#cistercian order

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (August 20)

On August 20, the Church celebrates the feast day of St. Bernard of Clairvaux, a Doctor of the Church — thanks to his writings and sermons, which greatly influenced Europe during the 12th century, and his numerous efforts, which helped to avoid a schism in the Church in 1130.

He was the co-founder of the Knights Templar and a major leader in the reformation of the Benedictine Order through the nascent Cistercian Order.

Born in 1090, Bernard spent his early years near Dijon, France, before leaving to joining the Cistercians at the age of 22.

He was well educated and so passionate about his faith that he convinced his brothers, his uncle, and many of his friends to join him at the abbey.

Bernard first entered the abbey at Citeaux. Three years later, he was sent with 12 other monks to establish another monastery in the Diocese of Champagne.

The monastery came to be known Clairvaux (Valley of Light). He led the other monks there as the abbot for the rest of his life.

St. Bernard knew how to harmonize the contemplative life with important missionary work, as the Pope noted in 2006.

However, the saint’s strict observance of silence and contemplation did not impede him from living a very intense apostolic life.

His humility and his commitment to tame his impetuous temperament were exemplary, he said.

The Pope also highlighted the saint’s focus on the truth that God, who is love, created mankind out of love and that man’s salvation consists of adhering firmly to Divine love, revealed through the crucified and risen Christ.

“The richness of St. Bernard’s preaching and his theology were not in pursuing new paths,” the Pope said, “but in succeeding to propose the truth of the faith in a clear and incisive way so as to fascinate the listener and lead the person to prayer.”

St. Bernard is also well-known for his Marian devotion, especially in using and promoting the "Memorare" prayer.

He became widely known throughout Europe and was consulted by Popes and political leaders.

He died on 20 August 1153.

He was canonized less than three decades later on 18 January 1174 by Pope Alexander III.

In August 2008, Pope Benedict XVI spoke of the saint during his weekly general audience.

He recalled that Pope Pius VIII labeled the “Honey-Sweet Doctor” for his eloquence and that he traveled throughout Europe defending the Christian faith.

Benedict XVI added:

“He was also remembered as a Doctor of Mariology, not because he wrote extensively on Our Lady, but because he understood her essential role in the Church, presenting her as the perfect model of the monastic life and of every other form of the Christian life.”

#Saint of the Day #St. Bernard of Clairvaux #Knights Templar #Benedictine Order #Cistercian Order #Memorare prayer

[eugaenia]

I think it's remarkable that even Bernard of Clairvaux's biographer felt the need to comment on the impact of Bernard's pressure on his favourite people to follow him into the monastic calling. Allegedly, whenever Bernard appeared, "mothers hid their sons from him, wives kept their husbands away from him, and friends fended off their friends from him."

It's just so freaking funny to imagine everyone being like "Oh, Bernard's coming, -"

#bernard of clairvaux #st bernard #medieval monks #12th century #history meme #cistercians #cistercian order #monkposting

[cesarecitypilgrim]

Chi sono i cistercensi/Who are the Cistercians

Il termine cistercense è molto familiare per che si occupa di storia religiosa, architettura o economia. I monaci che portano questo nome infatti furono dei veri innovatori in ognuno di queste discipline. Ma cosa significa cistercense? Il nome deriva dal luogo in cui nel 1089 un monaco ribelle decise di isolarsi per iniziare una nuova esperienza religiosa. Quel luogo, allora un angolo remoto e…

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#chi sono i cistercensi #cistercense #Cistercensi #cistercians #cistercians order #frate cistercense #monaci cistercensi #ordien cistercense

[clancarruthers]

BAILE NAN TRODACH - TEMPLE SCOTLAND - CLAN CARRUTHERS CCIS

Temple (Scottish Gaelic: Baile nan Trodach) is a village and civil parish in Midlothian, Scotland. Situated to the south of Edinburgh, the village lies on the east bank of the river South Esk.   The civil parish has a population of 225 (in 2011).   The name “Temple” refers to its historical connection to the Knights Templar. In 1237, the town name was recorded as “Ballentrodoch”, from…

