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mostlysignssomeportents · 2 months

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How America's oligarchs lull us with the be-your-own-boss fairy tale

If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this post to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/02/16/narrative-capitalism/#sell-job

Capitalism is a vibes-based system. Sure, we all know about Keynes's "Animal Spirits" that see "bulls" and "bears" vying to set the market's future, but beyond that, there's just a hell of a lot of narrative.

Writing for The American Prospect, Adam M Lowenstein reviews two books that tell the histories of the stories that are used to sell American capitalism to the American people – the stories that turn workers into "temporarily embarrassed millionaires":

https://prospect.org/culture/books/2024-02-16-stories-corporations-tell-williams-waterhouse-review/

The first of these books is Taming the Octopus: The Long Battle for the Soul of the Corporation, by Kyle Edward Williams, a kind of pre-history of "woke capitalism":

https://wwnorton.com/books/9780393867237

Taming is a history of the low-water marks for Big Business's reputation in America, and how each was overcome through PR campaigns that declared a turning point in which business leaders would pursue the common good, even at the expense of their shareholders' interests.

The story starts in the 1950s, when DuPont and other massive firms had gained a well-deserved reputation as rapacious profit-generation machines that "alienated workers and pushed around small businessmen, investors, and consumers." This prompted DuPont's PR chief, Harold Brayman, to write a memo called "The Attack on Bigness," where he set out a plan to sell America on a new cuddly image for corporate giants.

For Brayman, the problem was that corporate execs were too shy about telling their social inferiors about all the good that businesses did for them: "The businessman is normally reluctant to talk out loud. He frequently shuns the spotlight and is content with plugging his wares, not himself."

This was the starting gun for a charm offensive by American big business that included IBM president Thomas Watson Jr ("I think there is a world market for about five computers") going on a speaking tour organized by McKinsey & Co, where he told audiences that his company's billion dollar annual profits had convinced it to assume "responsibilities for the broader public welfare."

This set the template for a nationwide mania of "business statesmanship" that Fortune celebrated with an editorial announcing "a great transformation, of which the world as a whole is as yet unaware" that put the "profit motive…on its last leg."

Fortune then spent the next seventy years recycling this announcement, every time the tide went out on business's popularity. In 2019, Fortune platformed IBM president Ginni Rometty for an announcement that the company was orienting its priorities to the public good: "It’s a question of whether society trusts you or not. We need society to accept what it is that we do."

The occasion for Rometty's quote was a special package on the Trump tax-cuts, a trillion-dollar gift to American big business, which lobbyists for the Business Roundtable celebrated with an announcement that American capitalism would now serve "stakeholders" (not just shareholders). Fortune celebrated this "change" as "fundamental and profound."

Fast forward five years and corporate leaders are still telling stories, this time about "stakeholder capitalism" and "ESG" – the dread "woke capitalism" that has right-wing swivel-eyed loons running around, hair afire, declaring the end of capitalism.

For Williams and Lowenstein (and me), all this ESG, DEI, and responsible capitalism is just window dressing, a distraction to keep the pitchforks and torches in people's closets, and to keep the guillotines in their packaging. The right-wing is doing a mirror-world version of liberals who freak out when OpenAI claims to have built a machine that will pauperize every worker – assuming that a PR pitch is the gospel truth, and then repeating it in criticism. Criti-hype, in other words:

https://sts-news.medium.com/youre-doing-it-wrong-notes-on-criticism-and-technology-hype-18b08b4307e5

Think of ESG: the right is freaking out that ESG is harming shareholders by leaving hydrocarbons in the ground to appease climate-addled greenies. The reality is that ESG is barely disguised greenwashing, and it's fully compatible with burning every critter that died in the Mesozoic, Cenozoic, and lo, even the Paleozoic:

https://pluralistic.net/2022/03/15/sanctions-financing/#profiteers

The reason this tactic is so successful is that Americans have also been sold another narrative: that American problems are solved by American individuals as entrepreneurs and businesspeople, not as polities or as members of a union (let alone the working class!).

This is the subject of the second book Lowenstein reviews, One Day I’ll Work for Myself: The Dream and Delusion That Conquered America, by Benjamin Waterhouse:

https://wwnorton.com/books/one-day-ill-work-for-myself/

A keystone of American narrative capitalism is the idea that the USA is a nation of small businesspeople, Jeffersonian yeoman farmsteaders of the US economy. But even a cursory examination shows that the country is ruled – economically and politically – by very large firms.

Uber sells itself as a way to be your own boss ("No shifts. No boss. No limits.") – even though it's a system where the app is your boss, and thanks to that layer of misdirection, Uber gets to be the worst conceivable boss, while its workers have no recourse in labor law:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/04/12/algorithmic-wage-discrimination/#fishers-of-men

In labor fights, Uber represents itself as the champion of innumerable "small businesspeople" who drive its unlicensed taxis. In consumer protection fights, Amazon claims to be fighting for "small businesspeople" who sell on its platform. In privacy fights, Facebook claims to represent "small businesspeople" who buy its surveillance advertising.

But large firms are actively hostile to small firms, seeing them as small-fry to be rooked or destroyed (recall that when Amazon targeted small publishers for bankruptcy-level discounts, they called the program "The Gazelle Project" and Bezos told his executives to tackle these firms "the way a cheetah pursues a sickly gazelle").

Decades of this tale have produced "a profound shift from a shared belief that individuals might come together to solve problems, into a collective faith in individual effort." America's long love-affair with rugged individualism was weaponized in the 1970s by corporations seeking to shed their regulatory obligation to workers, customers, and the environment.

As with Big Tech today, the big business lobby held up mom-and-pop businesses as the true beneficiaries of deregulation, even as they knifed these firms. A telling anecdote comes from someone who worked for the Chamber of Commerce's magazine Nation's Business: when this editor pointed out that many of the magazine's subscribers were small businesspeople and asked if they could start including articles relevant to mom-and-pops, the editor in chief said, "Over my dead body."

The neoliberal era has been an unbroken string of platitudes celebrating the small business and policies that annihilate their chances against large firms. Ronald Reagan's dewy-eyed hymns to American entrepreneurship sounded nice, but what matters is that he attempted to abolish the Small Business Administration and refused to address the 20,000 attendee "White House Conference on Small Business."

In the years since, American has sacrificed its small businesses while pulling out all the stops – bailouts and tax cuts and elite bankruptcy – to keep its largest firms growing. New regulations like Dodd-Frank were neutered in the name of saving mom-and-pop shops, even though the provisions that were cut already exempted small businesses.

Today, millions of Americans are treading water in a fetid stew of LLC-poisoning, rise-and-grind, multi-level-marketing, dropshipping and gig-work, convinced that the only way to get a better life is to pull themselves up by their bootstraps:

https://pluralistic.net/2023/04/10/declaration-of-interdependence/

Narrative does a lot of work here. The American economy runs on bubbles, another form of narrative capitalism. Take AI, a subject I sincerely wish I could stop hearing about, not least because I'm certain that 99% of that thinking is being wasted on whatever residue remains after the bubble pops:

https://locusmag.com/2023/12/commentary-cory-doctorow-what-kind-of-bubble-is-ai/

AI isn't going to do your job, but its narrative may convince your boss to fire you and replace you with a bot that can't do your job. Like what happened when Air Canada hired a chatbot to answer customer inquiries and it started making shit up about bereavement discounts that the company later claimed it didn't have to honor:

https://bc.ctvnews.ca/air-canada-s-chatbot-gave-a-b-c-man-the-wrong-information-now-the-airline-has-to-pay-for-the-mistake-1.6769454

This story's been all over the news for the past couple of days, but so far as I've seen, no one has pointed out the seemingly obvious inference that this chatbot probably ripped off lots of people. The victim here was extraordinarily persistent, chasing a refund for 10 weeks and then going to the regulator. This guy is a six-sigma self-advocate – which implies a whole bell-curve's worth of comparatively normal people who just ate the shit-sandwich Air Canada fed them.

The reason AI is a winning proposition for Air Canada isn't that it can do a customer service rep's job – it can't. But the AI is a layer of indirection – like the app that is the true boss of Uber drivers – that lets Air Canada demoralize the customers it steals from into walking away from their losses.

