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paulrennie · 9 months

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Rogue's Gallery • Donald Trump • 2023

The Fulton County Sheriff’s Office has released Donald Trump’s booking photo, or mugshot. The image is unusual for having allowed a lowered gaze and directional lighting that clearly aestheticises the portrait in a way that contravenes all of the visual conventions of police photography.

The lighting effects evidenced in the Trump picture devolve from the chiaroscuro of the 17C, and were widely adopted by the romantics so as to provide character and personality to their portraits. Lighting effects have dominated the development of fashion photography and cinema during the 20C. That's no mug-shot; it's a shameless attempt to control his image, and to project as a kind of brooding Heathcliffe...

The police mugshot was elaborated at the end of the 19C, so as to provide a visual administrative record, or true likeness. Accordingly, the picture is taken straight-up to camera and with an even lighting across the features. John Tagg (2009) has described the evolution and purpose of these images in detail.

Alphonse Bertillon, a 19C French police officer, developed a standard process for the accurate capture of a photographic likeness as part of police procedural. Bertillon also pioneered the use of photography as a way of documenting the scene-of-crime. The Bertillon system became the international standard for police photography.

Bertillon appears as a character in the French TV detective series, Paris Police 1900, and Paris Police 1905. The crimes play out against a context of political upheaval, corruption and in relation to an increasingly scientific methodology of policing...

You can see the flat-light mugshot effect in the recent pictures of Lucy Letby.

Interestingly, a smart photo-booth would not now allow the Trump picture to be accepted as a standard passport picture.

The visual dramatisation of Trump’s booking photo may be understood as an attempt to feed the socials; but it is also a clear attempt to influence public opinion and is in contravention of the accepted norms for these kinds of administrative pictures. The complicity of law enforcement and justice officials in this process reveals a deeply-rooted systemic bias.

I recall a wonderful display by Patrick Lichfield, at the Photography Museum in Bradford, in which he described how to get a “better” passport photograph. He proposed the usual attention to height and background curtain etc, and the masking of 3/4 of the flash lights to produce directional lighting in the style of 18C aristocratic portraits.

Here, for example, is a standard photo portrait in the grand style...with directional lighting and contrast. This is the actress, Evelyne Brochu, who is the star of Paris Police.

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forensicfield · 2 years

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Alphonse Bertillon

Bertillon was born in the French capital of Paris. He was the younger brother of statistician and demographer Jacques Bertillon and the son of statistician Louis-Adolphe Bertillon. Alphonse Bertillon grew up in a scientific family. His... #forensicsc

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bondgirlraquel · 4 years

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The history of the mugshot unsurprisingly started very near to the invention of the first camera in the 1885. It wasn’t only the American Wild West that prompted the need of criminals photograph. In France, police officer Alphonse Bertillon took it to the next level and added measures and details to be kept on official record in 1888. This became the norm after being arrested and booked. They were originally called “Rogues Galleries”. #mugshotmondays #mugshot #historyofthemugshot #french #rogue #lawenforcement #queenofbail #bailbonds #kidsmugshots #photography #suspects #convicts #1800s #dontgetcaughtslippin #open247 #googleme #clickoncall www.raquelqueenofbail.com https://www.instagram.com/p/B7RLmXcAvMF/?igshid=gncqflbp6z72

#mugshotmondays #mugshot #historyofthemugshot #french #rogue #lawenforcement #queenofbail #bailbonds #kidsmugshots #photography #suspects #convicts #1800s #dontgetcaughtslippin #open247 #googleme #clickoncall

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nemesisbinxartifactseries · 5 years

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Artifact Series A

A Christmas Story Leg Lamp (canon)

A Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson

A.A. Milne's Honey Dipper

ABBA's Champagne Glasses

AFV Video Screen

A.J. Hackett's Bungee Cord

ATLAS Android Test Subject

Aaron's Rod

Aaron's Staff

Aaron Anderson’s Oars

Aaron Swartz's Computer Mouse

Abby Normal's Brain *

Abd Al-Rahman Al-Gillani's Walking Stick

Abebe Bikila's Jersey

Abigail Williams' Pendent

Abing's Erhu

Abraham's Sapphire

Abraham Lincoln's Top Hat *

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy Chart

Abraham Suydam's Golden Pocketwatch

Abraham Ulrikib's Caribou Pelt

Absorbent Photo Album and Camera

Abu al-Qasim's Bellows

Abu al-Qasim's Forceps

Abu Hurairah's Tombstone

Achilles' Arrow *

Accordion from Kunstkamera

Acme Police Whistle

Ada Lovelace's Dress

Adad-nirari I’s Axe Blade

Adam Lanza's Gun

Adam Rainer's Measuring Tape

Adam Sandler's Idea Pad

Adelard of Bath’s Abacus

Adolf Eichmann's Eagle Insignia Badge

Adolf Frederick's Silver Cutlery Set

Adolf Hitler's Colored Pencils

Adolf Hitler's Microphone *

Adolf Slaby's Snuff Box

Adolphe Chaillet's "Shelby" Bulbs *

Adolphe Dugleres' Menu

Adrian Hill's Sketchpad

Aegean Sails

Aegicoros' Goblet

Aesop's Cloak

Aesop's Grapevine

Aesop's Pendant

Aesop’s Rope

Aeschylus' Turtle Shell

African Ngil Fang Mask *

African Tribal Elephant Tusk *

African Witch Doctor's Staff

Agamemnon's Mycenaean Bronze Sword

Agatha Christie's Car

Agatha Christie's Typewriter *

Agatha Christie's Wedding Ring

Agathodaemon's Natron

Agent Aden Taylor's God-Tier Clock

Agent Aden Taylor's God Tier Outfit

Aggressive Metal Lunchbox

Agnodice’s Tunic

Aguara's Carob

Ahmad Shah Durrani's Pesh-Kabz

Ahmose I’s Armband

Aileen Wuornos' Black Ledger

Aimée Crocker's Hat and Fur Stole

Air from the Great Stink of 1858

Air Raid Siren from Pearl Harbor

Air-Raid Skeet Thrower

Airbrushes from Disney Studios *

Akbar the Great's Water Container

Akira Kurosawa's Mao Hat

Akira Toriyama's Original Pen

Aki Ra’s Landmine Casings

Alain Robert’s Bag of Chalk

Albert Fish's Whip of Nails

Al Capone's Fedora

Al Capone's Machine Guns *

Al Smith's 1928 Campaign Badges

Aladdin's Lamp

Alan Hale Jr.'s Skipper Hat

Alan Seeger's Helmet

Alan Turing's Typewriter

Alan Wake's Flashlight

Alarm Clock

Albert Abrams’ Vials

Albert Anastasia's Barber Shop Chair

Albert Bandura's Bobo Doll

Albert Butz's Glasses *

Albert Camus' Coffee Cup

Albert Einstein's Bridge Device *

Albert Einstein's Chalk

Albert Einstein's Comb *

Albert Stevens’ Paintbrush

Albert Tirrell’s Razor

Alberto Burri's Sacking and Red

Albertus Magnus' Quill Pen

Alboin’s Skull Cup

Albrecht Dürer's Rhinoceros Horn

Self-portrait at 26" href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer%27s_%27%27Self-portrait_at_26%27%27">Albrecht Dürer's Self-portrait at 26 *

Alchemist's Curse

Alcmaeon of Croton's Ring

Aldrich Ames' Chalk

Aldus Manutius’ Vellum

Aleijadinho’s Palanquin

Aleister Crowley's Ruby Studded Universal Hexagram Necklace *

Alejandro Jodorowsky’s Keisaku

Tetris" href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Serebrov%27s_Nintendo_Game_Boy_%26_Copy_of_%27%27Tetris%27%27">Aleksandr Serebrov's Nintendo Game Boy & Copy of Tetris