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#Ancient and Honorable Society of Carruthers Clan Int LLC #ballentrodoch #Carruthers #Carruthers Clan #chapelry #cistercian monks and priests #Clan Carruthers #edinburgh #Knights Templar #midlothian #morfoot #newbattle abbey #Scotland #south esk #temple #the order of St John

[astonmartinii]

you and me got a whole lotta history | charles leclerc social media au

pairing: charles leclerc x historian!reader

y/n is a historian and it’s not her fault her bf’s job takes him all around the world…

yourusername

liked by charles_leclerc, danielricciardo and 102,561 others

location: melbourne 📍

yourusername: so it’s the australian grand prix and i’ve spent the start of the week exploring this old city. one of my stops was the historic old melbourne gaol. this now museum was once a prison that housed some of the most feared criminals in australian history. constructed in 1839, the old melbourne gaol saw 133 hanged for their crimes between 1845 and 1924. it was briefly used during world war two but ceased operation as a prison in 1924 and was renovated to be part of the RMIT university and the museum it is today. a definite must if you’re visiting melbourne !!

view all comments

user1: my fave part of the race week is y/n’s museum recommendations tbf

user2: i can vision charles being dragged around this place hating his life

charles_leclerc: the things we do for love

yourusername: you said you enjoyed it :(

charles_leclerc: I DID

user2: oops

yourusername: i’ll leave you at the hotel next time

charles_leclerc: it was scary but i enjoyed it because i was with you

yourusername: okay that’s better

danielricciardo: so my farm isn’t good enough for you

yourusername: noooooo danny i thought we were going after the race?

danielricciardo: oof my bad

user3: petition for there to be a teds notebook but it’s y/n giving us a historical guide to the city the race is in

f1: we’re listening @skysportsf1

charles_leclerc

liked by yourusername, scuderica ferrari and 788,341 others

tagged: yourusername

charles_leclerc: tough race in melbourne but a beautiful city regardless

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user4: HE served, we don’t talk about the race

yourusername: i don’t mean to say i told you so but i did say our day trip would be the best part

user5: girl you’re gonna get banned from the ferrari garage

yourusername: they deserve far worse than what i’m saying let’s be real

user5: true

user6: i love how charles didn’t reply ferrari has his ass ON LOCK

carlossainz55: we'll come back stronger

danielricciardo: we can all commiserate at my farm bro

charles_leclerc: your farm better be as good as you're saying now

danielricciardo: nervously awaiting the y/n review

yourusername

liked by charles_leclerc, maxverstappen1 and 104,561 others

location: miami 📍

yourusername: though miami may be known for it's partying (it's all about the U), charles and i took our monday to take a stroll around st bernard de clairvaux church, one of miami's hidden gems. the church was originally built in spain all the way back in 1141 to the style of cistercian romanesque architecture for alfonso vii. the monastry's cloister was illegally purchased by american william randolph hearst in 1926 and in order for the church to be transported it was dismantled to 11,000 pieces and sent to the us where it was rebuilt and still stands to this day.

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user7: i'm never gonna be able to afford to go to miami so why did i read this whole thing like i'll visit some day?

yourusername: history is important and interesting, always good to read even if you never visit !!

user8: she's like the older sister i never had

user9: did charles enjoy this one more?

yourusername: "at least i'll get a tan here"

charles_leclerc: i feel like anyone who reads about me in your comments will think i'm an asshole, i have fun every time i just don't understand most of it

yourusername: i know you have fun baby (and i love you for driving us to all of these places)

user10: have you considered our super historic frat house this saturday night?

user11: imagine thinking you have a chance when her literal boyf is CHARLES LECLERC

user10: every goal has a goalkeeper doesn't mean you can't score

charles_leclerc: i will run you over

user12: omg ferrari's pr is quaking

yourusername

liked by charles_leclerc, lancestroll and 112,677 others

yourusername: it is my biggest honour to announce my position as a history lecturer here at oxford!! i always dreamed of studying here and to get to pass on my knowledge to those looking to follow in my footsteps is a huge pleasure and responsibility.

p.s. no worries, it is not full time so race week explorations will continue.

