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focsle · 2 years

Note

Going by your post about whale ships and pirates did pirates often target whale ships?

Not particularly, as the golden age of piracy was on its way out the door when whaling really began in earnest, and was almost fully squashed but for a few places by the time whaling was a huge endeavor. The only instance I know of of whalers being taken by capital P Pirates was in 1723, when Edward Low captured three New England whaling sloops and did away with their captains in his usual gruesome way. He wasn’t interested in the cargo but rather was angry that he’d suffered a big loss from the man o’ war Greyhound in the area and wanted to vent his fury on whatever unfortunate ships he came across.

There are also some instances of attacks/captures of whaleships reported in newspapers as ‘piracy’, but it wasn’t piracy in the sense of ships roving the seas hunting other ships. These were a few very rare instances of islanders taking over a nearby whaleship or prisoners in the Galapagos (when it was an Ecuadorian penal colony) killing crew and stealing vessels when they touched there for supplies. And here’s a bit from a whaling journal over a whaling crew thinking they were about to be boarded by a canoe of pirates in the Strait of Malacca which ended up being…mistaken intention.

A lot of the danger from other ships came from privateers / enemy ships in wartime. Again, more in the beginning of the industry than its heyday, with the aim being economic destabilization rather than wanting to steal whale oil. In the 1740s French and Spanish privateers took a number of New England whaling vessels. During the American Revolution dozens of whaleships and crew were captured by the British, and Nantucket went from having 150ish vessels to only 30 by the end of the war. Then 1812 comes around, Nantucket loses half of its whaleships to the British. The industry on Nantucket starts to dwindle partly because of these losses, and begins to pick up in New Bedford.

The height of American whaling is in full swing by the mid 19th century. And then the Civil War happens. Whaleships are specifically targeted by Confederate raiders to disrupt the Northern economy. The Alabama captured and/or sank 14 whaleships. The Shenandoah had specific orders to take out the whaling fleet. It ultimately captured and/or burned 38 ships, with 28 of them being whaling vessels (including 10 whalers in one day). There was one exchange on that day between an officer of the Shenandoah and the whaling captain Thomas Young of the Favorite that I think exemplifies this particular period. The officer told the Captain Young to haul down his flag, and Young was said to have replied,

“Haul it down yourself! God damn you! If you think it will be good for your constitution.” The Shenandoah threatened that if he didn’t haul it down “we’ll blow you out of the water in five minutes” to which Young said, “Blow away, my buck, but may I be eternally blasted if I haul down that flag for any cussed Confederate pirate that ever floated.”

The substantial losses to the fleet during the American Civil War was really the beginning of the decline of the industry as a whole.

#asks #anonymous #awhalin

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atlanticcanada · 2 years

Text

Climate Changed: Fiona demonstrated wild hurricane future, and need to adapt

As she stood near the remnants of flattened homes in Port aux Basques, N.L., Denise Anderson said the thought of continuing to live next to the ocean is hard after a deadly storm foreshadowed the violence of weather to come.

"I grew up in this area, I wanted to come back to this area, but now I'm not so sure I want to," she said two days after post-tropical storm Fiona damaged the home where she has lived for three years, destroyed her neighbours' houses and swept one local woman out to sea.

Across the East Coast, similar emotions about the way climate change is altering life can be heard, as residents rebuild their homes and cope with weeks without power, and political leaders are asked how they'll prepare the coastlines and power grids to meet the next gale.

About 200 kilometres to the south across the Cabot Strait, in Reserve Mines, N.S., Reggie Boutilier pointed out a missing portion of his roof and wondered when the next storm would come. "It's only early in the hurricane season, and I'm thinking we're off to a bad start," he said the day after Fiona hit.

The scientific predictions on what's to come aren't reassuring.

Canada's Changing Climate, a federal summary of climate science released in 2019, said fossil fuel emissions are likely increasing the intensity of tropical storms that form in the southern Atlantic and head north to the Canadian coast

Blair Greenan, a federal scientist at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography who worked on the report, said in an interview that water temperatures off the Maritimes have gone up 1.5 C over the past century, adding a potent source of increased energy for the storms.

Anya Waite, a professor of oceanography at Dalhousie University, said the "sobering" reality is the warmer water shoots heat and moisture into storms like Fiona, giving them a longer duration and, often, a wider path.

While utility spokespeople referred to Fiona as "historic" in their news releases, Waite -- also the science director of the Ocean Frontier Institute -- says storms of this magnitude will become increasingly common. "We will be getting storms that have a lot more longevity because of the surface water being so much warmer," she said.

