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toflyandfall · 4 years

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I just saw a photo of "What persona. Dick Grayson isn't a mask. Not like Bruce Wayne is" from Detective Comics #725 and I find it interesting that Dick and the rest of the bats, with the exception of Bruce, don't wear "masks" per se. They are who they are with or without the domino mask/helmet. The only time I can really think of Dick faking things is when he pretended to be an incompetent BPD cop. How was he able to avoid creating and living, half the time, through a "persona" like "Brucie"?

Oooh, this is a lovely, meaty question. There’s a lot more analysis of Bruce than I planned because let’s be real, it’s kinda weirder for a guy to run around with half a dozen personas than for someone else to run around as himself. I hope you still find it interesting, but if you want to skip straight to the more Dick-centric stuff, head under the readmore.

A simple but significant factor is that Dick thrives on the company of people in a way that Bruce does not. I suspect if you talk honestly to many introverts, you will find they too have an extroverted ‘mask’ they put on to the larger world, though probably not quite so extreme.

Another factor is that the civilian social circles Dick and Bruce travel in are vastly different. Though they each have a reason for being in those circles, that difference itself enables Dick to escape much of the scrutiny that Bruce’s public identity undergoes, because he doesn’t frequently associate with the much more media-hounded elite.

An interesting thing here is that the large difference in social circles between their civilian lives is actually caused by their own personal similarities: they are 100% committed work-a-holics. It’s just that they have differing civilian approaches to their goals.

I want to start with Bruce because as you point out, his use of persona is distinct among the bats and his reasons for using them in part explain why Dick and the other bats do not.

Bruce is a child of privilege, he has always lived a lifestyle of privilege, regardless of the tragedies that have occurred during it, and his default view of the world, through no fault of his own, is natively that of the extreme upper class. This drastically influences his perspective and approach to change, and changing the world is his perpetual goal, the reason he put on the suit in the first place.

Bruce works a top-down society approach toward systemic change, and he works it all the time. This is actually my favorite but woefully under-emphasized part of him: he is not just someone who punches people on the street ‘for justice’, he uses his company, his money, and his social position toward substantial systemic change. This post does a wonderful job covering the ways he does this through his corporations and personal wealth, as does this one. I cannot recommend either enough because I constantly want to push even the most casual Batman fans to understand: Bruce Wayne is not just a violent punchy puncher man. He is a traumatized person genuinely trying to use all his resources including himself to make the world safer.

Detective Comics #725

Bruce has many personas he maintains, and he uses all of them according to what suits his need--Batman for places the law can’t go, Bruce Wayne the CEO pushing for systemic changes, Matches Malone for street information, and Brucie the society high roller for society information and social influencing. He is rarely ever not in a persona and simply ‘Bruce’.

His top-down perspective of enacting change are what dictated the usage and necessity of these personas. He has the means and capacity to basically disappear from society if he so chose--he in fact does so to train during his younger years so successfully they don’t even know how long he was actually gone.

The Batman Files

So he doesn’t need the personas. Not Bruce Wayne, CEO, or Brucie, or any of them really, to protect his identity. That tells us that Brucie is a deliberate choice he made at some point. He could have been a recluse billionaire Batman indefinitely. Even though he fully has the status and means to not maintain a job or a persona or, let’s be frank, a life outside the mask at all, it’s his own work-a-holicness that led to the creation of his public personas. He’s an obsessive strategist, so if Brucie is a choice, that leads us to why?

Bruce does many philanthropic things with his money, but he isn’t the only rich person around, especially not in a city as old and corrupt as Gotham. But he’s one of the very few ones doing good with it.

The comic you mentioned has a very beautiful moment where Bruce touches on that, and in full context you can feel how consumed he is by this goal of creating the Gotham his parents would have wanted. Batman mentions he never sees himself in that place, and the morbid interpretation is that the city kills him before he reaches it, but the hopeful interpretation is that in that shining city, Bruce Wayne and Batman and Brucie and all his masks will no longer be needed.

Detective Comics #725

Back in the old days they’d call it noblesse oblige: the inferred responsibility of privileged people to act with generosity and nobility toward those less privileged. Thomas and Martha Wayne ingrained this feeling of responsibility into Bruce by example, and as all things related to them, he obsesses over it. It urges him to fulfill expectations within segments of society he finds onorous for the betterment of society as a whole in order to carry out their unfinished works.

Enter Brucie.

Brucie serves a two-fold purpose. Since Bruce has chosen to maintain personas among society, it becomes a false face to justify any oddities Batman might bring into the life of Bruce Wayne by setting himself up as a eccentric, popular social scion. But that persona itself also allows him to manipulate the upper crust of society.

I have some insider perspective on the kind of society events Brucie attends. They’re all about the who’s who of making connections, name-dropping and networking, and unspoken class-based elitism. Charity events among the upper class have these things at the forefront and the cause is the background. You don’t get your hands dirty, you don’t go out and make change yourself, you pay money to be socially seen and sometimes it happens to go towards a philanthropic cause. If you want to raise money from the rich and keep people with deep pockets coming in the door, you have to have social currency yourself. This is where, and why, Brucie comes in. I believe Brucie ws crafted to maintain Batman’s cover but still attempt to carry on his parents’ legacy to grease the wheels of the rich in the directions he chooses: one of generosity towards those less privileged.

Superman/Batman #51

The inevitable flaw of Bruce’s approach to his personas and their philanthropy is that in a city rife with corruption, money distributed from the top has many opportunities to disappear well before it reaches the bottom. As in many of ways they are complements to each other, Dick’s approach balances that out, because his approach to helping his fellow man starts out at the street level...literally.

Nightwing #153 (Nightwing: The Great Leap)

Dick, we know, does not come from privilege. His mother was from a middle class family before she joined the circus, and despite being world famous athletes, most circus workers are lower to middle class. The people he grew up with, was comfortable with, were all working folk who expected everyone to pull their weight right alongside each other. He enacts this everyone-together approach in almost all aspects and phases of his life.

Batman #615

Even once he had settled into being Robin and adapted to living at the manor, he didn’t feel belonging to a culture of privilege, materialism, or high society. He preferred shotgun in the limo to chat with the driver to riding fancy in the back. Once he was able to start making his own decisions about where and how he lived, despite having both Bruce’s money and then later inheriting a substantial amount of his own, he chose mostly lower-class communal places.

Batman Black and White #6

Dick also doesn’t see the value of throwing money at a problem when there is an option to fix it with his own hands. We see this frequently, from building his own car instead of buying a finished one or outsourcing the work, to deciding the best way to clean out the BPD was to start at the bottom and work his way up (literally), to quitting college because his classes never got prioritized over crimesolving. Most of his day jobs ended for similar reasons.

Nightwing #153 (Nightwing: The Great Leap)

Despite the showmanship training, he gravitates away from spotlight on the rich and wealthy, who are notoriously the kind of people who do not get their hands dirty or go out and take care of things themselves, and prefers to find or build communities around the kind of people who do.

Finally, Dick is an extrovert. He doesn’t need to act extroverted as Brucie does because he is extroverted. He likes people and likes being around people. Whether by conscious choice or not, he tends to put himself in situations where he is surrounded by people in nearly all aspects of his life. He chooses apartment buildings whose occupants frequently pass each other on the stairs; jobs that involve interacting with many co-workers, patrons, or students; and collects superhero teammates like Boy Scout badges. And all of these behaviors come very naturally to him.

He doesn’t need a mask or a role or a persona for those kind of interactions; his mask is pre-supplied as “neighbor” or “co-worker” or “teacher” by the situations he puts himself in. It helps make him an exemplary leader, because just by acting authentically to himself, he automatically builds up little communities around him any time he arrives somewhere.

Bruce, on the other hand, is an introvert. For him, interacting with people isn’t easy, automatic, or comfortable unless it has a purpose, but as a strategist, he knows the necessity of human interaction as a catalyst to achieving dynamic change. So he adapts personas to suit people’s expectations. Extroverts have more social currency; the life of the party can generate more resources than a brooding wallflower.

So, it boils down to just a few elements: Dick believes in living and interacting at the street level to accomplish the things that he wants to, and he is extroverted enough that the level of social interaction that entails is not a burden to him. He surrounds himself with the types of people he is more familiar or perhaps more comfortable with, which happens to keep him further out from the media’s eye than associating with the upper crust does. The lower profile is more incidental than intentional, but it lessens his need to have a cover story for every single bruise and lets him get away with even less of a ‘persona’.

Bruce, on the other hand, is introverted and follows a more classist view that systemic change needs to be effected from the top down. His personas are more of a self-assumed duty than a necessity, as a way of trying to carry out his parents’ legacy. Any of his children could have chosen to follow his path in business or the high society limelight, but the sense of obligation toward it is something personal to him that most of them don’t share.

#bruce wayne #batman #dick grayson #nightwing #character analysis #dc #comics #meta #o.c.#bruce wayne analysis #bruce + dick #asks #anonymous #cover stories

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antoine-roquentin · 4 years

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Since World War II, every two-term Republican president has been more right wing than the one before. Dwight Eisenhower was first. Then Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, and Donald Trump. In between these five Republican presidents, there were four sets of Democratic administrations: Kennedy/Johnson, Carter, Clinton, and Obama.

Each of these Democratic administrations made key concessions to the right, and these concessions produced resentment and frustration. Kennedy/Johnson went to war in Vietnam to prove that they were just as tough and anti-communist as the Republicans. Carter appointed Paul Volcker Chairman of the Federal Reserve, and began pursuing a ruthless anti-inflation policy that drove up unemployment and laid the foundation for the neoliberal era. Clinton sliced the federal budget and attacked the welfare system. Obama signed the Budget Control Act of 2011, starving the recovery of necessary stimulus and allowing extraordinarily unequal growth.

Carter, Clinton, and Obama all oversaw increases in inequality. The top 1%’s share of income increased under all three:

Democrats promise to help us and then let the oligarchs get their way. The frustrated American has nowhere to turn but the Republican Party, and Republicans attract them by becoming steadily more nationalist and more committed to liquidating the establishment and its institutions. Ordinary rank and file Republicans hate government because they think it’s too corrupt to do any good for them. Every chance the Democrats get to prove them wrong, they fail. Worse, they reinforce the view.

When Americans vote for Republicans, they’re often voting against the consequences of the right wing policies of Democrats. Think about it:

Nixon won in part because Americans didn’t trust the Democrats to end Vietnam, a war the Democrats started because they were afraid of looking soft on communism. Of course, Nixon then escalated the Vietnam War.

Reagan won in part because Americans believed that Carter’s economic policies–the right-wing policies of Paul Volcker’s Federal Reserve–hadn’t made them better off than they were four years ago. Of course, Reagan then escalated Volcker’s war on inflation.

Bush won in part because he promised to return the surplus Clinton had accumulated through miserly right-wing budgeting to the American people via tax cuts. Bush then gave that money to rich people and spent trillions on insane vanity wars.

Trump won in part because he promised that the people who were left out of Obama’s recovery–the “forgotten people”–would be his priority. Of course, he has continued to give piles of money to rich people and to prioritise inflating the stock market over ensuring ordinary Americans can pay their bills.

It wasn’t always like this. Franklin Roosevelt forced the Republican Party to adapt to him. Before Roosevelt, the Republicans were the party of Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover. They had little regard for the government’s ability to step in and protect its citizens’ fundamental economic rights. But after Roosevelt, the Republicans became the party of Eisenhower. They became a party that was comfortable building interstate highways with public money and wouldn’t dare raise a hand to Social Security.

