#apopofkorean

[a-pop-of-korean]

One-Page Masterlist

안녕하세요! Hey everyone! I recently got an ask about my old masterlist, which is the same as my broken-down masterlist except it has all of my lessons on one page, rather than on multiple separate posts. Some may find this expanded version easier to navigate, so I’ll keep this up for y’all! My broken-up masterlist, of course, will still be available for those who find that more helpful :)

Hangul Lessons

Consonants

Vowels

Writing/Reading Korean Syllables

Some 받침 Rules

Diphthongs

Stroke Order

Some More 받침 Rules

Irregular Verbs

The Basics

Common Phrases

Numbers

Sino-Korean vs. Native Korean Numbers (Instagram Post)

Sentence Structure and Particles

Present-Tense Conjugations and Formal Language

Adjectives

Questions

Honorifics and Casual Language

Beginner

Negative Sentences

잘 and 못

Past Tense

Future Tense (-ㄹ / 을 것이다)

-ㄹ / 을 까요? (Shall we…? / I wonder…?)

-(으)세요 (Giving Commands / Asking Questions)

Telling Time

-고 싶다 (I want to…)

How to Say “And”

-지만 (However)

아/어/여서 (So…)

Negative Commands

Spacing (띄어쓰기)

Adverbs

ㅂ Irregular

Comparatives and Superlatives

난, 날, & 내가

Upper-Beginner

 -(으)면 (If…)

아/어/여도 (Even though…/Even if…)

(으)면 되다 / 아/어/여도 되다 (I can…/You may…)

-아/어도 되다: Asking for and Giving Permission (Instagram post)

-(으)면 되다 & -(으)면 안 되다 (Instagram post)

아/어/여야 되다 and 아/어/여야 하다(Have to / Should)

Present Progressive (-고 있다)

How to Say “Or”

-아/어/여하다

All About 중

How to Use -(으)로

Before & After

-ㄴ/은 채로

Intermediate

Describing Nouns with Verbs (-는 것)

Describing Nouns with Verbs - Past & Future Tense (-ㄴ/은 / -ㄹ/을 것)

Nominalization

것 같다 (I think… / It seems…)

-러 가다 / -러 오다

-(으)려고 (In order to…)

-기로 하다 (to Decide to do Smth)

척하다 (To Pretend)

-게 되다 

-군요 / -구나

아/어/여 보다 (to try…)

-은/ㄴ 적 있다 / 없다 (I have / have not)

-ㄹ/을 게요 (Future Tense)

겠다 

-ㄹ/을 수 있다/없다 (I can / cannot)

-ㄹ/을 때 (When…)

-ㄴ/는다면 (If)

-(으)면서 and -(으)며

-(으)니까 (Because / So)

-아/어/여주다

-(ㄴ/는)다 (Narrative Form)

Quoting

Let’s…

Quoting continued

(으)ㄹ래요? (Wanna…?)

-죠

-대로

More Quoting - 대 & 래

잘하다 & 못하다 vs. 잘 하다 & 못 하다 

-아/어 가지고

-(으)려면

-는 길에 & -는 길이다

-(으)면 vs. -ㄴ/는다면 (Instagram Post)

-았/었을 것이다

-느라고

-는 데(에)

-ㄹ/을 뻔하다

Upper-Intermediate

-ㄴ/는데

-(으)ㄴ/는지 (Whether or not)

-(이)라는…

All About 아무리

-잖아요

Expressing Surprise

-시 (Honorific)

Making Comparisons

-아/어/여지다

I might…

So that…/To the point where…

Causative Verbs

시키다

Passive Verbs (part 1)

Passive Verbs (part 2)

-ㄴ/은가 보다 & -나 보다 (I guess…)

-ㄹ/을수록

Other Meanings of 싶다

-자마자 & -는 대로(As soon as…)

-긴 하다

-치고

-김에

차라리 (Rather)

-(으)ㅁ Nominalization

-기는 무슨 & -기는 개뿔

-고 보니까

-듯(이)

버리다

-(으)면 좋겠다 & -(으)면 하다

-길 바라다

Advanced

-거든(요)

-줄 알다/모르다

-ㄹ/을 테니까 and -ㄹ/을 텐데

-았/었던

아니라 and 대신에

-ㄹ/을 리가 없다

편이다, 별로, and More

-지 그렇다 (Why don’t you…?)

