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A Royal Recycling (part 127)
Whistles
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alessandro-accebbi · 7 months
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The AUDLEY PUBLIC HOUSE and MOUNT ST. RESTAURANT, London, UK 🇬🇧
Located on the corner of Mayfairis South Audley Street and Mount Street, The Audley Public House is a traditional neighbourhood pub, carefully restored and where history and contemporary art collide.
Above the Audley pub you will find Mount St. Restaurant & Rooms, showcasing some extraordinary artist commissions. This modern London restaurant, flooded with light, has a menu inspired by the capital's culinary history whilst the top three floors of this iconic building offer four beautifully designed spaces, each with its own story to tell, and available for private hire.
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publicscouse · 27 days
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The Vines
Script: Nele Washbourne
The Vines is named after Albert B. Vines, who first opened a public house on this site in 1867. It was rebuilt in 1907 as a Cains pub and is, like its sister pub, the Philharmonic, one of the great show pubs of the country.  It is a grade two listed pub on CAMRA's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors, it is also known as the legendary ‘Big House’ on Lime Street.
The Vines was the work of Liverpool architect, Walter Thomas for the brewer, Robert Cain. Thomas (1849-1912) is famously known for his public house designs, Sefton Park and Audley House which is now an English heritage site.
This exuberantly baroque pub has etched glass windows, a folly tower, and extravagant faux Dutch gables. The impressive clock that extends over Lime Street (which is claimed to be the biggest free-standing in Great Britain) is by E J Dent & Co., the same company that provided the clock tower at the Houses of Parliament.
The interior of the pub is divided into rooms but features monumental fireplaces, carved mahogany, and beaten copper detail. It also boasts Corinthian pilasters and columns throughout. At the rear is the huge, ornate, high-ceilinged Billiards room, which was a staple of the 19th-century pub scene. The room is dominated by a striking stained glass oval ceiling dome.
In the Queensbury Room, above the fireplace is an intricate wooden bas-relief Viking Longboat. Around the walls there are fifteen plaster panels of cherubs engaged in allegorical pursuits and upon the ceiling is an oval plaster relief including 12 zodiac designs all created by Liverpool based artist Henry Gustave Hiller.
German Art historian Nikolaus Pevsner attributes the plaster reliefs to The Bromsgrove Guild, a 19th-century company associated with the Arts and Crafts Movement that was heavily involved in the plaster designs throughout. The Vines was once owned by A. B. Walker in the late 19th Century, who was later to pay for The Walker Art Gallery. At one time, it boasted its own art collection, which is still reflected in the ‘billiards room.' The room hung paintings worth millions but was relocated to the Walker Gallery and replaced by oil paintings of lesser value. Bill Bryson, a famous US travel writer, eulogised about the Vines in his famous book 'Notes From a Small Island’.
Today, the pub is often full of Liverpool characters and is a constant staple due to its historical conversation and atmosphere.
Sources Pevsner Architectural Guides: Liverpool by Joseph Sharples Public Sculpture in Liverpool by Terry Cavanagh Walks Through History: Liverpool by David Lewis Websites: https://pubheritage.camra.org.uk/pubs/112 http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/localhistory/journey/lime_street/pubs/pub_index.shtml https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1084210
and my new mate Mark, who is a regular...
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whatsonmedia · 5 months
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Best Offers Of This Week!
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Get ready for a week packed with unbeatable offers! Stay healthy, try exciting experiences, and relish delectable delights—all without burning a hole in your pocket. Click to unlock the magic of irresistible deals and make every moment unforgettable. Don't miss out on the best offers in town—your week of WOW starts now! At Noxy Brothers, get any three coffees for £3 Discover Noxy Brothers' coffee bliss in London! Three coffees, just £1 each at Piccadilly Circus, Russell Square, and Spitalfields Market. Dive into classics or try the new BisCoffee flavor. Voucher with three QR codes, valid until Jan 28, 2023, at selected locations. Indulge in espresso, brews like cold brew and matcha latte, and various teas. Extras not included. Don't miss this £3 coffee adventure – redeem your QR codes for a taste of London's finest brews! Highlights: - Try the brand new BisCoffee flavor. - Three London locations: Piccadilly Circus, Russell Square, and Spitalfields Market. - Three coffees for just £1 each! Need to Know: - This voucher is valid for any three coffees at Noxy Brothers. - Three QR codes are included (one per coffee) – present each code clearly when ordering. - Voucher valid until January 28, 2023. All coffees must be claimed by this date. - Offer only valid at selected locations: Burlington Arcade, Russell Square, and Spitalfields Market. Locations: - Burlington Arcade 51 Piccadilly, London W1J 0QJ - Russell Square 9 Russell Square, London WC1B 5EG - Spitalfields Market Corner Unit, Spitalfields Market, 105 Commercial Street, London E1 6BG. At Saltie Girl, three dishes and a glass of bubbly are available for £30 Escape the city and immerse yourself in coastal delights at Saltie Girl in Mayfair. Indulge in a tempting array of seafood, featuring highlights like Langoustine scampi with tartar sauce, Roast Brixham monkfish, and the iconic Saltie Girl burger. Highlights: - Prime location near Bond Street and Marble Arch stations. - Two dining options to choose from. - Finest selection of seafood. - Up to 50% off on three-course dining. Need to Know: - Voucher valid for three courses and a glass of bubbles at Saltie Girl. - Available Monday to Friday, 4 pm to 7 pm or Monday to Friday, 12 pm to close. - To redeem, send booking confirmation to [email protected] with preferred date and time. Voucher, security code, and QR code must be clear. Walk-ins and bookings welcome. - Valid until February 29, 2024. - Menu subject to change. - Changes/cancellations must be informed within 24 hours. - Time Out not responsible for dietary requirements – contact Saltie Girl before purchasing. - Location: 15 N Audley Street, London W1K 6WZ. Paint a Pic: Sip