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#PROTECT ARNE AT ALL COSTS
zfunds · 10 months
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Every intermediary needs an ARN code, Register yourself
Arn Code in mutual fund 
An application reference number is referred to as ARN. Each certified mutual fund distributor or expert is given a different number that they can use to trade in different schemes.
WHY is ARN CODE required?
Everyone has heard the television commercial phrase, "Mutual fund investments are subject to market risk." But that doesn't mean one can't take greater precautions to lower the danger. Therefore, it is the intermediary's responsibility to inform and educate the investor about the potential hazards. The interests of all parties to the transaction will be protected in this way.
To protect investors, SEBI and AMFI take several steps. One such step entails requiring distributors to get an ARN code. For instance, the National Institute of Securities Markets (NISM) certification is required by the Association of Mutual Funds in India (AMFI) for all intermediaries engaged in the sale or marketing of mutual funds. They must sign up with AMFI to acquire certification after passing the exam.
How to get an ARN code?
Computer Age Management Services Pvt. Ltd. (CAMS) handles the registration processing and ARN issuance on behalf of AMFI.
The form on which intermediaries should apply is specified. It is accessible online and in the AMFI and CAMS offices. 
From the CAMS online service, you may also apply.
Send the application form and the acknowledgment from Know Your Dealer (KYD). 
The person must physically produce the KYD application form after applying for it.
A copy of the intermediary's NISM certification, an Aadhaar card, a PAN card, verification of a bank account, and two passport-size photos are required.
The cost is Rs. 3,540 for individuals and seniors, including GST. For corporations and other entities, there will be different costs and documents.
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So i missed Arn’s Hey (Ew) because I was that Sunday. And I adore him and he must be protected at all costs. He’s trying to give a fun and somewhat honest interview with RJ 😂. Asking if Woodrow Wilson’s wife was hot. Talking about the start of his career. Making jokes with double meanings and telling RJ to drink wine before he watches it back.
Do I need to write a fic where the OC is a family friend of Arn’s and Brock? Probably.
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kyber-heart · 3 years
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One thing I apparently missed in the livestream is that Charles was mentioning the possibilty of Arn being a romance in future updates (but not this one).
Is that actually something people have been asking for? 
I’m not against it, in fact I had an idea about it before but I never felt sure of it really. I guess I just see him more as young kid that needs to be protected at all costs who can kill slavers as a treat 👀
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essosx-blog · 4 years
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bokugaos · 3 years
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im watching conjuring 3: the devil made me do it AND I NEVER KNEW THAT THE KID IS LUKE CRAIN
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Student Nandu Loan
Call Us: (888)489-6629
Prominent news destinations routinely post articles about the "understudy advance air pocket" or "understudy credit emergency" with shifting degrees of caution at the issue and varying points of view on the causes and arrangements. Later legislative reports from the U.S. Government Accountability Office and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau give some superb hard information that will probably lure numerous columnists persevering moderate news days to compose another cluster of articles on the point (like this astounding article):
Understudy advance obligation (presently about $1.2 trillion) trails contracts for the biggest class of buyer obligation in the United States.[1]
Appraisals show that over 25% of understudy advance borrowers are reprobate on their advance installments or as of now in default.[2]
With respect to different sorts of customer obligation, understudy borrowers report higher pain levels concerning their understudy credit debt.[3]
Information demonstrates roughly half of government understudy credit borrowers are qualified for money based reimbursement choices, yet just about 20% of qualified people take an interest in salary based plans.[4]
From financial year 2010 to 2014, borrowers with standard reimbursement designs defaulted at a 14% rate, yet borrowers selected in pay based reimbursement defaulted under 1% of the time.[5]
In this way, it creates the impression that pay based reimbursement choices are successful in averting misconduct, default, and conceivably even undue trouble for the individuals who enlist. The information (and much open objection) proposes that advance servicers might be essentially culpable for the understudy advance emergency since credit servicers are not appropriately illuminating borrowers of chances to enlist in pay based reimbursement plans.[6] Certainly advance servicers may merit a portion of the fault, however setting excessively fault with servicers resembles considering roofers responsible for a house's spilling rooftop and its disintegrating establishment: similarly as a roofer was not associated with laying a defective house establishment, advance servicers are acquiring advances that have past central issues because of different issues that have nothing to do with adjusting deficiencies.
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My conflict isn't that writers aren't right to reveal insight into the real weaknesses of advance servicers. Or maybe, the issue is that the national discussion about the understudy credit emergency is frequently so barely centered around one a player in the advance issue that it ignores the more prominent fundamental issues that have established a flimsy framework for the whole advance industry. It is [arguably] fairly simple to settle the advance servicer issue (i.e. expect servicers to give borrowers the fundamental data in numerous arrangements and give fitting motivating forces). It isn't so natural to settle the understudy credit emergency all in all.
This is a non-far reaching rundown of critical components adding to the understudy credit emergency:
The ascent of [predatory] revenue driven universities that regularly target low-pay, minority, and veteran understudy populaces for scholarly projects with low acquiring potential.
Generally exceptional acquiring patterns for understudies at 2-year establishments.
Soaring educational cost costs at for all intents and purposes all advanced education establishments.
The waiting general impacts of the budgetary emergency of 2008.
Preposterously high most extreme obtaining sums.
The bewildering number of befuddling and confused reimbursement alternatives. 
States have been lessening their financing for advanced education
The 2008 budgetary fall should fill in as a recorded beacon advised against overlooking critical financial issues previously they end up unavoidable monetary risks. The different fundamental reasons for the 2008 money related fall caution us that issues of incredible size can't be distorted to revile only one class of industry performing artists: a far reaching way to deal with change is important.
Lamentably, I need certainty the understudy credit emergency will turn out to be quantifiably better before 2017. The political posing for the 2016 presidential decision year has just started, and the present White House likely needs to abstain from making conceivably disliked waves the Democratic presidential hopeful may need to ride out until race day. Furthermore, the ongoing renunciation of U.S. Bureau of Education Secretary Arne Duncan (who won't actually be supplanted) could be a flag the division may abstain from taking any new questionable positions all through the rest of the current presidential term.
The ongoing government contemplates referenced above give amazing information to help in shaping answers for the understudy advance emergency.
News sources are consistently tending to the issue, regardless of whether just in passing.
The overall population is by all accounts developing in familiarity with the issues. 
The maltreatment of numerous revenue driven schools are progressively drawing open investigation and some administration activity.
Congressional delegates like Sen. Elizabeth Warren are requesting that change happens.
Presidential competitors are, at any rate, giving lip administration to understudy advance change. Maybe some of them are not kidding about it.
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driftwork · 3 years
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a meeting about hats (2), main body...