-ㄹ/을 걸

-ㄹ/을 까 보다

-다면서요

-다니 part 1 

-다니 part 2

뜻이다 & 말이다

-다가

-더라고(요)

-더니

Some colloquialisms: 아니시에이팅 and 뭐 이렇게

-(으)ㅁ Sentence Ending

 -다 보니까

What does 따위 mean?

-ㄴ/는데도

Korean Idioms

Vocabulary

Must-Know People

Must-Know Places

Must-Know Things

Must-Know Verbs

Must-Know Adjectives

Countries

Months, Days of the Week, and More

Clothing (옷)

School (학교)

Autumn (가을)

Autumn (w/Pictures!)

More Questions

House / Apartment (집 / 아파트)

Emotions / Feelings ( 감정)

Animals (동물)

Loan / Konglish Words

Food and Drink (먹을 것과 마��� 것)

Parts of the Body (몸)

Counters

Modes of Transportation (교통 수단)

Colors (색깔)

Colors (with Pictures!)

Weather (날씨)

Winter (겨울)

Music & Instruments (음악과 악기)

Baking Gingerbread Cookies

Emergency (비상)

Hygiene & Bathroom (위생 & 화장실)

Indefinite Pronouns

Work / Office (일 / 사무실)

Spring (봄)

Coronavirus Prevention (코로나바이러스 방역)

How to Wash Your Hands (손을 씻기)

Time (시간)

Korean Cuisine (한식)

Summer (여름)

Summer (여름) w/Pictures!

Graduation (졸업)

Identity (독자성)

Korean Text Slang

Similar Words

Makeup w/Pictures! (화장품)

Family (with Pictures!)

Pronouns

How to Say “Still” and “Already” in Korean

Tastes & Textures (맛과 질감)

K-Pop Audition

K-Pop Fandom Terminology

Different Ways to Say “Change”

Flower Names

What Does 원래 Mean?

What does 오히려 Mean?

College

Hanja Lessons

최

수

악

식

급

동

부 & 불

애

출

퇴

예

음

중

학

습

연

생

대

입

인

문

감

과 

원

특 

만

후 

무

Charts

Present, Past, and Future Tense

Question Words

잘 vs. 못 and Negative Conjugations 

Future Tenses 

-았/었던 vs. -던 (at end of lesson)

Particles

Some 받침 Rules

Gifving Commands

Conjunctions and -아/어/여서 vs. -(으)니까

-(으)면 vs. -다/라면 and Different Ways to Say “And”

How to Say “Or” (at end of lesson)

Telling Time (at end of lesson)

Comparatives and Superlatives

잘하다 & 못하다 vs. 잘 하다 & 못 하다 (at end of lesson)

Comparing 잘하다/못하다, 잘 하다/못 하다, & 수 있다/수 없다

Irregular Verbs

Pop Quizzes

Level 1

K-Pop Breakdowns

TXT - “Cat & Dog”

Twice - “Feel Special”

Enhypen - “Fever”

2NE1 - “Go Away”

Lee Hi - “Only”

“기억을 걷는 시간 (Time Spent Walking Through Memories)”

KCM - “An Old Love Story (흑백사진)”

Taeyeon - “Can’t Control Myself”

Epik High - “Lost One”

Colde - “A Song Nobody Knows”

IU - “My Sea”

Enhypen - “Polaroid Love”

유라 (youra) - “하양 (RAL 9002)″

BTS - “Ddaeng”

Stray Kids - “For You”

Woozie - “어떤 미래 (What Kind of Future)

TXT - “Eternally”

LOONA - “Heart Attack”

Stray Kids - “Muddy Water”

LOONA - “Girl Front”

Pentagon - “Daisy”

BTS - “Sea”

Semester in SK

Nami Island (남이섬)

Things to Buy at Daiso

Shopping Phrases

Ordering Coffee

Signs in Korea

Ordering at a Restaurant

Riding the Seoul Subway

Things at the 편의점

Korean Curse Words

Etiquette in South Korea

Drinking Culture

Hanja in Real Life

Holidays in South Korea

Korean Cuisine

Concert Ticketing in South Korea

K-pop Comebacks in Korea

Summer in South Korea

What I Learned

#korean #korean language #hangul #korean grammar #korean vocab #korean vocabulary #learn korean #learning korean #langblr #Korean langblr #masterlist #apok #apopofkorean #study korean #studying korean #kpop #kpop lyrics #basic korean #beginner korean #intermediate korean #advanced korean #hanja #한국어 #한글 #한자 #한국어 공부하기 #한국어 배우기 #한국어 문법 #한국어 어휘 #초급 한국어

[a-pop-of-korean]

hii!! could you please do a lyrical breakdown of Sea by BTS?thank u sm!