and paint for £25 Unleash your creativity at Paint a Pic! Whether you're a seasoned artist or a beginner, enjoy a relaxed painting session with expert guidance. Create a masterpiece while sipping a drink in alternating London venues – the perfect blend of art and socializing. Bring friends for an ideal afternoon activity. Highlights: - Two hours of painting with a drink in hand. - Events hosted at various London bars and pubs. - Enjoy £10 off the popular relaxed and friendly London classes. Need to Know: - Voucher valid for a sip and paint class at Paint a Pic. - To redeem, send booking confirmation to [email protected] with preferred event date. Ensure clear presentation of voucher, security code, and QR code. - Booking subject to availability. - Drinks not included in the offer. - View upcoming events here - Max booking of 5 people. - Voucher valid until July 31, 2024. - 48-hour notice required for class rearrangement. Frameless Lates tickets are available for just £15 Kickstart your weekend at Frameless Lates! Experience after-dark culture with over-18s-only sessions featuring four galleries and a specially curated soundtrack by Soho Radio. Whether it's a date night or a fun outing with friends, explore the galleries at your own pace while enjoying drinks from the Café Bar. Highlights: - Frameless Lates every Friday and Saturday night from November 25, 2023, to February 24, 2024. - Enjoy music from Soho Radio. - Sip on tasty drinks from the Café Bar. When and Where: - Time: 6 pm - 10 pm - Dates: November 25, 2023 - February 24, 2024 - Location: Frameless, Marble Arch, 6 Marble Arch, London W1H 7AP. Need to Know: - Strict no refunds or exchanges policy; please book for the correct date. - Valid for a ticket to Frameless Lates. - Booking only valid for the selected date and time (6 pm - 8 pm). - Entry slot runs for 30 minutes after the specified time on your ticket. - Present booking confirmation at the box office upon arrival. - Café bar and gift shop purchases not included in the offer. Don't miss this unique cultural experience at Frameless in Marble Arch! Sizzle, Save, and Seize: Your Week of WOW Begins Now! Read the full article
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showbiznews · 8 months
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leslieworks · 1 year
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Wonderful pub and company! Lovely evening spent in The Audley Public House last Saturday. 🥰 . . . . #theaudleypublichouse #beautifulpub #mayfairlondon #goodcompany #nightout #withfriends # (at The Audley Public House) https://www.instagram.com/p/Cll4WQnoYrB/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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rafeny · 1 year
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#canitellyou if you’re going to have pub food, you might as well have it at @audleypublichouse. The pub classics were delicious with produce from their farm in Somerset and other local farmers. The bar is a hive of activity with everyone ordering pints for lunch. And of course, the interior restoration by @luislaplace and the exuberant ceiling art by @visual.artist.fr. / 😊🥧🍺 . . . #theaudleypublichouse #mountstreetmayfair #englishpub #wheninlondon #phyllidabarlow #rafetotengco #rafetravelstolondon #luislaplaceinterior #wheretoeatinlondon (at The Audley Pub in the Mayfair District of London) https://www.instagram.com/p/Clj8WFOJiZr/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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rentcampervan · 1 year
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Top Places to Visit in Sydney During Winters
If you live in Sydney or plan to visit the city during your winter holidays, you should definitely opt for campervan rental Sydney to explore the town. You can take lovely day-trips from the city, to take a look at some of the best spots around the city. there are some spots specifically designed for the winters, and you cannot avoid them. let’s talk about such places in this guide. 1.    The Southern Highlands are known for the winter grasslands and trees. Berrima is an interesting day trip to consider from Sydney.it houses one of the finest historical villages where you get excellent coffee and some incredible baked goodies.there are classic pubs and fireplaces that you can enjoy in this town. The River walk is one of the finest places in this town 2.    Hunter Valley Wineries should top your day-trip list when in Sydney during winters Located around 250 km from Sydney, it is home to approximately 250 wine growers. You will find viticultural historic areas in this town that dates back to 1800s. It is renowned for the beautiful architecture and the excellent gardens. You will find some of the best gourmet foods in this town. You cannot walk away without buying chese from hunter valley smelly cheese shop. 3.    If you are a history junkie, you should take the motorhome hire Sydney to Ku-ring-gai Chase national park. It has deep rooted history that you are sure to enjoy. Apart from history, you will see some incredible landscapes that will blow your mind. The Aboriginal heritage walk is a must visit route when in this town. You can go to Hawkesbury River or Cowan water if you want to take the adventure sports. It also includes several gardens and parks that you can enjoy. 4.    If you love exploring the town, you should go to Royal National Park. There are several gardens and spots that you can enjoy. The cliffs and walks are definitely one of the best in this region. Paddle down Hacking River to enjoy the space a little more. You can also take the canoe from Audley Boatshed while here. The Loftus loop trail is quite famous and should top your list of places to visit in this national park. You can park your campervan rental Sydney and enjoy the picturesque locations. You can also enjoy barbeque with family at the picnic spots 5.    If you don’t plan a visit to the snow capped mountains during the winters, you are not enjoying the season to the fullest. You should travel to Katoomba to enjoy the blue mountains. It is about a 90-minute drive from Sydney and definitely an enjoyable journey. Apart from housing skiing resorts, you will get a lot of good food and comfort wine in this region. You should definitely take the Prince Henry Cliff Walk while here. 6.    Kiama is another destination that you can consider while in Sydney. You can take the motorhome hire Sydney to this place. It is an interesting seaside village with nice and cosy cafes. You should also visit the Kiama Blowhole where the waves come out from the cliff’s mouth. You have some nice adventure activities here that you can opt for including cycling along the path and outdoor rock climbing.
