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cxjz8fgcu · 1 year

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zq4wvmcmdyfaon · 1 year

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grendelsmilf · 3 months

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ive been so othellopilled for so long that sometimes random sentence fragments just get stuck in my head like song lyrics. at the moment the words “nonsuits my meditators. for certes, says he” (and nothing else) are just rattling around in my brain like a marble. to be frank i think i know this play better than i know myself

#by the time I actually finish writing my book on it it’ll probably clock in at like 600 pages 😓#o

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ucanbeasurvivor · 4 months

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Will we enter into 2024 with the eviction threat . Becoming homeless and put out in the streets. But December 29,2023 we filed a landlord retaliation on no communication in community Pray received with favor on January 2 , 2024 When Virginia Housing is back in office . We are now under a Motion for Dismissal and Nonsuit filed on December 27,2023 . Stating that as of December 31,2023 We move month to month at $631.Actively seeking another place to call home

Motion to stay due to land lord retaliation Reason for tenant inserting tenant rights.

Added there is no communication. Will not return phone calls email etc.. REFUSES TO COMMUNCATION and this high lighted yellow and received as high lighted yellow

Was notary sign by husband and I and official filed in the court stamp on December 27,2023

So we will enter 2024 IN FALL BATTLE MODE But God has our back and not become put out in the streets AMEN

SOLIDER ONWARD PRAY ONWARD

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libidomechanica · 6 months

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She wear, play ye at his frumpy home enjoy, and

For to nonsuit, or two, and strange to speak, what good on was but those whom the planet’s called together side of morning moment at the exhausted nails fell. And, Loue, a roge though windows, and lips I kiss’d to have been with gall instead of hate. I was much suspicious. Some sairie comfort shew? By shutting scatter’d this lady quarrels; death that could not tell upon his brutal soul to open all thou should ennoble that one must have seen; the fiesta of sunset in a heavy—as a tomb. The present, to pleading: his eldest brain about the pot. When like a hurt you. She wear, play ye at his frumpy home enjoy, and fill; this imprisoner sent; in short hour tost, and which others worse the outside your hero quietly inurn’d; the moor and the sea backward bold; they neither womankind! His blood still as sole guarded for some blunder, but no determingled through, where the sea.

#poetry #automatically generated text #Patrick Mooney #Markov chains #Markov chain length: 6 #186 texts #sonnet

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cellojoe · 1 year

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koherston · 1 year

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Prevailing Party Debated in Nashville, Tennessee Postdivorce Fee Dispute: Colley v. Colley

Who is the prevailing party when a lawsuit is voluntarily dismissed in Tennessee?

Facts: Husband and Wife divorced in 2012. Seven years later, Husband petitioned for a judgment for Wife’s part of a tax debt addressed in their marital dissolution agreement (“MDA”). Two weeks before the hearing, Husband voluntarily dismissed his petition. Two days later, before the order of nonsuit was entered, Wife moved for attorney’s fees, alleging that Husband’s petition was an abusive…

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#Attorney&039;s fees #Civil Procedure #Family law

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who-did-sam-hunt-cheat-wimt · 2 years

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who did sam hunt cheat with working AL7N#

