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#Classic Days Berlin
sigalrm · 1 year
Video
Messerschmitt Kabinenroller by Pascal Volk
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Founder of the German school of sculpture and creator of the famous "Princess Group": Johann Gottfried Schadow. The sculptor, born in 1764, has become the epitome of German classicism with his sculptures. One of his most famous works is the Quadriga on the Brandenburg Gate. 🐴🐴🐴🐴 The marble version of the Princess Group awaits you at the #AlteNationalgalerie and the plaster version is now back at the #FriedrichswerderscheKirche. Make sure to check them out!
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love-belle · 10 months
Text
always, evermore, even after and still !!!
*ੈ✩‧₊˚ in which they get married and it's the happiest day for everyone.
or
for when you finally find your happily ever after. ˚ ༘♡ ⋆。˚
social media au // charles leclerc x fem!reader
warnings - language
author's note - hope u like this!!! i love you so much, thank you for reading <3
≡;- ꒰ °instagram ꒱
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liked by yourusername, charles_leclerc, lewishamilton and 2,826,998 others
vogue charles leclerc and y/n y/l/n tie the knot in a grand yet intimate ceremony held at their villa in monte carlo.
the bride wore a valentino couture gown complete with a sprawling train and platform heels while the groom sported a classic black tuxedo. y/n’s childhood best friend, lily muni he, served as the maid of honour, whereas her close friends, carmen mundt, kika gomes and heidi berger were bridesmaids. on the groom's side, lorenzo leclerc, his brother was the best man along while his younger brother, arthur and his friend circle, which included lando norris, pierre gasly, carlos sainz and alex albon were the groomsmen. the guest list included many notable presences such as sebastian vettel, toto wolff, taylor swift, zendaya, timothée chalamet, harry styles and many more.
the couple’s first dance was to the song "love letter from the sea to the shore" performed by delaney bailey followed by "it's nice to have a friend" by taylor swift and "sweet creature" by harry styles.
tap the link in our bio to get a look inside their wedding held at their stunning villa in monaco.
tagged yourusername charles_leclerc
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≡;- ꒰ °instagram stories ꒱
yourusername added to their instagram stories
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liked by yourusername, carlossainz55, charles_leclerc and 796,528 others
landonorris my two best friends got married and i'm about to make it everybody's problem. congratulations, you horny motherfuckers. don't remember much of last night but as i'm sitting in a cafe in berlin, i know it ruled. here's to a lifetime of happiness, love and blessings and may this marriage not end in a divorce (y/n, lily still has that taxi driver on speed dial, say the word and we'll help you run away)
tagged yourusername charles_leclerc
8,638 comments
username stfu im gonna cry
username i feel like a proud parent omg
username we've come so far 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username not lando violating charles on his own wedding post 💀💀💀
username they're so ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️😭😭😭😭😭😭
username i love them so much my lord
lilymhe you can still escape just sayin yourusername
-> yourusername i'll keep that in mind, thank you 💋
-> charles_leclerc is it too late to get a divorce
-> yourusername shut up you literally (and legally) signed up for this
username are we gonna ignore that fact that the wedding was in monte carlo and lando's in berlin
-> username how the FUCK did that happen
-> username i just know that the party was WILD
username "may this marriage not end in a divorce" PLS 💀💀💀
username the photos ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
username im living for the wedding content we're getting from like half the grid
maxverstappen1 berlin is nice
-> landonorris i know right?
-> username NOT MAX BEING IN BERLIN TOO WTF HAPPENED LAST NIGHT
username the event of the century 🔥🔥🔥
username THEY LOOK SO AMAZING WHATCTHRBUCJ
username in love with these
username god i need a life like this ://
charles_leclerc at least i had a gf and now i have a wife (thanks for the photos but i'm not paying you)
-> landonorris that's a fucked up thing to say to me (i literally hate you so much)
username fuck all the love stories except theirs
username my heart ://
username they SCREAM old money
-> username OMG THAT'S SO REAL
yourusername thank you for these pictures. we love you. take the train back to monte carlo rn or i am giving your gift to george. and thanks for the driver information, will keep that in mind definitely.
-> landonorris anytime. i love you both i guess. DON'T YOU DARE and of course, happy to help.
-> charles_leclerc DELETE THAT NUMBER RIGHT NOW
username charles has been married for one (singular) day and he's already fighting for his life 💀💀💀💀💀
username i love this friend group so much ❤️
username THEY BOTH ATE OMG
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liked by yourusername, landonorris, carmenmmundt and 892,728 others
lilymhe in my head, we're still those teen girls who planned out their wedding days with so much enthusiasm and with so much detail that it would've put these planners and binders to shame. it's kinda hard to believe that my best friend is now married but honestly, y/n/n, i couldn't be more happy for you. you're my best friend and i love you so much. thank you for being just a call away, always. here's to charles (barf) and y/n (❤️)
tagged yourusername charles_leclerc
7,926 comments
username SHUT UP IM CRYING
username platonic soulmates ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
username AHHHSHDHDJDHBXSJ
username she's so pretty what the fuck
username Y/N ATE
carmenmmundt the prettiest bride 💕
*liked by lilymhe*
username two pretty best friends 🔥🔥🔥
username y/n looks so pretty what thebfuck omg im gonna scream
username my favs ://
username nah cus lily and y/n literally have my heart like they're my fav pair of best friends
charles_leclerc i remember when you threatened me
-> lilymhe good. remember it for the rest of your life.
-> charles_leclerc y/n she's doing that thing again yourusername
-> yourusername lily
-> lilymhe sorry
-> username NAH NOT CHARLES SNITCHING ON LILY
username she slayed so hard
username the barf and the ❤️ spoke VOLUMES
username im gonna cry they're so 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username i wish i had a best friend like lily ://
alex_albon i never get captions like this
-> lilymhe this isn't about you
-> yourusername yeah alex this isn't about you
username y/n's childhood best friend being her maid of honour 😭😭😭😭😭❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
username in love with these two
username AHHHSHDHDJDHBXSJ
yourusername i love you SO fucking much
-> lilymhe i love you so much more
yourusername i'll love you always thank you for everything ❤️‍🩹
-> lilymhe you're my best friend, always here for you and your loser ass boyfriend
-> charles_leclerc I'M HER HUSBAND
-> lilymhe okay and??? she can get another one
-> username PLEASE OH MY GOD
username i adore their friendship tf
username don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry don't cry
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liked by yourusername, carlossainz55, charles_leclerc
danielricciardo i had one (1) job and as you can see, i took it very seriously. mr and mrs. leclerc-y/l/n, everybody 💒🍧💐
tagged yourusername charles_leclerc
7,682 comments
username LECLERC-Y/L/NS
username THEY'RE SO 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username i love them sm what the fuck
username my parents ❤️🫶🏼
username LOVING THE WEDDING CONTENT WE'RE BRING FED RN
username she looks so pretty omg ☹️☹️☹️
maxverstappen1 why are you acting like your ass isn't in berlin with us?
-> danielricciardo THAT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE A SECRET YOU SNITCH
username WHAT THEBFUCJ HAPPENED LAST NIGJT 💀💀💀💀💀 why are they in berlin
-> username oh the night was wildin 🔥🔥🔥
username daniel.jpg but on main
username love them sm
username SO HAPPY FOR THEM AHSHDHSJDJBS
username living for this content
landonorris berlin kinda cool
*liked by danielricciardo*
username WHY are they in berlin
-> username no it's HOW are they in berlin
username no bc i feel like such a proud mom like i watched go from "hiii/hiiiiiii" to "hehehehe i do/shut up charles, i do"
-> username that's what i call GROWTH
username her dresses ate omg
username i know daniel's not getting paid for shit
username im so ://
charles_leclerc lovely photos mate
-> danielricciardo so will you pay me?
