gvancal

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃12 べきです

べきです – predicative phrase meaning: Should, ought to (do)

 1.       After dictionary form of verb

一生懸命働くべきです。

You should work hard.

そんなものを買うべきではない。

You shouldn’t buy such a thing.

もっと早く来るべきでした。

I should have come much earlier.

あなたはもっと勉強す（る）べきです。

You should study more.

(する＋べき may be abbreviated to すべき)

2.       Used as adjective

それは注目すべき点だ。

That’s the point you should pay attention to.

(dictionary form of verb + べき directly precedes the noun and だ/です follows).

Words that were used:

一生懸命(いっしょうけんめい）＝very hard; with utmost effort; with all one's might; for dear life

働（はたら）く＝to work; to labor;

そんな＝such; like that; that sort of​

もの＝thing; object;

買（か）う＝to buy; to purchase​

もっと＝(some) more; even more; longer; further

早（はや）く＝early; soon

来（く）る＝to come; to approach; to arrive

あなた＝you

勉強（べんきょう）＝study

それ＝that

注目（ちゅうもく）＝notice; attention; observation

点（てん）＝point; aspect; matter; viewpoint； dot; mark

--------------------------------------------------

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                                     「 ღ   頑張ってね  ღ   」

#learning japanese #learning #japanese vocabulary #japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #japanese vocab #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese studyblr #kotoba #anime #langblr #japanese kanji #japanese langblr #japanese language #漢字 #tumblr language #university studyblr #university #japanese words

[gvancal]

Let’s Learn Japanese! Through Sentences #8

Key Word: 口　－it represents the shape of a mouth

     ① 口内炎ができて痛い。

    I have a cold sore and it hurts.

口内炎（こうないえん）＝mouth ulcer; stomatitis 痛（いた）い＝painful; sore

    ② 非常口はあそこです。

    Emergency exits are located over there.

非常口（ひじょうぐち）＝Emergency exit

あそこ＝there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener); over there; that place;

    ③ 三時に改札口で待っています。

    I’ll be waiting at the ticket gate at 3:00.

三時（さいじ）＝3 o'clock

改札口（さいさつぐち）＝ticket barrier; ticket gate;

待（ま）つ＝to wait

    ④ 彼女は早口で話す。

    She’s fast talker.

彼女（かのじょ）＝she; her; girlfriend

早口（はやくち）＝fast-talking; rapid talking

    ⑤ 都市に人口が集中する。

    The population is concentrated in the cities.

都市（とし）＝town; city; municipal; urban

人口（じんこう）＝population

集中（しゅうちゅう）＝concentration; focusing; convergence; centralization; integration; gathering together

    ⑥ 円満な夫婦は口論もすれば不満も言い合う。

    A happy husband and wife may sometimes argue and sometimes complain to each other.

円満(えんまん)＝harmonious; peaceful; happy; amicable; smooth; free from trouble

夫婦（ふうふ）＝married couple; husband and wife

口論（こうろん）＝quarrel; argument; row; (verbal) dispute

不満（ふまん）＝dissatisfaction; displeasure; discontent; complaints; unhappiness;

言（い）い合（あ）う＝to say to each other; to quarrel; to dispute

    ⑦ 山口先生は学生をよくほめる。

    Teacher Yamaguchi often praises his students.

山口（やまぐち）＝Yamaguchi (surname)

先生（せんせい）＝teacher; instructor; master

学生（がくせい）＝student (esp. a university student)

よく＝frequently; often

ほめる＝to praise; to commend; to compliment; to speak well of; to speak highly of

    ⑧ 出口はどちらですか？

    Where is the way out?

出口（でぐち）＝exit; gateway; way out

どちら＝which way; which direction; where​

                            「頑張ってね」

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[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃11   ば。。。ほど

ば。。。ほど  - Phrase meaning: the more… the more…

It follows the stem of ば-form of verb/adjective. The dictionary form of the same verb/adjective is repeated before ほど.

 1.       Used with verb

Group 1 (Consonant-stem verbs): Replace the last vowel with –え, and add ば： 行く➞行けば

Group 2 (いるandえる-verbs): Replace the final -る with –れ, and add ば：食べる➞食べれば

Group 3 (Irregular verbs): する➞すれば、くる➞くれば

練習すればするほどうまくなります。

The more you practice, the better you can do.

2.       Used with adjective

ば-form of adjective is made by replacing the final -い with-ければ. The negative of the ば-form is made by adding –なければ　(ば-form of ない) to the く-form. A future condition is expressed by the く-form +　なれば。

Dict. Form                      ば-form                    Neg. of ば-form.

わるい　　　　　　　　わるければ　　　　わるくなければ

いそがしい　　　　　　いそがしければ　　いそがしくなければ

早ければ早いほどいい。

The sooner, the better.

  Words that were used:

 練習（れんしゅう）＝practice; training;　exercise;

うまい＝skillful; skilful; clever; expert; wise; successful

なる＝to become; to result in;

早い＝fast; quick; hasty; (too) soon; not yet; (too) early​

行（い）く＝to go; to move

食（た）べる＝to eat

悪（わる）い＝bad; poor; undesirable

忙（いそが）しい＝busy; occupied; hectic

--------------------------------------------------

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                                      「    頑張ってね     」

#learning japanese #japan #japanese #japanese grammar #learn japanese #japanese langblr #japanese language #study #studying #japanese vocabulary #japanese vocab #anime #langblog #kanji #japanese kanji #kotoba #tumblr language #langblr #japanese studyblr #studyblr #日本語 #japaneseblr #gif #learning #japanese (日本語) #日本語を勉強します #study inspiration #study motivation #漢字 #university

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃10    ば

ばーForm is used for Verb and い-Adjective while なら is used for な-Adjective and Noun.