💾 ►►► DOWNLOAD FILE 🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥 Getting back to our original point about timing, Sam Hunt didn't just cheat on Hannah Fowler — he cheated on her while she was pregnant with. Sam Hunt's pregnant wife Hannah Lee Fowler filed for divorce on Feb. 18, alleging that he cheated on her. Hunt did not just cheat on his wife but he cheated on the lady when she was pregnant with their first child. Yes, reportedly, Fowler has filed. Once the infidelity allegations went public, the singer's social media account was flooded with users slamming him for allegedly cheating on his. sam hunt daughter. According to court documents, Fowler, 33, withdrew the complaint just hours after filing in Tennessee on Friday. She requested that the petition be "voluntarily nonsuited without prejudice" — meaning she can file for divorce again in the future. She initially filed for divorce on Feb. TMZ was first to report the news. Though the couple — who married in April — had not publicly announced that they were expecting, the documents reveal that Fowler is pregnant and due in May. At the time of the filing, she asked for alimony, child support and primary custody of the child, as well as for each party to be "awarded their respective separate property. Hunt shared in July that he and Fowler wanted to become parents "sooner than later. We've been talking about it for a while, but we've really started thinking about it seriously here these past few months, so that's on the agenda right now. And I'm hoping that we'll have some good news sooner than later. The pair celebrated their fourth wedding anniversary in April. To commemorate their special day, the "House Party" singer posted a throwback photo of Fowler — who inspired much of Hunt's debut album, Montevallo — giving him a kiss from the inside of a car in honor of their marriage milestone. The pair were engaged in January and wed in an intimate Georgia ceremony just months later. They have been together off and on for 14 years. Entertainment Music Country. By Charmaine Patterson Charmaine Patterson. People Editorial Guidelines. Share Tweet Pin Email. Newsletter Sign Up.

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who-did-sam-hunt-cheat-wihc · 2 years

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who did sam hunt cheat with work S48+

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whereimfeminine · 6 years

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st. paul cryptid looks very pretty :’)

#i thought ysl b/c the nonsuit #but that looks like a gucci bow eh?

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ucanbeasurvivor · 4 months

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Husband and I both know they was in waiting . For the day our lease officially ends . Like a hawk vulture on January 3 , 2024 . Would of filed a writ of eviction on us and that would of put us homeless out on the streets .With no place to go in the middle of winter.

Sadly they was just this cold hearted .

So I had to go into a spiral of depression . That almost caused me to have a nervous break down . Even ended up calling non emergency . Which caused me to go to the emergency room . But had to continue to cry out through the storm . As Bible teaches tells us to do . As long as I did that . Some how some way God was going to answer the cry of my heart .

On December 27 at 8:40 am we filed a motion for dismissal and nonsuit . Under land lord retaliation . Starting we pay $631 a month by 5th of the month . Pay rent now through the court system .Seeking another place to live faithfully . So now we pray how filed will keep roof over our head . Another place to call home that door will open up for us AMEN\0/

THIS STORM IS FAR FROM BEING OVER LET'S REMEMBER

WE MUST PRAY ONWARD

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libidomechanica · 11 months

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Small pose was smooth

A ballad sequence

Words to Betty’s stand, baba and has been and wait. Her and loud clapping lately fickle Nelly Gray! But those trunks? Features,

until their host; at length, to still I quite in volleying history. Still that he should, if it bent toward me by night, tis

eight years, white hand on thy fair hair. Of clay, but her come upon stone wanted;—I write the flash’d as the pair; a things which

on the will never alone. The town, was o’er thing others, wrapping of Lope, so than when he’s happiest among the

marriage vow, or turning children nearly hours, I thought her care of two disturb your sudden silent have hermit, every

of flower and sooth’d the charming, with any saint, halloo’d, but here thee; but a fool depth beloved! Next owner

for effusions, and talk with dancing them not do that she was the rope that not, because they reach’d the fatal flesh! Not

for man of those them through the heart, my lassie o’ my head of Madam, wondered to Juan knew not what t was bonie Jean.

The Turks at myriads oft I have done its tower’d Camelot. Dire was sent me tossing among the pull and wither,

and plate been; besides such highest place, and pea! Johnson, and love, and to make glad exclaim, How thy lips do the

catalogues—which is politics, and o’er thought you sung the first of pictur’d the charm if these treason: they might chances therefore

the spring; at other is tooth! Shakes to announces last and deaf, that should understand orbed brow; there shall fool

me through clear rills float my high soul within its while the earliest scrape, a tender haunches: who can traced him whom I

tried to proceeding year i’d window-panes; the song his horse with the torrent dance: no woods were once too, which, with a

sight. Till never beauty moue; whose simple olives, the school play upon the East the King of the young person fair co-

heiress, of the Nil Admirari. Juan was print age, as if once it was not my widow to fresh foliage and

good-bye and begg’d herself being coverture from strife, let his coyness I will she must now doth express, to alight

love may find, am urged by an accident be absence exiled from the fence things; such the deep pace; their old Susan

she. A rose-fence, his strange of that shall sing for very miserable man, frozen in the works well mighty silver lives

out on its misery care to teach, indeed, or fresh budding, which chokes an attract it give up a thorough reformation

leaves upon me, company! In every body in the hillocks small iron shuts, a certain of garner’d.

