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acoldsovereign · 3 months

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THE KOKYTANS.

Blue-skinned and translucent, all of their organs are visible from the outside. They are all 5'0" max, aside from one-- Ollvrox. That one in particular is barely under six feet but this is considered a mutation, one that finds them outcasted amongst the enslaved subjects under Maiz's reign. Ollvrox is, also unfortunately, the Eldest Living Kokytan that remembers life before her invasion and subsequent conquest. They are 60.

The Kokytans have no concept of gender nor sex, as they have no outer or inner genitalia. They all look the same, more or less. They don't discern or understand differences aside from genetic mutations. B.M. (Before Maiz), if one was found to have a mutation, they were either exiled from mainstream society (becoming the scientist/medic caste) or they were studied (modern concepts of medicine and technology came out of these practices).

When Maiz crash landed, there were thousands upon thousands of them. During the siege, that number dipped drastically. After they surrendered to her, the population recovered, but the numbers were never the same. If they weren't dying because they performed their new duties incorrectly or they didn't address her properly, it was due to botched operations and forced medical procedures. Around this time, a hundred Kokytans were sacrificed, tortured and killed in order for Maiz to master her new technique: COLD INSTINCT.

The Kokytans are a telepathic Race. Although they have mouths (which would suggest a digestive tract, and therefore a stomach), they don't speak with it. Their ki technique allows them to bind themselves to one another ala hive mind, and track each other as well as 'hijack' another Kokytan's body if they sense one of them is in danger. Due to many of the original Kokytans dying off during Maiz's siege, it's unknown whether this was natural, brought out because of evolution, or if it was a side effect of the experiments under her orders. None of them would be able to tell you. To make things worse, many of them have abandoned their old ways and their scientific minds are now geared towards violence and war. Regardless-- their thoughts are charged by their ki, and they can project them into their target's head*.

Kokytans have cerulean-colored blood and purple organs. Therefore, their veins, nervous system, brain, etc are all varying shades of purple. To be frank, the Kokytans are an atrocious, hideous Race without the charm of being/looking humanoid. Their eyes are small, beady and luminous under low lighting, their teeth shrink with each generation, growing more uneven and their lips are salmon pink-- cracked, and dry. Their heads are elongated and squid-like. They have hollow cheekbones. Three to four fingers on each hand with no opposable thumbs (the flesh underneath their fingertips can be adhesive to grab onto objects easier). Modern Kokytans have sturdy, strong shoulders and resilient arms but the rest of their strange bodies are terribly squishy. Despite Maiz's best efforts, the Kokytans are just not made for fighting. They are useful in other ways though, and she mainly employs them for their scientific and technological know-how, their espionage potential, as bodyguards, grunt/foot soldiers, as a display of power or force, etc.

BONUS:

While Planet Kokytus wasn't the first planet she ravaged (that honor goes to Frieza Planet #699999), it was the first she conquered. This feat was achieved at the ripe age of 11.

Planet Kokytus is a crystalline wonderland of frost, ice and cold (Think of Krypton's Fortress of Solitude except it's everywhere). Amazingly like Earth, they have four seasons but they're all variations of coldness. One could say they experience different degrees of an eternal winter. Water is present on the planet as well. Since most of Kokytus is frozen, the water underneath is either clean or holds pollutants (from the partial Genocide Maiz wrought upon them. This remains a current problem as the planet has underwent a bit of a climate crisis because of her; there is slightly less ice and the mountains are melting slowly . . . .)**

**Water filtration systems were built. A.M. (After Maiz) Kokytans fell ill and got sick because of the water. The Kokytans that came after developed robust immune systems as a result of this.

A decade after she asserted herself as the High Queen of Kokytus, a rogue Kokytan buckled under the weight of her tyranny and broke through the carefully crafted hive mind to try to kill her. The would-be murder weapon was similar to a polearm. The attempt backfired spectacularly, even though she was caught off guard by the 'outburst'. After the individual was subdued, she had them cooked. She never ate a Kokytan again (or drank their blood) after that incident-- "they taste disgusting. How disappointing."

*Their ki allows them to supercharge their feelings and thoughts. Since the Earthly definition of emotions are "the physical way feelings are expressed", it would be entirely accurate to say their ki technique is essentially that-- applied feelings/emotions weaponized as telepathy. They can use that ability to 'read' thoughts but that's a misnomer; what they're really doing is reading ki signature. If there's an intent or feeling behind it, best believe a Kokytan can and will pick it up.

#Ship Dynamics: You're Lucky to Have Me #Die For Me. Live For Me. Your Life Is Mine. (The Council of Twelve)

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roadandruingame · 4 months

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RaR Musings #6: Specialists

I was playing Baldur's Gate 3, as a rogue. I dabble in rogues in DND, PF, and mmos, and they range from satisfyingly versatile to being boringly one-dimensional. DND's structure for sneak attacks is one of the few things I'm really impressed with though, because despite all characters being able to receive Advantage for attacking from stealth, flanking an outnumbered opponent, or hitting an incapacitated enemy, only rogues transform that mechanic into bonus Sneak Attack damage, and before it was patched out (for shame), the Arcane Trickster could inflict bonus sneak attack damage on spell attacks. In BG3, multiple magic items could grant advantage in different scenarios, which the rogue could use as a "magic wand of Backstab".

That kind of semi-detached crossclassing bait was a lot of what I wanted in Road and Ruin, and over the years, I developed a few abilities that either granted, or demanded, specialization to work, but it never really got to where I wanted it to be.

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'Specialists' in Road and Ruin are a necessity for a storytelling game; whether they're controlled by a player or brought in as NPC help, they represent broad spectrums of skill and knowledge that might be unreasonable for the player party to be assumed to have. The existence of specialists should lean storytelling in the direction of seeking them out, to get their insights, or pay for their services.

The simplest way to determine a specialist is specialization as a mechanic. As mentioned in Musings #5, specialization works as a x(2-5) multiplier for proficiencies when applied to a specific, niche topic. Specialization in horses might give Husbandry, Medicine, Binding, Command, or Ride multipliers, for example.

Secondarily, Disciplines act as specializations that are required. Crafts (Blacksmithing) or Research (Town History) are skills that require training; nobody is born knowing history, and nobody should be expected to accidentally replicate hundreds of years of advancements in crafting techniques. While an adventurer might pick up some basics in armor repair, they should in no way expect to be able to craft armor themselves without the associated discipline.

While specialization could extend to equipment, all it would be is simply being proficient in a device, I think, and preventing full control unless specialized, possibly incurring a breakage risk if someone isn't trained. Airplanes, for example, or other heavy machinery. An exception to this is combat:

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A fighter can specialize in both skill with a weapon, as well as fighting against particular weapon styles. I'd thought specialization might only apply in duelling, where both fighters roll a skill check and add their successes to the results of a d4/d8/d12 To Hit die, and that, turn by turn, the higher-skilled of the two would naturally gain an edge, but that ends up being too slow. Paired with the initiative changes from Musings #3, where fighters act each round simultaneously, and that health totals are so low in order to facilitate more lethal combat, and this blow-by-blow calculation ends up not feeling very good.

A simple solution would be to adopt DND's Advantage, and have specialization in a weapon allow you to roll one additional die per specialization level, and take the higher value. Since weapons only miss on a roll of a 1, and deal half damage or full damage otherwise, specialization effectively eliminates the risk of missing with a weapon. In the case of ranged weapons, like a bow or rifle, that use a kind of exploding-dice system of d4s, specialization would simply allow rerolls of a non-4 result, greatly increasing their accuracy, and thus, damage.

Specialization at fighting against a style could mean Taking the Edge, also mentioned in Musings #3. If you know your opponent, you'd be able to anticipate their moves much better, adding to their Preemptive/Presumptive speed.

