#2013 National Food Security Act | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

indizombie · 2 years

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Public health activist Dr Sylvia Karpagam said: “Chronic under nutrition is a grave concern in Karnataka and is likely to have worsened with the pandemic and the lockdown, with the loss of livelihood, displacement, shutting down of public transport, access to basic healthcare such as immunisation, and more importantly, breakdown in social security schemes such as pensions, ICDS and midday meals.” Under the National Food Security Act, vulnerable groups such as children under 14 years, adolescent girls and pregnant/postpartum women are legally entitled to food and this is not being met, she said. Even food has been reduced to cereal and millet with very poor diversity, and growing criminalisation of all animal source foods other than milk and dairy. These can worsen even the existing indicators, so we need to demand that decisions on food and nutrition should be based on evidence, science and data such as NFHS and CNNS rather than other considerations,” Dr Karpagam said.

Suraksha P, ‘Every third kid under 5 is stunted in Karnataka, shows NFHS data’, Deccan Herald

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10pointer · 2 years

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#Public Distribution System #National Food Security Act 2013 #EDUCATION #10POINTER

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mariacallous · 1 year

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Occasionally, one hears suggestions that a debt-ceiling showdown that leaves the Treasury without enough cash to pay all its bills will resemble a government shutdown, which has occurred several times in recent memory when Congress has failed to pass appropriation bills on time. This post explains the difference.

What is the debt ceiling?

When the federal government runs a deficit—that is, spends more than it collects in revenue—it borrows money to cover the difference by issuing IOUs in the form of U.S. Treasury securities. The debt ceiling is a limit, set by Congress, on the amount of borrowing the Treasury can do, currently $31.4 trillion. The Treasury hit that ceiling in January 2023 and has been taking what are known as “extraordinary measures” to keep paying the bills. But it will run out of maneuvering room sometime in the next several months, perhaps as early as June 2023, unless Congress acts.

(For more on the debt ceiling, see “What is the federal debt ceiling?” and “How worried should we be if the debt ceiling isn’t lifted?”.)

What happens in a government shutdown?

Under the Antideficiency Act (initially passed in 1884 and amended in 1950), federal agencies cannot spend or obligate any money without an appropriation (or other approval) from Congress. When Congress fails to enact the 12 annual appropriation bills, federal agencies must cease all non-essential functions until Congress acts. This is known as a government shutdown. During shutdowns, many federal employees are told not to report for work. Government employees who provide what are deemed essential services, such as air traffic control and law enforcement, continue to work, but don’t get paid until Congress takes action to end the shutdown. All this applies only to the roughly 25% of federal spending subject to annual appropriation by Congress. Benefits such as Social Security continue to flow because they are authorized by Congress in laws that do not need annual approval (although the services offered by Social Security benefit offices may be limited during a shutdown). In addition, the Treasury can continue to pay interest on U.S. Treasury debt on time.

There have been four shutdowns where operations were affected for more than one business day. In 1995-1996, President Clinton and the Republican Congress were unable to agree on spending levels, so the government shut down twice, for a total of 26 days. In 2013, a standoff over funding for the Affordable Care Act resulted in a 16-day shutdown. And in December 2018 and January 2019, a dispute over border wall funding led to a shutdown that lasted 35 days; it was a partial shutdown because Congress had previously passed five of the 12 appropriation bills. (For more on shutdowns, see the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget’s FAQ.)

Shutdowns can be disruptive, leading to delays in processing applications for passports, small business loans, or government benefits; shuttered visitor centers and bathrooms at national parks; fewer food-safety inspections, and various inconveniences. But shutdowns are now sufficiently likely that the White House Office of Management & Budget posts the contingency plans that government agencies maintain for shutdowns. In short, members of Congress, government employees, financial markets, and the press generally understand what happens when a failure to pass appropriations bills leads to a government shutdown.

So how is that different from a failure to raise the debt ceiling?

Because tax revenues aren’t sufficient to cover all federal spending, the federal government borrows a lot—an average of more than $7 billion per business day. Raising the debt ceiling doesn’t increase federal spending beyond what already has been approved by Congress; it simply allows the government to pay for purchases and obligations it already has made.

Because Congress in the past has always lifted the debt ceiling before the Treasury has run out of money, no one knows for sure what will happen if Congress doesn’t act this time—what the Treasury and the Federal Reserve will do, and how financial markets will react. Failure to make timely interest and principal payments on U.S. Treasury securities, regarded as the safest financial asset in the world, would be an unprecedented default and, among other things, would call into question the credibility of the U.S. government’s promises and probably raise the interest rate that investors demand to hold U.S. Treasury debt in the future.

In contrast to government shutdowns, a failure to raise the debt ceiling threatens not only the spending subject to annual appropriation by Congress, but all federal spending—including interest on the debt and Social Security, Medicare, and other government benefits. Federal employees can continue working—there is no need for agencies to decide which services are essential and which are not—but their paychecks may be delayed.

