#but i hear its more and more common for feminine speakers to use neutral and maybe masculine speech patterns

[theultimateultimateweapon]

Kirby: Meta Knight and the Knight of Hades (Chapter 4)

Meta Knight woke up in a strange place.

(Huh…? Where am I…?)

Flowers were blooming all over. However, all the flowers were faded and scentless. It was as dim as before dawn. The sky was gray without sun or clouds.

(Am I… on earth…?)

Meta Knight remembered.

He visited the planet Magnus to regain his treasured sword, the Galaxia. Then, the moment he swung his sword up against his enemy, Beryl…

His feet collapsed and he fell into a deep hole. He realized that it was a pitfall and tried to fly, but his limbs suddenly became numb and he couldn’t move.

As his consciousness left, he couldn’t remember what happened after.

(Then, is this the bottom of the hole…? No, it seems different…)

As he thought, a voice called out to him.

“Hello? New brother?”

“...What?” Meta Knight looked around.

He saw no figure, just a light blue butterfly perching on a flower.

“Who...?”

“It’s me, silly. You’re not going crazy, I’m on the flower.”

The butterfly fluttered its wings.

Meta Knight was stunned. “The butterfly, are you the one talking?”

“Yeah, that’s right.”

Meta Knight tried to bring his face closer to him.

The butterfly spoke with a kind voice. “My name is Papi. Brother, what’s your name?”

“...Meta Knight.”

“That’s difficult to say. Are you okay with Meta?”

“...That is fine. Tell me, what is this place?”

“Didn’t you notice? This is Hades, the underworld.”

“Ha...des…?”

“The world after death.”

Meta Knight was shocked by Papi’s words. “After death…!? Did I die?”

“You are dying, to be precise. Meta, you’re wandering between life and death. You have to get used to this world if you’re going to die properly.”

“This isn’t funny!” Meta Knight shouted. “I want to go back. Return me to the original world!”

“It’s not so easy. Once you’re here, it’s difficult to go back.”

“...But…!”

“Well, take your time. After a while, Meta, you’ll become familiar with this world and you won’t want to go back to the original world.”

“...Don’t be silly!” Meta Knight turned his back on Papi and started walking.

Papi fluttered and followed. “Where are you going?”

“To find a way back.”

“Eh? You won’t find one. You should just get used to Hades.”

“You’re too noisy!”

Meta Knight was confused. No way could he be wandering between life and death…

Papi seemed to have a friendly personality but he was constantly talking.

“Meta, your body took a heavy blow in the original world, so now your body is dying.”

“...”

“But you haven’t died yet, so your soul is still calling for your body. Over time, your body will die and you can’t go home.”

Papi’s voice was carefree, but Meta Knight was horrified.

“How much time do I have?”

“Eh?”

“How long until I won’t be able to go home? How much time is left?”

“Um… usually three days.”

“Three days…?”

“Yeah, but in the land of Hades there is no day or night because the sun doesn’t rise.”

“Then, how do you measure the length of the day?”

“That there…” Papi fluttered and stopped at a tree growing on the side of the road.

A gray bud was attached to the tip of a thin branch.

“This is a common flower found everywhere in the underworld. They all bloom together in the day and deflate in the night.”

At that time, the gray buds began to open slowly.

Papi said, “Wow, it just bloomed. That means it’s dawn in the underworld.”

“Then, I have three flower blooms left…”

Meta Knight started walking fast.

There was too little time left. If he couldn’t find a clue within three days, then it was over like he said.

“You have three days for the body to recover in the original world. Even if it’s less than three days, if you die, you’re stuck here.”

“...”

Is Meta Knight’s body still lying at the bottom of the deep hole?

He prayed that his subordinates and Kirby would help him.

Papi spoke with carefree cheer, “If you have any questions, ask me anything. When it comes to Hades, I’m much older than you, Meta. For example, in the underworld, you have to be careful for…”

Then.

Suddenly, a big shadow struck from the sky.

“Waaa!?” Papi screamed. “G-ghost bat! You have to be careful with those! Run away, Meta!”

Meta Knight quickly drew his sword. 

A big, bat-like monster attacked.

Meta Knight jumped high and slashed the monster.

The monster screeched and ran away.

“Wow… woow… wooow…!” Papi rested on Meta Knight’s head and fluttered.

Meta Knight took a closer look at the sword he had in his hand.

It was similar to the sword he had when he fell into the hole, but with a gray blade and no shine. Perhaps it was a sword of Hades, which had no substance.

It would be enough to fight with in the underworld.

Meta Knight held his sword and asked. “There are creatures that live here?”

“No, they’re not living things. They’re residents of the underworld so they’re not alive.”

“...Well, then what was that thing?”

“I’ve just been calling it a ghost bat. I don’t know the real name, but it’s a ferocious monster. No matter where you are, one will attack you.”

Papi finally settled down and began to flutter again.

“Well, the inhabitants of Hades won’t die no matter how badly injured, because they’re already dead.”

“...Really.”

