Los Orígenes de la família Gracia
[Joaquín Gracia Anadón y María Antónia García Martín bisabuelos de Tina Aumont]
Joaquín Gracia Anadón - bisabuelo de Tina Aumont por parte de madre -, nació el 23 de mayo de 1841 en el municipio de Estercuel (Teruel), hijo de Pablo Gracia González, de la misma naturaleza, y de Tomasa Anadón Andrés, nacida en La Mata de los Olmos (Teruel). Sus abuelos paternos fueron Pedro Pablo Gracia y Ramona González, los maternos, Joaquín y María Teresa Andrés. Era bisnieto de Francisco Gracia e Isabel Ana Luño y de Francisco Anadón e Isabel Julve. Tomasa Anadón Andrés murió en Muniesa (Teruel) el 8 de mayo de 1867.
María Antonia García Martín - bisabuela de Tina Aumont por parte de madre -, nació en Garafía (La Palma), el 28 de septiembre de 1842. Era hija de Francisco Agustín García Medina y de María Antonia Martín Sánchez.
Cuando Joaquín Gracia Anadón tenía quince meses falleció su padre y junto a su madre se trasladó a casa de unos tíos en La Mata de los Olmos (Teruel), donde vivió durante su infancia y juventud. A la edad de 21 años fue llamado a filas e ingresa en el Batallón de Alcaníz. Más tarde fue enviado a la guerra de la isla de Santo Domingo y, terminada esta pasó a la isla de Cuba.
En Cuba conoció a María Antonia García Martín, que era natural de Garafía (las Palmas), ella era la mujer que sería su esposa.
Ambos contrajeron matrimonio, en la Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Luz de Garafía, el 17 de junio de 1872, inscrito en el Registro Civil del mismo municipio el 22 de abril de 1875. Establecieron el domicilio familiar en la Lomada de Santo Domingo, en el municipio de Garafia, lugar donde aún hoy se conserva la vivienda familiar.
El matrimonio del aragonés y la canaria tuvo seis hijos:
1. Isidoro, nacido el 3 de abril de 1873
2. Aquilino, nacido el 3 de enero de 1875
3. Tomasa, nacida el 31 de diciembre de 1876
4. Joaquín, nacido el 9 de mayo de 1878
5. Gaudencia, nacida el 12 de febrero de 1882
6. Agustín, que falleció menor
María Antonia García Martín, murió en Garafía el 21 de marzo de 1904, a los 61 años.
Joaquín Gracia Anadón, murió en Garafía, el 28 de febrero de 1913, a los 72 años de edad, de hemorragia cerebral.
[Isidoro Gracia García, abuelo materno de Tina Aumont, fotografiado en su juventud]
Isidoro Gracia García nace en Garafía el 3 de abril de 1873, hijo de Joaquín Gracia Anadón, natural de Estercuel (Teruel), y de María Antonia García Martín, natural de Garafía, en la isla de La Palma.
Cuando Isidoro sólamente tenía diez años de edad fue sometido a un interrogatorio judicial, respecto del incendio de la Casa Consistorial de Garafía, cuyos cargos habían sido imputados a su padre. Este hecho, debió marcar de por vida a Isidoro Gracia García.
Las dificultades económicas de la familia obligaron a Isidoro y a su hermano Joaquín a emigrar en busca de fortuna, primero a Cuba y posteriormente a la República Dominicana, donde fijaron su residencia en la localidad de Barahona alrederores de 1904.
Isidoro se estableció como «comerciante de mucho crédito». Se dedicó a los prósperos negocios del textil y a la exportación de madera guayacán (Lignum vitae).
Su capacidad empresarial y sus facultades humanas le valieron el nombramiento por el entonces ministro de Estado (hoy, ministro de Asuntos Exteriores) como vicecónsul honorario, previa solicitud del Real Consulado de España en el país.
