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macgyvermedical · 9 months

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If you lost like a litre of blood or whatever but fixed whatever was wrong and ur fine now, does the blood just. Come back?? I'm sorry this sounds so stupid when I actually write it down lol but like.... if u didn't get any blood from like transfusions (I think that's the word? sorry I'm so sleepy and not thinking rn) would the blood that you lost just somehow be created again???? Sorry maybe im just really sleep deprived rn

Yes it does!

Your blood is made of 4 main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Plasma is the liquid, protein-rich part of the blood that carries the cells, platelets, enzymes, and wastes where they need to go in the body. Plasma makes up about 55% of blood volume. It gets some of it's proteins from the liver and some from the bone marrow. Since plasma is mostly water, it is very quick to regenerate, usually taking only about 48 hours to return blood volume to normal after donation or blood loss, assuming the person is well hydrated.

Red blood cells are what make blood look red. They make up 35-45% of blood volume. They carry oxygen from the lungs to the cells in the body, and carry carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs to be exhaled. Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow, and take between 4-8 weeks to replenish themselves after donation or blood loss, assuming the person has adequate iron reserves.

White blood cells are immune cells that make antibodies and fight infection. They account for about 1% of the blood volume. They are made in the bone marrow and take about 3-7 days to replace themselves after donation or blood loss.

Platelets are tiny fragments of cells that start the clotting process after an injury. They make up less than 1% of the blood volume. They are made in the bone marrow and take about 72 hours to replenish themselves after donation or blood loss.

Of all of these, the red blood cells take the longest to regenerate themselves, so it would really take about 2 months total if someone lost blood to completely regenerate that blood. Now, since the red blood cells are needed to circulate oxygen and carbon dioxide, and we can't go without that ability for 2 months while we make more of those cells, a transfusion provides some red blood cells to cover the gap. Those cells will eventually die (red blood cells only live about 120 days), but they will give the body a chance to make it's own cells again.

#whump reference #writing reference #blood #blood donation #blood loss

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aloy-sobek · 2 months

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Vet Bills and a Sick Kitty Boy

Hello all, over the past month and a half I have incurred some medical bills for my cat Alistair, that while one bill hurts but isn't world ending. Multiple have put us in a bind.

Our Total: $430/$1176.86

My Paypal: tielfingriley or paypal.me/tieflingriley

The Story:

So my sweet yet very hungry boy Alistair, had been having stomach troubles. He's 12 years old, so not uncommon for a cat his age, and he has always had a bit of a sensitive tum, but this was different. He was projectile vomiting mostly water, and I had noticed he was loosing weight. He is a long cat, and his healthy weight sits at 15-16 pounds.

So we take him to the vet and the do a initial blood panel with a special panel to check a for a heart protein, it is here that I learn my asthmatic cat also has a heart murmur! But because of the special check it had to be sent to THE ONLY LAB IN THE US THAT CHECKS FOR IT, which meant it was pricey

Good news, blood came back fine. His heart and kidneys weren't failing but he was still vomiting water at this time. At this point we were moved to a different vet who noted his long term tum issues. Informing me that long term inflammation can lead to Gastrol Intestinal Cancer. (Maybe) They only DEFINITIVE way of checking was to slice him open and do biopsies, which wasn't ideal. Instead we opted for an Ultrasound, it would check for inflammation, which would say absolutely yes or no on inflammation, but would still be a maybe on the cancer (however its the same treatment either way). But could also check Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder. I of course chose this because it was far less invasive to the boy. Alistair did need to be sedated. He isn't a violent cat, but he is a squirmy noodle.

This is when things got really spicy for us financially. You see this happened RIGHT before my birthday. Like legit I found out my cat had maybe cancer the day before. And my husband a few weeks prior had bought me a rather nice gift of storage drawers? IDK what you would call it but furniture for my art supplies to be stored in. It was a bit pricey but I was having a rough time and a history of astronomically shitty birthdays. (As you can see, the universe has a sense of humor)

So the Ultrasound came back. Yes there are signs of inflammations, so cancer is still a maybe. However, what had the doctors eyes and was concerning her more was the pancreas. It was, extended and incorrect. She believed that it wasn't producing a enzyme to help break down food, particularly fat, for absorption. Essentially, on top of the inflammation, Alistair was slowly starving to death. However before just popping some pig panceas pills inside my boy, she wants to make sure. So more blood work, TO THE ONLY LAB IN THE US OF COURSE, an another bill.

