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maryanntorreson · 3 years

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10 incredible women in history you should know

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A few years ago, I began to notice that the people I taught about in my World History classes were, more often than not, European men.

When women were included in the state curriculum, they felt like token inclusions who were often related to men and discussed in proximity to them; not as independent actors. They were often queens or empresses, and only a few women of “normal” status made our lessons. I began the work of analyzing my World History lessons to make them more inclusive and diverse. I found that by including women with different backgrounds, fields, and from different parts of the world, I could provide students with role models they could identify with, and remind male students that women are capable of greatness too.

Here’s some additional good news: we don’t need to carve out a single month, special lesson, or unit, to incorporate women into our lessons. First, when planning, I ensure that I include women next to their male colleagues in all my materials. Then, when executing the lessons, I tell these women’s stories in as well-rounded a way as possible because it’s not just who we teach about— it’s how we approach their story that can give it power.

For example, when I teach about Cleopatra, I don’t just talk about her in relation to Julius Caesar or Marc Antony— I spend time discussing how she was a linguist, and the first Greek of the Ptolemaic line ruling Egypt who learned to speak Egyptian; she was a scholar and a woman who understood her people. When I teach about women like the Empress Josephine or Marie Antoinette, I discuss their emotions, letters, relationships, and struggles in unhappy marriages.

In all narratives that we share, male and female alike, we have the opportunity to humanize history, to make people on pages relatable by talking about their emotions, their mental health, and their experiences. When we bring them to life for students, we draw students into history.

I polled my students, past and present, to ask them which figures they remember most, and I have included some of their favorites as well my own. Here are 10 amazing women you should know and share, from the 300s CE to the 1900s CE:

1. Hypatia (c. 370 CE – March 415 CE) – Ancient Rome

Hypatia of Alexandria was a philosopher, mathematician, and teacher, born in Alexandria, Egypt around 370 CE, just before Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire. She was the daughter of a mathematician who taught her math and astronomy, and trained her in Neo-Platonic philosophy. She joined her father as a teacher at the University of Alexandria, and was a beloved teacher who fostered an open environment, teaching pagans, Jews, and Christians.

Both her presence as a female teacher and her insistence on an accepting classroom in an increasingly hostile religious atmosphere of early Christian Rome made her courses unusual and that much more coveted. She was widely known for her love of learning and expertise, but in 415 CE, due to her high profile and power as a non-Christian woman, she was targeted by a mob of Christian monks who killed her in the streets. They then also burned the University of Alexandria, forcing the artists, philosophers, and intellectuals to flee the city. Hypatia’s life models open-mindedness, generosity, and a love of learning, and her death is often discussed as a watershed turning point in the Classical world.

Topics you can connect her to in history include the connections between Roman and Greek philosophy, and the rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire. Students have loved learning about a woman who taught in such an open-minded way, and learning she is one of my role models too.

2. Empress Theodora (c. 497 – c. 548) – The Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empress Theodora was born into a circus family in Constantinople, just after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Her father likely worked as a bear trainer in the Hippodrome, and a young Theodora, it was said, took work as an actress and dancer. The Byzantine Emperor Justinian encountered her one day and, taken by her beauty, determined to marry her. However, because she was a commoner and had a bit of a reputation, special laws had to be passed in order for them to marry.

Though she never technically co-ruled the empire with Justinian, she had significant influence and power, and was a trusted advisor who promoted religious and social policies, many of which benefited women. Some of which included altering divorce laws and prohibiting the traffic of young women. Her name was listed in nearly all laws passed, she had regular communication with other foreign rulers, and received foreign envoys. Empress Theodora is credited with helping stabilize Justinian’s power after she urged him to stand his ground during the Nika revolt of 532 CE.

Topics you can connect her to in history include the Byzantine Empire, naturally, and students have told me they love her backstory and how she fought for women’s rights. They also enjoy how she pushed Justinian to make him a better ruler.

3. Sappho of Lesbos (c. 620 – c. 570 BCE) – Ancient Greece

Sappho of Lesbos was a lyric poet of Ancient Greece who was so famous during her life that statues were created in her honor. She was praised by Plato and other Greek writers, and her peers referred to her as the “Tenth Muse” and “The Poetess.” Very few fragments of her work survived because she wrote in a very specific dialect, Aeolic Greek, which was difficult for later Latin writers to translate.

Her poetry was lyric poetry – to be accompanied by the lyre – and was sung frequently at the parties of high-ranking Greeks. She wrote about passion, loss, and deep human emotions. Some of her surviving poems imply she may have had romantic relationships with women, and thus from her name we get the etymology of “lesbians” and “sapphic.”

Topics you can connect her to in history include the ancient Greeks and Greek philosophy and art. Every year, I have female students who have told me that they valued her inclusion because it was the first time they had heard about an LGBTQ+ person in their history class, and the representation meant so much to them.

4. Margery Kempe (c. 1373 – c. 1440 CE) – Middle Ages Europe

Margery Kempe was an English mystic and traveler, and is also the author of the first autobiography in the English language. She was the mother to 14 children. After her first child was born, Margery had a traumatic postpartum experience of a form of psychosis; for months she was catatonic, experiencing visions, and was tied to her bed for her own safety. For the rest of her life she would experience these visions, and later on she would leave her family and travel on pilgrimages to Spain, Jerusalem, Rome, and Germany.

Margery was known to weep loudly at various shrines and this behavior did not endear her to leaders in the church. She also insisted on wearing white like a nun, seeking specific permission to do so. She narrated her life and travels upon her return to two clerks who wrote it down on her behalf, so it is a unique book in that it shares her very specific life experiences in her own voice. Margery is a conflicting person to teach about because of her mysticism: do we discuss her experiences and travels through the lens of religion, or mental health? Historians often opt for both, as we seek to understand her contributions and life.

Topics you can connect her to in history include Christianity, the Middle Ages in Europe, and travel narratives like those of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta. My students remember Margery fondly, and she makes their list of favorites consistently. They like how we talk about her through the lens of mental health and that she pursued what she believed despite naysayers.

5. Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba (c. 1581 – c. 1663 CE) – Post-Classical Africa

Njinga Mbandi was a warrior queen of modern Angola. She was born to a concubine of the king of Ndongo and as a daughter, it was unlikely she would take the throne, so her father allowed her to attend many of his important meetings and negotiations, and also allowed her to be trained as a warrior and educated fully. When her half-brother took the throne after their father’s death, he had her infant son killed and Njinga fled to nearby Matamba, but returned when her brother begged her to negotiate on behalf of her people with the rapidly encroaching Portuguese. Njinga did so successfully, due to her notably diplomatic skills and her insistence on respect from the Portuguese, going so far as to refuse to sit lower than them during the negotiations. She won significant concessions from the Portuguese.

When her brother died, Njinga took the throne; at various points during her reign, Njinga was deposed, regained power, lost territory, and gained it. She struggled against the Portuguese to maintain her peoples’ independence. Ultimately, when Njinga died at the age of 81, she left behind a stable kingdom that would be led by women for the majority of the next 100 years. While Ndongo was eventually taken by the Portuguese, Matamba maintained its independence through the 1900s.

Topics you can connect her to in history include Africa and the age of European exploration, as well as African resistance to Europeans. I think it’s important that we show examples of successful resistance and a powerful legacy.

6. Artemisia Gentileschi (c. 1593 – c. 1654) – Renaissance Europe

Artemisia Gentileschi was born in Rome to a gifted painter. Her father trained her to paint and even hired a tutor for her; ultimately this ended in tragedy, as the tutor raped Artemisia. There was a horrific trial and Artemisia was tortured with thumbscrews for “the truth.” Artemisia left for Florence, had a family, and was the first woman to gain membership to the Academy of the Arts of Drawing. She went back to paint in Rome for a time, as well as London where she painted in the court of Charles I, and then settled in Naples.

While in Florence, she painted for Michelangelo the Younger in the Casa Buonoratti, and was paid more than her male peers for her time and efforts. Artemisia’s work is profound, passionate, unabashed, and reclaims the space of women in the stories told about them. She makes women her focal points, her heroines, and paints them in positions of strength, and often revenge.

A topic you can connect her to in history is of course the Renaissance. Artemisia has stuck for many of my female students who have experienced sexual assault or harassment. They have expressed to me that they are inspired by her strength and find solace in her paintings. One of my students even went on to do her senior capstone all about Artemisia, two years after taking my class.

7. Malintzin/Malinche/Doña Marina (c. 1500 – c. 1550) – Colonial Americas

Born to a local chieftain in Central America and a mother whose family ruled a nearby village, Malintzin (or Malinali, or Malinche) was of high rank on both sides of her family. When her father died and her mother remarried, she was secretly sold into slavery so her brother would inherit the land that was her birthright. Malintzin was sold to several tribes, and over the course of her life would learn to speak Maya, Nahuatl, and later Spanish.

She was eventually given to Hernán Cortés and his men in 1519, and upon realizing her skill as a translator, Cortes came to rely on her. Malinztin was baptised as Doña Marina, and traveled with the Spanish for the next few years as they battled or negotiated with various Indigenous groups in the Aztec Empire. She provided cultural context and insight as well as communication skills. Without her, Spanish success in the region would have been difficult to achieve. By 1521, Cortes had conquered the Aztecs and needed her to help him govern. She was given several pieces of land around Mexico City as a reward.

Topics you can connect her to in history include Spanish conquest of the Americas and Indigenous peoples of the Americas. We talk about her complicated legacy as she is viewed by some as a traitor to her people, and to others as a woman who was enslaved and did the best she could to survive in difficult circumstances. My students typically find her a fascinating and sympathetic figure, a woman who did all she could to survive and thrive in adversity.

8. Olympe de Gouges (May 7, 1748 – November 3, 1793) – Enlightenment Europe

Olympe de Gouges, born Marie Gouze, was a political activist and writer during the French Revolution. Married off against her will at the young age of 16, she renamed herself Olympe de Gouges after her husband’s death and moved to Paris. She pursued her education there and rose to a high status in Parisian society. She would host salons for thinkers of the time and would write poetry, plays, and political pamphlets. De Gouges was a pacifist, an abolitionist, and wanted an end to the death penalty. She wanted a tax plan that allowed wealth to be spread more evenly, with welfare for the less fortunate and protections for women and children.

De Gouges was in favor of the French Revolution, but when the Revolution failed to provide the equality it claimed it would, she grew critical. The Revolution was in many ways built on the backs of women: women were some of the first to march against the king and take up arms and they served on the front lines of France’s battles against other European powers. Yet women were not being provided the true “egalite” promised in terms of rights as citizens.

De Gouges wrote her most famous work in response to this, “The Declaration of the Rights of Women” (1791). It was a direct play on The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen that was part of the first French Constitution. She became increasingly vocal, and in 1793 she was arrested by the revolutionary government and guillotined.

Topics you can connect with Olympe de Gouges, as well as Mary Wollstonecraft, include Enlightenment writers and the Age of Revolutions; it is unfair for Voltaire and Montesquieu to get all the limelight! Her ideas resonate for my students as being very modern, and they appreciate that she never backed down from her convictions and is a model of courage.

9. Manuela Sáenz (December 27, 1797–November 23, 1856) – Revolutionary Americas

Manuela Sáenz is the illegitimate daughter of a Spanish military officer and an Ecuadorian noblewoman. Her childhood included a traditional education in a convent, as well as learning how to ride and shoot. When she was 17, her father arranged her marriage to an English doctor who was nearly twice her age, James Thorne. She moved with him to Lima, Peru, where she was connected with revolutionaries who were interested in overthrowing the Spanish in Latin America.

She returned to Quito, Ecuador in 1822, and met the revolutionary leader Simón Bolívar. They fell in love and would occasionally live together and go on campaign together. Manuela would go into battle with Bolívar in the cavalry, and was promoted from captain to colonel; she even saved Bolívar from assassination at least twice. She was also given the Order of the Sun, the highest military honor in the revolutionary government. Upon Bolívar’s exile and death in 1830, Manuela had no resources and lived the rest of her life in a small coastal village in Peru, making money by writing letters for sailors, including Herman Melville. She died in a diphtheria outbreak and was buried in a mass grave. Her role in Latin America’s independence has only recently been recognized, and she was granted an Honorary General title in Ecuador in 2007.

Topics you can connect her to in history include Latin American revolutions and the Enlightenment. My students find her time as a soldier and spy endlessly interesting! I enjoy including women, particularly in this period, who went into battle, such as the women of France who fought in the revolutionary wars. I have female JROTC students who like knowing they are part of a long tradition.