Alessandro Volta's Biscuit Bin *

Alessandro Volta's Lab Coat and Goggles *

Alethiometer

Alex Mercer's Jacket

Alex Sander's Scourge

Alexander of Abonoteichus' Grimorie

Alexander Alekhine's Chess Set *

Alexander Bain's Fax Machine

Alexander Calder's First Mobile

Alexander D'Agapeyeff's Telegraph

Alexander Fleming's Beaker

Alexander Graham Bell's Telephone Wire

Alexander the Great's Bronze Breastplate

Alexander the Great's Xyston

Alexander of Greece's Pocket Watch

Alexander Grey's Owl Pendant

Alexander Hamilton's & Aaron Burr's Dueling Pistols

Alexander Herrmann's Gold Watch

Alexander Hermann's Mustache Scissors *

Alexander Keith Jr’s Barrel

Alexander Litvinenko's Tea Pot

Alexander Morison's Top Hat

Alexander Polyhistor's Animal Fiber Sponge

Alexander Steinert's Grand Piano

Alexander von Humboldt's Fern

Alexander Wilson's Falconry Glove

Alexandre Étienne Choron’s Menu

Alexey Leonov's Near the Moon

Alexis Soyer's Cutting Board

Alexis St. Martin's Musket Powder

Al-Farabi's Shahrud

Alfred Adler’s Coat Rack

Alfred Dreyfus' Sword Hilt *

Alfred George Hinds' Prison Uniform

Alfréd Hajós' Measuring Tape

Alfred Hitchcock's Metal Pinwheel (canon)