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user13: so it was true :(((((( wait i just read the whole post my bad

user14: so i guess i now need to turn my Cs into As if i wanna attend a y/n lecture

charles_leclerc: unbelievably proud of you my love - don't miss me too much

yourusername: you sure i can't persuade you to move to england with me :(

charles_leclerc: i'll be there as much as i can be but monaco is still our home

yourusername: always

landonorris: proud of you smarty pants

yourusername: thank you landito

landonorris: so you'll now root for the brits?

charles_leclerc: over my dead body

yourusername: what charlie said

charles_leclerc

liked by pierregasly, yourusername and 1,209,778 others

tagged: yourusername

charles_leclerc: super happy for another win for the season but we keep pushing for the real prize at the end of the season - thank you for your continued support tifosi and my love y/n who stayed up all the way in oxford ❤️

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user20: i don't wanna jinx it but like the season is going well

user21: too well....

yourusername: winning looks good on you

charles_leclerc: you look better on me

pierregasly: oh god you've been apart for a triple header and now you're being horny on main

yourusername: says mr. doggy emoji

pierregasly: touche

user22: so charles can mathematically win in either austin or brazil FUCK THEM KIDS I NEED Y/N AT THESE RACES

user23: if she's not there for charles wdc i am personally going to have a sleepover on the train tracks

yourusername added to their story

yourusername

liked by charles_leclerc, lewishamilton and 503,786 others

tagged: charles_leclerc

yourusername: the autodromo jose carlos pace is the crown jewel of the interlagos neighbourhood. the circuit opened 83 years ago and has hosted the f1 since 1972. the circuit was originally meant to be a housing area but due to the 1929 stock market crash the owners decided to construct a racing track instead. interlagos is often a season decider with fernando alonso winning both his 2005 and 2006 titles here, kimi raikkonen winning the 2007 championship here, lewis hamilton won the 2008 championship here, jenson button clinched the 2009 title here and CHARLES LECLERC WON HIS FIRST TITLE HERE IN INTERLAGOS FOR THE 2023 SEASON

on a real note i am so proud of you charles, i have seen the sacrifices you have made and the unbelievable amount of effort you pour into every facet of your racing NO ONE deserves this more than you. i am so grateful to have shared this moment with you, here's to many more xxx

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user26: i am unwell this is so fucking cute

user27: bro this is so fucking crazy

charles_leclerc: couldn't have done it without you, so glad you could be there for me xx

yourusername: always charlie xx

yourstudent: miss y/n you can cancel all of our lectures if charles wins the championship again FORZA FERRARI

charles_leclerc: the people have spoken

user28: insane butterfly effect of the wall street crash to charles leclerc 2023 wdc

user29: they make me believe in love

note: this was super random but popped into my head while at work and i knew i had to write it !! hope you enjoyed xx

#f1 imagine #f1 x reader #f1 instagram au #f1 x you #f1 #charles leclerc imagine #charles leclerc x reader #charles leclerc #charles leclerc instagram edit #charles leclerc instagram au #charles leclerc x you

[failchild]

🙏🏻 friar-burkhart Follow

Cannot believe the Cistercians lost to the gluttonous Benedictines when they are clearly the one true followers of Saint Benedict and his Rule. These are impious times

🍷 proverbs31-6 Follow

"one true followers of saint benedict" don't you mean the trappists lmao

⛪️ abbotofkempton Follow

This entire bracket is blasphemous...may He send every soul who casts a vote down to the eternal flames of Hell!