Now we are waiting on this information. He is on some pro and prebiotics that have stopped the vomiting entirely. However his weight is still quite thin. I am unsure if we will have more hefty bills. For reference a checkup at this vet is 50 bucks. So normally its not to rough on us, and check up plus vaccines is 100 which is a planned event. None of this was planned to say the least.

AND NOW THE SAPPY SHIT

Alistair saved my life. I know logically getting a cat as a means to not kill yourself isn't the best thing to do, but sometimes you gotta do what you gotta do. Ive had him since September of 2012. I love that fluffy biscuit stealing bastard with my entire heart. I have a tattoo on him on my arm, my first and currently only tattoo. Because of him, I was able to live a longer and healthier life and I want that for him.

Despite being a cat, he loves biscuits, potato chips, and the tops of muffins but only the tops. He can and will open cookie jars for cookies. I have explained he is an obligate carnivore and he has explained like a good southern he cant turn down a carb.

He will fist fight you for cheese. Love to play fetch with a hair tie. Isn't a lap cat with the exception of me. LOVES NAPS, and likes to watch Markiplier.

He's a very good boy with separation anxiety, and tummy issues who just wants to nap and eat and I think we can all relate.

Oh...and he has a little mustache

Thank you to all who donate and to everyone who spreads the word to help us get out of this debt.

#Fundraising #gofundme #Donate if you can #But absolutely reblog #Thank you so much #Alistair the cat #Cat

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hueningkoi · 11 months

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Got F in liver enzymes from my blood tests and my enzymes are waaaay too high so I'm forced to stop taking my cystic fibrosis medication for a week because it affects the liver and I cant take any pain killers or drink alcohol for a while which i mean not drinking is fine whatever but ibuprofen and tylenol my beloved 😭 so I'm literally raw dogging my chronic illness im gonna go back to how i was in 2018 and if I get any kind of headache or back pain from anything for a few weeks I'm gonna have to go real holistic in this bitch lol this is not fun! But my liver is priority rn so wisheth me luck yall 😪

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mappingthemoon · 10 months

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Probably since I was a teenager, I’ve attributed a variety of my health issues to overwork, exhaustion, the demoralizing struggle of living below the poverty line, etc. etc. Insomnia, poor sleep, headaches every morning, waking up in a panic, teeth clenching, constant fatigue, general sense of malaise – living in moldy shitholes, working like 50 hours a week, and usually, for most of my working life, also attending some amount of school (part- or full-time) – it would stand to reason that The Problem Is Capitalism, ya know? WELL, turns out these are also symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea, for which I recently got diagnosed! Despite having complained to doctors about headaches for decades (even seeing a neurologist at one point who told me I was fine it’s not an aneurysm hav u consider moar exercise??), my current pcp only ordered a sleep study once she noticed my liver enzymes (irony of ironies!!!) were elevated uhhh probably due to taking NSAIDs daily for like the past 12+ years. On the study nights I only got ~4 hours of actual sleep (even tho I was “sleeping” for 7 hours) and only 7% REM sleep (the norm for adults is 20-25%) (I have long lamented the fact that I rarely seem to dream at night – IT SUCKS, I NEED 2 PROCESS SUBCONSCIOUSLY waaaahhh) Sad!! In desperation / tasting the possibility of sweet relief I decided to borrow a few thousand more dollars (you know when you’re already drowning in debt and depriving yourself of all nice things forever but then some extra surprise bullshit happens and you’re like fuck it, what’s another $3k? YOLO! Yeah.) and got an oral appliance from the sleep dentist, which helps keep my airway open at night. This hasn’t been as miraculous of a cure-all as I’d hoped (probably bc I’m noncompliant, aka some nights I just get blazed and pass the fuck out on the couch bc i am still Tired after work), but it is still kind of amazing to wake up in the morning not in pain, not hating everything, not wanting to die. Just feeling...neutral? Incredible. In conclusion, I still believe that most of the problems are mostly capitalism, but don’t rule out the possibility that maybe a contributing factor to the Struggle of daily survival is that your dumbass body doesn’t know how to breathe at night.

