#paleontology news

[arminreindl]

I know I usually talk about crocs, but this is too good not to share. A new giant basilosaurid whale with weird anatomy from the Eocene of Peru. Perucetus colossus is a peculiar animal. It's bones were incredibly thick and incredibly dense, very much unlike those of modern whales and even more extreme than even those of the thicker basilosaurids (aptly named Pachycetinae i.e. thick whales). These adaptations have been compared to modern manatees and dugongs. Know the weight range is highly dependent on what you base the math on. Using manatees as a proxy, you get a weight of "only" 85 tons....using extreme values for whales a whopping 340 tons. Mean values for whales a still really big 180 tons. This could indicate that Perucetus rivaled the Blue Whale as the worlds heaviest animal ever.

The ecology is poorly understood tho. We know basilosaurids preferred coastal waters, and with all the similarities to manatees it is reasonable to assume that Perucetus was a shallow water animal itself. It also likely wasn't the fastest swimmer. And the lack of a skull basically means we can't say much on its diet. We can wager a guess and say it wasn't a predator because, you know....it also likely wasn't a grazer. Cool as it would be, we don't really have herbivorous whales like that so its incredibly unlikely. The two more likely suggestions are that it lived on small animals burried in the ocean floor, sorta like a grey whale. Or that it was a scavenger like a sleeper shark (tho I find that suggestion far less likely, giving me scavenging T.rex vibes ngl). But again, once we get a skull we can talk about this better.

Sidenote I do find the name a little underwhelming. It's a bizarre animal and the best we could come up with is "Colossal whale from Peru". I'm also not a mammal person, but from what I'm being told the silhouette is a little exaggerated and it wasn't necessarily that thick in life.

Life reconstruction by A. Gennari, paper can be found here A heavyweight early whale pushes the boundaries of vertebrate morphology | Nature

#perucetus #basilosauridae #paleontology news #palaeoblr #prehistory #eocene #early whale #evolution #science #whale

[an-onyx-void]

I think I love him

#fossil daddy #huffington post #american news #internet news #united states news #paleontology #paleontology news #I'm done now... thank you!

[amnhnyc]

Research alert! New insights into mammalian tooth, jaw, and ear evolution, gleaned from analyzing fossils of two Jurassic-era mammal species from China, are reshaping how scientists think about early mammals. This research, led by scientists at the Museum and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, focuses on two new species of fossil mammals—Feredocodon chowi and Dianoconodon youngi—that offer new evidence about early mammalian evolution.

“Scientists have been trying to understand how the mammalian middle ear evolved since Darwin’s time,” said Jin Meng, a curator in the Museum’s Division of Paleontology and a corresponding author on both papers. “These new fossils bring to light a critical missing link and enrich our understanding of the gradual evolution of the mammalian middle ear.”

Check out our latest blog post to learn more!

Image: Chuang Zhao

#science #museum #fossil #nature #amnh #animals #natural history #ancient animals #jurassic #did you know #new research #resear #paleontology #mammals #evolution #mammalogy #fossils

[thejakeformerlyknownasprince]

Errors, “Errors,” and Sci Fi

@strawberry-crocodile

tvtropes calls stuff like the wolf example "science matches on" which I think is a pretty fair shake

This.  This is what’s got me thinking so much about errors.  There’s a certain danger, here.  A certain way that this particular effect — delicious dramatic irony — tempts the mind when reading old stories, even true ones.

What do you know about R.M.S. Titanic? I ask my class every year, and the first hand rises.  “It was unsinkable,” the student inevitably says, and everyone is nodding, “or so they thought.”  I write the word UNSINKABLE on the board, underneath my crude drawing of a ship with four smokestacks.  It will be crossed out before the end of the hour, but not for the reason they expect.

“I find no evidence,” Walter Lord, preeminent biographer of the ship’s survivors, wrote, “that Titanic was ever advertised as unsinkable. This detail seems to have entered the collective mind so as to create a more perfect irony.”  Indeed, historians’ examinations of White Star Line documents show the shipbuilders themselves worried it would be so large as to risk collision; they stocked several more lifeboats than 1910s regulations required.

The War to End All Wars (deep breath, satisfied exhale), also known as World War ONE. Chuckle.  Shake of the head.  What if I told you that this phrase, used primarily in American newspapers after the fact, wasn’t meant to be literal? Nowadays we’d say The Mother of All Wars, or One Hell of a Fucking War, but we wouldn’t mean literal motherhood, literal intercourse.  What if I said the armistice and the Lost Generation and the Roaring 20s were all braced for another outbreak of European conflict, and yet we still failed to prevent it?

Did you know they were so confident in the safety of the S.S. Challenger that they put a civilian schoolteacher onboard? I do, because I’ve heard that one repeated many times.  Only, see, it’s got the cause and effect reversed.  Challenger launched on a day the shuttle’s engineers knew to be dangerously cold, because the first civilian in space was on board. And NASA knew its shuttle project would be cancelled entirely, if they couldn’t get that civilian’s much-delayed entry into space in the next two weeks.  So they launched on a cold day, and killed her instead.

