Jill Dubisch, via Anthropology News
Via Bueler Funeral Home
Dubisch started out studying pilgrimage in Greece and then shifted to Vietnam vets' pilgrimage to the Vietnam memorial. She rode cross country on the motorcycle pilgrimage for her fieldwork.
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Chaco Canyon is one of the most inaccessible National Parks in the country. Although it is well-known, there is no easy way to get there and there are no amenities once you arrive. The closest town is 60 miles away. There’s a gas station on the main road, near where you turn off on Highway 550. That’s the last opportunity for gas, water, snacks, sunscreen and supplies.
Furthermore, there is no good road to Chaco Canyon. Bluntly, it feels like an Indiana Jones expedition the moment you turn off the main road. The jolting journey evolves from a deceivingly decent dirt road to not so good to face rattling off your skull for a couple of miles. Also, there's a large wash on the way, which can become impassable during heavy storms. Don’t be daring, because there’s no cell phone reception either.
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New pre-history-related discovery in Euskadi: evidences of mass warfare in Europe 1,000 years prior to previously thought.
Previous research suggested that conflicts during Neolithic consisted of short raids, lasting no more than a few days and involving small groups of up to 20-30 individuals. As a result, researchers assumed that Neolithic societies lacked the logistical capabilities to support larger-scale conflicts. But the results of the latest study have challenged this view.
To investigate this conflict in the Neolithic, the authors of the latest study re-analyzed remains found at the San Juan Ante Portam Latinam rock shelter (Guardia, Araba), which was discovered accidentally in 1985 when a bulldozer was widening a track and uncovered human remains.
Subsequent rescue excavations identified the remains of at least 338 individuals that have been dated to between roughly 5,400 and 5,000 years ago. These people were buried together in a haphazard way, with the bodies found interwoven with each other—some in unusual positions. The remains were found together with 52 flint arrowheads, 64 blades, two polished stone axes, and other artifacts.
Many of the remains—which include both complete and incomplete skeletons—displayed evidence of arrowhead injuries, while researchers also found a single example of unhealed trauma to the skull, or cranium.
Original interpretations of the mass burial site suggested that the individuals found there were a) buried during a 200 years period or b) slaughtered in a massacre—i.e. the indiscriminate killing of helpless or unresisting people. But subsequent studies have challenged previous interpretations suggesting that many of them died in one or more violent conflicts.
The re-examination of the SJAPL remains in the latest study was aimed at identifying new evidence of violence on the bones: they found that males were disproportionately affected by injuries, while also observing an unusual high rate of healed injuries overall.
The bones provided evidence of re-occurring and varied violent events—for example, some individuals showed both healed and unhealed injuries suggesting repeated exposure to violence, while evidence of arrowhead injuries and cranial traumas indicate that they were involved in different types of combat. The remains also suggest that these people experienced social unrest and difficult life conditions, showing signs of malnourishment, anemia and other conditions.
But what was the conflict?
"We think we are seeing the result of a regional inter-group conflict. We suggest that resource competition and social complexity could have been a source of tension, potentially escalating into lethal violence" said Fernández-Crespo the author of the study affiliated with the University of Valladolid, Spain, Aix-Marseille University, France, and the University of Oxford, U.K
"We can conclude that warfare in the Neolithic was much more sophisticated, organized and with the potential to affect the general population than previously thought, which means that there was necessarily a greater socio-economic hierarchy than previously assumed. The study provides evidence of larger-scale, more organized and longer-lasting conflict than previously suspected for the Neolithic, to an extent that had not been observed until 1,000 years later during the Bronze Age."
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Monday, September 18.
History.
Ahh, history. There's been a lot of it. Enough to go around, you might say. There's been a fair few billions of years of this most elusive metaphysical substance, and a few things of note have happened within that time: dinosaurs roamed the Earth, then didn't. Cities emerged. The Greeks ate very well and sh*gged each other senseless, then didn't. The wheel was invented somewhere down the line, as was sliced bread. Dogs were domesticated (as were cats, sort of). Some smart folk put the alphabet together. The printing press was invented. The Industrial Revolution happened and sent us on a violent forward and backward trajectory simultaneously. Will Smith slapped Chris Rock at The Oscars (2022). It's been a busy old time, that's for sure, but the clock keeps-a-tickin', and the wheel keeps-a-turnin'. Come tick along with us as we celebrate all that is strictly past tense: #history.
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She also collected stories from New Orleans. In her introduction to Mules and Men, she wrote, "Florida is a place that draws people - white people from all over the world, and negroes from every Southern state surely and some the North and West."
Hurston documented 70 folktales during the Florida trip, while the New Orleans trip yielded a number of stories about Marie Laveau and voodoo traditions. Many of the folktales are told in vernacular; recording the dialect and diction of the Black communities Hurston studied. She would also go on to study folktales from the Caribbean, including Jamaica and Haiti. Sterling Allen Brown was another writer who also studied folktales and vernacular from the South.
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Hana's New and Improved Western Gender System
You've seen ♂︎ and ♀︎ used for male and female but why stop there when there are 5 (or 7) more astrologically relevant planets?
♂︎: male
♀︎: female
☉: more male
☽: more female
☿: people who care about language (from language-based artists to academics)
♃: people with really nerdy interests
♄: people with a strong sense of justice (both people who carry it out and people who are simply interested in what it is)
You can even include non-classical planets if you want:
⛢: venture capitalists, inventors, and artists
♆: people who are associated with illusion, creating fantasy and lying (actors, performance artists, directors, arg-creators, con-artists, liers, scammers)
♇: people who are associated with death
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According to oral history, the Acoma people lived on top of Enchanted Mesa before moving to their current village atop White Rock Mesa. In the summer, everyone would descend from the mesa to tend crops. The fields, and the springs that provided water, were in the valley below. According to legends, a thunderstorm washed away the sole access, leaving sheer rock cliffs all the way around, so they moved to a neighboring mesa, aka present-day Acoma Sky City.
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"
The function of the “gender critical” scholarship advocated in this session, like the function of the “race science” of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is to advance a “scientific” reason to question the humanity of already marginalized groups of people, in this case, those who exist outside a strict and narrow sex / gender binary.
Transgender and gender diverse identities have long existed, and we are committed to upholding the value and dignity of transgender people. We believe that a more just future is possible—one where gender diversity is welcomed and supported rather than marginalized and policed."
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