I also got this x-ray of my SKULL which is TOTALLY AWESOME AND SWEET.

#personal #sleep #sleep apnea #xray #bones #skulls #teeth #gpoy #the problem is capitalism

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johaerys-writes · 1 year

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Shiro/Keith | Voltron: Legendary Defender | E | Ch. 3/3

Summary: During a fight with the Galra, Shiro and Keith are sucked into a wormhole and flung to the far edge of the universe. They land on an empty and unfamiliar planet, with no way of contacting the castle, but Keith isn’t too worried. Things could be worse— at least they have each other.

Until Shiro collapses.

Read on AO3 | Read from the beginning

“Blood sugar levels are normal, heart rate a bit elevated but nothing out of the ordinary, liver enzymes intact. Overall, I’d say he’s as healthy as a flimhog in its prime!” Coran says cheerfully as he reads Shiro’s vitals off the chart displayed on the pod’s monitor. “It’s like he was never sick at all.”

“But he was.” Keith frowns, arms crossed before his chest. After making it back to the castle, Coran has kept Shiro in the medbay, running every test on him that there is. Shiro’s looking better now, much better, but Keith can’t shake the worry that still lingers. Shiro was very sick. There was something seriously wrong with him, and it could still be there, ready to come back at any moment.

“What caused those symptoms in the first place?” Keith insists. “Can’t the pod just figure that out?”

Coran purses his lips in thought as he goes over the data again. “Usually, foreign bodies like viruses or bacteria leave some sort of trace after they’re gone, even if it’s just the antibodies the body produces. But there’s nothing here that I can see. Only the imbalances caused by the high fever.”

“I might be able to help,” Pidge says beside Keith. “I got some samples from the planet you were on. Perhaps if I run a quick comparison with similar strains on Earth and the places we’ve visited so far, the results could point us in the right direction. Hopefully it will tell us more about what happened to Shiro.”

Coran ticks some numbers in his data pad, then transfers the information to the main computer. Pidge cracks her knuckles and gets to work, the numbers on the screen reflecting on her glasses as her fingers swiftly tap the keyboard.

Keith waits anxiously while the computer processes the information. Shiro is still in the healing pod. The contact fluid is surrounding him, drifting through his hair like underwater currents. Coran had to give him an anaesthetic to prepare him for the examination, and his features are now soft as if with sleep. It makes Keith’s heart ache.

Just a little bit longer, he thinks. We’re getting you out of there soon.

“Right! That should tell us something.” Pidges presses a button when the computer starts beeping, and a list of numbers a mile long comes up on the screen. Keith can’t make heads or tails of it. “Hmm… that’s interesting.”

“Well?” Keith says, his foot tapping on the floor. “What does it say?”

“It looks like he had some sort of allergic reaction.” Pidge frowns at the screen, her brows pinching together in concentration. “This planet you were on: did you notice anything unusual about it?”

“No… not off the top of my head. It seemed fine to me. The suits didn’t detect anything wrong. The air was clear, just a tad too highly oxygenated.” When Pidge doesn’t respond, only continues to squint at the screen, Keith stomach tightens. “Why? Did you find something?”

“So, the planet’s atmosphere is composed of oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, traces of neon and methane and—”

“Yes, just like Earth,” Keith interrupts impatiently. “What else?”

“And,” Pidge says pointedly, “an extensive web of microscopic symbiotic creatures. Now, most planets with some sort of lifeform have those, right? But these are different. They are necessary for the native life to thrive, and impossible to filter from the air. But if they are inhaled by non-native life, they can cause severe anaphylactic shock. Not only that, they seem to be highly aggressive towards alien life-forms, inhabiting the body for a while after until they are successfully dealt with by the immune system, like a bacterial infection. A few seconds of exposure is enough.” She turns back to the screen, staring down the list of strange numbers and symbols. “This is fascinating. I’ve never seen anything like this before.”