At poor beasts and mouth, mounting people are despot’s declined the Rightly me, and we adore, I adore! Days be

overwhelming time your rank, who chosen a constant vale; the Herald though his tear-drops, already, but certes by this

sad picture might be forgiveness than flesh-colours, sketches, when up his motley mantle of all thirty years of his

days be overwhelming quick for ne’er has told the sixth of German as you’d never known those of time all the more plunder

than energetic beyond there’s not what health had never being bathed in the met with cunning out, under

of St. Where juries between the skipping to nonsuit, and the way, she was spark. That was a jest alike in German

as on without your meant to shut— at least no shadows, she scrip, with ripen’d wind write poet’s husbands as well his quickly

up, for a heart’s and do not to see that sweet joy! The charms, and bid my world arraigne parted up the outline’s blue,

can’t fare worst of curiosity, like one could not punish’d eagle in him once fell. Around my heard me for leaps

of my wings when five, and their midnight of Jove did not empty craw, they read this, and look to die, or where your meadows?

I would hold is damning upon immediate reference, a pretty gentlemen in her guide. Of any such as

sad as he rustled: him up to be awake? Who chose to make her husband’s tempest-tost, and love. Out flew out into

pieces small men proud rather former! The last the last her gold beneath so subtle snakes left my life with what slain to

call you leaves with this father’s night offensive few who had been from beneath had passion roots of variety, and

valley. Some odd traveler, look one of your old Susan Gale. That he shore. Tasting, willing my sable scars of the joy

of your head, they grope among the facts, to take the hour, as carried—high, yet I make a line in Spain, for of the blooming

low, point to slake Thy thing, the joy of youth. Where novice. Sing: for claims he undergrounds, then receipt of which makes men

known the devil’s-game! The owlet in a dream. I got thee with lily leave a wish it brought seem’d bough orange in young

Endymion. Unwed, or my sigh? Its among his frailties proud, at midnight—who cannot takes, to versify, I rattles,

stuck hard: she flame. Sister for her secret grieved, could not see a monk of the breeze in the aft has not, cause and the

rose a sleep. He turn’d aught else, you know not how, with Hannibal, and at once to your heart broken bought. Yet there was so

far relinquish’d by the world must have its produce, not resistances besides the silence, this lips a-glow! What pine

more virgins may be wooed and their feet as signal for very high certainty, raw-cold debts in at six a charm less.

Happens even in age’s pen and physician. Had been tender hand whisper’d, reached out between you may deep lost in

close. His penny pelf, and a sweet; but Heavens, and catch hints into their preserved or doomed to. But Juan more, Peona! Still

and piety, for white Tables were a word to emigration might me: I shall open the who thus evince his

suffocated glance of your own on Neptune’s religion of their clean. Ah, gentle girl and past. That their eyes were

their fishy smell of difference betwixt mine! Had not worth: the germ. What fear your story is to him, and fearfully quite.

Grow tired, and love what you have supt, I shapes, and you will striking; but then my eye doth not like a changes, sustains,

the affection; which such blood. Glow than said, as well might the room, and of those me, if I could refuse till she cast, and

shall be one who could be done goes all the wet scenes like Wordsworth, so pursue. And to the balm was that sun dual natured?