🥣 pottagehaver Follow

franciscan sweep

🌌 compline-blogging Follow

Franciscan sweep

[urbanrelics]

VAL BENOIT

The Val Benoit university site is an architectural complex in modernist style. It owes its name to the fact that an abbey of the Cistercian order was once located on this site. Founded in the 13th century, it was partly demolished as a result of the Liège Revolution. During the Second World War, what remained of it was destroyed by bombing.

The majestic main entrance hall, with its many staricases seemingly leading everywhere is truly spectacular.

Between 1930 and 1965, the University of Liège looked for expansion opportunities due to the increase in students. That is why she built a number of new faculties here. This institute for applied chemistry and metallurgy was one of them. The building was inaugurated in 1937 in the presence of Leopold III. From 1967 onwards, the university systematically moved to the new, central site in Sart-Tilman.

As of 2006, the Val Benoit campus was completely abandoned. Since 2013, works have been underway to rehabilitate the entire campus. Part will be occupied by companies and another part will be converted into student housing.

#urban exploration #urbex #abandoned #urban relics #decay #derelict #abandoned places #ue #photography #urbanexploration #urbexpeople #urbexplaces #urbexworld #urbexphotography #education #abandoned addiction #abandoned buildings #university #val benoit #belgium

[useless-catalanfacts]

Royal Monastery of Santa Maria de la Valldigna in Simat de la Valldigna, Central Valencian Country.

This monastery was founded in 1298 by James II "The Just", King of the Crown of Aragon. Since then, the monastery has been extended and remodelled several times. In the 14th century, the complete structure of the complex was formed, with the cloister as the centre according to the canons of the Cistercian order and following the precepts of Gothic architecture. After an earthquake in 1644, a final major renovation took place, with new or completely rebuilt Baroque-style buildings.

Photos and text from Comunitat Valenciana.

#santa maria de la valldigna #reial monestir de santa maria de la valldigna #simat de la valldigna #país valencià #fotografia #història #history #travel #historical #travel photography #photography #baroque #art history #1600s #valencian country #europe #southern europe #wanderlust #arts

[city-of-ladies]

"Garsenda was born into nobility around CE 1200 in Provence, France. She was the daughter and granddaughter of two strong-willed women who shared her name. Her mother, Garsenda, Countess of Provence and Forcalquier, was a troubadour in her own right. Her father was Alfonso II, Count of Provence, second son of the King of Aragon (whose territories stretched across much of Northeastern Spain and southwest France), and Count of Barcelona and Provence. Garsenda’s marriage in 1220 to Guillem de Montcada, soon to be Viscount of Béarn, connected her to powerful families on both sides of the Pyrenees. In short, she was a powerful woman from a line of powerful women.

But as we well know, nobility doesn’t insulate people from all tragedy. At age nine, Garsenda lost her father, Alfonso, Count of Provence. Alfonso’s death prompted her mother to execute a legal agreement to protect both of her children’s inheritance from other Provençal nobles—including family members—who had designs on their titles. Within a few years, the Albigensian Wars raged throughout Occitania and Provence, and the family of three was forced to flee from Provence to Catalonia, in what is now Spain, for safety.

Tragedy struck Garsenda again in 1229, when her husband was killed in a campaign to conquer Majorca. Guillem’s death left Garsenda with the personal responsibility of caring for their two young children, Constança and Gastó. At the same time, Garsenda was thrust into a very public role when she was forced to contend with the crushing debts left by her husband and parents-in-law when they died. She also had to defend her title to lands on both sides of the Pyrenees mountains—stretching all the way from Aquitaine and Gascony in the west to Majorca in the east. Ambitious men were as eager for her to make good on her husband’s debts as they were to seize control of her lands. Against those odds, Garsenda rose to the occasion. There she was, a young widow with two toddlers who had to face down dozens and dozens of the kingdom’s most powerful men, who were demanding immediate repayment of her husband’s and debts. The wolves were at the gates.