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Leaving The Audley Pub In London(2010) pics...
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ihatecispeople · 4 years
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August 2, 2020
A picture shared on social media from street level in Audley Range, Blackburn seemed to suggest those taking part in Eid prayers were not social distancing.
But on closer inspection a CCTV image of the same prayers shows worshippers clearly praying in their allocated places, each with their own payer mat.
Mosques across the UK hosted Eid prayers Friday. In Blackburn, mosque volunteers were on hand to enforce strict government guidelines for religious buildings with prayers held at staggered times. Mosque capacity was limited inside and outside of buildings.
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[Alt image: A picture taken from street level into the courtyard of Masjide Noorul Islam, a mosque, showing Muslim men in proximity of each other which suggest they are not adhering to social distancing. End alt image]
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[Alt image: A CCTV image released by Masjide Noorul Islam, showing the courtyard of the mosque. Each person is sitting on their own prayer mat, and the prayer mats are spaced out to adhere to social distancing. End alt image]
Own comment: Blackburn was one of the cities in the UK which re-entered a modified lockdown. The modified lockdown would keep pubs open, and would disallow members of different households to mingle. This was announced on Thursday 30 October, 2020, the eve before the beginning of Eid al-Adha.
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stablesbar-blog · 5 years
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Choose An Affordable Restaurant With Good Services
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tyneoconnell · 6 years
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This is the first & last time I will ever be photographed within a #pub once it was on a dare from my daughter after I had imbibed one too many #champagnes & the second was this shoot - the #theaudleypub on the cnr of #Mountstreet & #southaudleystreet was originally the site of the #thebricklayersarms when #OscarWilde live nearby - in the 1660’s Mount St was home to bricklayers plasterers & even the illustrious #artisan #grinlinggibbons lived on #Mountstreet briefly - however in 1887 the #DukeofAudley declared “the Bricklayers Arms was too Ginpalace-y for Mountstreet” & had it rebuilt as the chandaliered wood-lined Audley Pub & thus it remains - firmly in the heart of #Mayfair @muirvidler (at Mount Street Mayfair) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bn_mGl6njRi/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=vg4devfcesjh
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History of Tea (Part 5): Changes in Britain
Tea-Drinking in Public
In Britain, two main locations developed for tea-drinking – the public arena (tea shops and tea gardens) and the private sphere (at home).
Coffee shops flourished from around 1660-1720, and at first tea was sold in them, especially during that time, along with coffee and other drinks.  (It was also sold in taverns.)  These coffee & teahouses had a very important role in Britain's prosperity, as many international institutions were born there, such as the Bank of England and Lloyd's insurance.  They contributed to the rise of parliamentary democracy, as many political clubs began there.  So did missionary movements – for example, the first meetings of the Eclectic Society took place at the Castle and Falcoln Tavern over cups of tea, and the Church Missionary Society emerged out of their discussions there.  Writers and scientists met at coffee- and tea-shops, so they also became centres for the circulation of ideas, both literary and scientific.
After 1720, the importance of coffee houses started to decline.  Tea began to be drunk in a new setting – the pleasure gardens of Vauxhall, Ranelagh, Marylebone, Cuper's, White Conduit House, Bermondsey Spa and others.  (These are all London locations.)  People could take a walk, look at interesting things (such as the latest stationary steam engine or sculptures), and drink tea.
The gardens often covered several acres, and tea was a central focus of them.  The upper and middle classes gathered there to “take tea”, gossip, exchange information, and listen to music.  Unlike coffee houses, women and children were welcome there as well as men.
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Vauxhall Gardens.
Coffee shops are still meeting-places for men in many Catholic and Islamic countries. In England, coffee was seen as a men's drink, and also as a luxury drink for the rich.  But tea was considered to be a “gentler” and milder drink (and also cheaper), so it was suitable for women and children.
Many great artistic figures (such as Pope and Handel) would meet there and exchange ideas.  The architecture & landscape, as well as tea-drinking, were also key attractions, so the tea gardens strongly influenced British gardening – great developments were made, with 'Capability' Brown and his natural style of landscape gardening in the 1700's being the peak.  Drinking the Chinese drink of tea was linked to admiring Chinese things, such as designs, lacquer, silks and Chinese gardens.  This helped to spread the obsession with “things Oriental” which was on the rise in Europe at that time.
In 1717, Thomas Twining converted Tom's Coffee House into The Golden Lyon.  This was the first London teashop (tea had been sold in London since 1706), and still sells tea in the Strand.  Both men and women patronized it: “Great Ladies flocked to Twining's house...”  During the 1800's, the elegant middle-class teashop flourished, and this rapid growth is associated with Lyons Corner Houses.
At these teashops, like at the pleasure gardens, the family could gather together or meet friends.  Middle-class families on holiday (a trip to London, or a visit by rail to the seaside, for example), they couldn't go to the local pub, the bar of the inn, or the all-male clubs of various professions.  They could go to a teashop.  In Britain, tea-drinking helped to establish a public space where men, women and children could be together.