Hi! Here it is--thank you for the request and your patience! If anyone else has a request, let me know!

I referred to Naver Dictionary, this video, and Genius's translation of this song to help me out! I will also link my full-length lessons of the grammar points throughout if you want more info on them!

Vocabulary

바다 = Sea

해변 = Beach

모래 = Sand

여전히 = Still

사막 = Desert

들이키다 = To bring close

푸르다 = To be blue

파도 = Wave

느끼다 = To feel

아직도 = Still

바람 = Wind

희망 = Hope

절망 = Despair; hopelessness

진짜 = Real; really

가짜 = Fake

시련 = Hardship; trials

불안하다 = To be anxious

아름답다 = To be beautiful

반드시 = Certainly

신기루 = Mirage

두렵다 = To be afraid

Grammar

I don't know, I don't know / 내가 지금 파도를 느끼고 있는지, yeah / I don't know, I don't know / 아직도 모래바람에 쫓기고 있는지, yeah / I don't know, I don't know / 바다인지 사막인지 희망인지 절망인지 / 진짜인지 가짜인지

I don't know, I don't know / If I'm feeling the sea right now, yeah / I don't know, I don't know / Or if I'm still being chased by the sandstorm, yeah / I don't know, I don't know / Whether it's the sea, the desert, hope, or despair / Whether it's real or fake

-고 있다

This is the present progressive form in Korean. We know it in English as -ing. 느끼다 means "to feel," while 느끼고 있다 means "feeling." 쫓기다 means "to be chased," while 쫓기고 있다 means "being chased."

-ㄴ/는지

This is attached to stems to mean "whether" or "if." In contexts like this, it is used with verbs 알다 (to know) and 모르다 (to not know). The lines 내가 지금 파도를 느끼고 있는지, yeah / I don't know, I don't know, mean "I don't know if I'm feeling the waves right now." To write this in full Korean, you would just put 모르다 after 있는지.

불안하더라도 사막일지라도 / 아름다운 나미브 사막이라고

Even if you're anxious, even if it's a desert / It's the beautiful Namib Desert

-더라도

-더라도 is similar to -아/어/여도 and means "even though/if." I think a difference between the two would be that -더라도 sounds a little stronger, kind of like the word "despite" in English.

희망이 있는 곳엔 반드시 시련이 있네

Where there is hope, there is always hardship

[verb stem] + 는 + [noun]

This is the structure used to describe nouns with verbs (aka putting verbs into their noun-modifying form). 희망 is "hope," 있다 means "to be there," and "곳" means "place." Altogether, it means "the place where hope is" or "where there is hope."

-네(요)

This sentence ending expresses surprise or admiration. In this case, this line could be expressing surprise at the fact that there is always hardship where there is hope.

바다인줄 알았던 여기는 되려 사막이었고 / 별거 없는 중소아이돌이 두번째 이름이었어

I thought this was a sea, but it's a desert / A small, ordinary idol was my second name

-ㄴ/은/는/ㄹ 줄 알다

This structure expresses that you thought something was the case, but in reality, it is not. This line essentially means "I thought this place was a sea but it's a desert." Your original thought conflicts with reality.

[verb stem] + 았/었/였던

This is one way to turn verbs into their noun-modifying form in the past tense. This is pretty similar to just adding -ㄴ/은 to the stem. Use this structure when the action has been completed and you are no longer doing it. 바다인 줄 알았던 여기, to translate literally, means "this place that I thought was a sea." This implies that he no longer thinks that this place is a sea.

