The fascinating life and mysterious death of Helen M.T. Ayres
By C.J. Thompson
After reading the story, “Clippings from Fanny’s Bible,” written by M. Laura Race in the March /April 2023 issue of Yates Past, I was compelled to do more research on the mysterious circumstances surrounding the death of Miss Helen M. T. Ayres. The newspaper clipping described that Helen hadn’t been seen all day on Thursday, January 26, 1899. The neighbors became very concerned, as she hadn’t appeared for her usual meal at the Knapp House.
Once authorities obtained a key from the man who had worked on her furnace, they – along with Mrs. Bower, a neighbor – searched her home without success until one of them opened her old Saratoga trunk, which she apparently let her Angora cats sleep in (with the lid opened). They found Helen in the trunk kneeling with her head on the tray cleat with a bottle of chloroform that was opened near her face. Was this a murder or a suicide? Who was the man who took care of her furnace?
She was born Helen M. Turner on October 11, 1840, in Ovid, Seneca County to John Turner and Susannah Ayres. John and Susannah died in 1842 in Elmira, Chemung County. One of Susannah’s older half-brothers, Lewis Smalley Ayres, and his wife, Esther McLellan, adopted Helen, as they had no children of their own. Lewis had lost his mother and another sibling during a difficult childbirth when he was just 3 years old, and his mother was only 19 years old.
In order to better understand all of Helen’s amazing achievements for a woman living in the 19th century, I delved into the lives of her adoptive parents. Lewis was born on January 29, 1811, in Trumansburg, Tompkins County to Nathaniel Ayres and Susannah Coddington.
At the age of 17 in 1828, he went to Ithaca to learn the hatter’s trade. He married Esther McLellan in 1832, and they settled in Penn Yan, where he purchased stock in the hat business of Eleanor Jenkins. Lewis later sold his shares in the hat store for health issues to Lewis B. Mandeville.
In 1835, Lewis and William Griffin established a dry goods business and he worked there for about a year. His next venture, in 1841, was a hardware business with partners William Whitney and Oliver Stark on the corner of Main and Elm streets. Subsequent to the dissolution of the partnership before 1850, Lewis created an insurance agency, where he worked for the remainder of his life. He was also active in political affairs and held a high position in the Masonic order.
Interestingly, the hardware store now known as Pinckney Ace Hardware remains in the same location where a hardware business first began more than 180 years ago. A fire in March 1985 did extensive damage to the building, but the building was salvageable and has been renovated. The hardware business in this location has had numerous partnerships that served Penn Yan and surrounding areas, including Armstrong & Gage, Armstrong & Hollowell, and Hollowell & Wise. Sons would either purchase their father’s shares or inherit their shares when they died.
Between 1836 and 1841, Lewis also held various town offices, being a village trustee for Penn Yan and a superintendent of the Crooked Lake Canal, and he worked under the Pierce and Buchanan administrations for eight years. Lewis died at home on May 14, 1876 at age 66. Helen had been his assistant early on and then became his partner in the insurance agency for numerous years and now assumed control of the business, located on the Knapp House block on Main Street.
Esther Ayres was born in 1810 in Johnstown, Fulton County. Her parents were Archibald McLellan and Isabella McIntyre. I traced Isabella’s maternal side back to 1492 to her 10th great-grandfather, John MacIntyre, who was born in Strathclyde, Scotland. All of the men in this line were chieftains of Clan MacIntyre. Isabella and Archibald were both born in Scotland and married there at the young age of 16. According to Esther’s obituary in the Penn Yan Express, dated September 17, 1879, her parents headed to America shortly after marriage. It is unknown if Esther displayed any attributes from her Scottish ancestors. The port of Glasgow, Scotland was the starting point of Helen’s European trip itinerary in the summer of 1888, onboard the S.S. Furnessia of the Anchor Line.
Did Helen perceive education and hard work exemplified by her father as a key to her success or did social discrimination lead Helen to attend college? Lewis was dedicated to his family and the small community of Penn Yan. Helen first appeared with her parents in the 1850 U.S. Census, living in Penn Yan. Esther was listed as a homemaker in the Census from 1855 to 1875. It is mentioned in Esther’s obituary, dated September 10, 1879, that she had become an invalid in her later years. Three different servants were also listed as living in the household between 1860 and 1875.
Helen was a woman ahead of her time; she attended Elmira Female College from 1855 to 1859 and was one of 17 women in the first graduating class. She was only 15 years old when she started classes there. Being first in alphabetical order, Helen was handed the first diploma. Helen later presented her diploma back to the college as a gift, and it now hangs in the College Archives.