Nevertheless, the narrative that AI Will Change Everything Forever is powerful – more powerful than AI itself, that's for sure. Take this Bloomberg headline: "Nearly all wealth gained by world's rich this year comes from AI":

https://www.business-standard.com/world-news/nearly-all-wealth-gained-by-world-s-rich-this-year-comes-from-ai-124021600006_1.html

Dig in and you find even more narrative. The single largest beneficiary of AI stock gains last year was Mark Zuckerberg ($161B!). Zuck is American Narrative Capitalism's greatest practitioner: the guy who made billions peddling a series of lies, from "pivot to video" to "metaverse," leaping from one lie to the next just ahead of the mass stock-selloffs that wiped out lesser predators.

The Narrative Capitalism Cinematic Universe has a lot of side-plots like AI and entrepreneurship and woke capitalism, but its main narrative arc was articulated, ad nauseum, by Margaret Thatcher: "There is no alternative." This is the most important part of the story, the part that says it literally can't be otherwise. The only way to organize society is through markets, and the only way to organize markets is to leave them alone, no matter how much suffering they cause.

This is a baffling story, because it's so easily disproved. Zuck says the only way to have friends is to let him surveil you from asshole to appetite, even though he once ran Facebook as the privacy-forward alternative to MySpace, and promised never to spy on you:

https://lawcat.berkeley.edu/record/1128876

Likewise, the business leaders – and their chorus of dutiful Renfields – who insist that monopoly is the natural and inevitable outcome of any market economy just handwave away the decades during which anti-monopoly enforcement actually kept most businesses from getting too big to fail and too big to jail.

I'm no champion of market efficiency – especially not as the best and final arbiter of social and economic questions – but when I hear my comrades repeating the Thatcherite claims that all forms of capitalism necessarily degrade into monopolistic quagmires, that there is no alternative, it sounds like more criti-hype.

This is a frequent point of departure during discussions of enshittification: some people dismiss the whole idea of enshittification as "just capitalism." But we had decades of digital services that either didn't degrade, or, when they did, were replaced by superior competitors with a minimum of switching costs for users who migrated from the decaying incumbent to greener pastures.

The reality is that while there are problems with all forms of capitalism, there are different kinds of capitalist problems, and some forms of capitalism are less harmful to working people and more capable of enacting and enforcing sound policy than others.

Enshittification is what happens when the constraints on the worst impulses of companies and their investors and managers are removed. When a company doesn't have competitors, when it can capture its regulators to trample our rights with impunity, when it can enlist those regulators to shut down would-be competitors who might free us from its "walled garden," and when it can fire any worker who refuses to enact harm upon the users they serve, then that company will enshittify:

https://pluralistic.net/2024/01/30/go-nuts-meine-kerle/#ich-bin-ein-bratapfel

A company can be made to treat you well, even if it is run by a wicked person who sees you as a mark to be fleeced – that mustache twirler just has to be constrained – by competition, regulation, self-help and labor. He may still hate you and wish you harm, but he won't be able to act on it.

As MLK said:

It may be true that the law cannot make a man love me, religion and education will have to do that, but it can restrain him from lynching me. And I think that's pretty important also. And so that while legislation may not change the hearts of men, it does change the habits of men. And we see this every day.

#pluralistic #narrative capitalism #oligarchy #temporarily embarrassed millionaires #late-stage capitalism #enshittification #disenshittification #vocational awe #fobazi ettarh #ai #bubbles #bubblenomics #rise and grind #Benjamin C. Waterhouse #One Day I’ll Work for Myself #Kyle Edward Williams #Taming the Octopus #woke capitalism #llcs with mfas

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grandhotelabyss · 3 years

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This semi-viral Tweet is a useful exercise in place of the very impressionistic discussions of what’s read in high school and in what era and in what kind of school. I ransacked my memory and came up with an archive of full-length works I was assigned. There were plenty of short stories and poems, too, a great deal of Edgar Allan Poe in both categories as I recall, but I decided only to list books. For context, I attended a massive suburban public high school from 1996 to 2000; these were advanced English classes. Titles are listed in no particular order until 12th grade, which was, I believe, a historical survey.

9th GRADE

Rinehart, The Bat

Frank, Alas, Babylon

Steinbeck, The Pearl

Orwell, Animal Farm

Wilder, Our Town

Du Maurier, Rebecca

Clark, The Ox-Bow Incident

Stevenson, Treasure Island

Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet

Homer, The Odyssey

10th GRADE

Shakespeare, Julius Caesar

Shaw, Arms and the Man

Wilder, The Matchmaker

Remarque, All Quiet on the Western Front

Orwell, Nineteen Eighty-Four

Golding, Lord of the Flies

Knowles, A Separate Peace

Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun

Lawrence and Lee, Inherit the Wind

Dickens, Great Expectations

Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea

Assignments for Multicultural Literature Project:

Conroy, The Water Is Wide

Tan, The Joy Luck Club

11th GRADE (AMERICAN LITERATURE FOCUS)

Miller, The Crucible

Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter

Edwards and Stone, 1776

Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men

Wharton, Ethan Frome

Miller, Death of a Salesman

Twain, Huckleberry Finn

Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

Lee, To Kill a Mockingbird

Selections for Book Reports on Fiction and Biography:

Steinbeck, The Winter of Our Discontent

Donald, Lincoln

Selection for Research Paper:

Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms

12th GRADE (WORLD LITERATURE FOCUS)

Sophocles, Antigone

Beowulf

Chaucer, Canterbury Tales (excerpts)

Shakespeare, Macbeth

Shakespeare, Hamlet

Shakespeare, King Lear

Congreve, The Way of the World

Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer

Ibsen, The Doll's House

Chekhov, The Cherry Orchard

Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest

Conrad, Heart of Darkness

Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country

Selection for Presentation and Essay on English Poetry:

Keats, Odes

Selection for Research Paper:

Milton, Paradise Lost

Observations and Reminiscences:

—Strange omissions compared to other people in my generation—no Catcher in the Rye, no Brave New World, no Frankenstein.

—Many, many, many plays, including some that must have fallen out of the repertoire by now. (Before high school I’d read, maybe in Steranko’s History of Comics, that Mary Roberts Rinehart’s The Bat had helped to inspire Batman, so I took it up with enthusiasm in the 9th grade, but it was, as I recall, some kind of dull drawing-room mystery.) There are non-cynical reasons to teach so many plays—the performance element gets students interested who might otherwise fall asleep—but also one cynical reason: they’re shorter than novels!

—The 10th grade multicultural project: we had to read two books from two of five minority cultures (African-American, Asian, Jewish, Native American, Latino) and do an oral report about one of the cultures (not the specific books—the cultures!) and a research paper on the other. The teacher hauled a dusty box of books out of the closet and randomly distributed them. Even back in benighted 1998, I knew it was ironic that my “African-American” selection was a white man’s memoir of teaching English to an isolated community of black children, though The Water Is Wide wasn’t bad as such, and it inspired me to read, extracurricularly, Conroy’s exquisite and unforgettable middlebrow extravaganza The Prince of Tides (“Lowenstein, Lowenstein”). My other assigned text was originally a Chaim Potok novel, I don’t remember which one, but the jock next to me got The Joy Luck Club and wanted to switch since he knew they’d made that into a “chick flick.” I’d seen and enjoyed the movie—my mother had rented it from Blockbuster—so I readily agreed; Tan’s novel is also excellently middlebrow, and I have nothing but fond memories of it. I’ve still never read Chaim Potok, alas.

—In 11th and 12th grades, we were given some freedom to choose our own reading. In 11th grade we had to do two books reports, one on an American novel and one on a biography of a famous American. Showing no imagination, I first leaned in to the prevailing Steinbeck fixation and chose The Winter of Our Discontent (I’d already read The Grapes of Wrath—a masterpiece—and East of Eden—a white elephant—on my own) and then plucked the then-newest biography of the most famous American of them all from my local branch library’s shelves (in my defense, Lincoln lived a hell of a life). I don’t know what made me choose Hemingway instead of Faulkner for the research paper, which had to be on a great American novel or play picked from a badly photocopied list originally banged out on a manual typewriter probably in the ’70s. I was never assigned Faulkner in school but read As I Lay Dying and The Sound and the Fury in the magic summer between 11th and 12 grades, when, loosed into literature as never before, I read masterpiece after masterpiece for three months in a heated daze (Hamlet, Billy Budd, The Sun Also Rises, Underworld, A Streetcar Named Desire, Beloved, Paradise, The Satanic Verses…). By that time, I was into Harold Bloom, which also explains the Keats and Milton selections in 12th grade.

