#still can’t type a circumflex | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

phoenixrisesoncemore · 3 years

Text

Tolkien the Horror Writer

I’m trolling The Lord of the Rings for a meta I am writing, and I came across this moment in “The Taming of Smeagol.” It’s not the part I need for my current meta, but it reminded me of how deeply frightening I found the novel, on my first read especially. It’s a type of horror Peter Jackson’s films never capture, with their penchant for the overly literal and their struggles with subtlety.

‘Yess. Yess. No!’ shrieked Gollum. ‘Once, by accident it was, wasn’t it, precious? Yes, by accident. But we won’t go back, no, no!’ Then suddenly his voice and language changed, and he sobbed in his throat, and spoke but not to them. ‘Leave me alone, gollum! You hurt me. O my poor hands, gollum! I, we, I don’t want to come back. I can’t find it. I am tired. I, we can’t find it, gollum, gollum, no, nowhere. They’re always awake. Dwarves, Men, and Elves, terrible Elves with bright eyes. I can’t find it. Ach!’ He got up and clenched his long hand into a bony fleshless knot, shaking it towards the East. ‘We won’t!’ he cried. ‘Not for you.’ Then he collapsed again. ‘Gollum, gollum,’ he whimpered with his face to the ground. ‘Don’t look at us! Go away! Go to sleep!’

‘He will not go away or go to sleep at your command, Sméagol,’ said Frodo. ‘But if you really wish to be free of him again, then you must help me. And that I fear means finding us a path towards him. But you need not go all the way, not beyond the gates of his land.’

Gollum sat up again and looked at him under his eyelids. ‘He’s over there,’ he cackled. ‘Always there. Orcs will take you all the way. Easy to find Orcs east of the River. Don’t ask Sméagol. Poor, poor Sméagol, he went away long ago. They took his Precious, and he’s lost now.’ ‘

Perhaps we’ll find him again, if you come with us,’ said Frodo.

‘No, no, never! He’s lost his Precious,’ said Gollum.

Gollum is caught in a vice, crushed between the ancient, never-lifting weight of lust for the Ring and the torture of his belief that he can never escape the gaze of the Eye. He is like those deprived of darkness, deprived of sleep, or deprived of privacy (“thy flesh shall be devoured, and thy shriveled mind be left naked to the Lidless Eye”).

Sauron, of course, cannot literally see Gollum here. But for Gollum, who has had the misfortune of experiencing Sauron both via the Ring and in person, Sauron, the nameless “He,” is always there. Like the rest of Tolkien’s representation of Evil, his gaze both is and isn’t: Sauron may not literally be able to see Gollum, but what difference does that make to Gollum so long as Gollum believes he can? Sauron’s greatest weapon is how he can change the perception people have of the world, themselves, each other. For those drawn into the spiral of desire and despair that is having borne the Ring, Sauron indeed becomes the axis of the whole world, fittingly enclosed high in his tower, a north to which your internal compass will now always point.

I found this so deeply horrifying that not long after my first read of The Lord of the Rings I had what is still one of the most vivid dreams I have ever had. I don’t remember why, but I was attempting to sneak into the Dark Tower. The logic of the dream (whatever there may have been) is long gone, but I still remember the assault it mounted on my senses and my emotions: the sights, the sounds, the cold of the stone floor, and the pulsing, smothering sense of utter dread from somewhere high above me. And that was just it: like Gollum, I knew. I could feel that suffocating, sickening, deadening presence. I could have, If I wasn’t careful, like the needle of a compass, turned without thinking towards the Eye.

#tolkien #Lord of the Rings #lotr #tolkien and horror #sauron #gollum #barad dur #still can’t type a circumflex #dreams #nightmares

47 notes · View notes

sisterofiris · 5 years

Text

How to normalise cuneiform

I’ve written before about how to read (and write) cuneiform in transliteration. In that post, I mentioned that there are two types of “transliteration”, transliteration proper (writing the value of each sign separated by hyphens, e.g. a-na-ku) and normalisation (writing the signs as single words, e.g. anāku). Since then, I’ve had a couple of people (@michi-izkur-ereshkigal, @justspectre) request a post on how, exactly to normalise. Here it is.