“Breathe his dam from a bulletin. A Russian officer, what we walk with tower’d by the new-bough, and there stood upon

each other variety the second white, has tantalized me throne apart. That dreamt of flesh intense eyes most

my face to where were the old eyes, when the nerves it struct those again, would not contrived by a downward from me, where seems

at five hundred years of all slime from where ensured enough of conqueror—a match the bitter in the pass over;

and colour oozed, in heart with those, high Muses! The rain, nor thousand through when depart. To roll it have spar’d with an awkward

show’d which make this savage minstrel, abbot on another least come;—but I am never and still at eight of

such deform’d a distance—gentlemen in my breast, as granted to admire, to keep them this is the power before

that’s the sun peels from the sun and a chorus cousin, ’ which like those on board and the rein to fashion, and never be

the eloquences for jealous pilgrimage to the teeth stuck in her sulphury revel? He moth he, my dead; or

on a pinch of thine orby power, the whisper’d longing all this is a page of flying, and wound with seaweed red

and two: she had made the reeking either girdle, as through a things nothing her den, whose color. Grows dim and fruits. And

hospitable: his speeches, and say,—paint all night. As briskly as true, sprang alone, seeing also risk’d again, and

Thou arterials for the name let’s gently mingled; Antonia’s gondolier, leander, of lover, helpless; as this

tangles, just two mourning sad sickening poured twenty scorning forms of May, those. Just with orgies another that were many

a hundreds breast in my hearken, sweet or corn bows all is most man; and he camp of life, and Ireland strange and twigs,

might, I shall not smother I would not so very much as lies into ashes alone, she cries. Foxes to a giant

doom but what might be soporific;— without the grass than I consider ever: our time can spoil my lichen.

Would follows and country seat, when sea and I was—they’re overgrown, she sang: Thus concede quarter, a world, baring out reluctance lifeless. And roar’d, uplifting up her resign this door, the ground himself therefore thyself and mine execution.

The Lady of Shalott. Sometimes, when many brother station a good old-gentleness this, the with the Florentines, and to comes he met with an accident beak over it,—so your whole, of different be a black into

the doors of love? Think you’re not night winds, with sometimes lone sets through the sweet up the new and see you ignored in the poor girl; t is said or square, because nor sit nor managed hawk, or arms. But did when the garden, till we shalt not glide o’er,

and woof from stumbling palely, and gloves his own parting in the thickest sky foretell my heart; for loftier rays or month sends whom all allow; but so bland the hear with full of the helpless butterflies for the body—I look’d, push’d

with symbol-essence; till that sparkling child of zest. And this life—he was blithe anchored on this doors of him grew upon the moon that she was a confess with all the sylvan tribes that he throne smoothest bird a- wing …. For life, to see me.

We may be much to eat, and dogs had not had words she was growing coat, and read your church up fine into swear on the

devil a noise of deeds reproduce tender and forest- house! Thought means I am Love, and then their nature wept. Things

she goes, and all inrail’d with pangs of all of ache, how full in wives’ eyes upon the slave bright as much rigour: beside

of aged back of yellow smoke … no, it’s harp—the very sense I bow full detain moment silly youth’ wait death, produced

when I wanted too late: and this though liftedst age at last in the corner of Babel, or my heart, but for miles

of others lay such echoes that till didst the Turk’s restoring complain. And the Reason; Lust that ye were transcends

to hold it! Pool I will be training, unless continuation difficult, I was alone: and, having fetters!

” Poor Betty with a raucous trill. Unsullied nation the conceit of claret is first stay till five.—She took a little rabbit with their tasks. Small gnat, a bee sucking loue, dispute with feelings pure delicate amber-fretted straight may

have to fill at you pattern of living but where I will endure, no harm, warned lava. Youthful wight smiling in, we cross the outline of June, and Campbell’s pastime warm in heaved, but just names with any summer on to hideousness and

do see, his heart was now at Susan will flings are soon be a lion in the good senses which Donna Inez were at length seem Angel to know what old tricks his partake it is not apt, like whate’er meant it have no notion, little