This form is made as follows:

Group 1 (Consonant-stem verbs): Replace the last vowel with –え, and add ば： 行く➞行けば

Group 2 (いるandえる-verbs): Replace the final -る with –れ, and add ば：食べる➞食べれば

Group 3 (Irregular verbs): する➞すれば、くる➞くれば

  ば particle meaning: if, when;

  1.       Used in ば–form of verb

          あそこに行けば山田さんに会えます。

           If you go over there, you can see Mr. Yamada.

          もっと早く来ればよかった。

           If I had come much earlier, it would have been better. (I should have come much earlier.)

           彼女が来れば教えてください。

            When she comes, please tell me.

(For a future condition, ［の］なら is used instead of ば after dictionary form of verb)

           東京に行くのなら新幹線がいいですよ。

            If you’re going to Tokyo, you should take the Shinkansen.

2.       After (adjectival) noun + なら (conditional form of だ)

          明日雨ならば行きません。

           I won’t go if it is rainy tomorrow.

3.       Used in ば-form of adjective.

It is made by replacing the final -い with-ければ. The negative of the ば-form is made by adding –なければ　(ば-form of ない) to the く-form. A future condition is expressed by the く-form +　なれば。

Dict. Form                     ば-form                    Neg. of ば-form

わるい　　　　　　　　わるければ　　　　わるくなけれ ば 　　　　　　　　

いそがしい　　　　　   いそがしければ　　いそがしくなければ

　　　　　　　　

           よろしければどうぞ食べてください。

           If it is all right (if you feel like it), please eat.

           天気が悪ければ延期しましょう。

            If the weather is bad, let’s postpone it.

            あなたの助けがなければできませんでした。

            Without your help, I couldn’t have done it.

            今忙しくなければお話ししたいのですが。

            If you are not busy now, I would like to talk with you.

  Words that were used:

 あそこ＝there (place physically distant from both speaker and listener); over there;

行（い）く＝to go; to move 

山田（やまだ）＝Yamada (surname)

さん＝Mr.; Mrs.; Miss;

会（あ）う＝to meet; to encounter; to see​

もっと＝(some) more; even more; longer; further

早（はや）く＝early; soon; quickly;

来（く）る＝to come; to approach; to arrive; to come back; 

よい＝good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant;

彼女（かのじょ）＝she; her​

教（おし）える＝to tell; to inform; to teach; to instruct

東京（とうきょう）＝Tokyo

新幹線（しんかんせん）＝Shinkansen; bullet train

明日（あした）＝tomorrow

雨（あめ）＝Rain​

よろしい＝good; OK; all right; fine; very well; will do; may; can

食（た）べる＝to eat

悪（わる）い＝bad; poor; undesirable

忙（いそが）しい＝busy; occupied; hectic

天気（てんき）＝weather;

延期（えんき）＝postponement; 

あなた＝you (referring to someone of equal or lower status)

助（たす）け＝assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement

できまる＝to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task

今（いま）＝now; the present time; 

お話（はな）し＝story; tale

   --------------------------------------------------

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                                       「    頑張ってね     」

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[gvancal]

Let’s Learn Japanese! Through Sentences #7

Key Word: 人

人 represents a side view of a person

①   あの人の手は小さいです。

        That person’s hands are small.

あの＝that

人（ひと）＝man; person

手（て）＝hand; arm​

小（ちい）さい＝small; little; tiny

②    男性であれ、女性であれ、人間としての権利は同じはずだ。

         Whether one is a man or a woman, one’s rights as a human being should be the same.

男性（だんせい）＝man; male

女性（じょせい）＝woman; female

人間（にんげん）＝human being; person; man;

として＝as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of)

権利（けんり）＝right; privilege

同（おな）じ＝same; identical; equal; 

はずです＝be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)

③     キムさんは韓国人だ。　

           Mr. Kim is Korean.

キム＝Kim (surname)

さん＝Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.; -san​

韓国人（かんこくじん）＝South Korean person.

④      蚊がこの病気をうつす。

           Mosquitoes transmit this disease to people.

蚊（か）＝mosquito

この＝this​

病気（びょうき）＝illness

うつす＝to infect​;

⑤     人間と動物の関係からもっと学べる。

          We can learn more from the relationship between people and animals.

人間（にんげん）＝human being; person; 

動物（どうぶつ）＝animal

関係（かんけい）＝relation; relationship; connection

から＝from

もっと＝(some) more; even more; longer; further

学（まな）ぶ＝to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in

⑥      日本語がやさしいなんて言ったことはないよ。

            I’ve never said that Japanese is easy.

日本語（にほんご）＝Japanese language​

やさしい＝easy; plain; simple

なんて＝things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; 

言（い）う＝to say; to utter; to declare

⑦       中国人は一人でした。

             There was one Chinese person.

中国人（ちゅうごくじん）＝Chinese person

一人（ひとり）＝one person

⑧　知人に借金をした。

　　　I borrowed money from my acquaintance.