A "perfect trifecta" of conditions -- general sea-level rise over the past century created by melting glaciers, storm surges and lower barometric pressures during storms -- is also increasing the likelihood of coasts being swamped during hurricanes, she added.

"In terms of adaptation ... one of the main things is we will just have to move away from the coast," she said. "We love the coast so much that people are clinging to their last rock as it goes under. We can't do that."

Peter Bevan-Baker, the leader of the Prince Edward Island Green Party, saw an altered landscape as he drove around the Island last Friday, with thousands of trees down, farmers' barns destroyed and beaches that define the Island suddenly washed away. "The Island is changed forever," he said in an interview.

Meanwhile, thousands of people remained without power nearly two weeks after the storm hit, and complaints rose about the lack of basics such as heat, electricity, gasoline and even food for seniors in provincially operated buildings.

Yet, during briefings last week, the privately owned utilities Nova Scotia Power and Maritime Electric, which serves P.E.I., dismissed the suggestion that power lines should be buried, saying underground lines would cost up to 10 times more without eliminating the risk of outages.

Bevan-Baker said these kinds of "standard" answers don't recognize the changing climate realities. "I understand burying lines is an enormously expensive proposition, but so is rebuilding if it's a storm like this every few years," he said.

Blair Feltmate, head of the Intact Centre on Climate Adaptation at the University of Waterloo, said that while further studies on how utilities should adapt may be useful, the time for action arrived with the 170 kilometre-per-hour gusts that buffeted the region.

Endless scenario planning can become "a substitute for action," he said in an interview.

He said where housing or infrastructure was destroyed close to the shore, the rebuild needs to occur further inland. More crucially, modelling is needed on potential coastal damage throughout the Atlantic region, in order to set rules on building that take climate adaptation into account.

Solutions will vary. In some instances, higher seawalls will protect towns; in others, development may have to retreat, while tidal flats and marshes are created to absorb some of the sea's fury, Feltmate said.

Bevan-Baker points out that in P.E.I., there are close to 30,000 undeveloped lots near the coast, and yet there's still no provincewide land-use plan taking into account future storm surges.

Joanna Eyquem, a geoscientist who also works with the University of Waterloo climate adaptation centre, said the providers of key infrastructure -- whether utilities, railways or ports -- "really need to step up to the adaptation challenge" and consider climate change in all they're doing, something that is still not universal in Canada.

By contrast, in the United Kingdom, most similar organizations and companies report climate adaptation progress every five years, in addition to making mandatory climate-related financial disclosures annually, she said.

Feltmate said ordinary citizens have to act as well. His studies show many homeowners in flood-prone areas still don't have generators to run sump pumps if the power goes out and haven't graded their land to slope rainfall away from the buildings.

While some of the adaptation is costly, Feltmate points to research indicating that for each dollar spent -- whether in cutting trees around power lines or creating power grids that are more decentralized -- there are savings of five to six dollars in averted damage.

After prior severe storms, such as Juan in 2003 and Dorian in 2019, similar messages were delivered, and governments in the region briefly seemed attentive to the changing realities. But during election campaigns that followed, climate adaptation policies were only sketched out broadly and the focus shifted back to ailing health systems.

Will this time be different, after roofs are replaced, harbours rebuilt and freezers restocked? There are signs that even if officials are slow to change course, the urgency is sinking in at ground level.

In Burnt Islands, N.L., fisherman Murray Hardy gestured around his basement after shovelling out the mud deposited by Fiona's tidal surge, saying he'll prepare for the next hurricane by emptying out the space and replacing gyprock before mould sets in.

"What am I going to do? You got your home," he said, when asked if moving was an option. "I expect more of this. All they talk about is global warming and the tides and such. I'll just clean all this out."

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Oct. 6, 2022.

-- With files from Holly McKenzie-Sutter in Port aux Basques and Burnt Islands, N.L.

from CTV News - Atlantic https://ift.tt/IDGUaJj

#new brunswick #prince edward island #nova scotia #news #politics #canada #CTVAtlantic

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newcountryradio · 4 months

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New Country 27e jaargang #T1211 (S770) (C15)van 8 januari 2024 (wk 02) uitzending op Smelne fm & Crossroads Country Radio

Artiest Title

Atlanta – Sweet Country Music

Suzy Bogguss - I Want to Be a Cowboy's Sweetheart *maandartiest

Alan Jackson – Right On The Money #1 25 jaar

Jimmy Allan – Down Home # 1 2023

Turnpike Troubadours – Brought Me

Lukas Nelson & Promise of the Real - More Than Friends (feat. Lainey Wilson)

Luke Combs - Fast Car

Ashley Cooke – your Place

Nate Smith - World on Fire #1.