Alfred Kinsey's Abacus

Alfred, Lord Tennyson's Bronze Statue of Chiron

Alfred's Monarch Ice Skates

Alfred Nobel's Box Detonator

Alfred Nobel's Curtains

Alfred Packer's Gold

Alfred Snoxall's Lee-Enfield Rifle

Alfred N. Stevenson's Military Helmet

Alfred Stieglitz's Tripod

Alfred Watkin’s Theodolite

Alfred Wegener's Parka

Algie the Pig

Al Herpin's Rocking Chair

Al Hirschfeld’s Chair and Lamp

Ali Asghar Borujerdi's Prayer Beads

Alice Manfield’s Trekking Pole

Alice Bailey's Necklace

Alice's Crown

Alice Stebbins Wells’ Police Badge

Alien's Device Prop

Allan Pinkerton's Briefcase

Allan W. E. Jones' Underwear

Alleyway from Kowloon Walled City

Alliance Tenna-Scope TV Signal Booster

All Hallow's Eve Pumpkin

Alphonse Bertillon's Shaving Mirror

Alphonse Cahagnet's Magnets

Alpine Brandy Rescue Cask *

Aloysius 'Alois' Alzheimer's Eye Glasses

Alpharts Tod's Hauberk

Altaïr's Hidden Blade

Aluminum Bluthner Piano *

Álvaro Obregón's Right Arm

Alvin C. Graves' Tie

Alvin C. York's .45 Colt Automatic Pistol

Alvin C. York's Medal

Alvin Straight’s Riding Lawn Mower

Alyattes of Lydia's Electrum Coins

Amanda Palmer's Ukulele

Amanda Todd's Flashcards

Amasa Coleman Lee's Porch Swing

Amaterasu's Yasakani no Magatama

Amazon Fish Tank *

The Amber Room

Amber Sphere *

Amber Spyglass

Ambrose Bierce's Skull

Ambrose Burnside's Jacket

Amelia Earhart's Goggles

Amelia Earhart's Lockheed Vega 5B

Amenemhat III’s Pyramidion

Amenemhat III's Sistrum

Amenemhat IV’s Sphinx

"American Idiot" Stage Set

Amerigo Vespucci's Armor Plate

Amityville House Windows

Ammunition from the USS Maine

Amphion's Lyre

Amulet of Hapi

Amy Lowell's Cigar

Amy Winehouse's Microphone

An Zhengwen's Brush

Anasazi Rope

Anatoly Onoprienko's Sawed off Shotgun

Anatomical Model

Anaxagoras' Krater

Anaximander's Sundial

André the Giant's Wrestling Singlet

André Citroën's Double Helical Gear

André de Toth’s 3-D Glasses

Andre Devigny's Bedding and Lantern

André Devigny Spoon

André-Marie Ampère’s Notebook

André Martinet's Phonograph

Andrea Aguyar’s Lasso

Andrea del Verrocchio's Workshop

Andreas Mihavecz’s Prison Cell

Andreas Vesalius' Watering Can

Andrew Borden's Couch

Andy Dufresne’s Rock Hammer

Andrew Jackson's Keg of Ale

Andrew Wyeth's Christina's World

Andy Kaufman's Bowl & Spoon

Andy Kaufman's Sunglasses

Andy Lambros' Fishing Pole

Andy the Clown’s Costume

Andy Warhol's Campbell's Soup Cans

Andy Warhol's Concept Dress Mannequin

Andy Warhol's Hairbrush

Andy Warhol's Marilyn Diptych

Anfo Merc's Electric Guitar and Battery Amplifier

Angela Cavallo's Car Fender

Angelo Faticoni's Chair

Angelo Moriondo’s Espresso Machine

Angelo Siciliano's Workout Trunks *

Angel Wings from the Pulse Funeral

Angkor Wat Piece of Vishnu

Ankou's Horseshoe

Angry Birdcage *

Animatronic Presidents from the "Hall of Presidents" in Walt Disney World

Anita King’s Lighter

Ann Corio's Bra

Ann Faraday's Jacket

Anna Baker's Wedding Dress

Anna Bertha Ludwig's Wedding Ring

Anna de Coligny's Crown

Anna Pavlova's Swan-Feather Fan

Annabelle Doll

Anne Boleyn's Pearl Necklace and Ornate B

Anne Bonny's Cutlass *

Anne Frank's Diary and Ribbon Bookmark

Anne Greene's Noose

Anne Sullivan’s Doll

Annette Funicello's Beach Ball *

Annie Edson Taylor's Barrel *

Annie Fox's Purple Heart

Annie Oakley’s Bonnet

Ansel Adams' Camera

Antarctic Whaling Station Camp

Anthony Bishop's Manuscript *

Anthony Salerno's Fedora *

Anthony Spilotro's Casino Tokens

Anthony Stewart/Rupert Giles' Glasses

Anti-Boarding Netting from the Mary Rose

Antique Candy Box

Antoine Lavosier's Candle

Antoine Lavosier's Microscope

Anton Aicher's Marionette Handle

Anton Chekov’s Pince-Nez's

Antoni Gaudí’s Chisel and Trencadís

Antonietta Dell'Era's Ballet Slippers

Antonio Stradivari's Violin Strings *

Antonio Vivaldi’s Aspergillum

Anton Praetorius' Hynm Book

Anubis Canopic Jar

Anubis Shrine Pyramid *

Anuket's Necklace

Aphrodite's Ankle Bracelet

Aphrodite's Girdle *

Aphrodite's Hairbrush

Apple of Discord

Apollo 11 Lunar Landing Hoax Set *

Apollo 11 Moon Rock *

Apollo 13 Command Module

Apollo 15 Geologic Hammer and Falcon Feather

Apollonius of Tyana's Amulet

Apollo of Veii's Arms

Apollo’s and Artemis’ Bows

Apollo's Sandals

Apophis Statuette

Apsley Cherry-Garrard’s Goggles

Aquilas from the Battle of Teutoburg Forest

Arachne's Loom

Arceus' Plates

Archibald McIndoe's Saline Bathtub

Archibald Spooner's Cloak

Archilochus' Aulos

Archimedes's Bathtub

Arc Light from the Iroquois Theater

Ares' Gauntlets

Aretha Franklin's Spotlight

The Argo

Ariadne's Ball of Thread

Aristotle's Lyre

Aron Ralston’s Pocketknife

Artemisia II of Caria's Chalice

Armand David's Glasses & Zucchetto

Armand Guillaumin's Soleil couchant à Ivry

Armando Socarras Ramirez's Shirt

Arne Larsson's Pacemaker

Arrow of Alan Gua

Arrow of Time

Artemis' Cloak Pin

Arthur Aitken's Pith Helmet

Arthur Aston's Wooden Leg

Arthur Blessitt’s Cross

Arthur C. Clarke's Telescope

Arthur Claude Darby's Rope

Arthur Conan Doyle's Disintegration Machine

Arthur Conan Doyle's Fairy Notebook

Arthur Conan Doyle's Pipe

Arthur Edward Waite's Tarot Deck

Arthur Evans' Magnifying Glass

Arthur Galston's Soil Knife

Arthur Rostron’s Loving Cup

Arthur Stace’s Chalk

Arthur Wellesley's Boots

Arthur Wynne's Journal

Arthur Zimmermann's Ticker-tape Machine

Artie Moore's Headphones

Artie Shaw's Clarinet *

Asclepius' Offering Bowl

Ash Williams’ Double-Barrel "Boomstick"