Keith’s blood runs cold. He stares at Pidge as if he doesn’t understand. “So that’s what made Shiro sick? The air of this planet?”

“That’s what it looks like.”

Keith’s pulse thrums in his ears, making him dizzy. It can’t be— how can that be? It was Keith that told Shiro that the air in that place was okay. It was Keith that told him it was safe to take off their helmets. It was Keith. If he’d noticed earlier… if he’d somehow known—

“It’s all my fault,” he mutters. “I told Shiro— I just looked at the readings on my suit. Everything seemed normal. How were we supposed to know—” He snaps his mouth shut when the lump in his throat makes it difficult to speak. It was all his fault. He was the one that insisted they go after that cruiser in the first place, that dragged them into the wormhole, that put Shiro’s life in danger. He is the one that’s responsible for all this mess.

If it wasn’t for him, Shiro would have been fine. He would have been safe and sound and healthy in the castleship, and none of this would have ever happened.

Keith rakes a hand through his hair and looks away, tries to control his breathing. He can’t lose his cool, not now, not like this. Not in front of everyone. That’s a sure fire way to make everything worse, and that’s the least Keith wants.

“What about me?” he asks, jaw clenched tight.

Coran blinks. “What about you, my boy?”

“I took off my helmet too. I breathed the same air Shiro did. Why didn’t I go into anaphylactic shock too?”

Coran and Pidge exchange a curious look, then go back to staring at the numbers. “You didn’t have any symptoms?” he asks, leaning over Pidge’s shoulder.

“Nope.”

“No fever, no shortness of breath, no lesions?”

“Nothing, I was fine.” Keith shakes his head. “How is it possible that I was fine, and this happened to Shiro?”

“Now that is the million groggery question, Number Two!” Coran says, way too happily given the subject at hand. “One that we shall have to have a look into. But for the time being, let’s get you some anti-allergy medication, shall we? Just to be on the safe side. You never know when those pesky symbiotic creatures might hit!”

Though it is the last thing that Keith wants, he still endures stoically as Coran pricks his finger to take a drop of blood to examine it, then checks his pupils and his mouth with a flashlight that makes his tongue itch. After some careful deliberation and an extensive look through his manual, he hands him a pill, which Keith chases down with some water, and gives him a strict warning not to eat any zogglion fruit or Uggirlon moss juice.

“Though delicious, they are absolutely the worst when in combination with the medicine I just gave you. The reaction could be deadly! I’d stay far away from them right now, if I were you.”

“Yeah, I wasn’t planning on having any, don’t worry,” Keith replies, wrinkling his nose in disgust when he remembers the slimy quality of the zogglion fruit —or whatever it’s called— when Coran presented it to them the week before. Keith isn’t particularly picky with food, but he’d rather starve than eat another bite of that thing.

He waits outside the medbay while Coran runs some last few tests on Shiro. Allura, Hunk and Lance all arrive to keep him company, and though Keith isn’t particularly in the mood to talk, he still appreciates the distraction. He doesn’t really want to be left alone with his thoughts right now. His worry for Shiro, although duller now that he knows he’s okay and can be treated properly if something happens, still feels like a vice, gripping his stomach. He won’t relax until Shiro is there with them, until Keith can talk to him.

As soon as Coran’s tests are done, he drains the healing pod of contact fluid and they all help him carry Shiro to a medical table until the anaesthetic wears off. Keith sits by him on a stool, his knee bouncing restlessly. He wants to be there when Shiro opens his eyes.

Read the rest on AO3!

#sheith #shiro x keith #shiro/keith #vld #voltron #voltron legendary defender #takashi shirogane #keith kogane #at the edge of the universe #johaerys writes

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timeoverload · 10 months

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I'm glad I woke up early today. I got a shower and did some cleaning. It's still a mess in here but at least I'm not tripping over shit now. I stopped and got gas before I went to the doctor. I also had the energy to go to the store to get some stuff that I needed. My appointment went well and I'm not as worried now.

My liver enzymes were likely elevated because I drank a lot of alcohol last week. I did drink a couple days in a row so I was probably very dehydrated. She said that I should be fine and my levels weren't high enough for them to be concerned about it. I just need to be more careful and not drink as often. It has been almost a week since I had a drink and my side isn't aching anymore so that's good. I will have another blood test in 6 months so I'm sure my levels will be lower by then.