-> charles_leclerc no
username AHHHSHDHDHDHXHXJDJDF
username gonna sob some more
username honestly crying tears rn
yourusername we love you daniel 🫶🏼 (get your ass back to monaco i am NOT kidding)
-> danielricciardo love you guys (omg we're on our way stop you scare me sometimes)
username IM NOT NORMAL ABT THIS
username fav couple
username thank u to daniel for these
-> username doing god's word fr
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liked by lewishamilton, carmenmmundt, charles_leclerc and 2,826,418 others
yourusername words cannot express how much i love you. every single time i think that this is it, i cannot possibly love you more than i do, i'm surprised by myself because i do. i really do. i fall in love with you more and more every single day and i'm gonna spend the rest of my life showing you that. i loved you when you first told me that you really liked my smile and i loved you when you told me you hoped i lived nearer to you and then asked me to move in. i loved you when you took the time to get to know me and i loved you when you said that i was it for you and i will love you when our hair is turning gray and we're gonna look back and smile and fall in love even more. they're gonna have to kick us out of those nursing homes i swear. i truly cannot wait to look back on our life together, cardboard boxes full of our love, but until then, let's live it. here's to my forever love, my everything, my world. i love you ❤️
tagged charles_leclerc
17,527 comments
username GOODNIGHT
username WHAT THR FUCK
username im gonna sob this is so
username they're married 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username people say soulmates we say y/n and charles
username sliding down the door fr this is INSANE
charlotte2304 all my love to you both 💓
*liked by yourusername*
username HE'S SO HUSBAND MATERIAL LIKE
username they're MY parents
username the caption took my heart out and squeezed it
username hahahahaha!!!!! i am NOT okay!!!!!!! what the fuck is up with that caption
sebastianvettel 💐💕
*liked by yourusername*
username he's so ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
username "i truly cannot wait to look back on our life together, cardboard boxes full of our love, but until then, let's live it" WHEN WILL IT BE ME
username "they're gonna have to kick us out of those nursing homes" me and who lol (i am screaming crying shaking)
username no bc i too deserve someone like this ://
username it's giving timeless by taylor swift
*liked by yourusername*
username they're so taylor swift coded
username GOD ME WHEN
username gonna take a toaster bath brb 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
username don't test me istg
carla.brocker my heart 😭🩷
*liked by yourusername*
arthur_leclerc sister-in-law 💒🩷
*liked by yourusername*
username IM GONNA SCREAM WHAT THE FUXK
username MY parents 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username he's so husband coded ❤️‍🩹
username microwaving a spoon brb
charles_leclerc i love you so much it's unbelievable just how much
-> yourusername i adore you and every part of you
charles_leclerc my forever love ❤️ cannot wait to grow old with you
-> yourusername forever has never sounded so good ❤️
username gonna be thinking abt this for the rest of my life just so u know
username they're setting the standards so high i can't do it anymore what the fuck
username im so 💔💔💔💔💔💔💔💔💔💔😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹❤️‍🩹☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️☹️🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤🫤
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liked by yourusername, pierregasly, landonorris and 2,826,318 others
charles_leclerc i honestly don't know what to say. you're my biggest dream, my wife and now that i'm saying it, it sounds so surreal. i have waiting been an entire lifetime to say these words and the fact that it's you in this lifetime (and all the others), is just amazing. i wish i had known you sooner, so that i wouldn't have to spend all those years looking for love in places where it couldn't possibly be. my love for you reached my past and before you came into my life, i missed you so bad. i hope that one day, when we're old and aged and have seen a thousand sunsets, you ask me if i love you and my answer will forevermore will be always, evermore, even after and still.
tagged yourusername
16,628 comments
username I CANNOT DO THIS RN
username everyone stfu im gonna cry
username english lang is so weird bc u say true love and it translates to y/n and charles
username nah the bar is too high atp im giving up
username SHE'S SO PRETTY MA GAWD
username the fact that they're now the leclerc-y/l/ns 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
lewishamilton so happy for you both 💐💒
*liked by charles_leclerc*
username "my love for you reached my past and before you came into my life, i missed you so bad" why am i crying.
username they're the blueprint for all love stories from now on btw
username I LOBE THEM SO MUVH WHAT GHE FUCK THEY'RE MU PARENTS 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭 😭 😭 ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️
usernames no bc the way all the photos are of random moments and this leads me to believe that charles just whips out his camera whenever y/n is just There and now im crying again
-> username he's just like us fr
-> username i too would play paparazzi for y/n is given the chance he's not the only one ://
carla.brocker coolest sister in law (best friend) 🫶🏼
-> yourusername carla i love you 😭
username still in disbelief they r married tbh
username i feel like we watched them grow up im so emotional 💔💔💔💔💔💔💔
username she's so pretty i could sob
username why did u think that it was okay for u to post this.
username i am not okay
lorenzotl 🤍💐
*liked by charles_leclerc*
username SHE'S SO PRETTY
username charles won at life fr
*liked by charles_leclerc*
username caption called me single and lonely in 26836282727 languages 💔💔💔💔💔
username bro woke up and chose to destroy shakespeare with that caption 💀💀💀
landonorris loved the wedding 👍 i woke up in berlin
-> charles_leclerc the wedding was in monaco???
-> maxverstappen1 i know
-> danielricciardo we obviously had some ideas and now i have an ugly tattoo and there's a ring pop on my finger
-> landonorris max has one too
-> charles_leclerc YOU MARRIED MAX
-> danielricciardo NO
-> maxverstappen1 NO
-> yourusername this is hilarious
username i need to see more pictures from the wedding I NEED TO
username i love my wife (i am delusional)
yourusername i have already loved you for a thousand years ❤️
-> charles_leclerc here's to a thousand more ❤️
yourusername i love you so much like you're my person and i just love you so fucking much :/
-> charles_leclerc i love you so much more mon chéri
username they're so 😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭😭
username IM SO AHJHSJSHDHDJSKDJD
username im gonna cry brb
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Many on the right have sought to depict the protesters as extremists, but the sheer scale and regularity of the protests and actions are in fact a sign of how mainstream pro-Palestinian feeling is within British society. The question, assuming the movement succeeds in ending the Israeli assault, is where does it go next? What becomes of movements when they stop moving? Traditionally, social movements went through phases of emergence, coalescence, institutionalisation and decline, followed by dissipation and co-optation by mainstream parties. This usually took decades, the classic case being the US civil rights movement. Yet the era since “Occupy Wall Street” in 2011 has been one of so-called “flash movements”. From Black Lives Matter to the gilets jaunes, movements have coalesced around hashtagged slogans with astonishing celerity, producing deep political crises – and then subsiding. The Gaza campaign resembles a flash movement. It didn’t come out of nowhere. Palestine has been a cause of the international left since the six-day war in 1967, and the UK has seen repeated protests over Israel’s flattening of the West Bank, invasion of Lebanon and serial bombardments of Gaza. There is a network of organisations doing the groundwork, such as the Palestine Solidarity Campaign and Stop the War. But the turnout for these protests shows the virtues of the flash movement: it can rapidly mobilise masses of people, tolerate a diversity of tactics and keep focus on a simple, morally obvious demand. In many respects, it is succeeding. In the UK, despite efforts to demonise the protests as “hate marches”, and the then home secretary Suella Braverman’s inept provocation of the far right against the protests, the demonstrations brought up to 800,000 people to the streets on 11 November. This was the largest such demonstration since the invasion of Iraq. Nor was the UK alone. There have been mass protests everywhere from Tokyo and Kerala to Cairo, Washington DC and Rio de Janeiro. In France and Berlin, protesters have defied official bans. In the US, the Jewish left has led the movement and often engaged in the most militant tactics,including blockading Manhattan Bridge. The embattled Israeli left has also staged protests, despite a climate of police repression and mob violence. The movement has done what successful movements do: win over public opinion, catalyse cracks in elite consensus and expose divisions in the state. These splits were visible in the form of staffer dissent in the US state department, frontbench resignations in Labour over Keir Starmer’s refusal to support a ceasefire, protests by Dutch civil servants and EU employees, Macron’s ceasefire demand, and recently the call from Canada, Australia and New Zealand, three of the Five Eyes intelligence-sharing coalition countries, for an “immediate humanitarian ceasefire”. Only the US now vetoes UN ceasefire resolutions.