Ashes from the 1925 Madame Tussaud Fire

Ashley Revell's Tuxedo

Ashurbanipal's Crown

Ashoka's Hell

Ashoka's Pillars

Assorted Herbs (Parsley, Sage, Rosemary, and Thyme)

Asphyxiating Blackboard Erasers

Atalanta's Spear

Æthelred the Unready's Crown

Athena's Owl Pendant

Athena Parthenos

Athena's Aegis

Athena’s Breastplate

Athens Caryatid

Atlanta Ripper's Balaclava

Atlantean Crystal Pendant

Atlas' Globe

Atomic Bombs from The Dayton Project

Atticus Finch's Pocketwatch

Attila the Hun's Battle Helmet (canon)

Attila the Hun's Swaddling Blanket *

Audio-Healing Tuning Fork *

August Bier’s Needle

August Musger's Projector

August Natterer's Bible

Auguste Escoffier’s Tasting Spoons

Auguste Piccard's Gondola

Auguste Renoir's Young Girls at the Piano *

Auguste Rodin's Hammer and Chisel *

Auguste Rodin's Gateway to Hell

Auguste Rodin’s The Kiss

Auguste Rodin's Rasp

Augustina de Aragon's Cannon

Augustin-Jean Fresnel's Magnifying Glass *

Augustin Pyramus de Candolle’s Touch-Me-Not Plant

Augustus Saint-Gaudens’ Double Eagle Gold Coin

Aung San's Pinhole Camera

Aurora's Torch

Australian Boomerang

Automatic Trash-Disposal Waste Bin

Automatic Vaccum *

Autumn Leaves

Avatar Relics from The Last Airbender

Axe Ring

Axel Erlandson's Sycamore Seeds

Axeman of New Orleans' Phonograph

Ayrton Senna's Race Suit

Azletar (by technicality)

Aztec Bloodstone *

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payton-prethesis-is · 5 years

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Historical Research of Phrenology and Anthropometry

Using physical attributes of the head and face have been used to analyze and predict attributes and behavioral patterns of men and woman before AI and sophisticated biometric technologies ever existed. Let’s take a look at Franz Joseph Gall’s Phrenological and Alphonse Bertillon’s Anthropometry and how they have both been used to systemically regulate and oppress marginalized communities.

A phrenology chart showing the various divisions of the skull.

Phrenology and it’s use in politics and Biometric Criminology To understand the current state of biometric surveillance and predictive analysis, it’s important to look at the history of similar techniques in criminology. Algorithmic facial recognition predictive analysis isn’t the first time humans have tried to come to conclusions about someone’s character, mental capacity and propensity to commit crimes by studying their facial features and head shape.

Phrenology, the study of the shape of the skull as indicative of mental faculties and traits of character was developed by German doctor Franz Joseph Gall in 1796. It’s now regarded as a pseudoscience debunked in the early 20th century, but was accepted as truth throughout the late 19th century. Gall believed that the brain was made up of 27 individual organs that determined personality, and a persons head could be measured and analyzed to reveal many personality traits and attributes. Although Gall was an expert anatomist, phrenology was used during the late 19th century to categorize human beings in racist and sexist ways.

So called “Death Masks” of criminals in Australia 1860. As the scientific usefulness was dissemenited around the world, some . Molds were taken of criminals heads as a way of trying to preserve the details of the face and head shape in order to analyze Cynthia S Hamilton describes how phrenology was used as a political means to justify slavery in her paper ‘Am I Not a Man and a Brother?’ Phrenology and Anti-slavery. Scientists used skull and face shapes to push ideology that caucasian males were superior to other races.

Anthropometric data sheet of Alphonse Bertillon (1853-1914), a pioneer of the Scientific Police, inventor of anthropometry, first head of the Forensic Identification Service of the Prefecture de Police in Paris (1893).