Chris Stapleton – Always On My Mind *Album vd week

Lukas Nelson – Angel Flying Too Close To The Ground album

George Strait – I Saw God Today single of the year 2008

Dolly Parton - Jolene.

Patty Loveless – You Don’t Even Know Who I Am

Merle Haggard – The Fugitive

Callum Kerr & Chris Andreucci – Tamed by Tennessee favoriet

Ben BedFord - John the Baptist *sofi

Johnny Cash – The Big Battle album from the past

Johnny Cash - Ring of Fire

The Lasses - Skye Boat Song

Jaime Wyatt -. Ain’t Enough Whiskey

Exile – Woke Up In Love (3 in 1)

Exile - Don’t want To Be a Memory

Exile -Give Me One More Change

Willie Nelson w. George Strait – Pancho & Lefty Album van de week

Morgan Wallen – Last Night #1 album.

Taylor Swift – Love Story

Tyler Childers - Percheron Mules

Rick Trevino – See Rock City

Dan Seals - Big Wheels In The Moonlight Trucksong

Suzy Bogguss – Someday Soon maandartiest

Amanda Fields /Megan McCormick - Dying Leaves juweeltje

Restless Road –Last Rodeo Album vorige keer

Dwight Yakam – Me And Paul Album vd week

Hilde Vos - The History of Country

Patrick Koers - I'll always be there

Robert Weston - Sunday Mornin' Opry

Rub It In - Billy Crash Craddock

Elvis Presley - My Boy

Billy Swan - I Can Help

Charlie Rich - A Very Special Love Song

Tom T. Hall - I Love.

charley Crockett /Willie Nelson - That's what Makes The World Go Round

Mark Blomsteel - Everything You Do (Does It For Me)

Artists Of Now And Forever - Forever Country

#playlist new country #maandagavond smelne's country avond #smelnefm #newcountry #maandagavond #countrymusic #playlist #crossroads country radio #classic album #Hits of the Year

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petnews2day · 2 years

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Country diary: We rise and fall with the treecreepers outside | Birds

New Post has been published on https://petnews2day.com/birds-news/country-diary-we-rise-and-fall-with-the-treecreepers-outside-birds/

Country diary: We rise and fall with the treecreepers outside | Birds

Soft breezes sift through last year’s leaves. Beech-mast crackles underfoot. By the strait gate I enter Soar y Mynydd’s chapel-yard. This is Yr Elenydd’s focal point, at the heart of Wales’s depopulated moorland, ever-threatened by reservoirs, off-roaders, conifer plantation, wind turbine “farms”, or even, in former years, depredations visited on its spacious high landscape in what’s now for Britain a historical common agricultural policy.

Down a side-turning from the wild road between Tregaron and Abergwesyn, by Afon Camddwr, you’ll find chapel and house. It’s a place of pilgrimage. Snipe jag among rushes. Hill farmers on ponies gather sheep. I come each year to this heartening relic from the age of dissent to sit among the devout and listen to their eloquent, impassioned itinerant ministers from Gorseinon, Bae Colwyn, Gwaun Cae Gurwen, discoursing in yr hen iaith (“the old language”) on predestination and Calvinist Methodist articles of faith. It gives a distant sense of how it might have been to hear John Bunyan – Bedford brazier’s son, “tinker and poor man”, author of The Pilgrim’s Progress and pre-eminent demotic figure in 17th-century English religious literary culture – preaching to his wayside assemblies of faithful followers. But it’s not for the doctrinal disputation that I’m at Soar y Mynydd today.

A common treecreeper, Certhia familiaris. Photograph: Blickwinkel/Alamy

Closed throughout the pandemic, the chapel opened again this year in time to see “the May month flaps its glad green leaves like wings, / Delicate filmed as new spun silk” (Thomas Hardy). From my pew I look through clear windows and watch the treecreepers – one of our smallest, dowdiest, most inconspicuous birds – working their way up rough-barked boles of elderly Scots pine, planted centuries ago by drovers who brought their herds along this route to the smithfields of England.

Treecreepers probe slender curved bills into each bark-crevice for mites and grubs, working their way up to the smoother heights, whence with three or four shrill notes, they glide down to the next tree and, mouse-like, scuttle upwards in spiral ascents. Attentive, industrious, unshowy, stooped to their task, these small avian pilgrims are perfect embodiments of this revered place. I hark to their alarm call. As those along my pew kneel to pray, so do I for the birds’ long survival here.