McCarthyism broke the domination of Roosevelt’s New Deal coalition, and with it, the ability of the Democratic Party to set the agenda. From that point forward, the Democrats have adjusted to the Republican Party, and in the process they have normalized its excesses and encouraged it to go further. Nixon was comfortable secretly bombing Cambodia because Kennedy and Johnson lied about their wars. Reagan was comfortable driving unemployment through the roof in the early 80s because Carter had already begun the experiment. Bush was comfortable cutting taxes for the rich because Clinton had given him the surplus he could use to fund it. Trump has been able to prioritise the stock market portfolios of the rich because under Obama a skewed recovery had become our new normal.

Joe Biden loves to tell us that “nothing will fundamentally change”. If nothing changes, another Democrat will normalise what Trump has done and frustrate the American people into voting for someone even more right-wing.

Look at what’s happened with Bush. He’s more popular than ever before. In the 00s, we recognised that Bush was nuts. Bush believed the God wanted him to bring peace to the Middle East by spreading democracy by the sword. That’s crazy! He killed hundreds of thousands of people and accomplished absolutely nothing.

But Barack Obama destroyed Libya in 2011. The civil war in that country continues to this day. And many of the people who recognised that Bush was nuts made excuses for that, and they made excuses for Hillary Clinton, the Secretary of State who urged him to do it. They acted like it was no big deal. And now people don’t think Bush’s wars were a big deal, either. They miss him. When Obama was first elected, the American people knew Bush was a terrible president. In January of 2009, Bush had a net favorability rating of negative 19. In the summer of 2016, it was plus 9. A year after that, it was plus 22.

The experience of the Obama administration made the American people decide that George W. Bush was okay. Worse, it made Trump possible. Some Americans moved from Obama to Trump, looking once more for hope and change. Many others stopped voting, because Obama broke their confidence in our political system’s ability to help them. They believed in Obama, and Obama let the rich get richer and let the forgotten stay forgotten.

The Democrats are a big part of how we got to where we are. And if we think that the Republicans are authoritarian nationalists, it is the Democrats who have encouraged them to become that way. The ordinary American cannot look to the Democrats to resist the ravenous elite. They look to the nationalist firebrands of the right because there is nothing else on the menu. The Democratic Party is the party of the Ivy League technocrats who scorn them and tell them to “learn to code”.

Joe Biden solidifies all of this all over again. He is the embodiment of keeping things exactly the way they’ve always been. The American people have been bludgeoned for forty years by oligarchs. They can’t take it anymore. They’ll vote for anyone who promises to make it stop. If the Democrats won’t stop it, they’ll vote for someone who will. The next Republican will be worse than Trump, and Joe Biden will make it happen if given the chance.

Donald Trump Doesn’t Pose an Existential Threat to Democracy

The Democrats say we have to stop Trump because Trump is an authoritarian who poses an existential threat to democracy. But for Trump to be a dictator, he would have to stage sham elections or ignore the results of elections that are free and fair. Trump hasn’t tried to hold a sham election–he’s tried to delay one that’s free and fair, because he knows that if he loses he won’t be able to ignore the result. He hasn’t even managed to secure his delay, much less anything more than that.

Authoritarians use crises to seize power. In Hungary, Viktor Orbán used coronavirus to consolidate power around himself. But Trump responded to coronavirus by running away from decision-making responsibility. Instead, he kicked decisions to governors and mayors. Coronavirus gave Trump an opportunity to centralise power around himself, but he chose to decentralise power instead. He likes the trappings of power, but is afraid of the real deal.

Trump talks a big game about cutting trade links with countries all over the world. But his trade wars usually bring us back where we started, with trade deals that are almost indistinguishable from those that came before. His new version of NAFTA is virtually identical to the old version of NAFTA. He has tried to push jobs and investment out of China, but they’ve been sliding down the coast to Vietnam instead of returning to America. His bark is worse than his bite.

Ultimately, an authoritarian needs the backing of the military. The military has to allow the authoritarian to hold sham elections, or to ignore the results of elections that are free and fair. But America’s leading generals largely despise the president. Our intelligence services loathe him. The military remains committed to the constitution and will arrest Trump if he loses and attempts to carry on. Trump knows this, and that’s why he suggested delaying the election–he knows he could lose, and he knows that if he loses he won’t be able to keep going.

Trump has treated protesters terribly–but he’s not the first American president to do so. The Hoover administration used tanks to bulldoze the bonus army’s camp in 1932, killing two demonstrators and injuring dozens. It was a brutal and shameful act, but it wasn’t the end of American democracy:

The Democrats said Bush had an “imperial presidency“. Then Barack Obama tried to outflank congress with a series of outrageous, unconstitutional executive orders, and many of the same people cheered him on. Now when Donald Trump throws out piles of orders that are probably unconstitutional, the Democrats try to get us outraged again. But the American people are used to the president trying to get away with things. Barack Obama made it cool.

Many of Obama’s unconstitutional orders were struck down by the courts. The Democrats tell us we should be worried that Trump is packing the courts full of stooges who will approve of everything he does. But judges aren’t very predictable. Neil Gorsuch has already voted against the president’s wishes on transgender employees. John Roberts increasingly votes against the president’s wishes to protect the court’s legitimacy. Many of the court’s liberals have historically been appointed by Republicans. Earl Warren was appointed by Eisenhower. John Paul Stevens was appointed by Gerald Ford. David Souter was appointed by George H.W. Bush.

Even if Trump really does pack the court, many on the left have called for packing the judiciary or reforming its structure. In the past, they’ve suggested doing this simply because they don’t agree with the politics of the current judges–not because they believe the judges to be authoritarian. If it’s really the case that Trump manages to load the judiciary up with raving authoritarian nationalists, the judicial reforms already under consideration by the left could be used to undo the damage.

The real concern is not a president who is allied with judges–it’s an authoritarian ruler who is allied with the military. Donald Trump alienated all the leading figures in our armed forces by ignoring their advice, leaking classified information to the press, and blatantly disparaging both them and the intelligence they gathered. Because of this, they will never support any authoritarian bid emanating from him.

We need to articulate a compelling left-wing alternative to the politics of the past 40 years. When Republicans are in office, we flip out over every little thing they do. We oppose it all. People who reject the status quo come to the left and look to the left for a new way forward. But when Democrats are in office, there is no meaningful left-wing opposition. Intellectuals point out the failings of Democratic presidents, but they are derided as bad sports. People who reject the status quo are pushed toward the Republican Party, and pushed into authoritarian nationalism.

A Biden Administration Will Create a Whole New Generation of Bad Democrats

The left hopes that replacing Trump with Biden will buy the left time. But Biden will pack his administration full of a whole new generation of vulgar careerists. It will be these people–not the left–who inherit the Democratic Party when he leaves. They will have the institutional knowledge and connections and access to money that are needed for success in American politics. They will continue servicing the oligarchs. And the Republican Party will respond by growing ever more bellicose, ever more grandiose, ever more willing to tear the whole thing down. Biden will accelerate the rise of new nationalist figures who might be able to do all the things Trump can’t even dream of doing.

We can’t have that, and for that reason I can’t support Biden, even as a matter of strategy. To give the left more time, we need to give the left something to oppose. We can oppose the Trump administration in its second term. But if it’s Biden, we’ll be stuck defending him as he slugs the ordinary American in the face. The American people won’t forget the black eye we’ve given them, and they’ll vote for the leaders who will be the death of us.

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politicoscope · 4 years

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Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

New Post has been published on https://www.politicoscope.com/hosni-mubarak-biography-and-profile/

Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

Hosni Mubarak Early Life

Hosni Mubarak (Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak) was born on 4 May 1928 in Munofiya. Mubarak was a former Egyptian military and political leader who served as the fourth president of Egypt from 1981 to 2011. Before he entered politics, Mubarak was a career officer in the Egyptian Air Force. Hosni Mubarak was the longest serving Egyptian president, having ruled Egypt for almost 30 years until he was swept from power in a wave of mass protests in February 2011. Mubarak was a 24-year-old air force pilot when the military overthrew King Farouk in 1952. The son of a government clerk, he was born Muhammed Hosni El Sayed Mubarak in the Nile Delta village of Kafr Musailha on May 4, 1928, when Egypt was still heavily supervised by Britain, which controlled the Suez Canal. Details of his early life are sketchy. He qualified as a pilot in 1950 and spent more than two years in the Soviet Union a decade later, training to fly bombers.

When much of the air force was wiped out by Israeli warplanes in the Six-Day War of 1967, he was made head of the air force academy, charged with rebuilding air power to hit back. As head of the air force from 1972, he did just that, attacking Israel in 1973. Sadat, who succeeded Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970, saw in Mubarak a loyal subordinate and made him vice president in 1975. That office would lie vacant under Mubarak, who guarded his power jealously.

As president, Mubarak sent the army in to quell mutineers in the 1980s, and also repaired relations with Arab states after Sadat’s peace with Israel. In 1989, Egypt was readmitted to the Arab League, which moved its headquarters back to Cairo. American money made sure that Egypt never wavered from an arms-length civility toward the Jewish state, and Mubarak played mediator between Israel and the Palestinians down the years. His policies irritated many in the Middle East. After Hamas Islamists took control in the Gaza Strip, adjacent to Egypt, in 2007, Mubarak backed the Israeli blockade of the territory.

Violence by Islamists at home, including attacks on tourist sites and Red Sea resorts, remained a justification for the police state. In 1995, Mubarak survived one of several assassination attempts when Islamist gunmen fired on his car during a visit to Ethiopia.

A command economy fashioned under the Arab socialist Nasser lagged behind countries Egypt was once compared to, such as Turkey or South Korea. Egypt’s population almost doubled under Mubarak, but many remained mired in deep poverty. A spurt of growth in his final decade, fuelled by market reforms overseen by his son Gamal, made some rich, but corruption ensured the wealth stuck to the elite around the head of state, the military and those who found favour in the National Democratic Party (NDP).

Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

The son of a government clerk, he was born Muhammed Hosni El Sayed Mubarak in the Nile Delta village of Kafr Musailha on May 4, 1928, when Egypt was still heavily supervised by Britain, which controlled the Suez Canal. Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak insisted on keeping his private life out of the public domain while president. Mubarak exhibited a leaning toward the military. A graduate of the Air Force academy, he would serve as its director between 1966 and 1969. In 1972, Sadat appointed him as Air Force commander; he would later receive accolades from the late president over the Egyptian Air Force’s accomplishments during the conflict with Israel.

In 1975, Sadat appointed Mubarak to the post of vice-president and gave him his first taste of mainstream politics as a senior member of the ruling National Democratic Party (NDP). It was not clear why Sadat chose Mubarak, although some believe it was in reward for Mubarak’s effective tenure as chief of the air force.

Married to a half-British graduate of the American University in Cairo, Suzanne Mubarak, he was known to lead a strict life with a fixed daily schedule that began at 0600. Never a smoker or a drinker, he built himself a reputation as a fit man who led a healthy life. In his younger days, close associates often complained of the president’s schedule, which began with a workout in the gym or a game of squash.

He was sworn in as president on 14 October 1981, eight days after the Sadat assassination. Despite having little popular appeal or international profile at the time, the burly military man used his sponsorship of the issue behind Sadat’s killing – peace with Israel – to build up his reputation as an international statesman.