Before I start, a couple of reminders:

normalisation should always be used if the text is going to be read out; I also recommend using it in most non-academic contexts, because it looks nicer and is easier to read

Sumerian should not be normalised if you want anyone to translate the text; however, if its purpose is to be read out loud, or to look approachable (and, let’s face it, like an actual human language), normalisation is the way to go.

The basic principles of normalisation

It’s very simple: get rid of the hyphens, the determinatives and the numbers. Mu-na-du₃ becomes munadu. ᵈE-a becomes Ea. Kán-tu-zi-li becomes Kantuzili. And so on.

In some words, you will encounter two identical vowels in a row, like in ḫa-mi-in-kán. This is due to the nature of cuneiform, which can’t write a consonant without a vowel, and has nothing to do with the word’s pronunciation. Therefore, it should never be rendered as ḫamiinkan; just get rid of one of the vowels and write it as ḫaminkan.

This is not the case with consonants, however. If a word is written with a double consonant, like at-ta, it is intentional and should always be preserved: atta. A lot of words have both double vowels and double consonants: mi-im-ma is mimma (not miima or mima), ka-at-ta is katta, and so on.

Lastly, Akkadian and Hittite feature logograms taken from Sumerian, and in the case of Hittite, from Akkadian as well. As I explained in the post linked above, these are written in the language they’re taken from, in capital letters: LUGAL, UMMA, MEŠEDI, TUKUM.BI. In normalisation, they need to be replaced with the equivalent word (in the appropriate grammatical case; verbs need to be appropriately conjugated) in the language of the rest of the text. Note that the equivalent word isn’t always known in Hittite, so some logograms like DUMU must be left as logograms.

Sumerian

Because scholars rarely normalise Sumerian, I am not aware of any particular conventions beyond the above. The one thing worth noting is that Sumerian features final consonants at the end of many words, which are only pronounced if they are followed by a vowel. For instance, Inanna is actually Inanna(k), and ku₃ is actually ku₃(g). These final consonants don’t need to be rendered in normalisation - Inanna(k) should always be Inanna. The exception is, of course, if they are followed by a vowel, but in that case the following sign will repeat the consonant anyway: you’ll always see Inanna(k)-ka, never Inanna(k)-a, for Inannaka.

Also, bear in mind that older publications often use outdated readings for Sumerian signs. For example, what the ETCSL gives as dug is now read as du₁₁(g), ir₃ is arad₂, and much more. It’s not the end of the world if you, a non-Sumerologist, use some outdated readings, but if you want to be particularly accurate I would recommend finding a lexicon or sign list to check. The Leipzig-Münchner Sumerischer Zettelkasten and Mittermayer’s Altbabylonische Zeichenliste are both good for this. (Yes, they’re in German, but you don’t need to understand it to look up a Sumerian sign and see what variants are listed.)

Akkadian

Normalised Akkadian has a strict orthography which is difficult to work out if you haven’t studied the Akkadian language. The main difficulty is the spelling of long vowels, and double consonants written as single consonants: da-na-nu is actually danānu (not dananu), ki-ma is kīma, ta-dar is tāddar, etc. This can prove challenging for a non-Assyriologist.

If you still want to normalise an Akkadian text, I would advise you to find an Akkadian dictionary like the CAD, as well as a grammar (I recommend Huehnergard’s). Both combined will enable you to look up the word - or the specific form of the word - you’re dealing with, and will tell you how it is supposed to be spelled in normalisation.

Another feature of Akkadian is the presence of ultra-long vowels rendered with a circumflex, like in šamû. These are not always spelled out in cuneiform (ex. kiškattîm written as ki-iš-ka-ti-im) but they often are, as an extra vowel: ša-me-e, da-ru-u. If you see an extra vowel like this, don’t ignore it! Render it with a circumflex: šamê, darû.

Hittite

Normalising Hittite is particularly uneventful. All the general principles apply. The only two points deserving mention are, first, that Hittite also features long vowels spelled with an extra vowel. These should be written with a macron, not with a circumflex like in Akkadian: a-ap-pa is āppa, wa-a-tar is wātar, etc.