10. Lyudmila Pavlichenko (July 12, 1916 – October 27, 1974) – World War II

Lyudmila Pavlichenko was born in Ukraine and was one of the best snipers in history. She pursued sharp shooting when in school and fought for the Red Army of the Soviet Union during World War II as a trained sniper. She soon began to rack up an impressive tally of kills, reaching 309 in just a few months on the frontline.

The German soldiers knew her by name, and she would engage in some of the most dangerous fighting, sniper seeking sniper. She was wounded four times in battle, and in 1942 she took shrapnel in her face.

She was sent to the United States to tour and drum up American support for the war effort, as the USSR and USA were allies at the time and the USSR depended on continued American engagement. She was often frustrated when asked by American journalists about issues around makeup, clothing, or hair. Finally, she spoke during a tour and said “Gentlemen. I am 25-years-old and I have killed 309 fascist occupants by now. Don’t you think, gentlemen, that you have been hiding behind my back for too long?” This was greeted by a roar of applause.

She got to know Eleanor Roosevelt during this tour and they became good friends. Upon her return to the USSR, Pavlichenko was promoted to major, awarded the Gold Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union, and received the Order of Lenin twice. She continued training other Soviet snipers, and then when the war ended, finished her education at Kiev University and became a historian and research assistant for the Soviet Navy.

Topics you can connect her to in history include World War II and the Cold War. Students adore her story: they find her sass, grit, and action movie skills endlessly fascinating.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Caitlin Tripp is a teacher and curriculum writer for Atlanta Public Schools. Born and raised in West Africa and Latin America, she loves to travel and learn more about the places she visits. She is passionate about women’s history, and in her free time enjoys snuggling up to a history documentary with her husband and their two cats.

Caitlin Tripp originally shared how to incorporate women into history lessons in her Educator Talk submitted through the TED Masterclass for Education program. To learn more about how TED Masterclass for Education inspires educators to develop their ideas into TED-style Talks, visit https://masterclass.ted.com/educator

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save-the-spiral · 4 years

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fellow wiz/tma fan here: if your wizards were in the TMA universe, what fears do you think they would serve?

(link to entities page on The Magnus Archives Wiki, comprised ENTIRELY of spoilers.)

This is completely incomprehensible unless you listen to like an entire like three seasons of podcast. Luckily, I have, because I’m HYPERFIXATING bitches.

This is my full list of current OCs (aside from wicked beau wright, who is SO undeveloped I dont even KNOW), not all are developed, feel free to ask about them. I have a google doc to keep track or I FORGET. if anyone wants me to do npcs hit me up, im already planning one for the eleven w101 schools and 5 p101 classes.

ALSO I TURNED AROUND AT ONE POINT AND THOUGHT THE LAMP BEHIND ME WAS AN EYE. SO IM DOING GREAT. (ALSO HAD TO TURN A LIGHT ON AFTER A BIT)

WIZARD101

Irisi- The End. Her fear of ghosts, the undead, and the inevitability of death ruled her for a time. She had to overcome it, venture deep into previously resting tombs, entangle with mummies, wraiths, banshees, and simple ghosts. She found a fondness in learning their stories, and she watches her aging adoptive father, Alhazred, and wonders when he will turn into something that simply stops, or if he will linger, and they will chat.

Mahamari Jade- The Buried. Her life magic is nurtured by the earth, and that was a quick fall into allowing herself to be buried alive, to choke on the mud and clay. She had a fear of being confined into one role, and broke free. But now the rock and dirt fuel her magic, the worms nurture it, and she finds a detached peace in returning to the earth from whence she came.

Emrys Pyre- The Lonely. He has self isolated ever since his first great trauma, believing if he had not been a fool, had not dragged his younger sister along, he could have prevailed on his own. It is his deepest failing, and the Forsaken has hooked him deeply in his belief that he alone can survive.

Quyen Jade (Serpentine King)- The Hunt. While others prefer a more active chase in the hunt, there is an aspect of waiting. Not all predators can spend their days racing after the next meal. Lions sleep for most of their day, after all. Snakes as well, feasting only when necessary. When Quyen finds the necessary moment, and strikes, he never hesitates, and the venom and blood call to him.

Morelle RavenHunter- The Hunt. When slighted by the Ravens of Grizzleheim, she began to hunt them down, to prove a point. It is how she gained that name, Raven Hunter. She gave that name to her wife and child, as well.

Morae RavenHunter- The Slaughter. She is not an active avatar, one touched but not guided. Her chronic pain, caused by a sudden attack fueled only by bigotry and ignorance, haunts her. That, as well as her own organs waging war, causing pain, lead to a fear of that pain, a fear of sudden attacks.

Ianthe RavenHunter- The Corruption. His magic has always taken well to fungus, to mushrooms that feed on decay. At first her fascination with pretty, bio-luminescent mushrooms drew her in, but how quickly we fall once we get a taste.

Leo Nightside- The End. For all he loves animals, finds them good companions, he is a necromancer. His respect for death only extends as far as he is willing to bend the rules.

Noah DreamTamer- The Stranger. He has redefined himself so often he forgets who he was, doesn’t want to know the person he was born as. He loses people. He doesn’t remember her voice, how tall she was. He has to become someone he is not to continue on, and not simply stop in place and never move again, not even to breathe.

Haley RainTamer- The Vast. Her fear of heights is unrivaled, ever since a bad broomstick accident where she broke her wrist at age 10 or so. One day the sky will claim her, and until then, she will look up, practicing the magic of the storms that she allows herself to believe rule it.

Fledge- The Desolation. They are so angry, stolen from their home. They are willing to inflict that pain on any who stand in their way, to take short cuts, to technically get the job done to ‘save the spiral’. They find a certain dark joy in how the professors and students of Ravenwood Academy despair when they hear of the fight taking place outside of their own world.

Ursae- The Vast. Not the sky, but the sea. She is a mermaid, of Celestia. Not many know of the deep trenches, the branching and convoluted caves under the sea, the endless darkness. She survives there, and stares back out of the endless depths.

Kestrel RainbowWeaver- The Eye. She sits idly by, content in her passive inaction. She was locked away in a time vault in Dragonspyre, and escaped. Her current events became history books and scrolls. So now, she smiles vacantly from her blacksmithing shop, and asks for idle gossip, and learns about Wizard City.

