From ”Before 'Lawrence': From Sodomy to Queer Liberation” by Texas Observer Digital Editor Kit O'Connell:
On August 17, 1982, LGBTQ+ Texans celebrated “Gayteenth,” as activists called it at the time—a reference to Juneteenth, which commemorates news of slavery’s end reaching Texas. On that day in Dallas, a district court judge ruled in favor of plaintiff Don Baker in Baker v. Wade, declaring our state’s sodomy law unconstitutional. Baker, who lost his job with the Dallas Independent School District after coming out on TV, had sued the state for violating his right to privacy and equal protection under the laws.
“I want gay people in Texas to understand that this is their victory—that they should internalize this and feel good about themselves,” declared Baker, who became a figurehead of the struggle to decriminalize queer relationships.
The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals overturned the decision. The Supreme Court, which had recently ruled such laws constitutional in Bowers v. Harwick, declined to hear the case. Anti-sodomy laws in Texas and elsewhere would remain on the books and in effect until Lawrence v. Texas 21 years later.
The history of Lawrence represents LGBTQ+ people’s struggle to be fully seen as human rather than as criminals and deviants, argues Wesley G. Phelps in Before Lawrence v. Texas: The Making of a Queer Social Movement, to be published this February by the University of Texas Press. Phelps, an associate professor of history at the University of North Texas, links the legal saga to the human struggle that inspired it and in the process sketches out a path for civil rights battles to come.
Was anyone aware the longest armed standoff in American history was in Trinidad, Texas? From 1999-2014.
John Joe Gray assaulted a police officer after he tried to arrest him for carrying a pistol without a license. John refused to show up in court and armed himself in his home. He told abc news“ If they come after us, bring extra body bags. Those who live by the sword die by the sword.” He never left his 47 acres and had friends and family patrol the property line with rifles and pistols.
I just snagged this advertisement for Pearl Beer in the April 13, 1901 edition of the San Antonio Daily Light newspaper. It appears the people loved Pearl Beer! I used to like drinking cheap pitchers of both it and Lone Star at the Armadillo World Headquarters.
Photograph of the regular monthly hands on the George Ranch. Five cowboys on horseback - four of them African-American cowboys - watch over a calf nestled in the grass in front of them. The rest of the herd of cattle can be seen in the background. The top of a windmill is visible near the center background. Bottom of photograph in border printed in black: "The Harper Leiper Company Photographers". Back of photograph written in black identifies cowboys: "Left to right Johnny Hudgins, Henry Klazer, Buster Jackson (Joe B. Forman), Frank Simpson - cook, Joe Bingum, Regular monthly hands". Also on back stamped in blue: "KE - 1293 The Harper Leiper Company Photographers (Photographers stamp) 1009 Isabella at Main Houston, Texas Refer to Neg. No 5734 [circled and written in blue ink] 3" Source: University of North Texas Libraries
[Photograph of five cowboys on horseback - four of them African-American], photograph, [1940..1955]; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth7805/: accessed February 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting George Ranch Historical Park.
“Most cowboys in Fort Bend County were African American from the late 1800’s into the mid 1900’s. Buster was said to be the finest horseman anyone had ever seen.” Source: Rosenberg Today
Visit www.attawellsummer.com/forthosebefore to learn more about Black history.
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BLACK COWBOYS, 1911. Articles about Black cowhands in the Old West typically include at least one of the eight photos Erwin E. Smith took at the “Negro State Fair,” as it was titled at the time. Held at Bonham in North Texas during August 23 – 27, the 1911 event had four days of races, rodeo events, parades, and a talent show.
The trail herded longhorn cattle (see Western Trail below), eventually becoming one of the most traveled and famous routes in U.S. history.
Founded by Captain John T. Lytle in 1874, traffic along the trail began to decline in 1885. This decline was attributed to the increasing use of barbed wire fences and legislative measures enforcing a quarantine of Texas cattle due to the “Texas…
“Houston had, however, been persistent in attending the fairer sex. In Virginia, he had paid some court to a Miss Sophia Reid, the granddaughter of a Tennessee friend, which came to naught…Afterward, though, came another in the succession of his Misses: he began calling on Mary Parke Custis, heiress of Arlington mansion and descendant by marriage of George Washington. Houston was not unreasonable in thanking he had the inside track: apparently they had the friendship of Lafayette in common…But in this instance, the ambitious suitor reached too high, and Miss Custis had to tell him he lost out to a bashful cadet named Robert E. Lee. This misfire he took less well than his other, questioning “the good taste and discernment of Mary Custis who preferred to tie herself by long engagement to that shy underclass man at West Point when she might have been Houston’s bride and the belle of Washington Society.””