知人（ちじん）＝friend; acquaintance;

借金（しゃっきん）＝debt; loan

⑨　ご家族は何人ですか？

　　　How many people are there is your family

ご家族（かぞく）＝family; members of a family​

何人（なんにん）＝how many people; a number of people

⑩　行けども行けども人家が見えるこない。

　　　No matter how far we go, we still can’t see houses.

行（い）く＝to go; to move 

Vども＝even though

人家（じんか）＝house; dwelling; human habitation

見（み）える＝to be seen; to be in sight

　　　　「頑張ってね」

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[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃9    ばかり

ばかり - Particle meaning: only, just, always, be ready to (do), have just (done), about

 1.       After てーform of verb followed by  いる・います

彼は遊んでばかりいる。

He is always playing.

2.       After dictionary form of verb, followed by だ・です

彼はいつも食べるばかりです。

He is always ready to eat.

3.       After たーform of verb, followed by だ・です

今ここに着いたばかりです。

I’ve just arrived here.

4.       After noun

彼は勉強ばかりしている。

He is always studying.

5.       After particle

彼女は図書館にばかり行きます。

She always goes to the library.

6.       After noun expressing length/quantity

一週間ばかり留守にします。

I’ll be away about a week.

一か月で２キロばかり体重が増えました。

I gained about two kilograms in one month.

 Words that were used:

 彼（かれ）＝he; him​; boyfriend​

遊（あそ）ぶ＝to play; to enjoy oneself; to have a good time

いつも＝always; usually; every time​

食（た）べる＝to eat

今（いま）＝now; the present time; 

ここ＝here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining);

着（つ）く＝to arrive at; to reach

勉強（べんきょう）＝study

彼女（かのじょ）＝she; her​; girlfriend

図書館（としょかん）＝library​

行（い）く＝to go; 

一週間（いっしゅうかん）＝one week

留守（るす）＝absence; being away from home

一か月（いっかげつ）＝one month

キロ＝kilo-; kilogram; 

体重（たいじゅう）＝(body) weight

増（ふ）える＝to increase; to multiply​

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                  「頑張ってください」

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[gvancal]

Learn Japanese Through Folktales 2　－　けちと黄金

Let’s learn it by breaking down the sentences. Please memorize the words:

けちと黄金

The Miser and the Gold

 けち＝miser; miserliness; penny-pinching; 

 黄金（おうごん）＝gold (Au)

昔ある老人がいました。

There was once an old man.

昔（むかし）＝olden days; former

ある＝a certain ...; Some...​

老人（ろうじん）＝old person; senior citizen; the aged; the elderly

いる＝to be (of animate objects); to exist​

 老人は決してお金を使いません。

He never spent his money.

 決（けっ）して＝never; by no means; not in the least; in no way;

お金（かね）＝money​

使（つか）う＝to use; to spend; to make use of; to put to use

ある日老人は、大きな黄金の塊を買いました。

One day he bought a big lump of gold.

 ある日（ひ）＝one day; (on) a certain day

大（おお）きな＝big; large; great​

塊（かたまり）＝lump; mass; bundle; clump; clod; cluster

買（か）う＝to buy; to purchase

 老人はその黄金を、りんごの木の根元に埋めました。

He buried it beneath an apple tree.

 その＝that; the

りんご＝apple

木（き）＝tree; 

根元（ねもと）＝root; source; origin; foundation; base; principle

埋（う）める＝to bury (e.g. in the ground)

 毎日老人はその木のところへやってきて、自分の黄金のことを思いました。

Every day he would visit the tree and think about his gold.

 毎日（まいにち）＝every day

ところ＝place; spot; scene;

やって来（く）る＝to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to come along; 

自分（じぶん）＝oneself;

思（おも）う＝to think;

 老人は、とても幸せでした！

Old man was very happy!

 とても=very;

幸（しあわ）せ＝happiness; good fortune; luck; blessing

 しかし、ある夜、泥棒がその黄金を盗んでしまったのです。

But one night, a thief stole the gold.

 しかし＝however; but

夜（よる）＝evening; night

泥棒（どろぼう）＝thief; burglar; robber

盗（ぬす）む＝to steal

 老人は、空っぽの穴を見て、泣き出しました。

The old man saw the empty hole and started to cry.

空（から）っぽ＝empty; vacant; hollow

穴（あな）＝hole; 

見（み）る＝to see;

泣（な）き出（だ）す＝to burst into tears; to burst out crying; to begin to cry;

 「わしの黄金が、盗まれた！わしの黄金が、無くなった！」

 わし＝I; me (used by elderly males)

無（な）くなる＝to be missing​; to be lost 

 芋虫が老人に話しかけました。

A worm spoke to him:

 芋虫（いもむし）＝horn-worm (caterpillar of a hawk moth); (hairless) caterpillar​

話（はな）しかける＝to begin to talk; to start a conversation

 「悲しまないで！黄金の代わり、その大きな石を埋めなさい。」

“Don’t be sad! You should bury that large stone instead”

 悲（かな）しむ＝to be sad; to mourn for; to regret

代（か）わり＝substitute; replacement; substituting; replacing

石（いし）＝stone

 老人には、訳が分かりません。

 The old man was confused.