Elissa Silvertusk- The Web. Taken in, pulled by her own lack of initiative. Her life changed from where it was before, being pulled and puppeted by her mother’s vindictive whims, until now she lives in the web’s embrace, following orders, content to allow someone else to do the worrying, and let herself be dragged along.

PIRATE101

Darling Alexander Dove- The Flesh. He has no concept of the sanctity of sentient bodies. He holds no respect. Of course, he derives no entertainment when his victims are dead, unable to struggle, unable to dance alongside him in a macabre display of skills and how prettily a blade can cut into skin, fur, feathers, and then deep into the muscle, the bone, the flesh itself. It takes a long time to recognize what has gripped him.

Darcy ‘Rusty’ Rhode- The Stranger. She becomes who you expect. She is docile, dumb, ditsy. She giggles at what you say even when it is not funny. Her eyes glint with excitement at the simplest of things, cooing over you. She is just another dumb broad, a woman who flips her long hair and drawls out things, bats her eyes. She becomes someone you do not know when she strikes, kicking you down and then again, pulling out a pistol and winking as if it is a joke you were both in on when she fires right between your eyes.

Zenobia Ire- The Vast. She lost her parents to the storm. She grew up having a connection to it, fearing it, but the way the thunder in those vicious Grizzleheim storms would thrum through her body like knuckles rapping against the tight skin of a drum, it calls to her.

Carlyle Nightngale- The Spiral. He lies, of course. Easily. He is a man of science, but nonetheless, no one can know in this Pirating side of the Spiral. So he tells tall tales of witchdoctors, the same thing every one of these ‘hoodoo practictioners’ claim, even if it’s all a ruse so they all can practice their own spirituality or science in peace. He never tells people what he is doing, simply smiling until they think they are in on what doesn’t exist.

Vitale Florus- The Lonely. He has been consumed by his on insecurities, but even before that, he was one of the few humans alone in a sea of automatons. All he was raised by was cold machinery. So he sits, alone, and tends to a secret garden he knows would be destroyed if he let anyone know. It is easier to not speak to anyone else.

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cinnalock · 4 years

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Mond Twins Profile (TWST)

((Okay, my original plan was that I was just going to stew on their backstory until we learned more about Twisted Wonderland’s world and lore, but after looking through old Disney movies, I was struck with inspiration and decided to create their backstories from that inspiration.

Last Edited: 5-15-2020, added TWST-profile information))

BASIC INFO

FULL NAME(S): Thomas Mond / Katherine Mond

GENDER: male / female

AGE: 18

BIRTHDAY: November 21

STARSIGN: Scorpio

HEIGHT: 188cm / 173cm

EYE COLOR: green

HAIR COLOR: burnt orange

HOMELAND: Kingdom of Prophecy (original), Land of Pyroxene (lie/fabricated backstory)

DORM: Ignihyde / Chateau Beastiale

SCHOOL YEAR: 3rd

CLASS: 3-C (13) / 3-B (17)

OCCUPATION: student, freelance entrepreneurs

CLUB: board game / gardening research

BEST SUBJECT: ancient incantations / obstacle run

DOMINANT HAND: right

FAVORITE FOOD: chestnuts (chicken curry=favorite dish)

LEAST FAVORITE FOOD: caviar / strong cheeses

DISLIKES: dancing / big dogs

HOBBY: flute playing / shopping

TALENTS: herbology / playing the electone

APPEARANCE

picture by AmberAnimeCommission

Thomas is a young lad of standard build and a lean, strong body. He has long, dark orange hair normally kept in a loose braid. He has narrow, but kind eyes that are a deep green color. He wears glasses due to farsightedness.

Katherine is a young lady of standard build with an hourglass shape. She has long, dark orange hair normally kept in a loose braid. She has gentle, but mature eyes in a shade of vibrant green. She wears glasses due to nearsightedness.

The Tale of Red Fur

((This is the twins’ backstory in “story” form. It’s inspired by the mystique, “hinting at original Disney lore” way Twisted Wonderland references old Disney characters and aspects.))

Several hundred years ago, a glorious kingdom stood strong under its reigning king. On a cold autumn morning, a harsh winter threatened to swarm through the land in due time, the king's young grandson watched in horror as a hawk descended upon an innocent squirrel. The young boy tried so hard in vain to strike the bird down with his bow and arrow, and watched as the hunter disappeared into the forest with his prey. Downcast at being unable to save the small creature's life, the prince withdrew his attack, and began heading back to the castle until the sounded of distressed chirping rang through his ears. Tracking the source of the noise, he came upon a nest of two squirrel kits, their fur matching the shade of the victim he'd seen earlier. For awhile he waited in hiding for the mother's return, and when she did not and the cries grew louder, he resigned that the poor kits were truly orphaned.

The prince retrieved the kits from their nest, their concerned, confused cries deafening his ears before they fell silent with exhaustion, soothed to sleep by the warmth of his palms. He returned to the castle with his furry boon, asking for the king's guidance in how to care for the creatures. Seeing the kits' warm shade of red fur, a fond memory befell the king. A memory of his youth, one full of exhilaration...and the slightest pang of guilt. The king smiled at his grandson, assuring the young boy they would do everything to help the kits survive the winter.

The kits were doted upon by the king and prince, and grew strong with their love and care. As the winter grew colder, the king fell with an illness from the frigid weather. His grandson and the growing kits warmed his heart during this difficult time, but he was unable to overcome the ailment. The king's body vanished when his last breath came to pass.

The kingdom mourned, but his son's coronation soon followed. The grandson continued to mourn, and when the snow began to melt and the time for the kits to return to the wild came, the prince was unable to let them leave as he feared the same fate that had befallen their mother would await them. His parents, though proud of their son's empathy, bade him to not spoil the creatures, wishing for them to return to nature. With his son unwilling to yield, the new king wished a favor from an old acquaintance from his father, a grand, elderly wizard. In the dark of night, the wizard and grown kits disappeared from the kingdom. The prince was distraught, but came to accept that the squirrels had returned to the wild.