We know from transcripts of Federal Reserve meetings that when this issue arose in 2011, the Obama Treasury was planning to make all interest and principal payments and to delay paying all its other bills—including government benefits. The Biden Treasury hasn’t said what it plans to do if Congress doesn’t raise the debt ceiling in time. It is, however, likely to make interest and principal payments on Treasury debt. Whether and how it will prioritize other payments is unclear—but someone will not get paid on time; there simply won’t be enough cash to meet every obligation.

What is the connection between raising the debt ceiling and reducing the federal deficit?

Legally, there is no connection, though sometimes the two issues occur close together if the Treasury bumps up against the debt ceiling close to the end of the federal fiscal year on September 30, the deadline for approving appropriations bills (even if only temporary ones).

Still, members of Congress have used the imperative of raising the debt ceiling as leverage in negotiations in Congress and with the White House over appropriation bills and, sometimes, over broader tax and spending policies. (This maneuver usually is used by members of Congress from a party other than the president’s party.) In 2011, for instance, President Obama and the Republican majority in the House reached a multi-part agreement—the Budget Control Act—just a couple of days before the Treasury ran out of cash. Among other things, it put caps on total appropriated spending and created a special congressional committee to craft a plan to reduce future deficits. The committee failed to come to agreement, triggering a series of automatic spending cuts.

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beardedmrbean · 1 year

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Uganda passes anti-LGBTQ laws

As reported by Time, Uganda’s Parliament in Kampala on Tuesday passed a bill that would make it a crime to identify as LGBTQ — legislation described by the United Nations’ human rights chief as “probably among the worst of its kind in the world.” The Anti-Homosexuality bill introduced several new regulations that would see anyone who is openly gay and advocates for LGBTQ rights severely punished.

The new bill proposes: The death penalty for those convicted of “aggravated homosexuality,” meaning sexual acts with minors, people with disabilities or with HIV; 20 years in prison for committing the “offense of homosexuality”; and 10 years in prison for attempting to commit a sexual act. The bill now heads to Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, who can veto it or sign it into law. The legislation has received worldwide condemnation, with National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby stating Uganda could face economic repercussions if it’s made law.

Why it matters: The new bill is the latest in Uganda’s crackdown against homosexuality. The LGBTQ community had already been facing discrimination before Tuesday’s bill. In 2013, same-sex acts became outlawed with the punishment of life imprisonment. Following this, suicide rates in the LGBT community increased. The newest bill could see further discrimination and a possibility of mass violence against those who identify as LGBTQ.

More from CBS News on this story here.

Drought in Somalia saw 43,000 die last year

From the Independent: An estimated 43,000 people in Somalia died in 2022 during what was the country’s longest-ever drought, according to a new report. Somalia’s Federal Ministry of Health & Human Services, the World Health Organization and the United Nations children’s agency UNICEF found that at least half of the 43,000 were children under the age of 5. It is expected that 34,000 more are likely to die in the first half of this year.

Why it matters: Somalia has faced five consecutive failed rainy seasons, resulting in a food crisis. Alongside the lack of rain, the price of food has increased due to the war in Ukraine, causing further food insecurity. According to the UNICEF, at least 2 million children are at risk of malnutrition, and nearly half the country’s population is in need of humanitarian assistance.

#nunyas news

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financialinvests · 1 month

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#economics #life #Money #weird #world

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upton-sinclair-official · 2 months

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About Me

My name is Upton Sinclair, and I am here to quarrel with the dangerously unregulated state of the US food and drug manufacturing industries. I have been made aware that in the nearly 120 years since I first attempted to bring awareness to the hazardous nature of manufactured foods and medications in this nation, there has been little progress.

In my day, anyone could sell anything and say it was a miracle cure, without disclosing the ingredients and their respective quantities or the safety concerns associated with the product. The manufacturer had no obligation to inform the consumer if the product even provided its promised benefits (which it rarely did). One could brand oneself a doctor and sell whatever bunk panacea they so chose, making whichever claims they felt like making, regardless of the verity of those claims. It was miserable. Americans were falling ill to deadly foodborne microbes present in their groceries, overdosing on untested, adulterated, and potent drugs in their cough remedies, sickened by heavy metals and radioactive materials in their cosmetics, and wasting money on do-nothing elixirs.

All of this spurred President Theodore Roosevelt to sign the 1906 Food and Drug Act, which granted Harvey Washington Wiley's Bureau of Chemistry the ability to oversee various areas of consumer safety. While threatened by idiotic judicial action and arbitrary divisions of regulation into multiple agencies (the Board of Food and Drug Inspection and the separate Referee Board of Consulting Scientific Experts), this was a major improvement. In 1927, the regulatory practices were reorganized into a new USDA body, the Food, Drug, and Insecticide Organization, which was later shortened to just the Food and Drug Administration. The FDA was later granted more powers with the 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, further guarding the American consumer from toxic materials.

