#Japanese cornel

[firstlawcedarprairie]

Shan zhu yu (Cornelius) in the blue sky

#shan zhu yu #cornelius #flower #blue sky #sky and flower #asiatic dogwood #Japanese cornel #Japanese cornelian-cherry

[gon-iii]

はるか遠く及ばず

2017年、小石川植物園。

山茱萸が華やかさを魅せる。

#Lightroom Classic #VSCOfilm #photographers on tumblr #lensblr #original photographer #original photographers #original photographers on tumblr #original photography #original photography blog #original photography on tumblr #photoblog #photography #spring #spring in Japan #spring mood #spring season #spring time #spring tint #March #Japan #Tokyo #弥生 #日本 #東京 #小石川植物園 #山茱萸 #サンシュユ #Japanese cornel

[faguscarolinensis]

Cornus officinalis / Japanese Cornel Dogwood at the Sarah P. Duke Gardens at Duke University in Durham, NC

#Cornus officinalis #Cornus #Japanese Cornel Dogwood #Japanese Cornel #Japanese cornelian cherry #Flowers #Nature photography #photographers on tumblr #Sarah P. Duke Gardens #Duke Gardens #Duke University #Durham #Durham NC #North Carolina

[kobitonoheya]

"Focusing"

うろ覚えも含まれるけれども、

アン・ワイザー・コーネルという女性が書いた、ある翻訳書籍から得たことがらを以下簡単に書こう

クライエントとしてセラピストによる心理療法を受けた結果として、精神の向上があったと判断された人々とそれがなか��たと判断された人々の治療面接をテープに録音したものを比較した際、ある事実がわかった。

前者の人々は面接のどこかで、話し方がゆっくりとし、言葉の歯切れが悪くなり、その時に感じていることを言い表す言葉を探し始めた。

後者の人々には、面接中それが見られなかった。

なお、両者のセラピストの面接方法に、大きな違いは見られなかった

それはつまりこういうことだ。

精神の向上のみられたセラピーのクライエントたちは、面接の過程に、直接からだで感じている、漠然とした、言葉では表しにくい身体的な気づきがあった。思考による自己分析や考えをよどみなく話している後者は、言葉にできない感覚をからだから感じ取ろうとする意識がなかった。たとえ涙を流したとしても、最終的な結果として後者のセラピーはうまくいかなかったという。

この研究を応用し、自己にセラピーを施す方法が確立された。

それが『フォーカシング』だ。

以下に簡単なあらましを書く。

（追：短文で正確には伝えられないと判断し、あらましは削除した）

（かわりに、文末に、この手法を発見したジェンドリン氏の著書に簡便な方法が載っていたので、それと、フェルトセンスをつかむための訓練の方法を追記した。）

…………という具合にさらに先へと進めていくものだが、

その書籍で学んだとおりの方法でこのあとの項目まで続けていくと

「インナーチャイルド」に対するセラピーに近いことが理解できる。

そして、フォーカシングの場合、それよりももっととっつきやすい印象だ。

とにかく丁寧に自己の内側で起こる「感じ」に触れ、近くに腰を落ち着けるイメージで対話をしていく。

私はまだお試し程度しか自分に施したことはないが、その成果として、理性では予想できなかった、「『感じ』に合う言葉のイメージ」が私の中に起こった。

（追記：これはラッキーな体験だったようだ。その後はうまく「感じ」に突き当たらない。むしろそれがふつうで、「感じ（フェルトセンス）」を感じることができるまでには時に三ヶ月、など一定の練習が必要なのだそうだ。）

これを–––その本を熟読しつつ–––根気よく続けていくと、自己の強い感情を孕んだ、その悩みの根底にある部分とも向き合え、今よりも素直な自分と付き合えるようになるだろう、という手応えを軽くだが、私はつかんだ。

（追記：少々高揚感が強い表現になってしまっている）

実際に、フォーカシングによってそのような成果が望めるというではないか。

詳細な方法は、書籍を参照するのが確実でいちばんよいことだろうと私は思う。

（追記：熟練した人が周囲に見つかれば、その人と一緒に行うのが一番よいのだろうが……）

一見単純ながら、からだの内側に集中し“声”を聴くというのは、小さい子に接し続けるような、繊細な労力が必要なことでもある。

（追記：本に書かれている通り、途中、自分のなかから、非現実的、実現不可能と思われる要求が返ってきても、その時点では否定する必要はなく、よく探っていって、例えば「今すぐ海外に行きたい」という願いは非現実的だが、「遠くに行きたい」→休む時間がない、休息が欲しい、ということだ、と理解できる例もある、ということだ。）