Country Diary is on Twitter at @gdncountrydiary

Source link

#Birds News

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pandorabox82 · 4 years

Link

I just have a lot of feels about the first season finale, and writing helps me express them. And yes, I still am heartbroken for my George...

#fanfiction #Bluff City Law #Della Bedford #Jake Reilly #Sydney Strait #Samantha

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hauntedbystorytelling · 7 years

Video

Francis Bedford :: Bangor, View on Suspension Bridge, 1880 / src: National Science and Media Museum A photographic view across the Menai suspension bridge in Bangor, North Wales.

more [+] by this photographer

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fangirlishsite · 4 years

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'Bluff City Law' 1x08 Review: "Need to Know" http://bit.ly/33Gy5ux

#Bluff City Law #Sydney Strait #Elijah Strait #Della Bedford

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kwebtv · 2 years

Photo

Bluff City Law - NBC - September 23, 2019 - November 25, 2019

Legal Drama (10 episodes)

Running Time: 60 minutes

Stars:

Jimmy Smits as Elijah Strait

Caitlin McGee as Sydney Strait

Barry Sloane as Jake Reilly

Michael Luwoye as Anthony Little

Stony Blyden as Emerson Howe

Jayne Atkinson as Della Rose Bedford

MaameYaa Boafo as Briana Logan

Scott Shepherd as George Bell

Josh Kelly as Robbie Ellis

#Bluff City Law #TV #NBC #Legal Drama #2000's #Jimmy Smits #Caitlin McGee #Barry Sloane #Michael Luwoye #Stony Blyden #Jayne Atkinson #MaameYaa Boafo #Scott Shepherd

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evilelitest2 · 4 years

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In conversations about the Civil War, I often heard people saying what a great general Robert E. Lee was, that he was an educator, etc. It always sounded like the South had the best leadership/military and the North mainly won because they had railroads and better technology. Is there any truth to that or is it all lost cause propaganda?

Ehhh, its not entirely propaganda. For the first two years of the Civil War, the South pretty definitively had both better generals and a much better military doctrine, which is why they did as well as they did for until 1862/1863. Most of the military schools were in the south and a ton of the best generals in the US defected in 1860. The Union meanwhile had two major problems

Firstly, for the first two years of the war, they had a series of really disastrous series of loser generals who had no idea what they were doing, while the South mostly had a good military leadership. This didn’t not last however, because the North (unlike the South) had the good sense to fire their bad generals, and eventually replace them, most famously when Grant, one of the best generals on either side of the war took over. So by 1864, both generals are about equally good, and by 1865 the North has better generals. It look a little while, but the North would soon combine its massive economic/resource/industrial advantages with equal and then greater military leadership.

Secondly, the Union’s entire initial strategy was based on on a false premise. The initial plan was for the North to try to be really moderate and not attempt to free slaves and hope that the pro Union southerners would eventually prevail and the Confederates would collapse on their own. This just...wasn’t reality, but as long as the Union followed this approach, it meant that they were deliberately not hitting the South as hard as they could. After the Emancipation Proclamation, Lincoln basically said “Fuck that, total War time” and suddenly the South was in much worst straits.

Effectively the North spent the first two years of the war not really taking the war seriously, and then once they did, they ground the South into powder.

however the south did not have better civilian leadership, which was an absolute joke. Jefferson Davis was largely incompetent as a leader on almost every front, and the Confederate leadership was a long running joke, while Lincoln and the Republican Congress managed to be pretty good at overseeing the war effort and organizing the nation. Southern civilian leadership really was an absolute disaster, but when you found your goverment on states rights and slavery, that is to be expected.

As for Lee himself, while he is a bit overrated by the Lost Cause devotees, he was a very good general, in fact had he not been around the South likely would have lost in 1862. The thing is though, it didn’t really matter. Like at the Battle of Gettysburg, you have Lee, who is a soft core military genius, up against the entirely mediocre general Meade. And Meade won, because when you have the type of advantages the North had (Better administration, better economy, better troops, more people, better equipment, greater resources), you really only need a barely functional general.

I would say that even if we ignore resources, Grant was a better general than Lee, and for the record, I think the best military leader in the confederacy was Nathan Bedford Forest, who was an absolutely vile human being, much worse than Lee (co-founder of the KKK).