울고 싶지 않아 / 쉬고 싶지 않아 / 아니 조금만 쉬면 어때 / 아니 아니 아니 / 지고 싶지 않아 / 원래 사막이잖아 / 그럼 달려야지 뭐 / 더 우울해야지 뭐

I don't want to cry / I don't want to rest / Well how about resting for just a bit? / No no no / I don't want to lose / It's always been a desert / Then I'll run / Then I'll be more depressed

[verb stem] + 고 싶다

This structure means "to want to [verb]." 울고 싶다 means "to want to cry, for example. Attaching -지 않다 to the stem of 싶다 negates it; 울고 싶지 않다 means "to not want to cry."

-(으)면

This structure means "if." 조금만 쉬면 어때 literally means, "how is it if we rest for just a bit?" This essentially means "how about we rest for a bit?"

-잖아(요)

This sentence ending is used when the speaker presents information to the listener that they should already know. It kind of has the nuance of "you know..." 원래 사막이잖아 means "it's always been a desert" and implies that the listener would agree/already knows this fact.

-지 뭐

This is a colloquial way of saying "I guess" or "whatever" or "oh well" according to Go Billy Korean. It expresses that nothing can be done about the situation you're talking about. 그럼 달려야지 뭐 means "so I'll run" and 더 우울해야지 뭐 means "I'll be more depressed" according to the lyric video linked above. This is essentially saying that nothing can be down about this.

That's about it for this breakdown--I hope it was helpful! See you in the next lesson! 화이팅!

My masterlist

Join my Discord chat here to practice Korean with others!

Follow me on Instagram here for more Korean content!

Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link to expand your Korean vocab!

Check out my Ko-Fi to support this blog and my studies! Thank you for your generosity!

#korean #korean language #kpop #kpop lyrics #bts #bts sea #kpop breakdown #korean grammar #korean vocab #korean vocabulary #apok #apopofkorean #langblr #korean langblr #study korean #studying korean #learn korean #learning korean #한국어 #한국어 공부하기 #한국어 배우기 #문법 #어휘 #케이팝 #가사

[a-pop-of-korean]

Hello! I wanted to know about the ways I can ask about Korean while using Korean! Questions that say something like some of these examples:

"What does [word] mean?"

"Is there another way to say this?"

"Does this sound natural?"

"Can you please check my sentences for any errors?"

And etc. I would greatly appreciate the help!

Hi! Great question! I’ll do my best to translate these sentences for you! If any of what I write sounds unnatural and someone knows a better way to express them, please let me know! However, I think people would at least understand these questions, so I hope they help!

[word]이/가 무슨 뜻이에요? = What does [word] mean?

이걸 다른 방법으로 말할 수 있어요? = Can I say this in a different way?

이게 자연스러운가요? = Is this natural?

문장을 오류 좀 확인해 주시겠어요? = Can you please check my sentence(s) for errors?

[word]를 한국어로 어떻게 말해요? = How do you say [word] in Korean?

이게 다른 방법으로 표현할 수 있어요? = Can I express this in a different way?

이 동사를 현재/과거/미래에 활용시켜요? = How do I conjugate this verb in the present/past/future tense?

이걸 어떻게 발음해요? = How do I pronounce this?

I hope this helps! Thanks for the question! 화이팅!

#korean #korean language #korean langblr #apok q&a #apok #apopofkorean #한국어 #korean q&a

[a-pop-of-korean]

Hanja Lesson: 대

안녕하세요! Here’s yet another Hanja lesson; this one’s a little about 대! You can check it out on my Instagram as well and save it for later. I hope it’s helpful! 화이팅!

My masterlist

Join my Discord chat here to practice Korean with others!

Follow me on Instagram here for more Korean content!

Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link to expand your Korean vocab!

Check out my Ko-Fi to support this blog and my studies! Thank you for your generosity!

#korean #korean language #langblr #korean langblr #apok #apopofkorean #hangul #hanja #korean vocab #korean vocabulary #learn korean #learning korean #study korean #studying korean #한국어 #한국어 공부하기 #한국어 배우기 #한자 #한글 #어휘 #단어 #korean lesson #korean resource #한국어 레슨 #레슨

[a-pop-of-korean]

Announcement: Hilokal Streaming!