Second and last, Hittite, as an Indo-European language, sometimes has clusters of consonants that can’t be written in cuneiform (cuneiform only allows for two consonants in a row; Hittite sometimes has three). This means it has to insert an “empty” vowel, which you can identify by how the word is spelled: a sign ending in a consonant is followed by a sign beginning with a vowel. This usually never happens in Hittite cuneiform, so it’s a good indicator of an “empty” vowel (though you should check in a dictionary to make sure). As a result, ḫar-ak should be normalised as ḫark (not ḫarak), tar-aḫ-ta is tarḫta, and so on.

Have fun normalising, and as always, I’m available for any additional questions.

#damn i love cuneiform #cuneiform #mesopotamia #infodump

102 notes · View notes

intersex-ionality · 5 years

Note

O Mighty Keeper of Lost Ancient Knowledge, I, your humble servant, have learned much on flag design at your knee. Do you perchance have any wisdom on the creation of attractive yet accessible fonts/typefaces that you could share?

God, I wish.

Typography and calligraphy are such intriguing art forms, but I have only a limited amount of knowledge about them.

What I do know is this:

A slightly more space between letters (kerning) will make your font easier to read.

Having the bottom of the font be slightly thicker than the top will also make it slightly easier to read. Slightly wider lines or slightly wider spacing will both work. Something that makes the letters “sit” on the bottom line.

Serifs are for print or for large fonts in a digital format, such as titles or posters.

They don’t read as well in small sizes on screens.

A good font is only as good as its punctuation. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve found a beautiful font for a piece of art or typography, only to be forced to throw it away because commas or parentheses default back to Arial instead of matching. People like to say there are 14 punctuation marks in English; that’s debatable. After all the @ at symbol and the # hashtag symbol aren’t on that list.

But, to be getting started, you’ll want to include a period, comma, and question mark.

The most common letters you want for multi-lingual romantic alphabet typing are: All vowels with all accents (grave, acute, circumflex, wedge, umlaut and tilde), A with over-ring, N with tilde, C with cedilla, merged A and E, merged O and E, O that’s slashed through (sorry Denmark, I don’t know what it’s called). These additional characters won’t give you complete coverage of the entirety of Europe, but they’ll get you further than most.

I have to assume there’s a way to just program diacritics (accent marks, cedilla, etc are called diacritics) directly into fonts so you just have to make the base alphabet and then pop the extras on. But I have no idea how! Still, one must assume that’s how the Arial font can be used to write Vietnamese.

If you can figure that out, it’s probably better to do that than to custom make extra characters.

There’s a word for versions of characters that have extra levels or layers to them, but I don’t know it. For example, when you’re writing a lower case a by hand, most people do a circle with a tail; most fonts do a circle with a tail and a little roof. Most people writing a lower case g will have the tail be open, but some fonts make the g’s tail be a closed circle. The additional details that many digital fonts have can make it easier to identify the letter, but it can also exhaust the eye. Fonts that don’t do that are usually easier to read.

The most important factor for making a font easy to read, in my opinion, is to make sure that no two letters have the same character.

In a lot of fonts, lower case b d p q are all the same character, mirrored over different axes. This means the brain has to put forth more effort to decode which character is which. Usually, our brains can do this very easily, but factors ranging from visual impairment to dyslexia to exhaustion make it harder.

Things to look out for are:

Lower case b d p q

Upper case i and lower case L

Upper case E and 3

Upper case B, lower case g, and 8

Upper case Q and lower case a.

Lower case g, q and y.

IIRC, I have a couple of followers who are actual graphic designers and typographers. If they chime in and let me know who they are, I will be sure to add them to this post, because they’ll probably know more than I do.

#Anonymous #My Words

5 notes · View notes

saltytimetravelcollection · 3 years

Text

Symboles Facebook

The list of special characters and symbols below can be copied and pasted into your Twitter and Facebook posts to give your posts and tweets originality. Tip Microsoft Windows 10 users can press and hold the Windows key and then press the period key to open a window that allows you to insert emoji, kaomoji, and symbols.