En Barahona fue donde Isidoro conoció a la que se convertiría en su compañera y, tras casi 16 años de convivencia, en su esposa, María Teresa Vidal Recio. Fruto de esta unión nacieron diez hijos. Isidoro y María Teresa contrayeron matrimonio el 7 de enero de 1925, para entonces ya habían nacido la mayoría de sus hijos. La segunda de estos fue María África Gracia Vidal, más conocida como María Montez en la gran pantalla, y los dos últimos vendrían después: Jaime, en 1927, y Teresa, en 1930.
A parte de esta numerosa descendencia, Isidoro tuvo otros dos hijos extramatrimoniales (Orbito y Gaudencio), y acogió a Antonio López (Toño), huérfano de un gran amigo. Se trataba así, de una gran familia.
Isidoro Gracia García fallece en Barahona en 1933.
[María África Gracia Vidal fotografiada en 1930 antes de dar su salto a la fama]
A la orilla del mar Caribe, en Barahona (República Dominicana), nació, el 6 de junio de 1912, María África Gracia Vidal, hija del canario Isidoro Gracia García y de Teresa María Vidal, natural de Baní. Según sus biógrafos dominicanos, su nombre de pila fue deseo de su padre «en homenaje a su tierra natal, la Isla de la Palma (una de las Islas Canarias), que aunque pertenezca a España está localizada en el continente africano».
María fue la segunda de once hermanos: Isidoro, María África, Aquilino, Joaquín, David, Ada, Consuelo, Luz, Luis, Jaime y Teresita.
Desde pequeña, la futura actriz mostró interés por el teatro y el cine. Llegó a escribir pequeñas obras dramáticas que representaba ante sus amigos y familia. Aprendió inglés sin profesor alguno, contando sólo con asiduas lecturas en revistas y periódicos. Aún con estudios básicos, se atrevió con la publicación de tres libros y varios poemas sueltos, que firmaba con su verdadero nombre, María África Gracia.
Durante su vida María Montez mantuvo correspondencia con su primo Armando Gracia San Fiel (1913-1997) que residía en Madrid; las cartas muestran la personalidad sencilla de la actriz, próxima, comunicativa y curiosa por sus familiares palmeros coincidiendo con el momento en que ya se encontraba en la cumbre de su carrera cinematográfica.
La estrella también tuvo siempre presentes sus raíces aragonesas. En una carta de 1944 a su primo residente en Madrid, María contempla como posibles destinos para darle un hogar confortable a su madre "Barcelona o Teruel". En otro documento, afirma que está "muerta de curiosidad" por conocer todos los detalles posibles de la familia Gracia, un apellido "muy aragonés", según explica la investigadora María Victoria Hernández.
Entre los documentos analizados por la investigadora, Maria Victoria Hernandez, destaca una carta de 1944 en la que se puede leer: "Tan pronto se acabe la maldita guerra -la II Guerra Mundial-, mamá piensa ir a vivir a España, tal vez a Barcelona o Teruel para formar un hogar donde esté nuestra familia". En otra misiva de 1945 se interesa por "si hay buena universidad en Zaragoza" ante la expectativa de que estudien allí tres hermanos pequeños de la artista. También pide información sobre cuánto costaría en la capital aragonesa "alquilar un apartamento chico", y pregunta "cómo es el clima y qué tal es la vida allí".
María Montez se sentía orgullosa de su sangre paterna. Cuando en 1949 le preguntaron, en el Festival de Cine de Venecia, su verdadera nacionalidad, respondió:
«Pero, hijo mío, ¿de dónde cree usted que soy? ¿Acaso turca? Mi padre, palmero, y mi madre, dominicana, y mi verdadero apellido, Gracia. Esto de “Montez” es el postizo para el cine y el teatro»
El cariño por sus orígenes lo demuestra cuando, unos días antes de su muerte, el productor español Cesáreo González le ofrece hacer la película “La maja de Goya”. María declara a la prensa que la filmaría con su auténtico apellido, Gracia, y responde a un periodista francés: «Me eduqué en Santa Cruz de Tenerife, y he tenido siempre para todo lo español verdadera admiración. […] estoy segura que allí todos verán muy bien que yo trabaje con mi verdadero nombre, pero a nadie le habrá de satisfacer tanto como a mí».