The wizard wasn't seen again for hundreds of years, and the memory of the young squirrels he helped raise faded from the prince with time. As an adult, he told his own children the legends that had befallen the land, from the brilliant victories of his grandfather to the superstition that if a child misbehaved and wandered too far into the land's forests, they would be lured to the cottage of a cruel, purple-haired witch by a pair of redheaded twins she was rumored to have kidnapped and tutored in the ways of dark magic. The superstition was a frightening story as he told it, knowing of all the disappearances that had befallen several children in the years prior, though he wasn't sure if he believed the tale himself. As time passed, fewer and fewer children vanished from the kingdom, and the superstition became just another frightening tale to trick children into behaving. Many people claimed to have still sighted the purple witch, however the twins were heavily believed to have resulted from a storyteller's enthusiasm.

The Twins

((This is is the twins’ story verbatim. Realizing the fanciful “tale” above came from wanting to relate to Twisted Wonderland’s way of telling the universe’s history, I decided being straightforward about their backstory would clear up a lot of confusion about them going forward.))

Thomas and Katherine were born as squirrels in medieval England. When their mother was killed by a hawk (their father suffering a similar fate before), they were saved as kits by an elderly King Arthur and his grandson nurturing them through the winter. Arthur fell to illness from the harsh weather in his old age and passed away. When his son took the crown, the grandson did not want to release the twins back into the wild when spring came, heartbroken at the thought of them dying like their mother or his grandfather. Worried about his son's attachment to the squirrels, the new king asked Merlin to release them into safety and watch over them to make sure they could adapt to living in nature again. Merlin agreed, but the twins were easily attached to humans by this point and their comfort with him made it difficult for him to usher them back into the woods.

The twins were found by Madam Mim, who'd seen Merlin "raising" them. In an act against her old rival, she captured the twins and turned them into humans, teaching them black magic and using them to lure other victims to her cottage when they were old enough. By the time they were preteens, Merlin discovered what had happened and tried to dual Mim for their freedom. Knowing the witch's tricks, Merlin tried to transport the twins to a different period in time to hide them from Mim. The witch knew what he was attempting as he was doing it and cast a similar spell to try and hide them from Merlin. Both spells hit the twins at the same time and they were sent to where neither spell-casters could figure out.

The twins surfaced at the threshold of Night Raven College in the dead of night. Scared and with no guardian or guidance, they used their magic to revert back to being squirrels, staying at the school to figure out where they were and how to adapt. In their small, unassuming forms, they were able to hide out in lectures and listen in on conversations and, whenever night came again, they'd turn back into humans to test the skills they had seen. Their presence was not entirely unnoticed, but many assumed the noises made and messes left were the result of ghosts or rowdier students. During this time, they also learned of Diamond Crown Academy. When they came of age, they were selected by their respective schools’ magics to attend, though they lied about their origins when asked. Crowley and Citrouille were highly aware of this rouse, but also very much aware of the twins' strange circumstances of suddenly appearing on the college's campus out of nowhere. They decided letting the twins have a place of residence and get an education was the best course of action for them, especially since they were recruited by the schools and did have an aptitude for magic.

HOBBIES

Being part of the Ignihyde dorm at Night Raven College, Thomas is proficient with computer work. His special skill involves coding, able to read and make code for something as recreational as a video game or as serious as hacking into a security system. Despite the technical emphasis of his dorm, he still enjoys more active hobbies such as playing sports or hunting. His favorite hobby to relax with is playing the flute.

In semi-part of her magic training at Diamond Crown Academy, Katherine enjoys making perfumes and other beauty (mostly bath) products in her dorm at Chateau Beastiale, some of which include magic additives. Like her brother, she enjoys more active hobbies as well, particularly finding enjoyment in ballet and gymnastics. While she also enjoys baking, her favorite way to unwind is to simply shop and get elaborate manicures and spa treatments.

PERSONALITIES

While the twins don't remember their time as infant kits, the twins have very strong memories of the time spent with King Arthur and his grandson (they believe this was due to some sort of residual magic presence Arthur had gained over the years influencing them). They remember his kindness and unyielding sense of responsibility towards his family and his kingdom. When Mim turned them into humans, she treated the now-children to a very manic upbringing. While she taught them how to read, write, and do magic, she was also very scornful and quick with harsh punishments over small transgressions. Due to her unpredictable behavior, the twins were greatly afraid of her and followed her every order, no matter how ridiculous. The black magic she taught them also leeched into their minds, making them numb to their actions of luring other children to her cottage. They grew to trust only each other, frightful of Mim and unsure of how to escape her clutches. When the duel between her and Merlin resulted in them being banished to Night Raven College, their came a sense of relief for their freedom despite being worried about how they'd adapt to their new home.

The twins are frequently at odds with their own instincts. They remember their time with King Arthur fondly and want to honor his kindness, but Mim's treatment made them paranoid and resentful. They're generally soft-spoken, but there's a self-protecting air about them that makes them intimidating at first glance. However, they can be very friendly and approachable when they do bother to speak up. They're not entirely used to socializing, or at least not doing so frequently due to the long time Mim spent isolating them and them then having to hide as squirrels as they learned the modern world, but most people chalk this up to shyness. Their time with Mim lead them to learn how to be incredibly manipulative whenever they wished in order to obtain what they wanted. While they try not to behave this way to mislead kind people, they're also very self-preserving and, sometimes, feeling they "deserve" what they're aiming to get after the suffering they've endured. They are very kind and caring as they try to emulate Arthur's treatment of them, but they're also very cunning and distrustful as Mim taught them to be.

They've only really trusted each other throughout most of their lives. As such, they're going prioritize each other over all else. They grew to be able to cope with being separated physically, as they had to become accustom to it once they enrolled in different schools, but the thought of truly losing each other fills them with a sense of dread and anxiety, sometimes just the idea of it driving them to nightmares. This is one of the reasons why they're not focused on finding future spouses, as they're not ready to spend their lives with "strangers" (as squirrels mate for life). However, they are perfectly okay with flirting, dating, or light-hearted, non-committal romance.

ROMANCE PREFERENCES

The twins don't take dating very seriously. They're very open to flirting and having spirited liaisons with their peers, but when the subject of being in a committed relationship comes up, the two are quick to turn tail and run. It's not that they don't want a life partner some day, but it's only been in the past few years that they've had some sort of semblance of peace and they're not ready to fully trust others with their hearts yet.

Thomas' taste in romantic partners is very open and varied, but he prefers partners that he feel he can protect. Though not remembering his mother, he vaguely remembers hearing about her demise. It's because of this that he's terrified of not being able to be strong enough to protect his love ones, and he's insecure at the thought of not being the "strong" one in the relationship, either physically or mentally. With time, he would be able to adapt to having someone stronger and/or more mature than he is, who could help him cope with the anxiety he has about being unable to protect his family and friends. However, it would be a very long, tiring road to convincing him, and ultimately he'd need a partner with a great deal of patience. Thomas is bisexual.