“But if you get seriously injured, you may never be able to fly again. If you see a scary monster like that ghost bat, you just have to hurry and run away…”

Papi flew around Meta Knight.

“Meta Knight is strong! I’m super impressed you beat the ghost bat!”

“...”

“It’s rude to call you Meta, isn’t it? I’ll have to address you with more respect. Hmm… how about big brother Meta?”

“...Stop it. Just Meta Knight is fine.”

“Okay, Meta Knight can be my boss, then!”

Meta Knight thought.

In order to escape from the land of the dead, he would need to know where to go. He would need a guide.

Papi was a strange butterfly, but he didn’t look like a bad guy and might be a suitable guide for him.

“If you want to work for me, then help me get back to the original world, Papi.”

“Hmm, I don’t want you to go back. I want you to stay here in Hades forever.”

“I want to go back. No, I have to go back.”

“...I guess I can’t help it. If that’s what Meta Knight wants, I’ll cooperate.”

“Thank you.”

Meta Knight once again walked down the faded flower path.

He just kept on walking and walking.

In the land of Hades, the sun does not rise, so it never gets brighter or darker. It was just as dim as before.

Gray flowers that signal the passage of time were blooming all over. Meta Knight hurried ahead, careful about the appearance of the flowers.

How long had he been walking? Suddenly, the flowers were slowly deflating.

Meta Knight stopped involuntarily and took a deep sigh.

Papi spoke, “The first day is over! Thank you for letting me help, Meta Knight. I couldn’t find any clues.”

Meta Knight did not answer and started walking again.

“Eh, are you still walking? It’s already night time. Don’t you want to rest?”

“I can’t afford it. And… there’s something strange.”

“What?”

“I’ve been walking all day, but I don’t feel weak.”

It was a funny feeling. He didn’t feel hungry or thirsty, or tired. He didn’t feel drowsy.

“That’s not unusual.” Papi laughed. “This is the underworld. Meta Knight, you and I are just souls. Because we don’t have bodies, we don’t feel any of that anymore.”

Papi’s voice was bright, but Meta Knight’s heart was quiet.

“It’s very convenient, isn’t it? It’s such a mess to eat and drink. Hades is a good place. Don’t tell me you still want to go home…”

Meta Knight didn’t say anything and finally sped up.

“Oh, Meta Knight. Are you sure you don’t want to rest? Even if you’re not tired, you should rest at night.”

“I can’t take a rest.”

“But the night trip is dangerous…” Papi was worried.

A mysterious thing passed by in front of Meta Knight.

It was another butterfly.

A butterfly, slightly larger than Papi, slowly fluttering its wings.

What caught his eye was the shade. Even the light blue color, like Papi’s which was pale, was rare to see in Hades.

Meta Knight couldn’t look away.

The bright red butterfly disappeared as if a flame.

“What was that…?” Meta Knight’s voice murmured.

However, he got no reply from his noisy, chatty guide.

“Papi?” Meta Knight looked around.

Papi was hidden behind a gray flower bud. He appeared quietly in response to the call from Meta Knight. “Did you say something?”

“There’s a red butterfly. Oh, it’s gone.”

“Oh, good…”

Papi fluttered down and perched on Meta Knight’s head.

“What’s wrong? You seem strange.”

“Uh, yeah… I was just a bit frightened, he…”

“What, that red butterfly? What’s scary about it, it was just flying.”

“That’s right…” Papi moved his wings anxiously. “But, that butterfly has a creepy legend.”

“Legend? What?”

“I’ll explain. Let’s take a break.”

Meta Knight didn’t feel like taking a break, but he was worried about Papi’s story.

Reluctantly sitting at the base of the tree, Papi began to speak in a frightened manner.

“That red butterfly is said to react to the voice of a final agony.”

“A final agony?”

“Yeah. That’s the voice someone makes when they die. It’s not normal. Only someone who is incredibly strong reacts to the screams you make when you die.”

“That’s… such an eerie legend.”

“Right?”

Papi flew around in front of Meta Knight’s face.

“He hides somewhere during the day and starts wandering around at night, so night trips are dangerous.”

“It doesn’t seem that dangerous. How does an eerie legend attack you?”

“Yeah, I don’t know. I’ve never been attacked. He seems to be able to change his appearance.”

“Change appearance?”

“Suppose a very strong warrior loses a battle and releases an agonizing scream, that butterfly is called by the scream and flies to it. They become possessed and become a knight of butterflies.”

“Knight of butterflies?” Meta Knight smiled.

But Papi kept a serious tone. “It’s not a lie. It’s a famous legend in the butterfly world!”

“The butterfly world…”

“In the world of butterflies, everyone knows of a knight born from the red butterfly and a strong warrior called Morpho Knight. That’s how strong it is!”

“Incredibly… strong…?” Meta Knight was moved.

When he heard of the knight of butterflies he first smiled, but wasn’t anymore.

Red butterflies have an ominous power. When that power attaches to a strong warrior, an unimaginably terrifying knight may be born.

“If they’re truly such a strong knight… I definitely want to fight them.”

Finally, his true goal was found.