안녕하세요 여러분! Hey everyone! I'm excited to share with y'all that I have become a Korean language trainer on the app/website Hilokal! Hilokal is a platform where you can join tables led by trainers, which are essentially voice chatrooms, and learn another language with others! Trainers are either native speakers or foreigners who speak the target language, so I was kindly invited to be a foreign Korean teacher :)

Hilokal has tables for learners of many different languages and all levels. It's just voice chatting (there's no video), and you can choose to not talk at all and/or communicate using the written chat feature, or you can unmute and practice speaking! Tables have their own topics -- they can be just chatting in the target language or learning specific vocabulary or grammar.

I already had one session last week as a bit of a test run, and I had a lot of fun! The people who showed up and participated were lovely and we got through quite a bit of content imo! I'd love to see more of you there, so if you're interested in learning some Korean grammar (which I will probably be primarily teaching), please join! You can see my profile and follow me here so you can keep up with when I will be streaming. My username is apopofkorean :) My next scheduled table is tomorrow, Wednesday, May 18th at 4 PM EST. I have yet to figure out an exact regular schedule, but my summer break from school has begun so I hope to stream pretty often in the next few months. Hope to see some of y'all there! 감사합니다!

#apok #korean #korean language #korean langblr #한국어 #hilokal #learn korean #learning korean #study korean #studying korean

[a-pop-of-korean]

Hilokal Schedule: 8.15.2022 - 8.21.2022

안녕하세요! Here’s my Hilokal schedule for the upcoming week. Click here to learn more about what Hilokal is and click here or search up apopofkorean on Hilokal to check out my profile! Click here or search A Pop of Korean Cafe! to join my cafe as well!

I’m located in the Eastern time zone, so all of the dates and times listed are in Eastern Time. If you want to join my sessions, I recommend checking my page first so you know when the sessions begin in your own time zone :) You can click on the links to the sessions below to check them out! I hope to see y’all there! 감사합니다!

Wednesday, August 17th @ 12 PM ET: 52nd TOPIK I Practice: 읽기

Join to work together on the reading section of the 52nd TOPIK I exam!

Thursday, August 18th @ 12 PM ET: 52nd TOPIK I Practice: 읽기

Join to continue working together on the reading section of the 52nd TOPIK I exam!

#korean #korean language #korean class #korean lesson #hilokal #topik #korean topik #speak korean #speaking korean #learn korean #learning korean #study korean #studying korean #korean comprehension #korean grammar #korean vocab #korean vocabulary #한국어 #한국어 수업 #한국어 레슨 #한국어 공부하기 #한국어 배우기 #한국어 말하기 #한국어 문법 #한국어 어휘

[a-pop-of-korean]

잘 vs. 못 and Negative Conjugations Charts

Hey everyone! I’m back with more charts!! I hope you all find them useful! :) This time we have a chart contrasting 잘 and 못, and another showing how to negate sentences! 

BTW, I just moved into my dorm at college so it’s been a busy week lol. But I think I’ll still be able to put out content regularly! Just letting y’all know in case some of my posts seem a little lazy or something which I apologize in advance for! :)

If you want to see full-length lessons on these topics, here they are!

Level 1 / Lesson 1: Negative Sentences

Level 2 / Lesson 2: 잘 and 못

Here are the charts!

Feel free to ask me any questions you may have!!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

#korean #korean language #korean langblr #learn korean #learning korean #study korean #studying korean #studyblr #langblr #studywithme #hangul #kpop #kdrama #korean grammar #한국어 #한국말 #한글 #한국어 공부하기 #공부하기 #공부 #한국어 공부

[a-pop-of-korean]

Question Words Chart

안녕하세요 여러분! Hey everyone! After seeing how much you all liked my conjugation charts, I decided to make some more!! The chart I’ll be sharing with you today is one all about question words! 

I also made a new section on my masterlist designated for the charts I make so you can easily find them :) Hope they help!!

Also, some of these question words may seem very similar and you may have trouble deciding when to use which one. I recommend checking out the following lessons if you want some more info on how to do that! 

The Basics #6: Questions

Vocabulary: More Questions

I hope these charts help you guys out!! Let me know of any other kinds of charts you’d like to see!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

#korean #korean language #korean vocabulary #korean vocab #hangul #learn korean #learning korean #study korean #studying korean #studywithme #studyblr #langblr #korean langblr #studyspo #study inspo #한국어 #한국말 #한글 #한국어 공부하기 #한국어 공부 #공부하기 #같이 공부하자 #한국어 배우기

[a-pop-of-korean]

Vocabulary: Korean Text Slang

안녕하세요 여러분! Hey everyone! This week I have a short vocab list to show you all! It’s been a long time since I’ve made one so I’m excited to share this! I recently got an ask about Korean text slang, so I’ve compiled a few text shorthand words/acronyms! I listed the shorthand, the full Korean word, and the English translation or shorthand equivalent.