精神的に助けを必要としている人、今苦しんでいる人にこの手法が片隅にでも、存在しているということが届けば（少しは）よいだろう、と私は一方的に思う。

（追：もし、うまくいかなくても、気に病む必要はない、とも思う。

「これで精神的に絶対に良くなる！」という保証は、申し訳ないことだが、私からは簡単にはできないことだから……）

＊本にも書かれているが、この手法は“リスナー”と“フォーカサー”にわかれ友達とふたりで進めていくことも可能だ。もちろん、セラピストに協力してもらって行う方法もある。

加えて、掲載の情報が古く私自身は参加したことがないものの、フォーカシングのワークショップは（現在では不明だが、当時では）各所にて行われているという。

＊この、アン・ワイザー・コーネルという女性は、フォーカシングの開発者、ユージン・T・ジェンドリンという男性から享受したその手法に改良を加えたものを記している。よりシンプルなフォーカシングの手順を知りたければ、ジェンドリン氏の著作も手に入れて然るべきであると私には思われる。

（追記：ジェンドリン氏の書籍について、私は、日本で1982年に初版出版された、日本語翻訳本〈初期の手法から改良されたヴァージョンが記載されている書籍〉を読んでいる。）

＊当たり前のことだが、翻訳される前の原著は英語でかかれているため、そのことに留意しつつ、「セリフの形式」、そして本に書かれているとおり、「順番の形式」にとらわれきらないよう、書かれれていることの本質を少々考えながら身につけていくとよいと個人的には思う。

＊自分一人でどうにもならない（かもしれない）という感じなら、休んだり、必要ないならやめたり、専門家や他の人に相談したり、手を借りることもためらわないようにしてほしい……。

＊＊＊＊＊

ジェンドリン著　「フォーカシング」から 「フォーカシング簡便法」と、「フェルトセンスをつかむ実習」

以下抜粋

フォーカシング簡便法

1.空間を作る いかがですか？あなたの気持ちはよろしいですか？ すぐ答えずにからだに湧き起こってくるものに答えを出させてください。 そこにどんなものが浮かんできても、すぐそのなかに入り込まないようにしてください。 出てきたものそれぞれに対して挨拶をしてください。ひとつずつ、しばらくあなたの横においてください。 それを除くと、すっかりよいでしょうか。

2.フェルトセンス 焦点をあててみたいことをひとつ取り上げてください。 そのなかに入っていってはいけません。その問題全部を思い起こすとき、からだに何を感ずるでしょうか。 それらすべてのもの、全部の感じ、暗い不快感、もやもやしたからだの感じなどを感じてください。

3.取っ手（ハンドル）をつかむ フェルトセンスの質はどんなものでしょうか。 このフェルトセンスから、どんないいまわしやイメージが出てくるでしょうか。 どんな言葉がそれに最もよくあてはまるでしょうか。

4.共鳴させる 言葉（あるいはイメージ）とフェルトセンスの間を行ったり来たりしてください。正しいでしょうか。 それらが一致したら、数回ほど一致している感じを味わってください。 もしフェルトセンスが変化したら、あなたの注意をそれに向けてください。

あなたが完全に一致したものを得たいときは、言葉（あるいはイメージ）はこの感じとピッタリしていますから、そのことをしばらくの間、味わってください。

5.尋ねる 「その全体の問題について、私をそう……させているのは何でしょうか。」

行き詰まったら次のように尋ねてください。 この感じで最も悪いのは何だろうか。 このことに関して何がそんなに困るんだろうか。 それで何がそんなに困るんだろうか。 それで何が必要なんだろうか。 どんなことが起こったらいいんだろうか。 答えないでください：気持が動き、その気持が答えを与えてくれるのを待ちましょう。

もしすべてがよろしい場合は、どんなふうに感ずるでしょうか。 からだに答えさせます。 そうするのに何がじゃまになっているでしょうか。

6.受け取る どんなものが浮かんできても歓迎してください。それによろこんで話させてください。 それはこの問題に関する1ステップにすぎず、最終のものではありません。 それがどこにあるかを知った今、それから離れたりあとでそこに戻ってくることもできます。 じゃまになる（自らの）批判的な声からそれを守ってください。

あなたのからだはもうひとまわりのフォーカシングを続けようとのぞんでいますか。それともここはちょうどよいやめる場所でしょうか。

フェルトセンスをつかむ実習 1. 黙って、自分のなかで、何か愛しているものか、美しいと思うものを選びます。もの、ペット、場所など、何でも結構です。何らかの意味で特別と感じているものを。1分か2分の時間をとりましょう。

