#Causes of Hydrocephalus

[asianneurocentre]

दिमाग में पानी भर जाने का इलाज | Hydrocephalus Treatment in Hindi

दिमाग की थैलियों में पानी भर जाने के कारण मस्तिष्क में सूजन पैदा होने लगती है। इसका इलाज संभव है। समय से इलाज शुरू न होने पर यह स्तिथि और गंभीर हो जाती है। मस्तिष्क कार्य करना बंद कर देता है और जान को खतरा भी हो सकता है।

दिमाग के अंदर किसी तरह की रुकावट से यह बीमारी जन्मजात हो सकती है जैसे दिमाग की टीबी होने से, समय से पूर्व पैदा हुए बच्‍चों के मस्तिष्क में खून बहने से, ब्रेन ट्यूमर होने से और ब्रेन हैमरेज होने पर भी यह बीमारी हो सकती है।

इसमें मस्तिष्क में अधिक द्रव जमा होने से दबाव बढ़ जाता है, जिससे मस्तिष्क खराब हो सकता है। दिमाग में पानी भर जाने का इलाज कई अलग-अलग तरीकों से किया जा सकता है। ज्यादातर मामलों में इसका इलाज सर्जरी ऑपरेशन करके ही किया जाता है।

हाइड्रोसिफेलस का इलाज | Treatment of Hydrocephalus

दिमाग में पानी भरने का इलाज करना बहुतही आवश्यक है यदि इसका इलाज न किआ जाए तो समस्या बढ़ सकती है। मस्तिष्क को क्षति पहुंचे इस से पहले इलाज होना जरुरी है| आगे होने वाली मस्तिष्क में खराबी को रोकने के लिए इलाज किया जाता है।

दवाएं: यदि यह स्थिति किसी इन्फेक्शन से जुडी है तो इस स्थिति को दवाओं की मदद से ठीक किया जा सकता है। यदि इन्फेक्शन का इलाज करने के बाद भी आपको राहत नहीं मिलती है तो डॉक्टर आपको ऑपरेशन करनवाने की सलाह दे सकते है।

अधिक जानकारी प्राप्त करें "हाइड्रोसेफलस क्या है?" से संबंधित:

और संपर्क करें 9111234529

#दिमाग में पानी भर जाने का इलाज #Hydrocephalus Treatment in Hindi #हाइड्रो सिफलिस क्या होता है #दिमाग में पानी भर जाने से क्या होता है #दिमाग से पानी कैसे निकाला जाता है #सीएसएफ द्रव क्या है #Hydrocephalus Treatment #हाइड्रोसिफ़लस के कारण #Causes of Hydrocephalus

[jesuisgourde]

well the vague anxiety about my brain potentially being in the middle of exploding has sort of penetrated my subconscious because last night (this morning) i had a dream about the tube that is in reality in my head/abdomen somehow perforating through my stomach and then I had to stand there and pinch the end of it closed to keep my brain juice from leaking out so that was a new strange dream

#rarely does my hydrocephalus even enter my thoughts and i almost never dream (or at least remember them) so this is a novel moment #i guess i should call a neurologist tomorrow and schedule an appointment just in case #even though i'm like 97% sure it's a posture/neck problem and not a shunt problem #like i said before having a rare medical condition is weird!! especially when said condition rarely actually causes immediate problems!!

[pinnakoladda]

head hurts, time to listen to mig- *SHOTGUN*

#i dont even have migraines #just hydrocephalus causing headaches all the time #lol #Spotify

[pussy-ache]

i really wanna get this MRI over with

#like just tell me if i have a tumor or not #or like. hydrocephalus. #what if i’ve had a series of silent strokes? #silent strokes can happen numerous times with little to no symptoms #and the symptoms that do occur like … blurry vision ot memory issues are commonly explained by other things so it’s often missed #and usually only caught after the fact in CTs and MRIs after the brain chemistry has already been damaged beyond repair #spelling issues and word placement are REALLY common with me lately and that’s ….. not me. i’m starting to get worried #so many MRIs of the brain i book come back with cerebral ischemia diagnoses at the very LEAST #silent strokes and ischemia cause depression and depression is incredibly common after the fact #i need answers