Also, I finally got a stylus for my touch-screen laptop, so I decided to hand-write this one! I know my Korean handwriting is kinda ugly but I think you all will still be able to read it lol. I hope you all enjoy!! (Also I know the formatting is really weird cus these photos are HUGE but at least you’ll be able to see them really well LOL).

I hope this list was helpful :) Let me know what you think!!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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Charts: Particles

안녕하세요!! Hey everyone! I have some more charts for y’all -- all about topic, subject, and object particles! I hope these help you get a little organized if you struggle with distinguishing between them. Hopefully these clarify a bit!

Also, if you want some more info about this topic check out this lesson!

The Basics #3: Sentence Structure and Particles

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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Vocabulary: Autumn (w/Pictures!)

안녕 여러분!! Hey everyone! I thought it’d be kinda fun to learn some Korean vocab through pictures, since for some learners that’s very helpful! So I made some artwork (I’m not an artist at all btw this is just for fun lol) to illustrate some Korean words related to autumn! I have a full list of fall vocab right here, but this post has some of those words drawn out, which I hope helps you guys retain them a little better!! Also, you can find these pics on my Instagram @apopofkorean, so please check that out and follow me! :) I hope you enjoy!! 

Let me know what you think of this kind of post, cus I’d love to draw some more cute pictures for y’all :) 가을에 대해 뭘 제일 좋아해요? 한국말로 댓글 써 보세요! What do you like most about the fall? Comment it in Korean!!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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Level 9 / Lesson 7: 편이다, 별로, and More

안녕하세요 여러분! Hey everyone! This week’s lesson is going to be a pretty simple one -- it’s all about how to say “quite” or “pretty,” as in “that’s pretty good.” Let’s get started!

편이다

Let’s start with learning about 편이다. The word 편 means “side, direction, or way.”  Here are some examples from Naver Dictionary:

저는 반대편으로 갑니다. = I’m going in the opposite direction.

그 들판의 왼쪽 편 = The left side of the field.

So what does this have to do with saying something like “that’s quite expensive?” Let’s start by looking at a formula:

[adjective stem] + ㄴ/은 편이다 = to be on the [adjective] side / to be rather [adjective]

Attach -ㄴ 편이다 to stems ending in a vowel.

Attach -은 편이다 to stems ending in a consonant.

So we can see just by looking at the formula that 편이다 is used to mean that something is on the expensive side, for instance. Let’s see some examples!

그는 기가 큰 편이예요. = He’s on the tall side. / He’s quite tall. / He’s pretty tall.

이 레스터랑이 비싼 편이지만 좋지 않아요. = This restaurant is pretty expensive, but it’s not good. / This restaurant is on the expensive side, but I don’t like it.

그 여자아이가 수줍은 편이니까 얘기하게 하지 마세요. = That girl is on the shy side, so don’t make her talk. / She’s pretty shy, so don’t make her speak.

쉬운 편이죠? Pretty easy, right? Let’s move on!

꽤

Let’s talk about 꽤 now. I’m sure you’re pretty familiar with words like 정말, 진짜, 아주, 너무, 많이, which mean “very, really, a lot, too, so,” and stuff, and also 좀/조금, which means “a little.” But sometimes you want something right in the middle. That’s what 꽤 is for!

꽤 essentially means “pretty, quite or rather.” It can be used to make sentences very similar in meaning to those with 편이다. It can also be used with both verbs and adjectives, whereas 편이다 is mainly used for adjectives. For example:

(from Naver Dictionary) 나는 오페라를 꽤 좋아한다. = I quite like opera. 

이 영화가 꽤 재미있네요. = This movie is pretty interesting.

저는 한국어를 꽤 오랫동안 공부했어요. = I’ve been studying Korean for a fairly long time.

별로

I wanted to introduce another useful word that you hear a lot in Korean: 별로. 별로 means “not really,” essentially. It can be used in many different ways, so let’s just jump right into some sentences!