Good Question btw

#ask EvilElitest #American Civil War #Confederate States of America #General Lee #Robert E Lee #General Grant #nathan bedford forrest #Lost Cause #neo confederate #Racism

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statelibraryqueensland · 4 years

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Roy McIvor's last major etching 'The Removal' is on display at Spoken exhibition. Roy was one of Queensland's most important Aboriginal artists, born on a Lutheran mission at Cape Bedford, north of Cooktown. In 1942, when he was 9 years old, his entire community was rounded up and interned at a government camp in Woorabinda, amid fears they were colluding with enemy forces during WW2. The camp conditions were atrocious and of the 285 people removed, 50 died including Roy's sister. Learn more about Queensland's history and its lasting effect on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander languages. Spoken is a free exhibition, open daily. #slqSpoken 📷 The Removal, Roy McIvor, 2015, John Oxley Library, State Library of Queensland. https://ift.tt/2GHHuIz

#IFTTT #Instagram #statelibraryofqueensland #slq #libraries #library

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simstorian-blog · 4 months

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Pebble Burrow

(CC List + Links)

World Map: Oasis Springs

Area: Bedford Strait

Lot Size: 30 x 20

(3-bedroom—4 beds, 2 Bathroom)

Gallery ID: Simstorian-ish

Packs Used

Cats & Dogs

Desert Luxe Kit

Dream Home Decorator

For Rent

Get Together

Get To Work

Growing Together

High School Years

Horse Ranch

Snowy Escape

Spa Day

Strangerville

Build Mode

Harlix – Orjanic Pt. 1 (Sliding Door)

Harrie – Kwatei Pt. 1

LedgerAtelier – Marble Buro Floors

Max20 – Poolside Lounge (Agave)

MrOlkan – Pools

Peacemaker – Vaulted Ranch

Pierisim – Tilable (Used throughout)

Buy Mode

Awingedllama – Apartment Therapy (Tastefully Lamp)

Awingedllama – Blooming Room (Plant 2)

Awingedllama – Boho Living (Cement Planter, Curvy Lamp, Floor Plant)

BlueTeas – Rivers Bed Blanket

Charly Pancakes – Miscellanea (Books)

ClutterCat – Mellow Moods (Inner Circle Rug)

Felixandre – Grove Pt. 2 (Stacked Bowls, Stacked Plates)

Felixandre – Shop The Look 1 (Hanging Lights, Wooden Table)

Felixandre – Paris Pt. 3 (Coffee Table)

Harlix – Baysic

Harlix – Baysic Bathroom

Harlix – Harluxe (AC Control, Book w Sunglasses, Light Switch)

Harlix – Kichen (Glasses, Tumblers)

Harlix – Livin’ Rum

Harrie – Coastal Pt. 2 (Outdoor Coffee Table)

Harrie – Octave Pt. 4 (Light Switch)

Joyce – Simple Live # 5 (Bathrobe, Shower Gel)

Joyce – Simple Live # 6 (Umbrella Rack)

KiwiSims4 – Blockhouse Bedroom (Floor Lamp)

KKB – Citrus Room (Cushion V1, Paintings)

Meinkatz – Moor Rug

Meinkatz – Superoblong Bed

MyCupofCC – Bathroom Collection (Fluffy Slippers)

Peacemaker – Bowed Bedroom (Squat Lamp)

Peacemaker – Hinterlands Living (Fringed Pouffe)

Peacemaker –Kassova Sectional

Peacemaker – Kitayama Bedroom (Smaller Zen Table)

Peacemaker – Matilda Mudroom (Beanie on Hook, Knit on Hook)

Peacemaker – Over the Rainbow (Pencil Tin)

Peacemaker – Hudson Bathroom (Portal Mirror)

Pierisim – David’s Apartment Kitchen (Fridge, Sinks, Stove)

Pierisim – David’s Apartment Pt. 2 (Nightstand, Double + Single Bed Frame)

Pierisim – Domaine Du Clos Pt. 3 (Single Bedding)

Pierisim – MCM Pt. 1 (Books, Simstudio Display)

Pierisim – MCM Pt. 3 (Narrow Rug,)

Pierisim – MCM Pt. 4 (Kitchen Counters + Island + Shelves)

Pierisim – MCM Pt. 5 (Double Bedding, Plain Rug)

Pierisim – Oak House Pt. 1 (Sideboard)

Pierisim – Tidying Up (Shelf)

S-imagination – Oak & Concrete Patio (Round Grill)

Simplistic – Indigo Art Prints

SixamCC – Life in Plastic (Bar Chair)