These are all what cognitive science calls Hindsight Bias on the personal level, what sociology calls Presentism on the cultural level.  Social psychology’s a little of both, is primarily interested in why you’re sitting on your couch in a Colonize Mars shirt watching PBS and chuckling at the fools who believed in El Dorado.  It wants to know why the mind flees straight from “marijuana will kill you” to “marijuana will cure cancer” without so much as a pause on the middle ground of its real benefits and drawbacks, its real (mild) risks and rewards.

And they can paralyze the sci-fi writer, if you think too much about them. Jetsons is futurist one decade, retro the next.  “There are no bathrooms on the Enterprise,” the creators of Serenity say smugly, as if Gene Roddenberry should’ve simply known that decades later it’d be acceptable to show a man peeing in full view of the camera, nothing but the curve of the actor’s hand to protect his modesty.  “No sound in space,” the Fandom Menace says, “No explosions in space,” and “A space station can’t collapse in zero-G.”  Only then NASA burns a paper napkin outside of atmosphere, transmits music using only the ghost of nearby planets’ gravities, and logs onto Reddit long enough to point out the Death Star would implode in its own gravity field.  And now we’re the ones pointing, the ones laughing, at those earlier point-and-laughers.  Self-satisfied, smug in superiority.  As if we did the work to find out ourselves, instead of just happening to be born a little later than George Lucas.

#errors #continuity #sci fi #presentism #star wars #titanic #world war i #science marches on #history #started a new post because i got waaaaaay off topic here #if you think the dinosaurs in Jurassic Park (1993) should've had feathers #you're a lot more ignorant about paleontology than the people you're trying to criticize #science was not handed down to us in its perfect complete form circa 1943 #stop for a second before you call out someone else's reptilian denonychus #someone else's oxygenated moon #and ask: am i better read #or am i just more recently born?

[nazrigar]

Year of the Dragon 2024

A spin off of my Pop Culture Paleoart series, and a tribute to the concept of the dragon, from the mythological beasts that inspire awe and wonder, to the plethora of dragons of pop culture... and of course the great reptiles that either probably inspired them or are named after.

From the lovable bearded dragon to the mighty Komodo dragon, and the creatures of the past that we also name after the awe-inspiring creature.

I'll leave y'all to guess which dragon is which in this piece, but I can give you the names of the dragons of our world:

Komodo Dragon

Bearded Dragon

Common Flying Dragon (Draco volans)

Sailfin Dragon

And for the past:

Quetzalcoatlus

Smok wawelski

Dracovenator

Guidraco

Ikrandraco

Guanlong

#my art #nazrigart #pop culture paleontology #httyd #how to train your dragon #monster hunter #chinese new year #year of the dragon #lunar new year 2024 #hydra #mythology #maleficent #monsterverse #spyro #digimon #pokemon #charizard #dragon ball

[ambylotl]

WHAT A HEFTY BOIE!!!!!!

a sizeable lad!!!

Perucetus, my beloved blorbo!!!! ive only known you for a day but i am literally so obsessed with you now aaaaaaaa!!!! the boy already is getting a bit controversial, so i added a more reasonable, standard basilosaurus-shaped version as well they are frens

#perucetus #digital art #paleoart #paleontology #marine life #whale #heckin chonker #new whale just dropped #orb

[alphynix]

#paleontology #paleobotany #new species #sanfordiacaulis #incertae sedis #plant #tree #carboniferous

[leopard-shark]

old lady :]

#wanted to try something new so i drew her on paper then coloured her digitally #tyrannosaurus rex #tyrannosaurid #art #paleoart #paleo art #paleontology #paleoblr #how do i tag

[ornithologyorthodoxy]

12/10/23

(This one’s for @fuckyeahcoelacanths )

#new apartment #same old fish #channukah #happy chanukah #chanukah 2023 #coelacanth #paleontology #paleoart #ceramic sculpture #back for 2023 #menorah

[theantiazdarcho]

Inawentu oslatus’ paper came out and…. HOLY MOLY

#speculative biology #speculative ecology #speculative evolution #speculative zoology #traditional art #traditional sketch #spectember #specposium #paleontology #fanart #paleo meme #paleo art #paleontologist #paleostream #paleomedia #paleoillustration #paleoart #titanosaurus #sauropod #new discovery #news #viralpost

[arminreindl]

Baru iylwenpeny: The Last Baru

Happy to announce that there's just been a major new publication for mekosuchines. The Alcoota Baru, which I briefly touched upon in my post on the genus, has finally been named. The new name, Baru iylwenpeny (pronounced eel-OON-bin-yah), derives from the Eastern Anmatyerr dialect (part of the Arrernte language) and means "good at hunting". A name that seems quite fitting when you look at the skull.

As a reminder, this animal stems from the Alcoota Fossil Site in Australia and dates to the Late Miocene, making it the youngest of the three recognized Baru species.