訳（わけ）＝conclusion from reasoning, judgment or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation

分（わ）かる＝to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; 

 「なぜ、その石を埋めなきゃならんのだ？わしの黄金は無くなったのだ！わしは、貧乏なのだ！」

“Why should I bury that stone? My gold is gone! I am poor!”

 なぜ＝why; how​

なきゃ＝have to ...; Must...​

ならない＝must ...; have to ...; ought to

貧乏（びんぼう）＝poor;

  芋虫は答えました。「その石は、黄金と同じ値打ちがある���ですよ。」

The worm replied: “The stone is worth the same as the gold”

 答（こた）える＝to answer; to reply

同（おな）じ＝same; identical; equal; 

値打（ねう）ち＝value; worth; price;

 「黄金を持っていた時、あなたはその黄金を決して使いませんでしたね。」芋虫が訳を話します。

“When you had the gold you never spend it.” He explained.

 持（も）つ＝to possess; to have; to own

時（とき）＝time; hour; moment; occasion; 

あなた＝you 

話（はな）す＝to tell; to explain; 

 「黄金がそこにあると知っているだけで、木を訪れることで、幸せになりましたね」

“You would visit the tree and it would make you happy just knowing the gold was there”

 そこ＝there (place relatively near listener)​

知（し）る＝to be aware of; to know; 

だけ＝only; just; merely; simply; 

訪（おとず）れる＝to visit;

なる＝ to become; 

 「石を埋めなさい。そうすれば、明日その木を訪れて、きっと幸せな気持ちになれますよ。」

  Bury the stone and tomorrow you will visit the tree and you will be happy.

 そうすれば＝if so; in that case; in that situation​

明日（あした）＝tomorrow

きっと＝surely; undoubtedly; almost certainly; most likely (e.g. 90 percent)​

気持（きも）ち＝feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind

 そこで、老人はその石を埋め、毎日そこを訪れました。

So the old man buried the stone and visited it every day.

そこで＝so; accordingly; now; then; thereupon; therefore

 老人が毎日どんなに幸せそうにしているかを見って、芋虫は微笑んだそうです。

And the worm would smile every day when he saw how happy the old man was.

 どんなに＝how; how much

微笑（ほほえ）む＝to smile

 目出度し目出度し

めでたしめでたし

and they all lived happily ever after

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[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃8   あう

あう　Verb (added to other verbs) meaning: each other, reciprocally

1.       After conjunctive form of verb

助けあうことが大切です。

It is important to help each other.

 その問題について話しあえば解決できると思います。

If you talk with each other about the problem, I think you can solve it.

Words that were used:

助（たす）け＝assistance; help; aid; support; reinforcement

大切（たいせつ）＝important; necessary; indispensable

その＝that; the

問題（もんだい）＝question (e.g. on a test); problem

ついて＝about; concerning; as to; regarding

話（はな）し＝talk; speech; chat; conversation

解決（かいけつ）＝solution; resolution; settlement;

できる＝to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task

思（おも）う＝to think; to consider; to believe

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                 「頑張ってください」

#learning #learning japanese #japanese vocabulary #japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #japanese vocab #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese studyblr #kotoba #anime #langblr #japanese kanji #japanese langblr #japanese language #漢字 #tumblr language #university studyblr #university #japanese words

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃7  あとで

後（あと）で        Phrase meaning: after, later

 1.       After noun + の

いつも食事の後でコーヒーを飲みます。

I usually drink coffee after meals.

2.       After た–form of verb

仕事が終わった後で話したいことがあります。

There is something I want to talk to you about after I finish work.

3.       Used as adverb

後で電話しましょうか。

Shall I call you later?

Words that were used:

 いつも＝always; usually; every time

食事（しょくじ）＝meal; dinner

コーヒー＝Coffee

飲（の）む＝to drink; to gulp; to swallow; 

仕事（しごと）＝work; job; business; occupation; employment; vocation; task

終（お）わる＝to finish; to end; to close

話（はな）す＝to talk; to speak; to converse; to chat

電話（でんわ）＝telephone call; phone call

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                  「頑張ってください」

#learning #learning japanese #japanese vocabulary #japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #japanese vocab #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese studyblr #kotoba #anime #langblr #japanese kanji #japanese langblr #japanese language #漢字 #japanese words #university #university studyblr #tumblr language

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar  ＃6 ある

ある verb meaning: to be, there be, exist, have

 1.       After inanimate subject

銀行は駅の向こうにあります。

The bank is on the other side of the station.

2.       After (object) noun + が

「部屋にはシャワーがありますか。」

「はい、あります。」

“Does the room have a shower?”

“Yes, it does.”

3.       After た–form of verb +こと +が

(Used for expressing experiences)

東京に３回行ったことがあります。

I’ve been to Tokyo three times.

4.       After て–form of verb

(Used for expressing some continuing state caused by an action)

ドアは閉めてあります。

The door is shut (because I shut it)

 Words that were used:

銀行（ぎんこう）＝bank

駅（えき）＝railway station; train station

向（む）こう＝opposite side; other side; opposite direction

部屋（へや）＝room; chamber

シャワー＝shower

はい＝yes; that is correct

東京（とうきょう）＝Tokyo

３回（さんかい）＝three times

回（かい）＝counter for occurrences

行（い）く＝to go; to move 

ドア＝door 

閉（し）める＝to close; to shut

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                   「頑張ってください」

#learning #learning japanese #japanese vocabulary #japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #japanese vocab #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese studyblr #kotoba #anime #langblr #japanese kanji #japanese langblr #japanese language #漢字 #tumblr language #university studyblr #university #japanese words

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese Through Folktales 1 亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute - part 3

Part 3

Let’s learn it by breaking down the sentences. Please memorize the words:

亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute

亀（かめ）＝tortoise; turtle

笛（ふえ）＝ flute;

ところが．亀は踊るのを止めてしまいました。「止めないで！」と子供達はせがみました。

Then Turtle stopped dancing. “Don’t stop!” the children begged.