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honeycombsims · 7 months
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Coastal Abode (furnished)
I don't know what took longer, furnishing this house or making the cc list for it
4 Beds, 3 Baths
30 x 20 lot
§173,000
download (patreon, completely free)
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more screenshots and CC list below
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CC List
Harrie
The Coastal Collection - Part One
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Cottage bedroom by Syboulette
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wisteriagoesvroom · 5 months
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playing pinterest roulette and seeing what AUs i can make up based on the pics (part 3 of ???)
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Classical Music AU: Max is second chair at the London Contemporary Orchestra - a newer but well-respected group lauded for their fresh approach to music, marketing, and sponsors. Max’s meteoric ascent looks to continue with first chair Seb Vettel's departure, which is coming up in a year.
That is, until the LCO bring in a shock contender, Charles Leclerc. Leclerc is a traditionalist and highly marketable classical violinist, with a star-studded CV including the Paris Conservatory, and a star-making stint at the Berlin Philharmonic.
Charles's working style is also a problem. He's warm in a way that Max is not, understands music in a way that's fundamentally different to Max, and he builds an easy rapport with Vettel from the start (Max's jealousy has nothing to do with it.)
As the season winds on, Max and Charles continue to clash about everything. Playing styles (speed and correct interpretation), the relevancy of classical music (Max is all for moving the genre forward and bending the rules, Charles cares about deference to old ways), and even a loud argument in the caf about whose name gets to be written first in the program ("do not push me down the list", one of them says. The marketing team eventually agrees to write them both on the same line to reflect equal status).
This continues until the LCO asks them to work on a special project, composing a score for a new indie movie. It's both musicians’ first foray into cross-medium production, and the LCO thinks it wouldn't hurt if the soundtrack won a couple of awards too. Max and Charles reluctantly accept the project, knowing the first chair position is the prize if they can be the star contributor. It doesn't matter that there's only one first chair position, because each is convinced that they will win.
As they're heading to the studio for recording one day, Max asks to stop at his apartment to grab a hard drive that has some instrumental stems for a tricky piece they're working on.
While waiting at Max's doorway, Charles sees a loose sheaf of paper fall from a table. He walks over and picks it up.
Charles realises it's one of the earlier librettos he'd written while he was still at the Paris Conservatory. Not many people know about it - it was an experimental piece, from his earlier work, rough around the edges and vaguely embarrassing. He didn't even think anyone liked it, let alone heard it or went through the effort to source it.
Stunned, Charles tucks it back into the stack of papers on the table, only to see there are more relics from his early career. A pamphlet for a summer performance in Switzerland, a train ticket to Berlin for the same performance date that landed him in a review as a once-in-a-generation talent.
Max reappears in the doorway with his bag, and freezes. Charles stares back, and speaks first.
"Have you had these all this time?"
Max's blue eyes are cool, even as his face burns. "We have our differences. But it'd be impossible, not to notice you."
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sulanimami · 1 year
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WIndslar Wellness Spa
Nestled in the WIndslar neighborhood of Windenburg, this old tudor was recently renovated into an oasis away from the hustle and bustle of the city. Including a cafe and bar, sauna rooms, hot springs, yoga room, meditation room, nail salon, private massage rooms and an indoor/outdoor pool, this is the place truly made for relaxation.
REQUIRED PACKS: Spa Day, Get Together, Snowy Escape
OPTIONAL PACKS: Island Living, Dine Out
TRAY FILES: Windslar Wellness Spa by SulaniMami
RVSN: Scent to be Diffuser | Full of it Smart Trash Can |
Pierisim: MCM 1 | MCM 2 | MCM 3 | MCM 4 | Domaine du Clos 2 | Domaine du Clos 4 | Oak House 4 (Folded Towels) | The Office (Pencil Holder) | Coldbrew (Books) |
Charly Pancakes: The Strandkorb | Selection One (retro smartspeaker) | Slouch
Charly Pancakes & Pierisim: Precious Promises (3 Candles)
Harrie: Spoons 2 | Spoons 3 | Brownstone 2 | Brownstone 3 | Octave 2 | Octave 3 | Country 1 | Country 3 | Heritage Collection
Felixandre: Grove 3 | Grove 4 | Berlin 2 | Orjanic 2 | Colonial 1 | Colonial 2 | Colonial 3 | Paris 3 | Gothic Revival Exterior | ShoptheLook | London Interior (Merged)
House of Harlix: Baysic Bathroom | Harluxe | Livin Rum | Bafroom | Orjanic 2
Tuds: Wave Living | Cave 1 | IND 3 |
Peacemaker IC: Hamptons Built-Ins | Hudson Bathroom | Hamptons Bedroom | Hamptons Bathroom | Flooring Dump 01 Herringbone Parquet | Shaker Paneling
Mr.Olkan: Cool Pools CC Kit (Pool Water 4)
MadameRiaSims4: Basic Luxe Kitchen (Barstool)
Servinka: OMSP Set | Natalia Dining (Ceiling Lamp) | Christmas Bedroom (8 Large Candles)
Max20: Classic Kitchen Set | Poolside Lounge Pack
S-Imagination: Oak & Concrete Patio Kit
Amoebae: OMSP - The Red Shelf
BrazenLotus: Mythical Patio Lamp Recolors
MyshunoSun: Gale Dining (Wine Glass) | Luna Bedroom (Wall Art)
SixamCC: Small Spaces Pantry
ItsKingFalcon: Fuvwara 2 _ Fountain Set
Cepzid: Let’s Get Fit Modpack
LittleDica: Rise & Grind Coffeehouse Stuff Pack
ANBS: Tokyo Bathroom (Mirror)
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Hetalia Cars Headcanons
Germany: Ludwig is a big fan of cars. For him, it is a hobby; he likes getting his hands dirty, repairing, checking, etc. On a daily basis, as in my head, he is environmentally conscious; he drives a nice electric Mercedes or uses public transport in Berlin. But, give this boy a few free hours, and he will take his Ferrari (yes, Ferrari; Feliciano chose it) to the Autobahn (Highways), which in Germany are mostly with no speed limits, and he will show you all his talents. He still drives safely and is careful, but he is a speed devil.
Prussia: Gilbert drives well; he is not as into cars as Lutz is, though he still knows what he is doing. He also drives something German, maybe a BMW or Audi. Classic one, with manual gearbox, black, because black cars are awesome. Prussia actually sticks to the rules on the road, although he still, after all these years, tends to forget about seatbelts. He is also in possession of a Trabant, a car produced in Eastern Germany. It is one of the oldest models from the late 1950s, in a light blue colour. It is well maintained, and you can still drive it, which Prussia does from time to time to let the old boy breathe a little. He won't admit it, but he kept his Trabi out of pure sentiment. 
Austria: Roderich can drive, sort of. He learned how to do it very quickly, but he dislikes it. Austria always had someone to drive him around, and nowadays he usually uses taxis or someone else like Ludwig or Gilbert is driving him. In the early days of cars, it wasn't that bad; there were just a few machines around, but in the 21st century, he is simply slightly afraid (he won't admit it aloud, of course). of the number of people on the roads, it is way too fast for him, and with him being easily distracted, it is just hard to drive. He has a car; Ludwig chose it, it is sensible, comfortable, and German. Roderich spearly uses it, but if Germany, Prussia, or anyone else visits by plane, they usually take the car. 