SixamCC – Small Spaces (Desk Calendar)

Sundays – Java Pt. 1 (Throw Blanket)

Sundays – Keidri Pt. 1 (Throw Pillow Prints + Solids)

Sundays –Keramas Pt. 1, 3, 5 (Daybed Single, Living Chair, Sofa)

Sundays – Sumatra Pt. 1 (Patio Bench)

Syboubou – Dino Bedroom (Drawings)

TianaSims – Cookbook

Tuds – Ind 02 (Décor Bottles)

Ung999 – Faye Blanket

Winner9 – Malibu Books

DO NOT REUPLOAD MY LOTS NOR CLAIM THEM AS YOUR OWN.

THEY TAKE ME HOURS, SOMETIMES DAYS, TO COMPLETE

#simstorian #the sims 4 #ts4 #sims 4 #cc #ts4 simblr #build #sims 4 build #oasis springs #drifter challenge #pebble burrow #bedford strait #mid centruy modern #modern

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rondasarts4 · 6 years

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A few of my Resource book collections I have read lately.

The Oxford Companion to Aboriginal Art and Culture (Oxford Companions) 1st Edition

This unique publication provides a wide-ranging reference to indigenous Australian art, covering documented archaeological traditions, art styles of the early contact period and the nineteenth century, and the development of the contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander art practices.

https://www.amazon.com/dp/product/0195506499?tag=sacreddestin-20

Two Steps Forward, Three Steps Back : A Wiradjuri Land Rights Journey By Gaynor MacDonald

letters to the Wiradjuri Regional Aboriginal Land Council on its 20th anniversary, 1983-2003

Tradition Today : Indigenous Art in Australia from the Collection of the Art Gallery of New South Wales2014 Revised Edition

written by Hetti Perkins, Cara Pinchbeck

Art Gallery of NSW | ISBN 9781741740875

Paperback

With a foreword by Michael Brand and an introduction by Hetti Perkins, the expanded and revised edition of this popular book includes nine new artists - Tony Albert, Jakayu Biljabu, Mirdidingkingathi Juwarnda Sally Gabori, Julie Gough, Ivy Pareroultja, Esme Timbery, Wingu Tingima, Harry Tjutjuna and Barrupu Yunupingu - and new works by Richard Bell, Destiny Deacon, Makinti Napanangka and Uta Uta Tjangala.

Using the rich collection of the Art Gallery of New South Wales, this book provides an important introduction to Indigenous art in Australia through the work of 86 artists across the continent, from remote areas to urban centres.

Contributors: George Alexander, Natasha Brook, Deborah Edwards, Hannah Fink, Vivien Johnson, Jonathan Jones, John Kean, Eric Kjellgren, Steven Miller, Howard Morphy, Hetti Perkins, Cara Pinchbeck, Luke Taylor, Wayne Tunnicliffe, Ken Watson

Artists:

Ian Abdulla, Tony Albert, Paddy Bedford, Richard Bell, Billy Benn, Jakayu Biljabu, Binyinyuwuy, Dawidi Birritjama, Mervyn Bishop, John Bulunbulun, Kevin Bunduck, Nym Bunduck, Robert Campbell Jnr, Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri, Robert Ambrose Cole, Brenda L. Croft, Destiny Deacon, Dr David Malangi, Dr Pantjiti Mary McLean, Emily Kam Ngwarray, Kevin Gilbert, Julie Gough, Willie Gudabi, Philip Gudthaykudthay, Mithinari Gurruwiwi, Johnny Warangkula Tjupurrula, Roy Kennedy, Yvonne Koolmatrie, Anchor Kulunba, Long Tom Tjapanangka, Samuel Manggudja, Banduk Marika, Mawalan Marika, Wandjuk Marika, John Mawurndjul, Galuma Maymuru, Narritjin Maymuru, Ricky Maynard, Queenie McKenzie, Mirdidingkingathi Juwarrnda Sally Gabori, Tracey Moffatt, Sally Morgan, Wonggu Mununggurr, Mäw Mununggurr, Albert Namatjira, Eubena Nampitjin, Inyuwa Nampitjinpa, Makinti Napanangka, Mitjili Napurrula, Ningura Napurrula, Dula Ngurruwutthun, Jimmy Njiminjuma, Nyirlpirr Spider Snell, Lin Onus, Ivy Pareroultja, Otto Pareroultja, Rusty Peters, Gloria Tamerre Petyarre, Prince of Wales, Kutuwulumi Purawarrumpatu, Michael Riley, Elaine Russell, Shorty Lungkata Tjungurrayi, Ken Thaiday, Thanakupi, Rover Thomas, Esme Timbery, Wingu Tingima, Ronnie Tjampitjinpa, Uta Uta Tjangala, Mick Namarari Tjapaltjarri, Tim Leura Tjapaltjarri, Tjumpo Tjapanangka, Timmy Payungka Tjapangati, Harry Tjutjuna, Turkey Tolson Tjupurrula, Judy Watson, HJ Wedge, Pedro Wonaeamirri, Jabarrgwa Wurrabadalumba, Owen Yalandja, Lena Yarinkura, Barrupu Yunupingu, Munggurrawuy Yunupingu, r e a