For a brief, glorious era the American consumer was finally able to rest knowing that the foods they ate and the treatments they took were regulated by a disinterested federal agency. It was never perfect, with concerns existing regarding supplements and compounded pharmaceuticals, but various amendments increased the government's ability to monitor the medications produced in the United States. The FDA could ensure that powerful medications were only available under the watchful eye of a trained professional, that marketed drugs had been proven to be safe and effective in scientific trials, and that drug studies conformed to safety guidelines. Later, the FDA made procedures for the approval of generic medications, giving consumers the ability to buy their needed treatments from different companies than those that invented the medication for a cheaper price, and started allowing promising new medications to safely bypass standard testing protocols in instances where speed was of the utmost importance.

Then came the supplement and compounding lobbies. The government caved to the demands of the multi-billion dollar supplement industry to have less regulation with the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. DSHEA has made it possible for "herbal medications" and "natural healing products" to be sold and advertised despite making false claims regarding health benefits, and has prevented the FDA from inspecting and regulating manufacturing conditions at supplement plants. The supplement lobby was able to turn the American public against the organization that secured their health and safety through ads laden with logical fallacies and ad hominem attacks, and, under the pressures of public opinion, a huge industry lobby, and corrupt politicians with personal stakes in the supplement industry, such as Orin Hatch (R-UT) and Tom Harkin (D-IA), the legislatures soon caved and passed this blow to American wellbeing.

Another blow was dealt to the FDA in 2013 with the Drug Quality and Security Act. This act was drafted as a response to a deadly 2012 outbreak of fungal meningitis caused by compounded spinal steroid injections made by the New England Compounding Center, which struck 798 injection recipients, typically people with chronic pain, and killed at least 100. Compounded medications are medications historically made in small-scale family pharmacies and therefore subject to lesser oversight. Compounding is often used in cases where different ingredients or dosages are needed for a particular patient, but loopholes in the laws and the political force of the compounding lobby have lead to a massive shadow industry of the semi-legal mass-production of compounded pharmaceuticals, made in factories that aren't subject to regular safety inspections, being shipped across state lines, with devastating effects. While the intentions of this act were pure, the initial draft was twisted by supporters of the compounding industry into a nothing law. The compounders are allowed to compound, overseen by inattentive and underfunded state governments, only they may now choose to be approved and regulated by the FDA. This is completely useless, as it's optional, and doesn't much benefit the compounding manufacturers. What does benefit them are the repeals of some restrictions that their industry had previously been subject to- now, compounding pharmacies are allowed to promote their wares through advertisements.

These legal changes have destroyed the FDA's ability to monitor two major components of the American medical product landscape. We were on the path of improvement, but we have now turned ourselves back around. The compounding and supplement industries are dangerous, and my goal is to continue my mission of keeping the everyman safe from experimental treatments, do-nothing money-pits, and predatory business practices.

It's time to rejuvenate the FDA.

Main Sources:

Dearen J. KILL SHOT : A Shadow Industry, a Deadly Disease. Avery Pub Group; 2022.

2. Offit PA. Do You Believe in Magic? : The Sense and Nonsense of Alternative Medicine. Harper; 2013.

#drug safety #food safety #FDA #politics #public health #third party pharma manufacturing #healthcare #supplements #dietary supplement #compounding pharmacies #DSHEA #public safety #health and wellness #medicine #usa #us

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akhilshah369-blog · 2 months

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datumanlalakbay · 11 months

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𝐋𝐎𝐎𝐊: 𝐌𝐒𝐔-𝐆𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐒𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐬 𝐜𝐨-𝐡𝐨𝐬𝐭𝐬 𝐊𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐚𝐧 𝐅𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐯𝐚𝐥 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟑

by Raydan M. Tangwayan, LPT

Mindanao State University - General Santos City was once again chosen by the City Government of General Santos to organize the Kalilangan Festival 2023. Kalilangan is known as the ‘Cultural Festival’ of the city, which celebrates the shared histories among its Tri-People inhabitants, with a particular focus on their cooperation, unity, and harmonious coexistence, while recognizing their rich cultural heritage and vibrant traditions.

The Kalilangan Festival 2023 adopted a hybrid modality of conducting the festival celebration. Since the partnership between Mindanao State University – General Santos City and the City Government of General Santos in 2011, putting activities online was the least of the priorities. To reminisce, the partnership of LGU-GenSan and the University in hosting the Kalilangan Festival led to its Hall of Fame Distinction as Best Tourism Event of the Philippines-Culture and Arts Category by the Association of Tourism Officers of the Philippines (ATOP) from 2011 to 2013.