In sum, if you throw out some of the plays and genre fiction—though not Rebecca; I loved Rebecca—add a couple more older classics (Dante, Virgil), and, yes, diversify (at least swap in Morrison or Hurston or Soyinka or Achebe for the weepy white liberals Alan Paton and Harper Lee), it wasn't a bad education at all.

#literature #pedagogy #english literature #american literature #world literature

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engenheiragabi · 4 years

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Penteados com franja: inspire-se e arrase com os modelos

Mudar a cor dos fios é uma das formas de transformar as madeixas e dar aquele up no visual. As tendências de cores de cabelo são variadas, desde o castanho escuro para as morenas até o blorange para quem adora um cabelo colorido. Separamos fotos das apostas de cores de cabelo para você se inspirar e transformar já o visual. Confira:

Índice do conteúdo:

Tendências

Loiras

Morenas

Ruivas

Cabelo colorido

Cores de cabelo 2020: tendências

Para você ficar por dentro dos tons do ano, confira nossa seleção das 30 tendências de cores de cabelo de 2020. Há colorações para diversos tipos de fios e cortes variados.

Tyla Lauren

Sabrina Sato

Carla Lemos

Taís Araujo

Giordana Serrano

Gabi Brandt

Iza

Micah Gianelli

Leighanne Pinnock

Nina Secrets

Camila queiroz

mari Maria

Thássia Naves

Luanna

Karol Pinheiro

Giovanna Antonelli

Thaila Ayala

Fiorella Mattheis

Carina Soares

Rayza Nicácio

Carina Soares

Vanessa Hudgens

Lucy Hale

Nah Cardoso

Sophia Abrahão

Camila Coelho

Giovanna Ewbank

Izabel Goulart

Bruna Marquezine

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Os tons de cabelo de 2020 são variados e agradam gostos diversos. Para as discretas, a dica é apostar em um tom castanho escuro, com cara de natural. Já para as ousadas, que tal deixar os fios bem coloridos e cheios de atitude?

Cores de cabelo 2020: loiras

O loiro acinzentado e os tons de dourado são as apostas de 2020. O loiro com raiz escura, com bastante contraste entre os fios continua em alta e é mais fácil de manter. Confira:

Khloe N

Maraisa Fidelis

Katy Perry

dervscurls

Jana Taffarel

Julia Tedesco

Renata Uchoa

Gabi Brandt

Marcos Proença

Gisele Bundchen

Alanis Lisboa

intoyourcloset

Mariana Andrade

Ayda Williams

Helena Bordon

Caroline Viee

Gabi Fresh

alex Michael May

Ana Furtado

Fernanda Keulla

Sandy

Carol Tognon

Rayza Nicácio

Hayley Kiyoko

dani Song

Stella Maxwell

Hailey Bieber

Zara Larsson

Gigi Hadid

Chloe Nelson

Carol Mamprin

Angelicaksy

Grazi Massafera

Luisa Sonza

Yasmin Brunet

Saxarna Pitea

Constance Wu

Chiara Ferragni

Nikkietutorials

Nina Secrets

Belaya Lyudmila

Rachel Martino

Lily James

Carol Tognon

Beyonce

Layla Monteiro

Flamcis

Kylie Jenner

Perrie Edwards

Os tons de loiro são diversos, do platinado ao caramelo, até o mais escuro. Além disso, não há limitações para ter os fios mais claros, já que eles combinam com tipos variados de cabelo, dos crespos aos bem lisos.

Cores de cabelo 2020: morenas

A tendência morena iluminada, com mechas mais claras, continua em alta e é uma maneira prática para dar um up no visual. Já o castanho escuro com cara de natural é a cor que está fazendo sucesso entre as celebridades. Veja alguns tons:

Giovanna Ferrarezi

Negin Mirsalehi

Bianca Andrade

Debora Alcantara

Lily Collins

Shay Mitchell

Fernanda Vasconcelos

Kim Kardashian

Julia Konrad

Songofstyle

Camila Coutinho

Jade Seba

Julia Rodrigues

Leticia Luger

Syana Lanyian

Lu Ferreira

Ana Lidia Lopes

Luciellen Assis

Mari Saad

Juliana Paes

Isabeli Fontana

Duda Fernandes

Nicolette Mason

Lana Condor

Lucy Hale

khloe N.

Jad Thirlwall

Alessandra Ambrosio

Zendaya

Kate Ogata

Annabelle Fleur

Kaia Gerber

Khloe N.

Jameela Jamil

Natasha Ndlovu

Khloe N

Tiere Christyán

Cheyenne Maya

Kelly Augustine

Patricia de jesus

Thalita Zukeram

Nina Gabriella

Tashi Rodrigues

Brittany Xavier

Erika Hius

Alice Wegmann

Sophia Chang

Kylie Jenner

Jordyn Woods

Mariana Sampaio

O cabelo castanho é uma ótima alternativa para quem ama praticidade, já que os fios escuros são mais fáceis de manter. Já tem um tom favorito?

Cores de cabelo 2020: ruivas

Os tons de ruivo continuam em alta. Além das colorações que se aproximam do natural, as apostas são os ruivos fechados, mais escuros e discretos e também os mais claros, bem alaranjados e que puxam para o loiro.

Janibell

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Vitória Souza

Isabella Trad

Ju Romano

Mari Maria

Ana Clara

Jessica Chastain

Miçary Ruiz

Clara Amalfi

Jesy Nelson

Leticia Colin

Ellora Haonne

Sophia Abrahão

Lissa Hamada

Nadia Schmidt

Dayna Bolden

Viih Tube

Pam Melchiades

Fashion Coolture

Jéssica Lopes

Sarah Oliveira

Cláudia Raia

Mariana Ximenes

Valentine Vanesse

Luanna

Bruna Vieira

espairecida

Bella Victoria

Gleici Duarte

Thais Farage

Juliana Santos

Julia Cançado

Katherine McNamara

Mel

Ana Cristina Ribeiro

ana pit

Malu Rodrigues

Sydnieslittleworld

Thais Gomez

O legal de escolher um tom ruivo é que ele combina com os mais diversos cortes e tipos de cabelo, dos crespos e cheios de volume aos bem fininhos. Para manter a cor desejada, é necessário retoque com frequência e recomenda-se o uso de um shampoo tonalizante.

Cores de cabelo colorido 2020

E se você adora mudar a cor com frequência, que tal começar o ano com um cabelo colorido? Os tons de apostas são: os tons de unicórnio, as tintas neon e o marsala e o millennial pink. Confira:

Khloe N.

Khloe n

Magá Moura

Linday Liem

Aysha Sow

Nyané

Lucy Hale

Nataly Neri

Carla Diaz

Khloe N.

Melody & Michael Lowenstein

nealm hair

Niina Secrets

Karen Bachini

Nah Cardoso

Kaileesmileyhair

Courtney Gann

Nathan Flippo

Tanja Unrau

Fernanda Ly

Francislola

Bianca Matos

Bianca Costa

Nadya Duarte

Irene illusion

Sayuri Yamagishi

Cheios de atitude, não é mesmo? Os tons fluorescentes e as cores vivas como o amarelo e o rosa pink são perfeitos para as ousadas. Se você é das discretas ou vai pintar o cabelo pela primeira vez, pode começar com uma mecha colorida ou pintando as pontinhas dos fios.

Há tendências para os mais variados estilos e tipos de fios. E você, já tem uma cor favorita para transformar o visual? Para ficar por dentro de outras tendências, confira os cortes de cabelo de 2020.

O post Penteados com franja: inspire-se e arrase com os modelos apareceu primeiro em Dicas de Mulher.

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desviesennoiretblanc · 5 years

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Peu s'en souviennent, certains l'ignorent (18)

Le 28 octobre 1949, Marcel Cerdan meurt dans le crash du Lockheed Constellation, avion d'Air France, qui assure la liaison Paris-New York. Tout le monde connaît plus ou moins les circonstances du décès du grand amour d'Édith Piaf. Une autre célébrité figure sur la liste des passagers, la violoniste Ginette Neveu. Ce 28 octobre 1949, quarante-huit personnes trouvent la mort sur l'île de Santa Maria, dans l'archipel des Açores. Il n'y aucun survivant. Outre les noms de Marcel Cerdan et, peut-être, de Ginette Neveu, peu se souviennent de l'identité des victimes du crash du Constellation.