Katherine has similar fears about being unable to protect her loved ones, but at her core she is afraid of being hurt (or even killed) and leaving others behind. She desires someone who can take care of her and protect her in order to put her fears to rest. However, she's a very caring person to the point where she might even prefer someone that she can protect herself, though it's very hard for her to admit this to herself. Like Thomas, she needs someone with a lot of patience as she comes to terms with how a romantic relationship is built on trust and understanding of one another's emotional needs and that it's not about whether who's "in charge" of what. Katherine is heterosexual, but bi-curious.

#mond twins

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100wendybirds · 5 years

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Enokido Yōji’s “Privacy File 3″ (Shōjo Kakumei Utena).

Enokido Yōji. "Shōjo Kakumei Utena. Privacy File Final.” Title: “Regarding “Ōtori Akio” or, “What the prince lacks.” Source Magazine: “Shōtsetu JUNE” Sept, 1999. http://kasira.blog97.fc2.com/blog-entry-109.html Note: All translations are mine. I added notes for translation choices and places where I am not too confident. Comments and amendments are welcome. This will be co-hosted with the awesome people over at Empty Movement (Ohtori.nu) upon editing. ******* Well then, we are finally nearing the opening day of the Utena film. I’m sure there are people who have already seen the trailer at the theater. I promised that we’d touch upon the climax this time. Utena and Anthy fight the prince. Two girls destroy the prince-system. That plotline is fundamentally the same. Prince. Yes, a “prince” named Ōtori Akio emerges in this work. And yet, what exactly is a “prince”?

The title “Shōjo Kakumei” (Girl’s Revolution) shows a story about girls becoming free of the things that had controlled them. And in this work, the prince is established to be in the role of the enemy that controls the girls. Or in other words, I considered that the very concept of “prince” is the greatest trap that ensnares girls so easily. This doesn’t mean that we designed Akio to be an actual prince of some specific country somewhere. His blood line and social status is (with all due respect) plebian. However, this precisely gives significance to the fact that he takes on the label of and is called a prince. It is very similar to the way “prince” is used lately in current society. Well then, what kind of image of the Prince did we bestow upon Akio? Ōtori Akio is a student in the university division of Ōtori Academy. He gained the name “Ōtori” because he was adopted into the Ōtori family, who had passed down the role of Ōtori Academy Director for generations. Handsome from head to toe,* charming, naturally elegant, and talented. (*Note: 容姿端麗 is usually used to describe beautiful women. It points to the beauty of the face and body figure.)

The Chairman is completely taken in by his talents and hopes he will be betrothed to his only daughter Kanae. Even until the very end, the Chairman remained unable to see the true danger of this beautiful young man called Akio. Settled for so long in the same comfortable job, the Chairman was the type of man to earnestly preach about the ideals of human benevolence to his students in flowery rhetoric. Such a man could not understand Akio’s poisonousness, flush with an unimaginable evil and greed. Kanae had been raised as a proper daddy’s girl and adored the fiancé that her father chose for her, and yet, it didn’t take very long. Kanae instantly became a prisoner of Akio, in body and soul. And the Chairman’s wife, in other words Akio’s mother-in-law and the original Mrs. Ōtori, had already had a sexual relationship with Akio. Reduced to being a sexual slave, she mixed poison into her husband’s food, just as Akio ordered. Not knowing the relationship between Akio and her own mother, Kanae fretted over her father who had fallen sick. Before long, Akio is entrusted by the Chairman himself to act as interim Chairman and he continues on, his control over the school all but a certainty...

And, having drafted that all out, this figure of a dangerous man could be thought of as one type of prince, all things considered. You could say we designed him a picaresque character. Yet, Akio was never even such a dangerous prince.* (*Note: this sentence translation is tripping me up with the negated “sura.” May have to edit later. Any better translations? だが、暁生は、そうした危険な王子様ですらなかった。)

Because, putting aside Kanae and that relationship with the mother in-law (is that really okay?), he only has one other definitive weakness. That is, he continues to have a taboo relationship with his real sister Anthy every night. Regarding just this point, Akio as the true prince can no longer exist. Of course, this is in terms of how society uses the word “prince.” Instead of a prince, he ends up as a guy playing the role of prince. As for his fawning sister, she is merely a substitute mother figure.* (*Note: What??甘える妹とは母親の代替品でしかないからだ。) And this weakness comes together quite decisively in this film. Of course, we the staff were not necessarily wanting to deny the prince. Though in the end, our work came to question those associated with the prince role, that was not our original motivation. Frankly we initially just wanted to draw something pleasurable. Yet while we were considering what sorts of things were pleasurable these days, we ended up creating the figure of a prince like Akio. It was very much just “how it ended up.” Why is that?

Perhaps something we’d ordinarily value* unintentionally ends up as irritating. (*Note: ordinary as in, the commonplace, obvious things we’re supposed to see as worthwhile). A handsome prince appears, is bound to the girl protagonist, and they live happily ever after. I totally thought, that is unconvincing.

I mean, the requirements to be a prince? It is to make everyone else comfortable.* (*Note: not 100% sure who is feeling “comfortable” but this was my reading of the line: だって、王子様の条件って、みんな楽そうなんだもん). (Of course, the pleasure of dependency is huge. No living things can survive unless they are raised, dependent outside of their mother’s body for several years post-birth. That is a major issue). And in naturally making that “comfortable dependency” a selling point to control other people, we have Akio. It is for this reason that Utena, who opposes this, is so brave and cool. Her charm might be that “earnestness.” I think there is some “earnestness” lost in the pleasure of the words prince and princess but...yes, isn’t the most important thing right now that “earnestness”?* (*Note: 本気 can also be translated as seriousness or truth.) I feel like the unhappiness that we’ve seen for a while here, all around us, is largely rooted in the loss of that earnestness. Even hatred can be thought of as merely the absence of truth (*Note: 本気 again). (Well, how earnest am I? Even I am not confident to say)

To be earnest is, well, generally tiring, bothersome, and above all, it takes risk. You need energy. I worked while asking questions like, but isn’t that precisely why we can question the value of this earnestness, and isn’t that why everyone now is seeking that truth, and such? And in any case, people who are truly in love do not seek out something like a prince, wouldn’t you say.

