“Cult” (n.) and “cultic” (adj.)
There is great confusion when describing certain groups and movements as "cultic." Since the most famous examples of cultic groups and movements in living memory include the Manson Family, People’s Temple, the Branch Davidians and Heaven’s Gate, the popular conception of a cult has become a centralized group with one leader with a type-A personality. This is not how most cultic groups take shape.
"Cultic" and "centralized" are not synonyms. They are entirely different concepts, and whether one group or movement is one has no bearing whatsoever on whether it is the other.
The United Pentecostal Church International and Pentecostal Assemblies of the World are both cults. They are part of the Oneness Pentecostal movement*. Note, the UPCI and PAW are not in fellowship with each other and have no official relations. This is because this movement is decentralized, encompassing various different groups that are united in few if any ways besides (some) similar teachings. Whatever leadership and governance model they have, shared or contrasting, is secondary, because Oneness Pentecostalism as a set of doctrines is itself cultic, meaning any group that espouses it is a cult by definition.
Christian Identity is a more pronounced example of a cultic movement that is decentralized. It is a white supremacist group that teaches that white people are the descendants of the ancient Israelites, and that "gentiles" (people who aren't white) can never be saved. Its footprint is almost entirely made of websites, prison gangs, and local congregations, which are not in fellowship with each other or with any larger group. I would hope any decent person would be opposed to this movement and its teachings, but an attempt to treat "cultic" and "centralized" as synonyms might keep one from recognizing CI as something that should be avoided.
Other decentralized movements that are cultic include the Word of Faith movement, the Men's Right Movement, dispensationalism, neurodiversity, the Sovereign Citizens movement, BDSM, the New IFB, kinism, and the Black Hebrew Israelites. Every group that is part of these is a cult, thought they may not be in fellowship with other groups within the same movement.
*The Oneness Pentecostal movement is not representative of Pentecostalism as a whole. Most of the world's Pentecostals belong to the Assemblies of God which has taught the Trinity for its entire existence. Pentecostalism is not necessarily cultic. Oneness Pentecostalism is.
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“Waco” David Palumbo 2018
Illustration for the April issue of Texas Monthly.
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Gates of the Branch Davidian Compound, Waco, Texas
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Because no story set in Texas is complete without a minimum of two good old-fashioned Texan shoot-outs, a gunfight ensued.
"Zealot: A Book About Cults" - Jo Thornely
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Five most evil brainwashing cults
Five evil brainwashing cults are examined by TV historian Tony McMahon including the Branch Davidians and Heaven's Gate
The 1970s 1980s, and 1990s saw some terrifying brainwashing cults emerge resulting in mass murder and suicide. In November 1978, the bodies of over 900 men, women, and children were found at a remote site in Guyana. The Jonestown mass suicide was on a scale not seen since a similar number of Jewish zealots took their own lives at the fortress of Masada, rather than be captured by the Romans in 73…
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On this day in history, at Mount Carmel in Waco, Texas, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) unleashed a tear-gas assault on founder and leader David Koresh and the Branch Davidian compound, ending a stressful 51-day stalemate between the federal government and an armed religious cult. 80 people died. April 19, 1993
Image: FBI photo of the Mount Carmel Center engulfed in flames on April 19, 1993
On this day in history, April 19, 1993, at Mount Carmel in Waco, Texas, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) unleashed a tear-gas assault on founder and leader David Koresh and the Branch Davidian compound, ending a stressful 51-day stalemate between the federal government and an armed religious cult. By the…
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