Le 27 octobre 1949, l'avion décolle de l'aéroport de Roissy. Onze personnes composent l'équipage : Jean de La Noüe, le commandant de bord est assisté de Charles Wolfer et de Camille Fidency, ses deux co-pilotes ; Roger Pierre et Paul Giraud sont responsables de la radio ; Jean Salvatori est à la navigation ; André Villet et Marcel Sarrazin occupent les fonctions de mécaniciens ; Suzanne Roig, celles d'hôtesse de l'air ; Albert Brucker et Raymond Redon, celles de stewards. L'avion se dirige vers New-York avec à son bord trente-sept passagers : Marcel Cerdan voyage avec son manager, Jo Longman, et son ami Paul Genser ; Ginette Neveu est accompagnée de son frère Jean ; les autres passagers se nomment John et Hanna Abbott, Mustapha Abdouni, Eghline Askhan, Joseph Aharony, Jean-Pierre Aduritz, Jean-Louis Arambel, Françoise et Jenny Brandière, Bernard Boutet de Monvel, Guillaume Chaurront, Thérèse Etchepare, Edouard Gehring, Remigio Hernandores, Simone Henessy, René Hauth, Guy et Rachel Jasmin, Kay et Ketty Kamen, Emery Komios, Ernest Lowenstein, Amélie Ringler, Yaccob Raffo, Maud Ryan, Philippe et Margarida Sales, Raoul Sibernagel, Irène Sivanich, Jean-Pierre Suquilbide, Edward Supine et James Zebiner.

Ils étaient journalistes, bergers, bergères, hommes d'affaires, artiste peintre, ouvrière, étudiante, industriels, avocats... Pour en savoir plus sur leurs vies, sur leurs destins, sur les dernières heures de ce voyage vers New York, je vous conseille la lecture de Constellation, récit passionnant écrit par Adrien Bosc, paru aux éditions Stock en 2014.

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premiumebooks · 2 years

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Warren Buffett Biography (Fun Facts, How he Started Business, Education, Etc)

Warren Buffett is an investment guru and one of the world's wealthiest and most respected businessmen, known as the "Oracle of Omaha."

Warren Buffett: Who Is He?

In 1930, Warren Edward Buffett was born to his mother Leila and his father Howard, a stockbroker-turned-Congressman. His father and mother both died when he was a young boy. He had two sisters, and he had a remarkable aptitude for money and business from an exceptionally young age.

Buffett showed excellent business savvy from a young age. He established Buffett Partnership Ltd. in 1956, and he had taken control of Berkshire Hathaway by 1965. Among his many accomplishments were being a philanthropist and a leading businessman while leading an empire in media, insurance, energy, food, and beverage.

Family: Wife and kids

At the age of 76, Buffett married his longtime partner Astrid Menks.

His first wife, Susan Thompson, died in 2004 after a 30-year marriage although they separated in the 1970s. His three children with Susan were Howard, Peter, and Susan.

Amount of wealth

The estimated net worth of Buffett in 2018 was $84 billion.

Buffett gave away how much money to charity?

According to USA Today, Buffett has donated nearly $28 billion towards charity between 2006 and 2017.

Education

In 1947, Warren Buffett was 17 years old when he graduated from high school. Since he had already earned $5,000 delivering newspapers (which is the equivalent of $42,610.81 in 2000), he never planned on going to college. While his father had other plans, he encouraged his son to attend Wharton at Pennsylvania University.

Although Buffett was a better-educated individual than some of his professors, he stayed only two years. Then, he transferred to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in Omaha. Even though he worked full-time, he graduated in just three years.

In his approach to graduate study, he continued to exhibit the same level of resistance he displayed just a few years earlier. Warren was rejected from Harvard Business School because he was 'too young.' Then he applied to Columbia University, where famed investors Ben Graham and David Dodd taught.

A list of books about Buffett

At least 47 books are in print with Buffett biography book or Buffett's name on the title, according to a report in USA Today from October 2008. According to the Wall Street Journal, George Jones, the CEO of Borders Books, only the Dalai Lama, world leaders, and presidents appear in many titles. One of Warren Buffett's favorite books is a collection of his essays called The Essays of Warren Buffett, which he said is "a coherent arrangement of thoughts from my letters to shareholders every year".

Here are a few best-selling warren Buffett biography books:

A Fortune Magazine book, Tap Dancing to Work: Warren Buffett on Practically Everything, 1966-2012, Carol J. Loomis.

Warren Buffett's Three Favorite Books by Preston Pysh. (An interactive book with links to Buffett's Books for online videos).

Lowenstein, Roger, Warren Buffett, Making of an American Capitalist.

The Warren Buffett Way, by Robert Hagstrom.

The Snowball: Warren Buffett and the Business of Life, by Alice Schroeder. (Written with Buffett's cooperation.)

TV and film

Buffett has also appeared in countless films and television programs, both documentary, and fiction, in addition to his many television appearances on news programs. In addition to Wall Street: Money Never Sleeps (2010), The Office (U.S.), All My Children, and Entourage (2015), he has made numerous other appearances in film and television. In addition to his ten appearances on Charlie Rose, Buffett was the subject of the HBO documentary Becoming Warren Buffett (2017) and BBC production The World's Greatest Money Maker (2009).

Source:- https://www.premiumebooks.xyz/2022/01/warren-buffett-biography-fun-facts-how.html

#Buffett biography book #Buffett

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orbemnews · 3 years

Link

Jerome Powell and Janet Yellen aren't worried about inflation. Maybe they should be And with the economy still struggling due to Covid-19, neither Powell nor Yellen seems overly worried that the unprecedented amount of stimulus from both the central bank and Congress will spark any persistent inflationary pressures just yet. Powell said in a Princeton talk last week that there could be “quite exuberant spending” from consumers over the next few months thanks to stimulus checks and an improving economy following broader access to vaccines. Some prices could rise as a result. But the Fed chair argued this may not necessarily be inflationary for the long haul. Price increases could be — to use a favorite Fed buzzword — transitory. Yellen similarly noted in her Senate confirmation hearing last week that she believes the Fed and the Biden administration should take advantage of interest rates being near zero and thus spend more on stimulus. In other words, now is not the time to fret over inflation. “Inflation is always a concern and it’s an easy concept to grasp,” said Mimi Song, chief economist at CrossBorder Solutions. “Lower supplies could lead to higher prices for the short-term and more stimulus could lead to higher disposable income.” But Song contends the global pandemic and recession will likely keep a lid on prices. The priority needs to be the economic recovery, not the fear of inflation several years from now. Inflation could come roaring back Still, some worry that Powell and Yellen are being too dismissive. The economy may not be able to remain in a scenario where inflation pressure simmers without boiling over. The 10-year Treasury yield is now back above 1% — its highest level since March. Oil prices are up 10% in the past month as well. These are signs that investors are betting on more inflation sooner rather than later. “There is this tug of war around inflation,” said Todd Lowenstein, equity strategy executive of The Private Bank at Union Bank. “Inflation could be transitory but we need to keep an eye on the bond market due to massive federal spending.” Lowenstein said stimulus spending, while necessary, could lead to further declines in the value of the dollar, which would fan the flames of inflation. But the Fed is not in a position to raise rates to stem inflation while the economy is still so fragile. Inflation could become more of a consistent problem. “Could inflation become entrenched? The Fed doesn’t want to fight it right now, but historically the issue is that inflation is like toothpaste in a tube. It’s impossible to put back,” Lowenstein said. If inflation pressure does mount, the Fed can’t ignore it indefinitely — at some point, it has to fight it off. And that is key. The Fed has tried to remain out of politics and do what it deems best for the economy, no matter what actions the president and Congress decide to take. “The Fed risks losing the perception of its independence if it doesn’t fight inflation,” said Adam Lampe, the CEO and Co-founder of Mint Wealth Management. “An unexpected rise in inflation could be a risk,” he added. “Inflation should be modest in 2021, but once it’s let out of the bag it could come back quickly.” Keep an eye on wages and the job market So the Fed may be forced to raise rates sooner than the market is currently expecting, or it may need to more rapidly cut back on — or taper — its current program of bond purchases. The last time the Fed made a significant change to its asset purchases, in June 2013, stocks sold off rapidly in what came to be known as the “taper tantrum.” Still, the biggest driver of inflation tends to be a healthy job market and bigger paychecks for workers. That’s not the case right now. According to the December jobs report, average hourly wages grew about 5% from a year ago. But the government noted those increases “largely reflect the disproportionate number of lower-paid workers in leisure and hospitality who went off payrolls.” In other words, wage growth would have been a lot lower if more Americans were actually working. Other government data shows that there are only small pockets of inflation. According to the latest consumer price index report, food prices rose 3.9%. Appliance prices shot up 6.2% and used car prices surged 10%. But overall, consumer prices gained just 1.4% over the past year. “If you look at the stock market and industries like housing, you might feel like the economy is back on its feet. But there is still enough slack in the job market to prevent any short-term inflation,” said Craig Fehr, investment strategist at Edward Jones. “I don’t think inflation will be a predominant risk.” Yet Fehr is concerned that inflation inevitably will become a major issue that policymakers must tackle. “Longer-term, the risks of inflation cannot be overstated. The market is expecting incredible levels of Fed stimulus for an extended period of time,” he said. “If you ask me what usually keeps me up at night, it’s inflation.” Source link Orbem News #Arent #Economy #Inflation #Janet #Jerome #JeromePowellandJanetYellenaren'tworriedaboutinflation.Maybetheyshouldbe-CNN #Powell #worried #Yellen