Mubarak head of the air force academy

Mubarak qualified as a pilot in 1950 and spent more than two years in the Soviet Union a decade later, training to fly bombers. When much of the air force was wiped out by Israeli warplanes in the Six-Day War of 1967, he was made head of the air force academy, charged with rebuilding air power to hit back. As head of the air force from 1972, he did just that, attacking Israel in 1973.

Mubarak Isolated From Arab and Muslim Countries

When Mubarak assumed power, Egypt was isolated from Arab and Muslim countries, many of whom had broken off diplomatic ties after Sadat signed a peace treaty with Israel in 1979. In one of its greatest diplomatic defeats, Egypt was kicked out of the Arab League and its headquarters were moved from Cairo to Tunisia. Mubarak’s first foreign policy mandate was to bring his country back into the Arab fold and to resume ties with major players in the region. His first success was in building a relationship with the then influential Arab leader Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi president, whose country was locked in a bloody war with Iran.

Egypt signed on as Iraq’s ally in the conflict, providing military assistance and expertise to Baghdad. By the time the Iran-Iraq war ended in 1988, Egypt had successfully emerged from its isolation. In 1990, in a move spearheaded by Iraq and Yemen, the Arab League headquarters were returned to Cairo. But the Arab rapprochement was short-lived as Egypt opposed Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait in August 1990. Mubarak urged Saddam to withdraw his forces from Kuwait; when Baghdad failed to do so, Egypt joined the US-led international effort to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.

Hosni Mubarak Trial

By late May 2011, judicial officials announced that Mr Mubarak, along with his two sons – Alaa and Gamal – would stand trial over the deaths of anti-government protesters. So began a protracted series of court appearances – with the former president often been seen in the dock in an upright stretcher wearing his trademark sunglasses.

Hosni Mubarak Trial in Court

He has steadfastly argued his innocence – telling a retrial in August that that he was approaching the end of his life “with a good conscience”.

On 2 June 2012 he was found guilty of complicity in the murder of some of the demonstrators who took part in the wave of protests that began on 25 January 2011. Along with his former Interior Minister, Habib al-Adly, he was sentenced to life imprisonment for his crimes.

In January 2013 a court upheld an appeal against Mr Mubarak’s and Mr al-Adly’s convictions and granted retrials. Mr Mubarak and his sons were also ordered to be retried on corruption charges for which they were originally acquitted. Mr Mubarak was released from prison in August that year but placed under house arrest before being transferred to a military hospital.

In May 2014, Mubarak was found guilty of embezzlement, and sentenced to three years in prison. Alaa and Gamal were sentenced to four years each. The convictions were overturned in January 2015, but a retrial reinstated the same sentences. An appeals court upheld the sentences a year later, but Alaa and Gamal were freed because of time already served.

In November 2014, Mr Mubarak was finally acquitted in a retrial of conspiring to kill protesters during the 2011 uprising. At the same time, he was also acquitted of corruption charges involving gas exports to Israel.

In March 2017 Egypt’s top appeals court upheld Mr Mubarak’s acquittal and he went free, for the first time in six years.

Mubarak: Egypt’s Quasi-Military Leader

In effect, Mubarak ruled as a quasi-military leader when he took power. For his entire period in office, he kept the country under emergency law, giving the state sweeping powers of arrest and curbing basic freedoms. The government argued the draconian regime was necessary to combat Islamist terrorism, which came in waves during the decades of Mr Mubarak’s rule – often targeting Egypt’s lucrative tourism sector.

He presided over a period of domestic stability and economic development that meant most of his fellow countrymen accepted his monopolisation of power. But towards the end of his tenure in power, Mr Mubarak felt for the first time the pressure to encourage democracy, both from within Egypt, and from his most powerful ally, the United States. Many supporters of reform doubted the veteran ruler’s sincerity when he said he was all for opening up the political process.

Ahead of his declaration that he would not to stand again for the presidency, the US had heaped pressure on him to stand aside, calling for an “orderly transition” of power to a more democratic system. Mr Mubarak won three elections unopposed since 1981, but for his fourth contest in 2005 – after a firm push from the US – he changed the system to allow rival candidates.

Critics said the election was heavily weighted in favour of Mr Mubarak and the National Democratic Party (NDP). They accused the Egyptian leader of presiding over a sustained campaign of suppressing.

‘History will judge me’

The length of his time in power, along with his age and possible successors, had all been sensitive subjects in Egypt until the mass protests allowed the Egyptian people to find a voice. People around Mr Mubarak said his health and vigour belied his age – although a couple of health scares served as a reminder of his advancing years. Rumours about the president’s health gathered pace when he travelled to Germany in March 2010 for gall bladder surgery. They flared every time he missed a key gathering or disappeared from the media spotlight for any conspicuous length of time.

However much Egyptian officials tried to deny them, they kept circulating, with reports in the Israeli and pan-Arab media. The days of mass protests in Egyptian cities prompted Mr Mubarak to finally name a vice-president. On 29 January 2011, intelligence chief Omar Suleiman was elevated to the role in what was seen as an attempt by Mr Mubarak to bolster his support in the military. Two weeks later Mr Mubarak’s three-decade rule was over, and in March he was under arrest.

In the past, Mr Mubarak had said he would continue to serve Egypt until his last breath. In his speech on 1 February 2011, he said: “This dear nation… is where I lived, I fought for it and defended its soil, sovereignty and interests. On its soil I will die. History will judge me like it did others.”

Why Was Mubarak Overthrown?

Mubarak policies irritated many in the Middle East. After Hamas Islamists took control in the Gaza Strip, adjacent to Egypt, in 2007, Mubarak backed the Israeli blockade of the territory. Violence by Islamists at home, including attacks on tourist sites and Red Sea resorts, remained a justification for the police state. In 1995, Mubarak survived one of several assassination attempts when Islamist gunmen fired on his car during a visit to Ethiopia.

Politically, there was talk of reform, not least when former U.S. President George W. Bush was pushing the idea. After winning a series of single-candidate referendums that provided the legal basis of his rule, Mubarak agreed to contest a presidential election in 2005. But the defeat of Ayman Nour, a liberal lawyer who dared challenge him, was no surprise.

By 2010, the NDP felt confident enough of its impunity to claim 90% of the seats in a parliamentary election that saw the Muslim Brotherhood eliminated from the legislature. The resulting public outrage might have subsided, as it had before, had it not been for the sudden success of an uprising in Tunisia just a few weeks later which also prompted protests against Egypt’s ruler.

At first, Mubarak gave little ground to the hundreds of thousands of demonstrators in Cairo’s Tahrir Square, comforted by hesitation in Western capitals to cut loose an ally. Only when his generals began to desert him, fearful their own privileges might be swept away, and the Americans sided with the popular will, did he relent, at first insisting he would retire only later but finally flown off to his Red Sea retreat.

“Egypt and I shall not be parted until I am buried in her soil,” he said. He was arrested two months later.

A trial began in August 2011, the sight of Mubarak in a courtroom cage captivating viewers.

Egyptian Revolution of 2011

Hosni Mubarak, Egypt’s third and longest-serving president, stepped down on February 11, 2011, after an 18-day-long mass uprising aimed at removing him from power. Omar Suleiman, the country’s then newly appointed vice-president, announced the move in a brief statement on state television, hours after Mubarak was reported to have left the capital Cairo for the Red Sea resort city of Sharm El-Sheikh.

The following day Vice-President Omar Suleiman made a terse announcement saying Mr Mubarak was stepping down and the military’s supreme council would run the country.

Mubarak’s resignation followed mass protests in Egypt against his 30-year rule, and came a day after he surprised the people of his country by refusing to resign. The former president succeeded Anwar Sadat, who was assassinated on October 6, 1981 while attending a military parade to commemorate the 1973 Arab-Israeli war.

Mohamed Mursi Won the Presidency

On June 2, 2012, just before Brotherhood candidate Mohamed Mursi won the presidency, Mubarak was jailed for life for conspiring to murder protesters, sent to Cairo’s Tora Prison though occasionally moved to the smart Maadi military hospital nearby due to claims of failing health. Prison time would be short, however, as another military man, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, overthrew Mursi the following year.

As Sisi launched a crackdown on the Brotherhood that critics said was more severe than anything under Mubarak, the case against the former president was dropped in 2014.

Three years later, following an appeal by the prosecution, Egypt’s top appeals court acquitted him, allowing him to return to his home the upscale Cairo neighbourhood of Heliopolis, not far from the presidential palace he had occupied for nearly three decades.

Hosni Mubarak Death

Former Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, who held power for 30 years until he was ousted in 2011 in a popular uprising against corruption and autocratic rule, died on Tuesday 25 February 2020, at the age of 91.

Hosni Mubarak Net Worth

Hosni Mubarak’s vast wealth started to attract widespread press scrutiny, with outlets like the Guardian and ABC News estimating his fortune at as much as $70 billion. However, this amount may be disputed by some people. The precise amount of cash and assets Mubarak and his family allegedly stole may start to come to light as Egypt works with international authorities in their recovery effort.

Hosni Mubarak spoke out and said:

“I do not own any accounts or assets outside Egypt… This is for the Egyptian people to know that their former president has accounts only in one Egyptian bank, according to what I have mentioned in my final financial statement. I agree to offer any authorizations that would enable the Egyptian public prosecutor – through the Egyptian Foreign Ministry’s contacts with foreign ministries worldwide – to take all the necessary legal procedures to reveal whether my wife, either of my sons, Alaa or Gamal, and I own any properties or assets directly or indirectly, whether they were commercial or personal, since I started working in the military and political public works and until now, so that everyone would make sure that all the allegations handled by the local and foreign mass media about me and my family’s ownership of huge properties abroad were fake.”

How Old is Hosni Mubarak?

Hosni Mubarak was 91 years when he died on Tuesday 25 February 2020.

Hosni Mubarak’s Family

Hosni Mubarak’s Spouse: Suzanne Mubarak (m. 1959). Hosni Mubarak’s Grandchildren: Omar Alaa Mubarak, Mahmoud Gamal Mubarak, Farida Gamal Mubarak, Mohammed Mubarak.

Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak Biography and Profile

#Egyptian Military #Egyptian Political Leader #Egyptian Politician #Egyptian President #Hosni Mubarak #Hosni Mubarak Biography #Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile #Mohamed Mursi #Mohamed Mursi Biography #Mohamed Mursi Biography and Profile #Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak #Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak Biography and Profile #President of Egypt

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mdye · 7 years

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Donald Trump passed along sensitive intelligence to Russia’s ambassador, endangering American assets in the exact same way that Barack Obama did when he bowed to that guy. We’re convinced that at this point, Mitch McConnell’s entire family could be eaten by bears but so long as the plan to lower the effective tax rate for corporations were on track, he’d be cool. And it seems like Trump’s week couldn’t get any worse unless he had a photo-op with an authoritarian ruler like Recep Tayyip Erdog — oh. This is HUFFPOST HILL for Tuesday, May 16th, 2017:

THIS MIGHT BE HOW THE DEMOCRATS BLOW 2018 - Greetings from Georgetown, where everyone knows the reason Trump won in November was because there weren’t enough Beltway gatherings at hotels where a side order of foie gras butter is a reasonable $15. As such, the Center for American Progress and practically the entire Democratic establishment thought it a good idea to to have an “Ideas Conference” at the Four Seasons today. Naturally, this had us wondering whether the setting might undermine the speakers’ messages of economic inclusion (”Concentrated money and concentrated power are corrupting our democracy,” warned Elizabeth Warren; Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti said the economic woes of working people in California are “not much different from people in coal country;” “All we do is fight for working families in our country,” claimed Nancy Pelosi, adding that it was imperative that the Democratic Party better communicate its agenda to voters). “CAP’s Ideas Conference isn’t about the venue — it’s about the ideas and energy our speakers are bringing to the day,” said CAP spokeswoman Allison Preiss, who added that the venue was chosen to accommodate unexpected press interest (though the group’s 10th anniversary policy conference in 2013 was held, somewhat suspiciously, at the St. Regis). We asked Senator Jeff Merkley what he thought of the setting. “I did find it kind of ironic as I was walking here from the subway stop that we were moving into elite Georgetown for this conference,” he said. Merkley said he didn’t know enough about the planning to comment at length, but noted, approvingly, “this is a union shop.” Onward to 2018!