Alphonse Bertillon and the History of the Mug Shot Alphonse Bertillon a French police officer and biometrics researcher who developed anthropometry (the scientific study of the measurements and proportions of the human body) a criminal identification system based on physical measurements. His development of the Bertillon System, wherein booked criminals had their head length, head breadth, length of middle finger, length of the left foot and length of the cubit measured and were photographed. These records were combined into a system for lay enforcement officials to access information and images quickly in an effort to identify criminals.

One of the first robust databases of biometrics was of black “Alley women” (women who were working as sex workers) in Minneapolis in the late 19th and 20th centuries. The Minneapolis Police Department followed the Bertillon System as a means to identify and document the crimes of these alley workers. The system soon became used as a tool to police and categorize these women. In Frida L. Fair’s Surveilling Social Difference: Black Women’s “Alley Work” in Industrializing Minneapolis, she argues that the Bertillon system’s attempts to categorize alley work functions as a strategy of surveillance that regulates black women’s economic and social difference. Sound familiar?

As we now know thanks in large part to Claire Garvie’s work in Perpetual Lineup, mug shot databases are being used as digital police lineups in a completely unregulated biometric data

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blprompt · 5 years

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Image taken from page 178 of 'Les Races sauvages ... Avec 115 gravures, dont huit planches hors texte'

Image taken from: Title: "Les Races sauvages ... Avec 115 gravures, dont huit planches hors texte" Author: BERTILLON, Alphonse. Shelfmark: "British Library HMNTS 10007.g.27.", "British Library OC ORW.1986.a.5569" Page: 178 Place of Publishing: Paris Date of Publishing: 1882 Issuance: monographic Identifier: 000299838 Explore: Find this item in the British Library catalogue, 'Explore'. Download the PDF for this book (volume: 0) Image found on book scan 178 (NB not necessarily a page number) Download the OCR-derived text for this volume: (plain text) or (json) Click here to see all the illustrations in this book and click here to browse other illustrations published in books in the same year. Order a higher quality version from here. from BLPromptBot http://bit.ly/2RSGXqo

#BritishLibrary #Prompt

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fantasticallyfactualforensics · 7 years

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Hello! I recently had a class about forensics (I'm a political science student) and we learned that it's quite a recent field, with Alphonse Bertillon etc that roughly goes back to the 19th century. Since it's not my main field, we didn't go further than that. Thus, I wondered if you knew a bit more of history about this. Are there records of forensics procedures in Ancient cultures? In non-European cultures especially? Thanks :)

Hey there @ lazypsychictheorist. ForensicScience as we know and love today is a VERY recent field of scientific inquiry,having only been established in the early 20th century. In fact, thevery first crime laboratory was established by Edmond Locard in Lyons, Francein 1910.

That is not to say that before then, criminal investigationswere a wild west of baseless queries. Besides Bertillon, some early workers inwhat is now considered to be Forensic Science are (in no particular order) SirFrancis Galton (who began the development of fingerprint examinations), SirFrancis Bacon (credited with the development of the Scientific Method), andHenry Goddard (responsible for the first forensic ballistics case). In many instances,forensic science was becoming more and more prevalent to criminalinvestigations in the early 19th century, but was not officially afield of study until Locard.

Earlier than that we must look to Ancient China. Theearliest, and most famous case that we know of comes from the 13thcentury. In this case, a farmer had been killed; There were multiple suspects allclaiming innocence. However, those in charge of determining who had done itnoticed that flies were swarming around the blade of only one of the suspects scythes.The flies were attracted to the lingering scent of blood, despite it havingbeen wiped away. The man who owned that scythe was arrested, later confessed andthis was all recorded in a book titled Xi Yuan Lu. Google can tell you moreabout that case but I’ve done my best to retell it here.

Other than that, I cannot find any other instancesof ancient forensic procedures, and none whatsoever from a non-Europeanprospective. That’s the problem with history- its written by the winners, andJulius Caesar was a dick.

#forensics #ancient #culture #history #ancient china #13th century #entomology

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a2sparis · 5 years

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“Scène de crime”, d’Ariane Fruit

EXPOSITION. «Scène de crime», d’Ariane Fruit

À la Galerie Document 15, à Paris.