[lesbiandanhowell]

i know you all follow me for my silly fandom thoughts and the occasional big brain idea, but this one is important to me so if you have a minute PLEASE READ

the last four years have been the absolute worst years of our lives for my family and it's been tragedy after tragedy and now medical expenses have gone beyond what's doable for us alone.

my cousin has started a campaign to help her and her husband continue living and caring for their kids after she was paralyzed waist down during the birth of their twin babies

so far they've been able to get money through health insurance programs but it won't be extended beyond april 28th so they are desperate for help

please donate if you are able to or help with a reblog, thank you!

as the page is in german i've summarized and translated the pages description:

Julia and her husband Christopher are parents of a 4 year old son and discovered the joyful news to be pregnant again last year, with twins!

Both babies developed perfectly and in the 38th week Julia goes to the hospital with contractions. Having good experiences with an epidural during the birth of her first son, Julia asks for an epidural, which is when things start to go wrong.

She feels sudden pain, like being electrocuted in her right leg and begins to feel numb, unable to move any part of her lower body. At this point one of the twins heart sounds create concern and the decision for an emergency c-section is made.

After waking up from surgery Julia has three healthy babies, but can no longer feel or move her legs.

Despite being paralyzed, fevers and endless exams she tries caring for the babies, but after two weeks the twins leave the hospital without her.

Tragedy continues when unbearable headaches, a lack of vision and consciousness prompt a CT scan that shows a Hydrocephalus, a condition in which excessive fluids in the brain cause pressure within the skull. Another emergency surgery to place a drain to relief the pressure on the brain is followed by a third surgery for placing a shunt, a permanent solution for the pressure regulation.

It is now 13/04/2024 and Julia has not been home since 06/12/2023, while her husband cares for all three kids.

So far this has been possible as Julia's father in law has been on leave from work as a domestic helper and his loss of earnings is reimbursed by the health insurance company. This funding is to be cut without any chance of extension by April 28th 2024.

Julia is still in inpatient rehab trying to regain mobility and learning to walk again, while her husband is at maximum capacity caring for two infants and a toddler.

The money goes towards providing help in continuing to employ a domestic helper, so he can concentrate on child care while Julia focuses on recovery as well as making their home wheelchair accessible.

please help if you can

#pls rb #i don't love getting personal on tumblr but this is bigger than me #please help in any way you can #sam talks #pinned #mutual aid

[maddisandy]

September is Chiari Malformation Awareness Month!

Hi yes hello! Since many people probably aren't aware of it, I wanted to bring attention to something we ourselves have called chairi malformation at the start of its awareness month! Its recognized with a purple ribbon usually with a zipper on it (for the zipper scars of those who've had Chiari surgery)

What is Chiari Malformation?

Chiari (key-arr-ee) Malformation is a brain malformation in which the brain is too large, skull is too small, or some combination on the both, causing the cerebellar tonsils (and in some instances the brain stem) to slip through the skull and into the spinal chord.

Chiari is most typically a congenital effect. There are two main types (though they aren't the only ones). The most common of the two us Chiari 1, in which only the cerebellar tonsils are descended through the skull. The second most common, Chiari 2 (also known as Arnold-Chiari malformation) has more tissue herniation in the cerebellar tonsils and even the cerebellum, as well as brain stem herniation as well.

(See Below, the Cerebellar tonsils are marked in red while the brainstem is marked in green and yellow. This is considered a normal MRI)

Chiari malformation is likely to occur in 1 in 1,000 people, making it uncommon but not rare. The statistics are likely to be slightly higher than that for Chiari 1, as many people don't present symptomatically (and many incidents are only found in cases where the person was receiving radiological imaging for other instances such as head injury, so many people are unaware they had Chiari to begin with).

The only way to diagnose Chiari is through radiological imaging (many arguing upright MRI specifically is the only proper way to view the real level pf herniation). Herniation is measured down from the McRae line to the lowest point on the cerebellar tonsils. Depending on the accuracy of the machine (and which imaging tool is used) herniation can appear at different levels at different times. (See below, my first MRI looks markedly less in comparison to my second MRI, which features a roughly drawn on McRae line. In the second image I was noted to have a 7-8mm herniation.)