This is arguably the GOP’s worst news cycle of the year, and Republicans were giddy to tee off on the conference’s location: “Giving speeches to rich, white, elites inside $800 per night hotels in the toniest section of the most hated city in America only picks up where Hillary Clinton left off,” Ken Spain, the former communications director for the Republican National Campaign Committee, told us. Sam Geduldig, a leading GOP lobbyist and erstwhile aide to former House Speaker John Boehner, picked up on that theme. “I have this vision of wealthy liberals picking at a seafood tower while talking about people they know nothing about,” Geduldig said. “Maybe they can conduct a focus group of the hotel staff, while they have them in one place?”

Taking BernieLand’s temperature: “A tone-deaf luxury bootcamp for CAP-affiliated consultants, operatives, and big money donors accustomed to losing elections means the Democratic party might not get in shape ahead of the 2018 midterm elections,” People for Bernie co-founder Winnie Wong told us.

TRUMP ADMIN STILL DANCING AROUND INTEL LEAK DENIAL - Marina Fang: “President Donald Trump’s administration on Tuesday continued to provide a muddled explanation of reports that the president shared classified information with Russian officials in an Oval Office meeting last week. National security adviser H.R. McMaster, who had said on Monday that The Washington Post’s reporting was false, would not directly confirm or deny that Trump had shared classified information. ‘We don’t say what’s classified, what’s not classified,’ McMaster said at a press briefing Tuesday, before adding that ‘what the president shared was wholly appropriate.’ Trump all but confirmed that he shared classified information in a series of tweets early Tuesday morning, proclaiming that he has ‘the absolute right’ to share any information he wants.” [HuffPost]

Oh: “McMaster’s pushback came just hours after Trump himself acknowledged Tuesday morning in a pair of tweets that he had indeed revealed highly classified information to Russia — a stunning confirmation of the Washington Post story and a move that seemed to contradict his own White House team after it scrambled to deny the report.” [WaPo’s Ashley Parker]

DONALD TRUMP GAVE SENSITIVE INTEL TO THE RUSSIANS AND THE GOP IS ON IT - And by “on it,” we mean, “has the same canned response queued up.” Amanda Terkel: “Rep. Frank LoBiondo (R-N.J.) said the news was ‘deeply concerning,’ and he will raise it when the House Intelligence Committee meets. ‘I would be concerned anytime we’re discussing sensitive subjects with the Russians,’ said Sen. John Thune (R-S.D.). Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.) similarly said the revelations were ‘deeply disturbing,’ while Sen. Bob Corker (R-Tenn.) told the White House to get its act together: ‘The White House has got to do something soon to bring itself under control and in order. It’s got to happen.’ House Speaker Paul Ryan (R-Wis.) said he wants a ‘full explanation’ from the administration of what Trump disclosed, while Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.) would simply like ‘a little less drama from the White House on a lot of things so that we can focus on our agenda.’” [HuffPost]

Haircuts: Jeffrey Young (h/t Jeffrey Young), Canada’s own Todd Zwillich (h/t Tiger Beat).

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OH GOOD LORD, TRUMP MEETS WITH ERDOGAN - The whole Russian intel leak thing reminded us that Trump will also likely meet with Rodrigo Duterte at some point this year. Can’t wait! Julie Hirschfeld Davis and Mark Landler: “President Trump on Tuesday praised President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey as a stalwart ally in the battle against Islamic extremism, ignoring Mr. Erdogan’s authoritarian crackdown on his own people and brushing aside recent tensions between the United States and Turkey over how to wage the military campaign against the Islamic State. Welcoming Mr. Erdogan to the White House, Mr. Trump said, ‘Today, we face a new enemy in the fight against terrorism, and again we seek to face this threat together.’ … Mr. Erdogan praised Mr. Trump for the ‘legendary triumph’ he had achieved in the election and declared that his first meeting with the new president would be a ‘historical turn of tide’ in the Turkish-American relationship.” [NYT]

Congratulations to Jared Kushner: “Sen. John Cornyn (R-Texas) took himself out of the running to be the nation’s next FBI director, informing President Donald Trump’s administration that he intends to stay in the Senate instead. In a statement released by his office on Tuesday, Cornyn, the Senate’s majority whip, said the country needs a ‘well-credentialed’ and ‘independent’ FBI director to replace James Comey, who was fired by the president last week.” [HuffPost’s Igor Bobic]

THE 11-DIMENSIONAL CHESS OF FAKE NEWS - True Detective Season 13: The first one starring Tim Allen and Kelsey Grammar and streamed on NewsmaxTV. Alex Seitz-Wald: “The Dallas-based financial adviser, Ed Butowsky, a Fox News contributor who has written articles for Breitbart News, contacted the parents of Seth Rich and urged them to hire a private investigator to look into the death of their 27-year-old son, who was shot and killed last July in what police say was a robbery gone wrong. The Rich family hired the detective who had been recommended, Rod Wheeler, a former D.C. homicide detective who is also a Fox News contributor and who last month tweeted a photo of himself at the White House captioned, ‘Doing my part to Make America Great Again!!’ Wheeler said on Monday there was evidence to support the conspiracy theories, including that Rich had been in contact with WikiLeaks before his death — prompting a quick rebuke from both the police and Rich’s family…. Police say it was a robbery gone wrong, but the death quickly became a fascination of conspiracy theorists, who alleged he was the source of DNC emails published on Wikileaks, even though U.S. intelligence agencies say they actually came from a Russian hacking operation.” [MSNBC]

Condolences to Melissa McCarthy: “As President Donald Trump is reportedly frustrated with his communications team and mulling a major staff shake-up, Fox News host Kimberly Guilfoyle signaled Tuesday that she could be leaving the president’s favorite channel for the White House. In an interview with the Bay Area News Group, Guilfoyle said she had been in conversations with the Trump administration about becoming White House press secretary or taking on another press role.” [HuffPost’s Michael Calderone]

NC GOV PROMISES EXECUTIVE ORDER ON HB2 - Pretty amazing considering the state legislature stripped Roy Cooper of pretty much every power save for the approval vanity plates. Julia Craven: “North Carolina Gov. Roy Cooper (D) vowed Tuesday to issue an executive order ‘pretty soon’ to increase protections for LGBTQ people in the state. The pledge follows the state’s partial repeal of HB2, a law barring local governments from passing any anti-discrimination protections for lesbian, gay and transgender people. ‘I’m going to issue an executive order pretty soon that is comprehensive, that helps with LGBT protections and we’re going to keep working every day,’ he said during the Center for American Progress’ Ideas Conference. Cooper’s office told HuffPost they could not immediately give additional details about the order.” [HuffPost]

MAN ARRESTED FOR THREATENING CONGRESSWOMAN - McSally, to refresh your memory, represents Gabby Giffords old district. Curt Prendergast: “The FBI arrested a TUSD employee on suspicion of threatening U.S. Rep. Martha McSally. FBI agents arrested Steve Martan, 58, in connection with three messages left on the congressional office voicemail on May 2 and May 10, according to a criminal complaint filed May 12 in U.S. District Court in Tucson. Martan is a campus monitor at Miles Exploratory Learning Center in the Tucson Unified School District. He was placed on home assignment and told not to come into work as the district investigates the allegations. The voicemails contained threats to McSally, including that she should ‘be careful’ when she returns to Tucson and that her days ‘were numbered.’ He threatened to shoot her in one of the expletive-filled messages.” [Arizona Daily Star]

BECAUSE YOU’VE READ THIS FAR - Here is the flyest toddler to ever take to a moonbounce.

COMFORT FOOD

The dopest of elevators.

How to make the carbonara from “Master of None.”

Take a break from this nightmarish newscycle and relax by watching some Japanese joinery.

TWITTERAMA

Thoughts and prayers to all those GOP lawmakers concerned about Trump’s behavior

— Amanda Terkel (@aterkel) May 16, 2017

White House reaction cycle 1 - It never happened 2 - POTUS tweet 3 - It happened; NBD 4 - Nobody cares but you 5 - No more questions on this

— Brad Heath (@bradheath) May 16, 2017

Regular reminder that the entire election turned on fake anger that Clinton had mishandled unmarked material at low-level classification.

— Brian Beutler (@brianbeutler) May 15, 2017

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mychristopherstokes66world · 5 years