Foto de la inauguración de la exposición de María Montez, con la presencia del Sr. Alcalde Yeray Rodríguez, y de dos primas segundas de María Montez, Pilar García Pombrol y Pilar Cabrera Pombrol. Garafía, octubre de 2012. Del blog Garafia@s.
~*~ ~*~ ~*~
Fuentes consultadas:
Las raíces Turolenses de una diva (Heraldo, 26.10.2008)
Los Orígenes palmeros de la actriz María Montez (October/November 2009)
Personalidades Garafianas (12.2012)
La Exposición de María Montez viaja a Gran Canaria (El Apurón, 21.11.2013)
Dos Actrices Internacionales descendientes de un Luño (Plenas Zaragoza 14.12.2016)
Fotos del libro "María Montez La Reina del Tecnicolor", de Antonio Pérez Arnay (Filmoteca Canaria 1995) - Las fotos de este libro no están sujetas a ningún copyright.
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🏛️🏺🗺️🛕🏯
The Basics
Name: Sidney Spillane
Birthdate: February 5, 1904
Birthplace: New Orleans, Louisiana, the United States
Occupation: professor of archaeology, primarily
Specialism: traveler
Skills: charm, athleticism, guns
Love interest(s): María García Pérez (formerly), Lady Esmerelda Hortensia Frideswide Hildegunde Fairfield
Background
Sidney Spillane was born in 1904 in New Orleans, Louisiana, the only child of Olivia – a commercial artist specialising in making hand-painted cover illustrations for books at a small local publishing company, and Stephen Spillane, who was a journalist focusing primarily on book reviews and drama criticism, but later graduated to lead editor owing to his relentless but effective self-promotion.
As a child, Sidney was surrounded by books depicting travel and adventure, which played a big part in shaping his personality – making him fiery, outgoing and competitive, but also easily frustrated by losing a game, or by not being able to learn something fast enough. Still, the boy definitely excelled when it came to academic studies. He kept himself well-versed and well-read, which, while praised by teachers, had the unfortunate effect of causing him to be known as an irksome smart alec among his peers, although still genuinely liked by many.
His mother Olivia felt strongly about reading and education, and subtly pushed him toward academic success, but she also tried to foster her child's other interest, talents and imagination. By contrast, his father was a strict, career-oriented by-the-book type, who expected his son to always be respectful and dutiful, but instead got a son that was energetic and inquisitive, although some might say excessively so. In 1916 Stephen was appointed to a committee which was responsible for raising American support for the war effort – he wrote articles, organised campaigns, and formal talks to motivate the American people. The public opinion was shifting, but not fast enough, and so he was sent to Europe to gather first-hand material that would indisputably inspire the populace. With him gone abroad, Olivia invited her widowed father to help around the house, but most importantly to spend time with Sidney, and keep him occupied and out of trouble.
His grandfather provided him with the rare gift of freedom of exploration, and exposed him to various activities that roused Sidney’s imaginative curiosity – the two would enjoy spending time together, take long walks, enjoy a closeness with nature, and develop an understanding of their family history. Sidney began to develop an interest in archaeology at the age of twelve when he first felt a surge of inspiration and elation after a chance discovery during his long walks with grandpa Jack of what appeared to be a damaged terracotta figurine. Of course, his discovery was not an ancient relic – merely a discarded decorative piece of a miniature vase, but it was enough to make him start asking questions. Imagining that the piece was indeed a treasure from days long past, Sidney wanted to know which tools were used to make it, who the person that made it was and what their daily life was like, how they interacted with others and what they valued and hoped for.