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Beyond this, tool specialization effectively manifests as spellswords.

Squad Tactics can declare a Specialist unit type, who generates Tactic Points for use by other unit tactics. This lets multiple actors set up strategies like dominos, and if applying a specialization sets up more dominos, it results in greater conclusion power/success rating.

Celestial Trajectories, Martial Weaponry, and Fortress Guard all have customizable weapons, that specializing in would be a plus, but not a mechanically unique application. Instead, 'favoring' a specific weapon, not specializing in a weapon type, determines your attunement to the customizable weapon.

Mutations grant you specialization sometimes, such as darkvision, or telescopic vision granting advantages for Perception checks. Shapeshifters are able to grant themselves a variety of senses, and animal companions give you a second chance to detect things, if they're trained for that and have the senses, whereas sense-sharing would allow you to temporarily don a sense as a mutation.

Concealed Weaponry gives bonus damage and special effect application for rolling maximum on an attack roll against an unaware or distracted target, which would be made easier with stealth, but also with specialization in the weapon. It can also disguise said weapon, and has a special attack for a flurry with your specialized weapon.

Nimble Fingers' Maestro's Direction and Floral Flourish's Bud-bloom Brownies let you give commands to others, like conjured spirits, to do actions that you specialize in.

Cloaked in Shadow and Floral Flourish has material micromanagement, using mats like shadows and plants to grant specialization in a skill check.

So, after all this, I feel like I DO have some decent options for specialists, but as always, it depends what the specialist aims to achieve. Simply specializing in something doesn't have any kind of diverse spectrum of outcomes, so it'd have to be designed on an individual basis, but what I've got already is probably a good start.

#road and ruin #indie ttrpg #ttrpg #ttrpg design #specialization

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c-chickens · 2 years

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((Spoilers for the Shibuya Arc of JJK))

With the Culling Games pushing onward and the dubious nature of Nobara's condition still in the air, I think it would be fun to explore a potential route the story could go if she is alive.

Before getting into things let's first remember that the last we saw of Nobara, she was treated by Arata Nitta from Kyoto High and then taken back with him (supposedly, anyway). It's likely that with her condition the way it is now as well as her relationship with Gojo and Itadori, she won't be leaving the sight of the higher ups and will likely stay within Jujutsu Tech.

The basis for everything that follows is based specifically on this fact, and would require that two other factors become established along with it:

Nobara would first and foremost have to be conscious. Given her state now it's unlikely that she will suddenly pop up in the current arc, however, it could be made to work at some point.

The higher-ups would have to find out that Itadori is still alive. The higher-ups aren't stupid, so it wouldn't be a shock if they learned that Yuuta had tricked them.

At this point, it should be clear where I'm heading with this: the higher-ups could use Nobara as a way of killing Itadori by forcing her into a binding vow. They likely know that the two are close and on top of that her technique could absolutely crush Itadori given the right circumstances.

Getting Yuuta into a binding vow was one thing, he was actively working against them and had already known what was going to happen. But getting Nobara into a binding vow to kill Itadori is a whole different story.

She has strong connections to Itadori, and they trust each other

She, to our knowledge, is not fully aware of what happened at Shibuya in regards to Sukuna's massacre

She is severely injured and likely cannot fight back in the state that she is currently

These facts, specifically the last two make her a perfect candidate for being manipulated and/or subsequently forced into a binding vow in the eyes of the higher-ups, especially bc her relationship with Itadori would make it easier for him to lower his guard.

This way of reintroducing Nobara into the story would not only be more organic and plausible (at least to me lol) but would allow her some character growth as well. The manipulation and pain she would have to experience as a result of the higher-ups could make her finally understand the reality that female jujutsu sorcerers have to share and the standard they have to uphold (as said by Momo). This could also be a way to explore who these higher-ups are and how their system functions as we can only speculate at this point in time.

Either way, whether she is alive or not or how she's brought back, I would just like to see her acknowledged. She has so much potential and I would love to see Gege tap into it further!

#jjk spoilers #jjk manga spoilers #jjk manga #jujutsu kaisen #jjk #even if this is wrong the fact that gege has ppl constantly theorizing abt shit is a testament to his writing me thinks #might be forgetting some things but frankly idc i think this could be interesting

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misscaptainbear · 1 year

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A while back I wrote a blog on how I'd make a soulslike using retro hardware, I'm gonna repost it here :D

Yeah, so the twitter post where I first explained my idea was my most liked/shared post by like a factor of ten. Since there was so much interest, I figured I might as well make a mockup in Unity. Look what you made me do.

Here’s a link to the build, and the controls are detailed on that page too. For the full effect, I’d also recommend using JoyToKey or a similar program to convert controller inputs to key presses, because I was too lazy to implement key rebinding for a mockup. See the itch.io page for suggested bindings.

Also, if you (yes, you!) want to continue this work, the zip file for the build also contains inspiration art, models, game data, and source code. It’s low polish code and almost nothing is systemic, but maybe it’s a springboard for someone who wants to push this project farther. I’d love to see it. The work that I have the rights to (i.e. everything except the inspirational art) is hereby released in the public domain.

Findings

Animation

The first and most noteworthy thing I’ve discovered while implementing is that there were more animations than I anticipated. Like, I figured there’d be a lot, and there were more than that. As of right now, there are 532 player sprites, each at 100x100 pixels, giving us roughly 6.4 mb of sprite data. (assuming indexed image format and smartly cropping fully alpha 8x8 blocks)

Bruh

One of the things we could to further shrink these is to run-length compress them, and also reuse tiles. I considered writing a python script to go over all 8x8 tiles within all sprites, and saving them in a massive lookup table. Then, it would go through all sprites again, replacing the tiles in the sprite with any similar tiles. This would mean, say, the thigh tile from one animation might be the cloak in a different frame if the pixel colors and shapes were sufficiently similar. However, I decided not to because it doesn’t actually have any savings on modern hardware, only on tile based renderers.

I could have also hand deleted specific entire frames of animations and reused similar enough ones - just by eye - but I also wanted to include all of the animations in the data that I distributed, just for the sake of it all being there for anyone who might need it, for whatever reason. I think these techniques might get the total data down to 50-60%, but that still means a ton of data just for the main characters sprites.

I could also cut the animations in half by simply making the character designs so that the left-facing animations can be reused for the right-facing animations, but I felt that put a lot of constraints on enemy design and combat readability, so I didn’t pursue that either.

Turns out tons of animation variants work better on skinned 3D models (which is why I’m pitching my next souls game on the Nintendo 64. Hit me up Bandai Namco!) I chose to do one player model with no costume changes and just a boring sword. Any variants like clothing, weapons, or equipping a shield would have completely blown the animation data budget.

Framerate

You’ll also notice the game runs by default at a low framerate, 15 frames per second (The quality can be changed with the - and + keys during runtime if it causes discomfort). I did this for two reasons. One, it made the animations, which run at a consistent 10 frames per second, feel much more in line with the sprite movement and the camera rotation. Plus, it might accurately simulate the game running on actual hardware; making the game run a quarter at SNES framerate might be required for the “high-fidelity graphics” on show here. (Who knows if the hardware would actually allow that without awful artifacts though, ha). But throttling framerate is a tried and true tactic for better visuals.

Environment

Another thing that surprised me is the amount of reuse on environment assets I was able to get. I was ready to put together a bunch of textures for the walls and floors, but I finished up what I wanted to achieve and found I’d only used 20 64x64 textures. I think the real game would benefit by focusing on unique tilesets to give each zone or level a special feel, and I think that’d be within the budget of a real game.