fasten to dress who wore than she loom; and their nomenclature as puff of delightingale, and a pond they happy may looks;—that initial-scarred tape&to the grey-hair’d creatures, your propinquity thick mist they? Come again, whate’er

set out? Have I slept, and mind you have I brought the dale, accord, at six a charm’d the boate foe— he never one of that the chewed there will be the same market girls. A lullaby to the should, howe’er to do live, to sit upon, wondered

to upbraid: still was her eye is me! Ever: our humbly screen with Ho! Be on the town so loudly sweet he shore, something reverse. He had mann’d harvests cling, all was would go to be packed into the down them; else their gaze ripe for thousand

pity;—I shuffle side of Humber mounted spot in vain? This may say, are variety: with wondering whale’s teeth steal things he was rich is made her heart would ill command; for if you are you hadst the tail—a taking made it all! Till

Miss’s complete,—I trusted of his travelling them true believed him; life! When man’s bride! Labour mountains grotesque, new trees, a fierce agony to their eyes match around the removed! It was woven in th’eclipser of an old her man inside,

ladie? In ponder’d off each beaked promontory, a glass, in pursued the chancery subjects to no men, had slain spot, what write, indeed! Ye geck at me borrow’d obeisance and then in afternoon, the right; no less as milky way

good seem’d that it is stuck hard; and years to the hope we step, makes one who dared not sleep, with sauces, or call’d up and had these brought into sleep, drowsy wings, and glad love, althoughts decay, cald it falls it, but you ask the town she dight, We

following Juan was rising voices cooingly by its blackleg, broiling a whole solemn troops landing, ding; sweeter for ever: its lone glen o’ womankind! While they lived to practice upon her honour. ’Er the street of good as God had such

excesses; but this friend or for Zinghis inwards; and that by the gadding the redden’d like grasp, as if also hear, and at table-cloth, in open- air, on Sunium or Hymettus, like a way. ’Er discretion ran away. They gaz’d

upon the sounds,—all vertues equal to me and cloudy night, and fruit and have been quick for no transparents also his eyes did once set my brief years, still ease my parted by a boy, ’ rejoice! Upon a tuft of seamen’s last to really

love and foul conceit of children cutting in the porcelain man, and get new, not to mosquitoes. Leading things when they blest virtues shone there’s natural history; but pursue the inoculation her: she knew them into thy

continue purest maze. And then, in the same blood, having hotness, to see how someone eludes to competent fair Lesley, as she wrong the only son, and white as quiet, and our economic Your traced him vilely?

Because of those laid you view as Venus, be sure, my old song, and some smooth’d as if each others by her, for Juan, muttered weed. No voices. It goads men wears; but all the mark a gleams of flowers in searching and the proud, yet refrain came

back to meet the bleed, young many; all instead I’ve some mountains grotesques illumined; and still, after the hand, then how to persons. I’m not sink his Roman, Greek I sing, hey displaying bandage rather one and leaves room for his hand.

Is man, enters who can those Æols you is God’s daughter: ’ if he must leave, scoop’d up fancies delay across there go, where

not tease on, motions of Fortune was, until their measure, hope, but t is forgotten. Pleasure who o’er-darkening, not

knowingly; as doth shall her more, that sad mischief; they who in figure, such utmost we call the Giant’s loss, with shows

but a case our souls, and can devise some of love, or we should our dreary death no sort of half its love; what he has

feels his figure, she was scarcely through the issues for imperial halls, particularly among faithfull palace,

and ruth was in November, into plant thing sweeter the air; a thing in a different flow’d on her to what the

wave; there’s anatomy. The sets apart, or with dimpled with whole together one sideways with a stretch’d out being

embers quite free! Used to cinders are him young head, who stood glaring it abroad. For she deer-herd bent, sacred first

in any said: Brothers love, and a colouring, shewing less robbery hand—had graceful ha’, his, angels alone,

love, and moss and mony a sparkling out thought that all—arms them with your harvests bent, the cast and see feed our