Après avoir présenté en 2017, sous le titre «Passagers», un ensemble de dessins à la mine graphite et de gravures à l'aquatinte réalisé à partir de photographies de reflets de passagers dans les vitres de voitures du métro parisien, l’artiste graveuse Ariane Fruit vient d’exposer à Paris une toute nouvelle œuvre, 2x2,7 mètres, qui, intitulée «Scène de crime», est une sorte d’autoportrait - ce qui est une première pour cette artiste. Dans cette œuvre, on la voit en plein travail, dans l’atelier d’une douzaine de m2 qu’elle occupe depuis 2013 dans le 18ème arrondissement de Paris. < J’avais envie de conserver une image de ce lieu >, explique-t-elle lors d’une interview exclusive à «A2S, Paris». L’œuvre, qu’elle vient tout juste d’achever, a nécessité plus d’un an de travail. En plusieurs phases successives. Première phase : du haut d’un escabeau, Ariane Fruit a d’abord photographié son atelier sous toutes les coutures - «comme si un œil regardait à travers un trou au milieu du plafond», dit-elle. En photographiant ainsi son atelier, Ariane Fruit s’est d’ailleurs inspirée de la technique de «photographie métrique» mise au point par le criminologue français Alphonse Bertillon au début du XXème siècle pour les enquêtes policières. Seconde phase du travail : Ariane Fruit a réalisé sur ordinateur un assemblage de ces photographies qu’elle a ensuite imprimé. Etape suivante : sur une partie du sol de l’atelier, Ariane Fruit a reporté, dessiné, au feutre, ce photomontage. Et, à ce stade, elle a eu l’idée de se dessiner elle-même en train de travailler, allongée sur le sol - ce qui, au premier regard, peut donner l’impression d’une scène de crime, avec le cadavre de la victime au centre de l’image ! L’œuvre montre ainsi à la fois la silhouette d’Ariane Fruit et tous les grands et petits objets de sa vie quotidienne d’artiste.

Projet d’œuvre sur Paris la nuit

Puis, enfin, est venu, à partir de ces dessins au feutre sur le sol, un long travail - pendant huit mois ! - de gravure de cette image de l’atelier sur le revêtement de sol de celui-ci. Ce revêtement de sol, depuis bien avant l’emménagement d’Ariane Fruit dans l’atelier, était recouvert de linoleum, et c’est en creusant celui-ci, copeau par copeau, que l’artiste a gravé sur le sol l’image de son atelier, en se servant d’un outil fort ancien qu’on appelle une gouge. Le linoleum, inventé au XIXème siècle comme revêtement de sol, a commencé à être utilisé par des artistes graveurs au début du XXème siècle. < C’est le matériau que j’utilise le plus >, confie Ariane Fruit. Ce travail de gravure du linoleum achevé, il ne restait plus qu’à encrer cette gravure et à l’imprimer manuellement - en s’aidant d’une prothèse de hanche ! - sur des feuilles d’un papier renommé pour sa finesse et sa résistance, le papier chine. Pour reproduire la totalité de l’image de l’atelier, six feuilles de papier de 1x1 mètre furent nécessaires. Et le résultat, c’est une impressionnante reproduction - extrêmement précise, détaillée, méticuleuse - d’un atelier d’artiste à Paris en ce début de troisième millénaire. Ajoutons qu’Ariane Fruit envisage à présent de réaliser une œuvre sur Paris la nuit, œuvre qui, elle aussi, devrait marier photographie et gravure.

L’ARTISTE : Ariane Fruit, née à Rouen en 1975, a étudié le dessin, la photographie, l’estampe, la gravure, la photogravure et la lithographie.

POUR EN SAVOIR PLUS : https://arianefruit.com/cat-book/estampes-dessins/

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mechanicalcurator · 6 years

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Image from 'Les Races sauvages ... Avec 115 gravures, dont huit planches hors texte', 000299838

Author: BERTILLON, Alphonse.

Page: 338

Year: 1882

Place: Paris

Publisher:

View this image on Flickr

View all the images from this book

Following the link above will take you to the British Library's integrated catalogue. You will be able to download a PDF of the book this image is taken from, as well as view the pages up close with the 'itemViewer'. Click on the 'related items' to search for the electronic version of this work.