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With the Saturday arrest of Jeffrey Epstein - who is reportedly offering to name elite pedophiles in exchange for leniency, a leaked copy of the billionaire sex predator's "little black book" may provide some insight into some very rich individuals who should be nervous right about now. he book was smuggled out of Epstein's residence by his former house manager, Alfredo Rodriguez, who was busted trying to sell it in 2009 for $50,000 - only to get caught, charged with obstruction of justice, and die in prison after 18 months from a 'long illness.' According to an FBI affidavit, Rodriguez described the address book and the information contained within it as the "Holy Grail" or "Golden Nugget" to unraveling Epstein's sprawling child-sex network. But despite having been subpoenaed for everything he had on his former boss, Rodriguez didn't share it with the FBI or Palm Beach Police Department detectives investigating Epstein. Instead, he tried to make a $50,000 score by covertly peddling the black book to one of the attorneys launching lawsuits at Epstein on behalf of his victims. -Gawker According to a 2015 Gawker article, Epstein's little black book contains hundreds of names that a hobnobbing socialite billionaire might keep on hand, however around 50 of the entries were circled by Rodriguez - "including those of many of Epstein's suspected victims and accomplices," according to the report. Some of the names in the book include: Ralph Fiennes Alec Baldwin David Blaine Jimmy Buffett Courtney Love Charlie Rose Mike Wallace Barbara Walters Ehud Barak Tony Blair David Koch John Gutfreund Prince Andrew And of course: Bill Clinton and Donald Trump About 50 of the entries, including those of many of Epstein's suspected victims and accomplices as well as Trump, Love, Barak, Dershowitz, and others, were circled by Rodriguez. >Alec Baldwin >Tony Blair >the Bronfmans >office of Bill Clinton >Alastair Campbell >Jonathan Dimbleby >John Cleese (;A;) >Minnie Driver >Duke and Duchess of York >”Elizabeth” (Queen?) >Chris Evans (0207 number, extremely overpaid BBC presenter, not the Captain America actor) >Brian Ferry >Ralph Fiennes >David Frost >Rupert Heseltine >Liz Hurley >one of the Jagger offspring >literally all of the Kennedy clan >Jemma Kidd >Henry Kissinger >Boby Kotic (Activision CEO) >Christopher Lambert (;A;) >Simon Le Bon >Doug Liman >Courtney Love >Peter Mandelson >Rupert Murdoch >Andrew Neil >Jon Peters, Hollywood mega-producer >Prince Charles >Joan Rivers >the Rothschilds >Maria Shriver >Soros >Kevin Spacey >Koo Stark >Ivana and Ivanka Trump (not Donald, though) >Chris Tucker >Bob Weinstein >Prince Michel of Yugoslavia >”Police - sergeant Robert Goldberg” >entire section devoted to “ISLAND” >John Kerry And those are just the recognisable-to-normies entries. There’s a who’s-who of financiers and high society money in there too. Jesus Christ. In addition to the names above, as well as scores of apparent underage victims in Florida, New Mexico, California, Paris, and the United Kingdom listed under the rubric of "massage," the circled entries include: Billionaire Leslie Wexner Former New Mexico Governor Bruce King Former New Mexico Governor and Democratic presidential hopeful Bill Richardson Peter Soros, the nephew of George Soros Former Miss Sweden and socialite New York City doctor Eva Andersson Dubin Some of the circled entries include additional notes—one address in New York City, for instance, is marked as an "apt. for models," and two names bear the marking "witness." You don't even have to do anything, and most people invited might even be totally unaware of the real purpose of the parties! But, sooner or later, some billionaire will get handsy, she'll escort him to a room with a hidden camera, things happen. Morning after, you strike. The fund is offshore in a tax haven (check) and nobody will see the client list (check). Of course, you don't really know anything about investing, instead making up some nonsense about currency trading (check), and nobody on Wall Street has ever traded with you (check) A $20 million wire from Billionaire X to you with no obvious reason will raise many questions, and the IRS will certainly want to know what you did to warrant it. A $5 million quarterly fee for managing $1 billion in assets? Nobody bats an eye. Because of this structure, you're extraordinarily secretive about client lists (check) because they artters or return streams ever leak (check) Occasionally you may also try this trick on other people: important political figures, mayors, prosecutors, etc. They don't invest in the fund, but it's nice to have them in your pocket. Others (academics, artists, etc.) can just be bought with money as a PR smokescreen. And the last piece of the puzzle is the evidence. You'd want it somewhere remote, but accessible: a place the US can't touch but you have an excuse to visit all the time to update. Remember that offshore fund? I bet there's a *very* interesting safe deposit box there.

this wasn't his rolodex. it was his special book; which he's old buttler was trying to peddle for 50k. probbaly is worth a lot more. >tony blair >mike bloomberg posted this one just because it has 2 wins.

this looks like a fun read. https://pt.scribd.com/document/416207833/Jeffrey-Epsteins-Little-Black-Book-Redacted#from_embed

"And there were lots of parties! I remember I ran to the bathroom of the hotel L’Hirondellein the Queen Elisabeth Street in Knokke where a party was taking place. I was breathing heavily when I crawled towards the toilet, fighting the urge to throw up. One of the men had orally raped me pushing so deeply in my throat that I had gagged, upon which he had beaten me. After a while however he had found another victim and I had taken advantage of this to flee to the bathroom. But instead of throwing up I had started to cry uncontrollably. I was taken over completely by feelings of panic, fear and helplessness and pushed myself against the cool tiles of the bathtub. The door opened. One of the abusers entered, closed the door and sat down in front of me. I tried to stop crying but the tears kept coming. It looked as if a dike had burst inside me. He caressed my hair, whispered in a soothing way that I was safe now. “Don’t be afraid little girl, I’m with you now…” And he stroked my hair, pulled me close to him. I braced myself at first, afraid to get hit again, but his hands kept caressing me. I cried against his chest and my little eight-year-old body

>eight-year-old body

was shaking against his shoulders. I put my little arms around his neck, hesitating, and cuddled up against his body. I allowed all the pain and misery to break loose. I cried as if I would never stop, clung to him like a drowning person. Then his hand went between my legs. Suddenly, without any warning, he turned me around, made me sit on all fours and raped me. He breathed heavily when he came, pushed me away, zipped his pants and left. I had turned him on by looking to him for consolation and protection."

Regina Louf, Dutroux Affair victim. Her full testimony can be found here:

>https://www.scribd.com/document/125814985/109518200-Regina-s-Story

>The book was smuggled out of Epstein's residence by his former house manager, Alfredo Rodriguez, who was busted trying to sell it in 2009 for $50,000 - only to get caught, charged with obstruction of justice, and die in prison after 18 months from a 'long illness.' This is all very tantalizing, but isn't it possible this is just an innocuous address book, 99% of the names have no knowledge of the crimes and only brief associations with Epstein, and the butler was just trying to profit?

A shill is someone whom cannot see criminal behavior based on a gradient of political partisanship. Shills are pushing a third party's (A: Me, B: You, C: not in the room) agenda loyally, while engaging in every confirmation bias known to man, while unironically (in the shill's opinion) hating Snopes.com, to whom the shill is logically identical. This isn't about Trump, or Epstein. This is about how a corrupt system has emerged, and replaced typical American values with Zionist ones, to include the kike sodomite obsession with sex, and preoccupation with perversion. Now, be sure to say some uncalled for repudiation, using every attempt to ignore this lesson. But, let it sink in, as well. Jimmy Buffett... Fifteen may get you twenty, that's all right Cause they'll be rocking and a rolling on a Livingston Saturday night https://youtu.be/X7ckBvSKG-Q https://thedevilman666.blogspot.com/https://www.facebook.com/groups/qanonreports https://twitter.com/CIACLOWN1 https://www.bitchute.com/channel/ciaclown16661/

#CIA CLOWN #RED PILL #REDPILL #ANON #HONKHONK

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bountyofbeads · 5 years

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https://www.thedailybeast.com/jeffrey-epstein-charged-with-sex-trafficking?via=twitter_page

BREAKING: Feds reveal sex trafficking charges against Jeffrey Epstein

Feds are accusing Jeffrey Epstein of using his fortune to “create a vast network of underage victims.”

THE 🔥 🔥 HEAT 🔥 🔥 IS ON

INDICTMENT ALLEGES JEFFREY EPSTEIN CREATED ‘VAST NETWORK’ OF UNDERAGE SEX VICTIMS AS YOUNG AS 14

By Kate Briquelet, Senior Reporter

Pervaiz Shallwani, Senior Editor & Writer | Updated 07.08.19 10:11AM ET Published 07.08.19 9:48AM ET | Daily Beast | Posted July 8, 2019 |

Federal prosecutors on Monday released an indictment against billionaire financier Jeffrey Epstein, charging him with sex trafficking and accusing him of using his fortune to “create a vast network of underage victims for him to sexually exploit.”

Epstein is expected to appear later Monday in Manhattan federal court to be arraigned on the charges, which cover alleged crimes between 2002 and 2005.

According to the indictment, Epstein “enticed and recruited, and caused to be enticed and recruited, minor girls to visit him” at his Manhattan mansion and Palm Beach estate “to engage in sex acts with him, after which he would give the victims hundreds of dollars in cash.

“Moreover, and in order to maintain and increase his supply of victims, Epstein also paid certain of his victims to recruit additional girls to be similarly abused by Epstein.

“In this way, Epstein created a vast network of underage victims for him to sexually exploit.”

The indictment details three victims and refers to three unnamed employees who assisted Epstein in the alleged scheme—and describes what is essentially a sex-trafficking pyramid scheme.

Victims were initially lured to Epstein’s homes to provide massages, “which would be performed nude or partially nude, would become increasingly sexual in nature, and would typically include one or more sex acts,” the 14-page indictment alleges.

Some of those girls would then be asked to go find other victims and be paid hundreds of dollars for each one they brought back, the court documents say. “In so doing, Epstein maintained a steady supply of new victims to exploit.”

As The Daily Beast first reported, the mysterious money man was collared on Saturday by the FBI-NYPD Crimes Against Children Task Force. The 66-year-old Epstein—who has palatial homes in Palm Beach, New Mexico, on a private island in the Caribbean, in Paris, and on Manhattan’s tony Upper East Side—was taken into federal custody as he landed at New Jersey’s Teterboro Airport on an international flight from France, according to NBC News. He spent the weekend in the Metropolitan Correctional Center, according to a senior law enforcement official—the high-security prison once dubbed tougher than Guantanamo, which also houses the likes of Paul Manafort and notorious drug lord El Chapo.

Epstein's mansion in New York was raided by federal agents on Saturday night as they executed search warrants, with a witness telling the New York Post that authorities broke the door down and "went in with bags."

In an announcement today, Geoffrey S. Berman, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, and William F. Sweeney Jr., the Assistant Director in Charge of the FBI’s New York Field Office, said that Epstein will face one count of sex trafficking of minors and one count of conspiracy to engage in sex trafficking of minors. The hedge fund manager—who has palled around with the likes of Bill Clinton and Donald Trump—is accused of sexually exploiting and abusing dozens of underage victims, some as young as 14, in locations that included his Manhattan and Florida mansions. He would hire the girls for “massages” and then grope or assault them in private, prosecutors say.

“Epstein exploited girls who were vulnerable to abuse, enticed them with cash payments, and escalated his conduct to include sex acts, often occurring at his residence on the Upper East Side of Manhattan,” Berman said. “While the charged conduct is from a number of years ago, the victims—then children and now young women—are no less entitled to their day in court. My Office is proud to stand up for these victims by bringing this indictment.”

Jeffrey Epstein Shouldn’t Expect to Wiggle Free Again

The FBI’s Sweeney urged anyone who might be a victim of Epstein to contact the Victim & Witness Services professionals of the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, at 866-874-8900, and reference the current case against him.

The case is being handled by the SDNY’s Public Corruption Unit with assistance from the Office’s Human Trafficking Co-Coordinator, and is headed up by Assistant U.S. Attorneys Alex Rossmiller, Alison Moe, and Maurene Comey (daughter of one James Comey, former director of the FBI).

Epstein’s lawyer Martin Weinberg declined to comment on the arrest or the charges when reached by The Daily Beast on Saturday.

A DARK SECRET AND DOZENS OF GIRLS

Details of Epstein’s alleged trafficking—which, prosecutors say, took place between 2002 and 2005—match the reports of scores of underage women who accused the billionaire of molestation and sexual abuse in 2007 in Palm Beach. That year, local Florida police launched an investigation after a 14-year-old and her parents claimed that an older man named “Jeff” had molested her at Epstein’s gaudy tropical mansion. More women soon came forward with similar tales of massages and molestation in exchange for $200 to $1,000 per visit. Some also claimed that Epstein would force them to have intercourse with him or a young woman described as his Eastern European “sex slave.” Epstein’s assistant, Sarah Kellen, allegedly kept a whole rolodex of underage girls to recruit for her employer.

The case against Epstein quickly escalated to the U.S. Attorney’s office in Miami, then led by Alexander Acosta. But the prosecutor (now President Donald Trump’s Labor Secretary) cut a sweetheart plea deal with Epstein and his high-powered lawyers, one that amounted to a mere slap on the wrist: instead of facing federal charges—such as sex trafficking of children by force, fraud or coercion, as laid out in the plea deal—Epstein plead guilty in state court to two minor prostitution charges (solicitation of prostitution and procurement of minors for prostitution). He served a mere 13 months in a county jail with lenient work release privileges. The plea deal also granted immunity to any alleged co-conspirators—“including but not limited to” recruiters Kellen, Adriana Ross, and Lesley Groff, or the alleged sex slave, Nada Marcinkova.