Tea-Drinking in Private
Before tea's arrival, women entertaining in their own home only had alcoholic drinks to offer.  Now they had tea, which was not only non-alcoholic, but could also be served with ceremony and rituals.  Those serving and drinking tea could show off their good breeding, manners and etiquette.
Royalty began the custom of serving tea for guests at home.  Princess Catherine of Braganza (Charles II's wife) promoted tea as a useful temperate drink at court in the late 1600's.  Anna (wife of the 7th Duke of Bedford) encouraged tea and cakes to be served in the afternoon because she had a “sinking feeling”, in the early- or mid-1800's. Tea was associated with the upper class from early on, and spread downwards to the lower classes from there.  The upper classes criticized the poor for drinking a middle-class drink and carrying out its associated rituals – they were accused of imitating their betters in a pretentious way.
In middle- and upper-class society, gestures, words and objects were scrutinized to place people socially, and tea was no exception to this.  The shape & style of the tea-service and tea furniture, how the fingers picked up the teacup, the flavour of the tea (the higher your class, the lighter and more bitter the tea was, like sherry) – all of these were used for this purpose.  The differences were usually very subtle.
During the world wars, officers drank tea out of china cups, and the troops drank strong, sugary tea out of metal mugs, served from a bucket – another class division and indicator.
The “afternoon tea party” had many rules and rituals.  There was special tea equipment – the cups, plates, tea caddy (for storing the dry tea), teapot, table and chairs, set out on a special room.  There were rules on how people should be invited; what utensils should be laid out; how you should ask someone if they wanted tea, or more tea.  How to deal with different ranks of guest was very important, as was the order you served them in.  Also what food you should serve with the tea; how to serve the food; how to thank your hostess; how to leave. It was all very complicated.
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Georgian-era tea caddy.
Lady Troubridge's Book of Etiquette (1926) states that: “The guests may gather round the table, or the hostess may place a little table or stool by the chairs, for the reception of teacup and a tiny tea-plate...Little tea-napkins are sometimes used, but, as a rule, they are considered unnecessary.  If jam is served, tea-knives (very small knives with plated or silver blades) are provided.”  Her two-volume work devotes an entire chapter to teas and other afternoon parties.
Betty Messenger's Complete Guide to Etiquette (1966) instructs the reader that when handing around sandwiches, you must say what is in them, so that people who have allergies don't have to ask.  To ask someone if they want more tea, you must say, “Lady X, will you have another cup of tea?”
Sarah Maclean's Etiquette and Good Manners (1973) states that although tea-parties today are now informal affairs, there are three important points of etiquette – 1) don't crook your little finger while drinking tea, as it is a “ridiculous affectation”; 2) the more upper-class the home, the more likely it is that the milk goes in last; 3) when your hostess asks how you take your tea, you should tell her exactly.
The hostess should generate a refined atmosphere with her actions and words, “the guests should be well chosen, and the tea itself the finest and best procurable for love or money.”  (Gordon Stables, 1883.)
Things could be said through gestures, small marks of politeness/favour/esteem, etc, that couldn't be said in words (also the case in Japan).  But although a tea-party conveyed an atmosphere that could even be of cordiality, there was a nastier side with boundaries being preserved and reaffirmed through gossip and criticism.  According to Thomas de Witt Talmage (1879), the nature of the gossip would vary according to the type of tea served:
...the style of the conversation depends very much on the kind of tea that the housewife pours for the guest.  If it be genuine Young Hyson...the talk will be fresh and spirited and sunshiny.  If it be...Gunpowder, the conversation will be explosive and somebody's reputation will be killed before you get through.  If it be green tea...you may expect there will be a poisonous effect in the conversastion and the moral health damaged.
Drinking tea wasn't just an occasion for showing off status, friendship and gossip.  For women, it was their version of the men gathering around drink.  At one point in William Congreve's play The Double Dealer (1694), it's said the women “are at the end of the gallery, retired to their tea and scandal, according to their ancient custom.”
Tea-drinking also enabled women to easier develop co-ordinated action.  Many great women of 1800's England were avid tea-drinkers, and it's likely this played a part, much like the coffee-houses where men circulated ideas earlier in the 1700's.  Women took more action in the growing democracy; they set up social and charitable organizations; they organized mission work and literary endeavours.  The Women's Institute and Girl Guides are two examples, and meeting over tea helped make them possible.
It could give women an area of control; Mary Elizabeth Braddon's novel Lady Audley's Secret (1862) states that, “To do away with the tea-table is to rob woman of her legitimate empire.”  Even men would defer to her while she was serving tea.
Lastly, the “nursery tea” was a time when parents and children could gather together (as they could in the teahouses).  The different ages & genders were also brought together on festive occasions, such as birthday tea parties and Christmas tea with Christmas cake.
Temperance
Tea was also responsible for the development of the worker's “tea break”. This made life more bearable for the workers, gave them something to look forward to during the hard day's work, and became the central social ceremony of their workplace.  Tea gave them more physical endurance, and the socializing more mental endurance.  And it was far better than alcohol.
This was another important factor of tea-drinking – later in the 1800's, temperance movements would use tea as one of their main symbols, and encourage people to drink it instead of alcohol.  The mid-1700's gin craze had disappeared mostly through a) gin becoming more expensive, and b) tea then replacing it as the drink of the poor.  In the 1800's, the same sort of thing would happen, but on a larger scale.  Tea, morality and temperance were all intertwined.