She knew how to play the game. First, she petitioned the king. With support from King Jaime I of Aragon, Garsenda was able to temporarily suspend all financial claims in order to protect assets and titles belonging to her and her children. Lodged among the surviving parchments from the era of King Jaime, now held in the Archive of the Crown of Aragon in Barcelona, are more than 100 individual charters from around 1230-1258 that give us insight into the scope of Garsenda’s actions.

From Garsenda’s surviving charters we find that she assembled a team of advisers, drawn from among Cistercian monks at Santes Creus (a monastery that still stands in Catalonia). These monks became her financial advisers. They helped her assess her debts and apportion payments to her creditors until those debts were satisfied or forgiven. We find in the archives legal agreements that she executed throughout her life on her own behalf.In others, she worked through agents charged with carrying out her direct orders.This is significant. Her dealings over nearly forty years challenge the perception that medieval women lacked agency in their own legal affairs. If women were not allowed agency, nobody told Garsenda about it.

Her plans were so successful that within four years of her husband’s death, Garsenda’s finances had recovered enough for her to make a major donation to reinvigorate a struggling Barcelona convent, Santa Maria de Jonqueres. She would remain involved with that convent, as well as another local one, for the rest of her life. After dispensing with her debts in Catalonia, Garsenda turned to her other problems, namely, her son’s considerable claims to lordships and territories in France and Spain. In order to protect his interests, especially in and around Béarn, she relocated to its capital at Orthez (Ortés). It was there that she established a base of operations for political negotiations. She negotiated with nearly everyone of note: the kings of France, Navarre, Castile, and England, as well as bishops, leaders of religious communities, and local officials. She also ensured her own physical safety by reinforcing the castle there. Even as her son reached the age of majority and could rule in his own name, Garsenda never stepped away from center stage as “countess and viscountess of Béarn.”

#history #women in history #garsenda of provence #france #french history #spain #13th century #middle ages #medieval history #medieval women

[catholic-saint-tournament]

While we await the results of St Mary Magdalene vs. St Dymphna, here's another poll for all of you!

Here are some resources to learn more about each of them:

Religious orders in pictures

Most well known religious orders

A video on religious orders

#cistercians #redemptorists #jesuits #salesians #dominicans #franciscans #missionaries of charity #benedictines #carmelites #carthusians #catholic saint tournament #catholic #catholicism #catholic saints #christianity #polls #theology #tumblr polls

[eternal-echoes]

“Archaeologists are still discovering the extent of monastic skills and technological cleverness. In the late 1990s, University of Bradford archeometallurgist Gerry McDonnell found evidence near Rievaulx Abbey in North Yorkshire, England, of a degree of technological sophistication that pointed ahead to the great machines of the eighteenth-century Industrial Revolution. Rievaulx Abbey was one of the monasteries that King Henry VIlI ordered closed in the 1530s as part of his confiscation of Church properties.) In exploring the debris of Rievaulx and Laskill (an outstation about four miles from the monastery), McDonnell found that the monks had built a furnace to extract iron from ore.

…

McDonnell believes that the monks were on the verge of building dedicated furnaces for the large-scale production of cast iron-perhaps the key ingredient that ushered in the industrial age -and that the furnace at Laskill had been a prototype of such a furnace. "One of the key things is that the Cistercians had a regular meeting of abbots every year and they had the means of sharing technological advances across Europe," he said. "The break-up of the monasteries broke up this network of technology transfer." The monks "had the potential to move to blast furnaces that produced nothing but cast iron. They were poised to do it on a large scale, but by breaking up the virtual monopoly, Henry VIII effectively broke up that potential.1”

- Thomas E. Woods Jr., Ph.D., “How the Monks Saved Civilization,” How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization

—

1. Charles Montalembert, The Monks of the West: From Saint Benedict to Saint Bernard, vol. 5 (London: Nimmo, 1896), 227.

#Catholic #Christianity #quotes #Thomas E. Woods #Western Civilization

[eugaenia]

My friends: So what is it that makes St. Bernard so special to you?