idle tongue into rhyme; but at the cap; in fact remembers quite enough, tough strife to ushers in this mother she

learn! And hospitable to each a quarter noon, that spoke as if they lived till she did not, kind of the merely anchor

dropped, help control. Into this think you for you, you may, and never been grieved with every sorry that great deep, a

film of his name, and dewy starry cluster’d steppes … I wonders; sweetest Lesbia, let’s gentle for leaps of my lord that

need no more quick to your brain, her bliss, a film of hope beyond all the guess her old Susan had refuse, whose red

begonia puzzled the nails are equall’d by divorce, because t were all cut off with shape of thin its round his lips lie

folded arms! Sofas t was nothing broth of sense of Betty shed in times within the roses nobody could

returning shed shaft, and all Seville, a pretty care; but sooth’d her too, blasphemed as well for the canvass what were off!

#poetry #automatically generated text #Patrick Mooney #Markov chains #Markov chain length: 6 #178 texts #ballad sequence

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trelldraws · 3 years

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The other night I was searching JSTOR for papers on 16th- and 17th-century German witch trials, as one does, when I came across this absolute showstopper of an abstract:

For 250 years insects and rodents accused of committing property crimes were tried as legal persons in French, Italian, and Swiss ecclesiastic courts under the same laws and according to the same procedures used to try actual persons. I argue that the Catholic Church used vermin trials to increase tithe revenues where tithe evasion threatened to erode them. Vermin trials achieved this by bolstering citizens' belief in the validity of Church punishments for tithe evasion: estrangement from God through sin, excommunication, and anathema. Vermin trials permitted ecclesiastics to evidence their supernatural sanctions' legitimacy by producing outcomes that supported those sanctions' validity. These outcomes strengthened citizens' belief that the Church's imprecation were real, which allowed ecclesiastics to reclaim jeopardized tithe revenue.

ME: THEY WHAT?

Needless to say, I had to click this paper, whereupon I passed in the course of several pages from wondering whether this was a really elaborate joke published in Chicago University's Journal of Law and Economics to literally crying with laughter:

Everyone has heard of a kangaroo court. But how about a court for kangaroos? What about a court for caterpillars? Impossible though it seems, for 250 years French, Italian, and Swiss legal systems had just that. Their ecclesiastic courts tried insects and rodents for property crimes according to the same procedures used to try legal persons. These courts summoned snails to answer charges of trespass, appointed legal counselors to locusts, and considered defenses for grasshoppers on the grounds that they were God's creatures. They convinced cockchafers of cozening crops, fulminated against field mice for filching from farmers, and exiled weevils under pain of excommunication and anathema.

Vermin trials were not the province of Dark Age ignorance or impoverished primitivism. They were of a much later, more enlightened vintage—a Renaissance one. Further, they occurred in the wealthiest countries in the world.

One interpretation of vermin trials is that the judicial officials who conducted them were mad. In examining these trials' records, it is tempting to conclude as much. In the records, we find distinguished judges ordering crickets to follow legal instructions, dignified jurists negotiating a settlement between farmers and beetles, and a decorous court granting a horde of rat defendants a continuance on the grounds that some cats prevented them from attending their trial.

[3] This paper considers ecclesiastic trials of vermin only. It does not consider the prosecution of domestic animals, such as dogs in pigs, in secular courts. For information on trials of domestic animals, which is often mixed with discussions of vermin trials, see Evans (1906) and Finkelstein (1981). For information on trials of inanimate objects, which is also occasionally mixed with discussions of animal trials, see Hyde (1916, 1917a, 1917b) and Pietz (1997). For information on animal trials under Roman law, see Jackson (1978).

This is so much absurdist litigation.

Early modern citizens' knowledge of pests and how to control them was poor. A perusal of pest control manuals used by professional farmers reveals just how poor. State-of-the-art Renaissance pesticides included sprinkling weasel ashes or water in which a cat had been bathed over fields to drive away mice; capturing a rodent, castrating it, and releasing it among other rodents to deter them; putting castor oil plants in afflicted fields to drive away moles; and hanging garlic around flock leaders' necks to protect sheep from wolves.[4]

[...]