Bonus headcanon: Alfred once made a comment about Ludwig driving rather slowly in the city and having a boring town car. Germany took Al for a drive in the Ferrari. Americ's life was never the same.
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blueiskewl · 4 months
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Three Students Just Deciphered the First Passages of a 2,000-Year-Old Scroll Burned in Vesuvius’ Eruption
A Roman scroll, partially preserved when it was buried in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in A.D. 79, has been virtually unwrapped and decoded using artificial intelligence.
The feat was achieved by three contestants in the Vesuvius Challenge, a competition launched in March 2023 in which people around the world raced to read the ancient Herculaneum papyri.
Papyrologists working with the Vesuvius Challenge believe the scroll contains “never-before-seen text from antiquity,” and the text in question is a piece of Epicurean philosophy on the subject of pleasure. The winning submission shows ancient Greek letters on a large patch of scroll, and the author seems to be discussing the question: are things that are scarce more pleasurable as a result?
The author, whose identity is unconfirmed, doesn’t think so: “As too in the case of food, we do not right away believe things that are scarce to be absolutely more pleasant than those which are abundant,” one passage from the scroll reads.
The three members of the winning team had previously individually made significant contributions to the competition. Luke Farritor, a computer science student at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and Youssef Nader, a machine learning Ph.D. student at Freie University in Berlin, had been two of the first contestants to detect a smaller number of letters, winning $40,000 and $10,000 respectively. Julian Schilliger, a robotics student at ETH Zürich, developed a tool that began to automatically segment the scrolls. They will share the $700,000 grand prize.
Nat Friedman, a tech investor and executive, and one of the challenge’s organizers, recently printed out the winning submission. “All this has been in this dreamlike digital world in my imagination before," Friedman says. "Seeing it on paper, rolling it up, it just made it so tangible.”
There’s a lot more to discover. The scroll partially decoded by the winning submission was one of 800 discovered in a southern Italian villa that was first uncovered in 1750. The combined efforts of the competitors and organizers so far have resulted in around 5% of one scroll being read.
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The final scramble to read the scrolls
Since the Vesuvius Challenge launched nearly a year ago, participants had both cooperated and competed, sharing their latest techniques with each other and posting pictures of their progress. But as the race for the grand prize intensified, the Discord, a social media platform where the participants shared information, went dark, says Friedman.
Of the eighteen submissions for the grand prize, most of them were received on the last day of the contest, Dec. 31, and three were sent in the final ten minutes, according to Friedman. Friedman recalls he was at home with his family around Christmas, decorating for the holiday while compulsively refreshing his phone, when the winning submission came in. “I ran into my little office at home and popped it open,” he says. “I was like, ‘Wow, this is really magnificent.’”
In accordance with the criteria set in March 2023, the winning submission contains four passages of 140 characters each, with at least 85% of the characters in each of those passages recoverable by professional papyrologists. It also contains a further 11 columns of text.
It isn’t known who authored the ancient scroll, but experts have developed theories. “Is the author Epicurus' follower, the philosopher and poet Philodemus, the teacher of Vergil? It seems very likely,” writes Richard Janko, professor of classical studies at the University of Michigan. “Is he writing about the effect of music on the hearer, and comparing it to other pleasures like those of food and drink? Quite probably.” Robert Fowler, a professor of Greek at the University of Bristol, also believes the author to be Philodemus. “Like other Epicureans, he valued pleasure above all - but pleasure rightly understood, not mere indulgence,” Fowler writes of the philosopher.
In the final section of the scroll, the author appears to criticize his intellectual adversaries, who “have nothing to say about pleasure, either in general or in particular, when it is a question of definition.”
“I can't help but read it as a 2000 year old blog post, arguing with another poster,” says Friedman. “It's ancient Substack, and people are beefing with each other, and I think that's just amazing.”
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What comes next
The Vesuvius Challenge has issued a new grand prize for 2024 that will allow the AI-enhanced decoding to move at a faster pace.
The competitors largely have been developing algorithms for automatic letter detection—using AI to see traces of ink on segments of virtually unrolled scrolls. Aside from letter detection, the other main challenge associated with reading the scrolls is segmentation—separating the layers and virtually unrolling the scrolls. So far, this process has been highly manual; the Vesuvius Challenge employed three full-time segmenters. In order to ensure that they’d have segmented enough of the scroll for someone to win the grand prize, Friedman bought the team new monitors and computers to boost their productivity. The challenge for 2024 is to automate the segmentation process.
Friedman admits that he has had other tempting offers of new quests to pursue. Over the last year, he says his inbox has been filled with Robinson Crusoe-esque proposals, from people alerting him to lost shipwrecks and ancient cities, undecoded languages, and strange glyphs on the sides of mountains.
But he can’t walk away. He wants to help read all of the 800 scrolls already discovered in the villa. And some archeologists believe there is a main library containing tens of thousands of scrolls, still waiting to be excavated.
To expedite the excavation, Friedman has obtained the mobile number of the Italian civil servant responsible for the villa, whom he has texted, twice. “My hope is that I won't have to go and dig it out myself,” says Friedman. “But if that's what it comes to, I will.”
By WILL HENSHALL.
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er1chartmann · 5 months
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Adolf Hitler's time-line
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This is Adolf Hitler, The Fuhrer, timeline:
1889: He was born in Vienna.
1892: the family moved to Passau, Germany, where the future dictator acquired his Low-Bavarian accent that would accompany him in the orations of his future political life.
1894: the family returned to Austria, moving to Leonding
1895: His father moved to Hafeld, near Lambach, where he was active in beekeeping. The move to Hafeld coincided with the beginning of intense father-son conflicts
1896 ( i don't know the exact year, sorry): Once he reached school age, Hitler instead began to attend the Volksschule, in nearby Fischlham
1897: the family moved to Lambach
1898: the family returned permanently to Leonding
1900: his younger brother Edmund died of measles
1900: ignoring his son's desire to attend a classical high school and become an artist, Alois forced Hitler to enroll at the Realschule in Linz
1903: Alois died of a pulmonary hemorrhage.
1908: His mother, Klara, dies.
1908: Hitler left his home for Vienna, where he had vague hopes of becoming an artist
1910: He lost his orphan's pension.
1912: he moved to Liverpool, where his half-brother Alois had in the meantime achieved a considerable fortune thanks to the opening of two restaurants in the English city
 1913: He returned to Vienna. It was in Vienna that Hitler began to approach anti-Semitism.
1913: Hitler moved to Munich to avoid military service in the Austro-Hungarian army.
1914: Hitler enlisted as a volunteer at the age of 25 in Kaiser Wilhelm II's Bavarian army, being assigned to the 1st Company of the 16th "List" Infantry Regiment, belonging to the 6th Reserve Division. His future Reichsleiter Rudolf Hess also served in that same regiment
1916:  He was wounded in the left thigh by a grenade splinter during the Battle of the Somme and was hospitalized for two months in the military hospital in Beelitz, 50 kilometers south of Berlin.
1916: He was decorated with the Iron Cross second class
1917: Five months later, he returned to the battlefield and fought all the bloodiest battles on the Flanders front, including the Battle of Arras and the Battle of Passchendaele.
1917: He was wounded by shrapnel in a trench in the village of Marcoing during the Battle of Cambrai-San Quentin in France
1918: He was later temporarily poisoned by a mustard gas attack, which left him blind for three days. He was immediately admitted to Pasewalk Military Hospital where, according to some sources, he learned the news of the German defeat on November 9th.
1919: He returned to Munich
1919: Fascinated by his speech, Anton Drexler, the founder and secretary of the party, enrolled him, without even consulting him, in the party as member number 555.
1919: He met Dietrich Eckart for the first time
1919: Hitler's first known anti-Semitic work, known as the Gemlich letter, was written.