The three of them sit on chairs around a white oval, supercircular  Arne Jakobson table, the wooden chairs  are sculptured plywood seats, beech and birch with aluminum frames and wooden arms. There are paper documents in piles and  a small router on the table.  Park moves all the documents in their piles from the table to her desk, She then pours tea into the cups. "Go ahead, speak, what do you want?"  Through the glass wall Sik watches her PA, Nancy,  serving the other teas to her assistants. Beyond that he can see the Japanese woman, holding the cups of coffee in front of her, standing talking to someone sitting invisibly in another office, she is gesturing towards Park's office, he doesn’t know she is talking about amazons with the person inside, he thinks she is talking about them, before carrying the cups into the office. Seo breathed in deeply and began to confess: "The reason we are here is that we have a problem, we," gesturing at the man ,  including him in the we and by extension some other unnamed people,  "made a mistake,"  she breathes deeply, conscious that she is delaying the inevitable of explaining what happened. "We have been negotiating a contract with a Chinese group.  It's a big contract, with constraints and long term  commitments.  We thought we were looking for an excuse that both sides, all sides, were in the process of backing away from the contract. We had incorporated some software and hardware from Magrid's software company,  this we thought would encourage the Chinese to back away. They had included some governmental references to discourage us.  Then, in what was meant to be a final coup de grace we dropped K into the contract as part of the software and hardware part of the contract,  we thought this would enable us and perhaps them to back away from the pre-contractual commitment... We (mistakenly) thought that the increased money that was part of this would result in a cancellation of the project. We knew from other discussions that this should have worked. But instead they said yes.  Signed the provisional letter of intent and we don't know why.  We don't know why, but now we have to go forward with this. So we are here to beg your forgiveness for our mistake and presumption.  We really didn't mean to involve you in this, it was not planned, we were not trying to involve you in council affairs. The only way to stop this now is if you say no. In which case they could invoke the penalty clauses, but before this  I thought we should confess…"
Park gestured at Nancy to join them and asked her to sit down, read and review them.  She (Park) started looking through her set of documents. Reading  the summaries, then opening the documents and looking at the detail.  Who are these people that they would involve me in this ?  He handed her the company brochure and reports. (How unreliable the reported speech is, always indirect, always full of complex instruction sets that she had spent ten years away from, and here  she is sitting in an office  with  people who  wanted to  entrap her  in their order words.) She looked up from the abstracts.  Thinking that this was a big project, and wondered how they imagined that involving K in this would enable them to back away from the project. Whilst speech and reading took place for hours after this point,  haunted by the thought of her desire to harm them, we should not imagine that it is necessary or mattered. Lunch was hastily ordered and was brought into the room by one of Nancy's assistants.  The order-words the visitors produced from within their desperate position were scarcely words at all. Each ideological unit dropping onto the table to be considered. The woman from Japan and her partners continued to confess, a touch of desperation hidden in their words and postures. Admitting that they had misjudged the situation and that they should have spoken to her before. Her hesitancy and the openness of the Japanese conceits may have protected them from her sisters wrath. She, Park has stopped looking through the abstracts and is sighing deeply, not listening to any of the excuses and justifications they are repeating, instead she is staring at a photo of the CEO, she asks some questions about their dealings with him. As they answer Park is still looking at pictures of the man not really listening to their replies.   [Instead Park is remembering killing a man and his bodyguard on the eleventh floor of a hotel in Shanghai about 15 or so years ago, stepping out into the corridor and finding herself face to face, unmasked looking at a Chinese man in his 30s holding his baby in his arms. She remembered saying to him,  your child ? He said yes. I just killed a man in 11a.... Don't call the police for an hour.  Call them before and  I'll come back and kill you.  No public interviews about seeing me. It wouldn't be safe for you. It was less then six months before the Osaka killings...]   My personal history gets more complicated by the day, she thinks, perhaps she said this aloud, she is never sure.  She tapped the photograph again and again.  Hearing what they are saying but not responding or caring. Uncharacteristically she buried her face in her hands. And she said into her hands.  "We can always run if we have to.  Then to them, you really owe me for this. (What does he want from me, I'll see.) You will need to beg for forgiveness, forgiveness, favors and  apologies. There may be other things.  Park stopped speaking, smiled, a wintry smile that hinted of death and other strange desires. Seo said, she wrote it down on the note book in front of her. " We thought, I did, that he'd think you were a risk, too small, and he would close the contract offering down."  Seo said. Idiot,  Chan and K work together, we run his european security for him. have known, been acquainted,  with each other for a few years. We were forced to do so by the police, the governments i think.  If you had done this properly Franz would have told you. I should have killed him  in Shanghai,  Actually he is probably the unmentioned start of everything.  Park shrugs and stretches to relieve the tension in her shoulders, her body.  [Everyone except for  Sam, looking at Seo, thinking Oh Seo,  she thinks it was Osaka but really Osaka was because I didn't kill him in Shanghai, I didn't want to.  My father would have beaten me if I'd told him. It was only after Osaka that he couldn't....]  Park shook her head  violently ignoring her questions, her hands  ruffling her hair. Ah fuch (amused at her use of english) stupid.  You have ruined my becoming invisible, putting us at risk, I wonder who else knows....   Seo confessed, We really misjudged this.  The scale of her concern rising again at this unrecognized behavior.  "I can't believe you did this.  I'd probably want to kill you if it wasn't for Suki and him." She waved behind her,  gesturing to the north.   She looked at Seo and considered whether she could tell her about Chan and asks Nancy if she has any initial thoughts.  It looks promising if this is accurate. We need more information.  Is this for K?  That's right, for K.  Can K make money out of this with minimal acceptable risk?   And you?  Not me I have too much money already,  if we get any richer he'll get annoyed with me. [Sam  might think this is funny. She thought Her words and consciousness are  a social-ideological fact] This would need to be structured so I don't make anything out of it... Sik looked at Seo, who was trying to hide her surprise at strange turn of the discussion.  Park continued, Could you, brief everyone in detail  tomorrow?   And then if Nancy signs it off , the board. ..Why are you asking me to sign it off ? Nancy asked. My personal history is too involved in this, I am too close and my judgement is too suspect. So Jeremy and Jake are level 3 acceptance? Yes and anyone else you can think of who'll be helpful.  Osaka then. Nancy said smiling at her. Park nodded. Yes  they, you  need to say yes and any numbers and questions will need addressing... Sik said, as you'll see the software aspect is crucial for us. We can bring in Magrid's software people to explain that aspect next week.  Nancy said, Wait a second, and looked seriously at Park. We need to talk about this now. And then to him Monday morning at 10 AM would be good.  Nancy looked at Sik and Seo, some rules, if software don't sign it off, the deal ends.  Anything doesn't get past the board the deals off. Do you understand ?  No costs for K as we have not signed anything yet.  Could you leave  us for a few minutes, I need to speak privately with Park. Go and have some tea.
Seo looked back into the room, whilst Sik was opening a packet of biscuits.  That went well. I feel quite hopeful.
They  were both looking serious. Most of what they said doesn't matter.  I don't want to run Nancy. That has to be my last option.  She confessed. I don't even know anymore, if  I can  even know when to run. There are somethings you don't know here,  which Jean doesn't know but probably you should tell her, if we had ever had to run because of them,  He is actually one of the places where we could run to now.  Then let's make sure you don't have to.  This has nothing to do with us,  you understand that don't you.  Yes, I don't even know why this happened. I'll do the preliminary work here and we'll arrive at something that guarantees your safety, our safety, perhaps even their safety. They need to think that we are doing this because K wants to be involved. She smiles bitterly. If  this is feasible and works invite Chan here to sign  any contract,  he knows I cannot leave the country... She paused... If your people don't want K to do this. Then I understand.  Nancy looked over  towards them.  Why didn't they speak to you, us about this. She liked the way Nancy said us. I have no idea.
Here then we see them arriving in London, already capitalists, gangsters having passed through the looking-glass.  Asking that a woman who lives inside a , is a war-machine helps them to stay and live on this side of the looking glass.. 
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caveartfair · 6 years
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When Can Artists Bend Ethics for Art’s Sake?
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Sophie Calle, Suite Vénitienne, 1980. “At the end of January 1980, on the streets of Paris, I followed a man whom I lost sight of a few minutes later in the crowd. That very evening, quite by chance, he was introduced to me at an opening. During the course of our conversation, he told me he was planning an imminent trip to Venice. So I decided to follow him.” © Sophie Calle / ADAGP, Paris & ARS, New York, 2018. Courtesy of Perrotin.
What right does an artist have to use other people in their work—to invade their lives, violate their privacy, or cause them harm? What will we forgive in the name of art?
These are the questions I was asking a decade ago when, for a graduate performance art class taught by Tania Bruguera, I paid a classmate $1 to befriend my best friend Laura and write reports on how she thought Laura was coping after a recent break-up. At our final class, I passed around a folder containing these reports and a photocopy of the $1 check I’d written. The folder reached Laura last. I watched across the table as she read the document of my simultaneous care and betrayal.
I got an A for the class, but lost my friend. It was a horrible thing to do, but I was 21 and obsessed with Sophie Calle and the line between art and life. Since the 1970s, Calle has repeatedly invited us to question whether artists should be held to the same standards as other people. In viewing her work, we must ask whether invading someone’s privacy or betraying their trust is an acceptable emotional cost to art.
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Sophie Calle, The Hotel, 1981. “On Monday February 16, 1981, I was hired as a temporary chambermaid for three weeks in a Venetian hotel. I was assigned twelve bedrooms on the fourth floor. In the course of my cleaning duties, I examined the personal belongings of the hotel guests and observed through details lives which remained unknown to me. On Friday March 6, the job came to an end.” © Sophie Calle / ADAGP, Paris & ARS, New York, 2018. Courtesy of Perrotin.
In 1979, Calle followed a man she’d met at an art opening in Paris to Venice, where she spent two weeks spying on and photographing him as he went about his business in the city. She presented the images alongside text detailing both her observations and emotions during the period, as Suite Vénitienne. This man, identified only as Henri B., was the first unwitting participant to Calle’s artistic game.