The New York charges are hauntingly similar. Prosecutors say Epstein paid his victims “hundreds of dollars in cash” and that, “in order to maintain and increase his supply of victims, Epstein also paid certain victims to recruit additional underage girls whom he could similarly abuse. In this way, Epstein created a vast network of underage victims for him to sexually exploit, often on a daily basis…” The feds also noted that the alleged victims “were, for various reasons, often particularly vulnerable to exploitation,” that Epstein “knew that many of his victims were under 18” because the girls had told him themselves, and that “many victims were abused by Epstein on multiple subsequent occasions.”

The new charges could land Epstein in prison for up to 45 years if he’s convicted.

Lawyers who represent Epstein’s alleged victims applauded the new charges. “It’s been a long time coming—it’s been too long coming,” attorney David Boies, who represents two Epstein accusers, told The Daily Beaston Saturday night. “It is an important step towards getting justice for the many victims of Mr. Epstein’s sex trafficking enterprise.”

Meanwhile, Epstein’s famed lawyer Alan Dershowitz told the Beast that he planned to “wait and see what the evidence is” against his former client. The Harvard law professor has been accused of digging up dirt on victims in the Florida case and trying to portray the girls as unreliable witnesses. (Dershowitz has denied any wrongdoing.) The attorney has also been accused by at least one alleged victim of Epstein’s, Virginia Giuffre, of being involved in the sex-trafficking ring himself—a charge which Dershowitz has vehemently denied.

EPSTEIN’S WEALTH

The source of Epstein’s wealth has always been obscure, even as he built a lifestyle of fabulous riches and influential friends. Originally a math teacher at the elite private school Dalton, Epstein reportedly landed at Bear Stearns thanks to the firm’s chairman, whose son was a pupil. Critics have long speculated that the financier may have traded insider information about Bear Stearns and its implosion to get his soft plea deal—though FOX Business recently quotedan Epstein attorney and a former federal prosecutor as both saying they didn’t think authorities ever spoke to Epstein about the firm’s collapse.

Epstein went on to manage the fortunes of Victoria’s Secret mogul Lex Wexner—his only confirmed client—and a little black book found by Florida police listed Epstein’s luminary connections: Bill Clinton, Britain’s Prince Andrew, former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak, former New Mexico Governors Bill Richardson and Bruce King, the rocker Courtney Love. By the time Epstein got busted in Palm Beach, he’d moved into Wexner’s former mansion on the Upper East Side, secured a private tropical island where he reportedly held wild parties, and jetted about from Paris to New York to his “Zorro Ranch” in New Mexico on his private plane—later dubbed the “Lolita Express” by the press—whose flight logs record the names of celebrity buddies alongside those of mysterious young women.

Even after his conviction, the billionaire pedophile enjoyed demonstrating his largesse: as The Daily Beast revealed in an exclusive expose, Epstein’s secret charity has continued to dole out money to Harvard's Hasty Pudding Club, M.I.T., the nonprofits of Deepak Chopra and Elton John, a private girls’ school, and to a doctor linked to President Trump.

REVEALED: We Found Billionaire Pedophile Jeffrey Epstein’s Secret Charity

The trail of Epstein’s money appears to be a twisted one. Epstein’s former mentor, convicted Ponzi schemerSteven Jude Hoffenberg, told Vanity Fair’s Vicky Ward that he met Epstein shortly after Bear Stearns gave Epstein the boot over “illegal operations.” Ward would discover a 1989 deposition for a civil case, in which Epstein admitted to a possible “Reg D” violation (allegedly loaning a friend $20,000 to buy stock) which led to his departure from the investment bank.

Hoffenberg, who was sentenced to 20 years in prison, claims he tried to warn authorities about Epstein’s alleged financial misdeeds for years.

In May 2016, he filed a lawsuit against Epstein to seek restitution on behalf of the victims of his own Ponzi scheme. The complaint, filed in the Southern District of New York, was withdrawn because those individuals “may be in a better position to pursue and assert their own claims” against Epstein, Hoffenberg’s lawyer noted in a letter to Judge Richard Sullivan. The withdrawal came after Epstein’s attorney asked Sullivan to dismiss the case, noting in a letter that another federal judge had previously warned Hoffenberg “against pursuing frivolous or otherwise improper litigation” related to his victims.

Epstein’s lawyer, Bennet Moskowitz, argued Hoffenberg’s complaint should be dismissed, in part, because he lacked standing to sue Epstein and the statute of limitations had passed. “Hoffenberg’s victims, whom he is prohibited from contacting, are better positioned to pursue their own rights than the man who defrauded them,” Moskowitz wrote.

As the former CEO of Towers Financial Corporation (TFC), Hoffenberg claimed Epstein and his firm, The Financial Trust Company, were co-conspirators in a Ponzi scheme that led to more than 200,000 people losing $500 million. The individuals purchased bonds and promissory notes from TFC during the late 1980s and mid-1990s.

According to the complaint, Epstein devised a failed scheme to take over Pan American Airways and Emery Air Freight Corp, financing bids through TFC’s acquisition of two ailing insurance companies in Illinois: Associated Life and United Fire. Epstein made trades through others, because he didn’t have a broker’s license, and he “misappropriated the proceeds for personal use in connection with his investment business,” the lawsuit alleges.

Hoffenberg says he and Epstein, and others at TFC, promised to invest $3 million into the companies, in order to persuade the Illinois Department of Insurance to approve their acquisition. But instead, they used $3 million of the companies’ bonds to buy Pan Am and Emery stocks, the complaint states. As a result, the insurance companies allegedly lost more than $1 million.

Epstein also “manipulated the price of Emery stock to minimize the losses which occurred when Mr. Hoffenberg’s and Mr. Epstein’s bids failed and the share price began to fall,” the lawsuit states. “This involved multiple brokerage accounts which were controlled by Mr. Epstein.”

Meanwhile, Hoffenberg accused Epstein of misappropriating and transferring the insurance companies’ investments and cash to brokerage accounts in New York.

In 1991, the director of insurance for the state of Illinois sued Hoffenberg. As part of the complaint, the director claimed Epstein and his company improperly received $215,000 worth of checks from the insurance companies’ accounts. (Epstein, however, was not a defendant in the state’s suit.)

When TFC became insolvent in the late 1980s, Hoffenberg and Epstein allegedly masterminded another Ponzi scheme by selling about $272 million in promissory notes. TFC provided investors with “bogus income and asset figures to conceal TFC’s true financial condition,” court papers allege.

In 1990, the duo fraudulently sold about $210 million in bonds and again provided phony financial statements, the lawsuit says. The proceeds from the sale of bonds and promissory notes were used to pay TFC’s operating expenses.

The Securities and Exchange Commission, which in 1989 launched an investigation into TFC, would sue the firm four years later. TFC filed for bankruptcy in 1993, and Hoffenberg was indicted one year later. About 100 lawsuits were filed in the mid-1990s against TFC in connection to the fraud.

After pleading guilty to one of the largest, pre-Madoff Ponzi schemes in history, Hoffenberg tried to pin part of the blame on Epstein. “Mr. Hoffenberg, for over 15 years, has made every effort to expose Mr. Epstein’s fraudulent Ponzi schemes,” the lawsuit states, adding that Epstein continues to deny his involvement and wrongfully possess the victims’ funds.

In August 2018, two victims filed a class-action lawsuit against Epstein in New York, describing him as “an uncharged co-conspirator” of Hoffenberg’s Ponzi scheme and claiming Epstein used his ill-gotten gains “to support a lavish lifestyle.”

The complaint, filed by Marvin Gerber and Kalma Koenig, contains the same allegations surrounding the failed Pan Am and Emery acquisitions. Epstein, they said, manipulated the stock price by opening a number of brokerage accounts to execute false trades and artificially inflate the price of Emery stock. “As the puppet master of Emery stock fraud, Epstein was making sizeable profits off his trading on insider information,” the lawsuit states.

The victims’ complaint states that prosecutors offered Hoffenberg a reduced sentence in exchange for divulging information about his co-conspirators, but Hoffenberg didn’t provide any intel on Epstein—until his lawsuit in May 2016. It’s unclear why Hoffenberg didn’t implicate Epstein at the outset.

In an affidavit filed in the victims’ case, Hoffenberg says he was introduced to Epstein in the mid-1980s, when Epstein was running his own consulting company, International Assets Group Inc., from his New York apartment.

“Epstein and the corporations he formed were my co-conspirators,” Hoffenberg stated. “Epstein has remained free and has used and benefited from the ill-gotten gains he amassed as a result of his criminal and fraudulent activities.”

In a motion to dismiss, filed in September 2018, Moskowitz stated “Hoffenberg remains intent on shifting blame for his own massive Ponzi scheme.” The lawyer pointed to multiple other cases over the years where judges shut down Hoffenberg’s attempts to sue on behalf of TFC’s victims.

Again, Moskowitz argued the victims’ claims should be dismissed because the statute of limitations had passed. While the victims claim they knew nothing about Epstein’s involvement until recently, Moskowitz stated they should have known, given Vanity Fair’s 2003 feature that dug into Hoffenberg’s accusations.

Among other arguments for dismissal, Moskowitz said the victims’ complaint states Epstein’s firm, The Financial Trust Company, was formed in 1996—several years before the Ponzi scheme in question.

In October 2018, Gerber and Koenig voluntarily dismissed their complaint, without prejudice, leaving them open to filing claims in the future.

TIP OF THE ICEBERG

Even as Epstein faces sex-trafficking charges in New York, other cases threaten to further expose the financier.

In Florida, a judge has ruled that Acosta’s 2007 plea deal with Epstein violated the Crime Victims’ Rights Act because it was brokered in secret, without the knowledge of the young women involved. While the government’s attorneys are recommending that the plea deal should be upheld—to protect the privacy of the women, they say, as well as the monetary settlements some have won against Epstein, who agreed not to contest damages—the judge has yet to issue a final ruling. Meanwhile, some alleged victims continue to press for the plea deal to be tossed and for Epstein to face federal charges in Florida—or for the files in the case to be made public.

Meanwhile, other alleged victims, in other locations, have started to emerge. A woman named Maria Farmerclaimed in April in an affidavit that Epstein sexually assaulted her at Les Wexner’s mansion in Ohio in 1996, and that he molested her 15-year-old sister in New Mexico. She also said that Dershowitz used to frequent Epstein’s Upper East Side mansion as girls in school uniforms paraded in for “modeling” calls. (Dershowitz denies the claims. Wexner and Epstein did not respond to requests for comment.)

And Virginia Giuffre—who claimed that as an underage teen, she was loaned out for sex by Epstein and his girlfriend, the British socialite Ghislaine Maxwell, to famous friends like Prince Andrew and Dershowitz (the two men deny it)—is at the center of a fight that could turn explosive. A defamation suit was brought against Giuffre by Maxwell, and settled before it got to court. But the Miami Herald and others have sued to have documents in the case unsealed—and just last week, the court agreed. In the ruling, the court warned the public that allegations in the documents were just that—accusations not yet proven. But such an admonition may hint at bombshells ahead for Epstein and his friends.