1920: He was discharged from the army
1921: He was sentenced to three months in prison (of which only one was served) for having personally led an SA attack on a rally, which culminated in the attack of the speaker, a Bavarian federalist named Ballerstedt.
1923: Hitler and other extremists attempted the failed Munich Putsch.
1924: He was sentenced to five years in prison in Landsberg am Lech prison and here he wrote Mein Kampt (my battle)
1924: He was released after just nine months in prison.
1925: The first part of Mein Kampf was published
1925: Hitler established the SS
1928: The Nazi Party failed miserably in the 1928 elections
1930: Hitler assumed the position of Oberste SA (supreme leader), entrusting the position of military commander (Stabschef) of the SA to Ernst Röhm
1930: the Nazi Party suddenly rose from obscurity and gained over 18% of the vote and 107 seats in the Reichstag, making it the second largest political force in Germany
1931: His niece Geli (they were supposedly having an affair) commits suicide.
1932: the Nazis achieved their best result, winning 230 seats and becoming the party with a relative majority; Thanks to this victory, Hitler also managed to finally obtain German citizenship.
1933: He was appointed Chancellor of Germany
1933: Using the pretext of the Reichstag fire, Hitler issued the "Reichstag fire decree" on 28 February 1933, less than a month after taking office. The decree suppressed most of the civil rights guaranteed by the 1919 constitution of the Weimar Republic in the name of national security.
1933: Dachau concentration camp opens its doors
1934: After Hindernburg's death, Hitler, who was the Chancellor, could not also become President of the Reich (head of State), created a new position for himself, that of Führer, which in practice allowed him to combine the two roles. He was Führer und Reichskanzler (Reich leader and chancellor). From 1934 until his death there was no Reich President in Germany.
1935: The Nuremberg Laws were proclaimed
1935: he had to have a polyp removed from his throat, which led to relapses later
1935: Hitler repudiated the Treaty of Versailles, reintroducing conscription in Germany.
1936: Hitler violated the treaty of Versailles again by occupying the Rhineland demilitarized zone.
1936: when the Spanish civil war broke out, Hitler sent troops to help Francisco Franco's rebels
1936: On Goebbels' idea, Hitler hosted the 11th Olympiad in Berlin
1936: There was the signing of a friendship treaty between the Kingdom of Italy and Germany in Berlin
1937: Hitler held a secret meeting in the Reich Chancellery, in which he declared his plans for the acquisition of "living space" for the German people.
1938: With a plebiscite Austria joined Germany (the so-called Anschluss) and Hitler, who thus laid the foundations of Greater Germany, made a triumphal entry into Vienna
1938: This led to the Munich Agreement of September 1938 in which the United Kingdom and France, with the mediation of Mussolini, weakly gave in to his demands to avoid war, thus "sacrificing" Czechoslovakia, which was occupied.
1939: The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact is signed.
1939: The Germans enter Prague, occupying Czechoslovakia.
1939: The military alliance with Fascist Italy known as the Pact of Steel takes shape.
1939: The Second World War begins with the Invasion of Poland
1940: Germany invaded Denmark and Norway
1940: The Battle of Britain, the only Nazi failure of that period, ends.
1940: In May, a flash offensive began that quickly swept through the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and France.
1940: The Auschwitz concentration camp opens its doors.
1941: Yugoslavia and Greece are invaded.
1941: Martin Bormann gives him Blondi.
1941: Operation Barbarossa began.
1941: The Nazi state declares war on the USA
1942: The Wannsee Conference was held by Reinhard Heydrich.
1943: The Battle of Stalingrad, considered by many historians as a turning point in ww2, ends.
1944: The allies land in Normandy
1944: Claus Von Stauffenberg planted a bomb with the intent to kill Hitler in Operation Valkyrie. The operation failed.
1945: He married Eva Braun.
1945: He killed himself.
Sources:
Wikipedia: Adolf Hitler
Military Wiki: Adolf Hitler
Hitler and his loyalists by Paul Roland
I DON'T SUPPORT NAZISM,FASCISM OR ZIONISM IN ANY WAY, THIS IS JUST AN EDUCATIONAL POST
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sigalrm · 1 year
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Firmenlogo der Heinrich Büssing Automobilwerke AG by Pascal Volk Via Flickr: Der Braunschweiger Löwe war bis zum Ende Bestandteil des Firmenlogos der Büssing AG. Die Büssing AG wurde 1971 von MAN übernommen. Daher kennt man den Löwen von älteren MAN-Fahrzeugen. 2021 verschwand die MAN SE aus dem Handelsregister, und damit auch der Löwe.
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bucky-barnes-diaries · 6 months
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Day 9 — Christmas Ambiance
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Pairing || TFATWS!Bucky x Female!Reader
Word Count || Around 900
Contents & Warnings || Fluff, very mild Angst — no warnings.
Disclaimer || English is not my first language so I apologise for any mistakes or misunderstandings!
Advent Calendar 2023
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During the holiday season, Christmas songs held a deep significance, not only for you and Bucky but for people all around the globe. Without iconic songs such as “All I Want for Christmas Is You,” “Mistletoe,” “Rockin’ Around The Christmas Tree,” “Feliz Navidad,” “Jingle Bell Rock,” and “Last Christmas,” the festive spirit would be boring and bleak, making the season dull and joyless.
You and Bucky refrained from listening to any songs before December 1st. But, the preparation for your annual Christmas playlist started weeks in advance. All the iconic songs made the list, as well as spicing it up with new releases.
On November 30th, a few minutes before midnight, you and Bucky found yourselves nestled on the sofa, each engrossed in a book. Your eyes occasionally darted to the clock, anticipation building for the stroke of midnight, signaling the start of the holiday month.
With your phone synced to the Bluetooth speakers, playlist queued up, and finger hovering over the play button, the moment arrived. The clock chimed midnight, and you pressed play.
The opening jingle of Mariah Carey’s “All I Want for Christmas Is You” resonated throughout the living room, and, unable to resist, you started singing along, your voice blending with hers.
“Come on, Bucky! It’s time,” you urged, pointing at him to join.
“I don’t want a lot for Christmas.”
“There is just one thing I need.”
Bucky closed his book, meeting your gaze with a smile that spoke of his affection. As the song continued, he joined the serenade.
“Make my wish come true.”
“All I want for Christmas is you.”
Bucky cupped your face, pressing his lips to yours, firm and determined, sealing the song's sentiment with a kiss.
“It’s true, doll. All I want for Christmas is you. Only you.”
Cliche yet heartwarming, his words elicited a giggle from you as you exchanged kisses.
You and he danced and spun across the living room as the song continued, singing your hearts out to the classic tune. In between verses, Bucky took the opportunity to steal affectionate kisses and tender touches, adding a touch of passion to your laughter and joy, making the experience memorable.
Throughout December, Christmas songs became the soundtrack of your days. During car rides, you would sing your voices hoarse with upbeat Christmas tunes. In comparison, playful days had you and Bucky twirling and laughing to the classic songs in your living room.
Amidst the joyful chaos, your favorite times were the quiet evenings of Christmas ambiance, when the two of you engaged in a slow dance guided by the timeless melodies of Bucky’s beloved 1940s Christmas songs.
Bucky placed the cherished 40s classics onto the turntable. The classic holiday tune, “White Christmas” by Irving Berlin, began to play, casting a warm, sepia-toned ambiance across the living room. The aged melody conveyed nostalgia that enveloped the dimly lit space. As the needle delicately traced the record’s grooves, a soft hiss accompanied the music, adding to its charm.
“Dance with me, doll,” Bucky invited with a boyish smile. Pulling you into his arms, he planted a tender kiss on your forehead. You hummed in contentment as you placed a hand in his and the other on his shoulder. Bucky’s free hand found its place on the small of your back, drawing you into a gentle yet firm embrace.