When the pandemic hit, the secretariat shifted into a full-blown online Kalilangan Festival. From this experience came the “Kalilangan Festival: Kuru-Kultura,” where all activities, competitions, and contests were conducted online. The 34th Kalilangan Festival and the 84th Foundation Anniversary of General Santos City this year is described as the “vengeance” for the three-year hiatus of social gatherings due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

On February 23, 2023, the Honorable Mayor Lorelie Geronimo-Pacquaio opened the ceremony by banging the ‘Agong’ three times symbolically waking up the Generals from three years of social distancing. Former Senator Manny Pacquaio was also present at the program. The Chancellor of Mindanao State University – General Santos City, JD Usman D. Aragasi, MPA, who organized this year’s Kalilangan Festival, entered the stage with glam and colors, depicting the rich Maranao culture. Chancellor Aragasi emphasized the importance of the Local Government and MSU’s partnership in fostering good relationships and highlighting culture and arts.

The Grand Opening Night offered a production like no other as it was performed by the Kuerdas Band, the Mindanao State University’s Kabpapagariya Ensemble, Madayaw Dabaw, Step One, Regional Police Office 12 dancers, and the Ramon Magsaysay Memorial College’s Teatro Ambahanon. Performers showed the roots of Dadiangas, as a representation of a historical milieu, the calamities experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the resulting “Bayanihan” and the acts of kindness, love, and care shown during this most trying time of the city.

Meanwhile, a sea of people was witnessed on the night of February 24, 2023, during the concert of Chocolate Factory, a Filipino reggae band whose songs are popular among the youth, like “Kung Ika’y Akin” and “Letra”. With Chocolate Factory’s presence, Kalilangan Festival 2023 became an opportunity to bond, celebrate, and it served as the revenge of the Generals from the three-year pandemic with restrictions and stay-at-home directives. The Kalilangan Festival Secretariat’s mitigation for security risks was the fostered partnership with the Philippine National Police, City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, and the City Health Office. Thankfully, the crowd was respectful of the rules set by the PNP, like the disallowed backpacks. The celebration ended at around 12 midnight. Aside from music, food, carnival, and flea market contributed to the overall fun experience.

A tribute to the festival sponsors and supporters of the Kalilangan Festival 2023, Daluyan: Sponsor’s Night, was held at the Grand Summit Hotel on February 25, 2023. “The activity is not just a mere social night. This is also an opportunity for small business sectors to venture with others, and for SMEs to initiate possible business partnership”, said Festival Manager, Dr. Alma Celesthia D. Aguja.

The "Kalilangan ng Batang Heneral: Gensan Tri-People Youth Convergence" event was also one of the new activities conducted during the festival. It was held on February 26 at the KCC Convention Center. The event aimed to celebrate diversity and promote cultural appreciation of GenSan's heritage. It brought together the city's youth to collaborate on common issues and concerns that affect them, emphasizing the importance of unity among the youth sector despite cultural differences in the community. The participants were inspired by the message of the City Mayor, Hon. Lorelie G. Pacquiao, about the important role of the youth in the development of General Santos City. Moreover, their resolve was strengthened by the reactions and guidance of guests Reactors, led by no less than the Executive Director of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, Sir Oscar “Oca'' Casaysay, and facilitators led by Al-Nezzar Ali, the Artistic Director of the Kalilangan Festival. The organizers were led by the Mindanao State University - General Santos' Institute for Peace and Development, while the Department of Education (DepEd) principals and teachers who were alumni of the MSU Kabpapagariya Ensemble were also present.

On February 27, 2023, the Wreath-Laying and Parada ng Lahi happened. Parada ng Lahi and Wreath Laying is an institutional activity where flowers, and salute from the people and military men were offered to the late General Paulino Santos. Different government agencies and stakeholders in General Santos City took part in the eagerly awaited parade of history by dressing in traditional attire typical of the city's three main ethnic groups. This event warms and rekindles the sense of solidarity among the city's unique culture. Following the solemn ceremony, there was also a 21-gun salute and a wreath-laying ceremony in commemoration of the contributions of the pioneers of the city, especially General Paulino Santos.

After the Parada ng Lahi, a motorcade led the iconic Kadsagayan Streetdance Parade in the afternoon. The Kadsagayan Street Dance Competition featured five contingents from Lanao del Sur, North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao Province, and two entries from GenSan, was the highlight of the Grand Finale. The Sibsib National Salindaw Performing Guild of Tulunan, North Cotabato emerged as the champion, while the Sibol Performing Arts of General Santos City took the title of first runner-up and Kulintayaw Performing Artist Collective of General Santos City as the second runner-up. The program was attended by no less than Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines, Her Excellency Sara Z. Duterte, who praised the city's success as the Festival Guest Speaker. “Without a doubt, General Santos City is a shining story of success. As a Mindanawon, we share the pride that you have.” She was introduced by Congressman Loreto B. Acharon, who highlighted the significance of culture in his message. Meanwhile, the City Mayor Lorelie Geronimo Pacquiao gave her welcome message. “Kailangan walang maiiwan na mamamayan sa pag-unlad ng GenSan. Ang nais ko lamang ay ang pamumunong walang lamangan, walang siraan, at walang hilaan pababa dahil ang lahat ng ating pagsisikap ay para sa ikabubuti at ikauunlad ng ating lungsod”, Mayor Pacquiao remarked.