#yoji enokido #enokido yoji #sku #privacy file 3 #my translations #rgu #utena

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maritzaerwin · 4 years

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Looking to Get into Tech? These Are the 5 Best Paying Jobs in IT (2020)

Look up the best paying jobs in information technology and you’ll get a variety of answers.

You can cherry-pick data to make lists of good paying IT jobs, and clickbait headlines will show you whopping salaries for specialty security architects with numbers skewed by geography or the big dollars offered at high-profile tech companies.

I take a more nuanced approach to show you how to make good career decisions that will lead you to a well-paying job that also suits your work style. Plus, I tap into how to build technology skills to make even more money.

Find an IT Job that Suits Your Style

As CEO for Creating IT Futures, I’ve spent nearly a decade helping people find in-roads to IT, especially people who are under-represented in tech and individuals who are lacking in opportunity to prepare for, secure and be successful in information technology careers.

One tip I’ve learned — Find a job in technology you like to avoid burnout.

Finding the right role is especially essential in a technical field, according to the Career Metis advice in 10 Survival Tips for Introverted Leaders in Technical Fields. For people who are good at helping and problem-solving and want to start a career in technology, there are good-paying jobs at the entry-level in technology.

One of our students in our IT-Ready Technical Support program, Alexandrea Alvarado, was on her way to being a graphic designer but started to understand along the way that she didn’t like the illustration that much. Graphic design jobs seemed few and far between in her area of the U.S.

During her graphic design program at a local college, she realized it wasn’t the drawing she liked so much, but the computers. Alvarado started looking for training programs and found our program, where she got a chance to earn her CompTIA A+ certification and get her first job into the IT industry.

“I didn’t know how to start or where to start in technology and this program really helped me find the pathway to get to where I wanted to be from where I was before and I’m really grateful for that,” Alvarado said.

The thing is lots of jobs pay well in the technology industry. Whether you’re good at helping people, noticing suspicious activity or getting things to work, information technology has a good-paying job to fit your skills. Using data from the US Department of Labor, we found jobs that pay more than $40 an hour, well above the national average.

These are jobs you can get through training and certification, reliable jobs that will set you up for a solid financial future.

Alvarado found her IT-Ready Technical Support curriculum combined practical knowledge, technical expertise, and soft skills development and paired it with preparation for the respected CompTIA A+ certification.

That curriculum was wrapped with career guidance, resume building tips and interview prep, plus connecting graduates with employers looking for trained, qualified professionals.

Photo Credit – Pexels.com

Set Your Management Goals

Overall, careers based in information technology offer high salaries compared to other jobs, and where you work in the management ladder can also affect how much you make. Whether you want to keep it simple as a non-management IT pro or call the shots in the boardroom, there’s a wide range of good salaries in the tech industry.

Here are some salary ranges based on workforce data from across the world.

Non-Management IT Pros — The global average among non-management IT staff (such as network engineers, security analysts and programmers/developers) was $75,345.

Mid-Level IT Managers — Among mid-level professionals (positions like IT audit managers, security officers, IT project managers and other management/team lead roles), the global average came in at $85,761.

Senior IT Pros — Senior-level roles demonstrated a similar pattern in 2019. The global average of these positions (directors, chief security officers, senior engineers) came in at $109,689.

The C-Suite — The global average salary for IT executives (chief technical officers, chief information officers, chief executive officers) in 2019 was reported at $123,508, with North America at the top of the list at $160,474.

Develop Skills to Boost Your Pay

U.S. employment data shows IT pros earn 43 percent more than people working in other occupations, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.

There are three ways to add to your salary according to the Global Knowledge 2019 IT Skills and Salary Report: promotions, job changes, and bonuses. Technology companies work hard to keep the best talent around, but they can’t always fight higher paychecks.

The research found that workers who left their company for the same or a similar position elsewhere earned 20 percent more.

Bonuses happen when you do your job well, and sometimes teams are rewarded for their work on big projects.

Around the world, about half of all IT staff received a bonus as well as 56 percent of IT decision-makers, which contributed to the overall increase in 2019. And about 15 percent of IT workers earned more money because of a promotion. Those who were promoted internally received a 14 percent increase in pay.

The real key is to stack your skills to watch your paycheck grow:

9% of IT professionals credit their salary bump to the addition of new skills to their toolbox, and

Those same IT pros earned nearly $12,000 more than last year.

If you plan on getting to some of the highest paying jobs in IT, you’ll need to develop your skills along the way. A popular path is going from the help desk to networking, then to security.

Here are some of the basic skills to build as you increase your potential in the IT industry — and skills that that are validated by earning a CompTIA A+ certification.

Networking — Understanding and being able to explain the different types of networks and connections and troubleshooting issues.

Security — Identifying and protecting vulnerabilities devices and their network connections.

Operational Procedures — Following best practices for safety, environmental impacts, and communication and professionalism.

Operating Systems — Installing and supporting Windows, Linux and mobile operating systems.

Hardware — Identifying, using and connected hardware components and devices.

Software — Installing software and troubleshooting PC and mobile devices issues, including application and security.

Mobile Devices — Installing and configuring laptops and other mobile devices.

Virtualization and Cloud Computing — Comparing and contrasting cloud computing concepts and setting up client-side virtualization.

Get A Good Paying Start in Technology

If you want to break into the technology industry and make good money, set your sights on the help desk. It’s the easiest way to start in the technology industry and make $50,000 a year on average.

According to the most recent data available from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, there are more than 863,000 help desk positions throughout the United States. Every midsize and larger company — be it hospital or bank or utility or university — operates a help desk. And that number is expected to increase by 10% within the next year.

Help desk employees need to have some understanding of technology and will be asked to make sure computer systems are up-to-date, secure and functioning properly. Daily responsibilities include running diagnostics and troubleshooting systems; installing software; updating computer hardware; on-boarding new employees by setting up their computer systems, login information and access to a company’s cloud services; training employees in new technologies; and providing technical support over the phone or online.

CompTIA Tech Career Academy helped Alvarado connect her with her first job in technology, on the help desk. Five years ago, Alvarado thought she was stuck in graphic design with no job prospects.

“That’s what I was worried about and I did not know what route I wanted to take,”

Alvarado said. Now, she’s focused on a job in cybersecurity and studying for CompTIA Network+ and CompTIA Security+.