Cool Characters and Symbols for Facebook

Emoji - also called, emoticons or smiley faces. IOS and Android natively support 845 emoji, and Facebook supports half of them, including choices such as heart/love symbols, stars, signs and animals. After you insert these emoji codes into Facebook, your friends will see the colorful icons across all desktop, iPhone and Android devices.

Facebook users are able to post a number of things whether as a status update or through chat. One entertaining way of communicating with your friends is by putting symbols on your chat messages. Better yet, people can use symbols to get creative in their status updates. To learn how to use symbols on Facebook, see method 1.

If you are looking for a detailed list of Facebook abbreviations and symbols, then you have come to the right page. In the following article, you will find some of the common abbreviations and their meanings that will make your social networking experience fun.

Copy-paste these ones. If you are looking for a way to type symbols right from your keyboard then view Alt Codes. But most of symbols listed here cannot be inputted by using Alt codes. In fact, you can type only 255 different characters with Alt codes. So these facebook symbols are cooler. =)

Coolest signs

ツ ♋ 웃 유 Σ ⊗ ♒ ☠ ☮ ☯ ♠ Ω ♤ ♣ ♧ ♥ ♡ ♦♢♔ ♕ ♚ ♛ ★ ☆ ✮ ✯ ☄ ☾ ☽ ☼ ☀ ☁ ☂ ☃ ☻ ☺ ۞ ۩ ♬ ✄ ✂ ✆ ✉ ✦ ✧ ∞ ♂ ♀ ☿ ❤ ❥ ❦ ❧ ™ ® © ✗ ✘ ⊗ ♒ ▢ ▲ △ ▼ ▽ ◆ ◇ ○ ◎ ● ◯ Δ ◕ ◔ ʊ ϟ ღ 回 ₪ ✓ ✔ ✕ ✖ ☢ ☣ ☤ ☥ ☦ ☧ ☨ ☩ ☪ ☫ ☬ ☭

Smileys

☹ ☺ ☻ ت ヅツッシ Ü ϡ

Gender, love, heart

♋ ♂ ♀ ☿ ♥ ❤ ❥ 웃 유 ♡ ۵ ❣

Weather: sun, rain, snow, temperature

☼ ☀ ☁ ☂ ☃ ☄ ☾ ☽ ❄ ☇ ☈ ⊙ ☉ ℃ ℉ °

Music

♪ ♫ ♩ ♬ ♭ ♮ ♯ ° ø

Flower

✽ ✾ ✿ ❀ ❁ ❃

™ ℠ © ® ℗

Money - Currency symbols

€ £ ¥ ¢ ƒ ₩

Percent

% ℅ ‰ ‱

Symbols by categories

Chess

♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟ ♔ ♕ ♖ ♗ ♘ ♙

Hands

☚ ☛ ☜ ☝ ☞ ☟

Snow/Star

✦ ★ ☆ ✰ ✮ ✯ ❇ ❈ ❅ ❄ ❆ ╰☆╮

Messaging/Writing

✉ ✍ ✎ ✏ ✐✑✒ ⌨

Checked

☑ ✓ ✔

X, No/Unchecked, band aid

☐ ☒ ☓ ✕ ✖ ✗ ✘

Pinned

☌

Scissors

✄ ✂

More symbols

All text symbols for Facebook ϡCollection of cool computer text symbols. All facebook symbols. ❤ ♥ ❥ My large hand-made list of more than a hundred cool characters. Truly amazing! ヅツッ

Symbol tools

Encool tool - generate cool text with symbolsMake cool text messages with special text signs and symbols. Enrich your text with cool symbols. Fantastic funny accent letters and symbols. Ḉσмє їη❣

aboqe - Flip message letters and text characters Upside Downaboqe generator is a tool that can flip your text upside down by using special letters, symbols and characters. Flip your messages 180°. For Facebook, MySpace, etc.

Post on Facebook

All Answers on facebook symbols problemsBasic help on facebook symbols. Why some symbols may show up as squares. How to do symbols from keyboard, laptop. How to make big font for special characters. How to post symbols to your website.