“I would love nothing more,” you giggled, allowing him to lead.
Your bodies melded together seamlessly, like two pieces of a perfect puzzle. Your head found a comfortable spot on his chest, near his heart, while his chin rested atop your head, creating a cocoon of protection and closeness. The dance was slow and deliberate, synchronizing with the tempo of the music. His movements were smooth and practiced—a testimony to his bygone era.
Bucky’s focus extended beyond the dance itself; it lingered on you. Amidst the nostalgic atmosphere, he showered you with whispers of sweet nothings, tender kisses on your forehead, and soft touches on your back—deepening the dance and connection.
As you and he immerse yourselves in the music and each other, your thoughts wander to a younger Bucky—charismatic and a true ladies’ man in the 1940s. A hint of jealousy flickered as you envisioned him gracefully dancing and wooing women with his youthful charm. However, these moments were part of the tapestry of his life, contributing to the person he is today. So you embraced those memories with a bittersweet taste, understanding and cherishing them.
Meeting Bucky’s gaze, it’s as if he could read the currents of your thoughts. His smile radiates warmth, his eyes reflecting adoration—a silent reassurance and affirmation that your love is unique, different from anything that came before.
“You’re everything to me, doll. You’re it. You know that,” he murmured, gently pinching your chin and caressing your lips with his. “You’re the love of my life. My one true love.”
“I know, Bucky. I love you—past, present, and future. All your stories, all your scars, you. You’re my one.”
Bucky’s charm shines through as he gracefully twirls you around, eliciting a cheerful giggle as you spin in his embrace.
As the song comes to an end, Bucky delicately dips you, sealing the intimate moment with a passionate kiss. With a smile, he brings you upright, cradling you in his arms, the steady beat of his heart syncing with your own.
You continue to dance the night away, celebrating your journey and cherishing your shared and personal scars and stories. The ambiance of Christmas songs envelops your home, creating a backdrop for your celebration.
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Feedback through a comment is highly appreciated! Or let me know through an anonymous ask if that feels more comfortable. As well as a reblog to share my work with other people!
I don’t do taglists so please follow @bucky-barnes-diaries-library and turn on notifications to never miss out on my writing!
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mybeingthere · 6 months
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Tom Seidmann Freud (1892-1930)
Tom Seidmann Freud, nee Martha Freud, a children's book illustrator and author celebrated for her deceptively simple yet modern style. An eccentric niece of Sigmund Freud, she was born in Vienna in 1892 and moved with her family nine years later to Berlin. She was an artistically gifted child, at fifteen changed her name to Tom (allegedly to avoid sexism she might encounter as a female artist). She eventually studied art, first in London and then in Berlin and in Munich, where she focused on Art Nouveau illustration.
From 1914 to her death at thirty-eight in 1930, she published nearly a dozen books of her own and contributed illustrations to others. Today, nearly one hundred years late, her artwork looks surprisingly contemporary with its simple, folk art aesthetic and fantastical story lines about rabbit words, talking fish, and magic boats. Her illustrations are childish but not babyish, and surreal while also being thoughtful and narrative.
Strikingly fresh in its day, Seidmann-Freud's work was an example of how seriously people took children's literature as an art form. While Seidmann-Freud wrote, and illustrated her own stories, she also illustrated classical fairy tales, such as those by Brothers Rimm and Hanns Christian Andersen, in her Ten Tales for Children. She released her most well-known children's book, Die Fishreise (The Fish's Journey), in 1923.
Seidmann-Freud created her illustrations using the ancient pochoir technique that was experiencing a revival. She drew the figures, foreground, and background with ink and then overlaid watercolors using stencils. Seidmann-Freud experimented with several different kinds of children's books, including ABC books, songbooks, game books, and movable books such as Das Wunderhaus (The House of Wonders, 1927) and Das Zauberboot (The Magic Boat, 1929), subtitled "a book to Turn and Move." She also produced a series of counting books known for their typographical innovation, one of which was chosen for the Museum of Modern art's 2012 exhibition Century of the child: Growing by Design, 19000-2000, in New York.
In the early 1920s, she and her husband, writer and journalist Jakob Seidmann, founded publishing house Perergrin Verlag in Berlin. It was named after the main character in The Fish's Journey, who seeks to overcome his outsider status by escaping to a dreamlike utopia. Tragically, the demise of their publishing venture in the wake of 1929 global financial collapse led to her husband's suicide, and in 1930, to her own. (Their seven-year-old daughter, Angela, went to live with Tom's sister, the actress Lily Freud, and her husband in Hamburg, before they all moved to Prague in 1939. Angela, (Aviva) emigrated to Israel just before the outbreak if Word War II).
Seidmann-Freud died the same year that the liberal democracy in Germany, the Weimar Republic, started its frenzied downward descent. Until Hitler took dictatorial control in 1933, her work continued to receive accolades from her peers, including the legendary literary critic and philosopher Walter Benjamin. Because she was Jewish, however, by 1933 her books began to disappear.
Despite the Nazis destruction of "suspect" literature, and her untimely death, copies of her innovative children's books have survived as an important part of the history of avant-garde book-making in twentieth century Europe.
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alatabouleau · 1 year
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German terms of endearments for your fic
.Now, it's been two years since I've fallen into the X-Men/Cherik-fandom and one thing that I have seen continuously is people trying to find terms of endearment in German for Erik to use for Charles (or his mother for him). (I've lost count of how many times I've seen the word "Liebling" spelled wrong) And honestly, no offense. I know it's hard writing a character who speaks a language you don't. And obviously, you're gonna make mistakes. So I thought I'd share my knowledge as a mother tongue in German and let you know some of the most common ways we described our loved ones. ;) DISCLAIMER: I am but one single person, grown up south-east from Berlin, I DO NOT speak for the whole of Germany, nor do I ever intent to, especially since we are anything but a cultural monolith. Just keep that in mind while reading. ;)
Exclusively romantic terms: - Liebste (fem.)/ Liebster (masc.) : literally means "most loved". Closest English equivalent is probably "love" or "beloved". Bit old-fashioned. Makes you sound like a 20th-century-gentleman. ;) Make sure to write it "I-E" NOT the other way around! It would make the opposite sound. - Geliebte (fem.) / Geliebter (masc.): literally "beloved". Makes you sound even older, like Jane-Eyre-19th-century-old. Again, I before E. - Süße (fem.) / Süßer (masc.): literally "sweetie" (I KNOW this is probably now confusing, but trust me.) This is where we get into the... sappy side of German. Like, there are some mid-forty/fifty-couples who use that, but the rest makes it probably just cringe. (I know I am right now really helpful by starting with those that are not really modern, but I've seen this used because people translating English terms so I just wanted to say it here.)
Terms for both romantic and parental love: - Liebling: literally "darling". Classic, neutral, always the safe option for every situation. (I before E ;) ) - Schatz: literally "treasure". Again, safe option, though this leans rather to the romantic side, but can be used for children either way. And then of course, some animal pet names may be used for either children or romantic partners, but honestly, I don't know any couples who do that. So, those will go into the parental category, I'm afraid.
Terms for children: -Spatz: "sparrow". That's what we basically use as "sweetie". You can also use the diminutive "Spätzchen" for either toddlers or said by grandmothers. -Maus: "mouse". same thing. Diminutive is "Mäuschen". Tendency in usage for girls, but can work for either gender. (This is what my Mom still calls me sometimes even though I'm already 22! XD) -Motte: "moth". This is now really rather for girls, and rather those whose names start with M. -Krümel: "crumb". Not used by many, rather comes from the North, also rather used for unborn children in the womb. -Fussel: "fluff". Also not that common but can be cute in my PoV. :) -Hase: "rabbit". Diminutive is "Häschen". This one's rather for boys in my experience.