There is a chance that I do have PCOS which would suck but it can be managed. I have another exam next Friday. I also have to schedule a pelvic ultrasound soon to check for cysts. I hope I don't have that because it can cause issues with fertility. Even if I do, I still want to try to have a baby. It might be more difficult but I'm not going to let that stop me.

She told me that my stress levels could also be contributing to my hormonal imbalance. I really need to get that under control. I think it has gotten worse since I had to quit smoking because that helps me with my anxiety and pain more than anything else. I have been doing that on and off since I was 14. I know it has been good for me not to do that but it still sucks. I think that I will improve once my life stabilizes again.

I am worn out again after doing all of that stuff. My back is also killing me right now. I overexerted myself the past couple days. I might try to take a nap or something this afternoon so maybe I will have energy to get more accomplished later. I am going to do my best to enjoy the rest of my day.

#personal

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pippindot · 2 years

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Pip ALT back up again ARGHHH. Other liver enzymes good which is a good thing. Weight exactly the same (I thought she would have lost weight considering the stress and less eating at the hotel, so I'm fine with holding steady). Really wondering if the drug itself is now causing the liver pathology. Hanging in vet waiting rooms every week since November is starting to get pretty old.

#lucky to be here etc but i would like her to just be well now please 😭

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pbandjesse · 11 months

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I just gave myself a little haircut. My hair has been bothering me so much for the last couple weeks and honest ly it helped a lot already. It also just doesn't help that it's been incredibly humid today. It was supposed to storm a lot worse than it actually ended up doing and I think I'm just not reacting well to how humid it is. But I do like my little haircut and I hope tomorrow I still like it.

That was a pretty good guy. I was happy to be at camp and I got a lot of accomplished. Despite many factors trying to stop that from happening.

Sleep last night didn't come easy. I was just struggling to get comfortable. But eventually I slept and I only vaguely remember James kissing me goodbye. And when my alarm went off at 7:30 I got up and stretched for a minute and was not thrilled. I didn't want to eat anything I just kind of felt miserable. But I had to get out of the house. And I got dressed and I like this outfit. I felt pretty cute in my rain boots. And I got a lot of compliments on the dress but I just felt kind of blood. Swollen and weird. I would tell nurse Joan how I was feeling with the high enzyme levels with my liver and she thinks that I could possibly have gallstones. So that's exciting.

I was very tired though when I left the house. It took me a minute to get settled in the car and then headed over to the y to get Dame and Jeniya.

I made them listen to my music today. Because I was not awake. And it wasn't a bad drive. We got to camp on time and we were early enough that there was still breakfast so it all ended up working out. I stopped at the art building before walking down there and I was pretty sure I knew what I was doing today and then went down to find out what the schedule of events was.

I have a nice conversation with the one cook that was out. He encouraged me to take a second sandwich and I said no at first but decided to go back and get a second one to save for later in case I didn't like the lunch. Because I really liked the sandwich. And that ended up being perfect because the lunch had so many onions in the vegetarian option and it made me very upset because I brought it to the attention of the kitchen staff and they were like oh yeah we've put onions in every vegetarian meal so far! Excellent. That's going to be wonderful for me.

Right away Alexi told me that the rental group that was there is doing service projects and was going to use the outside of my art building to cut wood. That's fine. But then I had to move my car. So I started walking over to do that and that's when I ran into Ellen! I was so excited to see her. She's been in the Dominican Republic since last summer and tears just everywhere. And it was just such a good hug and I was just so happy to see her. We caught up for a few minutes but then I let her go because I know she had other people to talk to. And I went up to the art building.

There was another car there and I wasn't sure I was going to be able to get my car out but it ended up being fine. It was the rental group's car. And chatted with them for a little while and told them which outlets actually worked for their extension cord. And soon Alexi came up with another extension cord for them. And then she said we had to all meet on the field to do emergency procedure stuff.

