lalalunar

[lalalunar]

So we’ve reached a point where I am no longer relying on just my memory alone so it’s gonna be a little bit before a new post!

Up and coming is pronouns and making things possessive !

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WAYS TO SAY THE

i. Gender recap

ii. feminine ways (singular/plural)

iii. masculine ways (singular/plural)

i. Gender recap

Just as a brief reminder, Italian is a gendered language. Meaning words might change depending on who you’re talking to or about.

For example, if you were to call your boyfriend beautiful, you would not use the word bella, you would use bello. Changing the end letter to an O makes the word then masculine, and thus grammatically correct.

This does not only affect adverbs and nouns as I explained in the last post, this also affects things such as the ways to say the and possessive pronouns. In this post, I explain how it affects the word the.

The ways to say the not only change depending on gender, but also the first letter(s) of the word.

in total, counting both the singular and plural ways, there are seven ways to say the.

Refer to this post to learn more about this.

ii. Feminine ways to say the

— This doesnt affect the feminine the as much it does the masculine, however it still does just a little bit.

+ THE SINGULAR WAY +

L’ is to be used when the word starts with a vowel. For example l’automobile, l’ombrella

La is to be used in any other singular case. For example la madre, la donna

+ THE PLURAL WAY +

As stated in this post, making something plural in Italian is not as simple as it is in English. Along with the last letter of the word, the way you say the must also change.

Le is to be used for all feminine plural words regardless of what letter they start with. For example le case, le automobili

iii. Masculine ways to say the

— The masculine ways are a bit more complicated than the feminine ones.

+ THE SINGULAR WAY +

il is to be used for words starting with a consonant. For example, il gatto, il cavallo

l' is to be used for words starting with a vowel. For example, l'angelo, l’albero

lo is to be used for words that start with an S+consonant and words that start with a Z. For example, lo scrittore, lo zaino

+ THE PLURAL WAY +

i is to be used for words starting with a consonant. For example i gatti, i cavelli

gli is to be used for words that start with a vowel. For example gli angeli, gli alberi

gli is also used for words that start with S+consonant and words that start with a Z. For example gli studenti, gli zaini.

#italian #italian langblr #italian language #langblr #learning italian #learning languages #studying italian #studying languages

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GENDER + SINGULAR/PLURAL

i. A gendered language

ii. Singular words

iii. Making things plural

i. A gendered language

Like a lot of languages, Italian is gendered, meaning words need to change according to who you’re talking to or about. Although English is not as gendered as Italian, we do still use this rule with words such as waiter/waitress and actor/actress.

What we dive into in this post is how this affects nouns, however, that’s not all it affects in the language. For instance, the word the would also change.

A good way to figure out what gender a word is, is to check the last letter of the word. Most Italian words end in a vowel, and in the rare cases when it doesn’t, the word will most likely be masculine in nature.

Most feminine nouns end in an A if singular, and E if plural. While most masculine nouns end in an O, and an I if plural.

As for singular words ending in an E, it could be either.

Now, you can’t always rely on this method. As I stated, most of the time it’s this way. It’s a good way to at least guess at what it is, but you won’t always be correct

ii. Singular

— As I stated before, words have gender. Nouns, Unlike adverbs, do not have to change the last letter according to who you’re talking to or about unless you are showing possession (ie. My car, her shirt, his seat, their house)

+ FEMININE +

words ending in an A are typically feminine in nature. In order to give possession, you must change the last letter of the word to an A, and also change the possessor word (the, my, hers, etc). Regular nouns do not change the letter unless you are showing possession. Descriptor words do need to change.

words ending in an E are sometimes feminine in nature. In order to give possession, you must change the possessor word, but not the last letter unless you make it plural. Regular nouns do not change the letter unless you are showing possession. Descriptor words do need to change.

words ending in -ione will typically be feminine, and fall under the “words ending in E” category.

+ 10 SINGULAR FEMININE WORDS +

1. Bella/Bello (beautiful)

2. Penna (pen)

3. Madre (mother)

4. Colazione (breakfast)

5. Frutta (fruit)

6. Forchetta (fork)

7. Bandiera (flag)

8. Banca (bank)

9. Firma (signature)

10. Borsa (bag)

+ MASCULINE +

words ending in an O are typically masculine in nature. In order to give possession, you must change the last letter of the word to an O, and also change the possessor word (the, my, hers, etc). Regular nouns do not change the letter unless you are showing possession. Descriptor words do need to change.

words ending in an E are sometimes masculine in nature. In order to give possession, you must change the possessor word, but not the last letter unless you make it plural. Regular nouns do not change the letter unless you are showing possession. Descriptor words do need to change.

words ending in a consonant are borrowed words from other languages and are masculine. The last letter does not need to change.

+ 10 SINGULAR MASCULINE WORDS +

1. Capello (hat)

2. Abito (suit)

3. Anello (ring)

4. Sport (sport)

5. Ciclismo (cycling)

6. Libro (book)

7. Film (movie)

8. Bagno (bathroom)

9. Tetto (roof)

10. Sapone (soap)

iii. Making things plural

unlike in English, making something plural is not as simple as adding an S or ES to the end of the word. You must change the last letter of the word to another one according to what the original letter was.

to change a word that ends in A to plural, you must drop the A then add an E. If the word ends in CA or GA, you must drop the A and add HE to keep the hard C/G sound. refer to this post to better understand the H in this.

to change a word that ends in O to plural, you must drop the O then add an I. If the word ends in CO or GO, you must drop the O and add HI to keep the hard C/G sound.

to change a word that ends in E to plural, you must drop the E and add an I.