It is quite likely that the spread of tea throughout Britain caused a shift in “national character”, from “red-meat-and-beer sort of people” to becoming “gentler, less volatile”.  G. G. Sigmond, when discussing temperance societies in Tea: Its Effects, Medicinal and Moral (1839) said that:
Tea has in most instances been substituted for fermented or spirituous liquors, and the consequence has been a general improvement in the health and in the morals of a vast number of persons.  The tone, the strength, and the vigour of the human body are increased by it; there is a greater capability of enduring fatigue; the mind is rendered more susceptible of the innocent pleasures of life, and of acquiring information. Whole classes of the community have been rendered sober, careful and provident...Men have become healthier, happier, and better for the exchange they have made.  They have given up a debasing habit for an innocent one.  Individuals who were outcast, miserable, abandoned have become independent and a blessing to society.
The English dramatics & writer Douglas William Jerrold (1803-57) said that, “Of the social influence of tea, in truth, upon the masses of the people in this country, it is not very easy to say too much.  It has civilized brutish and turbulent homes, saved the drunkard from his doom, and to many a mother, who would else indeed have been most wretched and most forlorn, it has given cheerful, peaceful thoughts that have sustained her.”
Guillaume Raynal (a French writer) said in 1715 that “it cannot be denied that [tea] has contributed more to the sobriety of the nation than the severest laws, the most eloquent harangues of Christian orators, or the best treatises of morality.”
The rules and rituals around drinking tea differentiated the social classes from each other, but tea-drinking also united them, giving them all something in common, like discussing the weather.  It could be offered from a person of one class to one of another class, without causing embarrassment to either; and was widespread throughout the country regardless of class.
Ceramics
When tea was imported by ship from China, it was stored in very light tea chests.  But more ballast as needed, so the chests were also packed with Chinese pottery and porcelain, as a) it was heavy and b) it could be resold in Europe.  Probably over 5 million pieces per year (on average) of Chinese porcelain were imported to Europe from 1700-50.  From 1684-1791, perhaps around 215 million pieces were imported to Europe.  During this period, British people had the finest chinaware to drink their tea from.
This created a new consumer demand within Britain.  Glass vessels are used for drinking tea in Turkey, and tin mugs can be used; however, china and pottery are best.  Brass, pewter, enamel, glass, and other materials really aren't suitable.
As tea spread, the tea-serving equipment became more complex, and many new features were added.  The Chinese and Japanese drank from tea-bowls without handles, but the British were used to glasses & other vessels with handles, so they wanted to adapt them for tea.  In China, they traditionally brewed tea in a large bowl with a separate cover (similar to a saucer) on top, and the tea was then poured into smaller bowls to drink from.  The British adapted this type of teapot to have a spout.
They added sugar and milk to their tea, so spoons (and saucers to hold the spoons) were necessary; so were sugar bowls and milk jugs. Silversmiths and potters had many more items to make and sell.  Also, expensive equipment could be used to show off wealth and/or taste.
Other things there were a demand for were: tea caddies to hold the tea; tables to serve the tea from; biscuits and cakes to serve with the tea; side-plates to hold the food; chairs, screens and fireplaces for an elegant or cosy atmosphere.
In the first 1/3 of the 1700's, there was a consumer boom for all these things.  Craftsmen did very well, and so did general grocers, tea-tasters and auctioneers.
The manufacture of pottery & porcelain was one of the most important industrialized production developments in the 1700's, and tea-drinking drove it.  Josiah Wedgwood (1730-1795) had perhaps the most famous business, which made tea-ware with fine classical designs & colours, and sold it relatively cheaply to the middle classes.
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Wedgwood tea set (1785).
From 1672 onwards, there had been a considerable development of tea ceramics, and this included experimentation with form, materials and patterns.  There were many other firms (including Chelsea, Poole, Spode and Worcester), and many more technical innovations were created, expanding the craft into a new industry.  It drove the price of imported Chinese ceramics down, and eventually it wouldn't be necessary to import them at all.
Meals
Before tea spread throughout Britain, breakfast for the upper & middle classes was a heavy meal with meat and ale.  Now, it changed into a lighter meal with bread, cakes, preserves, and a hot drink (especially tea).
The time between lunch and bedtime had been filled by “a rather early supper”.  Now, the evening meal (or “dinner”) was put back to 7-8pm [I'm assuming that means the “early supper” was now eaten later?].  This was possible because having tea at about 4-5pm meant that food was eaten then, too – often bread, cakes and biscuits were eaten along with the tea, which turned it into a small meal.
The changes were different for the working classes.  The manual workers, returning home at 5-6pm, would want to eat & relax straight away, so a meal called “tea” or “high tea” developed, especially in the factory & mining regions of northern England & southern Scotland.  They would have a mug of tea; bread, a small amount of vegetable, cheese, and occasionally meat.
This meal was a necessity for working-class families.  Throughout the [late?] 1700's and 1800's, these families would spend up to half their food/drink budget on tea, even though it was cheap – this drink was necessary to make life bearable for them.
Because of this importance of tea for the working class, for many years the most avid tea-drinking nation outside Asia was Australia, rather than England – the mostly working-class British emigrants had brought it with them.
Advertising
In the century after 1650, there was the consumer revolution, which was necessary to pave the way for the industrial revolution. Mass-producing cheap goods would be pointless if there wasn't a market for them.  People had to develop taste & discrimination, and most importantly, a desire to buy them.
Within the market, a series of techniques including advertising, packaging, storage and distribution were either invented or further refined. Tea was the centre of all of this.  People didn't need to newly discriminate between different types of beer, bread or clothing, for instance – they were already buying them.  But tea (and other commodities such as coffee & tobacco) was new, so effort was required.