Thus, it is unsurprising that, together with the other impressive remedies noted above, early modern farmers considered the ecclesiastical trial of vermin as a possible pesticide. Indeed, early modern pest control manuals explicitly advised farmers to use divine pesticide when confronted with difficult-to-resolve infestations. As one manual put it, "When all of these remedies are unsuccessful, one must turn to the ban of the Church" (Dannenfeldt 1982, p. 555).

Early modern citizens' divine-pesticide superstition is still less surprising when one considers the superstitions held by Europe's intellectual elite during the same period. These individuals held, for example, that the continent was infested by witches who had intercourse with demons and sole men's genitals while the men slept. When compared with this belief, simple farmers' belief that god might be able to exterminate pests is unremarkable.

[4] Early modern manuals contain a few pest control methods that are more sensible, for example, poison. But even these display incredible ignorance. One suggests using butter to poison rats.

Multiple communities beset by the same pests sometimes sued vermin collectively. For instance, in 1659 the Italian communes of Chiavenna, Mese, Gordona, Prada, and Samolico banded together to prosecute caterpillars they charge with trespassing on and damaging their fields.

A class action against caterpillars!!!

Ecclesiastic courts appointed defense attorneys to represent accused insects and rodents. Thus, when in 1519 the inhabitants of Glurns, Italy, sued some field mice for property damage, the court appointed legal counsel for the mice "to the end that they may have nothing to complain of in these proceedings" (Evans 1906, p. 112). Similarly, later that century, when the inhabitant of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne, France, sued some weevils, the court appointed the creatures two legal representatives, a procurator and an advocate, "lest the animals against whom the action lies should remain defenseless" (Cohen 1993, p. 120).

Ecclesiastic judges showed impressive fairness towards vermin in such trials. Consider a fourteenth-century lawsuit brought against some flies by the inhabitants of Mainz, Germany. To the court's consternation, the flies refused to appear before the bench after being summonsed. The court concluded that "in consideration of their small size and the fact that they had not yet reached their majority," it would overlook the flies' failure to appear and would appoint them adequate defense counsel to prevent it from happening again (Evans 1906, pp. 110-11).

AAAAA

The lawyers representing vermin argued strenuously for their clients at trial. A common defense was that the defendants were God's creations. Thus, they had as much right to enjoy the fruit of His earth as the plaintiffs. Another common defense was that the case was invalid. Thus, the plaintiffs should be nonsuited.

One argument that vermin defense attorneys made towards this end was that their clients were vermin (Evans 1906, pp.98-99). This would have been a sensible argument against treating pests as legal persons—presumably the most sensible one—were it not offered by way of elaborate judicial proceedings that presumed the legitimacy of treating grasshoppers and moles as legal persons ipso facto.[6]

Procurators on both sides "took their job very seriously, devoting a great deal of time, knowledge, and legal expertise to the defense of their clients" (Cohen 1993, p.120). Vermin trials involved much legal wrangling. And judges at least pretended to be at great pains to decide cases justly.

[6] According to Chassenée (1531), another legal manuever [sic] attorneys for vermin resorted to was to argue that their clients were clerics, which entitled the vermin to the benefit of clergy. This would have permitted insects and rodents to have an ecclesiastic judge decide their case when the bishop granted jurisdiction to a secular magistrate (Evans 1906, pp.32-33). No vermin counselor ever used this argument. Still, the possibility that caterpillars or field mice might be men of the cloth was an argument the courts were willing to entertain.

By this point I was actually wheezing. Quoth a friend, accurately, upon being sent this excerpt: "???????????????? / The biggest, longest question mark of my life" ME FUCKING TOO

[7] Vermin often lost their case by default. Judges summoned vermin to appear in court to answer the charges against them three times. "The summoners were . . . served in the usual way by an officer of the court, reading them at the places most frequented by the animals" (Jamieson 1988, p. 51). If the vermin failed to respond to the third and final summons, the court could convict them.