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beautifulfaaces · 6 years

Photo

Blake Ritson

Facts

January 14, 1978

English actor an director

Filmography

Gunther [The Hitman's Wife's Bodyguard: 2021]

Brainiac [ Krypton: 2018-2019]

Charlie [ Indian Summers: 2016]

Girolamo [Da Vinci’s Demons: 2013-2015]

Lowenstein [Serena: 2014]

Edward III [ World Without End: 2012]

Mr. Elton [Emma: 2009]

Giles [Red Cap: 2003-2004]

Christopher [ Breaking the Code: 1996]

Appearance

brunette

brown eyes

1.77m

Roleplay

playable: young adult, adult

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manualstogo · 5 years

Link

For just $3.99 Anything for a Thrill Released on June 15, 1937: The young brother of a newsreel photographer tries to get into the newsreel business by getting the first-ever film of a wealthy heiress. Directed by: Leslie Goodwins Written by: Peter B. Kyne, Joseph O'Donnell and Stanley Lowenstein The Actors: Frankie Darro Dan Mallory, Kane Richmond Cliff Mallory, June Johnson Jean Roberts, Ann Evers Betty Kelley, Johnstone White Burke, aka The Earl, Horace Murphy Boss Kelley, Edward Hearn Collins, Frank Marlowe Joe, Bob Kortman henchman Bob, Charles Dorety henchman Charlie, Charles McAvoy guard, Ernie Adams Runt, henchman, Ernie Alexander Alphonse, assistant photographer, Kit Guard motorcycle cop, Jack Ingram estate guard, Stanley Mack henchman, Fred Parker Benny, butler, Arthur Van Slyke Attorney Dahl Runtime: 1h 2min *** This item will be supplied on a quality disc and will be sent in a sleeve that is designed for posting CD's DVDs *** This item will be sent by 1st class post for quick delivery. Should you not receive your item within 12 working days of making payment, please contact us as it is unusual for any item to take this long to be delivered. Note: All my products are either my own work, licensed to me directly or supplied to me under a GPL/GNU License. No Trademarks, copyrights or rules have been violated by this item. This product complies withs rules on compilations, international media and downloadable media. All items are supplied on CD or DVD.

#movie #vintage #film #theatre #theater #classic

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livesinyesterday · 5 years

Photo

Happy 70th Birthday, David Strathairn!

Born: January 26, 1949

Best Known Roles: Noah Vosen (The Bourne Ultimatum) , Edward R. Murrow (Good Night and Good Luck) , Ira Lowenstein (A League of their Own) , Pierce Patchett (LA Confidential) , Dr. Lee Rosen (Alphas) , Tom Hartman (The River Wild) , Whistler (Sneakers)

#david strathairn #amazing people #my david gifs #david strathairn appreciation #a league of their own #we are marshall #harrison's flowers #he does not want peace #la confidential #fracture

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maricarvalhoempresaria · 4 years

Text

Penteados com franja: inspire-se e arrase com os modelos

Índice do conteúdo:

Tendências

Loiras

Morenas

Ruivas

Cabelo colorido

Cores de cabelo 2020: tendências

Para você ficar por dentro dos tons do ano, confira nossa seleção das 30 tendências de cores de cabelo de 2020. Há colorações para diversos tipos de fios e cortes variados.

Tyla Lauren

Sabrina Sato

Carla Lemos

Taís Araujo

Giordana Serrano

Gabi Brandt

Iza

Micah Gianelli

Leighanne Pinnock

Nina Secrets

Camila queiroz

mari Maria

Thássia Naves

Luanna

Karol Pinheiro

Giovanna Antonelli

Thaila Ayala

Fiorella Mattheis

Carina Soares

Rayza Nicácio

Carina Soares

Vanessa Hudgens

Lucy Hale

Nah Cardoso

Sophia Abrahão

Camila Coelho

Giovanna Ewbank

Izabel Goulart

Bruna Marquezine

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Cores de cabelo 2020: loiras

O loiro acinzentado e os tons de dourado são as apostas de 2020. O loiro com raiz escura, com bastante contraste entre os fios continua em alta e é mais fácil de manter. Confira:

Khloe N

Maraisa Fidelis

Katy Perry

dervscurls

Jana Taffarel

Julia Tedesco

Renata Uchoa

Gabi Brandt

Marcos Proença

Gisele Bundchen

Alanis Lisboa

intoyourcloset

Mariana Andrade

Ayda Williams

Helena Bordon

Caroline Viee

Gabi Fresh

alex Michael May

Ana Furtado

Fernanda Keulla

Sandy

Carol Tognon

Rayza Nicácio

Hayley Kiyoko

dani Song

Stella Maxwell

Hailey Bieber

Zara Larsson

Gigi Hadid

Chloe Nelson

Carol Mamprin

Angelicaksy

Grazi Massafera

Luisa Sonza

Yasmin Brunet

Saxarna Pitea

Constance Wu

Chiara Ferragni

Nikkietutorials

Nina Secrets

Belaya Lyudmila

Rachel Martino

Lily James

Carol Tognon

Beyonce

Layla Monteiro

Flamcis

Kylie Jenner

Perrie Edwards

Cores de cabelo 2020: morenas

Giovanna Ferrarezi

Negin Mirsalehi

Bianca Andrade

Debora Alcantara

Lily Collins

Shay Mitchell

Fernanda Vasconcelos

Kim Kardashian

Julia Konrad

Songofstyle

Camila Coutinho

Jade Seba

Julia Rodrigues

Leticia Luger

Syana Lanyian

Lu Ferreira

Ana Lidia Lopes

Luciellen Assis

Mari Saad

Juliana Paes

Isabeli Fontana

Duda Fernandes

Nicolette Mason

Lana Condor

Lucy Hale

khloe N.

Jad Thirlwall

Alessandra Ambrosio

Zendaya

Kate Ogata

Annabelle Fleur

Kaia Gerber

Khloe N.

Jameela Jamil

Natasha Ndlovu

Khloe N

Tiere Christyán

Cheyenne Maya

Kelly Augustine

Patricia de jesus

Thalita Zukeram

Nina Gabriella

Tashi Rodrigues

Brittany Xavier

Erika Hius

Alice Wegmann

Sophia Chang

Kylie Jenner

Jordyn Woods

Mariana Sampaio

O cabelo castanho é uma ótima alternativa para quem ama praticidade, já que os fios escuros são mais fáceis de manter. Já tem um tom favorito?

Cores de cabelo 2020: ruivas

Janibell

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Vitória Souza

Isabella Trad

Ju Romano

Mari Maria

Ana Clara

Jessica Chastain

Miçary Ruiz

Clara Amalfi

Jesy Nelson

Leticia Colin

Ellora Haonne

Sophia Abrahão

Lissa Hamada

Nadia Schmidt

Dayna Bolden

Viih Tube

Pam Melchiades

Fashion Coolture

Jéssica Lopes

Sarah Oliveira

Cláudia Raia

Mariana Ximenes

Valentine Vanesse

Luanna

Bruna Vieira

espairecida

Bella Victoria

Gleici Duarte

Thais Farage

Juliana Santos

Julia Cançado

Katherine McNamara

Mel

Ana Cristina Ribeiro

ana pit

Malu Rodrigues

Sydnieslittleworld

Thais Gomez

Cores de cabelo colorido 2020

E se você adora mudar a cor com frequência, que tal começar o ano com um cabelo colorido? Os tons de apostas são: os tons de unicórnio, as tintas neon e o marsala e o millennial pink. Confira:

Khloe N.