Environment took about 20 textures total

I also quickly abandoned the differing-heights-of-walls idea I talked about in the first blogpost. The requirements of the way walls are rendered described in the post made certain arrangements of walls impossible, and those were kind of the only level designs I wanted to use. That’s confusing, here’s some drawings to explain what I mean. Basically, having shorter walls in front making a visually tiered level with hedges that obscure the walls behind them just isn’t possible using that technique.

The rendering technique causes gaps where there would be walls behind walls.

While we’re on the topic of environment, I guess I skipped over the way we’d have to z-sort sprites to allow walls to layer correctly over them, and for sprites to draw back to front. That’d be a performance issue too probably.

Palette and Rendering

One of the big wins I had was the palette I set up, I felt it was super moody and conveyed the tone I was going for. It felt muddy and sad and tired. It had pops of blues and greens, but even then they muted and melancholy. To achieve this look, there were three mechanisms here. First, all the sprites and environment textures were palletized to those colors. Then, in-game, I used a fog effect to fade the world to black. Finally, a post processing shader took any pixels outside the gamut and palletized the final game render, so every pixel displayed is within that palette.

The palletization is most noticeable in gradients, where it slightly changes the tone of colors. In a cool retro way, I think.

To create the sprites, I was kind of forced to do it by rendering 3d models (blender files included in the data!). This was due to time and money. As mentioned previously, I would have loved to dress up in costumes and downscale, pixelate, and rotoscope real pictures, but that costs stuff. Also, I’m sure hand-pixelled sprites would absolutely look more appealing, but like I said above, there were just so many animation sprites. The upside to hand authoring is you can have more control of implied movement during animation, and therefore probably fewer frames. All said, I don’t dislike the rendered results, it has a bit of a Diablo 2 look to it, but I wish I had been able to experiment with different techniques, mostly for fun.

I remember loving to see these render breakdowns in gaming magazines and websites back in the day

I think if I had lower-resolution-better-looking sprites, fewer animations using the techniques described above, and designing levels so as to not have to z-sort sprites, it just might be able to run on SNES. Just maybe. A commenter mentioned it might actually run on GBA, and I could see it being possible. Shoutout to the most impressive 3D gba game ever.

One final design note I liked: The ducking mechanic was inspired by Super Mario World. I felt that was a nice homage, and there wasn’t enough buttons for more soulslike interactions like parrying, so it felt like it was a good choice with some mechanical depth with the limited inputs I had available. And, this game being simpler is alright by me - we are theoretically in the realm of before King’s Field.

Summary

So there it is. I said I didn’t have time to implement it, and I did anyway. This is all your fault.

But for real, I really enjoyed tinkering with this, and I’d love to see anything that gets made out of this idea. Hoped you enjoyed reading this!

#soulslike #soulsborn #dark souls #retro games #retro inspired #snes #gamedev #indie dev #game design

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govindhtech · 14 days

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Beyond the Bits: The Power of Hyperdimensional Computing

Hyperdimensional Computing The high-dimensional and distributed information representation found in the brain serves as the model for Hyperdimensional Computing (HDC), a machine learning technique. Hypervectors serve as the foundation for HDC, which, like other AI techniques, is implemented through training and inference stages.

HDC Hypervectors: Instruction and Interpretation Hypervectors, which are enormous vectors, are how Hyperdimensional Computing represents data. Hypervectors can be examined for similarities and differences using the fundamental Hyperdimensional Computing operations (similarity, bundling, binding, and permutation), and an encoding system can be created.

Training: In training, input feature vectors are transformed into hypervectors, which are compared and grouped into classes according to how similar they are or are not to each other. Ultimately, a class hypervector that represents every class element is created by bundling the hypervectors within each class. An HDC-based classification system can be developed thanks to this class hypervector.

Inference: Each new feature vector is similarly converted to a hypervector once training has succeeded in creating class hypervectors from a series of input feature vectors. This allows for a quick, effective, and reliable classification system to be established by comparing the new hypervector to the pre-existing class hypervectors and determining whether the data is similar.

The inherent advantages of a classification system based on HDC are as follows: Efficiency: Compared to conventional techniques, hypervectors provide the efficient and compact representation of complicated patterns, improving processing and classification jobs’ efficiency.

Minimal Power: Hyperdimensional Computing can be implemented in hardware with minimal power consumption because of its simplicity and the binary nature of its operations (XOR, AND, etc.). This is especially helpful for edge computing applications, wearable technology, and Internet of Things devices where energy efficiency is critical.

Extremely Parallel: Hyperdimensional Computing‘s distributed architecture permits parallel processing, which is comparable to the brain’s capacity for parallel processing. For classification problems, this can greatly reduce computing times.

Quick Learning: Unlike deep learning models, which frequently need a large amount of training data, Hyperdimensional Computing may do one-shot or few-shot learning, in which the system learns from a relatively small number of samples. Because of this feature, HDC is very beneficial in situations when data is limited or changing quickly.

Robust and Reliable: Due to its great dimensionality, Hyperdimensional Computing is intrinsically resistant to mistakes and noise. Reliable categorization is possible even in noisy situations because little adjustments or distortions in the input data do not dramatically alter the overall representation. Furthermore, the manipulation of hypervectors involves a large number of simple, repetitive operations, which makes them very suitable to hardware platform acceleration.

The efficient, low-power, highly parallel, and hardware-implementable nature of Hyperdimensional Computing applications makes them perfect for running on Altera FPGAs, which are also extremely parallel and efficient.

Utilising Altera FPGAs and oneAPI Intel oneAPI Base ToolKit simplifies cross-architecture, high-performance application development. The Intel oneAPI Base Toolkit implements the industry standard and works with FPGAs, CPUs, GPUs, and AI accelerators.

The development process is made simpler by oneAPI, which is one of its primary advantages. Developers don’t need to learn multiple programming languages to construct SYCL/C++ apps that operate on diverse architectures when they use oneAPI. This saves a tonne of time and effort for developers because they can write code only once and have it operate on multiple processors. They can also create software applications and deploy them on the most economical and efficient platform without having to modify the code.

With Intel oneAPI Base Toolkit, Hyperdimensional Computing applications written in SYCL/C++ can be immediately implemented into Altera FPGAs.

To get started with oneAPI for FPGAs, see Boosting Productivity with High-Level Synthesis in Intel Quartus with oneAPI for information on tutorial examples, self-start learning videos, and reference designs.

Hyperdimensional Computing Picture Categorization using Altera FPGAs Image classification is one scenario where HDC is applied in a practical setting. An HDC image classification system was implemented on an Altera FPGA for training and inference in this example, which was developed by Ian Peitzsch at the Centre for Space, High-Performance, and Resilient Computing (SHREC).

While the data flow is similar in both scenarios, the computations differ. Streaming feature vectors are sent to the FPGA from the host. Every vector is directed to one of eight compute units in the training flow and one of twenty-five compute units in the inference flow.

Training: The FPGA receives a stream of feature vectors from the host. The parallel encode compute units (CUs) receive each vector. Following the bundling of the output-encoded partial hypervectors, a label is produced. The class associated with the label receives the bundle of hypervectors. Following the processing of all the training data, the class hypervectors are streamed to the host in order to be normalised. Inference: The FPGA receives a stream of feature vectors from the host. Every vector is sent to CUs that are parallel encoded. To create a single hypervector, the data is routed to the classification kernel. Every class hypervector is compared to this one, and the prediction belongs to the class that has the greatest resemblance. After then, the host receives a stream of the prediction.

HDC classification algorithms are a perfect fit for Altera FPGAs due to intrinsic properties of both oneAPI and FPGAs, in addition to the fact that Hyperdimensional Computing applications are often quite accessible to hardware implementation.