“That’s the path I want to go on, and it feels good that I know where I want to go. When I was in design, I had no idea where I wanted to go. Now it’s about building myself up to get to that goal and it’s exciting.”

Help desk experience broadens tech know-how and helps people working in the business of technology identify what aspect of information technology appeals to them, whether it’s networking, cybersecurity, servers, cloud infrastructure or project management.

On the help desk, you can earn additional certifications to add more autonomy, authority, and cash to your life.

Certification Sets You Apart

Source : Pixabay.com

Companies are using computerized hiring to eliminate bias and get the best people in technology careers. “Finding qualified people is time-consuming, but now some job hunting software analyzes millions of social profiles and spits out a list of the most qualified people for a position,” according to the Top 8 Workplace Technology Trends for 2020.

Computers don’t have the same biases as human recruiters, meaning highly qualified candidates won’t be overlooked due to personal preference, appearance or even personality, according to the article, and recruiters use software and websites like LinkedIn to sort by certification.

CIO.com spells out the best entry-level certifications to help you get a foot in the door for a tech job interview. Certification like CompTIA A+ on your resume tells them you’ve got broad-based foundational tech skills and can handle desktops, laptops, mobile phones, printers, and other devices.

More technical roles in cybersecurity often require several years of experience and earning a certification like CompTIA Security+ while working in these roles reinforces the experience you’re gaining and proves to employers you have the foundational knowledge to move forward in high-paying careers in information security.

Top-paying IT certifications can net you more than $100,000 per year, according to CompTIA.

Best Paying Jobs in IT

Working on the help desk led Alvarado to another discovery: She loves working in cybersecurity. Now she’s on her way to be an information security analyst, one of the top-paying jobs in the market. No matter how you get started in technology, you can find a path to one of these well-paying careers.

Based on information from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, these are the best paying jobs in IT.

1) Information Security Analysts

Information security analysts plan and carry out security measures to protect an organization’s computer networks and systems.

In this role, you’ll be identifying and protecting people from vulnerabilities related to devices and their network connections. Look for job titles like IT security specialist, software security engineer, security officer and IT security director and bring your creativity, problem-solving abilities, attention to detail, collaboration skills, research abilities. To land one of these cherry gigs, you’ll need training or experience with both computer systems and business practices. Certification like CompTIA IT Security+ is helpful.

Annual Salary for Information Security Analysts — $98,350

2) Network and Computer Systems Administrators

Network and computer systems administrators are responsible for the day-to-day operation of computer networks. Here, you’re working with the physical computer networks of a variety of organizations, which means job security in this day and age.

Annual Salary for Network and Computer Systems Administrators — $82,050.

3) Software Developers

Software developers create applications or systems that run on a computer or another device. Communication skills, attention to detail, adaptability and problem-solving abilities come in handy in this role. This applies to mobile app developers, too.

To get started, you’ll need training or apprenticeship experience that familiarizes you with programming languages.

Annual Salary for Software Developers — $103,620.

4) Computer Systems Analysts

Computer systems analysts study an organization’s current computer systems and find a solution that is more efficient and effective.

Bring your problem solving and communication skills to this career, and look for job titles like IT systems specialist, computer technician, and technology project manager.

Annual Salary for Computer Systems Analysts — $68,432.

5) Computer Network Architects

Computer network architects design and build data communication networks, including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), and Intranets. This job is for minds that can understand networking and are able to explain the different types of networks and connections and troubleshooting issues. This is a job that takes commitment — most computer network architects work full time and some work more than 40 hours per week — in exchange for a six-figure salary.

Annual Salary for Computer Network Architects —$109,020.

Conclusion

Whether you’re starting on the help desk or aiming high for an architect role, many IT jobs require some amount of experience or training.

Luckily the tech industry is more than willing to help you get the training you need.

If you have the desire and drive to get into tech, you’ll find a number of programs to help you.

The post Looking to Get into Tech? These Are the 5 Best Paying Jobs in IT (2020) appeared first on CareerMetis.com.

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maryanntorreson · 3 years

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10 incredible women in history you should know

Shutterstock

A few years ago, I began to notice that the people I taught about in my World History classes were, more often than not, European men.

1. Hypatia (c. 370 CE – March 415 CE) – Ancient Rome

2. Empress Theodora (c. 497 – c. 548) – The Byzantine Empire

3. Sappho of Lesbos (c. 620 – c. 570 BCE) – Ancient Greece

4. Margery Kempe (c. 1373 – c. 1440 CE) – Middle Ages Europe

5. Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba (c. 1581 – c. 1663 CE) – Post-Classical Africa

6. Artemisia Gentileschi (c. 1593 – c. 1654) – Renaissance Europe

7. Malintzin/Malinche/Doña Marina (c. 1500 – c. 1550) – Colonial Americas

8. Olympe de Gouges (May 7, 1748 – November 3, 1793) – Enlightenment Europe

9. Manuela Sáenz (December 27, 1797–November 23, 1856) – Revolutionary Americas

10. Lyudmila Pavlichenko (July 12, 1916 – October 27, 1974) – World War II

Topics you can connect her to in history include World War II and the Cold War. Students adore her story: they find her sass, grit, and action movie skills endlessly fascinating.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

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maryanntorreson · 3 years

Text

10 incredible women in history you should know

Shutterstock

A few years ago, I began to notice that the people I taught about in my World History classes were, more often than not, European men.

1. Hypatia (c. 370 CE – March 415 CE) – Ancient Rome

2. Empress Theodora (c. 497 – c. 548) – The Byzantine Empire

3. Sappho of Lesbos (c. 620 – c. 570 BCE) – Ancient Greece

4. Margery Kempe (c. 1373 – c. 1440 CE) – Middle Ages Europe

5. Njinga of Ndongo and Matamba (c. 1581 – c. 1663 CE) – Post-Classical Africa

6. Artemisia Gentileschi (c. 1593 – c. 1654) – Renaissance Europe

7. Malintzin/Malinche/Doña Marina (c. 1500 – c. 1550) – Colonial Americas

8. Olympe de Gouges (May 7, 1748 – November 3, 1793) – Enlightenment Europe

9. Manuela Sáenz (December 27, 1797–November 23, 1856) – Revolutionary Americas

10. Lyudmila Pavlichenko (July 12, 1916 – October 27, 1974) – World War II