Agustina de Aragón, Casta Álvarez and other heroines of the siege of Zaragoza
In 1808, the Spanish city of Zaragoza was besieged by the armies of Napoleon Bonaparte. The Peninsular war was raging as the Spanish people resisted the French occupation.
Women distinguished themselves in defense of their homes. One of them was Agustina Raimunda María Zaragoza Doménech (1786-1857), also known as Agustina de Aragón.
Defender
In 1803, she married Juan Roca Vilaseca, a corporal in the Spanish Artillery. Since her husband had been stationed in Zaragoza in 1808, Agustina was present when the French troops besieged the city.
Many of the Spanish defenders of the strategic Portillo Gate had been wounded or killed following the French assaults. The enemy was beginning to storm the city. Agustina, who had been carrying food and water to the soldiers, stepped into the breach, retrieved a still-burning wick from the hand of a fallen gunner, and fired the cannon at the advancing French soldiers. Her courage rallied the defenders who repelled the assailants, thus saving the gate.
The Spanish Commander in Zaragoza, José de Palafox, heard of her bravery and rewarded her. Her exploit also won her international fame. Lord Byron wrote, for instance, a poem in her honor.
Zaragoza’s other heroines
She wasn’t the only woman to take arms. Another was Casta Álvarez (1786-1846). Armed with a bayonet, she defended the Sancho Gate and was later awarded a pension by King Ferdinand VII.
Manuela Sancho (1783-1863) fought to defend the San José convent, riffle in hand. María de la Consolación Azlor, countess of Bureta, (1773-1814) organized a battery to repel a French assault on her home. The names of Benita Portales, Juliana Larena, and María Lostal are also remembered. Women also nursed the wounded and brought food and drink to the soldiers. María Agustín (1784-1831) was, for instance, wounded when bringing ammunition to the defenders.
This first siege ended on August 14, 1808, but the French returned to besiege the city on December 19, 1808. Agustina wanted to fight but had contracted typhus and could only watch from her sickbed as the city was taken. Captured by the French, she and her son were forced to march to the frontier among a column of prisoners. She would probably have died if an officer had not placed her on the back of a mule. Agustina made it to Puenta de la Reina where she escaped. Her son died shortly afterward.
Ensign
Agustina reached the nearest headquarters of the Spanish army. She was made an ensign and served with her unit in Seville. She later fought in the defense of Tortosa and the battle of Vitoria, though her participation in the latter is subject to doubt.
After the end of the war in 1814, Agustina followed her husband to various military posts. After he died in 1823, she remarried to a doctor. She died in Ceuta on 29 May 1857.
Further reading
Esdaile Charles J., Women in the peninsular war
Fernandez Gilbert G., “Agustina de Aragón”, in: Bernard Cook (ed.), Women and war, an historical encyclopedia from antiquity to the present vol.1
Lawrence Tone John, “Aragón, Augustina”, in: Higham Robin, Pennington Reina (ed.), Amazons to fighter pilots, biographical dictionary of military women, vol.1
Navascués Alcay Santiago, “Casta Álvarez Barceló”
Solduga Francisco Javier, “La Artillera del Portillo”
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Stickers I did for me and a friend bc Zorra is a banger and the homage was wonderful. They came out better than I hoped so if more people are interested I can add them to the store!
Reminder to boycott Eurovision as long as Israel is allowed to participate. Thankfully you can listen to the songs outside of the contest!
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NEWS- 'Los Misterios de Laura' returns: 'Laura y sus Misterios'
The two new TV movies of 'Los Misterios de Laura' will once again feature their usual cast, starring Maria Pujalte along with Oriol Tarrasón, Laura Pamplona, Beatriz Carvajal and César Camino. Raúl Mérida will also reprise his role after his debut in 'Laura and the Mystery of the Unexpected Murderer'.
In addition, these new episodes will feature the addition of Manuela Velasco, Aarón Porras, Ascen López, Mariu Bárcena, Melina Matthews and Denis Gómez, among others.
'Laura y el misterio de la novia que esperó demasiado' and 'Laura y el misterio del paciente suspicaz' are the titles of these television films, directed by Jorge Saavedra ('El Zorro', 'Relato de una Obsesión'). Javier Holgado and Susana López Rubio are in charge of the script.
-> ‘Laura y el misterio de la novia que esperó demasiado’ (Laura and the mystery of the bride who waited too long)
During the plumbing work on a building in the center of Madrid, the skeleton of a woman who had been buried for a long time in the underground galleries of the building was found. The most surprising thing is that she is wearing a wedding dress. When one of the neighbors of the house says that she thinks she knows who she is and why she died, she is murdered. Laura will have to intervene to find out who, among all the neighbors, is the murderer. And without knowing it, she will encounter the most unexpected criminal of her entire career.
-> 'Laura y el misterio del paciente suspicaz’ (Laura and the mystery of the suspicious patient)
When Laura is admitted to a hospital due to an accident, she meets Adriana, another of the patients, who confesses that she is actually a journalist who is investigating the strange deaths of many of the patients who have passed through the center over the years. When Adriana herself dies the next day in the most unexpected way, Laura will have to discover the truth, in one of the most dangerous cases of her career, since, due to her status as a patient, she may be at the mercy of the murderer.
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