Change Facebook name ت to add symbols, or fully hide FB namesExplaining how to change your Facebook name. Also explaining how you can add Facebook symbols to your name/surname on FB.

Other Symbols

Alt CodesUse Alt codes to make text symbols and special characters from your keyboard, or laptop. Guide for PC and laptop + full list of Alt codes. Windows alt codes and keyboard symbols on Mac and Linux. Pimp your MySpace and Facebook profiles, or create some useful text symbols like umlauts, copyright, trademark, registered sign, euro, pound, etc. right from your keyboard.

Foreign language LettersGreek, French, Spanish, German letters and punctuation signs. List of foreign language text letters, symbols and characters and their Alt codes. Umlauts, diacritics, acute accents, breve, circumflex letters, upside-down question/exclamation and other. Small capital letters.

Text Emoticons and SmileysText emoticons and smileys for messages, chat and status on Facebook, Myspace, etc. Made with and without the use of cool text symbols.

For Facebook chat

Facebook Chat codes for Bold and Underlined text styleFacebook chat codes to make your text bold or underlined. Use _ and * signs to make where you want to underline chat text, or make it bold.

Facebook plugins - smileys and moreBrowser plugins and add-ons for Facebook. Plugins for things like additional Facebook smileys and cool custom layouts.

Character codes for Websites

Enty tool - Escape special HTML / JavaScript character entitiesJavascript tool to convert your text with symbols into HTML, or Javascript character entities. You can insert the whole text and it will just escape special characters, leaving other characters alone. You can leave tags and ampersands unconverted.

Quick info

Facebook symbols are Unicode-encoded special characters. I picked some cool and unusually-looking symbols for my collection. You can find here funny chinese signs, cross, peace symbol, cool skull, stars, and the list seems endless. People usually use them in facebook chat, status, to make text emoticons, nicknames or whatever. So use your imagination and have fun, lucky.

How to use

Just copy-paste symbols that you like into your status, comments, messages. You can't put it into facebook names, as of now, but there still are many uses.

Though, strangely, it seems like some symbols can form 'combos' (like in video games) =) and don't work if you put them one after another. So if you see some of your symbols turning into squares after you have put some new symbol into the input field - that might be a problem. To solve it just press 'Ctrl' + 'Z' and don't put these troublemaker symbols. Or put them in a first place.

Right-left

Notice that there are some right-to-left written symbols here, and if you put them - characters you put after them may appear before them. Tricky ones ^.^

Fonts

Funny thing about these symbols is that they are different in different fonts (like 'Arial', 'Helvetica', etc.). I noticed this when I've seen snowman and umbrella look different in Firefox and Chrome. They looked better in Firefox. Partners: поисковая оптимизация веб сайтов реклама сайта цена SEO оптимизации реклама сайта в интернете цена контекстной рекламы официальная реклама инстаграм реклама в Facebook продвижение в соцсетях заказать раскрутку сайта цена баннерной рекламы silicone sex dolls for sale female sex dolls artificial intelligence price sex doll online love doll for sale realistic silicon sex dolls cheap life size sex dolls for sale tpe sex dolls on sale japanese sex dolls purchase affordable customizable sex dolls

Emoji Symbols Facebook Copy Paste

Symbols

☮ ✈ ♋ 웃 유 ☠ ☯ ♥ ✌ ✖ ☢ ☣ ☤ ⚜

♨ ❖ ❤ ❥ ❦ ❧ ♡ ✗ ✘ ⊗ ♒ Ω ♦ ♠ ♥ ♣ ♢ ♤ ♡ ♧ ✦ ✧ ♔ ♕ ♚ ♛ ★ ☆ ✮ ✯ ☄ ☾ ☽ ☼ ☀ ☁ ☂ ☃ ☻ ☺ ۩ ♪ ♫ ♬ ✄ ✂ ✆ ✉ ∞ ♂ ♀ ☿ ▲ ▼ △ ▽ ◆ ◇ ◕ ◔ ʊ ϟ ღ 回 ₪ ✓ ✔ ✕ ☥ ☦ ☧ ☨ ☩ ☪ ☫ ☬ ☭ ™ © ® ¿¡ №⇨ ❝❞ ∃ ⊥ ∀ Ξ ∞ Σ Π ⌥ ⌘ 文 ⑂ ஜ ๏ ⚓ ⎈

Smileys

☹ ☺ ☻ ت ヅツッシ Ü ϡ ﭢ

Also, take a look at my Text Emoticons and Smileys collection.

