Creating 3D-printed materials that shrink more precisely
From houses to hearing aids, three-dimensional (3D) printing is revolutionizing how we create complex structures at scale. Zooming down to the micro and nano levels, a process known as two-photon polymerization lithography (TPL) allows scientists and engineers to construct objects with microscopic precision, which has wide-reaching implications for industries ranging from medicine to manufacturing.
In computing and communication, for instance, TPL can be used to develop new optical materials, such as photonic crystals that can manipulate light in new ways. However, despite its promise, some challenges to fully harnessing its potential still exist. Chief among these is the challenge of achieving uniform shrinkage and feature sizes below the wavelength of visible light, which is essential when it comes to advanced light manipulation.
Addressing this challenge, a team of researchers led by Professor Joel Yang from the Singapore University of Technology and Design's (SUTD) Engineering Product Development pillar —in collaboration with their counterparts from the Industrial Technology Center of Wakayama Prefecture in Japan—introduced a new method that ensures even shrinkage of 3D-printed structures when heat treated. This further refines the usage of TPL in producing high-precision, nanoscale features.
At the start of prophase, microtubules, polymerizing on the surface of the nuclear envelope, begin to gather at two foci on opposite sides of the nucleus, initiating spindle formation (see Figure 1.30).
"Plant Physiology and Development" int'l 6e - Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Møller, I.M., Murphy, A.
Who the fuck on the Yugioh staff doesn’t like polymerization??? It began in gx with super polymerization, then we bring it back around in Arc-V and then again in Sevens. I want to know who has beef with these cards.
A hydrothermal autoclave is a specialized pressure vessel used in scientific laboratories and industrial settings for various applications, particularly in the fields of chemistry, materials science, and biology. Corrosion-resistant materials.
Even for complex polymeric reactions, researchers at the Australian National University have developed chemically accurate techniques for predicting rate constants and have used them to successfully predict the outcomes of multi-component polymerisation processes (see figure 15.27).
"Chemistry" 2e - Blackman, A., Bottle, S., Schmid, S., Mocerino, M., Wille, U.
3D printing precisely: Low-cost error compensation for fabrication of high-precision microstructures
In today's fast-paced technological landscape, the proverb "the bigger the better" was turned upside down and a race to make everything smaller has started. From miniature optical components to micro-scale medical devices, the quest for creating ever smaller yet more intricate structures has led to remarkable progress in a wide range of fields.
An important manufacturing technique enabling these advancements is two-photon polymerization (TPP) 3D printing. However, especially in the field of micro-optics, even errors in the nanometer range can have significant consequences. Thus, it is essential to understand and compensate for as many systematic errors in the printing process as possible.
Research recently published in the Journal of Optical Microsystems delves into the critical challenge of correcting tilt and curvature errors in TPP printing.