Symptoms

Chiari is marked by a number of symptoms and commorbidities, even moreso depending on the type you have. Symptoms can occur at any level of herniation. Some people with Chiari can have a 3mm descent and have debilitating symptoms, while some may have a 15 mm descent and be completely asymptomatic. The most common of these is occipital headaches & migraines, ranging from mild to severe, but many more are possible. These range from...

Balance Issues

Dizziness & Vertigo

Neck & Shoulder Pain

Difficulty Swallowing

Sore Throat

Sleep Apnea

Nausea & Vomitting

Tinnitus & Hearing Loss

Blurred Vision, Visual Snow, & Vision Loss

Muscle Weakness

Numbness or Pins & Needles (Caused by Nerve Damage)

Poor Motor Skills

Fatigue

Cognitive Difficulties (including but not limited to Brain Fog, Memory Problems, Confusion, & Difficulty Speaking)

Insomnia

Photophobia/Light Sensitivity

Syncope, Fainting, & Drop Attacks

Seizures

Dysautonomia

Since the cerebellar tonsils block the opening to the base of the skull, Chiari can halt the proper flow of CSF (Cerebral Spinal Fluid) between the brain and the spinal chord. Because of this, Syringomylia (cysts filled with CSF formed on the spine called Syrinxs) is considered common with Chiari. Other common disorders with Chiari are Scoliosis, EDS & Cervicocranial Instability, POTS, Tethered Spinal Chord Syndrome, Spina bifida, & Hydrocephalus.

So What's the Solution?

Well, the only known solution for Chiari as of right now is surgery. This surgery is called posterior fossa decompression-- in which a small portion of the base of the skull is removed from the Chiari patient to relieve pressure and give more room for the brain. The surgeon can then do for sone patients a duraplasty, in which the dura (or opening of the brain) is cut open and a patch of tissue is sewed into the incision to make the dura bigger and give even more room for the brain. Surgery can also be done as a preventative measure against syrinxes for those without them. In the case the patient also has a syrinx, more surgical procedure can be done to drain the cyst. In patients with EDS, special procedures must be made to avoid surgical complications and making things worse.

Surgery is not guaranteed to completely alleviate symptoms, but typically helps with some. However, due to large misunderstanding and disagreement on proper diagnostic traits of Chiari from doctors (most typically neurologists and neurosurgeons) many may be denied surgery for a number of years, and Chiari Diagnosis can take on an average of 4 years to officially receive.

Some go years experiencing symptoms and having "low lying cerebellar tonsils" (or similar language, such as incidental tonsillar ectopia) noted on their radiology reports without doctors officially recognizing it as Chiari. In this time many are misdiagnosed with other disorders such as chronic headaches, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, and more before finally finding a doctor who will listen. Many will brush off the radiological findings as just a difference in your brain being formed at birth before admitting the symptoms can be due to Chiari. It can take years of your own patient advocacy before someone finally listens.

This is why awareness to it is so important, in hopes of reaching other people and doctors and forming a stronger understanding of the condition from information found by experts on it and those with Chiari themselves. With more awareness comes more accessibility to treatment and surgery so those who are symptomatic can hopefully find some relief. So this month send a little love & luck to those with Chiari!

#chiari #chiari malformation #chiari awareness #neurological disability #disabled #disability #disability awareness

[sonicfanthenightfury5099]

Will you write more head canons for Werewolf Jason some day? Please, I'm in love with this big scary fluffy boy 🥺💕

More of big boi Jason? Alright 👍

More Werewolf! Jason Voorhees headcannons

Smut mentioned Minors DNI

First one

Jason doesn't love the water (the whole drowned thing), really scared by the thought of bathing is a constant thing he's afraid of drowning in the shower. But you managed to start small before he knew it he was having shared bathing time with you

Depending on if it's by accident or if you had to check his Wolf forme fur, he may have bugs in his thick fur. You managed to catch early signs of maggots in his undead fur. (You clean the infestation before it got out of hand. Trust me, it's not a pretty site to see. ×_×)

Jason's mother is around but not physically, but spirituality

His favorite pastime is feeding the deer that come by his home.