“I’ve known Jeff for fifteen years—terrific guy,” Trump told New York Magazine in 2002. “He’s a lot of fun to be with. It is even said that he likes beautiful women as much as I do, and many of them are on the younger side. No doubt about it—Jeffrey enjoys his social life.”

That “social life” will likely be on full display in Manhattan federal court in the months to come.

Jeffrey Epstein, Alan Dershowitz, and Pals Accused of Sex-Trafficking Ring

Read more at The Daily Beast.

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angrycollectordaze-me-blog · 5 years

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Essay代写：American progressive movement

下面为大家整理一篇优秀的essay代写范文- American progressive movement，供大家参考学习，这篇论文讨论了美国的进步主义运动。美国的进步主义运动是以追求社会正义为旗帜，由各界人士自发形成，自下而上的全国浪潮。关注的是经济现代化和政治民主化过程中的垄断和竞争，公正和效率，革新和稳定。特别是新闻领域的“黑幕揭发运动”曾经引起强烈反响，督促政府解决了相当一部分问题。

Historians generally refer to the political, economic and social reform movements that took place in the United States between 1880 and 1917 as the progressive movement. In nature, the progressive movement is a bourgeois reform movement with the main body of the middle class and the participation of all social classes. Its purpose is to eliminate various social disadvantages caused by the transition from "free" capitalism to monopoly capitalism in the United States and rebuild the social value system and economic order.

In the course of American social development, the civil war was obviously an important watershed, and its end provided an opportunity for American industrialization. Social change, bliss? Misfortune? "Fortune and misfortune depend on each other" -- once upon a time, this ancient Chinese philosophical proposition was proved in the distant North America. In the process of industrialization, the United States suffered from the so-called "industrial civilization syndrome" and suffered from a series of serious social problems, such as political corruption, moral anomie, the gap between the rich and the poor, violent labor conflicts and economic disorder. At the same time, the emergence of new industrial cities in the United States led to the predatory development and utilization of natural resources, resulting in a large number of forest and green land being swallowed up, and the city being surrounded by the black smoke and exhaust gas from factories.

Jacob rees, a prominent American muckraking journalist at the time, once reported on a violent case caused by poverty: a hungry and cold man wielding a butcher's knife in the streets of New York City, because he could no longer support his family and his young children were in hunger. Seeing the rich people dress up and spend money, this desperate father raised the blade of revenge to the society. The water in the Baltimore area smelled "like a hundred thousand skunks," the cuahoga river in Cleveland was "an open sewer running through the center of the city," and the sun over Pittsburgh "looked like copper through the black haze of soot."

In the production and sale of food and medicine, the production and sale of counterfeit goods are extremely rampant. Unclean food and harmful drugs seriously threaten people's health and life safety, while the public is kept in the dark. Food and drug companies' advertising campaigns are full of lies that allow the uninformed to take comfort in "delicacies" and "panaceas". The government's food inspectors have been bribed into turning a blind eye.

All of these show that the rapid expansion of the size of American cities and the increasing complexity of public affairs objectively require an efficient administrative agency to serve them. However, the old administrative agencies and management system have not been adjusted in time, resulting in opportunities for some politicians. Democracy they cronyism, trample, ACTS as the big capitalists, by selling all kinds of asylum, charter, project contract to earn a lot of political patronage and "protection", the illegal companies to evade tax, monopoly market, speculation in real estate, and even to open a brothel or casino, unruliness and at large.

Serious social problems have touched on the interests of various social classes, caused the general dissatisfaction of the lower and middle classes, and pushed the society to the whirlpool where all kinds of contradictions converge. At this point, the "progressives" were making the case for change.

The American progressive movement, with the pursuit of social justice as its banner, was spontaneously formed by people from all walks of life and was a national wave from bottom to top. The primary concerns are monopoly and competition, fairness and efficiency, innovation and stability in the process of economic modernization and political democratization. In particular, the "muckraking movement" in the news field once aroused strong repercussions and urged the government to solve a considerable part of the problems. In addition, the religious "social Gospel movement" and the female college graduates "social service movement" have played a significant role in strengthening neighbourhood cooperation, promoting class integration and harmonious social relations through the provision of living relief, cultural education and health services to the poor; They also offered Suggestions to the government on social reform, bridging the gap between the government and the underclass.

The second characteristic is the "caring principle". The main performance is to take care of the vulnerable groups in the society. On October 18, 1901, President Roosevelt took the risk of racial conflict and invited the famous black leader Booker t. Washington to the White House for dinner. His symbolic act of caring for the vulnerable social groups and a series of other administrative measures prompted the American government to gradually become fair and neutral in dealing with social frictions such as the confrontation between the rich and the poor, labor and capital, and black and white.

The third characteristic is the avant-garde role of intellectuals. Republican and democratic governments have sought to engage the intellectual elite. They know that intellectuals from the middle class want change, but they are also instinctively suspicious and resentful of radical movements among the people, preferring peaceful and gradual change. Many of these intellectuals actually took advantage of the protests by the people, hoping that the government would pay attention to their own opinions and take part in and play an important role in the government's reform. Most of the advocates of progressivism are accomplished scholars with unique insights, capable of writing and writing books for their reform cause, and able to win high academic status or social credibility. The aforementioned journalists tarbell and Sinclair, as well as Jane Adams, the female college graduate who created the social service, and the "social Gospel" theologians Washington gladden and walter rauschbusch are examples of public intellectuals.

In the progressive movement, the government also played a strong role in keeping the movement within the framework of the social system and avoiding violent revolution.

The problems faced by human beings are often similar or isomorphic. Today, both the United States and China are in a special historical period of social transformation, facing a series of problems affecting social harmony, such as political corruption, polarization between the rich and the poor, and moral anomies. China's reform should not only draw lessons from its own past, but also actively draw on the achievements of other civilizations with a broad vision and broad mind.

The experience of American progressivism shows the importance of social justice and public responsibility to social stability and harmonious development. It expresses a simple truth with facts: justice means progress, responsibility means stability. Only when social justice and responsibility are established first can all social strata live in harmony. For today's China, justice and responsibility is undoubtedly a reform banner with strong appeal, because China does have some problems in this respect. At present, China's wealth, natural resources, educational resources, economic opportunities and other resources have not yet achieved a completely reasonable distribution, there are some practical contradictions or hidden dangers. Therefore, to ensure the smooth progress of social transformation and economic construction, we must first constantly improve the situation of social injustice.

The more important revelation of progressivism lies in the establishment of direct government intervention in economic and social relations. It made Americans smarter politically, learned how to better play the regulatory and regulatory functions of the government, and formed a tradition of government regulation and intervention in economic life. Of course, China's reform must also rely on the power of the government, which must conform to public opinion and concentrate on solving the most popular problems. Government needs to pass legislation means fighting to establish institutional justice, judicial corruption, promote fair competition, concern for vulnerable groups, realize the education and equal employment opportunity, to ensure that the media supervision right, everyone is equal before the law, safeguard the social from all walks of life just, fair and open political participation rights, thus effectively resolve social friction, enhance social harmony and the socialist spiritual civilization construction, under the banner of justice concentrate the power of a pluralistic society, promote the system reform, to realize the sustainable development of social economy.

The success of American social transformation is not entirely due to the role of the government. In particular, the media is not only the source of the formation of public opinion, but also the carrier of the dissemination of public opinion, which plays an indispensable role in the country's social life. Although news reports do not have the coercive power of laws or decrees, they have a broad mass base and mass effect, which is enough to restrain individual behaviors from exceeding moral norms and supervise the government from breaking away from the track of democracy. The deepening of China's social transformation and reform objectively requires the news media to become a weapon to attack corruption and shoulder the historical mission of exercising the people's right to know and the right to be critical.

It is also the enlightenment of the progressive movement to attach importance to intellectuals. In the special period of social transformation, intellectuals often become the catalyst of social change. The intellectual's intellectual, ideological, social sensitivity and participation spirit is an important guarantee for the healthy development of society. The more intellectuals a nation has, the greater its hope and the brighter its future.

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usnewsaggregator-blog · 6 years

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Afghan Taliban Awash in Heroin Cash, a Troubling Turn for War

New Post has been published on https://usnewsaggregator.com/afghan-taliban-awash-in-heroin-cash-a-troubling-turn-for-war/

Afghan Taliban Awash in Heroin Cash, a Troubling Turn for War

“Without drugs, this war would have been long over,” President Ashraf Ghani of Afghanistan said recently. “The heroin is a very important driver of this war.”

At a time when the Taliban have been aggressively seizing territory from the government, particularly in opium-producing regions, the prospect of even more drug profits cuts to the heart of American commanders’ hopes of urging the Taliban to seek peace with the Afghan government.

“If an illiterate local Taliban commander in Helmand makes a million dollars a month now, what does he gain in time of peace?” one senior Afghan official said.

Photo

Afghans piling up opium products to be burned in the eastern city of Jalalabad this year. Credit Ghulamullah Habibi/European Pressphoto Agency

Another official, Gen. Abdul Khalil Bakhtiar, Afghanistan’s deputy interior minister in charge of the counternarcotics police, said the insurgents had used the growing insecurity of the past two years to establish more refining labs, and move them closer to the opium fields.

General Bakhtiar estimated last year that there were 400 to 500 labs in the country, mostly in regions controlled or contested by the Taliban. His forces have destroyed over 100 of them.

But then he admitted, “They can build a lab like this in one day.”

Zabihullah Mujahid, a Taliban spokesman, said the group “had nothing to do” with processing heroin, and denied that major laboratories existed in the areas under its control.

The Taliban have long profited from the opium trade by taxing and providing security for producers and smugglers. But increasingly, the insurgents are directly getting into every stage of the drug business themselves, rivaling some of the major cartels in the region — and in some places becoming indistinguishable from them.

Continue reading the main story

The opium economy in Afghanistan grew to about $3 billion in 2016, almost doubling the previous year’s total and amounting to about 16 percent of the country’s gross domestic product, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

The increase in processing means the Taliban have been able to take a greater share of the $60 billion that the global trade in the Afghan opium crop is estimated to be worth. Demand remains high in Europe and North America: Ninety percent of the heroin on the streets of Canada, and about 85 percent in Britain, can be traced to Afghanistan, the State Department says.

Despite the size of Afghanistan’s opium problem, not much is being done about it. Opium eradication or interception got little attention in the Trump administration’s new strategy for the Afghan war.

Various police forces bear the brunt of the drug war in Afghanistan, but are often complicit in the opium trade themselves, feeding corrupt networks within the Afghan government, both locally and nationally.

The fight to disrupt the flow of Afghan drugs to Western and regional capitals, and cash to the coffers of the Taliban, has largely fallen on a small police unit, the National Interdiction Unit, of about 450 to 600 commandos who are mentored by American Special Forces.

Photo

An Afghan National Police officer searching a car for drugs in southwestern Afghanistan. Credit Bryan Denton for The New York Times

“We have to merge these two things together — the counterterrorism and the counternarcotics. It has to go hand in hand, because if you destroy one, it is going to destroy the other,” said Javid Qaem, the Afghan deputy minister of counternarcotics.

Mr. Qaem said the situation could improve if opium crop eradication efforts factored more into the planning of security operations. He gave the example of Helmand Province, where eradication operations were attempted, but only started after this year’s crop had been harvested.