#bldigital #bl_labs #britishlibrary #1882 #similar_to_178342186342_published_date #similar_to_178342186342_slantyness #similar_to_178342186342_bubblyness_x

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laurafosterphoto-blog · 6 years

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CONTEXTUAL STUDIES 2

As Psychology has always been an interest of mine and one of my favourite subjects after A Level, the relationship between psychology and photography has always been an interest of mine - especially in the field of mental health as this is a topic that has effected my own life greatly and I am very passionate about. From the lecture below, I decided to do my second year essay on this subject, titled ‘Discuss How the Link Between Photography and Psychiatry Came About and How This Impacted the Developments Within Psychology at the Time’. Furthermore, I have now decided to write my dissertation on the relationship between photography and mental health.

PHOTOGRAPHY, PHILOSOPHY AND PSYCHOLOGY

photography and texts can always effect a person, cant help or escape it, shows the great impact that they can have

photography has multiple histories - start thinking about all the different genres in photography

Hugh Diamond - 1852, first photographer to photograph patients in an asylum - showed patients pictures which showed them to be ‘mad’ - connection between mental state and physical state - photographed in a very simple way - used pictures of these woman as a diagnostic tool - the photographs are truthful and an accurate representation of the person, but is this really a way to diagnose? do people believe everything they see? - idea of the photograph as truthful - photography as humanitarian and scientific - photography used as a tool, when you go to the hospital or the dentist, you have types of photography used on you, and you always believe it, you take it is a fact and the complete truth (eg x rays), so why does this not always apply? - when he went into private practice, he did not photograph the rich - ‘On the Appreciation of Photography and the Physiognomic and Mental Phenomena’ 1852-56

Guillaume-Benjamin Amand Duchenne - believed that facial expressions reveal the soul - basic every day interactions rely on that, can create problems if you cant read facial expressions well - photography relies on that - triggered expressions using photography - published findings in 1862: The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy - book divided into scientific and aesthetic sections - idea of the photograph as scientific evidence - explored different characters within his work, tried to display different - staged - doctor within the images, trying to show authenticity with his presence and analysing of the subject - electric shock therapy in the face, shows which muscles are moved and what controls facial impressions - used performance sets - taught Charcot - reinforced social hierarchies

Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) - taught Freud - studied hysteria within women, the idea that psychological problems would appear in woman for some kind of sexual disfunction, he had the idea that hysteria is something that is inherited - Freud developed that the idea is the result of psychic stress - Charcot staged pictures in various emotional states and used them as evidence of hysteria - had women patients in an asylum which is where he staged his pictures - gave lectures - very questionable evidence, the aymlum had different flaws, had different wards for different level of patients, have locked wards for the most desperate cases, if the women were called up to perform at one of the Tuesday afternoon lectures but did not ‘perform’ well as to his theories, you would get benefits and be treated better, woman performed for their own well being - “every hysteric had to make a regular show of her orthodox ‘hysterical nature’ … to avoid being transferred to the severe division of the quite simple and so-called incurable ‘alienated women’.

Eugenics - the best form of civilisation in respect to the improvement of the face … where the pride of race was encouraged, where the weak could find a welcome and a refuge in celibate monasteries or sisterhood, and lastly where the better sort of emigrants and refugees form other lands where invented and welcomed, and their descendants naturalised

1846, Agassiz said he believed that blacks and whites were different species and blacks had a different mental age, tried to prove this using images (proved nothing, just his own prejudice)

Alphonse Bertillon - Criminologist - the Bertillon system - ‘every measurement slowly reveals the workings of the criminal. Careful observation and patience will reveal the truth’

scientific images are often shot down, very simplistically and very factually - showing everything in the image so it can be used as the truth

2014: Zun Lee’s Father Figure, tired of stereotyping of African American males - dealers, pimps and baby daddies - searched for his own identity - started as a search for the ‘right kind’ of black father - progressed from this idea and different view, going against the negative stereotype

19th Century Photography in a summary - photography as proof - photography as evidence - photography as science - photography as propaganda - photography as art - photography as spectacle - photography as a self-fulfilling prophecy

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