Advertising had to 1) explain what the product was, and 2) tell people why they should want & buy it.  The “first advertisement for any commodity in a London newspaper” was apparently in 1658, in the Mercurius Politicus. This was the beginning of a non-stop advertising campaign, in particular from the efforts of the East India Company and other large firms.
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Retailing was also necessary.  In the early 1700's, “tea grocers” (who called themselves that to distinguish themselves from general grocers) began to sell tea in new ways.  They developed specialist shops which pre-packaged the tea in attractive boxes & bags, rather than just storing it in bulk and scooping it out for people to buy.  Tea was the foundation commodity for many great retailing companies, such as Lipton's (in the early 1700's), and Tesco (a century and a half later).
At this point in history, humans were moving from agriculture to industry, from a country-based civilization to a city-based one, for the first time.  Tea emerged as the world's favourite drink alongside this shift, so it set the patterns that many other commodities would soon follow.  Tea set off the largest consumer revolution in British history.
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brushno3 · 4 years
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#Seriesof3 - Cars. Lady at The Audley. (Can any one tell me what car is that so I can add in edit) #watercolorartist #nealecastelinoart #watercolor #nealecastelino #letscreateart #sketchbook #artassist11 #watercolorpainting #urbansketchers #graphic #visualart #talenthelppage #dailysketch #uniball #theaudley #watercolor_daily #urbansketcherslondon #illustration #illustrationart #urbansketch #watercolor_art #watercolorartists #aquarellepainting #carsofinstagram #urbanart #carinstagram #pub #architectureart #archsketch
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chuckredman · 5 years
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“TWO-BIT REVIEW” . . . "Lady Audley’s Secret", by Mary Elizabeth Braddon (pub. 1861)
“TWO-BIT REVIEW” . . . “Lady Audley’s Secret”, by Mary Elizabeth Braddon (pub. 1861)
“Circumstantial evidence,” continued the young man, as if he scarcely heard Lady Audley’s interruption—”that wonderful fabric which is built out of straws collected at every point of the compass, and which is yet strong enough to hang a man.”
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BOOK? . . . Lady Audley’s Secret, by Mary Elizabeth Braddon (pub. 1861)
WHAT KIND? . . . Novel
BE MORE SPECIFIC . . . “Sensation” fiction, early detective…
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doomsteady · 7 years
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Look Again - ch2
WIP! bi!John/ace!Sherlock, Friends to Lovers. Explicit. Will be posted on AO3 when it’s done.
<ch1> –> <ch2> --> <ch3>
Ch 2
It was thanks to Sherlock’s encyclopedic knowledge of London that their pursuers quickly lost sight of them through the labyrinth of back-alleys and side streets. With one last check to make sure they weren’t still being followed, they slowed to a brisk stroll as they headed back in the direction of Baker Street.
It was late now. The streets were dark, empty save for the occasional drunkard wobbling his way home from a pub crawl. Still struggling to catch their breaths, John and Sherlock shared one glance before they broke into exhausted laughter, high on the thrill of the chase.
“I can’t believe they didn’t notice us double back on them,” John said, shaking his head in disbelief. His earlier embarrassment had cooled to a low simmer in his gut, displaced as it was by the much more urgent matter of their escape.
“Idiots,” Sherlock agreed, a smug grin on his face as he shoved his hands into his trouser pockets. “They really thought they had us. You’d think the criminal classes would have learnt to stop underestimating us by now, no?”
John huffed a laugh at his feet. “I think that’s giving them a little too much credit. And it’s you they’re underestimating. I’d say their estimation of me is pretty on-point.”
Sherlock stared ahead as they walked, seemingly lost in his thoughts. He looked every bit as perfectly Sherlock Holmes as he ever did, the unflappable git. For all that he’d been shoved into a cramped car boot and then spent the past ten minutes fleeing a gang of armed thugs through the streets, Sherlock seemed to have some magical ability to remain almost entirely unruffled. His clothes had straightened themselves, and his hair looked tousled, but no moreso than it did that morning when he’d purposefully styled it that way. Nor did he seem at all phased by what had happened between them in the boot.
But John was having far greater difficulty letting it go. The night air was cooling his sweat-damp skin, raising goosebumps as he zipped up his denim jacket to ward off the chill. With his pulse calming back into something resembling its normal rhythm, he was just now noticing how badly he needed a shower. He felt like a mess, and not just in terms of the one he’d created in his pants.
He was already sensing the change in his mind, even as he tried desperately to deny it. Before today, he’d always been able to compartmentalise his feelings for Sherlock. The man was his best friend. Platonic or not, this was the most important relationship in his life. They had killed for each other, and both knew the other was willing to die for them, and none of it hinged on some vague hope or the promises of a deeper, more intimate connection waiting somewhere on the distant horizon. They didn’t need it; they were already soulmates.
There had been a time, right back in the beginning, when John had dared to have those hopes. Perhaps because at that time, he had no idea how important Sherlock would become to him. Sherlock was his closest and most treasured friend, too important to lose, and now it was unthinkable that he would risk what they had in the pursuit of something more.
Fantasies be damned: Real life wasn’t always perfect, but it was at least real. There was no point in pining after the unattainable.
John had never been a selfish man; he was grateful for whatever life deemed fit to gift his way. And anyway, Sherlock managed to be an endlessly fascinating friend. He was everything John could ever ask for in a companion that would, in all likelihood, be with him for life anyway. John found he could live with that quite easily, in the end— just being near to him, caught in the orbit of his celestial gravity. Always up close. Always from afar.