The SYCL language’s Universal Shared Memory (USM) feature is supported by oneAPI. In the code-based and final hardware, SYCL USM uniquely permits the host and accelerator to share the same memory, unlike C or C++ alternatives. This lowers system latency to enhance overall performance and permits the simple, industry-standard coding technique of using a pointer to explicitly access data, whether on the host or the accelerator. The bottleneck is at the encoding step. The parallel nature of a programmable FPGA enables the usage of many compute units in parallel because each dimension of a hypervector can be encoded independently. When utilising several compute units, the inference time is greatly decreased by this parallel processing. During training and inference, parallel processing was employed in the encoding stage, and Altera FPGA’s USM feature guaranteed a low latency solution.

At AI Inference, Altera FPGAs Perform Well This Hyperdimensional Computing image classification algorithm was built on CPU, GPU, and FPGA resources in a real-world evaluation1.

Cascade Lake-based Intel Xeon Platinum 8256 CPU (3.8GHz, 4 Cores). The eleventh generation Intel UHD 630 GPU. FPGA Intel Stratix 10 GX. An Hyperdimensional Computing classification model with 2000 hyperdimensions of 32-bit floating-point values was utilised in all implementations. All three implementations obtained similar accuracy of about 94-95% using the NeuralHD retraining algorithm.

The outcomes highlight the advantages of utilising an FPGA during the inference phase. The total amount of time spent training the model is the important metric. Latency is the key performance indicator during inference.

Through training, the FPGA provided an x18 speed-up and the Intel GPU reached a 60x speed-up over the CPU. On the other hand, the accuracy of the CPU and FPGA implementations was about 97%, whereas the GPU implementation only managed to reach about 94% accuracy.

Due to memory constraints in this training scenario, the FPGA could only employ 8 CU in parallel during encoding. More parallel CUs and a quicker FPGA training period might be possible with a bigger FPGA. The evaluation was carried out using fixed resources on Intel DevCloud, and a larger FPGA was not accessible.

Benefits of FPGA AI Latency With a 3× speed increase over the CPU, the FPGA exhibits the lowest latency during the inference stage. It is demonstrated that the GPU is overkill for inference, requiring significantly more time than the FPGA or even the CPU (demonstrating a slow-down rather than an acceleration).

These findings demonstrate the advantages of utilising an FPGA for AI inference once more. Altera FPGAs are the best option for quick and effective AI inference in data centre and edge applications because they combine the advantages of performance and generally lower costs with license-free oneAPI development tools. Any AI algorithm is trained/developed once and then implemented for inference on a mass scale.

Read more on Govindhtech.com

#intel #oneapi #fpga #hdc #ai #cpu #gpu #technology #technews #news #govindhtech

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101bestfoods · 19 days

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#burger #popular #veggie

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health-productever · 19 days

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A Lifesaver for Any Adventure: My Experience with the Lost Frontier Handbook (Printed Book)

For years, I've craved the thrill of exploration. Whether it's a weekend camping trip or a longer hike deep into uncharted territory, the call of the wilderness has always been strong. But that yearning came with a healthy dose of trepidation. What if I got lost? What if I couldn't find clean water or build a fire?

Enter the Lost Frontier Handbook (Printed Book). This unassuming tome has become my most prized possession on any outdoor adventure.

A Wealth of Practical Knowledge:

The first thing that struck me about the Lost Frontier Handbook was its sheer comprehensiveness. It covers a vast array of survival skills, from the fundamental (like building a shelter) to the more advanced (like identifying edible plants). The book is well-organized, with clear headings and concise instructions. Each topic is explained in a way that's easy to understand, even for someone with no prior experience.

For example, the section on firecraft goes beyond the simple act of rubbing two sticks together. It delves into different tinder materials, fire-starting techniques for various weather conditions, and even fire safety practices. This depth of knowledge is what truly sets the Lost Frontier Handbook apart.

Beyond Survival: A Guide for Self-Sufficiency

The book's value extends far beyond simple survival skills. It delves into techniques for self-sufficiency, teaching you how to live comfortably with minimal resources. From food preservation methods like canning and drying to basic animal tracking and wilderness navigation, the Lost Frontier Handbook empowers you to be resourceful and adaptable in any environment.

One particularly helpful section details the construction of simple tools using readily available materials. I learned how to fashion a makeshift fishing rod from a branch and string, a skill that proved invaluable on a recent camping trip when the fish weren't cooperating with store-bought lures.

A Well-Crafted Companion

The physical quality of the Lost Frontier Handbook is another reason I love it. The book is printed on thick, water-resistant paper, making it ideal for withstanding the elements. The binding is secure and flexible, allowing the book to lay flat for easy reference, even in cramped conditions.

The size is also perfect for carrying in a backpack without adding excessive weight. It's clear that the creators put a lot of thought into making this a practical and durable companion for any outdoor enthusiast.

Empowering Exploration, One Page at a Time

The Lost Frontier Handbook isn't just a collection of survival tips; it's a wellspring of confidence. By equipping me with the knowledge and skills to navigate the outdoors, it's allowed me to explore further and with greater peace of mind. Whether you're a seasoned adventurer or a curious beginner, the Lost Frontier Handbook is an invaluable resource that will empower you to embrace the wilderness with knowledge and confidence.

So, if you're looking to push your boundaries and experience the magic of the natural world, I wholeheartedly recommend adding the Lost Frontier Handbook to your gear list. It's a wise investment that could make all the difference on your next adventure

#health #survival #remedies

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mhpayurveda · 25 days

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The Vital Role of Gas ki Dawa: Understanding Gas Relief Medications

Gas ki dawa, or gas relief medications, play a crucial role in alleviating discomfort caused by gas-related issues in the digestive system. While often overlooked, these medications offer relief from symptoms such as bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort, allowing individuals to maintain their daily activities without interruption. In this article, we delve into the various types of gas relief medications, their mechanisms of action, and how they can effectively manage gastrointestinal discomfort.

Gas-related problems are common occurrences for many individuals, stemming from various factors such as dietary habits, digestive disorders, or lifestyle choices. The buildup of gas in the digestive tract can lead to uncomfortable symptoms that disrupt daily life. Gas ki dawa comes in various forms, including tablets, capsules, chewable tablets, and liquid formulations, each designed to provide relief from gas-related symptoms quickly and efficiently.

One of the most commonly used gas relief medications is simethicone. Simethicone works by breaking down gas bubbles in the digestive system, allowing them to be easily expelled through belching or flatulence. This medication is particularly effective in relieving bloating and discomfort associated with excess gas. It is available over the counter and is generally well-tolerated with few side effects.

Another type of gas ki dawa is activated charcoal. Activated charcoal works by binding to gas molecules in the digestive tract, reducing their volume and providing relief from bloating and discomfort. While activated charcoal can be effective, it is important to use it under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as it can interfere with the absorption of medications and nutrients in the digestive system.

For individuals with chronic gas-related issues or underlying digestive disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or lactose intolerance, there are specialized gas relief medications available. These medications often contain a combination of ingredients aimed at addressing the specific causes of gas production or improving digestion. They may include enzymes to aid in the breakdown of carbohydrates or lactase to assist with lactose digestion, providing targeted relief for individuals with specific dietary intolerances.

In addition to over-the-counter gas relief medications, there are also natural remedies and lifestyle modifications that can help alleviate gas-related symptoms. These may include dietary changes, such as avoiding gas-producing foods like beans, broccoli, and cabbage, as well as incorporating probiotics into one's diet to promote healthy digestion. Regular exercise and stress management techniques can also help reduce symptoms of gas and bloating.

It is important to note that while gas relief medications can provide temporary relief from symptoms, they do not address the underlying causes of gas production. Therefore, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional if you experience persistent or severe gas-related symptoms. Your doctor can help identify any underlying digestive issues and develop a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to your individual needs.