After we did our camp fall in explanation for the new people I went to the front to just stand by Ellen cuz I did not want to participate in the games that we were playing. I'm just not a game's person and I tried the other day and I saw black spots for a half an hour and I don't want to do that. So I tapped out and just chatted with Ellen.

And eventually the sky started to get very dark. To the point where they were like we cannot be on the field anymore. Thunder started and we all went to the lodge and that the rental group started to find places for shelter.

And all that would have been fine if I had my backpack. But I had left it up to start building. With my phone and my knitting and I was so upset. And I told Chris that if I did not go get back and get it I would fall asleep at the table. And he kind of laughed but I don't think he realized I was serious. I tried my best to pay attention but it was a struggle for sure.

When we finally had a few minute break I went up to the art building, with a permission of Joan who said that the thunder and lightning wasn't too bad and I would probably be fine. And got my stuff. And when I got up there I found that all of the rental group that had been working on the wood project was sitting in my building! Which is fine but I was very surprised to see them.

A couple of them asked about my knitting and one of them told me they left my outfit and my look and they thought I was so cool. And I was like oh my god thank you. Because I was feeling very bad about myself today. And soon enough I had to say goodbye and headed back down to the lodge.

I worked on my knitting for a bit but very soon we were able to head out to do any kind of prep things that we needed. Specifically me and specialty staff had a meeting.

But I was leading the workshop portion of that meeting with all of that lovely writing I did the other day and Cody didn't know about it so he did not print it out so I asked him to do that before we had the meeting and he did and we went to the art building. Me, Celia, Annabelle, Cody, and eventually Ty, who had been on the porch of the office. So Cody went and got him and we went up to chat.

And overall it was very productive. I think my workshop went really well of just some ways of doing the programs and best practices and Cody backed me up on a lot of things. Everyone had good questions and mostly they're all nervous about their lesson planning and getting into that kind of work. Totally understandable. And then Cody handed out our schedules. They're tentative but they are rough. We have one program in the morning and then four in the afternoon. With very little time in between. And he suggested some changes but the office is not going for it. At the end of the day me and him would sit down and we think we found a solution to cut off the last hour of the day so that it's not as intense but it's still pretty bad and there is basically no time for us to go swimming or anything like that and that's pretty upsetting. So we'll see what happens but it's rough.

The other issue though was we still did not know exactly what Annabelle is doing. We asked if she was doing early American craft and Cody said no but then the opposite yes and then Annabelle was like well I thought I was doing theme crafts and then he's like yeah but then we're not having a leader for that and I'm like but I thought that was the change that was being made. And I'm just all confused. I thought we were completely getting rid of them and turning it into a craft project that was led but apparently not. I don't understand. It's not on the schedule so I don't get it.

Which led to tears later on in the day when me and Annabelle talked and I was just like here are some ideas for things that you could do if you are doing early American craft because the office is saying that's what you're doing. But I have arts and crafts all planned and I feel like someone is going to ask me to swap. To just bite the bullet and teach early American crafts and give up my art program and I will quit before that. it's not a threat it's a promise. I don't want to give up a job I love but I will give up a job that does not respect me enough to let me do the thing that I was hired to do. And that's a boundary that I'm not going to break.

I don't think it's going to come to that but I have suspicions that it might even be asked of me. I would be shocked because I don't believe that they would act that way but they also don't like conflict. So who knows.

And then lunch upset me because of the onion thing so I left and went and worked in your building. And eventually a couple people told me that there were packages for me at the office and it was my art supplies and was really excited about that. So I went down to get them and then I saw a couple of the girls that were coming to help me in the art building and they walked over to help me carry the boxes.

And these girls were so helpful. They helped me cut all the fabric that I needed for two whole projects and a couple of the other girls helped collect sticks for my looms and everything was just great. I was having a great time up there. And we worked up there for a few hours while I put things away and organized and it was just a really productive afternoon and that felt really nice.

At 3:30 we went back down to the office for a final meeting of the day. And that's when I chatted with Cody for a bit about the schedules and we think we have a solution. It's not a perfect solution but it is something. And very soon after that I went up to the art building to find Dame who was ready to go.