Me:

(Richard W. Kaeuper, Medieval Chivalry, Cambridge 2016, p. 289)

#deep truth #bernard of clairvaux #st bernard #12th century #medieval chivalry #cistercians #cistercian order #medieval monks #monkposting

[portraitsofsaints]

Saint Bernard of Clairvaux

Abbot and Doctor of the Church

1090 - 1153

Feast day: August 20

Patronage: Cistercians, beekeepers, candlemakers

Born near Dijon in France in 1090, Bernard entered the Cistercian Order at the age of 22; he became the Abbot of Clairvaux. Despite his longing for the solitary contemplative life, he traveled a great deal in France, Germany, and Italy, trying to reconcile the divisions in the Church at the time. He wrote many works on the spiritual life and theology.

Prints, plaques & holy cards available for purchase here: (website)

#St Bernard of clairvaux #Beekeeper saint #Cistercians #doctor of the church #catholic art

[officiallordvetinari]

Below are 10 articles randomly chosen from Wikipedia's Featured Articles list. Brief descriptions and links are below the cut.

Bride of Frankenstein is a 1935 American science fiction horror film, and the first sequel to Universal Pictures' 1931 film Frankenstein. As with the first film, Bride of Frankenstein was directed by James Whale starring Boris Karloff as the Monster and Colin Clive as Dr. Frankenstein. The sequel features Elsa Lanchester in the dual role of Mary Shelley and the bride.

Chew Stoke is a small village and civil parish in the affluent Chew Valley, in Somerset, England, about 8 miles (13 km) south of Bristol and 10 miles north of Wells. It is at the northern edge of the Mendip Hills, a region designated by the United Kingdom as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and is within the Bristol and Bath green belt.

David Hillhouse Buel Jr. (July 19, 1862 – May 23, 1923) was an American priest who served as the president of Georgetown University. A Catholic priest and Jesuit for much of his life, he later left the Jesuit order to marry, and subsequently left the Catholic Church to become an Episcopal priest.

Denbies is a large estate to the northwest of Dorking in Surrey, England. A farmhouse and surrounding land originally owned by John Denby was purchased in 1734 by Jonathan Tyers, the proprietor of Vauxhall Gardens in London, and converted into a weekend retreat. The house he built appears to have been of little architectural significance, but the Gothic garden he developed in the grounds on the theme of death achieved some notoriety, despite being short-lived.

Courbet was the lead ship of her class of four dreadnought battleships, the first ones built for the French Navy. She was completed shortly before the start of World War I in August 1914.

The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate dietary therapy that in conventional medicine is used mainly to treat hard-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children. The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.

The football match between Manchester United and Ipswich Town played at Old Trafford, Manchester, on 4 March 1995 as part of the 1994–95 FA Premier League finished in a 9–0 victory for the home team. The result stands as the joint record, with Southampton having subsequently lost by the same scoreline at home to Leicester City in 2019 and away at Manchester United in 2021, while Bournemouth also lost 9–0 to Liverpool in 2022.

M-185 is a state trunkline highway in the U.S. state of Michigan that circles Mackinac Island, a popular tourist destination on the Lake Huron side of the Straits of Mackinac, along the island's shoreline. A narrow paved road of 8.004 miles (12.881 km), it offers scenic views of the straits that divide the Upper and the Lower peninsulas of Michigan and Lakes Huron and Michigan.

Santa María de Óvila is a former Cistercian monastery built in Spain beginning in 1181 on the Tagus River near Trillo, Guadalajara, about 90 miles (140 km) northeast of Madrid. During prosperous times over the next four centuries, construction projects expanded and improved the small monastery. Its fortunes declined significantly in the 18th century, and in 1835 it was confiscated by the Spanish government and sold to private owners who used its buildings to shelter farm animals.