Even though he never really did stop finding Sherlock attractive in that way, he kept such thoughts under careful guard, ever considerate of his friend’s feelings. Never once did he let them dictate their interactions, no matter how enticing those ideas had occasionally been. That’s how it always was, and how it always was meant to be.
But now, he was struggling to remember how that had ever been possible. Glancing up at Sherlock’s moon-struck profile, his heart twisted beneath his ribs; the man was beautiful. A figure cut from marble, all sharp angles and long, smooth surfaces. John looked at him now and saw him in all the ways that screamed this is not how people look at their platonic friends, and he could no longer help it. One sultry glance from Sherlock right then would have brought John fully hard again in seconds.
That tamped down flame of desire burned brighter than ever now, and it troubled him. They walked together in silence, John’s mind turning over and over with increasingly dire conclusions about his rekindled attraction, and it wasn’t until Sherlock stopped short and caught John’s arm that his focus snapped back to the present.
“John. Stop.” John turned to look at him, and that was a mistake. Sherlock’s uncharacteristically open expression told John everything he didn’t want to know about the conversation they were about to have.
“Leave it. It’s fine,” John said, looking away. “Let’s just go home. Alright?”
Sherlock pressed his lips thin, a crease deepening between his brows. “You’re worrying about what happened. In the boot.” It wasn’t a question, but John shook his head anyway. “You think I’ll think differently of you. Judge you badly for it? I can assure you, John, that there is absolutely nothing to be—”
“That’s not.” John stepped away from him, turned his face away. He couldn’t do this right now. “That’s not what… I’m just. It was embarrassing. Okay? That’s all. I don’t want to talk about it. Please can we not talk about it?”
John could feel those piercing eyes boring into his back, and it only agitated him further. The last thing he wanted in that vulnerable moment was to be flayed open by Sherlock’s merciless observations. But after a moment, he heard Sherlock release a quiet breath.
“Alright,” he said, as if soothing a frightened colt, “Alright. I won’t mention it again.”
He resumed along their path, allowing John to fall into step beside him, grateful for the opportunity to regroup himself. The next time Sherlock spoke, he sounded almost genuinely spirited. “Shall we pick up some chips on the way home? That little place down Audley should still be open this time of night, I think.”
The automatic ‘no thanks’ was on the tip of his tongue, but John swallowed it, his throat suddenly tight. He knew Sherlock was just trying to cheer him up. An offer of chips should not be so endearing, but the idea of Sherlock willingly dropping a loose thread and attending to John’s needs spoke volumes about how much the man cared for him. His curiosity over the subject hadn’t abated, John knew, but he was making an effort to move them past it. That, at least, deserved some sort of a reward.
He forced a nod and a smile. “Yeah, okay. Let’s go get chips.”
Sherlock watched as John speared a chip with his plastic fork and blew a cooling stream of air onto the steaming morsel. Gripping it cautiously between his teeth before drawing it back onto his tongue, John’s stormcloud expression brightened minutely at the burst of flavour. It was a gratifying sign. Sherlock’s stomach did a little flip at the improvement.
For as long as he could remember, Sherlock had never concerned himself with trying to appease the people who attempted to call themselves his ‘friends’. Most, he observed, hung around him only for the simple convenience his deductive abilities provided. It certainly wasn’t for his charming personality.
In university, his classmates made sure to include him only up to a point where they could copy his notes and borrow his brain for their assignments. He was more human calculator than social equal, but he allowed it, because as shallow and self-serving as it was, some sad part of him had always thrived on the praise of others. Even now, the Yarders kept on tenuously amiable terms with him, only because they had too many murders to solve and not enough braincells between them to accomplish it.
John was different.
It was hard to pin down the reason John accepted him so readily, but it was nothing like the kind of selfishness others so frequently used him for. John hadn’t anything he would consider ‘valuable’ to gain by staying by Sherlock’s side— on the contrary, sometimes merely the fact of their acquaintance put John in considerable danger.
On the surface, John was an unremarkable man. In the months before meeting Sherlock, his life had been following the time-old script of the soldier returned home from war, injured and struggling to rediscover his place in common society. Had it not been for his limp, it would have been so easy to overlook him, to dismiss him off-hand as not worthy of a second glance.
But, that limp told a different story, a story spoken only in the subtext of his age-worn features. Psychosomatic. A traumatic injury, something laden with guilt. A friend had died, perhaps while John was still working to staunch the flow of blood, to keep him conscious just a few minutes more until help could arrive.
His friend had died. John had blamed himself for it, and Sherlock could tell, just by the look in his eyes, that he would have given anything to take his place on the sand.
When Sherlock looked again, he saw not just a lonely, suicidal Army medic with a shoulder injury and a deathwish, but a man brimming with untold secrets and endless, fascinating potential. John Watson was a man whose outward appearances belied a secret myriad of inner qualities.
What was it, then, that drew them together so inexorably?
From the first day they had met, Sherlock had dedicated a not-insubstantial corner of his Mind Palace to the collection and aggregation of every bit of data he could glean about his new friend John. From the exact fabric composition of his fluffy jumpers, to how often brand new crow’s feet would etch themselves into the lines of his eyes— it seemed the subject of John could never bore him, and more often than not, the man regularly found new ways to surprise him.