And then again, at the end of the day, expressions of affection are personal and as we get more personal in German, we tend to use our respective dialects. Yes, there are actually quite a many dialects for our relative "small" country. Around 30, to be concrete. Though they are all decreasing in being used, sadly, as we get more and more globalized and mobilized. However, here are some examples that I know, my knowledge being utterly limited as I am only one single person from the region south of Berlin:
-Kleene (fem.) / Kleener (masc.): "little one". If you ever have a character originating from Berlin or south of Berlin, this can be used for children. -Meechen: "girl" in the dialect of the region called "Lausitz" around the border of Brandenburg and Saxonia. Also for kids. -Schätzelein: diminutive of "treasure" in Colognian dialect. Romantic in nature, though it can also be used in a way like hairdressers in American movies sometimes call their customers "sweetie". (please, if there's a person from Cologne here, correct me on that!) -Liebchen: "darling" or "beloved" in Saxonian dialect, I believe. Rather used by old couples. -Min Dern (fem.)/ Min Jung (masc): "my girl/boy". Northern dialect. In the region around Hamburg, if I remember correctly. Used for kids.
That's it for the moment. I will probably add to this list whenever I learn some new, but I hope this is already helpful for some people. Have a great day! :) Also, if to other German mother-speakers, feel free to share your perspective, correct me if I did put something in the wrong region or enlighten me with other words.
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homomenhommes · 3 months
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THIS DAY IN GAY HISTORY
based on: The White Crane Institute's 'Gay Wisdom', Gay Birthdays, Gay For Today, Famous GLBT, glbt-Gay Encylopedia, Today in Gay History, Wikipedia, and more … February 28
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1656 – The New Haven Colony, now Connecticut, mandates the death penalty for both women and men for acts "against nature," as well as for masturbation and anal sex among heterosexual couples. The New Haven Colony also applied the death penalty for adultery. These laws remained in effect for the next ten years until 1665 when the New Haven Colony joined Connecticut and came under Connecticut law which specified the death penalty for "man lying with man" and adultery.
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1824 – Karl-Maria Kertbeny or Károly Mária Kertbeny (born Karl-Maria Benkert) (d.1882) was born in Vienna, the son of a writer and painter. He was an Austrian-born Hungarian journalist, memoirist and human rights campaigner who coined the word homosexual. The Benkert family moved to Budapest when he was a child — he was equally at home in Austria, Germany and Hungary.
As a young man, while working as a bookseller's apprentice, Benkert had a close friend who was homosexual. This young man killed himself after being blackmailed by an extortionist. Benkert later recalled that it was this tragic episode which led him to take a close interest in the subject of homosexuality, following what he called his "instinctive drive to take issue with every injustice."
After a stint in the Hungarian army, Benkert made a living as a journalist and travel writer, and wrote at least twenty-five books on various subjects. In 1847, he legally changed his name from Benkert to Karl-Maria Kertbeny (or Károly Mária Kertbeny), a Hungarian name with aristocratic associations. He settled in Berlin in 1868, still unmarried at 44. He claimed in his writings to be "normally sexed," and there is no direct evidence to contradict this, despite the skepticism of subsequent writers.
Nevertheless, from this time on he began to write extensively on the issue of homosexuality, motivated, he said, by an "anthropological interest" combined with a sense of justice and a concern for the "rights of man." In 1869, he anonymously published a pamphlet on proposed changes to sodomy clauses in the penal code. A second pamphlet on the same subject soon followed. In his pamphlets, Kertbeny argued that the Prussian sodomy law, Paragraph 143 (which later became Paragraph 175 of the penal code of the German Empire), violated the "rights of man." He advanced the classic liberal argument that consensual sexual acts in private should not be subject to criminal law. Recalling his young friend, he argued strongly that the Prussian law allowed blackmailers to extort money from homosexuals and often drove them to suicide.
Kertbeny also put forward the view that homosexuality was inborn and unchangeable, an argument which would later be called the "medical model" of homosexuality. This contradicted the dominant view up to that time, that men committed "sodomy" out of mere wickedness. Homosexual men, he said, were not by nature effeminate, and he pointed out that many of the great heroes of history were homosexual. With Heinrich Hössli and Karl-Heinrich Ulrichs, he was among the first writers to put these now-familiar arguments before the public.
During 1869, in the course of these writings, Kertbeny coined the word "homosexual" as part of his system for the classification of sexual types, as a replacement for the pejorative terms "sodomite" and "pederast" that were used in the German- and French-speaking world of his time. In addition, he called the attraction between men and women "heterosexualism", masturbators "monosexualists", and practitioners of anal intercourse "pygists."
After publishing his two important pamphlets, Kertbeny faded from the scene. If he was homosexual, he was never prepared to say so. In 1880, he contributed a chapter on homosexuality to Gustav Jäger's book Discovery of the Soul, but Jäger's publisher decided it was too controversial and omitted it. Nevertheless, Jäger used Kertbeny's terminology elsewhere in the book.
The German sex researcher Richard von Krafft-Ebing, in his Psychopathia Sexualis (1886), borrowed the terms homosexual and heterosexual from Jäger's book. Krafft-Ebing's work was so influential that these became the standard terms for differences in sexual orientation, superseding Ulrichs' word Urning.
Kertbeny did not live to see the wide acceptance of his terminology or his ideas. He died in Budapest in 1882 at age 58.
His gravesite was traced in 2001 by sociologist Judit Takács who conducted extensive research on his life. It is located in Kerepesi Cemetery in Budapest, the final resting place of numerous prominent Hungarians of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The Gay community set a new tombstone on it, and since 2002 it has been a recurring event at Hungarian Gay festivals to place a wreath at his grave.
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1903 – American director and choreographer Vincente Minnelli was born on this date (d.1986). He's perhaps best known as the husband of Judy Garland and the father of Liza.
Eventually, Minnelli's success brought him to the attention of Hollywood.
His first film, Cabin in the Sky (1943), was visibly influenced by the theater. Shortly after that, he directed Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), during which he fell in love with the film's star, Judy Garland. The two had first met on the set of Strike Up the Band (1940), a Busby Berkeley film for which Minnelli was asked to design a musical sequence performed by Garland and Mickey Rooney. The two began a courtship that eventually led to their marriage in June 1945. Their one child together, Liza Minnelli, grew up to become an Academy Award-winning singer and actress. The Minnelli family is thus unique in having father, mother and child who all won Oscars.
Though widely known for directing musicals, including An American in Paris (1951), Brigadoon (1954), Kismet (1955), and Gigi (1958), he also helmed comedies and melodramas, including Madame Bovary (1949), Father of the Bride (1950), Designing Woman (1957) and The Courtship of Eddie's Father (1963). His last film was A Matter of Time (1976).
More recent print and television biographies of Garland have either implied or explicitly stated that Minnelli was Gay or at least Bisexual although so far (outside of sniggering comments about Minnelli's less-than-conventionally-masculine behavior) none of this material has offered a satisfactory and entirely coherent picture of Minnelli as a sexual being. Until a full-scale and reliable biography appears, we could say that a person who married four times and had two children was one whose sexuality was, at the very least, complicated.
In the deeply closeted world of 1950s Hollywood, he kept his sexual orientation quite private, though his gay sensibility is visible in many of his films. In his 1956 film version of Robert Anderson's exploration of masculinity and homophobia, Tea and Sympathy, Minnelli worked around the restrictions of the Motion Picture Association of America's production code to recreate the play's ambiguities without ever using the word homosexual.
In the little-noticed Goodbye Charlie (1964), Minnelli exploits the lighter side of gender confusion with a frothy comedy about a murdered womanizer who returns to earth in the body of a woman. With the advent of harsh realism in the movies in the 1960s and 1970s, Minnelli's dream sequences and fanciful use of color came to seem old-fashioned and out of date. He wrote his memoirs in 1974 and retired after the failure of A Matter of Time in 1976.