Khloe n

Magá Moura

Linday Liem

Aysha Sow

Nyané

Lucy Hale

Nataly Neri

Carla Diaz

Khloe N.

Melody & Michael Lowenstein

nealm hair

Niina Secrets

Karen Bachini

Nah Cardoso

Kaileesmileyhair

Courtney Gann

Nathan Flippo

Tanja Unrau

Fernanda Ly

Francislola

Bianca Matos

Bianca Costa

Nadya Duarte

Irene illusion

Sayuri Yamagishi

O post Penteados com franja: inspire-se e arrase com os modelos apareceu primeiro em Dicas de Mulher.

Penteados com franja: inspire-se e arrase com os modelos Publicado primeiro em https://www.dicasdemulher.com.br/

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italianaradio · 5 years

Text

Festa del cinema di Roma 2019: il programma ufficiale

Nuovo post su italianaradio https://www.italianaradio.it/index.php/festa-del-cinema-di-roma-2019-il-programma-ufficiale/

Festa del cinema di Roma 2019: il programma ufficiale

33 film e documentari nella selezione ufficiale, 15 incontri ravvicinati con registi, attori, scrittori e personalità del mondo dell’arte, 15 “duelli” a tema cinema tra le novità della prossima edizione: sono questi i numeri con i quali il direttore artistico Antonio Monda presenta il programma ufficiale della Festa del cinema di Roma 2019 che si svolgerà dal 17 al 27 Ottobre presso l’Auditorium parco della Musica. “Elegante e adolescenziale“, così lo descrive la presidente della fondazione cinema Laura Delli Colli, spaziando tra ritratti femminili e generi.

Tra i titoli più attesi spiccano ovviamente The Irishman di Martin Scorsese (che arriverà nella capitale insieme ad una delle sue star), Downton Abbey, Honey Boy (la pellicola che racconta l’infanzia di Shia La Beouf), Hustlers (la commedia con Jennifer Lopez), Judy (il biopic con Renée Zellweger) e il documentario su Pavarotti diretto da Ron Howard.

Nella sezione Incontri Ravvicinati invece si segnalano nomi come Viola Davis e Bill Burray, con entrambi gli attori che riceveranno il Premio alla carriera, Fanny Ardant, Olivier Assayas, Benicio Del Toro, Ethan Coen, John Travolta e molto altro.

PRE-APERTURA

Jesus Rolls di John Turturro

FILM D’APERTURA

Motherless Brooklyn di Edward Norton

SELEZIONE UFFICIALE

438 Dagar di Jesper Ganslandt

1982 di Oualid Mouaness

The Aeronauts di Tom Harper

Antigone di Sophie Deraspe

Deux – Two Of Us di Filippo Meneghetti

Downton Abbey di Michael Engler

Drowning di Melora Walters

The Farewell di Lulu Wang

Fete De Famille – Happy Birthday di Cedric Kahn

Honey Boy di Alma Har’el

Hustlers – Le ragazze di Wall Street di Lorene Scafaria

The Irishman di Martin Scorsese

Judy di Rupert Goold

Kohtunik – Your Honor di Andres Puustusmaa

Il ladro di giorni di Guido Lombardi

Le Meilleur Reste a Venir di Matthieu Delaporte, Alexandre de La Patelliere

Military Wives di Peter Cattaneo

Mytify: Michael Hutchence di Richard Lowenstein

Nomad. In the footsteps of bruce Chatwin di Werner Herzog

On Air di Manno Lanssens

Pavarotti di Ron Howard

Rewind di Sasha Joseph Neulinger

Santa Subito di Alessandro Piva

Run with the hunted di John Swab

Scary stories to tell in the dark di André Ovredal

Tantas Almas – Valley of Souls di Nicolas Rincon Gille

Trois jours et une vie di Nicolas Boukhrief

Vrba – Willow di Milcho Manchevski

Waves di Trey Edward Shults

Western Stars di Thom Zimny, Bruce Springsteen

Where’s my Roy Cohn? di Matt Tyrnauer

Your mum and dad di Klaartje Quirinjns

TUTTI NE PARLANO

La Belle Eopque di Nicolas Bedos

Share di Pippa Bianco

The vast of Night di Andrew Patterson

INCONTRI RAVVICINATI

Bill Murray

Viola Davis

Fanny Ardant

Olivier Assayas

Ethan Coen

Benicio Del Toro

Bret Easton Ellis

Ron Howard

Kore-Eda Hirokazu

Edward Norton

Bertrand Tavernier

John Travolta

Jia Zhabgke e Zhao Tao

Cinefilos.it – Da chi il cinema lo ama.

Festa del cinema di Roma 2019: il programma ufficiale

Cinefilos.it – Da chi il cinema lo ama.

Cecilia Strazza

#News da web

0 notes

engenheiragabi · 5 years

Text

Ruivo acobreado: inspirações e dicas para chegar nesse tom maravilhoso

Mudar a cor dos fios é uma das formas de transformar as madeixas e dar aquele up no visual. Assim como na moda convencional, temos os tons do ano e as cores de cabelo que já são sucesso entre as celebridades e as blogueiras. As tendências de cores de cabelo de 2019 são variadas, desde o castanho escuro para as morenas até o blorange para quem adora um cabelo colorido.

Separamos 200 fotos das apostas de cores de cabelo de 2019 para você se inspirar e transformar já o visual. Confira:

Índice do conteúdo:

Cores de cabelo 2019: tendências

Cores de cabelo 2019: loiras

Cores de cabelo 2019: morenas

Cores de cabelo 2019: ruivas

Cores de cabelo colorido 2019

Cores de cabelo 2019: tendências

Para você ficar por dentro dos tons do ano, confira nossa seleção das 30 tendências de cores de cabelo de 2019. Há colorações para diversos tipos de fios e cortes variados.

Tyla Lauren

Sabrina Sato

Carla Lemos

Giordana Serrano

Gabi Brandt

Taís Araujo

Iza

Micah Gianelli

Leighanne Pinnock

Camila queiroz

mari Maria

Thássia Naves

Luanna

Karol Pinheiro

Nina Secrets

Giovanna Antonelli

Thaila Ayala

Fiorella Mattheis

Carina Soares

Rayza Nicácio

Carina Soares

Vanessa Hudgens

Lucy Hale

Nah Cardoso

Sophia Abrahão

Camila Coelho

Giovanna Ewbank

Izabel Goulart

Bruna Marquezine

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Os tons de cabelo de 2019 são variados e agradam gostos diversos. Para as discretas, a dica é apostar em um tom castanho escuro, com cara de natural. Já para as ousadas, que tal deixar os fios bem coloridos e cheios de atitude?

Leia também: Cabelo vermelho: saiba como cuidar, pintar e escolha seu tom favorito

Cores de cabelo 2019: loiras

O loiro acinzentado e os tons de dourado são as apostas de 2019. O loiro de raiz escura, com bastante contraste entre os fios continua em alta e é mais fácil de manter. Confira:

Khloe N

Maraisa Fidelis

Katy Perry

dervscurls

Jana Taffarel

Julia Tedesco

Renata Uchoa

Gabi Brandt

Marcos Proença

Gisele Bundchen

Alanis Lisboa

intoyourcloset

Mariana Andrade

Ayda Williams

Helena Bordon

Caroline Viee

Gabi Fresh

alex Michael May

Ana Furtado

Fernanda Keulla

Sandy

Carol Tognon

Rayza Nicácio

Hayley Kiyoko

dani Song

Stella Maxwell

Hailey Bieber

Zara Larsson

Gigi Hadid

Chloe Nelson

Carol Mamprin

Angelicaksy

Grazi Massafera

Luisa Sonza

Yasmin Brunet

Saxarna Pitea

Constance Wu

Chiara Ferragni

Nikkietutorials

Nina Secrets

Belaya Lyudmila

Rachel Martino

Lily James

Carol Tognon

Beyonce

Layla Monteiro

Flamcis

Kylie Jenner

Perrie Edwards

Cores de cabelo 2019: morenas

Giovanna Ferrarezi

Negin Mirsalehi

Bianca Andrade

Debora Alcantara

Lily Collins

Shay Mitchell

Fernanda Vasconcelos

Kim Kardashian

Julia Konrad

Songofstyle

Camila Coutinho

Jade Seba

Julia Rodrigues

Leticia Luger

Syana Lanyian

Lu Ferreira

Ana Lidia Lopes

Luciellen Assis

Mari Saad

Juliana Paes

Isabeli Fontana

Duda Fernandes

Nicolette Mason

Lana Condor

Lucy Hale

khloe N.

