacy student #pharma student

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proceduralpassion · 6 months

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nine people i'd like to get to know better

tagged by @ravensfreckles thanks love 🥰

last song: all for you by janet jackson

favorite color: green

currently watching: #blackaf lol this show came out in the pandemic and i just never watched it but i wanted to watch something with rashida jones in it after binging parks and rec clips on youtube

last movie/show: a cowgirl's song. idk i was looking for something hallmarkesque and it fit the bill for the moment

spicy/savory/sweet: SPICE me up Scotty 🌶️

current obsession: i binged the chestnut springs series this weekend and YEEFUCKINGHAW 🤠

last thing you googled: "antiarrhythmic drugs mnemonic" baby girl's in med school and needs to know her cardio drugs

tagging: @hausofmamadas @darqchilddaydreamz @withmyteeth @etherealnoir @sharpayandryan @bradshawsbaby @when-did-this-become-difficult @drabbles-mc @dahnrana

#tag games

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heardatmedschool · 1 year

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Doctor 1: What’s the best antiarrhythmic for venticular tachycardia?

Doctor 2: Propofol, fentanyl and 200 Joules.

#medicine #med school #medblr #emergency medicine #cardiology #cardiac arrhythmia

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irhabiya · 3 months

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like why are they even called antiarrhythmic drugs if almost all of them cause proarrhythmic side effects😭

#i have a quiz tmrw sorry for the medpostibg #<- help i didn't realize it's 6am i have a quiz TODAY😭

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prettyboyprettywords · 4 months

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look at me look at me can you hear me? i’m beating on my chest i think i might be screaming minds a mess but that doesn’t stop me i’ll sit here and battle for your affections the same way i fight a war inside of me incessantly tongue running a mile a minute running as fast as i wish i could be running from everything that isn’t you or me words are wishes and my rhyme schemes s thinly veiled manifestation of everything i wish you’d do for me i never miss a beat tongue twisters in the the olympics and im winning gold medals dry swallowing antiarrhythmics wash it down with a glass of sour dreams and keep on sprinting

#poetry #short poem #soliloquies #spilled ink poetry #original poem #original poetry #poem #spilled poetry #spilled words #spilled ink #spilled thoughts #spilled writing #my poem #my poetry #my writing #poet #poems and poetry

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cardiacelectrophysiologist · 11 months

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Understanding Heart Rhythm Disorders and Their Impact on Cardiovascular Health

Introduction:

Heart rhythm disorders, or arrhythmias, can significantly impact cardiovascular health. These disorders disrupt the heart's normal electrical activity, causing irregular heart rhythms that can affect its ability to pump blood effectively. Understanding the different types of arrhythmias and their implications is crucial for recognizing symptoms, identifying risk factors, and exploring appropriate treatment options.

Common Types of Arrhythmias

Atrial Fibrillation (AF):

Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia characterized by irregular and rapid electrical signals in the heart's upper chambers (atria). This leads to an irregular heart rate. AF increases the risk of blood clots, which can travel to other body parts, causing stroke or other complications.

Bradycardia:

Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, typically below 60 beats per minute. It occurs when the heart's electrical signals are delayed or blocked, decreasing heart rate. Bradycardia can be caused by medications, underlying heart conditions, or heart electrical system issues. Symptoms may include fatigue, Dizziness, fainting, or Shortness of breath.

Tachycardia:

Tachycardia is characterized by a fast heart rate, usually above 100 beats per minute. It occurs when the heart's electrical signals fire abnormally or accelerated. Stress, anxiety, certain medications, or structural abnormalities in the heart can trigger tachycardia. Symptoms may include palpitations, Dizziness, chest pain, or loss of consciousness.

Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Potential Complications

Symptoms of Heart Rhythm Disorders:

Palpitations: Sensation of rapid, fluttering, or irregular heartbeats.

Fatigue: Persistent tiredness or exhaustion, even with minimal physical activity.

Dizziness or lightheadedness: Feeling faint or unsteady.

Shortness of breath: Breathlessness or difficulty breathing, particularly during exertion.

Chest discomfort: Discomfort, pressure, or pain in the chest.

Fainting or near-fainting episodes: Temporary loss of consciousness due to inadequate blood flow to the brain.

Risk Factors:

Age: The risk of arrhythmias generally increases with age.