그 책이 별로 좋지 않아요. = That book isn’t that good. / I don’t really like that book.

지금 드는 수업이 별로야. = The class I’m taking right now isn’t that good. / I don’t like the class I’m taking right now too much.

거기에 별로 안전한 곳 아니예요. = That place isn’t incredibly safe. / It’s not that safe of a place there.

저는 선생이여서 돈이 별로 없어요. = I’m a teacher, so I don’t have that much money. 

유튜브를 별로 안 봐. = I don’t watch that much YouTube. / I don’t really watch YouTube.

Important Note: I want to draw your attention to what seems like a double negative here. While 별로 means “not really,” you still have to negate the rest of the sentence because you are saying you don’t do something or that something is not really an adjective. In other words, 별로 on its own isn’t enough, so you have to modify the rest of the sentence! Hope that makes sense! 

That’s about it for this lesson! 한국어를 공부하는 게 꽤 재미있죠! Studying Korean is pretty fun, right?

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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Level 9 / Lesson 6: -ㄹ/을 리가 없다

안녕하세요! Hey everyone! Today I have a pretty easy-to-understand lesson for you today, so let’s just get right into it!

Sometimes in English we say “there’s no way I failed that test” or “there’s no way they broke up,” or something like that. In Korean, we can say sentences meaning “there’s no way...” using the following formula:

Present Tense: [verb / adjective stem] + ㄹ/을 리가 없다

Past Tense: [verb / adjective stem] + 았 / 었 + 을 리가 없다

리 is (I believe) a Korean noun that, while having no meaning on its own, means “way” or “possibility” if some sort of modifier precedes it, and 가 is a subject particle --> 리가 없다 = there is no way

Let’s see some examples!

공부도 안 했는데 그 시험에서 100점을 받을 리가 없어요. = There is no way I can get a hundred on that test because I didn’t even study.

백현 씨는 수줍은 많은데 사람들 앞에 연설을 할 리가 없어요. = Baekhyun is really shy, there’s no way he can give a speech in front of others.

저는 하루 종일 자서 아직 졸릴 리가 없어요. = I slept all day, so there’s no way I can still be sleepy.

그 사람이 의사예요. 가난할 리가 없어요. = He’s a doctor. There’s no way he can be poor.

박 선생님이 일을 이렇게 많이 맡겼을 리가 없어요. = There’s no way that Teacher (Mr./Ms.) Park assigned this much work. 

넌 너무나 인색한데 돈을 그렇게 많이 썼을 리가 없잖아. = You’re so cheap, there’s no way you spent that much money.

그럴 리가 없어요. = No way. / I can’t believe it. / That can’t be. (this is a pretty common phrase)

Pretty simple, right? You can also use this structure with double negatives, as in to say “there is no way something did not happen.”

예지 씨는 정말 똑똑한데 하버드 대학에 들어가지 않았을 리가 없어요. = Yeji is really smart -- there’s no way she didn’t get into Harvard.

시간이 많아서 끝내지 않을 리가 없어요. = You have a lot of time, so there’s no way you won’t finish.

이 노래가 인기 진짜 많아. 모를 리가 없어. = This song is really popular. There’s no way you don’t know it.

그 건물이 정말 크니까 못 볼 리가 없어요. = That building is really big, so you can’t not see it.

Now that we’ve got that down, let’s move onto our next point!

-ㄹ / 을 리가 있다

You can also add -ㄹ / 을 리가 있다 to verb/adjective stems to say that there is a possibility that something could be. Typically, this is used to ask rhetorical questions or something like that, such as “is it possible for him to fail the test even though he’s really smart?” which may also be translated to “there’s no way he failed the test because he’s so smart,” just like our previous examples if that makes sense. (My source for this conclusion is the Korean Wiki Project!) For example:

(from KWP) 그렇게 똑똑한 사람이 그런일을 할리가 있어요? = Would a man that smart do such a thing? / Is it possible that a man so smart would do that? / There’s no way a person so smart would do that.

공부도 안 했는데 그 시험에서 100점을 받을 리가 있어요? = Is it possible that I can get 100 of the test even though I didn’t study? / There is no way I can get a hundred on that test because I didn’t even study.