Jad Thirlwall

Alessandra Ambrosio

Zendaya

Kate Ogata

Annabelle Fleur

Kaia Gerber

Khloe N.

Jameela Jamil

Natasha Ndlovu

Khloe N

Tiere Christyán

Cheyenne Maya

Kelly Augustine

Patricia de jesus

Thalita Zukeram

Nina Gabriella

Tashi Rodrigues

Brittany Xavier

Erika Hius

Alice Wegmann

Sophia Chang

Kylie Jenner

Jordyn Woods

Mariana Sampaio

O cabelo castanho é uma ótima alternativa para quem ama praticidade, já que os fios escuros são mais fáceis de manter. Já tem um tom favorito?

Cores de cabelo 2019: ruivas

Os tons de ruivo continuam em alta em 2019. Além das colorações que se aproximam do natural, as apostas são os ruivos fechados, mais escuros e discretos e também os mais claros, bem alaranjados e que puxam para o loiro.

Leia também: Castanho acobreado: 40 ideias e como alcançar esse tom clássico e elegante

Janibell

Marina Ruy Barbosa

Vitória Souza

Isabella Trad

Ju Romano

Mari Maria

Ana Clara

Jessica Chastain

Miçary Ruiz

Clara Amalfi

Jesy Nelson

Leticia Colin

Ellora Haonne

Sophia Abrahão

Lissa Hamada

Nadia Schmidt

Dayna Bolden

Viih Tube

Pam Melchiades

Fashion Coolture

Jéssica Lopes

Sarah Olveira

Cláudia Raia

Mariana Ximenes

Valentine Vanesse

Luanna

Bruna Vieira

espairecida

Bella Victoria

Gleici Duarte

Thais Farage

Juliana Santos

Julia Cançado

Katherine McNamara

Melzih

Ana Cristina Ribeiro

ana pit

Malu Rodrigues

Sydnieslittleworld

Thais Gomez

Cores de cabelo colorido 2019

E se você adora mudar a cor com frequência, que tal começar o ano com um cabelo colorido? O tom de destque do ano é o blorange, entre o loiro e o laranja. Outras apostas de 2019 são: os tons de unicórnio, as tintas neon, o marsala e o millennial pink. Confira:

Khloe N.

Khloe n

Magá Moura

Linday Liem

Aysha Sow

Nyané

Lucy Hale

Nataly Neri

Carla Diaz

Khloe N.

Melody & Michael Lowenstein

nealm hair

Niina Secrets

Karen Bachini

Nah Cardoso

Kaileesmileyhair

Courtney Gann

Nathan Flippo

Tanja Unrau

Fernanda Ly

Francislola

Bianca Matos

Bianca Costa

Nadya Duarte

Irene illusion

Sayuri Yamagishi

O post Ruivo acobreado: inspirações e dicas para chegar nesse tom maravilhoso apareceu primeiro em Dicas de Mulher.

Ruivo acobreado: inspirações e dicas para chegar nesse tom maravilhoso Publicado primeiro em https://www.dicasdemulher.com.br

Este conteúdo apareceu primeiro em : https://ift.tt/2x3P6jc

0 notes

whittlebaggett8 · 5 years

Text

How the US Can Win Its Trade War With China

Are trade wars “good, and effortless to get,” as President Donald Trump set it final year? Most mainstream economists and overseas coverage analysts respond to with a resounding “no.” Citing dire analogies these types of as the Wonderful Depression and Pearl Harbor, they denounce Trump’s trade policy as ignorant toward the rules of free-trade economics, and fraught with security hazards. Both the United States and China will lose, critics alert.

Nonetheless a a lot more complete overview of the historical history reveals a successful playbook for the White House, supplied that it devises obvious, minimal aims it deems achievable by way of targeted steps and negotiations, and avoids presenting China’s leadership with a binary alternative of complete, humiliating surrender or forceful, even violent retaliation.

The American Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act of 1930 has turn into the default worst-case analogy for macroeconomic analysts, substantially as the Munich Agreement has develop into for safety analysts. A protectionist wave unleashed by the devastating 1929 U.S. stock current market crash paved the way for Smoot-Hawley’s passage into American legislation. The resulting trade war lowered entire world trade by 66 percent amongst 1929 and 1934. World economic situations fast deteriorated, and the political fortunes of hazardous populist, nationalist, and even fascist leaders rose.

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Another distressing illustration of a trade war gone disastrously mistaken comes from the cascade of gatherings that led to the Pearl Harbor assault of 1941. To punish Japan for its military aggression from its neighbors in the 1930s, the United States imposed an embargo on exports of high-quality scrap iron and aviation fuel to Japan. When these steps failed to end Japan’s aggression, Washington ratcheted up its embargo to include things like necessary raw components such as iron, brass, copper, and, fatefully, oil.

Faced with a threatening military competitor and a collapsing Asian safety buy, these actions appeared to symbolize a somewhat safe and sound way to punish and prevent Japan. But the August 1941 oil embargo proved to be the proverbial past straw. Eighty per cent of Japan’s oil came from the United States without having being familiar with what it had done, the Franklin Roosevelt administration essentially compelled Japan to pick out in between capitulation and conflict.

Backed into a corner, Japan’s ambassador informed Washington on December 2, 1941, “The Japanese folks imagine … that they are being placed beneath critical force by the United States to generate to the American situation and that it is preferable to struggle fairly than to generate to pressure.” Back again in Tokyo, desperate Japanese leaders authorised a plan to produce a preemptive “knockout blow” at the American naval foundation at Pearl Harbor. A trade war as a result brought The us into Entire world War II.

Having said that, the 1930s must not be policymakers’ only analogy. Trade wars do not necessarily consequence in very hot wars, as the far more modern heritage of trade conflicts propose the possibility of other, even favourable results.

In August 1971, U.S. President Richard Nixon observed his nation less than force from foreign central financial institutions and displeased with a trade deficit stemming from the large value of U.S. exports. As journalist Roger Lowenstein notes, then-Treasury Secretary John Connally “saw these different financial trials — inflation, the strain on the dollar, the mounting trade deficit — as affronts to the countrywide honor.”

In response, Nixon abruptly finished the U.S. dollar’s convertibility to gold, jeopardizing the full postwar Bretton Woods world-wide monetary program. At the same time, he instituted a 90-working day freeze on wages and rates and placed a 10 per cent surcharge on imports “to make certain that American products will not be at a disadvantage because of unfair trade premiums.” Like Trump, Nixon took these steps without the need of informing U.S. allies and risked retaliatory actions, sparking a global outcry.

As transpired during what became regarded as the “Nixon Shock,” economists now label the Trump administration’s guidelines as lousy economics, not recognizing the politics concerned that preoccupy policymakers. As Lowenstein puts it, “[E]conomics didn’t matter to Connally what counted was a forceful show of ability.” Even the New York Instances editorial board, fairly in contrast to right now in response to Trump, praised Nixon’s “New Financial Plan,” creating: “We unhesitatingly applaud the boldness with which the President has moved on all financial fronts.”

Currently, as the scholar Edward Alden argues, “The United States is much less dominant economically than it was in 1971 U.S. allies are significantly less well prepared to accept the legitimacy of President Trump’s issues and the Trump staff is far considerably less qualified and knowledgeable than have been Nixon’s advisers, who provided Paul Volcker, Pete Peterson, Robert Hormats and Henry Kissinger.” Not to mention the fact that Nixon’s abandonment of gold convertibility most probable played a purpose in causing the soaring inflation of the later 1970s.