He died in Beverly Hills on July 26, 1986.
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1952 – William Finn, born; is an American composer and lyricist of musicals. His musical Falsettos received the 1992 Tony Awards for Best Music and Lyrics and for Best Book.
He began composing after receiving a guitar as a bar mitzvah present and subsequently taught himself to play the piano but did not immediately envision music as his career. He majored in literature and American civilization. Finn's interest in music remained lively, however. He participated in musicals at Williams College and even penned three of his own.
Finn is a heavily autobiographical writer; his topics are the Gay and Jewish experiences in contemporary America, and very often conflict, loyalty, family, belonging, sickness, healing, and loss.
Finn is especially well noted for his work on what was to become a trilogy of short musical shows off-Broadway. In Trousers, March of the Falsettos, and Falsettoland all chronicle the lives of the central character Marvin, his ex-wife Trina, his boyfriend, Whizzer, his psychiatrist, Mendel, and his son, Jason. Finn turned the two latter parts of the Marvin story into a single show, called The Falsettos, in 1992. The combination was exceptionally powerful; Joe Brown of the Washington Post wrote that "the audience, which began the play roaring with laughter, is left in tear-soaked shreds."
In a 1993 interview Finn explained the musical allusion in the play's title by saying that the falsetto is a voice outside the normal range and that he "was writing about people outside the normal range of people [he] grew up with in Massachusetts."
The Falsettos was richly honored at the Tony Awards, winning for Best Original Score and Best Musical.
At the moment of triumph when he accepted the statuettes, however, Finn was desperately ill. Suffering a loss of vision and balance and even passing out as he tried to walk, Finn was first diagnosed with a brain tumor, but it was later determined that he had an arteriovenous malformation, a congenital condition. Conventional surgery being out of the question, Finn underwent radiation Gamma Knife surgery at the University of Virginia hospital, his family—conventional and unconventional—at his side.
Finn used the experience to create his next and most autobiographical work, A New Brain (1998). He managed to create a life-affirming, humor-infused show despite the backdrop of a potentially fatal medical crisis.
A more recent Finn venture is Elegies (2003), a musical remembrance of loved ones, colleagues, and pets who have died over the past twenty years. Once again Finn takes painful topics, including the loss of his beloved mother and the devastating toll of AIDS among his friends, and creates a celebration of life that critic Stephen Holden calls a "moving and exuberant song suite."
Finn lives with his life partner, Arthur Salvatore, in New York City, where he is an independent composer and writer. He is also "Adjunct Faculty Composer/Lyricist" at NYU
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1973 – On this date (and more than a decade before GLAAD even existed) two members of the Gay Activist Alliance appeared on the popular national television program, Jack Paar's comback show Jack Paar Toniteshow to demand that the host stop using the terms "fairies", "dykes" and "fags" to disparage Gay people.
It was the first such conversation on network television and resulted in Paar apologizing for his deluge of anti-gay remarks (he had a long track-record of homophobic remarks over his career). This infuriated Nicholas von Hoffman, a right-wing Washington Post commentator and regular contributor to 60 Minutes who was upset that the GAA members statements were allowed to go without response.
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1989 – The Leather Pride Flag was unveiled on this date at the International Mr. Leather event in Chicago, Illinois. It was presented by its creator, Tony DeBlase, to initially mixed reaction. According to DeBlase's article "A Leather Pride Flag," "Some, particularly on the east coast, reacted positively to the concept, but were quite concerned, some even offended, that I had not involved the community in helping to create the design."
In any case it took off and can now be seen at many leather events around the country. The original flag is on display at the Leather Archives and Museum and is composed of nine horizontal stripes of equal width. From the top and from the bottom, the stripes alternate black and royal blue. The central stripe is white. In the upper left quadrant of the flag is a large red heart. DeBlase consistently refused to explain the colors and design, insisting that each person could do that for themselves.
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1990 – Steve Grand is an American musician and singer-songwriter from Lemont, Illinois. He became an internet celebrity and was acclaimed by many as the first openly gay male country singer to attract mainstream attention in the United States, after the music video of his song "All-American Boy" went viral on YouTube in less than a week in July 2013.
Grand wrote music from the time he was 11 years old. By age 13, he realized that he was gay and struggled to reconcile his sexuality with his Catholic faith. He came out to friends while in the eighth grade. After his parents learned of his sexuality, they enrolled him in conversion therapy for five years. Although he eventually decided that the therapy was ineffective, he has expressed gratitude to his psychologist, saying,
"I don't want to bash my therapist even though I've come to really believe that homosexuality is not a bad thing, or sinful, and not something that God wants you to rid yourself of, because I still have a lot of respect for him. … Some of [this therapy] was actually helpful — I was able to talk to someone, he was so compassionate, and he really believed in me. We just ended up having a completely different perspective." Because he has declined to condemn conversion therapy, and also because he has continued to be employed as the music director at his Catholic church, he has drawn criticism from activists who question whether he can be viewed as a positive role model.
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Prior to launching his musical career, Grand modeled under the pseudonym Steve Chatham; he was a cover model for Australia's DNA magazine in 2011. He also performed cover songs as Steve Starchild. He played piano at the Joynt in downtown Chicago in 2013.
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The Show-all DNA cover
Also in 2013, he made a music video for his song "All-American Boy," producing it at a cost of US$7,000. The video was directed and edited by award-winning Chicago filmmaker Jason Knade. The video was posted on YouTube on July 2, 2013 and immediately went viral. Just eight days later, the video had more than 1,000,000 views.
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Some media have claimed that Grand is the first openly gay male country singer to exist at all, although this has been disputed. Several gay male country musicians have toured gay bars and other venues for decades, beginning with Patrick Haggerty's band Lavender Country in 1972, and two months before Grand's video hit, The New York Times profiled openly gay singer/songwriter Shane McAnally, who has had charted songs as a vocalist in the past and is currently one of the most successful songwriters in the industry. Other openly gay or bisexual male vocalists who have had successful careers in the country music industry as songwriters or musicians have included Jimbeau Hinson, Drake Jensen, Mark Weigle, Brian Glenn, and Shane Stevens.
On July 18, 2013, Grand made his television debut, performing "All-American Boy" on Windy City Live. On September 6, 2013, Grand released his song, and accompanying video, "Stay."
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1993 – FireFLAG/EMS, first founded as FireFLAG by Gene Walsh, New York City's first openly gay FDNY firefighter, this LGBT organization was formally incorporated on February 28, 1992, and was renamed FireFLAG/EMS on this date to include emergency medical services personnel, and has achieved official FDNY fraternal organization status.
FireFLAG/EMS works tirelessly for the rights of LGBT fire and emergency service personnel as well as the rights of the LGBT community.
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2007 – Died: Marc Rubin (b.1933) was a a pioneering activist who was a leader in New York's Gay Activist Alliance (GAA) of the early 1970s, helped found the Gay Teachers Association in 1974, and was part of the Lavender Hill Mob, a direct-action precursor to ACT UP.
In 1974, Rubin, one of the first out gay teachers in the city's school system, and Merill Friedman placed a notice in the Village Voice to organize the Gay Teachers Association. Roughly 40 people turned out to form the group now known as the Lesbian and Gay Teachers Association. It was from the ranks of that group that Lambda Legal in 1987 drew the plaintiffs for a lawsuit to win domestic partner benefits for lesbian and gay public school teachers. The suit dragged on for six years, and was settled in negotiations with Mayor David Dinkins giving such benefits to all city employees just days before he lost to Rudy Giuliani in 1993.
A public school teacher who worked with delinquent boys, Rubin with Pete Fisher, his partner of 35 years, wrote a novel based on his experiences, "Special Teachers/ Special Boys," published by St. Martin's in 1978.
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andreas-maria-kahn · 2 months
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Let’s start the day with some classical photography/ Berlin 2024
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