https://www.artgallery.nsw.gov.au/shop/item/9781741740875/

Weaving: A Handbook of the Fiber Arts

by Shirley E Held

This book was an old but a goody, with some wonderful ideas on fibre art and weaving that assisted me in my projects.

The artistic and practical aspects of creating fabric are considered in discussions on weaving on the loom and by hand, spinning and coloring yarn, and designing material

"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.

https://www.abebooks.com/9780030226915/Weaving-Handbook-Fiber-Arts-Held-0030226910/plp

Australia’s emblems and Icons- flags

By Jack and Jenifer Barwick

This book gave me information on the Official Australian Aboriginal flag

Vitamin 3D New Perspective Sculpture and installations- Phaidon

http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/books/croak/vitamin-3D12-10-09.asp

Sculpture Today-Judith Colllins

http://www.booktopia.com.au/sculpture-today-judith-collins/prod9780714857633.html?utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Shopping%20Campaign(2)&utm_term=1101100031315&utm_content=All%20Products

Materiality- Whitechapel: Documents of Contemporary Art – Petra Lange-

Berndt (short essay crop version publication)

http://www.booktopia.com.au/materiality-petra-lange-berndt/prod9780262528092.html

How to write about Contemporary Art – Gilder Williams (chapter 3 fear of good writing)

http://www.booktopia.com.au/how-to-write-about-contemporary-art-gilda-williams/prod9780500291573.html

Artificial Hells - Participatory Art and the Politics of Spectatorship- Claire Bishop

http://www.booktopia.com.au/artificial-hells-claire-bishop/prod9781844676903.html

Installation Art – Claire Bishop

https://books.google.com.au/books/about/Installation_Art.html?id=o7FPAAAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y

The Art of Participation – Rudolf Frieling

http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6262687-the-art-of-participation

Public Art (Now)- Clair Doherty

https://www.dymocks.com.au/book/public-art-now-by-claire-doherty-9781908970176/#.WQad9bGr3-Y

Public Art Theory Practice and Populism – Cher Krause Knight

https://books.google.com.au/books/about/Public_Art.html?id=qkxClDeTCbQC&redir_esc=y

Critical Issues in Public Art - Harriet F. Senie and Sally Webster, Editors

http://www.harrietfsenie.com/critical-issues-in-public-art/

Contemporary Sculpture. Projects in Münster, 1997 (Germany) - Klaus Bussan; Kasper Koing; Florian Matzner.

http://www.worldcat.org/title/contemporary-sculpture-projects-in-munster-1997/oclc/37392437

This book historically looks at early battles between the Colonial Rule of Australia,the aboriginal tribes and white settlers/convicts. The first chapter Army of Occupation obviously looks at the question of the 1st fleet landing and settlement antagonising the local aborigines. Twin Battles of Sydney Battle of Vinegar Hill Battle of Bathurst Battle of Pinjarra Battle of Eureka stockade Battle of Battle Mountain

https://booksonwaraustralia.com/aboriginal-conflicts/1624-history-six-australian-early-battlefields-aboriginal-convict-conflict-9780207155956.html

An alternative view of Australian history. Through accounts of four clashes, this book demonstrates the realities of life on the Australian frontier and through a retelling of the stories of Vinegar Hill and Eureka reminds the reader of the central place of resistance in Australia's past.