In 1983, she found a lost address book on the street and photocopied the contents before returning it. She then telephoned each of the contacts to question them on the identity of the owner, and published her findings as a series (“The Address Book”) in the French newspaper Libération. The owner, the documentary filmmaker Pierre Baudry, threatened to sue her, wrote open letters to Libération, and eventually sent the paper a nude photo of Calle that he demanded they publish as retaliation. This literal tit-for-tat response to her exposure of his identity did not perturb Calle; she ultimately incorporated it into the piece.
For The Hotel (1983), Calle worked as a chambermaid, exploring and documenting the private belongings and writings of hotel guests. Observing this piece, we experience both Calle’s curiosity and the unsettling thought that, at every hotel we have ever stayed in, our own possessions might have been subjected to similar scrutiny. What might someone like Calle have learned from our nightgowns and slippers, our diaries and postcards? How might she have misinterpreted us?
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Sophie Calle, Suite Vénitienne, 1980. © Sophie Calle / ADAGP, Paris & ARS, New York, 2018. Courtesy of Perrotin.
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Neighbors #14, 2012. Arne Svenson Robert Klein Gallery
A crucial element of these early pieces is Calle’s involvement of the viewer in her transgressions. By inviting us to immerse ourselves in the narratives of her observations, she makes us complicit in her voyeurism—even as we question it. It is not just Calle invading these strangers’ privacy and observing their lives without consent, but us, too. We may not agree with her methods, but by engaging with the work, we find ourselves tacitly condoning it.
Decades later, though, the question that still hangs over these pieces is whether or not they were ethical. Did Henri B., Pierre Baudry, or those hotel guests have a right to privacy? Can any of us expect to be protected from the artist’s gaze?
In 2013, Arne Svenson caused a Calle-like controversy for using a telephoto lens to take photos of his Manhattan neighbors, later exhibiting the work in a local gallery. Svenson was sued, but won the case based on his First Amendment rights, and “The Neighbors” went on to be exhibited across the country. Though the discussion continues as to whether Svenson’s photographs of families, children, pets, and intimate, private spaces is ethically acceptable, the judge’s ruling makes clear that legally, at least artists have a right to invade aspects of our privacy.
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Santiago Sierra, 160 CM LINE TATTOOED ON 4 PEOPLE, El Gallo Arte Contemporaneo. Salamanca, Spain. December 2000, 2000. © Santiago Sierra. Courtesy of Lisson Gallery.
Considered in conjunction with conversations about digital surveillance, data protection, and online privacy—not to mention random strangers who might be livetweeting intimate exchanges—this ruling might seem rather scary. Belgian artist Dries Depoorter uses digital technology to explore this fear. For Tinder In (2015), Depoorter traced women (and some men) who appeared on his Tinder app to their LinkedIn profiles, then displayed and published their profile pictures from each side by side, pointing out both the ease with which individuals can be traced, and the split-personalities of online identities.
The interesting thing about all of these pieces is that, while their controversy lies in the question of an individual’s right to privacy, the works themselves actually reveal very little about their subjects. In reading the texts accompanying Calle’s work, we learn much more about the stalker than the stalked. It’s easy to understand the sense of invasion felt by Henri B. and Pierre Baudry, as well as Svenson’s neighbors and Depoorter’s Tinder matches, but perhaps the true grievance is that the artists have used these strangers’ images and identities to create works that have nothing to do with them.
Spanish artist Santiago Sierra’s use of anonymous individuals raises similar ethical questions, though rather than invading their privacy, he asks them to submit to him bodily. For 160cm Line Tattooed on 4 People (2000), he paid heroin-addicted prostitutes the price of a shot of the drug to allow him to tattoo them. For Group of Persons Facing a Wall (2002), he paid homeless women the price of a night in a hostel to stand facing a gallery wall. And for 10 People Paid to Masturbate (2000), he paid workers $20 to masturbate in front of a camera.
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Santiago Sierra, 10 PEOPLE PAID TO MASTURBATE, Tejadillo Street, Havana, Cuba. November 2000, 2000. © Santiago Sierra. Courtesy of Lisson Gallery.
Unlike Calle, Svenson, and Depoorter, Sierra does seek consent from his subjects, but the nature of this consent is highly questionable. These pieces draw attention to the exploitative, transactional nature of our society, pointing to the commodification of bodies and exposing the power structures that operate within our everyday lives. Conceptually and politically, the works might be seen as noble, but in actually using the bodies of vulnerable individuals, Sierra must enact the very exploitation and dehumanization he critiques. He forces us to ask if it is okay for an artist to use people. Can the end justify the means?
In 1992, Paul Auster based a character in his novel Leviathan on Sophie Calle, borrowing some of her works as well as inventing new ones. This depiction of Calle is heavily critiqued in Chris Kraus’s autofictional novel I Love Dick (1997); she claims Auster’s version of Calle is “a waif-like creature relieved of complications like ambition and career.” Ironically, this criticism—that using a real person as the subject for art strips that person of their individuality and complexities—can be levelled just as fairly at Suite Vénitienne, The Address Book, and The Hotel. Like Auster, Calle presents her subjects as simplified versions of themselves, and treats them like fictional characters in a narrative she remains in control of.
It is, I think, this relieving of complications that is most disturbing and, in the end, most painful. Should we find ourselves the subject of an artist’s gaze, most of us would like them to see the whole of us, to render us fairly and try to understand our complexities. Unfortunately, the artist’s motive is often more to do with projecting or reflecting a part of themselves rather than reaching an empathetic understanding of their subjects. What they were looking for, really, is a mirror.
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Dries Depoorter, Tinder In, 2015. Courtesy of the artist.
In the play between the private and the public, artists have both the ability and the right to provoke, shock, and disturb. What we often fail to recognize, however, is that by giving them a platform, it is us as viewers who have bestowed this position of power upon them. By consuming and applauding Calle’s early works, we effectively opened our own curtains to Svenson and gave our profile photos to Depoorter. Perhaps the question is not whether artists have the right to invade our privacy or cause us harm, but why we’ve allowed them to.
I’m not proud of what I did to Laura back in grad school. A decade later, I’m appalled by my callousness and can hardly remember my own justifications. But I do remember the surprise I felt at her anger. I remember expecting her to understand, wanting her to acknowledge my cleverness, to think about the nuances of privacy and trust, and sense as I did the precarious power wielded by the word “art.” I wonder if it is this kind of optimistic thinking that drives Calle and other artists. For those who have devoted their lives to their work, perhaps it doesn’t seem so extraordinary for them to imagine others should be willing to devote theirs, too.