In the closing night of the whole festival celebration, it was filled with powerful vocals, ethno-inspired performances, and a band concert in a native dialect and ended with the declaration and awarding of prizes given by the City Mayor Lorelie Geronimo Pacquiao, First Gentleman Bobby Pacquiao, Festival Director Shandee Llido-Pestaño, and MSU Vice Chancellor Dr. Mishell Lawas, representing Chancellor Usman Aragasi, with a dazzling firework display. The program was followed by band concerts featuring Kuerdas, Rocksteddy, and Cueshe that attracted huge crowds, creating long queues of spectators never before seen in the history of the festival.

#KalilanganFestival2023 #GeneralSantosCity #Sox #MSUGeneralSantosCityCulturalAffairsOffice

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ashishaggarwalacubeventures · 1 year

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Role of Indian Women in leading the Sustainable Startup Landscape in India

To be equipped to erect a sustainable future, we need to toil and advance and upgrade in tandem with the financial as well as the sustainability missions. India is thriving in its startup ecosystem with a flashing and fleeting momentum. This proliferation tallies for a significant proportion of employment, commerce, exchange and growth in the nation henceforth influencing the future of the way businesses to operate. 

Numerous stakeholders have been calibrating and recalibrating their enterprise objectives to develop long-term integrity and significance for the ecosystem. The women's crew, for instance, has been tinkering an indispensable role in maintaining sustainability as a focal point of their business expansion. They are stimulating a favourable transition in the field and excavating the spot for a surplus and reliable economic growth. Ashish Aggarwal Acube Venture Owner and Startup Industry Expert Highlighted the Story of Ambiga Subramanian.

Ambiga Subramanian was the introductory Indian woman to have directed a corporation into the unicorn fraternity. She is a former chief executive officer (CEO) of a data analytics firm “Mu Sigma”. She also made up one of the eighth and the youngest of India’s richest self-made women, as per the Hurun India Rich List of 2017.

In the same year, she relinquished 24% of her shareholding in Mu Sigma to her former spouse Dhiraj Rajaram following their separation and he then rose as the controlling shareholder of the firm. She then remodelled as an investor and capitalized on corporations like Piper biosciences Shuttl, Box8, and many more.

The entrepreneurship topography for women in the country is advancing rapidly. In 2017, 29% of the registered start-ups with the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, DPIIT (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade), and the Government of India contained at least 1 woman director. However, the same percentage in January 2023, had exponentially heightened to 48%. Also, there is a raised representation of women entrepreneurs across various sectors such as healthcare and lifestyle, education, food and beverages, and IT Services.

With a comprehensive evolution towards environment-friendly strategies, an impetus from the Government towards sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosures through the Companies Act,2013 and the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), companies and enterprises are vigorously integrating ESG into their Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR). “There has been a smooth and steady transition towards behaving toward ESG as more than only an obligatory injunction”, says Ashish Aggarwal Indo Innovation. While investors are looking for influential enterprises to park their wager on, women entrepreneurs are also formulating effective alterations in the favourable orientation. It can be contended that a pivotal focus area of women-led start-ups is sustainability and the proclivity is recognized in industries across divergent practices, products, and services.

For an instance, In the FMCG sector, women-led unicorns such as Mama Earth (Gazal Alagh) are precisely manufacturing makeup merchandise that is Vegan and Chemical-free. Startups, such as Zouk (Disha Singh) exclusively synthesize products that are cruelty-free and use vegan elements only, one such is vegan leather. Nowadays, there is a high demand that can be witnessed for handmade products and handcrafted products and accessories, and these considerably curtail emissions emanating across the supply chain.

Several women-led startups, having consumer bases principally in metropolitan cities in India and abroad, generally outsource their procurement of raw materials and fabrication into the conclusive product from bucolic and semi-rural areas, employing and engaging traditional artists and craftsmen while reviving many conventional crafts in the revolution. These civic enterprises are calibrating time-honoured products to fulfil modern demands while also preserving and strengthening the authentic essence of the art form. One such example is iMithila led by Ruchi Jha, the startup engaged in publicizing Mithila or Madhubani painting, one of the ancients art masterpiece forms of the world.   

In recent years, there is an evolution towards the rental and the economizing thrift shop industry, a market fraction that practically implicates dispersing second-hand or pre-used garments has become fairly prominent with such outlets and is gaining quick momentum, both online as well as offline. Such stores, mostly are run by women. These sell products that are distinctive, moderately reasonable and ameliorate environmental burden considerably, offering an alternate path to dynamic fashion senses. One such Startup as underlined by Ashish Aggarwal, the industry expert is Zapyle which is founded by Rashi Gulati Menda. Zapyle is an online community marketplace for swaddling brand-new as well as pre-owned luxury fashion apparel for women.