Family history: Having a close relative with a history of arrhythmias may raise the risk.

High blood pressure: Uncontrolled hypertension can strain the heart and disrupt electrical signals.

Existing heart conditions: Conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, or structural abnormalities can contribute to arrhythmias.

Thyroid disorders: An overactive or underactive thyroid can disrupt the heart's electrical system.

Lifestyle factors: Excessive alcohol or caffeine intake, smoking, drug abuse, and obesity can all play a role in developing arrhythmias.

Potential Complications:

Stroke: Certain arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, can increase the risk of blood clots forming in the heart, which can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.

Heart failure: Chronic arrhythmias can weaken the heart muscle over time, leading to heart failure, where the heart cannot pump blood effectively.

Sudden cardiac arrest: In some cases, arrhythmias can trigger a sudden loss of heart function, leading to cardiac arrest, a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate medical intervention.

Treatment Options

Treatment for heart rhythm disorders aims to restore or maintain a normal heart rhythm, alleviate symptoms, and reduce the risk of complications. The following treatment options are commonly used:

Medications: Antiarrhythmic drugs may be prescribed to regulate heart rhythm and reduce the frequency or severity of arrhythmias.

Lifestyle modifications: Making lifestyle changes, such as managing stress, maintaining a healthy weight, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol and caffeine consumption, and engaging in regular physical activity, can help manage certain arrhythmias.

Ablation: Catheter ablation is a procedure that involves selectively destroying or isolating abnormal heart tissue responsible for generating arrhythmias. It aims to restore a normal heart rhythm.

Implantable devices: In some cases, implantable devices like pacemakers or cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) may be recommended to regulate the heart's electrical signals and deliver appropriate therapy when needed.

Conclusion

Heart rhythm disorders can significantly impact cardiovascular health, affecting the heart's ability to function properly. Recognizing the symptoms, understanding the risk factors, and seeking appropriate treatment is vital for managing arrhythmias and reducing the risk of complications. By working closely with healthcare professionals, individuals with heart rhythm disorders can develop a tailored treatment plan that addresses their specific needs, improves their quality of life, and promotes overall cardiovascular health.

#Cardiac arrhythmia #heart rhythm disorder #cardiac rhythm disturbance #irregular heartbeat #atrial fibrillation

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mcatmemoranda · 1 year

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This is for sustained VTach:

Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) is defined as a regular, wide (≥120 milliseconds) QRS complex tachycardia with uniform and stable QRS morphology at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute that lasts for 30 seconds or longer or causes hemodynamic collapse within 30 seconds.

●All patients with SMVT should have a brief immediate assessment of the symptoms, vital signs, and level of consciousness to determine if they are hemodynamically stable or unstable. Differentiation between a hemodynamically unstable versus stable patient depends upon hemodynamic compromise, such as hypotension, altered mental status, chest pain, or heart failure (HF).

●Patients with SMVT who are hemodynamically unstable and pulseless, or who become pulseless during the course of evaluation and treatment, should be managed according to standard advance cardiac life support (ACLS) resuscitation algorithms, with immediate high-energy countershock and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Patients should initially be treated with a synchronized 120 to 200 joule shock from a biphasic defibrillator or a 360 joule shock from a monophasic defibrillator.

●For patients with wide complex tachycardia (WCT) who are hemodynamically unstable, but still responsive with a discernible blood pressure and pulse, we recommend urgent cardioversion (following administration of sedation) (Grade 1B).

●For patients with SMVT who are hemodynamically stable on presentation, after recording a 12-lead ECG we generally prefer to begin with an intravenous antiarrhythmic agent and reserve electrical cardioversion for refractory patients or for those who become unstable.

•If pharmacologic cardioversion is the chosen approach, we administer intravenous amiodarone, procainamide, or lidocaine.

•If electrical cardioversion with appropriate procedural sedation is the chosen approach, intravenous analgesics or sedatives should be cautiously administered if the blood pressure will tolerate their use. If the QRS complex and T wave can be distinguished, an attempt at synchronized cardioversion can be performed with a synchronized shock of 100 joules using either a biphasic or monophasic defibrillator.

●Treatment of underlying conditions associated with VT, such as myocardial ischemia, electrolyte disturbances, drug proarrhythmia, and HF, as well as decreasing the sympathetic facilitation of SMVT, are important components of the acute management of VT.