Money - Currency symbols

€ £ ¥ ¢ ƒ ₩

Blackboard bold (Double-struck) letters

ℂ ℍ ℕ ℙ ℚ ℝ ℤ

Antique letter characters

ℬ ℰ ℯ ℱ ℊ ℋ ℎ ℐ ℒ �� ℳ ℴ ℘ ℛ ℭ ℮ ℌ ℑ ℜ ℨ

Chess

♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟ ♔ ♕ ♖ ♗ ♘ ♙

Hands

☚ ☛ ☜ ☝ ☞ ☟ ✌

Cross

☩ ☨ ☦ ✙ ✚ ✛ ✜ ✝ ✞ ✠

Snow/Star

⋆ ✢ ✣ ✤ ✥ ✦ ✧ ✩ ✪ ✫ ✬ ✭ ✮ ✯ ✰ ★ ✱ ✲ ✳ ✴ ✵ ✶ ✷ ✸ ✹ ✺ ✻ ✼ ❄ ❅ ❆

Flowers

✽ ✾ ✿ ❀ ❁ ❃ ❋

Music

♪ ♫ ♩ ♬ ♭ ♮

Weather: sun, rain, snow, temperature

☼ ☀ ☁ ☂ ☃ ☄ ☾ ☽ ❄ ☇ ☈ ⊙ ☉ ℃ ℉ ° ❅ ✺ ϟ

Beliefs

✌ ☮ ♆ 卐

Religious

☪ ✡ † ☨ ✞ ✝ ☥ ☦ ☓ ♁ ☩

Political

Ⓐ ☭ ✯

Gender, love, heart

♥ ❤ ❥ ❣ ❦ ❧ ♡ ♋ ♂ ♀ ☿ 웃 유 ღ ۵

Text-message, Write

✉ ✍ ✎ ✏ ✐✑✒ ⌨

Checked

☑ ✓ ✔ √

X, No/Unchecked, band aid

☐ ☒ ☓ ✕ ✖ ✗ ✘ ✇

Question, exclamation marks

❢ ❣ ⁇ ⁈ ⁉ ‼ ‽

More symbols

All cool symbols

All text symbols for Facebook ϡCollection of cool computer text symbols. All facebook symbols. ❤ ♥ ❥ My large hand-made list of more than a hundred cool characters. Truly amazing! ヅツッ

Facebook text art symbols

You can also input ASCII symbols right from your keyboard by using Alt Codes. In this way you can write a part of facebook symbols that is visible on any system. People usually use those characters to draw text art.

Symbol tools

Post on Facebook

Change Facebook name ت to add symbols, or fully hide FB namesExplaining how to change your Facebook name. Also explaining how you can add Facebook symbols to your name/surname on FB.

Symbols Facebook Copy And Paste

Symbols Facebook Copy

Other Symbols

Text ArtCool ASCII text art. Text pictures made with standard keyboard symbols and basic ASCII computer symbols and characters. Made specially for Facebook and MySpace users. Biggest and best collection.

Text Emoticons and SmileysText emoticons and smileys for messages, chat and status on Facebook, Myspace, etc. Made with and without the use of cool text symbols.

Facebook Codes For Symbols

For Facebook chat

Facebook Chat codes for Bold and Underlined text styleFacebook chat codes to make your text bold or underlined. Use _ and * signs to make where you want to underline chat text, or make it bold.

Symboles Facebook Caracteres Speciaux

Facebook plugins - smileys and moreBrowser plugins and add-ons for Facebook. Plugins for things like additional Facebook smileys and cool custom layouts.

Character codes for Websites

0 notes