Ashish Aggarwal highlighting the statement used in the recent 2022 G20 Summit at Bali inspired the youth saying “With dominating global economies leading the way towards an extensive, driving, definitive, and action-oriented prospective future, under India's presidency, we must unify and come together to operate with one of the most incredible and important resources our country has – our ingenious women workforce.”

According to a report by McKinsey, expanding women’s representation and partaking in business assistance can independently aid in potentially growing India’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) by roughly USD 700 billion by 2025. Hence, in our aspiration to assemble a sustainable economy, we need to encourage and appreciate the contribution of the women workforce and particularly entrepreneurs that are toiling to carve not just an enormous but also a promising India. With India committed to accomplishing its sustainability missions, the across-the-board exertion of numerous stakeholders is critical in progressing and getting near the objective.

#ashish aggarwal #ashish aggarwal acube venture #ashish aggarwal indo innovation #ashish aggarwal spce mantra

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renbennett · 1 year

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bibliography

Hirasuna, Delphine. The Art of Gaman: Arts and Crafts from the Japanese American Internment Camps 1942-1946. Google Books, Clarkson Potter/Ten Speed, 19 Nov. 2013, books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=_cseAAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT9&dq=japanese+internment+camps+life+inside&ots=7UmMg9H6zf&sig=vw_QuRYjttXPaH9AGVCTyT-ZZLM#v=onepage&q=japanese%20internment%20camps%20life%20inside&f=false. Accessed 10 Feb. 2023. This book very specifically details the process of the Japanese internment camps as well as what it was like inside of the internment camps (art, day to day, etc.) I believe this will be a helpful source for my map.

Pettersen, William. Success Story, Japanese-American Style. 9 Jan. 1966. This piece almost seems to justify what was done to Japanese-Americans because it “made them better” and tries to argue that how we treat minorities is not to blame because their levels of success are completely based on “how hard they work”, undercutting the plight and discrimination of black people in the United States.

Densho Digital Repository. “Ddr-Manz-1-112-15 — Toshiko Aiboshi Interview Segment 15 | Densho Digital Repository.” Ddr.densho.org, ddr.densho.org/interviews/ddr-manz-1-112-15/?tableft=segments. Accessed 20 Jan. 2011. This series of interviews with Tokisho Aiboshi documents her specific experience through the process of the internment camps and provides insight into how young Nisei children experienced the confusing and rash decisions of government officials.

https://ddr.densho.org/interviews/ddr-manz-1-1-1/

Dennis- orphan in the children’s village

Saavedra, Martin. Early Childhood Conditions and Mortality: Evidence from Japanese American Internment ∗. University of Pittsburgh, 20 Aug. 2013. What’s interesting about this source is that it documents long-term health impacts caused by internment camps. I believe this will contribute to my map because I hope to map the effects that internment camps had beyond the war.

López-Calvo, Ignacio. One World Periphery Reads the Other. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 14 Dec. 2009, p. 130. I had not realized before reading this that Japanese people living in Latin American countries were affected by the concentration camps. People of Japanese descent living in countries like Peru were located and deported to the United States so they could be sent to concentration camps and after the fact were denied re-entry. Not only had the US nearly forgotten about them after the war, the countries they had come from used this as a way of keeping them out of their countries, while they were lenient with German immigrants.

https://time.com/5743555/wwii-incarceration-japanese-latin-americans/

Yoshida, Helen. “Redress and Reparations for Japanese American Incarceration.” The National WWII Museum | New Orleans, 13 Aug. 2021, www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/redress-and-reparations-japanese-american-incarceration. This article follows the story of Amy Iwasaki Mass and others, who was just a young girl when incarcerated. Mass went on to become a social worker who helped with the Civil Liberties Act of 1988. This article describes the lengthy process of receiving reparations for Japanese Americans. For my map, I would like to highlight the amount of time and processes that it took to even get to this point, and hopefully point out the areas it failed to address as well.

Fickle, Tara. “NO-NO BOY’S DILEMMA: GAME THEORY AND JAPANESE AMERICAN INTERNMENT LITERATURE.” Modern Fiction Studies, vol. 60, no. 4, 2014, pp. 740–66. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26421755. Accessed 10 Feb. 2023. In No No Boy’s Dilema, Tara Fickle attempts to use game theory to explain how Asian-Americans and more specifically Japanese-Americans have been used as pawns and also the way in which the government viewed its own citizens as players.

Tokunaga, Yu. “Japanese Internment as an Agricultural Labor Crisis: Wartime Debates over Food Security versus Military Necessity.” Southern California Quarterly, vol. 101, no. 1, 2019, pp. 79–113. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27085976. Accessed 10 Feb. 2023. This article discusses the very real change in agricultural production because of Japanese internment. One thing I really like about this source is that it reminds me of our Nation’s continued prioritization of militarization over the general public’s well being. This applies to the overuse of police force currently as opposed to social reform and it also applies in this article to the food shortage caused by the rash and racist military decision to impose internment camps.