●Chronic therapy of patients with SMVT usually requires utilization of multiple therapeutic modalities, including the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), antiarrhythmic drugs, radiofrequency catheter ablation, and/or arrhythmia surgery.

•In the absence of a clearly identifiable and reversible cause for SMVT, nearly all patients with a history of SMVT will be candidates for ICD insertion for secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death, unless the patient refuses or the risks of ICD insertion are felt to outweigh the potential benefits. (See 'ICD therapy' above.) •Nearly all patients who experience SMVT have an indication for therapy with a beta blocker, including patients with a prior myocardial infarction, patients with HF and reduced LV systolic function, etc. Beta blockers provide some level of protection against recurrent SMVT, primarily by reducing myocardial oxygen demand and blocking sympathetic input to the heart. (See 'Beta blockers' above.) •Antiarrhythmic drugs may also be used to improve quality of life in patients with frequent SMVT leading to ICD shocks, or in those patients who are not candidates for, or who decline, ICD implantation. Amiodarone has generally been the most effective antiarrhythmic drug for preventing ventricular arrhythmias (and associated ICD shocks). (See 'Antiarrhythmic drugs' above.) •For patients with recurrent SMVT resulting in ICD shocks despite treatment with an antiarrhythmic drug, we suggest radiofrequency ablation (RFA) rather than the addition of a second antiarrhythmic agent (Grade 2C). RFA is also an alternative to antiarrhythmic drugs as the initial therapy for SMVT. In addition, RFA, with or without antiarrhythmic drug therapy, is an option for patients with SMVT who are not candidates for or who refuse ICD implantation. (See 'Radiofrequency catheter ablation' above.)

#sustained VTach #VTach

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nursingscience · 1 year

Text

List of Common Drug Side Effects

1. Allergic Reactions

• Potentially could occur with any medication.

• Symptoms range from a mild rash to a severe anaphylactic reaction (including facial and throat swelling, difficulty breathing and a widespread rash).

2. Prevention and management strategies:

• Take an antihistamine and see a doctor straight away if you think you are having an allergic reaction to a medicine. Seek emergency help if the reaction is severe

• If the allergic reaction is confirmed as occurring due to that drug, avoid it and other related drugs in the future

• Wear a medical alert tag to alert others to the medicine you are allergic too.

2. Blurred Vision

• May occur with antihistamines, antipsychotics, bupivacaine, bupropion, duloxetine, esomeprazole, etodolac, gabapentin, opioids, and several other drugs.

Prevention and management strategies:

• Talk to your doctor about switching medications

• Lubricant eye drops may help

• Avoid driving with impaired vision.

3. Bruising and Bleeding

Common with medicines that “thin the blood” such as aspirin, clopidogrel, enoxaparin, and warfarin. Also, common with NSAIDs, steroids (such as prednisone) and medicines to treat cancer.

Prevention and management strategies:

• Try to avoid bumping yourself into furniture.

Remove any trip hazards, such as loose rugs

• Cuts may take longer to stop bleeding. Hold a gauze over the affected area and apply pressure

• Seek emergency help if you have a wound that bleeds profusely or doesn’t stop bleeding within 15 minutes.

4. Constipation

Common with opioids, diuretics, calcium antagonists, antidepressants, aluminum-containing antacids, ondansetron, and iron supplements.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Increase water intake and fiber content of your diet (if appropriate)

2. Exercise, if possible

3. If mild, talk to your doctor about taking laxatives such as docusate, sennosides, or psyllium

4. If severe and caused by opioids, talk to your doctor about methylnaltrexone or naloxegol.

5. Cough

Common with ACE inhibitors (these can cause a dry, hacking, chronic cough in up to 20 percent of patients)

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about switching medications

2. Usually resolves one-to-two weeks after discontinuation.

6. Dehydration

Common with antihistamines, blood pressure medications, chemotherapy, and laxatives.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Drink fluids. Cooled or iced fluids may go down easier

2. Eat moist foods such as fruits, vegetables, and soups

3. Regularly moisturize skin and apply lip balm

4. Apply balm to the lips to avoid painful cracking.

7.Diarrhea

May occur with some antibiotics, antidepressants, magnesium-containing antacids, proton pump inhibitors (eg, lansoprazole, omeprazole) and chemotherapy agents.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. If due to antibiotic use, talk to your doctor about taking probiotics