Papi was so surprised he turned over. “EEHHH!? Are you serious!? Meta Knight, you really want to fight such a strong opponent!? You’re weird!”

“...You think so?”

“It’s strange, that’s all. Usually I’m careful not to come across dangerous opponents. That’s why the butterfly world taught me not to travel in the middle of the night. Wait… Meta Knight!”

Meta Knight stood up and started walking.

Papi fluttered in a hurry.

“Let’s rest for now! Besides that red butterfly, there are many monsters that roam at night! There will be more and more terrifying things than ghost bats!”

“Wonderful! Let’s find them!”

“Why are you so excited!? Meta Knight!”

“If you’re scared, you don’t have to come. we can split up here.”

“No, no! I’m your subordinate now! Wait, wait~!”

Papi moved his wings together and chased Meta Knight.

(Chapter 3 - Table of Contents - Chapter 5)

#kirby novels #kirby of the stars #kirby light novel #translation #kirby light novel translation #meta knight #papi #morpho knight #Kirby: Meta Knight and the Knight of Hades #Hi Meta Knight! Welcome to the Good Place #I did some research to figure out if papi was masculine or feminine because like i said im new to this and i believe he's masculine... #Papi lacked most feminine speech patterns and had a few masculine/neutral speech patterns #but i hear its more and more common for feminine speakers to use neutral and maybe masculine speech patterns #so again just be patient with me if there are any issues

[friendlylocalwhumper]

okay, i have many asks in my inbox to analyze the phonetics of y’alls characters’ names, so i’m gonna do a huge batch of them in one post here. just don’t want to flood my blog with a bunch of non-whump posts!

the names under the ‘read more’ cut are: Jack, Carla, Thane, Julian, Thyria, Lianei, Ruby, Miriam, Donna, Yuki, Nick, Martin, Dante, Emma, Anya, Ebony, and Brenna!

Heads up - analyzing these sounds depends on how I think the names are pronounced, and also depends on my accent (South Jersey, specifically) so vowels may differ based on that! Consonants will probably differ only slightly if at all. The /r/ sound is so complex that I am using a very simplified version. Also, the /r/ sound heavily impacts vowels, and my accent relies very heavily upon the /r/ sound, so if you have an accent that tends to retract the /r/ from words? my pronunciation will sound so weird to you.

Jack: the beginning of this name, the affricate /dʒ/, and the consonant sound at the end, voiceless velar plosive /k/ - both those sounds are crisp and noticeable. the /k/ is often tagged onto the next sound - so, if you say ‘Jack’ in a sentence, that /k/ tags onto the next word, or even becomes voiced to make something like a /g/ sound. now, the /dʒ/ and /k/ sounds are joined by the /æ/ vowel, bright and lateral and almost nasal in its pronunciation. all around, this name is crisp and bright, short and concise.

Carla: /kärlə/ starts with the voiceless velar plosive /k/, sharp, crisp, clear. the     /är/ part is also clear, easy to hear with an accent that relies on the /r/ sound. the alveolar lateral approximant /l/ leading into the neutral /ə/ is deceptively simple - the spelling of the name Carla, ending with an ‘a’, seems feminine, but the /ə/ sound is the most common vowel sound, ubiquitous and useful.

Thane: /θeɪn/ begins with the voiceless dental fricative - the tongue against the teeth, air passing in the small space between them. it’s a kind of soft hissing airy sound, gentle, before the vibrations of the vowel come in. the /eɪ/ sound is a diphthong that moves from mid-central to front placement, meaning it moves forward in the mouth. the last sound is a warm alveolar nasal /n/. this name starts soft and ends grounded in that /n/ sound.

Julian: /dʒuliɪn/ starts with the affricate /dʒ/, which usually sounds crisp but since this one leads into the close-back /u/ into a liquid /l/, the /dʒ/ is warm and not so sharp. the /iɪn/ part of the name has two close-front vowels, toward the front of the mouth, ending with nasal /n/, though not as dense and warm as /n/ usually is - more or a short tap of sound.

Thyria: /θiriə/ thiis name starts with the voiceless dental fricative /θ/, a quick cool light brush of air before the vowels. then, /iri/, two close-front vowels tied together by that tricky /r/ sound. the /r/ here is not clean-cut, but smooth, especially in the aftermath of that gentle /θ/ sound at the start of the name. this name is sort of ethereal, and ends nice and light with a neutral /ə/ sound. pleasant to the ears.

Lianei: (assuming this is pronounced LEE-uh-nay; if that’s not correct, hit me up!) /liəneɪ/ the /li/ at the beginning is a liquid sound and a close-front vowel, so the tongue at the top of the mouth, hitting that hard palate there? it flicks down for the mouth to open up and make that ‘ee’ sound. the mouth opens up more for the ‘uh’ /ə/ sound. next is the nasal /n/ that makes the following diphtong /eɪ/ warm and grounded rather than annoyingly bright. this name sounds pretty to me, pleasant with the /l/ and the ending /eɪ/ !