Sarcoscypha coccinea, commonly known as the scarlet elf cup, or the scarlet cup, is a species of fungus in the family Sarcoscyphaceae of the order Pezizales. The fungus, widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, has been found in Africa, Asia, Europe, North and South America, and Australia.

#going back to basics on this one #I'd appreciate reblogs

[didanawisgi]

“Although our ancestors stopped building temples according to the original recipe over two thousand years ago, one building in particular sought to rekindle interest in ancient spiritual traditions.

After the founding Knights Templar and Cistercians (two interrelated Orders) gleaned the secrets of sacred architecture from the Arab world, they introduced the Gothic cathedrals to Europe. Gothic comes from goetia (‘to elevate by magical force’), whose extension is goeteuein (‘to bewitch’), and alludes to a science that generates an altered state of awareness. Indeed, under certain conditions, brainwaves inside these buildings are ‘raised’ 400% above normal waking state.

Part of the formula is hardwired in the details. For example, initiates of the Chartres Mysteries School would be taken to the nearby cathedral where the knowledge would be revealed, such as the mathematics of the music scale; 32.72º (the angle of repose/gravity); 19.47º (the angle of energy upwelling on planets); and 23.3º (the mean axial tilt of the Earth).

A sermon in stone? Absolutely.”

Extracts from, Chartres: The Missing or Heretic Guide

http://invisibletemple.com/book-chartres-cathedral-guide-by-freddy-silva.html

#sacred geometry #knights templar #cistercians #Cistercian #fav #cathedral #temple #lost keys of freemasonry

[rulers-of-hungary-tournament]

ROUND 2, MATCH 7

Admin's commentary: This one is probably going to come down to people who love vs people who hate Sigismund of Luxembourg. Good thing there aren't that many Czechs among the electorate haha.

***

WHAT MY PROFESSOR OF MEDIEVAL HISTORY SAID ABOUT THEM

Zsigmond (Žigmund Luxemburský) 1387-1437

also king of Bohemia and emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, elsewhere best known from what he did to Jan Hus, but we don't have enough time to unpack that, needless to say he's responsible for the bratríks (branch of hussites that went on supply raids into Hungary), so fuck him just for that

his rule in Hungary was long and eventful, after he secured the throne, his first order of business was a war with Ottomans, which ended in the catastrophic battle of Nicopolis, later another war, during which he regained Beograd, but lost Golubac, which was an important fortress

after the Hungarian nobles were found to conspire against him, he instituted harsh repressions, destroying many important noble houses, which he then tried to replace with a nobility faithful to him - but that just caused yet another conspiracy, which Zsigmond had to appease by marrying Barbara of Celle

founded the Order Of The Dragon, which is how Vlad II. Dracul and after him his son Vlad III. Dracula got their monikers

supported the rights of cities, especially in his Minor Decree, but lest our fellow medieval city kinnies start liking him too much, he was also the guy who lended several cities in Spiš to the Poles (cities formally stayed part of Hungary, but the profits from them went to the king od Poland; which is basically how it stayed untill the divisions of Poland)

he also instituted another two law codes concerning courts and army, gave himself placetum regium (right to veto reading of papal bulls on his territories, which meant he could witheld the orders of the pope itself from his people; @best-habsburg-monarch might recognize this one)... basically for better or for worse, he was a Big Damn Deal here, truly one of the most important monarchs of Hungary, just look at how long his entry is

II.Géza (Gejza II.) 1141-1162

married Yevfrosinia of Kyiv, which raised the international prestige of his kingdom, only to fuck said prestige up by unsuccessful invasions to the Rus' and the Byzantine Empire

first one to invite Saxons and Walloons to Transsylvania, mostly to use their expertise in mining to develop local mines, at which point he also gave him some autonomy from the local feudal lords; his strategy was later repeated on a larger scale by Béla IV. after the devastation of the country by Mongols, and that kids is how we got free royal cities of Hungary

he also invited cistercians to Hungary

#main bracket #history #hungary #zsigmond #sigismund of luxembourg #ii.géza