You always wonder if he's thinking about you and him being together in marriage. Maybe someday.

Jason would be out longer than usual till he comes back to the cabin when trespassers come to his territory

He was always told that sex was a naughty thing you shouldn't do. But you told him that what he was told was outdated and people were doing it before marriage cause wanted to wait that long?

(NSFW) Jason is big, and he knows it. He goes gently on you cause he doesn't want to hurt you and tear something.

(NSFW) slow and passionate during sex, He'll be at it for hours till he releases his creamy load into you.

He knows romantic things from his mother. She knows how to treat a girl and what to give them as gifts. (A lot of flowers cause when you live in the woods you're going to see soo mamy)

One point, he caught a rabbit in his wolf jaws and brought it home for you. At first, you were crossed at him for nearly hurting the poor bunny, but after you took the bun bun to Nurse back to health.

Jason and the thought of having a baby with you gives him mixed feelings, one he definitely wants to have a baby with you, but the nagging thought that they'll be bullied or worse, ending up with the same problems he suffering with. Hydrocephalus being one of them.

Sign language is his form of communication even can do it in wolf form

He knows how to cook, his mama didn't raise a boy who doesn't know how to cook. He knows how to make his favorites. (Has a little garden next to his Cabin)

#fridaythe13th #werewolf #jasonvoorhees #jason voorhees x reader

[scotianostra]

On February 6th 1665, Queen Anne, last of the Stuart monarchs, was born.

Anne had seventeen children during her life but not one survived to succeed her.

She spent her early years in France living with her aunt and grandmother. Although Anne’s father was a Catholic, on the instruction of Charles II Anne and her sister Mary were raised as Protestants.

In 1683, Anne married Prince George of Denmark. It was to be a happy marriage, although marred by Anne’s frequent miscarriages, still births and the death of children in infancy. She had many ailments during her life, one of which I can connect with, gout! A very painful form of arthritis, treatable nowadays but I know the pain and it is no surprise to hear she was carried around the court in a sedan chair, one source says

“she grew exceeding gross and corpulent. There was something of majesty in her look, but mixed with a gloominess of soul”

As I said earlier she there were seven times she miscarried and five children were stillborn, the only child to make it beyond being classed as an infant still died at 11, which must have been devastating for the couple.

Of the others, Mary died at just 17 months of smallpox, Anne Sophia was just 9 months when she passed away. William lived the longest and it must have been so hard on Anne, he was taken ill at his 11th birthday party when he complained of feeling tired, it was thought he was just tired from his exertions during the party where he had been dancing, later that night he had a sore throat and chills, followed by a severe headache and a high fever the next day. It wasn't till three days later a physician examined him and he was "bled", this was an ancient ritual and the young prince endured the withdrawal of blood from him in what was meant to cure or prevent illness and disease. His condition worsened and a second doctor visited on the morning of the 28th, that evening a third physician, the Queen's own, John Ratcliffe attended the boy. The three agree on a diagnosis, Scarlet fever, Smallpox were talked about, remedies of "cordial powders and cordial juleps" were administered and William was bled once more, to which Ratcliffe strongly objected to saying "you have destroyed him and you may finish him". Ratcliffe prescribed blistering substances, a painful method of draining away the black bile. Again it did not help his condition and he spent that night "in great sighings and dejections of spirits ... towards morning, he complained very much of his blisters."

Anne, who had spent an entire day and night by her son's bedside, now became so distressed that she fainted. However, by midday on 29th July he seemed to rally he was breathing more easily and his headache had diminished, leading to hopes that he would recover. The improvement was fleeting, and that evening, he was "taken with a convulsing sort of breathing, a defect in swallowing and a total deprivation of all sense". Prince William died close to 1 a.m. on 30th July 1700, with his parents beside him. In the end, the physicians decided the cause of death was "a malignant fever". An autopsy revealed severe swelling of the lymph nodes in the neck and an abnormal amount of fluid in the ventricles of his brain: "four and a half ounces of a limpid humour were taken out." A modern diagnosis is that he died of acute bacterial pharyngitis, with associated pneumonia. Had he lived, though, it is almost certain the prince would have succumbed to complications of his hydrocephalus.