Ruby: /rubi/ short and sweet! the ‘r’ at the start of this name is actually /ɻ/, which is a retroflex approximant, a consonant sound that’s pretty far back in the mouth for English speakers. this leads to the /u/ sound, a close-bacl vowel that’s got a deep, dense sound thanks to being for far back in the mouth. the second syllable, /bi/, is at the fronnt of the mouth. since the /b/ sound is a bilabial plosive, the lips simply close to make that sound, and open back up for the close-front, bright lateral /i/ vowel. the /b/ sound is a little pop that adds life to the name! these are sweet sounds.

Miriam: /miriəm/ this name is warm, warm, warm! except for the /i/ sounds, it’s all warm. the bilabial nasal /m/ at the start and finish keeps the warmth even, the lips meeting at both ends of the name, grounding, soft. the /r/ sound makes the /i/ sounds glide and not too bright or sharp in contrast with the soft /m/. that /ə/, the last vowel sound, makes the end of the word sound like ‘um’, which is holding your mouth open neutrally and then closing it. this name has a wonderful texture.

Donna: /dɑnə/ starts with a voiced alveolar plosive /d/ that opens up to a back-open /ɑ/, which lets cool air into your mouth a little since it’s so open! then, a nasal /n/ sound humming into the neutral, calm /ə/ vowel, simple and neat. this name sounds good if you make your vowels tall, not too sunny and lateral and bright.

Yuki: /juki/ this name is so cute. that’s not an analysis. it’s just so fucking cute. ok. so. the /ju/ (sounds like ‘yoo’) is a smooth transition from a bright sound to a deep, close-back rounded vowel, homey and sweet. the /k/, a velar plosive, is a little pop of sound made by the middle of your tongue pressing up to the roof of your mouth and popping down for crisp little noise. finally, a bright /i/ sound, at the front of the mouth. this name has a youthful, small, simple sound.

Nick: /nɪk/ the little vowel in between the consonants pops out when the tounge comes down from the alveolar ridge at the top of the mouth. the nasal /n/ opens up to the close-front /ɪ/ sound, and is capped off with a crisp, clean /k/ that tags onto the next word in a sentence. short, clean, poppy!

Martin: /märʔn/ starts with a bilabial nasal /m/, warm, opens right up to the /är/, an easy sound to pick out. if pronouned slowly and meticulously, it would end with /tɪn/, which is short, simple, pure, light on the ears, easy to pronounce, the /n/ not as dense as usual. but the name ends with /ʔn/, a glottal stop and a nasal, which are in the throat and above the mouth, warm and dense and deep. 

Dante: /dɑnteɪ/ begins with a voiced alveolar plosive and opens up to an unrounded back open /ɑ/ vowel, humming into a nasal /n/ sound, grounded. the /teɪ/ is a sunny, bright syllable with the crisp plosive /t/ and the diphthong /eɪ/. this name’s sounds move from the back to the front, brightening up nicely!

Emma: /ɛmə/ the vowels of this name move from near the front, /ɛ/, to a more neutral mid sound /ə/. the bilabial nasal /m/ in between holds them together with a warm little pop of the lips. simple and sweet.

Anya: /änjə/ this name sounds very pleasing to me. the open central /ä/ leading into the warm /n/, the smooth light /jə/ (’yuh’ sound) is pleasantly simple - this name is like a breeze, it’s easy for an English speaker and also for speakers of other languages!

Ebony: /ɛbəni/ the bright, open-mid vowel /ɛ/is kept separate from the other syllables with the bilabial plosive /b/, a warm pop of sound. then, a neutral /ə/, warmed up by the nasal /n/, which is brightened by the close-front /i/ vowel, a happy note to end on. this name, with its bilabial plosive and nasal mixed with two bright sounds and a neutral middle, has a mature and rich sound.

Brenna: /brɛnə/ starting off with a voiced bilabial plosive /b/, the sound is carried over the transition of an /r/ into the front open-mid vowel /ɛ/. this hums into an alveolar nasal /n/, evened out calmly by a final /ə/. this name feels kind of earthy, grounded, with an open ending.

@rikersgirl22 @aryn-the-wolfheart @duskexx @spinosaurusregina 

#answered #linguistics #this took all day but i am happy with my work #look at all these words #holy heck

[paulbenedictblog]

%news%

New Post has been published on %http://paulbenedictsgeneralstore.com%

News Elise Stefanik emerges in impeachment hearings as key Trump defender — and GOP celebrity - The Washington Post

News

Early in Friday’s hearing with former ambassador to Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch, Stefanik sought to originate a level by speaking up all the way thru a interval of questioning reserved for Safe. Devin Nunes (R-Calif.) and his counsel beneath guidelines that passed the Home on a gain collectively-line vote final month.

“The gentlewoman will hunch,” Schiff acknowledged. “You are no longer known.”

“What's the interruption for this time?” she shot aid in an alternate calculated to underscore Republican objections to a course of controlled by Democrats. “That is the fifth time that you just would be in a position to also simply personal interrupted members of Congress, duly elected members of Congress.”