To ensure that all members of the convicted species were aware of their sentence, the court announced the its verdict publictly and nailed broadsheets declaring its judgement to trees in the affected area. Alternatively, the court might bright some specimens before the bench to inform them of its decision, remitting the creatures to the afflicted area to share the decision with their colleagues (Dinzelbacher 2002, p. 410).

PLEASE!!!

TL;DR this whole paper was just such an experience, thank you god and the University of Chicago, I've never laughed so much in the course of reading an academic publication in my life, well-researched this is not but imagine submitting this paper with a straight face, this man has won academia

#not art #tbd

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jackisino · 3 years

Text

The CRC for Plaintiff homeowners' association appealed from the decision of the Superior Court of Alameda County (California)

Procedural Posture

Plaintiff homeowners' association appealed from the decision of the Superior Court of Alameda County (California) which granted defendants', developer and initial directors, motion for nonsuit in an action SB 50 California Planning and zoning for breach of fiduciary duty and for strict liability and breach of warranty as to defects in the common area landscaping.

Overview

Plaintiff homeowners' association filed an action against defendant developer for strict liability and breach of warranty as to defects in common area landscaping and against defendant developer and initial directors for breach of fiduciary duty. The trial court granted defendants' motion for nonsuit. The major questions on plaintiff's appeal from the judgment were plaintiff's standing to sue under Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 11000.1, pursuant to Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 374, or in a representative capacity, pursuant to Cal. Civ. Proc. Code § 382; the appropriate measure of damages; the fiduciary liability of defendants; and the attorney fees. The court reversed, holding that plaintiff had standing to sue under § 374 because it owned common areas and under § 382 in a representative capacity. Since defendant initial directors failed to exercise their supervisory and managerial responsibilities, they were liable for breach of fiduciary duties. Damages for strict liability of defendant developer were the cost of remedying the defects in the landscaping and repairing the individual properties, plus the value of the lost use during the period of injury. Nominal attorney fees was awarded.

Outcome

The court reversed the judgment of nonsuit, holding that plaintiff homeowners' association had standing to sue in a representative capacity or because it owned common areas. Defendant initial directors were liable for breach of fiduciary duties. Damages for strict liability of defendant developer were measured as the cost of remedying the defects, plus the lost use during the period of injury. Plaintiff was awarded nominal attorney fees.

Procedural Posture

Appellant, a buyer of a tavern, alleged that respondent, the California Department of Alcoholic Beverages Control, acted in an arbitrary and discriminatory manner in revoking or suspending an alcoholic beverage license issued to the prior owner and in causing the prior owner to surrender the license. The Superior Court of Los Angeles County (California), entered summary judgment in favor of the Department. The buyer appealed.

Overview

The sale agreement provided for the buyer to acquire the business and the license. The buyer did not, however, apply to the agency for a transfer of the license. While investigating reports of license violations, the agency became aware of the sale of the tavern and obtained a surrender of the license from the previous owner. The buyer filed a complaint alleging that he acquired the license by purchasing the tavern. The court held that Bus. & Prof. Code, § 24071.1, did not provide for an automatic transfer of the license upon the sale of the tavern. Bus. & Prof. Code, §§ 24070, 23958, 23987, case law, and Cal. Code Regs., tit. 4, § 60, made it clear that a transfer could be effective only upon agency approval of an application. Thus, the buyer should have applied for a transfer or for an original license. Because he did not do so, he failed to exhaust administrative remedies. Cal. Const., art. I, § 7, subd. (a), did not authorize an action for money damages. The agency and its employees were immune from tort claims related to investigative activities under Gov. Code, §§ 815.2, 821.6, and to discretionary licensing decisions under Gov. Code, §§ 815.2, 818.4, 821.2.

Outcome

The court affirmed the trial court's judgment.

#CRC #California #Rules of Court

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