from Artsy News
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globalmediacampaign · 3 years
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Export and import data from Amazon S3 to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL
You can build highly distributed applications using a multitude of purpose-built databases by decoupling complex applications into smaller pieces, which allows you to choose the right database for the right job. Amazon Aurora is the preferred choice for OLTP workloads. Aurora makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. This post demonstrates how you can export and import data from Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL-Compatible Edition to Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) and shares associated best practices. The feature to export and import data to Amazon S3 is also available for Amazon Aurora MySQL-Compatible Edition. Overview of Aurora PostgreSQL-Compatible and Amazon S3 Aurora is a MySQL-compatible and PostgreSQL-compatible relational database built for the cloud. It combines the performance and availability of traditional enterprise databases with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of open-source databases. Amazon S3 is an object storage service that offers industry-leading scalability, data availability, security, and performance. This means customers of all sizes and industries can use it to store and protect any amount of data. The following diagram illustrates the solution architecture. Prerequisites Before you get started, complete the following prerequisite steps: Launch an Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster. You can also use an existing cluster. Note: To export data to Amazon S3 from Aurora PostgreSQL, your database must be running one of the following PostgreSQL engine versions 10.14 or higher, 11.9 or higher ,12.4 or higher Launch an Amazon EC2 instance that you installed the PostgreSQL client on. You can also use the pgAdmin tool or tool of your choice for this purpose. Create the required Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies and roles: Create an IAM policy with the least-restricted privilege to the resources in the following code and name it aurora-s3-access-pol. The policy must have access to the S3 bucket where the files are stored (for this post, aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01). { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": [ "s3:GetObject", "s3:AbortMultipartUpload", "s3:DeleteObject", "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts", "s3:PutObject", "s3:ListBucket" ], "Resource": [ "arn:aws:s3:::aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01/*", "arn:aws:s3:::aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01" ] } ] } Create two IAM roles named aurora-s3-export-role and aurora-s3-import-role and modify the trust relationships according to the following code. AssumeRole allows Aurora to access other AWS services on your behalf. {"Version": "2012-10-17","Statement": [ { "Effect": "Allow","Principal": { "Service": "rds.amazonaws.com" },"Action": "sts:AssumeRole" } ] } Attach the policy aurora-s3-access-pol from the previous step. For this post, we create the roles aurora-s3-export-role and aurora-s3-import-role. Their associated ARNs are arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aurora-s3-export-role and arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aurora-s3-import-role, respectively. Associate the IAM roles to the cluster. This enables the Aurora DB cluster to access the S3 bucket. See the following code: aws rds add-role-to-db-cluster --db-cluster-identifier aurora-postgres-cl --feature-name s3Export --role-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aurora-s3-export-role aws rds add-role-to-db-cluster --db-cluster-identifier aurora-postgres-cl --feature-name s3Import --role-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/aurora-s3-import-role You’re now ready to explore the following use cases of exporting and importing data. Export data from Aurora PostgreSQL to Amazon S3 To export your data, complete the following steps: Connect to the cluster as the primary user, postgres in our case.By default, the primary user has permission to export and import data from Amazon S3. For this post, you create a test user with the least-required permission to export data to the S3 bucket. See the following code: psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -d pg1 -U postgres Install the required PostgreSQL extensions, aws_s3 and aws_commons. When you install the aws_s3 extension, the aws_commons extension is also installed: CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS aws_s3 CASCADE; Create the user testuser (or you can use an existing user): create user testuser; password testuser; You can verify the user has been created with the du command: du testuser List of roles Role name | Attributes | Member of -----------+------------+----------- testuser | | {} Grant privileges on the aws_s3 schema to testuser (or another user you chose): grant execute on all functions in schema aws_s3 to testuser; Log in to the cluster as testuser: psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -d pg1 -U testuser Create and populate a test table called apg2s3_table, which you use for exporting data to the S3 bucket. You can use any existing table in your database (preferably small size) to test this feature. See the following code: CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table ( bid bigint PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(80) ); Insert a few records using the following statement: INSERT INTO apg2s3_table (bid,name) VALUES (1, 'Monday'), (2,'Tuesday'), (3, 'Wednesday'); To export data from the Aurora table to the S3 bucket, use the aws_s3.query_export_to_s3 and aws_commons.create_s3_uri functions: We use the aws_commons.create_s3_uri function to load a variable with the appropriate URI information required by the aws_s3.query_export_to_s3 function. The parameters required by the aws_commons.create_s3_uri function are the S3 bucket name, the full path (folder and filename) for the file to be created by the export command, and the Region. See the following example code: SELECT aws_commons.create_s3_uri( 'aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01', 'apg2s3_table', 'us-east-1' ) AS s3_uri_1 gset Export the entire table to the S3 bucket with the following code: SELECT * FROM aws_s3.query_export_to_s3( 'SELECT * FROM apg2s3_table',:'s3_uri_1'); rows_uploaded | files_uploaded | bytes_uploaded ---------------+----------------+---------------- 3 | 1 | 31 (1 row) If you’re trying this feature out for the first time, consider using the LIMIT clause for a larger table. If you’re using a PostgreSQL client that doesn’t have the gset command available, the workaround is to call the aws_commons.create_s3_uri function inside of the aws_s3.query_export_to_s3 function as follows: SELECT * FROM aws_s3.query_export_to_s3( 'SELECT * FROM apg2s3_table', aws_commons.create_s3_uri( 'aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01', 'apg2s3_table','us-east-1')); rows_uploaded | files_uploaded | bytes_uploaded ---------------+----------------+---------------- 3 | 1 | 31 (1 row) The final step is to verify the export file was created in the S3 bucket. The default file size threshold is 6 GB. Because the data selected by the statement is less than the file size threshold, a single file is created: aws s3 ls s3://aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01/apg2s3_table --human-readable --summarize 2020-12-12 12:06:59 31 Bytes apg2s3_table Total Objects: 1 Total Size: 31 Bytes If you need the file size to be smaller than 6 GB, you can identify a column to split the table data into small portions and run multiple SELECT INTO OUTFILE statements (using the WHERE condition). It’s best to do this when the amount of data selected is more than 25 GB. Import data from Amazon S3 to Aurora PostgreSQL In this section, you load the data back to the Aurora table from the S3 file. Complete the following steps: Create a new table called apg2s3_table_imp: CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp( bid bigint PRIMARY KEY, name varchar(80) ); Use the create_s3_uri function to load a variable named s3_uri_1 with the appropriate URI information required by the aws_s3.table_import_from_s3 function: SELECT aws_commons.create_s3_uri( 'aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01', 'apg2s3_table','us-east-1') AS s3_uri_1 gset Use the aws_s3.table_import_from_s3 function to import the data file from an Amazon S3 prefix: SELECT aws_s3.table_import_from_s3( 'apg2s3_table_imp', '', '(format text)', :'s3_uri_1' ); Verify the information was loaded into the apg2s3_table_imp table: SELECT * FROM apg2s3_table_imp; Best practices This section discusses a few best practices for bulk loading large datasets from Amazon S3 to your Aurora PostgreSQL database. The observations we present are based on a series of tests loading 100 million records to the apg2s3_table_imp table on a db.r5.2xlarge instance (see the preceding sections for table structure and example records). We carried out load testing when no other active transactions were running on the cluster. Results might vary depending on your cluster loads and instance type. The baseline load included 100 million records using the single file apg2s3_table.csv, without any structural changes to the target table apg2s3_table_imp or configuration changes to the Aurora PostgreSQL database. The data load took approximately 360 seconds. See the following code: time psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "SELECT aws_s3.table_import_from_s3('apg2s3_table_imp','','(format CSV)','aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01','apg2s3_table.csv','us-east-1')" table_import_from_s3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table.csv of 3177777796 bytes (1 row) real 6m0.368s user 0m0.005s sys 0m0.005s We used the same dataset to implement some best practices iteratively to measure their performance benefits on the load times. The following best practices are listed in order of the observed performance benefits from lower to higher improvements. Drop indexes and constraints Although indexes can significantly increase the performance of some DML operations such as UPDATE and DELETE, these data structures can also decrease the performance of inserts, especially when dealing with bulk data inserts. The reason is that after each new record is inserted in the table, the associated indexes also need to be updated to reflect the new rows being loaded. Therefore, a best practice for bulk data loads is dropping indexes and constraints on the target tables before a load and recreating them when the load is complete. In our test case, by dropping the primary key and index associated with the apg2s3_table_imp table, we reduced the data load down to approximately 131 seconds (data load + recreation on primary key). This is roughly 2.7 times faster than the baseline. See the following code: psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "d apg2s3_table_imp" Table "public.apg2s3_table_imp" Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default | Storage | Stats target | Description --------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+---------+----------+--------------+------------- bid | bigint | | not null | | plain | | name | character varying(80) | | | | extended | | Indexes: "apg2s3_table_imp_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (bid) psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "ALTER TABLE apg2s3_table_imp DROP CONSTRAINT apg2s3_table_imp_pkey" ALTER TABLE psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "d apg2s3_table_imp" Table "public.apg2s3_table_imp" Column | Type | Collation | Nullable | Default --------+-----------------------+-----------+----------+--------- bid | bigint | | not null | name | character varying(80) | | | time psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-XXXXXXXXXXXX.