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jsbmarketresearch01 · 1 year

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India's Union Budget Highlights 2023, Change in New Tax Rates, Green Energy Boost, and More

Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman presented the Union Budget 2023 following the notion of Amrit Kaal, saying that the economic growth for the current year is estimated at 7%. For FY2024, the fiscal deficit will be at 5.9% from 6.4% in FY2023. The same may come down to 4.5% in 2025-26. New tax regime to become the default tax regime. It entails lower tax rates for Hindu Undivided Families and individuals if they do not avail of the specified deductions and exemptions such as interest on a home loan, house rent allowance, and investments as per Section 80C.

The new tax regime rates are nil for income up to Rs. 3 lakhs. 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30% is applicable for income bracket for Rs. 3 lakhs to Rs. 6 lakhs, Rs. 6 lakhs to Rs. 9 lakhs, Rs. 9 lakhs to Rs. 12 lakhs, Rs. 12 lakhs to Rs. 15 lakhs, and over Rs. 15 lakhs, respectively.

Individuals with income of Rs 15.5 lakh and beyond can benefit from a standard deduction of Rs 52,500 in the new tax regime.

But you can still choose to be under the old tax regime. The old tax regime will not apply taxes on income up to Rs. 2.5 lakhs. 5%, 15%, 20%, and 30% tax are applicable on the income bracket of Rs. 2.5 to Rs. 5 lakhs, Rs. 5 to Rs. 7.5 lakhs, and over Rs. 10 lakhs, respectively.

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Here are further updates announced in the Union Budget this year:

Relief for MSMEs by investing in green energy. An outlay of Rs. 35,000 crores for investment into energy transition.

A new scheme to supply food grains was implemented from 1 January 2023 to priority households and all Antaodaya for the next year. An agricultural accelerator fund for entrepreneurs in rural areas launching start-ups to develop innovative and affordable solutions for farmers.

16% hike in customs duty for cigarettes. Plan of 100 labs for 5G solutions for engineering colleges. Data embassies are to be set up in IFSC Gift City for digital continuity solutions. Government to set up a National Financial information repository.

Emergency Credit Line Guarantee Scheme (ECLGS) extended up to March 2023. Expansion in guarantee cover by Rs. 50,000 crores with a total of Rs. 5 lakh crores as cover. This added amount will be exclusively utilized for hospitality and related companies.

50 additional water aerodromes, airports, and landing grounds for regional air connectivity intended to push up the existing UDAAN scheme.

From April 2023, Rs. 9,000 crore corpus for Credit Guarantee for MSME.

Phase 3 of eCourts with an outlay of Rs. 7,000 crores, which will replicate the offline processes but on a digital platform.

To boost the tourism sector, 50 destinations are selected via challenge mode – virtual and physical connectivity, tourism guides, and security available on an application to improve the tourist experience.

Green credit program under the Environment Protection act. Green hydrogen production by 2030 to reach 5 million tonnes. The government will set up a battery storage capacity of 4,000 MWH.

5% compressed biogas mandate to every entity that markets natural gas in the country. It will facilitate the transportation segment with an increase in CBG production.

To access anonymized data, the government will build a national data governance framework.

Rs. 2.40 lakh crore for Indian Railways, a 9 times hike from the outlay stated in 2013-14.

Mission to eradicate sickle cell anemia by the year 2047. It will consist of universal screening of 7 crore people in the age group of 0 to 40 years in tribal areas.

Set up of Urban Infrastructure Development Fund to meet the shortfall in priority sector lending. Rs. 1000 crores annually allocated. National Housing Bank to manage this fund.

Replacement of vehicles by the central government in order to upscale sales of automobiles and electric vehicles.

PAN or Permanent Account Number will be a single business identifier across digital systems on an integrated system for state and central-level departments.

Preparation of a National Cooperative database for de-centralized storage capacity to facilitate the setting up of dairy cooperative societies, farms, and fisheries for the next 5 years in uncovered villages in order to promote allied agricultural activities.

National mission with Rs. 15,000 crore proposal for vulnerable tribes to help with clean water, health, basic infrastructure, sanitation, and sustainable livelihood opportunities.

National digital library to provide quality books to adolescents and children across the nation to make up for the losses in education because of the pandemic.

Compared to capital expenditure allocation in 2022-23 of Rs. 7.5 lakh crore, for 2023-24, the amount has been increased to Rs. 10 lakh crores to encourage investment activity. Outlay of Rs. 1.3 lakh crore for infrastructure investment by government and continuation of interest-free loans for 50 years to state governments in this respect.

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indizombie · 1 year

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The National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (MDM Scheme), launched in August 1995 emphasises on the provision of cooked meals with a minimum of 450 – 700 calories and 8-12 grams of proteins and was further converted by the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013 into a legal right upto Class 8. Over 94% of the children in government and government aided schools come from Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe, Other Backward Classes and minority communities. For a majority of children in government schools who are from marginalised communities and malnourished, garlic, onion and eggs form an important part of their diets, limited only by the factor of affordability. Eggs have been denied to children as part of the mid-day meals in schools for several years. Described as the ‘menstrual discharge’ of the hen, eggs are labelled as ‘sinful’, ‘violent’, and agitating the senses, with egg eaters deserving to be ‘destroyed’. If, instead of this unscientific propaganda, the nutritional value of eggs had been the primary deciding factor, children would have been given eggs as part of the mid-day meal scheme on 5 days of the week.