Words ending in a consonant are identical singular and plural

+ SINGULAR WORDS NOW PLURAL +

1. Penne (pens)

2. Madri (mothers. Not to be confused with mother’s)

3. Colazioni (breakfasts)

4. Frutte (fruits)

5. Forchette (forks)

6. Bandiere (flags)

7. Banche (banks)

8. Firme (signatures)

9. Borse (bags)

10. Capelli (hats)

11. Abiti (suits)

12. Anelli (rings)

13. Libri (books)

14. Bagni (bathrooms)

15. Saponi (soaps)

#italian #italian langblr #italian language #langblr #learning italian #learning languages #studying italian #studying languages

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ITALIAN SOUNDS + PRONOUNCIATION

i. Intro

ii. The alphabet + the sound each letter makes

iii. Combinations of letters + the sounds they make

i. Intro…

The Italian language is one of the more phonetic languages, meaning each letter (or combination of letters) only make one specific sound each.

You must also pronounce every sound possible in a word with the exception of the letter H, which is silent. For example, in the word video, you would pronounce it vee-day-oh. Even in longer words such as cinquantasette which would be pronounced Cheen-quahnta-sehteh

Of course, as mentioned with the letter H, there are some exceptions to this. For example, with the combinations of letters.

ii. The alphabet + the sound each letter makes

— the Italian alphabet is missing a few of the English alphabet letters. Namely J, K, W, X, and Y.

A - Ah

B - English B

C - English letter K

D - English D

E - eh/ay

F - English F

G - English hard G (like the word green)

H - silent

I - ee

L - English L

M - English M

N - English N

O - oh

P - English P

Q - English Q

R - rolled R

S - almost always S, almost never sounds Z

T - English T

U - OO

V - English V

Z - English Z

iii. Combinations of letters + the sounds they make

— Just like in English, Italian has some combinations of letters that change the sounds of the letters themselves. Some are harder to pronounce for foreigners.

Ci/Ce - when C is followed by an I or an E, the C sound then becomes the English CH sound. The exception to this is if there is an H between the two letters (Chi/Che). The C sound then stays the same as normal.

Gi/Ge - when G is followed by an I or an E, the hard G sound then becomes the English J sound. The exception to this is if there is an H between the two letters (Ghi/Ghe). The G sound then stays the same as normal.

Gli - the best way I can think to describe this is how the LL is pronounced in the English word million. Almost like a rounded L sound. This sound is especially hard for foreigners.

Gn - like the N in the word onion.

— some examples with these would be Cinque (five), Giorno (day), Luglio (July), Bagno (bathroom)

#Italian #langblr #italian langblr #learning Italian #italian language #studying italian #studying #learning languages #studying languages

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ITALIAN MASTERLIST

— updated every time something new is posted

• Italian sounds + pronunciation

• Gender + singular/plural words

• ways to say the

#Italian #italian language #italian langblr #langblr #learning italian #studying italian #learning languages #studying languages

[lalalunar]

𝐏𝐀𝐓𝐓𝐄𝐑𝐍 𝐁𝐀𝐍𝐍𝐄𝐑𝐒 | galaxy 05.

( requested by → Anon & @forjongseong )

this palette reminds me of how the night sky goes from dark blues to purples after the sun sets and before the sun rises. original title for this was ‘night wave,’ hehe.

colours : 001 / 002 / 003 / 004 / 005

feel free to use; please like, reblog, and credit 〜

more dividers →

#used.

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𝐃𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐓𝐘 𝐂𝐇𝐀𝐈𝐍𝐒 | pattern 01.

──────── ⵌ NEUTRALS ...

──────── ⵌ RAINBOW ...

debating on whether or not to make more of these. but for now, here is the first set.

patterns : 001 / 002 / 003 / 004

feel free to use; please like, reblog, and credit〜

more dividers →

#used.

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𝐇𝐄𝐀𝐑𝐓𝐒 𝐃𝐈𝐕𝐈𝐃𝐄𝐑 | pastels.

( requested by -> @piixeldust )

ahhhhh, love how pastels are so light and soft—perfect for spring ! very uwu. hope you enjoy it (:

feel free to use; please like, reblog, and credit〜

more dividers →

#used.

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— stars & space dividers (planet edition)

———

[Free] Masterlist Headers & Dividers!

Please consider liking or reblogging if you use 💕

#used

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— stars & space dividers (moon edition)

[Free] Masterlist Headers & Dividers!

Please like or reblog if you use 💕 [sun edition]

#used

[lalalunar]

+ she/he/they — asks open — masterlist

+ I am still a learner! In fact, I’m barely even conversational. However, I do know a LOT about the “ground rules” and grammar of Italian. If you’re a native speaker or you’re fluent in Italian, I appreciate any tips you can give/corrections to what I’ve said :)

+ My goal here is to not completely teach you the language, my goal is to help you learn. If you ever need any help, I would be more than happy to!

+ currently working on pronouns and possessive words

+ HERE you can tip me! Everything is appreciated but it is by no means mandatory :)

#divider creds to @cafekitsune #Italian #italian language #learning italian #language learning #studying Italian #studying #langblr