Not to be put off the Queen gave birth to Mary on the 14th October 1690, the poor child was two months premature, and lived for only about two hours. George followed two years later, he lived a few minutes, just long enough to be baptised. A sad tale of trying to give her husband an heir.

Anne died on August 1st 1714 after a series of strokes, without that heir prompting parliament to pass the Act of Settlement to ensure a Protestant succession. Anne was therefore succeeded by the German Protestant prince George, Elector of Hanover.

The Stuart line of Kings and Queens was at an end, although many supporters of the Stuarts refused to recognise the Hanoverian succession giving rise to the Jacobite uprisings of the 18th century

#scotland #scottish #anglo-scottish #england #the stuarts

[fakeosphere]

Hello, I'm from Gaza, my little daughter Nour has hydrocephalus and seizures, we are now in a tent in very bad conditions, and every thing destroyed our house, hospitals and physiotherapy centers 😔 I'm waiting your reply hope you will support Nour as she's a palestinian child needs your urgent help because the seizures attacks have increased, and hospitals don't receive her because of the huge number of injuries and martyrs. She must see a neurosurgeon soon to adjust the doses of the antiseizure medications. Also she needs CT scan and MRI to ensure that the shunt is working well. She also needs to continue Physiotherapy ASAP and Occupational therapy sessions to enable her to stand and take her first steps. Please support my campaign because Nour needs special care out of Gaza war, GOAL $1350

maybe it's just my millennial era cynicism but I just wanted to include this as an example to this post cause i just had a feeling. what a thing to run game on.

https://www.tumblr.com/kyra45/748856625293557760/scammer-pretending-to-be-palestinian-v4?source=share

@kyra45

#scam #Palestine

[flyonthewallmedstudent]

Cysticercosis

I had to double check the spelling about 10x. Still mispelled this about 100x.

More specifically, I'm interested in learning 5-10 mins of disseminated cystericercosis today. Following my post on motivation and building better habits.

Source: NEJM

Not to be confused with the intestinal/GI form of taeniasis, classically, via eating uncooked pork that contains the larval form/cyst of the parasite: taenia solium. Aka, Pork Tapeworm (don't click on the link if you don't want to know what a tapeworm looks like). Also related to taenia saginata (beef tapeworm), except solium can also have the extra GI manifestations.

In cysticercosis, the eggs have to have contaminated food/water/surfaces (following the faecal oral route). It's rare in developed countries or places where there is more highly regulated hygiene practices. Chances are higher where pigs have access to human faeces (and eat it) and also in rural areas. Unfortunately it is going to be more common in developing countries.

Incubation time: 2 months for eggs to develop into tapeworm and produce cysts throughout the body. Symptom onset may take months to years. The cysts then spread haematogenously (via bloodstream) to various tissues - including skin, brain, eyes and muscle.

When it affects the brain and spine, it's considered neurocysticercosis. Symptoms present as seizures, ataxia and confusion. Fairly nonspecific but in keeping with space occupying lesions and their sequelae (i.e. hydrocephalus). High mortality due to said seizures, hydrocephalus and cerebral oedema (brain swelling always bad in a space like the cranium that cannot expand - hence craniotomies to decompress in event of swelling, if caught in time).

Another gem, it is a common cause of epilepsy in developing countries (and hence worldwide). "30% of all epilepsy in endemic areas" as per the WHO.

Tests: IgG for cystericercosis (or serology), CSF and MRI/CT in neurocysticercosis. For taeniasis, standard is asking for stool mcs + ova/cysts

Treatment is anti parasitics and anti inflammatories if severe (i.e. steroids, usually dexamethasone if the brain is effect, antiepileptics in the event of seizures). Bit nuanced with anti parasitics - depends on local availability. Could be prazitquantel (small risk of seizures if the patient has neurocysticercosis) or albendazole (less risk of seizures). Single doses.

It's also been featured in the pilot episode of House MD.