Dr Sylvia Karpagam, ‘A critical look at Indian healthcare‘, Aura

#Aura #Sylvia Karpagam #India #National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education #National Food Security Act #Scheduled Castes #Scheduled Tribes #Other Backward Classes #minority communities #children in government schools #garlic #onion #eggs #affordability #unscientific propaganda #nutritional value #mid-day meal scheme

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freelawbydjure · 1 year

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Maternity Benefit Act of 1961: Rights of Working Mothers

Introduction

Maternity Benefit Act, 1961

The Maternity Benefit (MB) Act of 1961 was introduced to provide benefits to women employees during the time of their maternity and ensures that they receive a salary during their absence from work in order to take care of a newborn child. The main motive of this Act is to reduce or remove the obstacles faced by female employees while entailing the journey of motherhood. It also allows working women to enable work-life balance as well as their choice of having a child. This Act was passed by the Union of India on 12 December 1961 which includes conditional benefits to female employees related to childbirth, complications, and pregnancy. Under this Act, various facilities are provided to female employees in order to overcome the state of motherhood peacefully and honorably without any fear of facing issues in the job due to absence in the pre or postnatal period. According to the MB Act, an employer cannot terminate, fire, or dismiss a pregnant woman on the grounds of her pregnancy. Also, it is against the law to change the terms of her employment as well as to deduct her salary based on light work and breaks for breastfeeding. There are different sections that cover all maternity benefits available in the Act which are further divided into certain categories as discussed below:

Employment and payment-related benefits: Section 4 (Prohibition of women’s employment or work in certain cases), Section 5 (Right to payment), Section 7 (Payment in case of death of women), and Section 8 (Medical bonus payment).

Leave-related benefits: Section 9 (Leave for miscarriage, medical termination of pregnancy, or others) and Section 10 (Illness leave due to pregnancy, tubectomy operation, premature birth of child, miscarriage or medical termination of pregnancy).

Breaks and dismissal-related benefits: Section 11 (Nursing breaks), Section 12 (Dismissal during the absence of pregnancy), Section 13 (Deduction of wages is prohibited in certain cases), and Section 18 (Forfeiture of provided benefits under MB Act).

Provisions and Benefits of the Maternity Benefit Act

Maternity leave duration: According to the Maternity Benefit Act, every woman is entitled to maternity benefits of twelve weeks which cannot be availed before six weeks from the date of expected delivery. After Amendment 2017, this time period was changed to 8 weeks whereas maternity leave was increased to 26 weeks.

Adoptive and Commissioning mothers: Maternity leave of twelve weeks is granted to both adoptive and commissioning mothers, calculated from the date the child is handed over to them. Commissioning mothers are defined as biological mothers who impart their eggs to create an embryo that is further implanted in another woman. Adoptive mothers are those who legally adopt a child below three years of age.

Tubectomy cases: After the tubectomy operation, women can opt for two weeks' leave under the MB Act of 1961. Before opting for this benefit, proper documentation is required to be submitted to the employer.

Leave for Miscarriage: In case of miscarriage or medical termination of the pregnancy, women can opt for six weeks' leave after the production of medical documents.

Post-pregnancy illness: There may be a case where women might suffer from critical illness post-pregnancy; therefore, MB Act allows them to take one month's leave for recovery.

Healthcare Incentive: Under the Maternity Benefit Act of 1961, monetary help is also provided by the Central Government to expecting mothers in which they are given INR 3500. Alongside, under the National Food Security Act of 2013, a minimum of INR 6000 bonus is allowed for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers.

Appointment and power of Inspectors: In order to enforce the MB act, Inspectors (mostly Public Servants) are appointed by the government. An inspector has the ability to perform an inquiry on his own regarding mistreatment towards pregnant women or by complaint given by the employer. If the complaint turns out to be correct, the employer is directed to pay the employee whereas if an employee is not satisfied with the inspector’s decision then he/she can apply for an appeal to the prescribed authority.

You can also go through “Contribution of Tribunals in Delivering Justice"

2017 Amendment

This Amendment was introduced by the Minister for Labour and Employment (Mr. Bandaru Dattatreya) in the Rajya Sabha and was coupled with the Ministry of Women and Child Development aiming for maternity benefits for women. After the 259th Law Commission Report, the 2017 Amendment was introduced which stated that maternity benefits should be increased to 180 days and should be made available in the State. Every woman including those who work in the unorganized sector should be provided with all maternity benefits. Moreover, proper guidelines should be introduced highlighting paid maternity leaves provided by employers in the private sector.