Elmira Female College was founded as a college for women in 1855, and it is the oldest existing college in the United States granting degrees to women equivalent to those given to men. Helen, along with other women of her class, would have lived in the first college building known as Cowles Hall. The women would also attend classes and dine there.
In the Troy Weekly Times, dated July 26, 1856, an article describes a fire at 212 Liberty St. in Penn Yan and how 15-year-old Helen M. T. Ayres was badly burned. Fire ignited by fluid in a lamp consumed her dress and burned her flesh. William Gaumann, of Leroy, was there and burned as well. Given the time frame, Helen must have been home from college on summer break. Helen did not let the burns stop her from attending the Fall 1856 semester at Elmira female College.
The article is brief and doesn’t give details on the severity or where on Helen’s body she was burned. This could be another clue that may have played a role in Helen’s death. In those days, it was common to prescribe chloroform to treat pain.
It was exciting to view a photograph of Helen on FamilySearch. The following excerpt is from the original copy of her passport written by Helen, dated June 21, 1888 in Penn Yan: “Enclosed please find application for a passport. Our trip will include Scotland, England, Ireland, Wales, France, Germany and Switzerland. As I could not give a very description of myself, I enclose a photograph from what of myself, so that you will be able to file the passport more intelligently. Please return at once as we sail next week, signed Helen M.T. Ayres.”
She had also included money for her friend and neighbor, Miss Helen Baxter, to accompany her on this voyage. Helen and her friend, Helen Baxter, were two of the 207 passengers aboard the S.S. Furnessia. It appears Helen either jotted this note hurriedly or maybe it was a sign of an underlying health issue that would return later down the road.
Helen did not let her rural upbringing deter her from attaining her goals. She was only 5 feet tall and wanted her voice to be heard. Helen is not listed in the U.S. Federal Census for Penn Yan from 1860 to 1870. She reappears in 1875.
In a letter dated February 6, 1955, Sidney E. Ayres, of the Penn Yan Printing Company and editor of The Chronicle-Express, wrote to Mr. Barber of Elmira: “Helen had apparently taught and was a preceptress in one or more southern schools for about 10 years after graduation, according to a pile of letters from her former pupils. Family legend tells that the feeling ran so high against her as a Yankee teacher, at one time that she was sent home through the lines by a Confederate gunboat and transferred under a flag of truce to a Union gunboat on the Mississippi, I presume.” Although Sidney E. Ayres, a relative of Helen’s, never found any proof of that happening.
It is interesting to note that Helen and other family members – Stephen B. Ayres Jr., his wife, Harriet, and son Malcolm claim that they were all born in England, in the 1892 U.S. Census. Was it possible for all of them to be hiding from someone? If so, who?
Helen was actively involved with her alma mater after graduation and took many trips with friends and students attending Elmira Female College. One such trip was documented by Montreal Printing and Publishing, dated 1871. On this trip, passengers would travel on the Northern Central Railway as well as the Royal Mail Line of steamers. The tour included the Hudson River; Trenton Falls; Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; the Thousand Islands; and the St. Lawrence River.
Like her father, Helen was an active participant in her community. Among her many achievements, she served not only on the board of the Penn Yan Public Library, which was founded in 1895, but also was the first librarian there. She was one of the founders of the 19th Century Club. Club members took many trips and one of their favorite places to go was Lake Luzerne. Helen hosted numerous lawn parties that included members along with their children at her home at 212 Liberty St. in Penn Yan.
Her house was located next to where the Michael Sterns Clothing Factory once was, and the house was demolished in 1956 in order to accommodate a much-needed expansion for the Michael Sterns Clothing Factory. Aldi is there now.
In April 1873, Sibyl, Elmira Female College’s literary magazine, stated, “We learned that Helen M. T. Ayres, is at present engaged in writing a book.” Helen purchased a Remington typewriter in December 1884 in Syracuse according to an article in the Yates County Chronicle. The Remington typewriter was manufactured by gun makers E. Remington and Sons, of Ilion, in 1874.
The Shakespeare Club was another club Helen was active in, and according to various newspaper articles she went from secretary in October 1883 to president at the December 9, 1898, meeting. The club meetings were held at different members’ homes. According to her obituary, she had sent out notes the day before her questionable death, assigning members parts for the next meeting on the second Friday of every month.
Why would Helen send out notes for the Shakespeare Club on the day before she was found “possibly positioned” in her Saratoga trunk? According to witnesses, she had gone to supper on Wednesday evening, and by all appearances seemed to be her normal, lighthearted self. However, she did purchase a 6-ounce bottle of chloroform earlier in the day. Who was the chloroform for?
In the past, known by her closest family and friends, Helen had purchased chloroform from the local druggist to provide her treasured Angora cats – who were very sick and had no hope of surviving – a more tranquil way to pass. On her death certificate, the Manner of Death was documented as “Chloroform Administered by herself.”