For the first time in his life, Sherlock found himself grasping for excuses to keep someone in his life, rather than push them away. Luckily for him, it had taken very little persuasion to have John pack up his meagre belongings, leave his dour little bedsit and move into Baker Street with him.
Nowadays, Sherlock couldn’t picture him living anywhere else.
That same man sat across from him now in the tiny chip shop, staring thoughtfully into his plate of chips as he chewed. Inside his brain, Sherlock knew, troublesome thoughts were swirling, grating, distracting him. He knew it was something about what happened in the boot of that car. But it couldn’t be such a simple thing as embarrassment, could it? That simply didn’t make any sense.
John was a soldier. He was also a doctor. He’d been to war, had men die in his arms. He was not a squeamish man. Natural bodily functions didn’t phase him, not usually. Not in the time Sherlock had known him, and he had shown John a great many mutilated corpses during their time together.
So then why was this bothering him? His body had responded as any normal human male would. Surely John knew that, so why was he suddenly behaving as if he’d crossed some uncrossable line, or revealed too much about himself?
Was there any truth in those observations? It was merely intuition, but Sherlock found himself at a loss, bereft of further data to expand upon any theory that presented itself. His friend, always such an open book to him, had suddenly closed himself off, as if Sherlock’s gaze could accidentally spark at some brittle part of him and set his entire, fragile inner world ablaze.
Sherlock wanted nothing more than to reach over and open his skull, peer inside and discover the cause of his uncharacteristic quiescence. But whatever it was, John didn’t want to discuss it. He’d said it, to Sherlock’s annoyance, in no uncertain terms.
It was tempting to ignore his wishes, to pick and pry at it, pull at the thread until the whole problem unravelled. Sherlock could get to the bottom of it, he knew. He could help, somehow. There would be something he could do, something he could say to make the whole thing go away. But John would probably appreciate that even less.
So he simply watched.
John lifted another chip to his mouth, his eyes flicking up to catch Sherlock’s across the table. Paused. Looked away, lowering his fork again. Shifted in his seat.
A moment later, Sherlock’s patience was rewarded.
“I’m about done with these. Sure you don’t want any?”
“I’m not hungry.”
“’Kay.” He cleared his throat. Stalling for time, or perhaps searching for the right words? “Sex always gives me an appetite.”
It was Sherlock’s turn to fidget, caught out by the unexpected admission. John seemed to hear the echo of his own words a moment later. His head flew up, eyes wide as he fumbled to correct himself. “Not that— That wasn’t— I just mean—”
“For God’s sakes, John. I knew what you meant.” Sherlock fought a losing battle against the smile tugging at the corners of his lips. John could be so adorable at times. “Anyway, I thought you didn’t want to talk about it.”
“I don’t,” John said, pushing his plate away.
It was nearing midnight when they exited the chip shop. The night chill had properly set in. Fortunately, home was just a few minutes walk from here. “I ‘spose it just seems… unfair,” John continued, apropos of nothing.
“What does?”
“That I ended up in that state, while you… I mean. You didn’t even.”
He waited. A minute later, it seemed John had given up his train of thought. Sherlock couldn’t bear to leave it. “Didn’t even what?”
“You didn’t even get hard!”
John’s voice rang out loud in the street. On the opposite pavement, a lone passer-by glanced their way, giving them an odd look. Sherlock glared at her until she had passed.
Frustrated and upset by his own outburst, John’s pace picked up considerably. Sherlock, with his long legs, easily kept pace with him. Now that John was opening up a little, he was not about to let this go easily. “That’s what’s bothering you?” he asked, not trying to hide the bewilderment in his voice. “That I didn’t get an erection?”
“No!” John cried. “No, just… Alright, yes. Yes. But not for the reason you’re probably thinking.”
“I can’t think of any reason.”
John huffed a tired, defeated laugh. They were at their front door. He fished the keys out of his jacket pocket, making quick work of the lock. Sherlock quietly followed him inside.
John shucked his jacket in the hallway as Sherlock hovered, enrapt by the unfolding drama, at his elbow. Could he really be blamed? He got excited at the sight of corpses, and this, whatever it was, was no more pleasant but equally as fascinating to him. It was something new about John, something unexpected, and Sherlock wanted nothing more than to understand it inside and out.
Upstairs, stepping into their flat, John was still quiet. Sherlock decided to try prompting him.
“You realise there’s a height difference between us,” he said, matter-of-factly. “There was little friction being applied on my end of the equation. And even if there were, you weren’t in the correct position to feel any evidence of it.”
John settled on the couch and scrubbed his hands over his eyes. “Yeah. Of course, that makes sense.”
Quiet again. Sherlock pursed his lips. In for a penny…
“Not that there would have been such evidence, either way.”
A flicker of confusion crossed John’s face. He looked up, meeting Sherlock’s eye. His Adam’s Apple bobbed as he swallowed once. Twice. Sherlock could see multiple conclusions being drawn and discarded behind his eyes from the simple statement. Eventually he said, “What’s that supposed to mean?”
Sherlock lifted one laconic shoulder and dropped into his leather chair by the hearth. It seemed the only way he would be able to tease out John’s secrets would be by revealing some of his own. It was a fair trade, he supposed, for a topic so personal.
“It means that I don’t feel things that way,” he said. “It would take a lot more than a few minutes of frotting, if it ever happened. Mostly, I just find that sort of contact… uncomfortable.”
He wasn’t prepared for the creeping horror that spread across John’s face as the words sank in.
Oh, he thought, a cold panic rising up his spine like a wave of frost. Was that… Not Good?
<ch1> –> <ch2> --> <ch3>
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