Her efficiency Friday caught Trump’s consideration: In remarks at the White Home earlier than the hearing ended, Trump lamented to reporters that “particular very talented participants weren’t even allowed to seek recordsdata from questions,” a reference to Stefanik — though she surely asked a giant fluctuate of questions later within the hearing. Trump also retweeted a video clip posted to Stefanik’s memoir displaying the alternate with Schiff.

In a rapid interview after the hearing, Stefanik acknowledged she noticed no dissonance between her centrist policy views and her prominent role attacking Democrats and defending Trump within the impeachment hearings.

“That is a matter of constitutional importance, and I’m asking substantive, fact-essentially based fully mostly questions to the witnesses,” she acknowledged. “I surely personal one in every of the top 10 p.c most bipartisan records on this Home and one in every of basically the most neutral records. Nonetheless in the case of constitutional issues, we must level of curiosity on the info. We must no longer let this be a partisan assault the system Adam Schiff is conducting himself.”

Some Democrats gaze something else at work in Stefanik’s newly prominent role on the Intelligence Committee — stage management by a largely male corps of Republican lawmakers. Stefanik is mainly the most productive GOP lady on the panel and, at 35, the youngest of the 13 Republican females within the Home.

“I specialize in all the pieces they did these days turned into once strategy,” acknowledged Safe. Val Demings (Fla.), one in every of three Democratic females on the committee. “She’s one in every of the more fresh members on the committee, and he or she’s a lady. . . . When they're badgering a feminine peek who is a career In a foreign country Service officer with an impeccable document, and they're attempting to badger her, I specialize in it’s a larger behold when a lady is taking the lead on that.”

Stefanik has no longer shied a ways off from her gain collectively’s fraught document on gender, delivering stern warnings to the males working her gain collectively that the GOP wants to enact a larger job recruiting feminine candidates and appealing to feminine voters. To that terminate, she has raised more than $340,000 this 365 days for her political action committee devoted to electing females — an effort that has the backing of Home Minority Chief Kevin McCarthy (Calif.) and other high gain collectively officers.

She bristled at the suggestion that her role on this week’s hearings had something else to enact with gender: “They’re striking me forward because I seek recordsdata from basically the most productive questions,” Stefanik acknowledged, calling any suggestion in any other case “crude.”

Internal a closed Oct. 29 deposition, Stefanik sparred with the lawyer of Lt. Col. Alexander Vindman, the National Safety Council director overseeing Ukraine, over what she later known as a “sexist bid.”

“I don’t know who you is also, whenever you happen to may presumably title your self for the document,” acknowledged the lawyer, Michael Volkov, when Stefanik asked a seek recordsdata from.

“I’m on the Home Intelligence Committee,” she replied, adding, “I gain asked this quite a bit.”

“Oh, that’s appropriate,” Volkov acknowledged.

Stefanik shot aid, “No, it’s no longer appropriate. Nonetheless I will continue my line of questioning.”

Primarily essentially based fully on transcripts released by the Intelligence Committee, Stefanik attended no longer lower than section of seven of the 11 depositions for which the panel has issued transcripts. Stefanik asked questions in two of those seven depositions.

That's an above-common attendance price among the members of the three committees authorized to seize half, nonetheless Stefanik is no longer among the handful of Republicans who personal attended every session and asked frequent questions.

Early in Wednesday’s hearing with two Speak Department officers, Stefanik interrupted Schiff to seek recordsdata from whether Democrats could be “prohibiting witnesses from answering members’ questions as that you just would be in a position to also simply personal within the closed-door depositions.”

Schiff shot aid, “As the gentlewoman must know, if she turned into once demonstrate for the depositions — ”

“Which I turned into once,” she interjected.

“For a few of them,” Schiff acknowledged.

Stefanik has in any other case historical her time in both public hearings to ship key GOP messages: that Trump’s policy of delivering aid for lethal weapons turned into once better for Ukraine than former president Barack Obama’s; that Trump turned into once justified in searching for investigations of Ukrainian corruption; and that Ukraine indirectly received militia aid.

“For the millions of People viewing these days, the two most significant info are the next: Main, Ukraine received the aid. Number two, there turned into once, really, no investigation into Biden,” she acknowledged Wednesday.

Stefanik represents New York’s North Country, stretching from the outskirts of Saratoga Springs across the Adirondack Mountains to the Canadian border — territory that has lengthy been regarded as politically sensible nonetheless took a animated flip to the very best in 2016, vote casting for Trump by 14 aspects.

Stefanik’s personal 14-level victory over Democrat Tedra Cobb final 365 days turned into once her closest bustle since winning election to a vacant seat in 2014. Cobb is all over again working to united states of americaa. Stefanik and has seized on the impeachment court cases to color her as a partisan.

“In preference to upholding her constitutional responsibility, Elise Stefanik continues to seize the advancement of her political career at the expense of our national security,” Cobb tweeted Wednesday.

On Friday, Cobb rapid Stefanik’s excessive-profile role had been a boon for her campaign fundraising: “I'm overwhelmed by the crimson meat up we’re seeing these days.” And in a tweet Saturday, the Cobb campaign acknowledged it had raised more than $300,000 since Stefanik’s “political theater on national television.”