His adventures with grandpa Jack came to a halt when the latter passed away, however. Unable to confront this personal tragedy and besieged by loneliness, Sidney became irresponsible and reckless in his attempt to run away from it. Many people, including his supremely disappointed father, decided to distance themselves from him without offering any kind of support or consolation. The silver lining through it all was the fact that Sidney’s curiosity and thirst for knowledge were not fully diminished, and, with a newly discovered zeal, he threw himself back into studying, in no small part motivated by the memory of the discovery he had made at the age of twelve. Both his inspiration and the weight of his academic accomplishments remained misunderstood by many, although Sidney was more than happy to put his quick mind to good use once again. Soon enough he was able to leave the family nest after graduation in order to follow his passion and boldly traverse through the world yet unknown to him.
Personality
“If I’m so annoying, why not just kill me?”
Upon reaching adulthood, Sidney managed to hone the traits he was known for in his childhood into finer qualities – many now call him courageous, enthusiastic, outspoken, and often refer to him as someone who can enjoy a good challenge while being sporting about it. However, in his heart, he did not change much from the idealistic youth he once was, and never truly gave up on the heroic stories that had a hand in shaping his personality – filled to the brim with endless energy, Dr. Sidney Spillane is an optimist who approaches life with curiosity and a sense of adventure, and is able to look at the world with an anticipation of all the exciting things he can experience, despite not being a stranger to heartache. Those who admire Sidney laud him for being unafraid of facing danger and long odds. Meanwhile his critics would say that he is full of hot air, and is frivolous in his desire to disobey rules and conventional behaviour.
Indeed, Sidney is not afraid to openly question certain traditions and mock those in position of authority, encourage spontaneity and enthusiasm in his students and friends, and inspire other people to seek out new and unconventional experiences. He is naturally eloquent with words, empathetic, adept at both genuine flattery and sugarcoating, is able to lead people on without ever becoming obvious that he is, and possesses the cunning to twist his words for a purpose – making him a good actor when he chooses to. Still, while his charming and casual attitude easily wins people over in most everyday scenarios, it can easily come across as intensely annoying and frustrating when he is unable to tone it down in dangerous situations, oftentimes leading to unpleasant results.
Still, much to the surprise of his naysayers (most of whom are his stuffy colleagues that refuse to look past the outward expression of his personality), Sidney is an incredibly skilled and passionate teacher, and his academic achievements are worthy of praise. He excels at supporting his students with empathy and wit, although he can just as easily point out genuine mistakes, or when their behaviour crosses a line when needed. He applies his good sense of humor to most of his lectures and organised digs, believing that it is important to keep the interaction with one another lighthearted, laugh about past experiences in the field, swap stories and bounce ideas off one another. Many would describe him as having exceptional people and communication skills, and having a natural inclination for leadership; and while it is true that he would try his best to stand up for others, be a good listener, and keep them out of harms way, Sidney is not particularly introspective or adept at dealing with his own negative emotions such as frustration, loneliness, uncertainty, anxiety, and so on. He tends to become unfocused and somewhat irritable when having to deal with these feelings and, instead of trying to work through them, begins seeking out thrilling experiences in order to stave off all negativity. Yet he fails to see that this approach is not sustainable in the long run, and eventually leads him to feeling jaded and cynical, which in turn causes him to seek out even more distractions, often bordering on addictions – anything that would keep him from experiencing boredom or having to face the more negative aspects of himself.
A turning point in his life happened in the summer of 1938, when, after losing the competition organised by Lord Hugo de Beaulieu, and witnessing the passing of a good friend, Sidney had to make the conscious decision to slow down, face his own insecurities and try to become a person that is willing to be more introspective and willing to deal with the dark, painful and upsetting aspects of life. In truth, this change was motivated in no small part by his dawning understanding that he wants to be a steady presence in Esme’s life and provide her with love and security. Evidently, it was not an overnight change, but he allowed himself to approach life at a slower pace, no longer completely afraid of having to deal with hardships, and emerged as a person that matured but still maintained his child-like wonder about even the smallest gifts of joy life has to offer – no longer viewing them as distractions, but truly taking the time to appreciate and enjoy them with the people that matter to him.