2. Talk to your doctor about antidiarrheal medication

3. Ask doctor about reducing the dosage of your drug or other suitable treatments

4. Keep up your fluid and electrolyte intake to avoid dehydration

5. If extremely persistent or severe, always tell your doctor.

8. Drowsiness or Sedation

Medications that cause drowsiness include benzodiazepines (such as lorazepam, diazepam), some antidepressants, antiemetics, older antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine), some heart medications, muscle relaxants and narcotics.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. If your medication is making you drowsy during the day, talk to your doctor about reducing the dosage of your drug or other suitable treatments

2. Do not drive, operate machinery, or perform other hazardous tasks if affected

3. Avoid alcohol.

9. Dry mouth (Xerostomia)

May occur with antiarrhythmics, anticholinergics, antihistamines, drugs for high cholesterol, anti-inflammatory agents, diuretics, vasodilators, drugs for Parkinson’s Disease, and antipsychotics.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Ask doctor about reducing drug dosage or other suitable treatments

2. Go for regular dental check-ups and ask dentist about application of sealants to teeth fissures

3. Eat low-sugar, low-acid foods

4. Avoid alcohol-containing mouthwashes

5. Chew xylitol chewing gum

6. Drug-treatments are available for people with Sjogren’s syndrome or a history of radiation therapy.

10. Erectile Dysfunction or Decreased Sexual Desire

More common with antidepressants, antihistamines, benzodiazepines, beta blockers, diuretics, and H2 blockers.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about the possibility of switching to a different medication

2. Limit use of alcohol, smoking or recreational drugs such as marijuana which can also affect sexual function

3. Talk to your doctor about medications and other treatments for sexual dysfunction, such as prescription medications (for example PDE5 inhibitors), vacuum pumps, implants, surgery, and natural options.

11. Esophageal Damage

May occur with a wide-range of drugs including aspirin, bisphosphonates (such as alendronate), doxycycline, potassium chloride, quinidine, and vitamin C.

▪️Prevention and management strategies:

1. Take all medicines while upright and swallow with a glass of water

2. Avoid lying down soon after taking a medicine

3. For some medicines, recommended advice includes remaining upright for 30 minutes after taking

4. Avoid irritating foods such as citrus and alcohol

5. Talk to your doctor about the possibility of switching to a different medication.

12. Indigestion or Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

May occur with drugs that irritate the stomach lining (such as aspirin, iron, NSAIDs, steroids), those that relax the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) (such as anticholinergics, calcium channel blockers, and nitrates) or reduce LES pressure (such as progesterone, theophylline, and tricyclic antidepressants).

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about reducing the dosage of, or switching to another drug

2. Elevate the head of the bed

3. Avoid foods that also irritate the stomach or affect the LES such as alcohol, carbonated beverages, citrus, coffee, fatty foods, or tomatoes

4. Quit smoking if you smoke, lose weight if you are overweight, avoid tight waistbands

5. Talk to your doctor about GERD medications such as antacids, H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors.

13. Falling or Unsteadiness on Feet

Medicines that cause confusion, fatigue or sedation such as antipsychotics, some antidepressants, benzodiazepines, sedating antihistamines, antiepileptics, narcotics, and some heart medications.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. If sedation is the problem, talk with your doctor about changing the dose or trying an alternative medication

2. Remove rugs from the floor and throw rugs from furniture

3. Ask for help when getting up or walking

4. If you fall, tell your doctor and get checked for injuries

5. A home health nurse may be able to suggest ways to make your home safer

6. If you have a walker or wheelchair, use it every time you get up.

14. Gingival Enlargement (Growth of the gums around the teeth)

May occur with cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers (eg, nifedipine), and phenytoin.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Requires dosage reduction or drug discontinuation

2. Surgical removal of gingival tissue is only temporarily effective if the drug can’t be discontinued.

15. Gout

May occur with aspirin (low dose), chemotherapy agents, cyclosporine, frusemide, and thiazide diuretics.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about reducing the dosage of, or switching to another drug