ところが＝even so; however; still; whereupon; even though;

踊（おど）��＝to dance (orig. a hopping dance)​

止（や）める＝to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit​

子供達（こどもたち）＝children

せがむ＝to badger; to pester; to beg

 亀は苦しそうに「ああもう駄目、足がうまく動かないわ。もうほんの少しだけ歩かせてもらうれば治るんだけれど．．．」と言いました。

“Oh, I can’t more, my legs are stiff. If I could just walk a little bit to loosen them ...” Turtle groaned.

苦（くる）しい＝painful; difficult; tough; hard

駄目（だめ）＝no good; cannot; must not;

足（あし）＝leg​

うまく＝well; successfully; skillfully; skillfully;

動（うご）く＝to move; 

もう＝already; now; further; more;

ほんの＝mere; only; just; slight

少（すこ）し＝small quantity; little; few; short distance

だけ＝only; just; merely; simply;

歩（ある）く＝to walk

治（なお）る＝to be cured; to get well; to be healed​

だけれど＝though; much as

言（い）う＝to say;

 小さい女の子が「あまり遠くへ行かないでね、すぐ帰って来てよ」と念をおしました。　「心配しないで、ここで待っていてね」と亀は言いました。

A little girl reminded “Don’t go too far, come right back.” “Don’t worry, you wait right here.” said Turtle.

小（ちい）さい＝small; little; tiny

女（おんな）の子（こ）＝girl; daughter

あまり＝not very (with negative sentence);

遠（とお）く＝far away; distant; at a distance;

行（い）く＝to go; to move

すぐ＝immediately; at once; right away; directly

帰（かえ）って来（く）る＝to return; to come back;

念（ねん）＝sense; idea; thought; feeling

念（ねん）を押（お）す＝to remind (someone of something); to call attention to; to make sure of; to emphasize; to emphasise

心配（しんぱい）＝worry; concern; anxiety;

ここ＝here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining);

待（ま）つ＝to wait​

 亀は茂みの中へはって行くと、すぐに見えなくなってしまいました。亀は大急ぎで自分の家へ帰って行ったのでした。

Turtle crawled off toward the jungle. The moment she was out of sight, she raced all the way back to her house.

茂（しげ）み＝thicket; coppice; brushwood

中（なか）＝inside; in

すぐに＝immediately; at once; right away;

見（み）える＝to be seen; to be in sight

大急（おおいそ）ぎ＝great hurry; great haste; rush

自分（じぶん）＝myself; yourself; oneself;

家（うち）＝house;

 その後亀の姿を見た人は誰もいませんでした。ただその日から森の中で耳をすますと、きれいな笛の音を聞く事が出来る様になりました。

Nobody ever found Turtle again. But to this day, if you strain your ear, you can hear the sweet sound of a flute in the forest.

 その後（ご）＝after that; afterwards; thereafter​

姿（すがた）＝figure; form; appearance; shape

見（み）る＝to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe

人（ひと）＝man; person

誰（だれ）も＝no one; nobody​; anyone

ただ＝only; merely; just; but; however; simply

その日（ひ）＝that day; the very same day

から＝since

森（もり）＝forest

耳（みみ）＝ear

耳をすます＝to listen carefully; to strain one's ears​

きれい＝pretty; lovely; beautiful; fair​

音（ね）＝sound; noise; 

聞（き）く＝to hear​; to listen

事（こと）＝thing; matter​

出来（でき）る様（よう）になる＝to be able

                                               おわり

                                                               The End

#japanese #japan #Tokyo #japanese language #japanese listening #japanese langblr #learning japanese #learning #japanese folklore #japanese folktales #japanese grammar #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese kanji #langblr #japanese studyblr #anime #kotoba #漢字 #tumblr language #亀の笛

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese Through Folktales 1 亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute - part 2

Part 2 

Let’s learn it by breaking down the sentences. Please memorize the words:

亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute

亀（かめ）＝tortoise; turtle

笛（ふえ）＝ flute;

 男は家に着くと亀をかごに入れて、入口をふさぎました。

When the man reached his house, he put Turtle into a cage and shut it.

男（おとこ）＝man; male​

家（いえ）＝house;

着（つ）く＝to arrive at; to reach

かご＝basket (shopping, etc.); Cage​

入（い）れる＝to put in; to let in; to take in; to bring in;

入口（いりぐち）＝entrance; entry; gate

ふさぐ＝ to close up; to block (up); to plug up; to shut up; to cover (ears, eyes, etc.); to close (eyes, mouth)

 そして自分の子供達に「絶対に亀を かご から出してはいけないぞ」と言い含めて、畑へ出かけて行きました。

Then he turned to his children: “Don’t let Turtle out of her cage.” And he went　 off to the fields.