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "SELECT aws_s3.table_import_from_s3('apg2s3_table_imp','','(format CSV)','aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01','apg2s3_table.csv','us-east-1')" table_import_from_s3 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 100000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table.csv of 3177777796 bytes (1 row) real 1m24.950s user 0m0.005s sys 0m0.005s time psql -h demopg-instance-1.cmcmpwi7rtng.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "ALTER TABLE apg2s3_table_imp ADD PRIMARY KEY (bid);" ALTER TABLE real 0m46.731s user 0m0.009s sys 0m0.000s Concurrent loads To improve load performance, you can split large datasets into multiple files that can be loaded concurrently. However, the degree of concurrency can impact other transactions running on the cluster. The number of vCPUs allocated to instance types plays a key role because load operation requires CPU cycles to read data, insert into tables, commit changes, and more. For more information, see Amazon RDS Instance Types. Loading several tables concurrently with few vCPUs can cause CPU utilization to spike and may impact the existing workload. For more information, see Overview of monitoring Amazon RDS. For our test case, we split the original file into five pieces of 20 million records each. Then we created simple shell script to run a psql command for each file to be loaded, like the following: #To make the test simpler, we named the datafiles as apg2s3_table_imp_XX. #Where XX is a numeric value between 01 and 05 for i in 1 2 3 4 5 do myFile=apg2s3_table_imp_0$i psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-cmcmpwi7rtng.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "SELECT aws_s3.table_import_from_s3( 'apg2s3_table_imp', '', '(format CSV)','aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01','$myFile','us-east-1')" & done wait You can export the PGPASSWORD environment variable in the session where you’re running the script to prevent psql from prompting for a database password. Next, we ran the script: time ./s3Load5 table_import_from_s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table_imp_01 of 617777794 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table_imp_02 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table_imp_03 of 640000002 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table_imp_04 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp" from file apg2s3_table_imp_05 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) real 0m40.126s user 0m0.025s sys 0m0.020s time psql -h demopg-instance-1.cmcmpwi7rtng.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "ALTER TABLE apg2s3_table_imp ADD PRIMARY KEY (bid);" ALTER TABLE real 0m48.087s user 0m0.006s sys 0m0.003s The full load duration, including primary key rebuild, was reduced to approximately 88 seconds, which demonstrates the performance benefits of parallel loads. Implement partitioning If you’re using partitioned tables, consider loading partitions in parallel to further improve load performance. To test this best practice, we partition the apg2s3_table_imp table on the bid column as follows: CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp ( bid BIGINT, name VARCHAR(80) ) PARTITION BY RANGE(bid); CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp_01 PARTITION OF apg2s3_table_imp FOR VALUES FROM (1) TO (20000001); CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp_02 PARTITION OF apg2s3_table_imp FOR VALUES FROM (20000001) TO (40000001); CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp_03 PARTITION OF apg2s3_table_imp FOR VALUES FROM (40000001) TO (60000001); CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp_04 PARTITION OF apg2s3_table_imp FOR VALUES FROM (60000001) TO (80000001); CREATE TABLE apg2s3_table_imp_05 PARTITION OF apg2s3_table_imp FOR VALUES FROM (80000001) TO (MAXVALUE); To load all the partitions in parallel, we modified the shell script used in the previous example: #To make the test simpler, we named the datafiles as apg2s3_table_imp_XX. #Where XX is a numeric value between 01 and 05 for i in 1 2 3 4 5 do myFile=apg2s3_table_imp_0$i psql -h aurora-postgres-cl.cluster-cmcmpwi7rtng.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "SELECT aws_s3.table_import_from_s3( '$myFile', '', '(format CSV)','aurora-pg-sample-loaddata01','$myFile','us-east-1')" & done wait Then we ran the script to load all five partitions in parallel: time ./s3LoadPart table_import_from_s3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp_04" from file apg2s3_table_imp_04 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp_02" from file apg2s3_table_imp_02 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp_05" from file apg2s3_table_imp_05 of 640000002 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp_01" from file apg2s3_table_imp_01 of 617777794 bytes (1 row) table_import_from_s3 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20000000 rows imported into relation "apg2s3_table_imp_03" from file apg2s3_table_imp_03 of 640000000 bytes (1 row) real 0m28.665s user 0m0.022s sys 0m0.024s $ time psql -h demopg-instance-1.cmcmpwi7rtng.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -p 5432 -U testuser -d pg1 -c "ALTER TABLE apg2s3_table_imp ADD PRIMARY KEY (bid);" ALTER TABLE real 0m48.516s user 0m0.005s sys 0m0.004s Loading all partitions concurrently reduced the load times even further, to approximately 77 seconds. Disable triggers Triggers are frequently used in applications to perform additional processing after certain conditions (such as INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE DML operations) run against tables. Because of this additional processing, performing large data loads on a table where triggers are enabled can decrease the load performance substantially. It’s recommended to disable triggers prior to bulk load operations and re-enable them when the load is complete. Summary This post demonstrated how to import and export data between Aurora PostgreSQL and Amazon S3. Aurora is powered with operational analytics capabilities, and integration with Amazon S3 makes it easier to establish an agile analytical environment. For more information about importing and exporting data, see Migrating data to Amazon Aurora with PostgreSQL compatibility. For more information about Aurora best practices, see Best Practices with Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. About the authors Suresh Patnam is a Solutions Architect at AWS. He helps customers innovate on the AWS platform by building highly available, scalable, and secure architectures on Big Data and AI/ML. In his spare time, Suresh enjoys playing tennis and spending time with his family.       Israel Oros is a Database Migration Consultant at AWS. He works with customers in their journey to the cloud with a focus on complex database migration programs. In his spare time, Israel enjoys traveling to new places with his wife and riding his bicycle whenever weather permits. https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/export-and-import-data-from-amazon-s3-to-amazon-aurora-postgresql/
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vymicitsu1972 · 3 years
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deniscollins · 4 years
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Stakeholder Capitalism Gets a Report Card. It’s Not Good.
Amazon signed the Business Roundtable Statement for stakeholder capitalism, noting that companies must elevate the interests of workers, the environment and local communities alongside shareholders. If you were Jeff Bezos, how would you respond to a report noting that Amazon has profited from the pandemic — selling more than $164 billion worth of goods this year — while drawing accusations that it has failed to protect workers.
Marc Benioff, chief executive of the technology giant Salesforce, presents himself as an evangelist for stakeholder capitalism: the idea that companies must elevate the interests of workers, the environment and local communities alongside shareholders.
He has written books and opinion pieces arguing that profits are not sufficient; companies must do good. He attends the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, a hotbed for such thinking. And his company was among the 181 members of the Business Roundtable, a club of C.E.O.s, that last year promised to broaden its traditional obsession with the bottom line to include societal concerns.
In late August, as Salesforce celebrated more than $5 billion in quarterly sales, Mr. Benioff proclaimed validation. “This is a victory for stakeholder capitalism,” he said in a television interview. The next day, in the midst of the pandemic, Salesforce informed 1,000 employees that their jobs were no longer needed.
The coronavirus, its attendant economic devastation and the ongoing movement against racial injustice have collectively posed the first test of the lofty words proclaiming a kinder form of capitalism. The results have fallen short of the promise, according to a study released Tuesday and obtained in advance by The New York Times.
The Business Roundtable’s statement of a purpose of a corporation, released last year, was touted by prominent executives as a landmark in the evolution of corporate governance. But its signatories have done no better than other companies in protecting jobs, labor rights and workplace safety during the pandemic, while failing to distinguish themselves in pursuit of racial and gender equality, according to the study.
Financed by the Ford Foundation, the study is the work of KKS Advisors, a consultancy that counsels companies on environmental policy, and The Test of Corporate Purpose, a group of researchers convened to assess how corporations have responded to the pandemic and the movement against racial injustice. Its advisory board includes a professor of management at the University of Oxford, and senior executives from financial firms including Morgan Stanley and Liberty Mutual.
“Since the pandemic’s inception,” the study concludes, the Business Roundtable statement “has failed to deliver fundamental shifts in corporate purpose in a moment of grave crisis when enlightened purpose should be paramount.”
The study enhances doubts that corporations can be depended upon to moderate their quest for profits to pursue solutions to challenges like climate change, racial injustice and economic inequality. Skeptics argue that a single stakeholder will always retain primacy: the shareholder.
The Business Roundtable presents its mission statement as a reflection of the belief that C.E.O.s face extraordinary pressures to protect workers, the environment and community interests or suffer punishment in the marketplace.
“It was not a demotion of the long-term shareholders, because, in our view, the interests of all the stakeholders align in the long-run success of the enterprise,” said the president of the Business Roundtable, Joshua Bolten. “But it is a rejection of short-term shareholder interests.”
Companies can trigger immediate gains in their stock prices by cutting costs through layoffs or slashing benefits. “But in the long term that’s not going to serve the enterprise well if you haven’t properly taken care of all of your other stakeholders,” Mr. Bolten added. “You cannot take care of any one of them without taking care of them all.”
Yet the recent history of American capitalism is the story of wages stagnating for ordinary workers even as shareholders reap extraordinary gains. The divide has proved especially stark during the pandemic: Shareholders suffered initial plunges in asset values but then recovered; tens of millions of wage-earners remain jobless, massing at food banks.
Mr. Bolten said that picture masks how Business Roundtable members have aided employees during the pandemic, providing help with child care and flexibility to work from home, while boosting philanthropic efforts.
“I think they have done exceptionally well,” he said.
The new study says otherwise. Researchers explored the workings of 800 companies — those whose shares are included in the S&P 500 and the FTSEurofirst 300, an index of European stocks — and narrowed the survey to 619 for which they were able to amass at least three years of data.