Amongst the contributors to the Democrat turned into once George Conway, husband of White Home senior adviser Kellyanne Conway and a fierce Trump critic, who contributed basically the most of $2,800 and urged others to enact the the same.

“Even as you watched really in politics and within the rule of thumb of law, you should present what that you just would be in a position to also as well,” Conway acknowledged on Twitter.

As she turned into once emerging as a GOP star of Friday’s impeachment hearing, Stefanik turned into once also burnishing her bipartisan bona fides. Vote casting all the way thru a recess within the hearing, Stefanik turned into once one in every of most productive 13 Republicans who joined with 222 Democrats to reauthorize the U.S. Export-Import Monetary institution — a lengthy-standing scheme of Home conservatives.

She also remains a approved daughter of the GOP’s establishment flit, a gaggle that has lengthy managed to swallow its discomfort with Trump. Stefanik turned into once named this month to Time journal’s list of the 100 most influential up-and-coming international leaders. In a rapid essay for the list, former Home speaker Paul D. Ryan (R-Wis.) known as Stefanik “the system forward for hopeful, aspirational politics in The US.”

“Elise Stefanik is a builder — no straightforward feat in an age when so mighty of politics is set tearing participants down,” Ryan wrote.

Restful, on social media this week, Stefanik has become a partisan flash level, with GOP voices decrying Schiff’s choice to silence her questioning — never mind that Stefanik later received time for questions that she did no longer fully spend.

One tweet, from the Day-to-day Caller, compared the efficiency to Senate Majority Chief Mitch McConnell’s 2017 transfer to silence Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) — an alternate that went viral among Democrats.

“She turned into once warned. She turned into once given an explanation. However, she persisted,” the conservative recordsdata outlet tweeted, the spend of McConnell’s phrases, with a photograph of Stefanik.

Within the intervening time, other voices personal treated her as an ideological turncoat. Nicolle Wallace, an MSNBC host who served as a senior communications aide to President George W. Bush and for Sen. John McCain’s 2008 presidential campaign, rapid in a tweet that Stefanik turned into once drinking “loony tune juice alongside with her breakfast” with former South Carolina governor Nikki Haley, “going from infrequently sensible republicans to Trump shills.”

One other former Bush aide, Matthew Dowd, known as Stefanik “a super example of why appropriate electing somebody because they're a lady or a millennial doesn’t necessarily gain you the leaders we need.” Dowd later deleted the tweet and apologized to Stefanik.

“That is one in every of the reasons younger females don’t speed for dwelling of enterprise,” she acknowledged in response, accepting the apology.

[hebrewing]

Hebrew Basics #2: Pronouns, Sentence Structure

Hi Again!

Now that you’ve hopefully started to get Hebrew writing, it’s time to start with the language itself, beginning with the very base of the language - basic language structure.

First and foremost, here is a table of personal pronouns, since they’re pretty necessary for this lesson, and don’t require too much explaining behind them:

An easy way to remember them is:

1st person pronouns always start with אֲנ an-.

2nd person pronouns also always start with א alef, but always have a ת tav in them.

3rd person pronouns always start with ה he, and are monosyllabic.

Male plural pronouns always end in a מ mem, while female plural pronouns always end in a נ nun.

אֲנוּ ánu is pretty much only used in formal settings, speeches, documents etc., not even in Biblical texts (it rose later in history).

אָנֹכִי anokhí is archaic these days, used primarily in Biblical texts and in some set phrases (e.g. אֲנִי וָאָנֹכִי aní va’anokhí ‘me, myself and I’), as well as serving as an adjective meaning ‘selfish.’

Moreover, some speakers merge the 2nd and 3rd person masculine and feminine plural pronouns, using only the masculine form. I don’t like prescribing you a correct and an incorrect way to say something - but I’ll let myself do so here. This is a language changing as we speak, and as of now this in-distinction is still pretty much universally viewed as incorrect. You can, and probably will, see it online or in speech, but most speakers (at least those I speak to) still make the distinction, especially with verb conjugations (as explained further in the lesson), and some will correct you if you don’t make it yourself.

What you might have noticed as well is the lack of a neutral pronoun. Hebrew nouns are all either male or female, and to refer to an inanimate noun you would simply refer to it by its appropriate pronoun. שֻׁלְחַן shulchán (table) is of masculine gender, so one will refer to it as הוּא hu (he); קַעֲרָה ka’ará (bowl) is of feminine gender, so one will refer to it as הִיא hi (she).

Side note: as there are no gender neutral 2nd and 3rd person pronouns, this creates some problems in feminist and LGBT circles. It’s simply impossible to refer to a group of people by a gender-inclusive pronoun, neither is it possible to refer to someone without explicitly saying what binary gender your referring to them with.

Before I explain sentence types I need to set out word order. Since verbs are conjugated to encode tense, number, gender and person (1st, 2nd and 3rd persons) of the subject, Hebrew generally has pretty free word order. This is because it is usually clear who the subject is through conjugation and context. Another consequence of this is frequent dropping of subject pronouns, since it is already specified through the verb.