I was also ready to go but I didn't know where Jeniya was. Turns out she had been up at horses all day long. Which is fine. I don't care what she is she's an adult. But while we waited for her to come back down with her things I did a little bit more organizing and tentative schedule stuff and then we were on the road.

We got back to the YMCA without any problems. There was a little bit of slow down on the highway but I took a different way and didn't have to go all the way down historic Charles which I hate so it was much better. And I dropped them off and I was home by 5:30.

when I got back to your James was doing their podcast. And I jumped right into a project that I had started last night. I got a new little jumpsuit but the legs are too long and too wide. I tried hem them last night but it didn't work right. So today I cut and then him them and it worked so much better and I think it's going to become one of my favorite things to wear this summer. At least at home. It might be a little too sheer in the sun for camp. But I'm still thrilled.

James and me would talk for a little while in bed and then they made me a quesadilla for dinner. And I got to work on more of my CPR training. All of the adult CPR is done. Next is child CPR. And then it's going to be general first aid. I also got another email tonight though about another youth CPR something that I think I have to do I'm not clear about that yet. But regardless I'm making great progress. Even though there are 80 parts of this first aid training.

I would take a shower eventually. And that's when I decided to cut my hair because it's driving me insane. And now I'm just chilling in the AC and James is getting ready for bed and soon we will be asleep.

Tomorrow is a very full day. We have Farmers market in the morning and then I'm hoping to come home and take a little nap. And maybe wash my hair. I have not decided yet. And then James will be home by 3ish and we will get dressed all nice and then we are going back to camp. For Cate's wedding!! I'm so excited for her. I'm also just excited to go to a wedding. She's having a private ceremony but then the reception is going to be at the pool house and it's going to be beautiful and I'm so happy for her.

So wish us luck and wish her congratulations. Good night everybody. Be safe!

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superchat · 1 year

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Man, a year ago everything was fine

But now one cats dead, one dog has to be handfed and is so old we dont think hes gonna reasonably make it the next couple months, and the other week we found out our other dog has cushings disease, a kidney infection, and his enzyme count in his liver is like 4x higher than it should be

In less than a year we go from four pets to one

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sunaleisocial · 7 days

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Circadian rhythms can influence drugs’ effectiveness

New Post has been published on https://sunalei.org/news/circadian-rhythms-can-influence-drugs-effectiveness/

Circadian rhythms can influence drugs’ effectiveness

Giving drugs at different times of day could significantly affect how they are metabolized in the liver, according to a new study from MIT.

Using tiny, engineered livers derived from cells from human donors, the researchers found that many genes involved in drug metabolism are under circadian control. These circadian variations affect how much of a drug is available and how effectively the body can break it down. For example, they found that enzymes that break down Tylenol and other drugs are more abundant at certain times of day.

Overall, the researchers identified more than 300 liver genes that follow a circadian clock, including many involved in drug metabolism, as well as other functions such as inflammation. Analyzing these rhythms could help researchers develop better dosing schedules for existing drugs.

“One of the earliest applications for this method could be fine-tuning drug regimens of already approved drugs to maximize their efficacy and minimize their toxicity,” says Sangeeta Bhatia, the John and Dorothy Wilson Professor of Health Sciences and Technology and of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT, and a member of MIT’s Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and the Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES).

The study also revealed that the liver is more susceptible to infections such as malaria at certain points in the circadian cycle, when fewer inflammatory proteins are being produced.

Bhatia is the senior author of the new study, which appears today in Science Advances. The paper’s lead author is Sandra March, a research scientist in IMES.

Metabolic cycles

It is estimated that about 50 percent of human genes follow a circadian cycle, and many of these genes are active in the liver. However, exploring how circadian cycles affect liver function has been difficult because many of these genes are not identical in mice and humans, so mouse models can’t be used to study them.

Bhatia’s lab has previously developed a way to grow miniaturized livers using liver cells called hepatocytes, from human donors. In this study, she and her colleagues set out to investigate whether these engineered livers have their own circadian clocks.

Working with Charles Rice’s group at Rockefeller University, they identified culture conditions that support the circadian expression of a clock gene called Bmal1. This gene, which regulates the cyclic expression of a wide range of genes, allowed the liver cells to develop synchronized circadian oscillations. Then, the researchers measured gene expression in these cells every three hours for 48 hours, enabling them to identify more than 300 genes that were expressed in waves.