Nonetheless in equally episodes the president was obsessed with righting America’s trade equilibrium, and Trump’s trade actions nowadays could generate final results not wholly dissimilar from these manufactured in 1971. Back again then, with the U.S. dollar as the world’s reserve currency, foreign functions selected not to risk extended-time period escalation, as a substitute opting to negotiate with the Nixon administration. This shortly led to the December 1971 Smithsonian Settlement, which shifted trade costs in America’s favor.

When today’s exchange fees are not set and hence cannot be as quickly adjusted, other concessions on trade could be garnered to increase U.S. exports. The Smithsonian Arrangement failed to treatment all of Nixon’s grievances, and certainly the whole Bretton Woods technique collapsed soon later on. But no less a thinker than the foreseeable future legendary Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker — who was undersecretary of the treasury for financial affairs under Nixon — supported the rash action, telling an interviewer in 2000 that Nixon’s ending of the Bretton Woods process was “a vital transitional move.” And the approach proved preferred at dwelling.

Just above a 10 years later, fears around Japanese financial and industrial plan and a ballooning trade deficit prompted the Ronald Reagan administration to choose concrete actions focusing on Japan, using area 301 of the U.S. Trade Act of 1974 to place tariffs on Japanese imports — the similar evaluate used in opposition to China right now. And as with the Trump administration with regards to the Chinese telecommunications organization ZTE previous year, the United States cited nationwide protection considerations with Toshiba. In defiance of U.S. sanctions, ZTE offered navy quality machines to Iran and North Korea Toshiba experienced violated preceding agreements with the United States by marketing engineering to the Soviet Union that was valuable for its creation of superior submarines.

Japan caved to the tension, as U.S. negotiators secured the multilateral Plaza Accord of 1985, which devalued the dollar towards the yen and rendered U.S. exports to Japan drastically extra aggressive. The U.S. Congress then went more in 1987, imposing import limits on Japanese electronics, such as Toshiba solutions. In response, Tokyo agreed to steps created to cut down Japanese exports of steel and vehicles to the U.S. industry, improve U.S. imports to Japan, and eliminate barriers to entry for American corporations in Japan.

What Trump can learn from his fellow Republican predecessors is that White House-initiated trade wars do not automatically conclude in disaster. Aggressive trade measures can compel opposing parties to provide authentic concessions, and even set the world financial system on a lot more sustainable footing. The Plaza Accord coincided with the negotiations that led to the generation of the Planet Trade Corporation, a key earn for an open and guidelines-based mostly world financial purchase.

It is thus not out of the question that Trump’s tariffs on Chinese imports could outcome in substantive “wins” for the U.S. financial system in the kind of improved Chinese buys of American exports, the ban of compelled technology transfers, and stronger Chinese mental residence legislation. Nixon and Reagan’s experiences illustrate this risk, however also reveal the minimal character of trade wars’ upside. In neither case did the United States obtain every little thing it wanted. Even aggressive action could not absolutely alter supposedly unfair financial associations that U.S. policymakers sought to redefine, as trade deficits persisted.

The Trump administration can understand from the recent background of trade conflict by acknowledging that bold, unilateral motion does not current some novel threat to the principles-based mostly get. It has a great deal of precedent in an arena wherever nations around the world search for to each guarantee mutual reward and safe person benefit. At the exact same time, Trump is not likely to get the uncomplicated victory he seeks. At ideal, he will get there at a marginally enhanced end result established not by bluster, but by strategic, really serious negotiations. But U.S.-China trade are unable to very easily be isolated from the developing countrywide protection concerns that a wide and bipartisan group in Washington has established forth concerning China. Economics does not obtain an exemption from the threatening dynamics of geopolitical levels of competition.

Last but not least, Trump and his advisers really should have an understanding of the want to devise very clear, minimal aims that they deem achievable through targeted actions and negotiations. They should really identify and pick policies sharp ample to make concessions, but restrained sufficient to stay away from presenting the Chinese management with a binary selection of facial area-dropping surrender or vicious retaliation. If the Trump administration as a substitute goes following a symbolic, total victory, The united states may well come across alone forced to take an embarrassing defeat.

Arjun Kapur is a Schwarzman Scholar at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.

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Pharma industry shuns Trump push for radical shift at FDA | Reuters

U.S. President Donald Trump’s vow to roll back government regulations at least 75 percent is causing anxiety for some pharmaceutical executives that a less robust Food and Drug Administration would make it harder to secure insurance coverage for pricey new medicines.

The prospect of big change at the regulatory agency comes as drugmakers are under fire for high prices, including Marathon Pharmaceuticals LLC, which said Monday it was “pausing” the launch of its Duchenne muscular dystrophy drug after U.S. lawmakers questioned its $89,000 a year price.

Industry trade group Biotechnology Innovation Organization told Reuters that during high-level discussions with Trump advisors, lobbyists urged the administration not to name a new commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration who would act rashly to speed up the agency’s approval of new medicines.

That sentiment was echoed by executives at more than a dozen pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms, who told Reuters that the FDA is already adopting new drug development models and warned that a looser review process would put patients at risk.

“People often argue that the FDA is too restrictive,” said Roger Perlmutter, head of research and development at Merck & Co Inc. “We have the sense that the balance is pretty right … you have to have a well-characterized risk/benefit profile.”

That stance underscores the unique position the drug industry finds itself in when it comes to regulating its products. While most sectors welcome less oversight, drugmakers say a robust review process is critical in convincing physicians and insurers that a pricey new medicine has value.

Otherwise, the time and money it takes to get a new drug to market – estimates run as high as $2.6 billion – would be lost if insurers are not willing to pay for the product.

“It is great that the administration is seeking deregulation … to make sure the private sector can be more competitive,” said John Maraganore, chief executive officer at Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Inc and co-chair of BIO’s regulatory committee. “But payers are looking for evidence of value.”

He said the FDA should speed the approval of lower cost generic versions of drugs that have lost patent protection, but warned that allowing novel products to be launched without extensive testing could be dangerous.

“Any change at the FDA that allows drugs to be tried out on patients without clinical evidence is a damaging approach,” said Jeremy Levin, chief executive officer at Ovid Therapeutics Inc., which is developing drugs for rare diseases.

Health insurers are pushing back against high-priced drugs. Sales of expensive new cholesterol drugs from Amgen Inc and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc have stalled as insurers limit coverage until they see results of trials designed to prove that the drugs significantly lower the risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular crises.

“It is one thing to get a drug approved, but you have got to get reimbursed,” said Paul Perreault, CEO at biotech company CSL Ltd, adding that won’t happen unless payers see proof that a new drug is better than what is already available.

To be sure, some pharmaceutical executives have been vocal about the need for deregulation. Reducing regulation “will help with drug prices, because it will induce more competition,” Pfizer Inc CEO Ian Read said on a recent conference call.

After top executives at Merck, Johnson & Johnson and others met at the White House last month with Trump, who pledged to “streamline” the FDA, industry trade group Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America said the meeting found common ground such as tax reform, and removal of outdated regulations. The trade group declined to comment on changes at the FDA.

The prospect of a shake-up at the FDA is being welcomed by a new class of investor with ambitions to disrupt the current drug development model, in which larger pharmaceutical players often buy or license early-stage medicines, and reap the bigger rewards if they succeed.

“The system we have now has its roots 50, 60 even 70 years ago … it has become incredibly expensive,” said Tim Shannon, of venture capital firm Canaan Partners.

He supports the notion that some prescription medications could reach the market, possibly at discounted prices, once testing shows they are safe. If such controlled usage indicates that they are also effective, prices could then be raised.

“We want to make healthcare itself more efficient,” he said. “Let the marketplace decide how valuable a drug is.”

The fate of deregulating the FDA will be driven by its next commissioner. President Trump said last month he has a “fantastic person” lined up for the role.

Candidates, according to sources close to the administration, include former FDA staffer Scott Gottlieb, and Jim O’Neill, a colleague of Trump supporter Peter Thiel who has advocated for allowing some medicines to reach the market once they are shown to be safe, even if there is scant evidence that they work.

A recent survey of drug company executives conducted by Mizuho Securities found that 72 percent said Gottlieb should be Trump’s pick to head the FDA.

“There is no groundswell of movement for change,” said attorney Jim Shehan, head of Lowenstein Sandler’s FDA regulatory practice. “The industry likes certainty.”

(Editing by Edward Tobin)

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