However, most sentences still fall under SVO word order - where the subject comes first in a sentence, then the verb, then any objects the subject acts upon. For example:

1. אָכַלְתִּי תַּפּוּחַ. akhálti tapúach. - I ate an apple. (literally: I-ate[S+V] apple[O].) 2. יוֹנָתָן לִטֵּף אֵת הַכֶּלֶב. Yonatán litéf et hakélev. - Yonatan pet the dog. (literally: Yonatan[S] pet[V] direct object preposition the dog[O].) 3. הַסַּפְרָן יִתֵּן לִי אֵת הַסֵּפֶר. hasafrán yitén li et haséfer. - The librarian (m) will give me the book. (literally: the-librarian[S] will-give[V] to-me[O] direct object preposition the-book[O].)

(Note: even if it doesn’t look like it, the period / full stop comes after the text - to the left. So do exclamation and question marks. Typing right-to-left text embedded in a left-to-right language is very annoying, so you should get used to punctuation, vowel points and generally everything to not fall where you actually put your cursor. It’s terrible. Also, vowel points don’t get bolded with the rest of the text?? w h y)

Occasionally, in more higher speech as well as in Biblical texts, Hebrew also shows VSO word order. Hence, all of these sentences could alternatively be said like so:

1. אָכַלְתִּי תַּפּוּחַ. akhálti tapúach. - I ate an apple. (literally: I-ate[S+V] apple[O].) 2. לִטֵּף יוֹנָתָן אֵת הַכֶּלֶב. litéf Yonatán et hakélev. - Yonatan pet the dog. (literally: pet[V] Yonatan[S] direct object preposition the-dog[O].) 3. יִתֵּן הַסַּפְרָן לִי אֵת הַסֵּפֶר. yitén hasafrán li et haséfer. - The librarian (m) will give me the book. (literally: will-give[V] the-librarian[S] to-me[O] direct object preposition the-book[O].)

In 1, the verb and the subject are conjoined, therefore flipping their order doesn’t make any sense and the sentence stays the same.

That being said, these days SVO word order is a lot more common that VSO, especially in speech, so don’t worry too much about it, just know it’s used. Personally, I tend to used VSO in some cases for school essays, but that’s about it - and even this is mostly my personal tendency. Again, don’t think about it too much.

Sentence Structure - Syntax!

Hebrew sentences are generally separated into two categories: verbal sentences and nominal sentences. A verbal sentence, מִשְׁפָּט פָּעֳלִי mishpát po’olí (more commonly pronounced po’alí), is a sentence that contains a subject (some type of noun or verb phrase) and an action verb, also called the predicate. This, you might recognize, is the basic sentence structure of English as well. In fact, the vast majority of languages only possess this type of sentence. Nominal sentences are where stuff gets interesting.

A nominal sentence, מִשְׁפָּט שְׁמָנִי mishpát shemaní, as you might have guessed, is a sentence where instead of a nominal subject and an action verb - there’s just another noun (or adjective) acting as the predicate. These are characteristic to Semitic languages and Russian (I’m not sure about other Slavic languages), among others. For example:

1. הַדֹּב הַזֶּה מְאֹד יָפֶה. hadóv haze me’ód yafé. - This bear is very pretty. (literally: bear this very pretty.) 2. אֲנִי רְעֵבָה. aní re’evá. - I am hungry. (literally: I hungry (female)) 3. הוּא כֶּלֶב. hu kélev. - He is a dog. (literally: he dog).

To negate the sentence, simply put לֹא

As you might have noticed, the key characteristic is where English would put the verb to be, Hebrew just doesn’t put anything, because there is no equivalent in Hebrew. The languages simply lacks a copula (the linguistic term for verbs like to be, whose purpose is linking the subject to a non-verb predicate).

Well… not quite.

You see, without a copula, there would be no way of indicating different tenses. When the sentence is word-for-word ‘I hungry’ or ‘he dog,’ where do you mark the tense? For this there’s a nice and clever solution - copulae! Yep, Hebrew didn’t wanna feel left out of the copula club so it made itself copulae of its own.

There are many types of copulae, to mark different types of relations, but for now I’ll introduce you to most common and most simple one. To mark present tense sentences use the 3rd person pronouns הוּא, הִיא, הֵם, הֵן, and for past and future tenses it uses conjugations of the verb הָיָה hayá*, ‘to be,’ as following:

*I refer to all verbs in this series with their 3rd person, masculine past tense form. This is because verb infinitives in Hebrew, as you will learn, are not a great way to represent the verb, and the 3rd person masc. form of a verb is considered the most basic form of the verb in all different conjugations.

If this seems like a lot to take in - it’s because it is. Hebrew verb conjugation is pretty complicated, and it doesn’t help that הָיָה hayá is quite an irregular verb. I don’t recommend you try and understand it fully, as I’ll be teaching everything you need to know about Hebrew verb conjugation pretty soon. For now, just take it at face value.