Of course it was featured in House. Neurocysticercosis is a zebra. That show was originally going to be named, Chasing Zebras. I don't know why it took them an entire episode to get to the diagnosis. Not saying it'd be on my list of differentials for epilepsy in a young person in the suburban states or acute confusion ever, but you can't get through ED without getting a CT of the brain in wealthier countries. Which means someone in radiology land would definitely pick up the lesions early leading to a narrowed list of differentials and clearer/repeat history.

Sources:

WHO, NEJM and the CDC

Gold standard resources would be uptodate.com and your local/regional therapeutic guidelines. I'll try to use the free ones that everyone can access.

#medblr #medblrs #med school #infectious disease

[iiinsendo]

✎_ ⓪⓪⑦ ∕ ⓪②① 𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿𝝾𝗻 Typeface Used - Cyrano - 二〇二二年二月二十日 第二次手術後隨著腦水漸漸消退，重回康復之路的爸爸感覺像重開機的電腦，可以與我們有簡單的對話，但很多記憶都在重組中，有時候很正常，有時候感覺卻像另一個人。 常常想像他腦內正在進行的是什麼活動，是否在他昏迷的時候有另一個靈魂住進了他的身體？很多問題醫生也沒有正確答案，變化莫測的神經令人難以掌握。 - ［陪病日記］ 將過去一年陪病的心路歷程視覺化成一系列的海報。 - 20th.Feb.2022 It was the Hydrocephalus causing Dad to behave like a stroke patient. After the second surgery, he was finally back on track to recover; however, everything about him was like a reset computer having memory glitches. Sometimes he would say something clever as he was normal while at other times he could be totally nonsense. At one point I had this strange feeling that he might not be the same Dad, wondering if his brain could be taken over by some spirit while he was in a coma. The neurons are so fickle that even the doctor would not be able to know the whole picture under the surface. - [тнᴇ Ꭶ𝒾ϾƘ Ḏ𝕀ᗋ℞Ⴘ] is a series of poster design inspired by my father’s illness. - - -

#typoster #visual #typedesign #graphicdesign #symbol #creativedesign #graphicradar #typography #typographic #type #insendo #print #poster #plakat #editorial #graphik #thesickdiary #文字設計 #文字海報 #海報設計 #平面設計 #陪病日記 #디자인 #타이포 #인생도 #타이포그래피 #포스터

[borneohospital]

Understanding Mental Retardation and Hydrocephalus in Infants During Pregnancy

Introduction: What is Mental Retardation and Hydrocephalus?

Mental retardation and hydrocephalus are two different neurological disorders. Mental retardation is a term used to describe a group of developmental disabilities that affect intelligence and social behavior in children.

Intellectual disability can be caused by genetic mutations, trauma or disease such as hydrocephalus or meningitis. Intellectual disability falls under three categories: mild (IQ between 50-70), moderate (IQ between 35-49) and severe (IQ below 35).

● Mental Retardation: A mental condition in which an individual has significantly lower than average intellectual functioning, typically causing significant limitations in learning new skills and understanding what is happening around them.

● Hydrocephalus: The accumulation of fluid on the brain due to an obstruction in the ventricles or the cerebral aqueduct.

● Intellectual Disability: A developmental disability which affects an individual's ability to learn and behave appropriately in social situations.

What Causes Mental Retardation & Hydrocephalus and How to Identify Symptoms in Infants

Mental retardation and hydrocephalus are both common issues in children. In this article, we'll talk about the causes of these conditions, how to identify symptoms in infants and what to do if you suspect your child might have one or both of these conditions.

Mental Retardation:

● Genetic factors - This is the most common cause of mental retardation. However, it's not a single gene that causes it but rather a combination of genes that can lead to mental retardation.

● Environment - The environment can also play a role in mental retardation by increasing the risk for certain diseases like lead poisoning or malnutrition.

● Birth complications - Birth complications like low birth weight, preterm birth and breech presentation increase the risk for mental retardation as well Hydrocephalus

● Genetics - There is no specific gene that causes hydrocephalus but rather a combination of genetic factors that leads to this condition.

Hydrocephalus can occur as a result of brain injury such as trauma, stroke and infection.

● Environment - The environment can also play a role in hydrocephalus by increasing the risk for certain diseases like lead poisoning or malnutrition.