“In Helmand, we were targeting to do more than 2,000 to 3,000 hectares of eradication,” Mr. Qaem said. “We couldn’t do anything there, none at all, because Helmand was almost an active battlefield, the entire province.”

At the provincial level, counternarcotics officials have proved far from trustworthy, their directors often appointed by local strongmen or vulnerable to their influence.

Continue reading the main story

A senior counternarcotics official in Kabul, who spoke on condition of anonymity to avoid reprisals, recounted how the elite unit was painstakingly following a network of money launderers in one opium-rich province who were helping to import the chemicals needed for refining heroin. The officers finally had enough evidence to make a high-level arrest, nabbing one of the network’s leaders — only to lose him when a powerful police commander personally stepped in to set the suspect free. There was no recourse.

In that environment, the small National Interdiction Unit, sequestered in a secure mountainside base in Kabul, has been one of the surest bets in striking against the opium and heroin networks. And even that has not been foolproof: Its top commander was replaced recently for failing a polygraph test and “was probably leaking information to hostile forces,” according to a report by the U.S. Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction. The force also has a one-stop-shop justice center, advised by the British.

A United States Army Special Forces member working with the unit said advisers accompanied the Afghan force on about 30 percent of its operations. Those usually end up as larger-scale raids in Taliban areas, requiring a more complex approach.

“The Taliban derives its funding from the narcotics taxing, sales and trafficking,” said the adviser, who, like other Special Forces members, spoke on condition that his name not be used. “It is a priority: We are specifically after denying Taliban their revenue.”

The elite forces and their American advisers, often flying up to six helicopters from Kabul, operate at night. They land miles away from the target to avoid fire, and then make their way by foot.

Photo

Addicts gathered to smoke heroin at a park in Lashkar Gah in Helmand Province in Afghanistan. Credit Adam Ferguson for The New York Times

Still, the raids rarely, if ever, result in arrests; the suspects often flee as soon as they hear the motors. The operations last no more than a few hours, culminating with the torching of the drugs and equipment after a process of documentation.

There are other indicators that more opium is being processed within Afghanistan, officials say, including data from the drug seizures and the amount of chemicals needed for the processing.

In previous years, the amount of opium seized in Afghanistan would far outnumber, by at least five times, the processed morphine and heroin. In 2015, for example, about 30,000 kilograms, or 66,000 pounds, of opium was seized, compared with a little over 5,000 kilograms, or 11,000 pounds, of heroin and morphine combined.

Continue reading the main story

So far in 2017, the seizure numbers seem flipped, officials say: The amount of heroin and morphine, both requiring some level of processing, combined is almost double that of opium.

The Afghan government said that so far this year it had seized about 73 tons of the chemical precursors needed for processing. That number for all of 2015 was just a little over 1.4 tons of solid and close to 5,000 liters, or about 1,300 gallons, of liquid precursors. One recent shipment alone, which cleared customs and was caught being transferred to another vehicle when agents found it, could have made 15 tons of heroin.

If the initial data is any indication, the 2017 poppy harvest was another record year, Afghan officials say. Eradication was abysmal, with security forces unable to even raze fields in Sarobi, just 50 miles from the presidential palace in Kabul.

Mr. Qaem, the deputy minister, said that just as eradication efforts were about to begin in Kabul District, the district’s leadership was changed. And workers were hard to find: They had to be brought in from other provinces, as the local laborers would not destroy their neighbors’ fields.

But the biggest problem was hidden Taliban bombs, he said. Each day, before laborers could destroy the fields, demining teams had to first clear them of explosives.

“It seemed easy — it was Kabul,” Mr. Qaem said. “But it was tough. It was almost a war there, every day.”

Continue reading the main story

Original Article:

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#afghan #awash #heroin #taliban #troubling

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douchebagbrainwaves · 7 years

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FOR EXAMPLE, THE IDEA OF NATURAL SELECTION FOR THE FIRST TIME, REALIZING WITH SHOCK THAT THE PLAYERS WERE DELIBERATELY BUMPING INTO ONE ANOTHER, THAT SHOULD

This doesn't seem to be facing the big problem directly enough that you can filter present-day Fortran. If Moore's Law continues to put out, they will be 74 quintillion 73, 786, 976, 294, 838, 206, 464 times faster. Whatever you build, make it easy to attract such money. Here it is: a function applied to an argument of the wrong kind of people who could, if necessary, make it through a PhD program in French literature, but few professors of French literature could make it through are not average startups. Your boss is the point where they're used. Now the good news is, if you stop having them. All VCs look impressive to limited partners. Ultimately it comes down to it, he'll find it. The control systems inside machines used to be rare and valuable. As a founder, here's a thought experiment.

I describe, you'll probably get bad grades. C programmers. It may be time to fix that. They will use whatever language does the job. One of my tricks for generating startup ideas is not to try explicitly to, but they are. So what makes a good founder? People who fail to write novels, for example. But only a bit: willfulness, discipline, and ambition are all concepts almost as complicated as technology. They tend to peter out.

But a test that excludes Steve Jobs, Larry Ellison, Michael Dell, Jeff Bezos, Gordon Moore. If undergrads were all bad programmers, the more we'll see multiple companies doing the same thing, and for the first time, you know what you're talking about, you help everyone who uses your solution. Money is a side effect of making them work on anything they don't want to follow or lead. It was like having a new mother. This is partly because great things are usually also novel, but mainly because users have other things to think about installing new operating systems. My goal is not to say they were, and most VCs weren't interested in investments so small. The solution to this puzzle is to remember that it's an accident that it thus helps identify this spam. Apple I when Woz first started working on them discover a new kind of computer called a Sun that was a hard sell. Big Cheese I knew from the old-fashioned robber baron business world got incorporated into the startup world want to believe that a partnership with a big company.

So a plan that promises freedom at the expense of knowing what to do in the movie business. Not for the first couple generations. Don't worry about people stealing your ideas. But pausing first to convince yourself, then all that code is there because it has to be good, you seem to be a general consensus about which problems are hard and which are easy. Gradually our machines consist more and more programs may turn out to have been cheerful and eager. And yet Miller's metaphor stuck so well that you envision the scene for yourself. It was a sign of a company that took 6 years to go public are usually rather stretched, and that the most important places for learning about new languages like Perl, Python, and even so we witness a constant series of explosions as these two volatile components combine.

I've found myself nostalgic for the old days was a pretty nice guy, but at least they'd see everything. After a while you get tired and start to do more than start to count on investors saving you. I know said flatly: I would not claim at least, is tapped out. For most of the noise is caused by the fan. But that gives them confidence to keep working on the company. Vcs invest in startups Y Combinator has a rule against investing in startups with only one founder. And in fact, investors greatly prefer it if you let them run the company. As always, business has clung to old forms. Suburbia means half the population can live like kings in that respect. When you notice a whiff of dishonesty coming from some kind of treat, I'll take services over goods any day. You want the deal to close even after they say yes.

If even someone with the corresponding job title. And the things I always tell startups is a principle I learned from meeting Sama is that the first yuppies worked in fields where corrupt tests select a lame elite. This sort of change tends to create deadlock, and partly to get exactly what we wanted. But the better you do, surprise, you've got a company. The best one can say is that 99. For example, in purely financial terms, there is something even better: Live in the future and build what's missing into something even better than C; and plug-and-such posts, which are Lisp data structures. They tend to peter out. That gets you James Bond, who knows what to do when they're 12, and just glide along as if they were doing—particularly that the better a job they did of analyzing it, this seems a grim view of the world. He was as good an OS for servers as Solaris. The one saving grace was that English courses tend to favor pompous, dull writers like Henry James, who deserve black marks against their names anyway. Originally the editor put button bars across the page, for example, the mail from Egypt got nailed because the uppercase text made it look to the filter like a Nigerian spam.

Notes

Record labels, for example, if you do. A deal flow, then work on projects that improve the world. If you're a YC startup and you might see something like the increase in economic inequality is not economic inequality as a symptom, there is at pains to point out, it's cool with us if the public conversation about women consists of fighting, their voices.

We once put up posters around Harvard saying Did you know whether you're in the aggregate are overpaid. Trevor Blackwell reminds you to remain in denial about your fundraising prospects. The fancy version of this talk became Why Startups Condense in America.

So although it works on all the poorer countries. In that case the money.

If you want to either.

I'm not saying that the feature was useless, but its value was as much effort on sales. It did. I mean no more unlikely than it was 10 years ago.

If you're expected to do sales yourself initially. For similar reasons it might be able to resist this urge.

In sufficiently disordered times, even if the founders: agree with them. It doesn't happen often. And while it is very common, but those specific abuses. If idea clashes got bad enough, even in their early twenties compressed into the shape of the problem is not very far along that trend yet.

You're investing your own time, is caring what random people thought of them. On the other sense of not starving then you should make what they meant. Steve Wozniak started out by Mitch Kapor, is not one of them agreed with everything in it.

If Ron Conway had been transposed into your bodies. Believe it or not, bleeding out invites at a party school will inevitably arise. It's possible that companies will one day be able to buy corporate bonds to market faster; the critical path that they don't have a different type of x.

And that is more important. But that means the slowdown that comes from.

What people will give you money for.

Thanks to Steve Huffman, Rich Draves, Harj Taggar, Dan Bloomberg, and Sarah Harlin for inviting me to speak.

#automatically generated text #Markov chains #Paul Graham #Python #Patrick Mooney #quintillion #startup #deal #kind #founders #rule #Harlin #Ron

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politicoscope · 4 years

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Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

New Post has been published on https://www.politicoscope.com/hosni-mubarak-biography-and-profile/

Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

Hosni Mubarak Early Life

Hosni Mubarak Biography and Profile

Mubarak head of the air force academy

Mubarak Isolated From Arab and Muslim Countries

Hosni Mubarak Trial

Hosni Mubarak Trial in Court

He has steadfastly argued his innocence – telling a retrial in August that that he was approaching the end of his life “with a good conscience”.

In March 2017 Egypt’s top appeals court upheld Mr Mubarak’s acquittal and he went free, for the first time in six years.

Mubarak: Egypt’s Quasi-Military Leader

Critics said the election was heavily weighted in favour of Mr Mubarak and the National Democratic Party (NDP). They accused the Egyptian leader of presiding over a sustained campaign of suppressing.

‘History will judge me’

Why Was Mubarak Overthrown?

“Egypt and I shall not be parted until I am buried in her soil,” he said. He was arrested two months later.

A trial began in August 2011, the sight of Mubarak in a courtroom cage captivating viewers.

Egyptian Revolution of 2011

The following day Vice-President Omar Suleiman made a terse announcement saying Mr Mubarak was stepping down and the military’s supreme council would run the country.

Mohamed Mursi Won the Presidency

As Sisi launched a crackdown on the Brotherhood that critics said was more severe than anything under Mubarak, the case against the former president was dropped in 2014.

Hosni Mubarak Death

Hosni Mubarak Net Worth

Hosni Mubarak spoke out and said:

How Old is Hosni Mubarak?

Hosni Mubarak was 91 years when he died on Tuesday 25 February 2020.

Hosni Mubarak’s Family

Hosni Mubarak’s Spouse: Suzanne Mubarak (m. 1959). Hosni Mubarak’s Grandchildren: Omar Alaa Mubarak, Mahmoud Gamal Mubarak, Farida Gamal Mubarak, Mohammed Mubarak.

Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak Biography and Profile

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