2. ひとつにしぼる。「なぜ私は……を愛しているのか、あるいはなぜそれを美しいと思うのか」自分に尋ねる。

3. その、特別な、または愛しているという感じの全体を自分に感じさせます。自分がその感じになれる言葉がひとつか2つ見出せるかどうかをみます。

4. その言葉が何を指しているか自分に感じさせます。全体のフェルトセンスとつき合わせてみます。そして何か新しい言葉または気持ちが出てくるかどうか見ます。

この練習はフェルトセンスに注目する経験の手助けになります。それは大きくしかもはっきり感じられるけれども言語化できない何かです。あなたが愛しているという気持のほんのわずかしか実際の言葉にはならないことに注目してください。それでもその言葉が（もし見つかっていれば）なぜかフェルトセンスとぴったりの関係になっています。

以上抜粋

#日本語 #japanese #フォーカシング #focusing #september 2023 #メモ #長文 #2023年9月 #心の健康 #精神衛生 #やさしいフォーカシング #Ann Weiser Cornell #The Power of Focusing(1996) #Eugene Tovio Gendlin

[lutiaslayton]

See you this Saturday for the beginning of Professor Layton and the Illusory Forest!

There it is my friends! Democracy has spoken, and thus Layton's Book Club will from now on update on Saturdays at 19:00 (7pm) UTC!

The prologue of Illusory Forest will therefore be posted in two days. In the meantime, have a little appetiser!

And what's more, the first few pages of the novel actually contain official character designs for three brand new characters!

(The following images are digital scans kindly provided by Shinjinotikari17)

[Hershel Layton] An archaeology professor at Gressenheller College.

[Luke Triton] An 11-year-old young boy. He admires professor Layton.

(Level-5 how could you do him so dirty you can't have that be his intro he deserves so much better than that???)

[Emmy Altava] Professor Layton's official assistant. Photography is her hobby.

[Inspector Clamp Grosky] Member of Scotland Yard. A hot-blooded police detective endowed with miraculous physical prowess.

幻影の森の中にある And now, in the heart of the forest of illusions...

[Aston Bloom] A wealthy youth living in the village of “Neverlace.”

(For the record, feel free to have all the headcanons you want, but he is not related to Leonard Bloom. Leonard Bloom's Japanese name is actually ロナード・ブルーマイル -- so his last name is not ブルーム like Aston, and his Japanese name actually reads as something along the lines of "Ronaldo Bluemile", with the L's and R's being interchangeable.)

[Sania Cornell] A beautiful woman who fell into a coma due to an accident which occurred one year ago.

[Village Mayor] The Village mayor of “Neverlace.” He will entrust Layton with the puzzle of a cursed dial.

(Imagine not even giving that guy an actual name 😭)

[Jean Descole] An unidentified masked scientist.

[Index] Chapter 1: A Wedding Under Attack Chapter 2: The Forest of Neverlace Chapter 3: A Residence Wrapped in Mystery Chapter 4: The Cursed Village Chapter 5: The Sleeping Bride Chapter 6: The Forbidden Grove Chapter 7: The Mystery of the “Ancient Tree” Last Chapter: The Fate of the Forest Prince Epilogue

Puzzle Production:　Shin Onodera Puzzle Illustrations:　Ritsuro Takamura Main Illustrations:　Takuzō Nagano (Level 5 Inc.) Binding:　Hitoshi Shirayama & Bay Bridge Studio

And that's it for today! Are you guys hyped? In either case, I hope you will enjoy the ride. Be ready for more than 300 pages of a brand new official Layton story!

And now that said Saturday has passed, you can now start reading!

» Click here to start!

#professor layton #layton's book club #professor layton and the illusory forest #illusory forest #aston bloom #sania cornell

[princesssarisa]

Opera on YouTube, Part 2

Le Nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro)

Glyndebourne Festival Opera, 1973 (Knut Skram, Ileana Cotrubas, Kiri Te Kanawa, Benjamin Luxon; conducted by John Pritchard; English subtitles)

Jean-Pierre Ponnelle studio film, 1976 (Hermann Prey, Mirella Freni, Kiri Te Kanawa, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau; conducted by Karl Böhm; English subtitles) – Acts I and II, Acts III and IV

Tokyo National Theatre, 1980 (Hermann Prey, Lucia Popp, Gundula Janowitz, Bernd Weikl; conducted by Karl Böhm; Japanese subtitles)

Théâtre du Châtelet, 1993 (Bryn Terfel, Alison Hagley, Hillevi Martinpelto, Rodney Gilfry; conducted by John Eliot Gardiner; Italian subtitles)

Glyndebourne Festival Opera, 1994 (Gerald Finley, Alison Hagley, Renée Fleming, Andreas Schmidt; conducted by Bernard Haitink; English subtitles)