そして＝and; and then; thus; and now; and finally​

自分（じぶん）＝oneself

子供達（こどもたち）＝children

絶対（ぜったい）＝definitely; absolutely; unconditionally

出（だ）す＝to take out; to put out

いけない＝must not do​

言（い）い含（ふく）めてる＝to explain clearly; to give detailed instructions

畑（はたけ）＝field (for fruits, vegetables, etc.); Cultivated land;

出（で）かける＝to go out 

行（い）く＝to go; to move

  子供達は外で遊び始めました。亀はお父さんの言いつけを守ってジーッとかごの中で静かに座っていました。

The children began to play outside. Turtle sat very still inside her cage, thinking about the father’s command.

 外（そと）＝outside; exterior

遊（あそ）ぶ＝to play; to enjoy oneself; to have a good time

始（はじ）める＝to start; to begin;

お父（とう）さん＝father; dad

言（い）いつけ＝order; command; directions; instructions

守（まも）る＝to protect; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe; to obey; to follow

ジーッ＝  either it means “firmly/ intently/still ” or to stare hard at something, focus on something"  eye expressions stare;

中（なか）＝inside; in

静（しず）か＝quiet; silent

座（すわ）る＝to sit;

 亀はかわいいメロディーを吹き始めました。すると子供達が走り寄って来て「亀さん、あなたが吹いているの？」と不思議そうに目を見開いて聞きました。

She began to play a sweet tune on her flute, and the children ran to the cage. “Is that you playing, Turtle?” they asked, their eyes wide with wonder.

 かわいい＝cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty​

メロディー＝melody

すると＝thereupon; hereupon

走（はし）る＝to run

寄（よ）る＝to approach; to draw near; to come near; to be close to

来（く）る＝to come 

あなた＝you

不思議（ふしぎ）＝wonderful; marvelous; strange; incredible; amazing; curious; miraculous; mysterious

目（め）＝eye; eyeball

見開（みひら）く＝to open one's eyes wide

聞（き）く＝to ask; to listen; to hear​;

 「そうよ」亀は子供達が喜んでいるのを見て、笛を吹き続けました 。 が、とうとう笛を吹くのを止めて、「私はね、笛より踊りが上手なのよ。見たい？」と聞きました。 

“Yes,” Turtle said. She kept on playing, for she could see the children were delighted. At last she stopped. “I can dance even better than I can play,” she said. “Would you like to see?”

喜（よろこ）ぶ＝to be delighted; to be glad; to be pleased

見（み）る＝to see; to look; to watch; to view;

続（つづ）ける＝to continue; to keep up; to keep on

とうとう＝finally; at last; ultimately; in the end

止（や）める＝ to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to end; to quit​

私（わたし）＝I, me

より＝than; from; out of; since; at; on

踊（おど）り＝dance

上手（じょうず）＝skillful; skilled; proficient; good (at); adept; clever

  「わあ、見たい、見たい、やって！」と小さい男の子は大声で言いました。 「じゃあ、笛を吹きながら踊って見せるわ。でも、かごを開けてくれなくては駄目だわ。ここは狭いから」と亀は言いました。

“Oh, I want to see, I want to see, please!” the little boy cried. “I’ll show you how to dance and play at the same time,” said Turtle. “But you must open the cage. There is no room in here.”

小（ちい）さい＝small; little; tiny    

男（おとこ）の子（こ）＝boy; male child; baby boy

大声（おおごえ）＝loud voice​

言（い）う＝to say;

じゃあ＝then; well; so; well then

見（み）せる＝to show; to display

でも＝but; however;

開（あ）ける＝to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock​

駄目（だめ）＝cannot; must not; not allowed

ここ＝here (place physically close to the speaker, place pointed by the speaker while explaining); this place

狭（せま）い＝narrow; confined; small; cramped

 小さい男の子がかごを開けると。亀は自分の 吹く 笛にあわせて踊りだしました。 子供 達 はそんな面白い物を見た事が無かったので笑いながら手をたたいて喜びました。

So the little boy opened the cage and Turtle began to dance and play. The children laughed and clapped their hands, for never had they seen such a wonderful thing.

自分（じぶん）＝oneself; himself; myself; yourself;

あわせて＝ at the same time

面白（おもしろ）い＝interesting; fascinating; amusing; enjoyable; fun;

物（もの）＝thing; object; article; stuff;

事（こと）＝thing; matter;​ thing; matter​

無（な）い＝not had; nonexistent; not being (there)​

笑（わら）い＝laugh; laughter​

ながら＝while; during; as

手（て）＝hand; arm​

たたく＝to clap;

 　　　　「頑張ってください」

#learning japanese #learning #japanese vocabulary #japanese folklore #japanese folktales #japanese langblr #japanese listening #japanese grammar #japanese language #Japanese #Japan #Tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese kanji #langblr #japanese studyblr #anime #kotoba #漢字 #tumblr language

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese Through Folktales 1 亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute - part 1

Let’s learn it by breaking down the sentences. Please memorize the words:

亀の笛 Turtle’s Flute

ブラジルの民話

A Brazilian folktale

 亀（かめ）＝tortoise; turtle

笛（ふえ）＝ flute;

ブラジル=Brazil

民話（みんわ）＝ folktale; folk story; folklore

昔々、川の土手で笛を吹く亀がいました。

Once upon a time, on the banks of a river, Turtle played her flute.