Previously this species was already referred to as being "the most robust Baru" and they weren't kidding. This thing looks more like something out of the Cretaceous than an animal that lived a mere 8 million years ago.

The morphology is interesting in many ways. Many of the ridges that are so prominent in Baru wickeni and less developed in Baru darrowi are absent. The seventh and eight tooth are so close they theres basically no space. Instead of four teeth like other Baru it has five in each premaxilla and the nasals reach the nares, like in Baru wickeni but unlike in Baru darrowi. The teeth also show the same small serrations as Baru darrowi and, unlike either of the other species, the jaws appear much less wavy not because they are but because the first festoon of the maxilla is followed up by a second one so developed it makes the first look almost flat. It's a fascinating mosaic of characters that makes its relation to the other species a puzzling question. You'd think that the ridges for instance point at it being derived? After all wouldn't it make sense? Baru wickeni had the most developed rigdes, Baru darrowi smaller ones and Baru iylwenpeny none. Plus, the teeth of Baru wickeni are smooth unlike those of later forms. Yet at the same time.... The fact that it has five teeth instead of four and the fact that the nasals reach the nares are both ancestral traits, so you'd expect it to be closer to the base.

Left: Baru wickeni Right: Baru darrowi

Well, while I think this isn't going to be the final place of this species among Baru, the most recent phylogenetic analysis suggests that Baru iylwenpeny was weirdly enough the basalmost species. Which means that it must have split from the other two species at the latest during the Late Oligocene and outlived the both of them without us ever knowing.

The paper also discusses how these animals may have gone extinct. If you look back at Kalthifrons, you might remember how I mentioned that mekosuchines kinda had a drop in diversity when transitioning from the Miocene to Pliocene. While the new paper avoids calling this a drop in diversity, it does highlight that there certainly was a turnover in fauna. The reason is an old enemy of mekosuchines. Climate. Yates and colleagues suggest that Australia was hit by an especially nasty dry period at the end of the Miocene, severe enough to drive Baru to its death but not severe enough to whipe out all mekosuchines. And after Baru was gone, Kalthifrons and Paludirex moved into the open niche.

There's also a final little piece of information that's not focused on yet really fascinating. Baru iylwenpeny had a friend. At least one other croc lived at the Alcoota site during the Late Miocene and tho it hasn't been studied in full yet, one thing is apparently known. It was a relative to the Bullock Creek taxon that coexisted with Baru darrowi and a relative to "Baru" huberi, the small croc that coexisted with Baru wickeni. This grouping has yet to be given a name, but its fascinating to me that each Baru species seemingly coexisted with a much smaller mekosuchine. Alas, like Baru this lineage seems to have fallen victim to climate change.

Baru wickeni and "Baru" huberi, in truth an unnamed genus.

The paper is accessible here for those that wan't to dive deeper into the matter. I'll also be working on an updated size chart, this time featuring all three species of Baru, tho I can already tell you that despite being more robust its surprisingly not that much larger.

The last Baru (Crocodylia, Mekosuchinae): a new species of ‘cleaver‐headed crocodile’ from central Australia and the turnover of crocodylians during the Late Miocene in Australia (wiley.com)

#baru #baru iylwenpeny #alcoota baru #alcoota fossil site #miocene #paleontology #palaeoblr #crocs #crocodile #mekosuchinae #paleontology news #prehistory

[redekpal3oart]

Mekosuchus walking in to shallow pond.

Samll and last land crocodile that lived in what is now new caledonia. Realy amazing lil fella.

#art #drawing #paleoart #mesozoic #paleontology #palaeoblr #paleomedia #prehistoric #science #mekosuchus #new caledonia #scifiart #speculative biology

[amnhnyc]

🐉 Long before the development of paleontology as we know it, people unearthed fossilized bones and believed they had found the remains of dragons from an earlier age.

🐉 Happy Year of the Dragon! What animal are you? Emojis only.

#amnh #museum #fossil #dinosaur #natural history #science #paleontology #nature #animals #year of the dragon #lunar new year #chinese new year #did you know #fact of the day #dragons

[cathartic-crypt]

everyone come say hi to spring bean :D

#paleo pines #ooo new shiny watermark :3 #also this game is so cute #the little bounces and sounds the dinos make #AUEUAEAEUE <- (CRYING) #paleoblr #gallimimus #dinosaur #dinosaur art #idk what to tag this as #dino art #paleoart #paleontology #paleo pines art #crypt collection

[cj-kenobi]

okay I don't usually post my traditional art here but I drew a spinosaurus and I love it so so much so please look at him

#it was my first time using an underpainting and i was Afraid #i also got new crayons which were Hella expensive but 100% worth it #spinosaurus #traditional art #paleoart #paleontology art #gouache #gouache painting #wax crayons #alligator gar

[reincarnationofellewoods]

#academic interests #marine biology #paleontology enthusiast #megalodon #new research reveals #sharks #prehistoric species #paleontology #womenthatlovescience