They mined trade publications, news reports and other industry sources to determine the degree to which companies were operating in accordance with the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board, a nonprofit that promotes corporate standards on social and environmental issues. They examined how the companies performed between June and July on a range of indicators relevant to the pandemic, such as workplace safety, and to racial inclusivity, including the diversity of governing boards.
The report notes that very few companies that signed the Business Roundtable statement submitted it to their governing boards for approval, a fact cited in a law review article as evidence that the pledge is an exercise in public relations.
Mr. Bolten said board passage was not required, because member companies have already embraced the statement’s principles. “It did not arise from nowhere,” he said. “The statement has to be viewed as both capturing an evolution and expressing an aspiration.”
The new report singles out Wells Fargo for rejecting a shareholder proposal that sought to implement the Business Roundtable pledge by exploring the possibility of converting the bank’s legal structure into a benefit corporation, which would allow it to subordinate shareholder interests to other concerns.
A Wells Fargo spokeswoman said the bank has responded to the economic shock by turning branches into food banks and deferring loan payments.
The report trains special attention on Amazon. Though its founder and C.E.O., Jeff Bezos, signed the Business Roundtable statement, Amazon has emerged as a conspicuous example of a company that has profited from the pandemic — selling more than $164 billion worth of goods this year — while drawing accusations that it has failed to protect workers.
In March, Christian Smalls, an employee at an Amazon warehouse in New York, was fired after leading a walkout, protesting what he said was the company’s failure to provide protective equipment even as several workers became ill.
Amazon said he was fired for violating a quarantine policy. Mr. Smalls said he was placed on quarantine only after demanding that the company provide paid sick leave to others.
In a written statement, Amazon dismissed the study as “flawed research” that relied on “the meaningless measure of ‘sentiment about company actions’ and fails to evaluate the actual response — which in the case of Amazon was proactive, swift and effective.”
The company said it has invested more than $800 million on safety improvements, outfitting workers with masks, hand sanitizers and other protective gear, while preventing the spread of the virus at its facilities.
The study does not assess the extent to which signatories of the Business Roundtable statement have continued to pay dividends to shareholders while laying off workers. But some did just that.
Arne M. Sorenson, president and C.E.O. of Marriott International, the world’s largest hotel chain, is co-chairman of a Business Roundtable task force assembled to address Covid-19. In March, he announced that he was furloughing tens of thousands of employees, asserting that his hand had been forced by the swift deterioration of the business. Less than two weeks later, Marriott paid out $160 million in dividends to shareholders.
Marriott lands in the bottom half of companies in its response to the pandemic and demands for racial inclusivity, according to the study.
A Marriott spokeswoman, Connie Kim, noted that Marriott suspended further dividend payments.
The report highlights examples of Business Roundtable signatories that have performed better than most, including Baxter International Inc., an Illinois-based manufacturer of medical devices; SAP, a German software firm; and Willis Towers Watson PLC, a British insurance company. All three have made progress on racial inclusivity, the study finds.
The report praises BlackRock, the world’s largest asset management company, for taking early action to alleviate the threat of Covid-19. The company donated $50 million for emergency services, including the delivery of vital medical equipment to hospitals. It notes the leading role played by BlackRock chief executive Laurence Fink in steering investments toward companies that limit climate change.
No one has embraced the tenets of stakeholder capitalism more fervently than Mr. Benioff.
From its founding in 1999, Salesforce — which makes software used by companies to track interactions with their customers — has donated 1 percent of its equity, 1 percent of its products and 1 percent of its employees’ time to a range of philanthropic undertakings.
Salesforce workers volunteer at homeless shelters and nonprofits that aid refugees. A company foundation has directed hundreds of millions of dollars to local schools and hospitals.
During the worst of the pandemic in the United States, Mr. Benioff tapped contacts in China to procure more than 50 million pieces of protective gear.
“There are very few examples of companies doing this at scale,” Mr. Benioff said in a telephone interview.
With more than 54,000 employees worldwide, Salesforce has provided Mr. Benioff a huge platform to advance the tenets of stakeholder capitalism. Overall, the company has performed far better than most in responding to the pandemic and the drive for racial justice, the study finds.
Its principles are not undermined, Mr. Benioff says, by his company’s decision to phase out 1,000 workers the day after celebrating a tremendous earnings report, and shortly after the expiration of a widely touted 90-day pledge to avoid layoffs.
Salesforce is continuing to hire in other parts of its business, he said. Some of the affected employees will be rehired in other areas, while those who depart will leave with severance.
“We have to be able to grow and make change, or we cannot achieve our goals, which is to become a larger, much more successful company for our customers, our shareholders and also, yes, our stakeholders,” Mr. Benioff said.
He described the objectives of the Business Roundtable statement as a long-term project.
“I’ve seen from my own viewpoint a systemic change in how C.E.O.s behave over the last 20 years,” he said. “I never said it’s a revolution, but I said it’s an improvement.”
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nuadox · 4 years
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An important assessment of invasive plants in Kenya
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- By CABI -
CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International) scientists have led the first assessment of naturalised, invasive and potentially invasive plant species present in Laikipia County, Kenya, which hosts the highest populations of endangered large mammals in the country.
The research led by Dr Arne Witt suggests that a range of invasive alien plants pose a series risk to the County – home to the second-highest number of endangered wildlife in East Africa including elephant, rhino, Grevy’s zebra, reticulated giraffe and wild dogs.
Together with CABI colleagues Winnie Nunda and Tim Beale along with help from Dr Darren Kriticos of the University of Queensland, Australia, Dr Witt argues that without efforts to eradicate, contain, or control invasive plant species in Laikipia County many rare and iconic wildlife species may be lost.
As outlined in the journal Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science, the researchers strongly advocate the use of biological controls as cost effective, safe and environmentally sustainable ways to manage some of the invasive plants as part of an integrated management plan.
Broadscale roadside surveys were carried out in Laikipia County, to record all naturalised and invasive species. This data was supplemented by CLIMEX eco-climatic niche models of nine species that the scientists consider to pose the biggest threat to conservation initiatives in the East African region.
Widespread species in the County included Opuntia stricta, O. ficus-indica, Austrocylindropuntia subulata and other succulents. Of the 145 alien plant species recorded, 67 and 37 (including four species of uncertain origin) were considered to be already naturalised or invasive, respectively, and a further 41 species had been recorded as being naturalised or invasive outside of Laikipia. Most (141) of these species were introduced as ornamentals only or had uses in addition to being ornamentals, with the majority (77) having their origins in tropical America.
Based on the current eco-climatic conditions, most of Laikipia is unsuitable for Chromolaena odorata, marginally suitable for Mimosa pigra and Lantana camara, and a better climatic match, ranked from least to most favourable, for Tithonia diversifolia, Cryptostegia grandiflora, Parthenium hysterophorus, Prosopis juliflora, O. stricta, and Parkinsonia aculeata.
Dr Witt said, "The County is home to the second-highest abundance of wildlife in East Africa, after the Mara-Serengeti ecosystem, and hosts the highest populations of endangered large mammals in Kenya.
"Alien plant invasions pose significant threats to conservation and livelihoods in Laikipia. As such, it would be prudent to develop and implement management strategies to reduce the threats of all invasive and potentially invasive plant species.
"It is imperative that all naturalised, invasive and potentially invasive plant species be removed from the grounds of all tourist facilities and possibly also villages that fall within areas where the main land-use practice is livestock production and conservation.
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Diagram: Maps showing the distribution of nine of the most widespread invasive plant species in Laikipia County, Kenya. Credit: Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science.
"Those plants which have already escaped cultivation should be eradicated, if possible, or their further spread contained. Finally, biological control solutions for widespread and abundant species should be implemented wherever possible, as has been done for O. stricta and initiated for O. engelmannii."
Dr Witt added that there are many benefits to the use of biological controls including the fact that many agents establish self-perpetuating populations, often across the whole range of the target species, and most projects only require a one-off investment.
"There are a number of widespread and abundant invasive plant species in Laikipia that could be targeted for biological control," he said. "The cochineal Dactylopius opuntiae (Cockerell) 'stricta' biotype (Dactylopiidae), recently introduced for the control of O. stricta, is already established in Laikipia. Species such as O. ficus-indica and O. monacantha have also been brought under good control through the introduction of cochineal in the last century."
Permission is currently being sought from the regulatory authorities to introduce another biotype of D. opuntiae for the control of O. engelmannii. Cereus jamacaru has also been brought under good biological control in South Africa, an option should this species become invasive, although populations are currently such that it can still be eradicated in Laikipia.