Likes: travel, spending time with his family, large and goofy dog breeds, cuisine from across different cultures, social events with dancing and music, the thrill of trying something new for the first time, receiving mail from fans
Dislikes: petty gossip, Esme’s culinary preferences, lame nicknames, finding a raisin in a pastry that should not have raisins in it, military types, not being prepared for cold weather, humourless people
Miscellaneous
He suffers from arachnophobia.
After receiving his college degree and deciding to pursue his doctorate abroad, he took a gap year before finally applying to Oxford. During that year, he travelled across Europe, where he found charming corners to explore, took on different jobs, met new people and learned from them, tried the local cuisine, and more. In truth, he was afraid of sticking out like a sore thumb among the Brits, and wanted to take the time to work on his charm.
He received a lot of scars during his adventures, but the one that invites the most exciting party talk is the one left from a massive shark bite that could have put an end to his adventuring days right then and there. The stories of how he got it become more and more outrageous with every retelling.
Even though he is sufficiently athletic, he never really learned how to fight. However, if he is forced into a situation that cannot be resolved by laying on the charm, he would attempt to employ a chaotic fighting style that resembles a spinning windmill. Sometimes it works, most of the times he gets punched in the face.
Stevo gave him the nickname Bonesy.
Knows Cary Grant, apparently. Is it the truth, though?
He considers the tiny decorative vase he had found during one of his outings with grandpa Jack to be a precious family heirloom, and takes great care of it years after making the discovery with plans of passing it down to his daughter.
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My 2023 Reading List
Here's the books and articles that I read in 2023 (a large part of which was a push to finish my dissertation). I thought it might also be useful to others to see what my workload looks like as a 7th year grad student in a PhD. program, especially since I'm unmedicated with severe ADHD. This is what I'm able to get done while fighting through that. I bring this up because I know that it can seem fucking impossible, most notably when we see our neurotypical colleagues churning through incredible amounts of research. A final note: two of the books I'm including in here are books that I started reading in 2022 (Kagan and Stock). Also, note that many of these are re-reads; I've marked these with an Asterisk, and a couple of the books I read around 90%, but dropped a couple chapters that weren't relevant for my projects. These are marked with two asterisks. Be aware that my citations here are of a pretty rough and ready style. Philosophy has weird disciplinary standards (read, almost every journal is different), so I just have a "here's what you need to know to find it" style here.
CW: I work on some dark things involving death, suicide, sexual assault, sex, race, and trans rights, including actively fighting trans-exclusive theorists, so there's a lot of possibly triggering things in here.
Updated: Jan 4, 2024
Abdollah, Serajian, Ebrahim Khosrow, and Sajad Ahmadizad. 2014. “Comparison of Anthropometric and Functional Characteristics of Elite Male Iranian Fencers in Three Weapons.” International Journal of Applied Sport Sciences 26 (1): 11–17.
Alcoff, Linda. 1991. “The Problem of Speaking for Others.” Cultural Critique No. 20 5–32.
Alcoff, Linda. 2007. “Epistemologies of Ignorance: Three Types.” In Race and Epistemologies of Ignorance, edited by Shannon and Tuana Sullivan, Nancy, 39–50. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Anderson, Elizabeth. 2012. “Epistemic Justice as a Virtue of Social Institutions.” Social Epistemology 26 (2): 163–73.
Andler, Matthew. 2017. “Gender Identity and Exclusion: A Reply to Jenkins.” Ethics
Ashley, Florence. 2023. “What is it Like to Have a Gender Identity.” Mind 132 (528): 1053–73.
Ballantyne, Nathan. 2019. “Epistemic Trespassing.” Mind 128 (510): 367–95.