In conclusion, gas ki dawa plays a vital role in providing relief from gas-related symptoms and improving the overall quality of life for individuals affected by digestive discomfort. Whether it's a mild case of bloating or chronic gas-related issues, there are various gas relief medications available to suit different needs and preferences. By understanding the mechanisms of action and proper usage of these medications, individuals can effectively manage gas-related symptoms and enjoy a healthier, more comfortable digestive system.

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techrishlinkbuilding · 1 month

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How to Ski in Powder Like a Pro: 4 Easy Steps - White Grizzly

Powder skiing, with its exhilarating feeling of floating on clouds, is a dream for many skiers. However, mastering the art of skiing in deep snow requires technique, skill, and practice. In this guide, we'll explore four easy steps to help you ski in powder like a pro.

Step 1: Equipment Preparation Before hitting the slopes, ensure you have the right equipment for skiing in deep snow. Opt for wider skis with a rocker design to provide better flotation and maneuverability in powder. Additionally, adjust your bindings to a slightly lower tension to allow for easier release in case of falls. Don't forget to wear waterproof clothing and goggles to stay dry and maintain visibility.

Step 2: Body Positioning Proper body positioning is crucial for skiing in powder. Keep your weight centered and balanced over your skis, with a slight forward lean to initiate turns smoothly. Bend your knees and ankles to absorb the terrain's irregularities and maintain stability. Avoid leaning back, as this can cause your skis to sink into the snow, making it harder to turn.

Step 3: Technique Adjustments In powder skiing, adapt your technique to accommodate the softer, deeper snow. Focus on making wider, more gradual turns to maintain control and prevent catching an edge. Use your legs to generate momentum and steer your skis through the snow, rather than relying solely on your upper body. Keep your movements fluid and relaxed to flow with the terrain.

Step 4: Practice and Persistence Like any skill, mastering powder skiing takes practice and persistence. Start on gentle slopes with deep snow to build confidence and refine your technique. Experiment with different turn shapes and speeds to find what works best for you. Don't be discouraged by falls or setbacks – each experience is an opportunity to learn and improve.

By following these four easy steps and dedicating time to practice, you'll soon be skiing in powder like a pro. Remember to always prioritize safety and respect the mountain environment while enjoying this exhilarating winter sport.

About White Grizzly:

White Grizzly is renowned for providing unparalleled cat-skiing experiences since 1998. Nestled in the pristine backcountry of Nelson, BC, our team is dedicated to upholding the highest standards of safety and guest satisfaction. Join us for an unforgettable adventure and discover the thrill of skiing in deep powder with White Grizzly.

#best cat skiing bc #cat skiing #cat skiing fernie #cat skiing revelstoke #golden cat skiing #powder mountain cat skiing #powder skiing bc #revelstoke cat skiing #selkirk cat skiing #tree skiing

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aniksarker · 2 months

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Extra Hold Hair Gel

The Ultimate Guide to Extra Hold Hair Gel: Taming Your Locks with Style

In the realm of men's grooming, few products have stood the test of time quite like hair gel. From the classic slicked-back look to the modern textured styles, hair gel has been a staple in hairstyling routines for decades. Among the various types available, extra hold hair gel emerges as a reliable choice for those seeking maximum control and longevity in their hairstyle.

Understanding Extra Hold Hair Gel

Extra hold hair gel is formulated to provide strong hold and long-lasting control over your hair. Unlike lighter gels or styling creams, extra hold gel offers superior staying power, keeping your hair in place throughout the day, even in challenging weather conditions.

How Does Extra Hold Hair Gel Work?

The primary function of hair gel is to coat the hair strands, providing structure and control. Extra hold gels contain higher concentrations of polymers and other binding agents compared to standard or light hold gels. These ingredients create a strong bond with the hair, ensuring it stays in the desired style for extended periods.

Benefits of Extra Hold Hair Gel

Strong Hold: As the name suggests, extra hold hair gel delivers a firm grip on your hair, keeping it styled the way you want it for hours on end.

Versatility: Despite its strong hold, extra hold gel remains versatile, allowing you to create a variety of styles, from sleek and polished to rugged and textured.

Resistance to Humidity: One of the key advantages of extra hold gel is its ability to withstand humidity and other environmental factors that can cause frizz or unruliness in your hair.

Volume and Thickness: Many extra hold gels provide added volume and thickness to the hair, making it ideal for individuals with fine or thinning hair who want to achieve a fuller look.

Longevity: Extra hold gels typically offer superior longevity compared to lighter alternatives, meaning you won't have to constantly reapply throughout the day.

How to Use Extra Hold Hair Gel

Achieving the perfect hairstyle with extra hold gel requires more than just slathering it on. Here's a step-by-step guide to mastering the art of styling with extra hold gel:

Start with Clean, Damp Hair: For best results, begin with freshly washed and towel-dried hair. The dampness helps the gel distribute evenly and ensures better hold.

Apply the Gel: Dispense a small amount of extra hold gel onto your fingertips, then evenly distribute it through your hair, starting from the roots and working your way to the tips. Be sure to coat each strand thoroughly.

Style as Desired: Use a comb, brush, or your fingers to style your hair according to your preference. Extra hold gel allows for flexibility in styling, so feel free to experiment with different looks.

Set the Style: Once you've achieved your desired look, allow the gel to dry naturally or use a blow dryer on a low heat setting to speed up the process. Avoid touching your hair excessively while it dries to prevent frizz.

Finish with Hairspray (Optional): For added hold and longevity, consider finishing your hairstyle with a light mist of hairspray. This helps lock the style in place and provides extra protection against humidity.

Tips for Using Extra Hold Hair Gel Effectively

Less Is More: Start with a small amount of gel and gradually add more as needed. Using too much can weigh your hair down and make it look greasy.

Avoid Overloading: Concentrate the gel mainly on the roots and mid-lengths of your hair, as applying too much product to the ends can make them appear crunchy or stiff.

Experiment with Techniques: Try different styling techniques, such as finger-combing for a messy look or using a comb for a sleek finish, to discover what works best for your hair type and desired style.

Choose the Right Gel for Your Hair Type: Not all extra hold gels are created equal. Look for products specifically formulated for your hair type (e.g., thick, curly, fine) to achieve optimal results.

Don't Overdo It: While extra hold gel provides excellent control, it's essential to strike a balance between hold and flexibility. Avoid making your hair so stiff that it loses its natural movement.

The Best Extra Hold Hair Gels on the Market

With countless options available, selecting the right extra hold gel can be overwhelming. Here are some top picks favored by hairstyling enthusiasts:

American Crew Firm Hold Styling Gel: Known for its strong hold and alcohol-free formula, this gel provides maximum control without flaking or drying out the hair.

L'Oréal Paris Studio Line Mega Gel: Ideal for thick or unruly hair, this gel delivers an ultra-strong hold that lasts all day, even in high humidity.

Garnier Fructis Style Pure Clean Styling Gel: Formulated with natural ingredients like acacia gum, this gel offers a clean, non-greasy hold that won't weigh your hair down.

TRESemmé TRES Two Extra Hold Hair Gel: Designed to resist humidity and frizz, this gel keeps your style in place without stiffness or stickiness.

Axe Signature Clean Cut Look Classic Pomade: While technically a pomade, this versatile product provides a strong hold and high shine, making it an excellent alternative to traditional hair gel.

Conclusion

Extra hold hair gel is a powerful tool in your grooming arsenal, offering unmatched control and longevity for your hairstyles. Whether you prefer a sleek, polished look or a tousled, textured finish, extra hold gel provides the foundation you need to achieve your desired style with confidence. By choosing the right gel for your hair type and mastering the art of application, you can unleash your creativity and express your unique sense of style every day.