--
Source: CABI
Full study: “A preliminary assessment of the presence and distribution of invasive and potentially invasive alien plant species in Laikipia County, Kenya, a biodiversity hotspot”, Koedoe: African Protected Area Conservation and Science.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v62i1.1605
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finanzwealth · 5 years
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jeremystrele · 5 years
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What You Should and Should Not Do When Renting
Choosing to live in a rental property offers a lot of freedom from repairs and maintenance. Typically, tenants are not responsible for tasks like cutting the grass and fixing plumbing problems. Perhaps that’s why more than 111 million Americans have chosen renting over home ownership, according to the National Multifamily Housing Council.
Renting provides convenience and independence, but there are limits to what you can do in a rental property. While specifics may vary from landlord to landlord, these are some of the general do’s and don’ts of renting a property.
Don’t go paint crazy
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Be sure to get permission before taking on any painting projects. Image: CreativeStudio/Getty Images
“Tenants like to say, ‘I’m leaving the place better than I got it,’ and some tenants might think that blood-red accent wall they painted is much better,” says Diana Valin, CPM, owner/broker at The Rental Xperts in San Diego, CA.
However, Valin tells Freshome that this is rarely the case – at least, not from the owner’s perspective – unless the parties collaborated in advance. “The best rule of thumb for tenants wanting to change things up during their time in residence is to ask for permission – and get it in writing.”
Kristie Aylett, of Ocean Springs, MS, shared a “Tenants Gone Wild” anecdote with Freshome regarding one of her friends who is a landlord. The friend’s renter asked for permission to paint the rental unit and was told “no” . . . which the average person would interpret to mean that this is not permissible. “However, the renter then spray painted the kitchen wood cabinets and the countertops.” Yikes!
However, you can paint your furniture and personal items. In fact, you’d be surprised what you can do with a can of spray paint.
Don’t let your green thumb go wild
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Customizing landscaping elements may lead to problems with your landlord. Image: Sebastian Arning/EyeEm/Getty Images
“Sometimes, a tenant thinks the conversion of your thoughtfully-laid-out landscape design into a vegetable garden is a much better use of space,” Valin says. In fact, Aylett says her landlord friend actually had a situation along these lines. “The renter wanted to be reimbursed – or at least thanked – for building a tree fort in the backyard but didn’t realize the increased liability and insurance costs it presented to the homeowners.”
However, you can grow a few plants (of the legal kind) in your unit.
Valin adds: “We want [renters] to feel they can make the property their home, but if they want to customize anything during their tenancy, communicating what they want to do and getting written authorization to do it ahead of time is the key to staying out of trouble in the end.”
Don’t make major renovations
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Consult with your landlord before major changes. Image: Hero Image/Getty Images
Valin says your rental agreement should also stipulate how improvements will be handled at move-out. “The owner that didn’t know you added ceiling fans in all of the bedrooms may be thrilled to find out that you improved his/her property but won’t necessarily want to reimburse you for the installation costs and purchase costs of the fans at move-out,” she warns. If you decide to take your fans with you at move-out, you’ll be responsible for patching/texturizing and re-painting the ceilings.
Changing out your cabinet hardware is one way to customize and improve your kitchen and bathroom. However, be sure to check with your landlord first.
Don’t use a hammer for all of your projects
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Consider decorating ideas that won’t damage the walls. Image: chuckcollier/Getty Images
Most landlords will let you hang a few pictures, and you can hang curtains on decorative rods. Aside from that, it’s important to carefully consider any decorating idea that involves the use of a hammer. In other words, scratch those thoughts about mounting cabinets in the bathroom, or adding architectural detail with wainscoting.
That’s not to say you can’t decorate in other ways. For example, if you have black or white appliances, you can easily update them. Consider applying stainless steel appliance covers to the dishwasher and refrigerator. These covers come in peel-and-stick or magnetic varieties and can instantly update and transform the space.
Do help to maintain the property
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Maintaining the property requires some effort on your part. Image: Westend61/Getty Images
Your landlord is responsible for repairs, but you, as the tenant, are responsible for informing management when there’s something amiss in your unit. Whether it’s a leaky faucet or a broken stove knob, you need to report these problems as soon as possible. If a small problem becomes a large problem and it’s deemed a result of your negligence – for example, if your unit has hardwood floors in the kitchen, you let a leaking dishwasher ruin them – you may be responsible for the repairs.
As far as household pests go, your landlord is responsible for pest control; nevertheless, you are accountable for keeping your unit clean so you won’t attract pests.
Do purchase renters insurance
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Renter’s insurance protects your valuables. Image: Asbe/Getty Images
In the event of theft, fire, flood, etc., the landlord is responsible for the unit itself. However, you are responsible for your personal items, such as your furniture, clothes and electronic equipment. Also, if someone is injured in your apartment, you might be liable for medical and legal bills. Renters insurance is a wise investment because it protects you against these unforeseen circumstances – which is why it’s often required by your landlord.
What other do’s and don’ts of renting have you discovered? Please let us know in the comments.
The post What You Should and Should Not Do When Renting appeared first on Freshome.com.
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cessanderson · 5 years
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What You Should and Should Not Do When Renting https://ift.tt/2TbUnCk
Choosing to live in a rental property offers a lot of freedom from repairs and maintenance. Typically, tenants are not responsible for tasks like cutting the grass and fixing plumbing problems. Perhaps that’s why more than 111 million Americans have chosen renting over home ownership, according to the National Multifamily Housing Council.
Renting provides convenience and independence, but there are limits to what you can do in a rental property. While specifics may vary from landlord to landlord, these are some of the general do’s and don’ts of renting a property.
Don’t go paint crazy
Tumblr media
Be sure to get permission before taking on any painting projects. Image: CreativeStudio/Getty Images
“Tenants like to say, ‘I’m leaving the place better than I got it,’ and some tenants might think that blood-red accent wall they painted is much better,” says Diana Valin, CPM, owner/broker at The Rental Xperts in San Diego, CA.
However, Valin tells Freshome that this is rarely the case – at least, not from the owner’s perspective – unless the parties collaborated in advance. “The best rule of thumb for tenants wanting to change things up during their time in residence is to ask for permission – and get it in writing.”
However, you can paint your furniture and personal items. In fact, you’d be surprised what you can do with a can of spray paint.
Don’t let your green thumb go wild
Tumblr media
Customizing landscaping elements may lead to problems with your landlord. Image: Sebastian Arning/EyeEm/Getty Images
While you may think of vegetable gardens or flower beds as a great use of space outside the property, it might actually cause more issues for your landlord down the road. Kristie Aylett of Ocean Springs, MS reached out to Freshome with a similar situation from her landlord friend. “The renter wanted to be reimbursed – or at least thanked – for building a tree fort in the backyard but didn’t realize the increased liability and insurance costs it presented to the homeowners.”
Valin adds: “We want [renters] to feel they can make the property their home, but if they want to customize anything during their tenancy, communicating what they want to do and getting written authorization to do it ahead of time is the key to staying out of trouble in the end.”
Don’t make major renovations
Tumblr media
Consult with your landlord before major changes. Image: Hero Image/Getty Images
Valin says your rental agreement should also stipulate how improvements will be handled at move-out. “The owner that didn’t know you added ceiling fans in all of the bedrooms may be thrilled to find out that you improved his/her property but won’t necessarily want to reimburse you for the installation costs and purchase costs of the fans at move-out,” she warns. If you decide to take your fans with you at move-out, you’ll be responsible for patching/texturizing and re-painting the ceilings.
Cabinet hardware is the most likely avenue of customization and improvement and an easy way to show your creative side in the kitchen and bathroom. However, like anything, be sure to check with your landlord first.
Don’t use a hammer for all of your projects
Tumblr media
Consider decorating ideas that won’t damage the walls. Image: chuckcollier/Getty Images
Most landlords will let you hang a few pictures, or curtains on decorative rods. Aside from that, it’s important to carefully consider any decorating idea that involves the use of a hammer. In other words, scratch those thoughts about mounting cabinets in the bathroom.
That’s not to say you can’t decorate in other ways. For example, consider applying stainless steel appliance covers to the dishwasher and refrigerator. These covers come in peel-and-stick or magnetic varieties and can instantly update and transform the space.
Do help to maintain the property
Tumblr media
Maintaining the property requires some effort on your part. Image: Westend61/Getty Images
Your landlord is responsible for repairs, but you, as the tenant, are responsible for informing management when there’s something amiss in your unit. Whether it’s a leaky faucet or a broken stove knob, you need to report these problems as soon as possible. If a small problem becomes a large problem and it’s deemed a result of your negligence, you may be responsible for the repairs.