Ballantyne, Nathan, Jared Celniker, and David Dunning. 2022. “Do Your Own Research.” Social Epistemology
Barnett, Brian S, Ariana E Nesbit, and Reneé M Sorrentino. 2018. “The Transgender Bathroom Debate At the Intersection of Politics, Law, Ethics, and Science.” J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 46 (2): 232–41.*
Berg, Amy. 2022. “Is There a Duty to Read the News.” Journal of Moral Philosophy 20 (3-4): 243–67.
Bergero-Miguel, Trinidad, María A García-Encinas, Amelia Villena-Jimena, Lucía Pérez-Costillas, Nicolás Sánchez-Álvarez, Yolanda de Diego-Otero, and Jose Guzman-Parra. 2016. “Gender Dysphoria and Social Anxiety: An Exploratory Study in Spain.” J Sex Med 13 (8): 1270–78.*
Bettcher, Talia Mae. 2009. “Trans Identities and First-Person Authority.” In You’Ve Changed: Sex Reassignment and Personal Identity, edited by Laurie Shrage, 98–120. Oxford University Press.*
Biggs, Michael. Suicide By Trans-Identified Children in England and Wales. Transgender Trend.*
Blair, Karen L., and Rhea Ashley Hoskin. 2019. “Transgender Exclusion From the World of Dating: Patterns of Acceptance and Rejection of Hypothetical Trans Dating Partners as a Function of Sexual and Gender Identity.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36 (7): 2074–95.
Blanchard, Matt, and Barry Farber. 2016. “Lying in Psychotherapy: Why and What Clients Don’t Tell Their Therapist About Therapy and Their Relationship.” Counselling Psychology Quarterly 29 (1): 90–112.
Blanchard, Matt, and Barry Farber. 2020. “”It is Never Okay to Talk About Suicide”: Patients’ Reasons for Concealing Suicidal Ideation in Psychotherapy.” Psychother Res 30 (1): 124–36.
Bochicchio, Lauren, Kelsey Reeder, Lauren Aronson, Charles McTavish, and Ana Stefancic. 2021. “Understanding Factors Associated With Suicidality Among Transgender and Gender-Diverse Identified Youth.” LGBT Health 8 (4): 245–53.
Bradley, Ben. 2012. “Doing Away With Harm.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 85, No. 2 390–412.*
Brown, Brookes. 2023. “Bearing Witness: The Duty of Non‐indifference and the Case for Reading the News.” Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 104 (2): 368–91.
Bustos, Valeria P, Samyd S Bustos, Andres Mascaro, Gabriel Del Corral, Antonio J Forte, Pedro Ciudad, Esther A Kim, Howard N Langstein, and Oscar J Manrique. 2021. “Regret After Gender-Affirmation Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence.” Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 9 (3): e3477.*
Byrne, Alex. 2020. “Are Women Adult Human Females.” Philosophical Studies 177 (12): 3783–803.
Carel, Havi, and Ian Kidd. 2014. “Epistemic Injustice in Healthcare: A Philosophical Analysis.” Med Health Care Philos 17 (4): 529–40.
Cattien, Jana. 2019. “Against “Transracialism”: Revisiting the Debate.” Hypatia 34 (4): 713–35.
Clements-Nolle, Kristen, Rani Marx, and Mitchell Katz. 2006. “Attempted Suicide Among Transgender Persons: The Influence of Gender-Based Discrimination and Victimization.” Journal of Homosexuality 51 (3): 53–69.*
Congdon, Matthew. 2018. ““Knower” as an Ethical Concept: From Epistemic Agency to Mutual Recognition.” Feminist Philosophy Quarterly 4 (4):
Costa, Rosalia, and Marco Colizzi. 2016. “The Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Treatment on Gender Dysphoria Individuals’ Mental Health: A Systematic Review.” Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 12 1953–66.*
Crichton, Carel, & Kidd. 2017. Epistemic Injustice in Psychiatry. BJPsych Bulletin. 41:65-70.