昔々（むかしむかし）＝long ago; once upon a time

川（かわ）＝river; stream​

土手（どて）＝embankment; bank of a river

吹（ふ）く＝to play (a wind instrument); to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.); To whistle (a tune);

 亀が笛を吹くと、動物達は皆うっとりとして聞きました。ライオン．象．ちょうちょう．蛇や猿達は亀の笛の音に合わせて踊りました。

When Turtle played, all the animals listened with rapt attention.  Lions, elephants, butterflies, snakes and monkeys danced to Turtle’s music.

動物達（どうぶつたち）＝animals

皆（みんな）＝all; everyone; everybody

うっとり＝spellbound; with rapt attention

聞（き）く＝to listen

ライオン＝Lion​

象（ぞう）＝elephant

ちょうちょう＝butterfly

蛇（へび）＝snake

猿（さる）＝monkey

達（たち）＝pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)​

音（ね）＝sound; ( ね is another reading of 音（おと）)

合（あ）わせて＝in all; in total; collectively

踊（おど）る＝to dance

ある日．一人の男が笛の音を聞いて、「ああ、あれは亀が吹いているのに違いない。あの亀は今が丁度おいしい頃だ」と思いました。

One day, a man heard Turtle’s music. “Ah, that must be Turtle making music. Turtle would taste very good right now,” he thought.

ある日（ひ）＝one day; (on) a certain day

一人（ひとり）＝one person​

男（おとこ）＝man; male​

あれ＝that (indicating something distant from both speaker and listener)

違（ちが）いない＝sure; no mistaking it; for certain; without doubt​

あの＝that​

今（いま）＝now; the present time; just now

丁度（ちょうど）＝exactly; precisely; just; right​

おいしい＝delicious; tasty; sweet​

頃（ころ）＝ suitable time; time of year; season; (approximate) time; around; about; toward​; 

思（おも）う＝to think; to consider; to believe

 そして男は「おーい亀よ！お前のきれいな笛を見せておくれ」と大きい声で呼びました。

So he called out in a loud voice: “Turtle! Show me your beautiful flute.”

そして＝and; and then; thus; and now; and finally​

おーい＝hey!; oi!;

お前（まえ）＝you​

きれい＝pretty; lovely; beautiful;

見（み）せる＝to show; to display　

見（み）せておくれ＝Verb て-form + おくれ＝Do ~ for me / to me.

大（おお）きい＝big; large; great

声（こえ）＝voice

呼（よ）ぶ＝to call out (to); to call; to invoke

 亀はゆっくりと戸口へ歩いて来て、笛差し出した。

Turtle slowly walked to the door and held out her flute.

ゆっくり＝slowly; unhurriedly; without haste;

戸口（とぐち）＝door; doorway

歩（ある）く＝to walk

歩（ある）いて来（き）ます＝to come by walking

差(さ)し出（だ）す＝ to hold out; to present; to submit;

  そのとたん男は亀の首をひっつかむと走り出しました。

But the moment the man saw Turtle, he grabbed her by the neck and began to run.

その＝that; the​

とたん＝just (now, at the moment, etc.); just as; in the act of; as soon as; at the moment that

首（くび）＝neck

ひっつかむ＝to snatch (at); to grab

走（はし）り出（だ）す＝to begin to run; to start running;

 亀は助けを求めて叫ぼうとしましたが、怖くて声が出ません。

Turtle tried to scream for help, but she was scared and couldn’t make a sound.

助（たす）け＝assistance; help; aid; support; 

求（もと）める＝to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for

叫（さけ）ぶ＝to shout; to cry; to scream; to shriek

怖（こわ）く＝scary; frightening;

 亀は目をつぶり、笛をしっかり握りしめ「助かります様に。。。」と心の中で祈りました。

She closed her eyes, holding tightly to her flute prayed to be saved.

目（め）＝eye

つぶる＝to close (eyes); to shut​

しっかり＝tightly (holding on); firmly; securely

握（にぎ）りしめる＝to grasp tightly

様（よう）に＝hoping or wishing for something​

心（こころ）＝mind; heart; spirit

中（なか）＝inside; in

祈（いの）り＝prayer

          「頑張ってください」

#learning japanese #learning #japanese vocabulary #japanese folklore #japanese folktales #japanese langblr #japanese listening #japanese grammar #japanese language #Japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese kanji #langblr #anime #kotoba #japanese studyblr #漢字 #tumblr language

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar #5 ありません

ありません – negative verb used for making the negative form of です, ある and adjectives.

 Note that the plain form is ない

 ①     After (adjectival) noun + では

        　　これは私の鞄ではありません。

        This is not my bag.

　　その問題はあまり重要ではありません。

　　That problem is not very important.

②     After く-form of adjective

　　この機械はどこも悪くありません。

　　Nothing is wrong with this machine.

　　外は寒くありませんでした。

　　It wasn’t cold outside.

 ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ 

Words that were used: 

これ＝this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic)​

私（わたし）＝ I; me

鞄（かばん）＝bag; satchel; briefcase; basket​

その＝that; the

問題（もんだい）＝question (e.g. on a test); problem

重要（じゅうよう）＝important; momentous; essential; principal; major

この＝this

機械（きかい）＝machine; mechanism

どこも＝nowhere (with neg. verb); nothing; everywhere; wherever​

悪（わる）い＝bad; poor; undesirable; at fault; to blame; in the wrong

外（そと）＝outside; exterior

寒（さむ）い＝cold (e.g. Weather)

   Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori 

                    「頑張ってください」

#learning #learning japanese #japanese vocabulary #japanese #Japan #tokyo #learn a language #learn japanese #studying #study motivation #study inspiration #study #student #langblog #japanese vocab #日本語 #japaneseblr #studyblr #japanese studyblr #kotoba #anime #langblr #japanese kanji #japanese langblr #japanese language #漢字 #tumblr language #university studyblr #university #japanese words

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar #4 あれ

あれ – Demonstrative noun meaning: that, those, it.

It refers to an object or objects far from both the speaker and the listener.

The polite form is あちら, which also means “that person” or “that direction.” あれ becomes あの before a noun it modifies. Moreover, it becomes あそこ when expressing “that place over there.”

 Followed by particle

 ⓵   「あれは何ですか？」　　           “What’s that?”

　　「あれは日本の祭りです。」       “It’s Japanese festival.”

⓶　  あちらに着いたら電話を下さい。

　　　Please call me when you get there.

⓷　 「あちらはどなたですか？」         “Who is that person?”

　　  「山本さんです。」                      “She is Ms. Yamamoto.”

⓸　　銀行はあの建物の隣です。

　　　The bank is next to the building over there.

　　　(あれ becomesあの when used as an adjective.)

⓹　　トイレはあそこにあります。

　　　The restroom is over there.

           (あれ becomesあそこ when meaning “that place over there.”)

⓺　　私の家はあそこです。

　　　My house is over there.

 ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ 

Words that were used: 

何（なん）＝what

日本（にほん）＝Japan

祭り（まつ）り＝festival

着（つ）く＝to arrive at; to reach

電話（でんわ）＝telephone call; phone call

下（くだ）さい＝please give me​/do for me

どなた＝who

山本（やまもと）＝Yamamoto (surname)

銀行（ぎんこう）＝bank

建物（たてもの）＝building

隣（となり）＝next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house

トイレ＝toilet; restroom; bathroom;

私（わたし）＝ I; me

家（いえ）＝ house;

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori 

                    「頑張ってください」

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[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar #3 あまり

あまり Adverb (used with a negative) meaning: not much, not many, not enough, not well, not very.

⓵　Used with negative verb

　　私はあまり食べません。

　　I don’t eat much.

　　彼のことはあまり知りません。

　　I don’t know much about him.

　　今あまりお金を持っていません。

　　 I don’t have much money now.

⓶　Used with negative adjective.

        天気はあまりよくありません。

　　The weather is not very good.

　　会社は家からあまり遠くありません。

　　The company is not very far from our house.

＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ ＝ 

Words that were used:

私（わたし）＝I; me

食（た）べる＝to eat

彼（かれ）＝he; him​

知（し）る＝to be aware of; to know; to be conscious of;

今（いま）＝now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately

お金（かね）＝money

持（も）つ＝ to have; to own; to hold (in one's hand); to take; to carry; to possess; 

天気（てんき）＝weather

よい＝good; excellent; fine

会社（かいしゃ）＝company

家（いえ）＝house

から＝from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since

遠（とお）く＝far away; distant; at a distance; distant place; by far

Handbook of Japanese Grammar

Book by Masahiro Tanimori

                   「頑張ってください」

#learning japanese #Japanese #Japan #Study #japanese vocabulary #japanese vocab #anime #langblog #kawaii #kanji #japanese grammar #japanese langblr #japanese language #japanese kanji #kotoba #tumblr language #langblr #japanese studyblr #studyblr #日本語 #japaneseblr #漢字 #anime gif

[gvancal]

Learn Japanese - Grammar #2  あいだ

間（あいだ）＝　Noun meaning: in between, between, during, from… through, among, while

1.       Followed by に

間に立ってください。

Please stand in between.

2.       After noun + の, followed by に

留守の間に田中さんが訪ねてきました。

Mr. Tanaka came to see you during your absence.

3.       After noun + と + noun + の, followed by に

郵便局は駅と学校の間にあります。

The post office is between the station and the school.

4.       After noun + から + noun + まで　の

１０日から１５日までの間休みます。

I’ll take holidays from the 10th through the 15th.

5.       After verb in the progressive tense, followed by に

本を読んでいる間に眠ってしまった。

I fell asleep while I was reading a book.

6.       After dictionary form of the adjective, followed by に

若い間にもっと勉強しなさい。

Study more while you are young.

＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝

Words that were used:

立（た）つ＝to stand; to rise; to stand up

留守（るす）＝absence; being away from home

田中（たなか）＝Tanaka (surname)

訪（たず）ねる＝to visit; to call on; to pay a visit to

郵便局（ゆうびんきょく）＝post office

駅（えき）＝railway station; train station

学校（がっこう）＝school

１０日（とおか）＝the tenth day of the month; ten days

１５日（じゅうごにち）＝fifteenth day of the month; fifteen days;

休（やす）む＝to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break

本（ほん）＝book;

読（よ）む＝to read

眠（ねむ）る＝to sleep (not necessarily lying down)​

若（わか）い＝young; youthful

もっと＝(some) more; even more; longer; further

勉強（べんきょう）＝study

　　　　　　　「頑張ってください」

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