Notes:

If you have keen eyes, you might notice the /i/ after the /h/ in the transliteration of all future tense conjugations, that shouldn’t be there according to the vowel points. If not, notice it now. This is because it’s difficult to pronounce a /h/ without any consonant afterwards, so a dummy vowel was inserted after it. This is a common phenomenon in Hebrew with some consonants, but I won’t explain it now, as it’s quite complicated. (the different vowel points in the 1st person is just that I found two different vowel markings that seem to have no real difference between them)

For the present tense 1st and 2nd persons no copula is used. My guess is that this is because the subject can only ever be ‘I’ or ‘you’ when talking about 1st and 2nd person subjects, so repeating the same pronoun twice is useless. This is the case for 3rd person subjects as well: if the subject itself is ‘he,’ ‘she’ or ‘they,’ you don’t repeat the same pronoun as a copula.

This is getting a bit into verb conjugations, but the 2nd person plural past tense forms (now try saying that three times in a row) have two pronunciations: the top is the ‘correct’ one used formally, and the bottom is the one you’d actually hear pretty much everywhere, as it fits the conjugation pattern more regularly.

The 2nd and 3rd person feminine plural future tense conjugation, as marked on the table, is very rare nowadays, and shifting towards merging with the equivalent masculine conjugation. In fact, even the 2nd person plural past tense conjugations (marked with the 3), are starting to lose their distinction between masculine and feminine, just like the pronounced mentioned in the beginning of this lesson, but this is still widely considered a grammatical mistake and I do advise that you keep the distinction - people will just correct you otherwise.

The examples above in different tenses would be:

Past: 1. הַדֹּב הַזֶּה הָיָה מְאֹד יָפֶה. hadóv haze hayá me’ód yafé. - This bear was very pretty. (literally: bear this was very pretty.) 2. אֲנִי הָיִיתִי רְעֵבָה. aní hayíti re’evá. - I was hungry. (literally: I was hungry [female]) 3. הוּא הָיָה כֶּלֶב. hú hayá kélev. - He was a dog. (literally: he was dog).

Future: 1. הַדֹּב הַזֶּה יִהְיֶה מְאֹד יָפֶה. hadóv haze yihiyé me’ód yafé. - This bear will be very pretty. (literally: bear this will-be very pretty.) 2. אֲנִי אֶהֱיֶה רְעֵבָה. aní eheyé re’evá. - I will be hungry. (literally: I will-be hungry (female)) 3. הוּא יִהְיֶה כֶּלֶב. hú yihiyé kélev. - He will be a dog. (literally: he will-be dog).

Exercise

For the next 10 sentences, I’ll leave out the copula, and you should fill it in according to the tense and gender given in the brackets… if you even need the copula!!! muahahahaha

Don’t worry, they’re as simple as it gets.

1. הַכּוֹס ___ יְרֻקָּה. hakós ___ yeruqá. (fem. sing. past) 2. בְּנִי ___ חָכָם. bní ___ chakhám. (masc. sing. future) 3. מָסָךְ הַטֶּלֶוִיזְיָה שֶׁלִּי ___ לָבָן. masákh hatelevízya sheli ___ laván. (masc. sing. past) 4. הַלֵּב ___ הָאֵיבַר הֲכִי חָשׁוּב בַּגּוּף. halév ___ ha’evár hakhí chashúv bagúf. (masc. sing. present) 5. כְּרוּבִית ___ יֶרֶק. kruvít ___ yérek. (fem., sing., present) 6. מֶזֶג הָאֲוִיר מָחָר ___ קַר. mézeg ha’avír machar ___ kár. (masc. sing. future) 7. הֵן ___ בָּנוֹת נִפְלָאוֹת. hen __ banót nifla’ót. (fem. pl. present) 8. הַשֻּׁלְחַנוֹת שֶׁלָּהֶן ___ חֻמִּים. hashulchanót shelahen ___ chumím.(masc. pl. future) 9. הַהֲלִיכוֹן ___ מָהִיר מִדַּי. hahalichón ___ mahír miday. (masc. sing. past) 10. מִשְׁקָפַי ___ חֲזָקִים. mishkafái ___ chazaqím. (masc. pl. present)

Answer Key

1. הָיְתָה haytá (The cup was green.) 2. יִהְיֶה yihiyé (My son will be smart.) 3. הָיָה hayá (My TV screen was white.) 4. [הוּא] / - ; hu / - (The heart is the most important organ in the body.) 5. [הִיא] / - ; hi / - (Cauliflower is a vegetable.) 6. יִהְיֶה yihiyé (The weather tomorrow will be cold.) 7. - (They are wonderful girls.) 8. יִהְיוּ yihiyú (Their (f) tables will be brown.) 9. הָיָה hayá (The treadmill was too fast.) 10. הֵם / [-] ; hem / - (My glasses are strong.)

In the present tense examples I marked the option more likely to be heard with square brackets. I’m not sure why it is for each example, but the other option just sounds less natural.

Aaaaand that’s it for today!

Next time… Verbs??? probably

See you next week :)

לְהִתְרָאוֹת!

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