시간이 많은데 끝내지 않을 리가 있어요? = You have a lot of time, so there’s no way you won’t finish. / You have a lot of time, but is there a chance you won’t finish? 

넌 너무나 인색한데 돈을 그렇게 많이 썼을 리가 있어? = You’re so cheap, there’s no way you spent that much money. / You’re so cheap, is there any way you spent that much money? / Could it be that you spent that much money even though you’re so cheap?

I think that’s all I wanted to share for now! I think this is a pretty useful but simple structure to use, so I hope it all makes sense! As always, feel free to ask any questions you may have!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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Level 9 / Lesson 4: -았/었던

안녕 여러분! Welcome to this next Level 9 lesson! We’re going to learn about a structure that I got an ask about the other day, and it’s actually kind of a useful structure so I thought I’d make a full lesson on it! 시작해 볼까요?

First, let’s get a formula down:

[verb / adjective stem] + 았/었던 + [noun]  

Attach -았던 to stems whose last vowel isㅏ or ㅗ

Attach -었던 to stems whose last vowel is anything but ㅏ or ㅗ

Okay, let’s talk about its usage now! Essentially, -았/었던 is another way to describe nouns with verbs in the past tense. It’s pretty similar to attaching -ㄴ/은 to a verb stem, but it’s a little different. Let’s see how!

Using -았/었던

Let’s look at two sentences:

지난 주에 본 영화 다시 보고 싶어요. = I want to see the movie that I saw last week again.

지난 주에 봤던 영화 다시 보고 싶어요. = I want to see the movie that I saw last week again.

The first one uses -ㄴ/은 to mean “movie that I saw.” This is just the plain past tense way of describing a noun with an adjective. The second one, on the other hand, uses -았/었던 to do this. This gives the nuance that you already finished the movie and no longer are watching it, hence why you want to watch it again. Perhaps with the first sentence, maybe you fell asleep halfway through the movie and didn’t finish it and thus would like to. But with the second one, -았/었던 implies that you’ve finished the movie already. Hope that makes sense!!

You can also use these for adjectives (there are some examples below) to imply that while something was once [adjective], it no longer is.

Let’s see some more examples!!

제가 했던 숙제를 선생님한테 줬어요. = I gave the homework I did to the teacher.

Implies that you completely finished the homework.

어렸을 때 많이 읽었던 책은 낸시 드류라고 했어요. = The books I read a lot when I was young were called Nancy Drew.

You finished reading the entire Nancy Drew series and no longer do.

기가 작았던 남자아이 갑자기 커졌어요. = The boy that was short suddenly grew.

The boy is no longer short, so you can use -았/었던.

뉴욕시에서 코로나바이러스때문에 바빴던 거리가 이제는 텅 비어요. = Due to the coronavirus, the once-busy streets are now empty in New York City. 

The streets are empty compared to how they once were.

Using Just -던

It is indeed possible to only add -던 to verb stems (not so much adjective stems as this sounds unnatural according to howtostudykorean.com). Let’s see an example to demonstrate the difference between these two methods:

지난 주에 봤던 영화 다시 보고 싶어요. = I want to see the movie that I saw last week again.

어렸을 때 보던 영화 보고 싶어요. = I want to see the movie that I used to watch when I was young. 

I think the distinction between these two is pretty clear -- the first one suggests an action that you completed in the past. The second one, just using -던, implies that you used to do something repeatedly. The first one just kind of means that you did it once and got it over with. Here’s another one:

(from koreantopic.com) 아까 보던 신문을 여기에 두었는데 혹시 못 보셨어요? = I put the newspapers I was reading earlier here, did you see it?

Here, -던 has a different usage. It implies that you were doing something in the past but have not yet completed it. In this example, you were reading the paper earlier but didn’t finish it, hence why you’re looking for it now. The action may not have ended in the past unlike with -았/었던. 

To Summarize

Here’s a chart that I hope summarizes this lesson well!

That’s about it for this lesson!! Hope it helped!

If you want to practice writing and reading Korean with others, join my Discord chat here and my Tumblr chat here! Don’t forget to follow my Instagram @apopofkorean too!

Want to expand your Korean vocabulary and get closer to fluency? Get Drops Premium using my affiliate link!

If you would like to donate and support my studies, check out my Ko-Fi! Thank you for your generosity! See you next time! 다음에 봐요!

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