Most of these genes clustered in two groups — about 70 percent of the genes peaked together, while the remaining 30 percent were at their lowest point when the others peaked. These included genes involved in a variety of functions, including drug metabolism, glucose and lipid metabolism, and several immune processes.

Once the engineered livers established these circadian cycles, the researchers could use them to explore how circadian cycles affect liver function. First, they set out to study how time of day would affect drug metabolism, looking at two different drugs — acetaminophen (Tylenol) and atorvastatin, a drug used to treat high cholesterol.

When Tylenol is broken down in the liver, a small fraction of the drug is converted into a toxic byproduct known as NAPQI. The researchers found that the amount of NAPQI produced can vary by up to 50 percent, depending on what time of day the drug is administered. They also found that atorvastatin generates higher toxicity at certain times of day.

Both of these drugs are metabolized in part by an enzyme called CYP3A4, which has a circadian cycle. CYP3A4 is involved in processing about 50 percent of all drugs, so the researchers now plan to test more of those drugs using their liver models.

“In this set of drugs, it will be helpful to identify the time of the day to administer the drug to reach the highest effectiveness of the drug and minimize the adverse effects,” March says.

The MIT researchers are now working with collaborators to analyze a cancer drug they suspect may be affected by circadian cycles, and they hope to investigate whether this may also be true of drugs used in pain management.

Susceptibility to infection

Many of the liver genes that show circadian behavior are involved in immune responses such as inflammation, so the researchers wondered if this variation might influence susceptibility to infection. To answer that question, they exposed the engineered livers to Plasmodium falciparum, a parasite that causes malaria, at different points in the circadian cycle.

These studies revealed that the livers were more likely to become infected after exposure at different times of day. This is due to variations in the expression of genes called interferon-stimulated genes, which help to suppress infections.

“The inflammatory signals are much stronger at certain times of days than others,” Bhatia says. “This means that a virus like hepatitis or parasite like the one that causes malaria might be better at taking hold in your liver at certain times of the day.”

The researchers believe this cyclical variation may occur because the liver dampens its response to pathogens following meals, when it is typically exposed to an influx of microorganisms that might trigger inflammation even if they are not actually harmful.

Bhatia’s lab is now taking advantage of these cycles to study infections that are usually difficult to establish in engineered livers, including malaria infections caused by parasites other than Plasmodium falciparum.

“This is quite important for the field, because just by setting up the system and choosing the right time of infection, we can increase the infection rate of our culture by 25 percent, enabling drug screens that were otherwise impractical,” March says.

The research was funded by the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives MIT-France program, the Koch Institute Support (core) Grant from the U.S. National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Health and Medical Research of France, and the French National Research Agency.

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jcmarchi · 7 days

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Circadian rhythms can influence drugs’ effectiveness

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/circadian-rhythms-can-influence-drugs-effectiveness/

Circadian rhythms can influence drugs’ effectiveness

Giving drugs at different times of day could significantly affect how they are metabolized in the liver, according to a new study from MIT.

The study also revealed that the liver is more susceptible to infections such as malaria at certain points in the circadian cycle, when fewer inflammatory proteins are being produced.

Bhatia is the senior author of the new study, which appears today in Science Advances. The paper’s lead author is Sandra March, a research scientist in IMES.

Metabolic cycles

“In this set of drugs, it will be helpful to identify the time of the day to administer the drug to reach the highest effectiveness of the drug and minimize the adverse effects,” March says.

Susceptibility to infection

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gvmdisease · 23 days

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i’m actually really scared for this doctors appointment next week bc we’re going over my labs, how i’ve been feeling since the last visit, i may be doing more blood work, i may get my heart monitor, and we might put me on more meds but im more or less more concerned about my labs bc me and my mom only got to see half of them and my doctor has the other half and most of my labs (that we saw) were fine besides my vitamin d liver enzymes and cholesterol but im kinda worried that she’s with holding the rest of my labs bc something’s really bad idk maybe im just over thinking it

#rants about my health

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activisthealthcare1 · 2 months

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