How did the police and possible witnesses of Helen come to that conclusion? There surely must have been an inquest. Given the year of the incident, Helen’s house may have not been secured as a potential homicide site. Those who walked into the home and touched things in search of Helen may have contaminated any evidence.
It is also mentioned in her obituary that there had been a handkerchief saturated with chloroform on the nightstand bedside Helen’s bed along with a smaller container of chloroform. Were these items placed there specifically to throw the authorities off the possibility of murder?
Furthermore, there had been what appeared to be a slight irritation on Helen’s face as she was lifted from the Saratoga trunk and placed back on her bed. According to those who were present, her bed looked as though she had been in her bed prior to the trunk.
Neighbors had mentioned that before her untimely death, she had suffered a severe attack of the grippe, commonly known today as influenza, and that it had left her weak and suffering from insomnia. Chloroform can make an individual sleepy quickly, but how long they sleep depends upon how much of the chloroform they were exposed to. Is it possible that Helen neglected the power of this drug?
The Penn Yan community had lost an intelligent and vibrant individual who by all accounts was happiest when helping others. Family, friends, and business acquaintances alike were dumbfounded as to why Helen M. T. Ayres would end her life in such a matter when all circumstances gave the impression of her going about happily as she would any day.
Nothing in her will, dated and signed on May 31, 1893, seems out of the ordinary. She listed items she wanted to go to specific family members and friends. At the time of her death, the value of personal property did not exceed $2,500. The last sentence in her will reads, “I do this in token of affection, and as a recognition of their affection for me, believing as I do that they, better than any other living persons, love me.”
Her obituary was in the Yates County Chronicle and the British Whig of Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Helen was mentioned in the Chronicle, dated February 1, 1899, by other members of the 19th Century Club: “Our dear friend was kind, generous, thoughtful for each member-the perfect embodiment of unselfishness.”
Although my research on Helen M. T. Ayres is finished, I am fascinated by all that she accomplished in her life. The tenacity that she had challenged her to do things that most women would not have dared to do during that time period. I am now able to put her story to rest, but I will always wonder whether she truly did administer the chloroform herself.
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Hazelnut Kitchen Restaurant
53 East Main Street
Trumansburg NY 14886 USA
http://www.hazelnutkitchen.com
Dinner on Friday 10/28/2022
We were on a trip to explore NY State’s Finger Lakes Region.
We tried this restaurant and were blown away!
We didn’t have reservations and the dining room was full so we were fortuitously offered seats at the bar which overlooked the kitchen. We basically got dinner AND a show.
You knew you’d be up for a formidable meal just from the bread and butter given to start. The butter was topped with beautiful edible flower petals.
The menu was interestingly divided by the size of the portion/plate: small, smallish, bigger, biggest.
We started with what we called a salad that will change your life: the badger flame beet salad, horseradish crème-fraiche, seed cracker, trout roe and dill. This salad was a delight for both the eye and the palate. The fiery orange-red color of the “badger flame beet” was something I’d never seen. Flavour-wise, it was a deconstructed borscht!
Next course was the honeynut squash risotto with feta topped with crunchy pepitas. We called it creamy risotto with a sparkle crunch.
The kitchen staff obviously heard us ooohing and aaahing about the food and gave us a taste of the chicken liver profiteroles, tamarind caramel and pickled delicata. Profiteroles are typically associated as a dessert. Paired with chicken liver sounded a bit gross BUT throw your predetermined thoughts out the window. This combination was completely yummalicious.
Our main course was the whole fried black bass, ginger scallion sauce, carolina gold rice and crushed cucumbers. Cooked to perfection, flaky and just LOOK at that impressive presentation! I am well practiced in taking apart whole fish but can see how such a dish might be intimidating for those less experienced.
To top off dinner, we tried the ice cream sandwich made with Vietnamese iced coffee ice cream and Dutch stroopwafel with espresso caramel. Having travelled numerous times to both Amsterdam and Vietnam, I was entertained by the successfully inventive mashup of flavors and cultures.
Tasty surprises came even with the bill in the form of house made caramels.
Notes I jotted down in my phone as we ate:
Happy dance food!
I am not going to brush my teeth because I want to keep that taste in my mouth forever. 😁
Original, well thought and inventive food combinations that simply worked.
Watching the chef cook in the kitchen with his staff: genius at work.
Highly highly recommended.
This restaurant’s food is a triumph in Trumansburg.
Bravo Chef Matt Hummel!!
#trumansburg #hazelnutkitchen #NYS #fingerlakes #fingerlakesregion #badgerflamebeet #chickenliverprofiterole #blackbass #vietnameseicedcoffeeicecream
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