2. Your doctor may prescribe NSAIDs or other drugs to relieve the pain from gout

3. Avoid alcohol and purine-rich foods (cheeses, red meats) during the gout flare-up.

16. Headache

1. Common with asthma medications, angina and blood pressure medications, oral contraceptives, erectile dysfunction treatments, and stimulants

2. Rebound headaches can be caused by overuse of acetaminophen, aspirin, NSAIDs, and opioids.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about alternative medications or a dosage reduction if the headaches are very debilitating

2. Some may respond to acetaminophen – but check with your doctor first

3. Rest in a quiet, dimly lit room

4. Heat, massage therapy, acupressure, or reflexology may help if the headaches recur

5. Keep well hydrated (drink plenty of water).

17. Infection

Corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, chemotherapy and several other medicines suppress your immune system and increase your risk of developing an infection.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Wash your hands before eating, after contact with other people or animals, and after toileting

2. Stay away from people who are sick if your infection risk is increased (either by the medicines you are taking or the condition you have)

3. Keep up to date with your vaccinations (includes a yearly flu shot)

4. See your doctor as soon as you can if you develop symptoms of an illness and your immune system is compromised.

18. Hair Loss

1. May affect all body hair or just scalp hair

2. Common with chemotherapy or radiation therapy

3. May also occur with certain acne treatments, antibiotics, antidepressants, oral contraceptives, and cholesterol-lowering medicines.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Be gentle when brushing or combing your hair.

2. Avoid over-styling your hair. Wear a hair net to bed

3. Consider purchasing a wig while you still have hair to allow better matching with your original hair color. Wigs may be partly covered by insurance when called a “cranial prosthesis”

4. If due to chemotherapy or radiation therapy, ask your doctor about cooling caps.

19. Muscle Pain or Muscle Weakness

Common with statins (used to reduce cholesterol levels). May be due to an effect on muscle proteins or a decrease in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10).

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Tell your doctor straight away because sometimes the muscle pain may indicate more severe damage. A lower dosage or a different medication may be needed

2. Avoid exercising too much

3. Do not take over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or NSAIDs

4. Consider CoQ10 supplements; however, study results have been conflicting.

20. Nausea and Vomiting

1. Common with chemotherapy or radiation therapy

2. May also occur with drugs that tend to slow or block the bowel, when electrolytes are imbalanced or with infections.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Antinausea medications (also called antiemetics) such as ondansetron, aprepitant, dexamethasone, and dronabinol can prevent vomiting and help control nausea. You may have to try several before finding one that works for you

2. Self-hypnosis, muscle relaxation, biofeedback, guided imagery and other “mindfulness” techniques may help

3. Acupuncture may help with anticipatory nausea

4. Eat small, frequent meals rather than large meals three times a day

5. Drink clear liquids cold and sip slowly. Try Popsicles or gelatine

6. Eat bland foods, such as dry toast and crackers and avoid fatty, fried, spicy, strong-smelling or very sweet foods

7. Try chewing ginger.

21. Taste Disturbances

Common with many drugs including antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin, metronidazole), anticonvulsants, antidepressants, aspirin, blood pressure medications, lithium, metformin, and muscle relaxants.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Usually reversible with drug discontinuation (although may take several months)

2. Prepare foods with a variety of colors and textures

3. Use herbs and spices (but avoid adding extra sugar or salt).

22. Tendonitis (tendinitis) or Tendon Rupture

1. Most commonly reported with fluoroquinolone antibiotics (eg, ciprofloxacin norfloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin)

2. More common in people over the age of 60, taking corticosteroids, or with a history of organ transplant.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Tell your doctor BEFORE you start taking the fluoroquinolone if you have had a tendon problem in the past

2. Avoid strenuous activity while taking the fluoroquinolone

3. Discontinue the antibiotic immediately if you experience pain or swelling in a tendon and seek medical advice

4. Avoid all fluoroquinolones in the future if you develop a tendon problem while taking a fluoroquinolone.

23. Weight Gain

Common with antipsychotics, most antidiabetic drugs (except for metformin), antidepressants and antiepileptics.

Prevention and management strategies:

1. Talk to your doctor about the possibility of switching to a different medication

2. Eat a healthy diet and limit your portion sizes

3. Eat more slowly at meals

4. Drink water throughout the day

5. Exercise regularly.

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