Crocker, David. 1991. “Insiders and Outsiders in International Development.” Ethics and International Affairs 5 149–73.
Cullison, Andrew. 2010. “On the Nature of Testimony.” Episteme
Daniels, Norman. 2015. “Why We Should Care About the Social Determinants of Health.” Am J Bioeth 15 (3): 37–38.
Davey, Amanda, Walter Pierre Bouman, Caroline Meyer, and Jon Arcelus. 2015. “Interpersonal Functioning Among Treatment-Seeking Trans Individuals.” J Clin Psychol 71 (12): 1173–85.*
Davey, Amanda, Walter Pierre Bouman, Jon Arcelus, and Caroline Meyer. 2014. “Social Support and Psychological Well-Being in Gender Dysphoria: A Comparison of Patients With Matched Controls.” J Sex Med 11 (12): 2976–85.*
Davis, Emmalon. 2016. “Typecasts, Tokens, and Spokespersons: A Case for Credibility Excess as Testimonial Injustice.” Hypatia 31 (3): 485–501.
Dees, Richard H. 2019. “Primum Non Nocere Mortuis: Bioethics and the Lives of the Dead.” Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 44 (6): 732–55.
Dembroff, Robin. 2020. “Beyond Binary: Genderqueer as Critical Gender Kind.” Philosophers’ Imprint 20 (9): 1–23.*
Dembroff, Robin, and Dennis Whitcomb. Forthcoming. “Content-Focused Epistemic Injustice.” Oxford Studies in Epistemology*
DiPaolo, Joshua. 2022. “What’s Wrong With Epistemic Trespassing.” Philosophical Studies 179 (1): 223–43.
DiPaolo, Joshua. Forthcoming. “”I’m, Like, a Very Smart Person” on Self-Licensing and Perils of Reflection.” Oxford Studies in Epistemology
Dormandy, Katherine. 2018. “Epistemic Authority: Preemption or Proper Basing.” Erkenntnis 83 (4): 773–91.
Dotson, Kristie. 2008. “In Search of Tanzania: Are Effective Epistemic Practices Sufficient for Just Epistemic Practices?” Southern Journal of Philosophy 46 (S1): 52–64.*
Dotson, Kristie. 2011. “Tracking Epistemic Violence, Tracking Practices of Silencing.” Hypatia 26 (2): 236–57.*
Dotson, Kristie. 2012. “A Cautionary Tale: On Limiting Epistemic Oppression.” Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies 33 (1): 24–47.*
Dotson, Kristie. 2014. “Conceptualizing Epistemic Oppression.” Social Epistemology 28 (2): 115–38.*
Frost-Arnold, Karen. 2014a. “Imposters, Tricksters, and Trustworthiness as an Epistemic Virtue.” Hypatia 29 (4): 790–807.
Frost-Arnold, Karen. 2014b. “The Cognitive Attitude of Rational Trust.” Synthese 191 (9): 1957–74.
Frost-Arnold, Karen. 2014c. “Trustworthiness and Truth: The Epistemic Pitfalls of Internet Accountability.” Episteme 11 (1): 63–81.
Funkhouser, Eric. 2017. “Beliefs as Signals: A New Function for Belief.” Philosophical Psychology 30 (6): 809–31.
Gardner, Molly. 2015. “A Harm-Based Solution to the Non-Identity Problem.” Ergo 2 427–44.*
Gardner, Molly. 2019. “When Good Things Happen to Harmed People.” Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 22 (4): 893–908.
Gijs, Luk, and Anne Brewaeys. 2007. “Surgical Treatment of Gender Dysphoria in Adults and Adolescents: Recent Developments, Effectiveness, and Challenges.” Annual Review of Sex Research 18 (1): 178–224.*
Goldman, Alvin I. 2001. “Experts: Which Ones Should You Trust.” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 63 (1): 85–110.