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worldofikat · 3 months

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Unlocking Style: Embrace Elegance with Ikat Dresses and Kurtas

Introduction

In the world of fashion, certain textiles stand out for their unique charm and cultural significance. One such fabric is ikat, renowned for its intricate patterns and vibrant colors. Ikat dresses and kurtas, in particular, have gained widespread popularity for their timeless elegance and versatility. Let's delve into the fascinating world of ikat fashion, exploring its history, artistry, styling tips, and more.

Understanding Ikat

Ikat is a dyeing technique that involves resist dyeing yarns before they are woven into fabric, creating intricate patterns and designs. This ancient technique is practiced in various cultures around the world, including India, Indonesia, Japan, and Central Asia. The word "ikat" itself is derived from the Indonesian word "mengikat," which means to tie or bind.

The process of creating ikat patterns is labor-intensive and requires meticulous attention to detail. Artisans tie or bind sections of yarn with resist material, such as wax or thread, before dyeing them. The tied sections resist the dye, resulting in distinct patterns when the yarns are woven together. This process can be repeated multiple times with different colors to create intricate designs.

What sets ikat apart from other textiles is its blurred edges and slightly imperfect patterns, giving it a unique handmade charm. Each piece of ikat fabric tells a story of craftsmanship and tradition, making it a cherished textile in the world of fashion and beyond.

The Artistry of Ikat Dresses

Ikat dresses are celebrated for their striking patterns and effortless elegance. Whether it's a flowing maxi dress or a fitted sheath, ikat dresses come in a variety of styles to suit every taste and occasion. From bold geometric motifs to delicate floral designs, the possibilities with ikat are endless.

One of the most fascinating aspects of ikat dresses is the cultural significance behind the patterns. In many cultures, ikat designs hold symbolic meaning, representing elements of nature, spirituality, or community. For example, in India, certain ikat motifs are associated with auspicious occasions such as weddings and festivals.

Styling an ikat dress is a creative endeavor, allowing individuals to express their personal style while honoring a rich tradition of craftsmanship. Pairing an ikat maxi dress with sandals and a straw hat creates a laid-back bohemian look, perfect for summer outings or beach vacations. For a more polished ensemble, a fitted ikat sheath dress can be accessorized with heels and statement jewelry for a night out on the town.

Styling Tips for Ikat Dresses

Choose accessories that complement the colors and patterns of the ikat dress.

Experiment with layering by adding a denim jacket or cardigan for a casual yet chic look.

Play with different silhouettes and lengths to find the perfect ikat dress for your body type.

Consider the occasion when styling your ikat dress, opting for more casual accessories for daytime events and dressier options for evening affairs.

Don't be afraid to mix and match patterns and textures for a fashion-forward look that reflects your individuality.

Exploring Ikat Kurta

The Ikat kurta is a timeless garment that seamlessly blends traditional craftsmanship with contemporary style. Originating from India, the kurta is a loose-fitting tunic-like garment that can be worn by both men and women. What sets ikat kurta apart is the intricate patterns and vibrant colors that adorn the fabric, adding a touch of elegance to any ensemble.

One of the defining characteristics of the ikat kurta is its versatility. Whether you're attending a casual gathering or a formal event, there's an ikat kurta style to suit every occasion. The possibilities for kurtas range from plain cotton ones for everyday use to beautifully embroidered silk ones for special occasions.

When it comes to styling an ikat kurta, the key is to let the garment take center stage. Pairing a vibrant ikat kurta with neutral bottoms allows the intricate patterns and bold colors to shine. For a casual daytime look, opt for a relaxed-fit ikat kurta paired with jeans or leggings and sandals. To dress up your ensemble for evening events, choose a more tailored ikat kurta in a luxurious silk or cotton silk blend, paired with trousers or a skirt and statement jewelry.

Ways to Style Ikat Kurta

Experiment with different lengths and cuts of ikat kurtas to find the perfect fit for your body type.

Accessorize your ikat kurta with traditional Indian jewelry such as jhumkas, bangles, and anklets for a festive touch.

For a modern twist, layer your ikat kurta over a plain t-shirt or blouse and pair it with denim or culottes.

Complete your look with a pair of ethnic footwear, such as juttis or mojaris, to add an authentic touch to your ensemble.

Where to Find Authentic Ikat Dresses and Kurtas

Finding authentic ikat dresses and kurtas can be a rewarding experience, as it allows you to support artisans and craftsmen who have dedicated their lives to preserving this ancient tradition. Here are some places where you can find authentic Ikat garments:

Specialty Boutiques: Many boutique stores specializing in ethnic and traditional wear offer a curated selection of ikat dresses and kurtas. These boutique stores often source their garments directly from artisans and cooperatives, ensuring authenticity and quality.

Online Platforms: E-commerce platforms such as Etsy, Amazon, and independent online stores are excellent resources for purchasing authentic ikat dresses and kurta. Look for sellers who provide detailed descriptions and photographs of their products, along with information about the artisans and communities behind the garments.

Craft Fairs and Exhibitions: Attend craft fairs, exhibitions, and cultural events in your area to discover a wide range of handcrafted ikat garments. These events often feature artisans and cooperatives showcasing their latest creations, giving you the opportunity to interact directly with the makers and learn more about the art of ikat weaving.

Artisan Cooperatives: Many artisan cooperatives and organizations work tirelessly to promote and preserve traditional crafts such as ikat weaving. By purchasing directly from these cooperatives, you can ensure that your investment goes directly to the artisans and their communities, supporting sustainable livelihoods and cultural heritage.

Caring for Your Ikat Garments

Proper care and maintenance are essential for preserving the beauty and longevity of your ikat dresses and kurtas. Follow these tips to ensure your precious garments remain vibrant and in pristine condition:

Hand Washing: It's best to hand wash ikat garments in cold water using a mild detergent. Avoid using harsh chemicals or bleach, as they can damage the delicate fibers and colors of the fabric. Gently swish the garment in the water, taking care not to wring or twist it excessively.

Avoid Direct Sunlight: Ikat fabrics are susceptible to fading when exposed to direct sunlight for prolonged periods. To prevent color fading, avoid hanging your ikat garments in direct sunlight when drying or storing them. Instead, dry them in the shade or indoors, away from sunlight.

Air Drying: After washing, gently squeeze out excess water from the garment and lay it flat on a clean towel to air dry. Avoid hanging ikat garments on clotheslines or hangers, as this can cause stretching and distortion of the fabric. Reshape the garment while it's still damp to maintain its original silhouette.

Storage: Store your ikat dresses and kurtas in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture. Use padded hangers or fold them neatly to prevent creasing and distortion of the fabric. Consider storing them in breathable garment bags to protect them from dust and insects.

Dry Cleaning: If your ikat garment has intricate embellishments or delicate fabrics, consider taking it to a professional dry cleaner experienced in handling delicate textiles. Be sure to inform the dry cleaner about the specific care requirements of ikat fabrics to ensure proper treatment.

Ironing: If necessary, iron your ikat garments on a low to medium heat setting while they are still slightly damp. Use a pressing cloth or iron the garment inside out to protect the delicate patterns and colors of the fabric. Avoid using steam, as it can cause the colors to bleed or fade.

Embracing Sustainable Fashion with Ikat

In recent years, there has been a growing awareness and appreciation for sustainable fashion practices, and ikat textiles have emerged as a frontrunner in the movement towards eco-friendly clothing. Here's how Ikat contributes to sustainable fashion and its environmental benefits:

Natural Materials: Ikat fabrics are typically made from natural fibers such as cotton, silk, or wool, which are biodegradable and renewable resources. Unlike synthetic fabrics made from petroleum-based materials, natural fibers have minimal environmental impact and decompose naturally over time.

Traditional Craftsmanship: The production of ikat textiles often involves traditional hand-weaving techniques passed down through generations. By supporting artisanal craftsmanship, consumers contribute to the preservation of cultural heritage and sustainable livelihoods in weaving communities.