● Birth complications - Birth complications like low birth weight, preterm birth and breech presentation increase the risk for hydrocephalus as well Environmental risk factors for hydrocephalus

● Lead poisoning and malnutrition: Hydrocephalus can occur as a result of lead poisoning or malnutrition. Children are at increased risk for lead poisoning in the first few months after birth due to exposure to paint, contaminated soil, house dust, etc. Many children also suffer from nutritional deficiencies due to poverty and poor diets which leads to smaller brain size.

● Exposure to toxics: There is no specific toxic agent that causes hydrocephalus but rather a combination of factors such as infection, trauma and genetic susceptibility that leads to this condition

How is Mental Retardation & Hydrocephalus Diagnosed in Infants

Mental retardation and hydrocephalus are two very common disorders that can be diagnosed in infants. A child’s mental retardation can be detected at an early age and treated accordingly. Mental retardation is a condition that affects a person's cognitive abilities, such as learning, thinking, problem-solving, reasoning, memory and language. It is caused by a variety of factors including genetic mutations or injuries to the brain during the time of development. Hydrocephalus is a condition that causes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to build up inside the skull and over time it puts pressure on the brain. This pressure can cause headaches, vomiting and seizures. It can also lead to other health problems such as autism or epilepsy later on in life. Medical tests are conducted to diagnose mental retardation and hydrocephalus in infants which includes:

● Head circumference test: The circumference of the head is measured around 3 months old and again around 12 months old. If there is any difference in the measurements it can be indicative of hydrocephalus.

● An electroencephalogram (EEG): This test records brain activity while giving a visual representation on an EEG which is then analyzed by a technician.

● A blood test: This tests the blood for mutations to genetic material that could be associated with mental retardation or epilepsy later in life.

● A skull x-ray: A skull x-ray shows how much CSF can accumulate inside and outside the head, these images are then analyzed by a technician.

Treatments Available for Managing Mental Retardation & Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus is a condition in which fluid builds up on the brain and can cause permanent damage. It is often diagnosed during pregnancy, but it can also occur during the first few months of life. It should be noted that hydrocephalus is not always caused by a brain tumor or infection. A baby with hydrocephalus may have had a head injury, but this does not mean that the baby will have any other symptoms or problems in the future.

Mental retardation, on the other hand, refers to a developmental disability that affects how well an individual understands language and takes part in social interaction. People with mental retardation may also have trouble learning new skills and adapting to changes in their environment because they are slow to learn new things and do not respond as quickly as others might expect them to.

The following are some of the treatments available for managing mental retardation and hydrocephalus:

● A hydrocephalus shunt is a device to close the communication between the fluid-filled ventricles of the brain and the cerebral spinal fluid by redirecting it to a normal drain. In some cases, medications are used to reduce pressure inside the skull and relieve symptoms such as drowsiness, confusion, visual disturbances or headaches.

● An educational evaluation and placement is recommended, which can involve social skills training, cognitive skills training, academic enrichment and practical skill development.

● It is important to address the individual's needs and support their strengths.

● Pain medications can be considered if the person is symptomatic; however, pain should be managed by a physician because of possible side effects.

[lastlycoris]

Got woken up at 3 a.m. because of a brain bleed. An old lady fell trying to get to the bathroom - fell wrong, and hit the side of the head giving them a sizable epidural hematoma and some subarachnoid hemorrhage on their CT scan. Already had signs of transtentorial and subfalcine herniation, meaning brain was getting squeezed like toothpaste at those dural reflections.

Epidural hematomas are worse than a subdural hematoma, primarily becaause epidural hematoma are caused by rupture of the middle meningeal artery. So arterial bleed inside the skull which is already full of things like your brain.

You don't die from blood loss when it comes to brain bleed like that. It's actually the mass effect where the hematoma pushes the brain around and presses and squeezes on places that shouldn't be pressed - like your brain stem which controls your breathing and other important stuff needed for living.

Not to mention blood is an irritant and clogs up the subarachnoid granules, so you have to be worried about hydrocephalus also where the cerebrospinal fluid doesn't properly drain into the dual venous sinuses, which again causes the whole mass effect problem but from within the brain itself.