Harcourt, Edward. 2021. “Epistemic Injustice, Children and Mental Illness.” J Med Ethics 47 (11): 729–35.
Hardwig, John. 1985. “Epistemic Dependence.” The Journal of Philosophy 82 (7): 335–49.
Harvin, Cassandra Byers. 1996. “Conversations I Can’t Have.” One the Issues: The Progressive Women’s Quartery 5 (2): 15–16.
Hookway, Christopher. 2010. “Some Varieties of Epistemic Injustice: Reflections on Fricker.” Episteme 7 (2): 151–63.
Intemann, Kristen. 2010. “25 Years of Feminist Empiricism and Standpoint Theory: Where Are We Now.” Hypatia 25 (4): 778–96.
Jaggar, Alison M. 1998. “Globalizing Feminist Ethics.” Hypatia 13 (2): 7–31.
Jenkins, Katharine. 2016. “Amelioration and Inclusion: Gender Identity and the Concept of Woman.” Ethics 126 (2): 394–421.*
Jenkins, Katharine. 2018. “Toward an Account of Gender Identity.” Ergo, an Open Access Journal of Philosophy 5 (20201214):
Jenness, Valerie, Cheryl L. Maxson, Kristy N Matsuda, and Jennifer Macy Sumner. 2007. “Violence in California Correctional Facilities: An Empirical Examination of Sexual Assault.” The Bulletin 2 (2): 1–4.
Joshi, Hrishikesh. 2022a. “Debunking Creedal Beliefs.” Synthese 200 (6):
Joshi, Hrishikesh. 2022b. “The Epistemic Significance of Social Pressure.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy 52 (4): 396–410.
Kaltial-Heino, Rittakerttu, Maria Sumia, Marja Työläjärvi, and Nina Lindberg. 2015. “Two Years of Gender Identity Service for Minors: Overrepresentation of Natal Girls With Severe Problems in Adolescent Development.” Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health 9 (9): *
Kidd, Ian James, Lucienne Spencer, and Havi Carel. 2023. “Epistemic Injustice in Psychiatric Research and Practice.” Philosophical Psychology 1–29.
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Books
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Stock, Kathleen. 2021. Material Girls: Why Reality Matters for Feminism. Fleet.
Book Chapters
Ballantyne, Nathan. 2022. “Novices and Expert Disagreement.” In Reason, Bias, and Inquiry, edited by Nathan Ballantyne, and David Dunning, 227–53. Oxford University Press.
Collins, Patricia Hill. 2000. Chapter 5: The Power of Self-Definition. in Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment. Second Edition. Routledge. 97-121.
Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1997. “Intersectionality and Identity Politics: Learning From Violence Against Women of Color.” In Reconstructing Political Theory: Feminist Perspectives, edited by Mary Lyndon Shanley, and Uma Narayan, 178–93. University Park, Pennsylvania: Penn State Press.
Feinberg, Joel. 1993. “Harm to Others.” In The Metaphysics of Death, edited by John Martin Fischer, 169–90. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Fricker, Elizabeth. 2006. “Testimony and Epistemic Autonomy.” In The Epistemology of Testimony, edited by Jennifer Lackey, and Ernest Sosa, 225–50. Oxford University Press.
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Kierkegaard, Søren. 2003 [1843]. trans. Howard V. and Edna H. Hong. "Problema II." in Basic Writings of Existentialism, edited by Gordon Marino. The Modern Library. 24-39.*
Phelan, Shane. 1989. Chapter 4: Definition and Community. in Identity Politics. Temple University Press. 59-80.
Phelan, Shane. 1989. Chapter 7: The Limits of Community. in Identity Politics. Temple University Press. 135-151.
Sartre, Jean Paul. 1993 [1943]. trans. Hazel Barnes. "Introduction: The Pursuit of Being." in. Being and Nothingness. Washington Square Press. xlv-lxvii.*
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