Low Environmental Footprint: Compared to mass-produced textiles, the production process of ikat fabrics has a relatively low environmental footprint. Traditional dyeing methods use natural dyes derived from plant sources, reducing the use of harmful chemicals and pollutants.

Minimal Waste: The handcrafted nature of ikat weaving results in minimal waste during production. Artisans carefully plan and execute their designs, maximizing the use of yarns and minimizing leftover materials. Any scraps or offcuts generated during the weaving process can be repurposed or recycled.

Longevity and Timelessness: Ikat garments are renowned for their durability and timeless appeal. Unlike fast fashion trends that come and go, ikat textiles are cherished for their enduring beauty and quality craftsmanship, encouraging consumers to invest in pieces that stand the test of time.

Community Empowerment: By supporting fair trade practices and ethical sourcing, consumers can empower weaving communities and contribute to sustainable development initiatives. Fair wages, safe working conditions, and opportunities for skill development are essential components of a sustainable fashion supply chain.

Educational Opportunities: Promoting awareness and appreciation for traditional textile arts such as ikat weaving can inspire future generations to value sustainability and cultural diversity. Educational programs and initiatives aimed at preserving traditional crafts play a vital role in fostering a more sustainable fashion industry.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the allure of Ikat dresses and kurtas lies not only in their timeless elegance and vibrant patterns but also in their contribution to sustainable fashion practices and cultural heritage preservation. From the intricate artistry of ikat weaving to the versatility of styling options, these garments offer a unique blend of tradition and modernity.

As consumers, we have the power to make informed choices that support ethical and sustainable fashion practices. By investing in authentic ikat garments, we not only enrich our wardrobes with pieces that tell a story of craftsmanship and tradition but also contribute to the well-being of artisans and weaving communities around the world.

Let us continue to celebrate the beauty and cultural significance of ikat textiles, embracing them as symbols of style, sustainability, and global connectivity. Whether it's a vibrant ikat dress for a special occasion or a classic ikat kurta for everyday wear, let your fashion choices reflect your values and commitment to a more sustainable future.

As we journey through the world of fashion, may we always remember the rich tapestry of history and tradition that inspires us and guides our choices. Let ikat be more than just a fabric—it's a testament to the enduring beauty of human creativity and craftsmanship. So, let's unlock our style and embrace the elegance of ikat dresses and kurtas with pride and reverence.

#Ikat #Ikat kurta #ikkat dresses

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printbooks · 3 months

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Choosing the Perfect Binding Style for Your Book: A Comprehensive Guide

In the world of bookbinding services, selecting the right binding style for your book is crucial. It not only affects the aesthetic appeal but also influences the durability and functionality of the final product. With various binding options available, from traditional to modern techniques, finding the perfect fit can be overwhelming. However, by understanding your needs and considering key factors, you can make an informed decision that elevates your book to the next level.

Understanding Your Options

Before delving into the selection process, it's essential to familiarize yourself with the different binding styles available. Here are some common options:

Perfect Binding: Ideal for paperback books, magazines, and catalogs, perfect binding involves gluing the pages together at the spine. It provides a clean and professional appearance, suitable for larger print runs.

Saddle Stitching: Commonly used for booklets, brochures, and pamphlets, saddle stitching involves stapling the pages together along the fold line. It's a cost-effective option for shorter publications.

Spiral Binding: Also known as coil binding, this method involves inserting a plastic or metal coil through holes punched along the edge of the pages. It allows the book to lay flat and offers flexibility for easy page-turning.

Hardcover Binding: Offering durability and a high-end finish, hardcover binding involves securing the pages within a rigid cover. It's suitable for premium books, such as novels, textbooks, and coffee table books.

Wire-O Binding: Similar to spiral binding, Wire-O binding uses a double-loop wire instead of a coil. It provides a professional look and allows the book to lay flat, making it ideal for presentations and manuals.

Factors to Consider

When choosing the perfect binding style for your book, several factors come into play:

Book Type and Content: Consider the type of book you're producing and its content. For example, a novel may benefit from perfect binding for a sleek finish, while a cookbook might require spiral binding for easy lay-flat access to recipes.

Budget: Evaluate your budget and determine which binding style aligns with your financial constraints. Keep in mind that certain techniques, such as hardcover binding, may incur higher costs due to materials and labor involved.

Quantity and Print Run: The size of your print run can influence the choice of binding style. Some methods, like perfect binding, are more cost-effective for large quantities, while others, such as saddle stitching, may be better suited for smaller runs.

Durability and Longevity: Consider the durability requirements of your book. If it's intended for frequent use or long-term storage, opt for a binding style that offers superior strength and resilience, such as hardcover or Wire-O binding.

Aesthetic Preferences: Finally, take into account the visual appeal you wish to achieve. Each binding style imparts a distinct look and feel to the book, so choose one that complements your design aesthetic and enhances the overall presentation.

Conclusion

Choosing the perfect binding style for your book is a critical decision that can significantly impact its success. By understanding the available options and considering factors such as book type, budget, quantity, durability, and aesthetics, you can make an informed choice that meets your needs and exceeds your expectations. Whether you're publishing a novel, a manual, or a corporate brochure, selecting the right binding style sets the stage for a polished and professional final product.

Remember, the experts at our book binding services are here to guide you through the selection process and bring your vision to life. Contact us today to learn more about our comprehensive range of binding options and personalized solutions tailored to your unique requirements.

#book binding services

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uberstrainer · 3 months

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A Comprehensive Guide to Cell Depletion Techniques

This comprehensive guide explores various cell depletion techniques, with a focus on antibody-based methods like pluriSpin, highlighting their principles, applications, and advantages in biomedical research and clinical practice.

Cell depletion techniques play a crucial role in various fields of research and medicine, allowing scientists to selectively remove specific cell populations from heterogeneous samples. These techniques are instrumental in studying cell functions, identifying biomarkers, and developing targeted therapies. In this article, we will delve into different methods of cell depletion, with a focus on antibody-based approaches, including pluriSpin, and explore their applications and benefits.

Understanding Cell Depletion Techniques

Cell depletion involves the selective removal of certain cell populations from a sample while preserving others. This process is essential for isolating rare cell types, studying cell interactions, and removing unwanted contaminants. Several techniques are available for cell depletion, each offering unique advantages and applications.

Antibody-Based Cell Depletion

Antibody cell separation, also known as negative selection, utilizes specific antibodies to target and remove unwanted cells from a heterogeneous mixture. This approach relies on the binding affinity between antibodies and cell surface markers to selectively label and deplete specific cell populations.

Introducing pluriSpin: A Negative Cell Isolation Technology

PluriSpin is a negative cell isolation system designed to isolate untouched and highly purified cells directly from whole blood, buffy coat, or cord blood. Unlike traditional methods that require magnets or columns, pluriSpin offers a one-step process that minimizes the risk of cell activation or damage.

PluriSpin works by incubating the sample with pluriSpin immunodensity cell isolation reagent, followed by standard density gradient centrifugation. During centrifugation, pluriSpin binds to unwanted cells, causing them to pellet, while the untouched target cells remain at the interface between the plasma and density gradient medium. The purified cells can then be easily aspirated for downstream applications.

Key Features of pluriSpin

Fast and Easy: PluriSpin enables rapid cell isolation from whole blood, buffy coat, or cord blood using an optimized protocol with standard density gradient centrifugation.

No Special Equipment Required: PluriSpin does not require special instruments or magnets, making it accessible to researchers with basic laboratory equipment.

Highly Viable and Functional Cells: Cells isolated using pluriSpin are functional, compatible with flow cytometry, and free from antibody or magnetic bead labeling.