Blood on the Wattle draws together most of the information about the massacres of Aboriginal people which has been recorded in books and journals. Blood on the Wattle draws together, in a single volume, most of the information about the massacres of Aboriginal people which has been recorded in books and journals. It also creates a broad-based level of awareness of the scale of the massacres of Aboriginal people so that this dimension of Australian history can become part of the Australian consciousness. About the Author Bruce Elder is an award-winning journalist and writer who has been involved in the writing of more than 50 books, including the Macquarie Dictionary and The A - Z of Who is Who in Australia's History. He is a journalist with the Sydney Morning Herald specialising in travel and popular culture.

https://www.booktopia.com.au/blood-on-the-wattle-bruce-elder/prod9781741100082.html

"Judy Watson is one of Australia's leading contemporary artists. Her art explores territory that includes the dispossessed Indigenous Australians with whom she shares a family history and heritage. Judy Watson's art is intense and sublime in its physicality." "Blood language is a beautifully illustrated pictorial exploration of some of Judy Watson's seminal canvases, works on paper, sculptural projects and artist's books. Judy Watson imparts the artist's ideas and writer Louise Martin-Chew gives another insight into the artist's practice."--Jacket.

http://www.worldcat.org/title/judy-watson-blood-language/oclc/436950274

Large, bold and colourful, Indigenous Australian art has impressed itself on the contemporary imagination. But it is controversial, dividing the stakeholders from those who smell a scam. Whether the artists are victims or victors, there is no denying their impact in the media and on the art world and collectors worldwide. How did it become the most successful Indigenous art in the world? How did its artists escape the ethnographic and souvenir markets to become players in an art world from which they had been barred? Superbly illustrated, and rich in detail and critical analysis, this book provides the first full historical account of Indigenous Australian art and shows that there is much more to the art than large colourful canvasses. About the Author Ian McLean is Senior Research Professor of Contemporary Art at the University of Wollongong and an Adjunct Professor at the University of Western Australia. His previous books include Double Desire: Transculturation and Indigenous Art (2014), How Aborigines Invented the Idea of Contemporary Art (2011) and White Aborigines: Identity Politics in Australian Art (2009).

https://www.booktopia.com.au/rattling-spears-ian-mclean/prod9781780235905.html

Floating Life: Contemporary Aboriginal Fibre Art

Contributing authors include Diane Moon, Diana Wood Conroy, Anna Haebich, John Kean, Julie Ewington, Bruce McLean, Lynne Seear 160 pages paperback colour illustrations

'Floating Life' highlights the importance of fibre within Aboriginal culture, and the Gallery's unique collection of more than 300 fibre objects. Included are commissioned pieces by key artists as well as acquisitions from established and emerging talents. There are woven fibre pieces, three-dimensional works with connections to the objects, and paintings illustrating processes and stitches used.

Banumbirr (the Morning Star), water, and the notion of movement through time and place are major themes. Water defines pathways and points of connection in Aboriginal life and marks important creation sites associated with specific woven objects. Spirit figures, ceremonial poles, dance objects, body adornment and useful nets and traps — ranging from small and delicate to large-scale — reflect variations on tradition, whereas exciting contemporary explorations are embodied in the found materials used by Lorraine Connelly-Northey. An in-depth view of the work of artists such as Jonathan Jones, Gulumbu Yunupingu, Shirley MacNamara, Yvonne Koolmatrie, Lena Yarinkura and Alan Griffiths recognises their role in forging important new directions.

https://www.qagoma.qld.gov.au/whats-on/exhibitions/past-exhibitions/floating-life

https://www.sellingyarns.com/2013/

Selling Yarns 3: Weaving the nation's story was a four-day event that presented a conference, a market day, workshops, an exhibition and associated activities program, and launched the inaugural Indigenous Art Film program. As the premier national forum for Indigenous textile and fibre in the country it was supported by the Centenary of Canberra, drawing people to the nation's capital from across the country.

Thirty Indigenous communities and art centres and 134 artists from every state and territory in Australia converged in Canberra to participate in Selling Yarns 3: Weaving the nation's story. Indigenous artists and elders, and art administrators, came together and participated as speakers, workshop facilitators and market stall holders to share their stories, exchange their knowledge and skills, and to trade. They opened their hearts to each other and to other conference delegates and visitors. As Tim Growcott so eloquently stated post conference:

"An authentic spirit of reconciliation coursed strongly throughout the four days, with so many stories and examples of practical collaborations and life- changing projects. The conference was a recognition of the important and sensitive work being accomplished by like-minded creators, forging links with the living past and forming models for healing into the future."

The project was a huge success, inspiring artists and creating strategic alliances between Indigenous communities across Australia. There has been significant cross cultural engagement and inspiration with international Indigenous artists and culture which paves the way for lasting relationships with opportunities to develop further collaborations and joint projects. Establishing dialogue and sharing cross-cultural exchanges with international artists, curators and researchers has placed Australian Indigenous textile practice within the broader international arena.

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