As far as household pests go, your landlord is responsible for pest control; nevertheless, you are accountable for keeping your unit clean so you won’t attract pests.
Do purchase renters insurance
Tumblr media
Renter’s insurance protects your valuables. Image: Asbe/Getty Images
Your landlord is ultimately responsible for the property and your unit. However, you are responsible for your personal items, such as your furniture, clothes and electronic equipment. Additionally, if someone is injured in your apartment, you might be liable for medical and legal bills. Renters insurance is a wise investment because it protects you against these unforeseen circumstances over which your landlord has no control – which is why it’s often required by your landlord.
What other do’s and don’ts of renting have you discovered? Please let us know in the comments.
The post What You Should and Should Not Do When Renting appeared first on Freshome.com.
Terri Williams
0 notes
Text
This Week Within Our Colleges: Part 2
Classes were canceled at St. Olaf College after students protested an obviously fake “racist note” left on a student’s car. In response to this note, students blocked entrances to campus buildings, participated in a mass group therapy session and listed a set of demands for the school President. “We demand the removal of Arne Christenson from the Advisory Board of The Institute for Freedom & Community given Mr. Christenson’s political views and values as a Christian Zionist.” “We demand the creation of more programs for students of color and racial and cultural sensitivity training for staff and we demand that St. Olaf be prepared to facilitate the transition of undocumented and first generation students,” was another demand the group made. One black student had this to say, “I can't turn a corner without feeling like somebody is going to be there, waiting for me," she said. "It's just so hard, and scary.” President David Anderson consoled, "It does hurt us deeply. We are allies. We are struggling like hell to be the best allies that we can."
An open letter signed by 22 UCLA professors urges students to join them in a weekly protest against the Trump administration. “We gather there to bear witness to the Orwellian nightmare that is the presidency of Donald Trump, and to let the world know that we cannot let this become normal,” history professor Teofilo Ruiz announces. The letter concludes by encouraging students to join the group of professor’s weekly anti-Trump protest, urging attendees to “bring signs to articulate your opposition and your engagement.” 
Male students who talk too much in class are oppressing their female peers, a Wesleyan University student contends. Tara Joy, a freshman who came to Wesleyan from an all-girls high school, paints this as a manifestation of oppression and gender inequality, arguing that despite constituting 57 percent of the college population, women are consistently denied the same classroom opportunities afforded to their male classmates.
A pro-choice professor at Purdue University accused pro-life organizations of “child pornography” for using images of fetuses as a rhetorical device during a debate. Professor David Sanders argued displaying images of "a butt naked body of a child" constitutes child pornography. One attendee took the opportunity to point out that Sanders had effectively conceded that it's a child.
The president of the San Diego Community College faculty union encouraged professors to cancel their classes and take their students to the May Day protests. He even managed to tie the day’s events to President Trump, arguing that “given the threats we face from the Trump administration, it is extremely important that we demonstrate our solidarity with one another. These are troubled times. Only our unity and mutual support will get us through with minimal damage to our most vulnerable community members.”
After more than four hours of contentious debate, the George Washington University student government narrowly rejected a proposal put forward by Students for Justice in Palestine to stop the university from being associated with companies that do business with Israel. Students supporting the proposal argued that by investing in these companies, the university makes itself complicit in the terrorism that they claim Israelis commit against Palestinians.
Student organizations at American University have created a list of demands to present to the administration. The ultimatum targets food service providers, accuses the university of having a "white supremacist" curriculum, and demands various forms of segregation. “Abandon the white supremacist and colonial curriculum in all schools for a more transformative and decolonized curriculum.” Another pushed for segregated campus safe spaces, demanding “the establishment of separate resource centers for Black, Latinx, Asian Pacific Islander, Native Americans, Muslim students, undocumented students, and queer and trans students.” The list also demands increased financial aid for all students, a tuition freeze and training programs for AU faculty to “deconstruct oppressive behavior in the classroom.”
Cornell is offering a course on President Trump’s ‘xenophobic nationalism.’ The course description reads, “Donald Trump and Barak [sic] Obama give us two visions of America and of the world: xenophobic nationalism and pragmatic cosmopolitanism. America and the world are thus constituted by great diversity.” Of course, it comes as no surprise that a highly paid, far-left professor at Cornell would not only consider President Trump to be a “xenophobic nationalist” but then go and teach his political views to students, and the “oppressed, victimized students” who will be taking this course, it’s worth noting this course alone costs more than most Americans’ monthly salary. 
SB677, introduced by Republican state senator John Moorlach, aims to “ensure that students who witness activities in the classroom which violate state or federal law or regulation and/or a local agency policy are free to document and report the situation to the necessary authorities or to the media, including social media.” Senator Moorlach introduced the bill after Caleb O’Neil, an Orange Coast College student, was suspended for recording Professor Olga Perez Stable-Cox calling Donald Trump a white supremacist and his election “an act of terrorism” during a classroom rant in which she also referred to Vice President Mike Pence as “one of the most anti-gay humans in this country.”
University of Iowa hosted a three-day event called “Exploring White Identity for Effective Allyship.” “This event provides a space for white identified people to discuss Whiteness and its privileges with other White people. This can be the first step to eliminating tokenism and increasing responsibility among allies to eliminate racism.”
Student leaders wrote an open letter demanding that Clemson University create an LGBTQ safe space on campus to rectify the school’s alleged callousness toward such students. Their letter declares that “a permanent space must be allocated to the LGBTQ+ community” because “incoming LGBTQ+ and other underrepresented students enter campus with the deck stacked against them.”
San Diego State University will put employees through a sexual-assault training program devised by an organization that opposes due process for accused students in campus rape investigations. ATIXA has made a lucrative business out of helping colleges respond to sexual-assault allegations following the Obama administration’s 2011 “Dear Colleague” letter, which prescribed specific investigation protocols and ordered colleges to use a low evidence standard. In December 2014, student Francisco Sousa was expelled by SDSU after a fellow student, Alexa Romano, accused him of rape. When administrators investigated, they refused to let Sousa provide evidence that would have likely exonerated him, including text messages, social media posts and witnesses. It also named him as a rape suspect in a campus-wide email. More than two years later, the lawsuit has been settled and the university will pay damages and clear Sousa’s disciplinary record after realizing it was yet another false rape claim to begin with. 
American University blocked a student fundraiser event “Bad(minton) and Boujee” set on raising funds for a veterans group whose founder got his master’s degree at AU. It was supposed to be a badminton-themed event, using rapper Migos’ song as a play on words but the school refused to host the event because “boujee” might be seen as “cultural appropriation.” One little bitch senior, Sydney Young, had this to say to the group: “I think it was the fact that someone expressed to you that the usage of those terms could be offensive or hurt somebody or be disrespectful to someone’s culture, and that wasn’t enough for them to change it.”
A student at the University of California, Berkeley, has written an op-ed claiming that free speech is merely “a tactic used by the state,” and that Berkeley should prioritize the “safety of the marginalized” over American constitutional freedoms. UC Berkeley transfer student Juniperangelica Xiomara Cordova-Goff (that’s a mouthful) writes: “Free speech is not dead. It was never alive.” Cordova-Goff, a self-described “brown trans femme,” claims that the American ideal of “sharing perspectives and differing opinions” has “done nothing more than maintain the white supremacist, capitalistic and patriarchal nature that allowed colonizers to protect their power centuries ago and that has allowed their descendants to elect an openly racist, queerphobic, Islamophobic, xenophobic and anti-poverty administration.”
Columbia University has capitulated to student protesters who demanded an end to a politically incorrect marching band tradition that some have deemed “unsafe” and “triggering.” Orgo Night has historically been held at midnight the day of the organic chemistry final exams. During the event, the marching band occupies a room in the library and plays music while also performing a comedy skit, which often takes jabs at students and cranky administrators. Students Tracey Wang and Dunni Oduyemi called the event “an unsafe space.” “Every semester after Orgo Night, some students leave Butler feeling miserable and triggered and have to turn to one another for consolation while our peers celebrate. We ask administrators to listen to us, to acknowledge us, and to protect us. Their failure to do so is proof the administration does not care about its students of color, its queer students, or its trans students.” The administration ultimately blocked the marching band from performing in the library and instead they were forced to deliver its half-hour skit to an audience of hundreds outside the library on a freezing cold night.
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