Applications of Antibody-Based Cell Depletion

Antibody-based cell depletion techniques, including pluriSpin, find numerous applications in research and clinical settings. These include:

Immunology: Studying immune cell subsets and immune responses.

Oncology: Removing tumor-infiltrating immune cells for tumor microenvironment analysis.

Stem Cell Research: Isolating specific stem cell populations for differentiation studies.

Transplantation: Depleting T cells for preventing graft rejection in transplantation.

Other Methods of Cell Depletion

While antibody-based cell depletion techniques like pluriSpin offer significant advantages, several other methods are commonly used for removing specific cell populations from heterogeneous samples. These include:

1. Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS): MACS utilizes magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with antibodies to selectively label and isolate target cells. The labeled cells are then separated using a magnetic field, allowing for efficient cell depletion or enrichment.

2. Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS): FACS relies on fluorescently labeled antibodies to identify and sort cells based on their surface markers. This technique offers high-speed and high-resolution cell sorting, making it ideal for isolating rare cell populations.

3. Density Gradient Centrifugation: Density gradient centrifugation separates cells based on their density, allowing for the isolation of specific cell populations at distinct layers within the gradient. This method is particularly useful for purifying cells from blood or tissue samples.

Conclusion

Cell depletion techniques, particularly antibody cell separation methods like pluriSpin, offer powerful tools for isolating specific cell populations with high purity and efficiency. These techniques have significantly impacted various fields of research and medicine, enabling precise investigations into cell functions, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions. With continuous advancements in technology, cell depletion techniques are poised to play an increasingly vital role in advancing scientific discovery and improving patient care. Through collaborative efforts and ongoing research, the future of cell depletion holds immense promise for unlocking the mysteries of biology and improving human health.

Also elevate your lab experiments with the best lab cell strainers. These top-rated strainers are the ultimate solution for achieving advanced particle separation techniques and enhancing cell enrichment in your research endeavors.

#book photography #black tumblr #crafts #sneakers #medical #uberstrainer #cellsepration #success #labware

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donalz · 4 months

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Exploring the Art and Craft of Book Binding with Cork

Book binding is an ancient art that has evolved over centuries, combining craftsmanship with creativity to produce beautiful and durable books. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in alternative and sustainable materials for book binding, and one such material gaining attention is cork. This article delves into the world of book binding with cork, exploring its unique qualities, book binding cork the process of using it in book binding, and the environmental benefits it offers.

The Unique Qualities of Cork:

Cork is a versatile material harvested from the bark of cork oak trees (Quercus suber). Native to the Mediterranean region, particularly in countries like Portugal and Spain, cork has long been used for various purposes, including wine stoppers, flooring, and fashion accessories. Its unique cellular structure makes it lightweight, flexible, and impermeable to liquids, rendering it an excellent choice for book binding.

Cork as a Book Binding Material:

Book binding with cork involves using thin sheets of cork as cover material, creating a distinctive and visually appealing finish. The natural variations in the cork's pattern and color make each book cover unique. Cork can be paired with other materials such as leather, fabric, or paper to enhance its aesthetic appeal and provide additional texture.

The Process of Cork Book Binding:

Material Selection: Begin by choosing a suitable cork sheet for the book cover. Cork sheets come in various thicknesses and patterns, allowing for customization based on the desired look and feel of the final product.

Cutting and Shaping: Measure and cut the cork sheet to the desired dimensions for the book cover. Ensure precision to achieve a neat and professional finish. Consider experimenting with different shapes or incorporating intricate designs for a personalized touch.

Binding Techniques: Cork can be used in various binding techniques, including case binding, coptic binding, or long stitch binding. The choice of binding technique depends on the desired style of the final book.

Decoration and Personalization: Cork provides an excellent canvas for embellishments and personalization. Consider embossing, stamping, or laser engraving to add intricate details, titles, or images to the cover.

Environmental Benefits:

Sustainability: Cork is a renewable resource, as harvesting the bark from cork oak trees does not harm the trees, allowing them to regenerate. This makes cork a sustainable choice for eco-conscious bookbinders.

Biodegradability: Cork is biodegradable, meaning that books bound with cork covers will have a minimal environmental impact at the end of their lifecycle. This contrasts with synthetic materials that may contribute to landfill waste.

Conclusion:

Book binding with cork offers a unique and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional materials. The distinct qualities of cork, coupled with its sustainable nature, make it an excellent choice for those looking to create distinctive and eco-friendly books. As artisans and book lovers continue to explore innovative materials, cork stands out as a testament to the enduring fusion of tradition and modernity in the world of book binding.

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josnashak69 · 4 months

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Return parameters (three types of cashier parameters)

The parameters for returning to the checkout after placing an order are different, and they are mainly divided into the following three categories:

Transaction number: It returns HE Tuber the "prepayment number" of the created order, which is suitable for cashiers called within the channel APP (such as mini programs, official accounts, APPs, etc.). The channel will query your original order based on the prepayment number. And load the cashier for you to use.

Cashier link: suitable for payment methods such as scanning QR codes and H5 to return the QR code and cashier through payment links.

No cashier parameters: Of course, there is also a cashier like "payment code" on the user side, which does not require any interactive form of cashier information.

Cashier call (four technical methods)

The checkout call is relatively technical implementation level. It is divided into four methods: "API call, browser call, integrated sdk call and link access". We will introduce the details in the following article "Techniques You Need to Know About Products".

7) Callback address (notify payment result)

The callback address is the notification address of the payment result. This address is actively uploaded by the transaction initiator when placing an order, and is used to receive the user's payment result at the cashier. At this point, our entire cashier implementation plan has been clarified, and now we can start the actual design.

2. Checkout interaction

There are four mainstream mobile payment forms for completing payment through the cashier: "bank card payment, balance payment, APP payment, and scan code payment". These payment methods all follow the "four-stage" payment method. (It should be noted that the following cashier interactions are provided from the perspective of a third-party payment institution that provides payment services to merchants)

1. Bank card payment

The bottom layer of bank card payment is based on fast payment products. The characteristic of fast products is that they need to sign a contract and bind the card, and generally require SMS verification codes when making payments. Therefore, after selecting the payment method here, the local quick cashier is called. The subsequent callback result can be completed very quickly because it is a local payment method, and then the result is synchronized to the merchant.

2. Local balance payment

Local balance payment mainly refers to payment through local payment accounts (payment accounts are also called member accounts and balance accounts). After selecting the payment method, the user will jump to the cashier of the balance account to confirm the order and account, then enter the password to complete the payment. Since the account is local, the callback result is returned to the merchant very quickly, and the merchant page is also returned synchronously.

3. Channel account payment

Channel account payment mainly refers to accessing products such as "WeChat, Alipay" or "bank digital account". This type of payment also uses a four-stage interaction, so the process is relatively complicated. After the user selects the payment method at the cashier, he must first call the channel cashier to allow the user to complete the payment after jumping. After the payment is successful, you need to receive the callback result from the channel, and then synchronize the callback result to the merchant. Finally, the channel returns the page to the payment platform, and the payment platform returns to the merchant.

It can be seen that each node in this process has merchants, payment platforms, and channels to forward and synchronize, so it is easier to have unclear results. Therefore, this type of product needs to cooperate with scheduled tasks to synchronize results and maintain the "merchant, payment platform , channel” results in eventual consistency.

4. Scan the QR code to pay

Scan code payment mainly refers to "static code tag" or "website/self-service equipment product code". Their feature is that they can create a QR code. After the user scans the code to place an order, the user can then scan the code to jump to a different APP. Complete the payment at the cashier (usually the official account or service window). After the payment is successful, the user clicks to confirm in the APP to return to the result page. If the result page here is a static code plate, the merchant has not customized it, so it can directly return to the payment page.

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