Again, reiterating the fact the skull is a very very small space that has little tolerance for more stuff to be added inside it.

I don't think I'll be able to get back to sleep. So I'm just idling now waiting for my actual scheduled surgeries in the next 3 hours.

#🌹~ [ left blooming alone ] || ic #medical rp //

[officialyourdailyinspiration]

A Sphynx kitten named Lucy was born with a condition that affects her appearance. The tiny babe was diagnosed with hydrocephalus, a rare neurological condition caused by fluid build-up in her brain. The vet explained that the condition could kill her, but…

[phoenix-is-gross]

Welcome

My name is Phoenix and this is my first blog post.I often feel like my life is really boring, but recently realized that my life is actually pretty bizarre. I hope that by sharing I may help someone, even if it's just one person.

I want to start off with a little about me.I chose the name Phoenix, my last name is Gross, which has been a pain in my butt through my twenty-nine years in this life. I've kind of embraced it at this point, but it can still get annoying because grown-ass adults still laugh about it. The funny thing is that my last name wouldn't have been Gross if my father's father hadn't changed his last name when he joined the military.

I am an AFAB non-binary person, but I don't mind being referred to as female, as I do menstruate and have breasts. I call myself a bigender lesbian because I'm only interested in dating other AFAB individuals. If you want me to get technical I would tell you that I'm pansexual, homoromantic, and demisexual, but that's hella complicated.

I am neurodivergent in pretty much every sense of the word.I have been diagnosed with ADHD and Bipolar Disorder Type 2.Due to my background in psychology, I am fairly certain that I also have Autism and CPTSD. I was never assessed for autism as a child and I wasn't taken to a psychiatrist after my initial trauma, so I will likely never know for sure. I often wonder how my parents missed the signs of my autism and ADHD. I used to line up my toys, which is a sign of autism and I remember my teachers begging my parents to have me assessed for ADHD when I was little because I simply couldn't sit still or stay silent.

I suffer from multiple disabilities, some of which are actually very rare. I have Hydrocephalus, which is a disorder characterized by the build up of excess fluid in the brain. It can cause headaches as well as memory impairments. I have another disorder called Neurofibromatosis Type 1 which is a neurological disorder characterized by the growth of tumors on nerve endings. My doctors knew that I have the birthmarks that it causes but I never had any testing because I did not have any of the neurological symptoms, such as developmental disability. I also have a learning disability caused dyscalculia, which affects my mathematical ability and sense of direction. My dyscalculia is probably caused by the NF1 because it is technically a developmental disability.

Lastly, I have a severe traumatic brain injury which was caused by a surgical error when I was seventeen.The TBI caused me to have a stroke, leaving me with a paralyzed left foot and permanent short term memory loss.There is no end to the issues my TBI has caused, but I will get to that on another day.

If you have any questions about any of these disorders, feel free to ask. Keep in mind that inappropriate questions won't be answered

Love,

Phoenix

#autism #traumatic brain injury #stroke #TBI #disability #neurofibromatosis #hydrocephalus #LGBT #lesbian #gay #LGBTQ #pride #disability pride #gay pride #trans pride #bigender #dyscalculia #ADHD #CPTSD

[only-horse-polls]

I'm glad to see craigslist horse has made it this far. I don't expect it to win but it's been fun watching the silly name survive for so long haha! People love a good unidentifiable crossbred no papers pony sometimes ❤️

Same! People don't realize how vital mixed breeds are for a species to survive in the long run because pure breeds commonly come with a list of health complications due to genetics or inbreeding. Friesians are sadly an excellent example of this where the breed almost became extinct which means inbreeding was needed to keep the breed alive and atop that, their strict standards only make it worse causing even more inbreeding and health problems such as chronic dermatitis, dwarfism, hydrocephalus, megaoesophagus, etc.

Love your crossbreeds y'all! They are the backbone of all horse breeds I swear.

#I remember reading a study regarding inbreeding in Friesians where the inbreeding raised by 2% every generation #which just shouldn't be acceptable #the max amount is usually 0.5-1% #and they were doing that x2-4. #I will try to find this study if anyone is interested in it!