Zürich Opera House, 1996 (Carlos Chaussón, Isabel Rey, Eva Mei, Rodney Gilfry; conducted by Nikolaus Harnoncourt; English subtitles)

Berlin State Opera, 2005 (Lauri Vasar, Anna Prohaska, Dorothea Röschmann, Ildebrando d'Arcangelo; conducted by Gustavo Dudamel; French subtitles)

Salzburg Festival, 2006 (Ildebrando d'Arcangelo, Anna Netrebko, Dorothea Röschmann, Bo Skovhus; conducted by Nikolas Harnoncourt; English subtitles) – Acts I and II, Acts III and IV

Teatro all Scala, 2006 (Ildebrando d'Arcangelo, Diana Damrau, Marcella Orasatti Talamanca, Pietro Spagnoli; conducted by Gérard Korsten; English and Italian subtitles)

Salzburg Festival, 2015 (Adam Plachetka, Martina Janková, Anett Fritsch, Luca Pisaroni; conducted by Dan Ettinger; no subtitles)

Tosca

Carmine Gallone studio film, 1956 (Franca Duval dubbed by Maria Caniglia, Franco Corelli, Afro Poli dubbed by Giangiacomo Guelfi; conducted by Oliviero de Fabritiis; no subtitles)

Gianfranco de Bosio film, 1976 (Raina Kabaivanska, Plácido Domingo, Sherrill Milnes; conducted by Bruno Bartoletti; English subtitles)

Metropolitan Opera, 1978 (Shirley Verrett, Luciano Pavarotti, Cornell MacNeil; conducted by James Conlon; no subtitles)

Arena di Verona, 1984 (Eva Marton, Jaume Aragall, Ingvar Wixell; conducted by Daniel Oren; no subtitles)

Teatro Real de Madrid, 2004 (Daniela Dessí, Fabio Armiliato, Ruggero Raimondi; conducted by Maurizio Benini; English subtitles)

Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, 2011 (Angela Gheorghiu, Jonas Kaufmann, Bryn Terfel; conducted by Antonio Pappano; English subtitles)

Finnish National Opera, 2018 (Ausrinė Stundytė, Andrea Carè, Tuomas Pursio; conducted by Patrick Fournillier; English subtitles)

Teatro alla Scala 2019 (Anna Netrebko, Francesco Meli, Luca Salsi; conducted by Riccardo Chailly; Hungarian subtitles)

Vienna State Opera, 2019 (Sondra Radvanovsky, Piotr Beczala, Thomas Hampson; conducted by Marco Armiliato; English subtitles)

Ópera de las Palmas, 2024 (Erika Grimaldi, Piotr Beczala, George Gagnidze; conducted by Ramón Tebar; no subtitles)

Don Giovanni

Salzburg Festival, 1954 (Cesare Siepi, Otto Edelmann, Elisabeth Grümmer, Lisa della Casa; conducted by Wilhelm Furtwängler; English subtitles)

Giacomo Vaccari studio film, 1960 (Mario Petri, Sesto Bruscantini, Teresa Stich-Randall, Leyla Gencer; conducted by Francesco Molinari-Pradelli; no subtitles)

Salzburg Festival, 1987 (Samuel Ramey, Ferruccio Furlanetto, Anna Tomowa-Sintow, Julia Varady; conducted by Herbert von Karajan; no subtitles)

Teatro alla Scala, 1987 (Thomas Allen, Claudio Desderi, Edita Gruberova, Ann Murray; conducted by Riccardo Muti; English subtitles)

Peter Sellars studio film, 1990 (Eugene Perry, Herbert Perry, Dominique Labelle, Lorraine Hunt Lieberson; conducted by Craig Smith; English subtitles)

Teatro Comunale di Ferrara, 1997 (Simon Keenlyside, Bryn Terfel, Carmela Remigio, Anna Caterina Antonacci; conducted by Claudio Abbado; no subtitles) – Act I, Act II

Zürich Opera, 2000 (Rodney Gilfry, László Polgár, Isabel Rey, Cecilia Bartoli; conducted by Nikolaus Harnoncourt; English subtitles)

Festival Aix-en-Provence, 2002 (Peter Mattei, Gilles Cachemaille, Alexandra Deshorties, Mirielle Delunsch; conducted by Daniel Harding; no subtitles)

Teatro Real de Madrid, 2006 (Carlos Álvarez, Lorenzo Regazzo, Maria Bayo, Sonia Ganassi; conducted by Victor Pablo Pérez; English subtitles)

Festival Aix-en-Provence, 2017 (Philippe Sly, Nahuel de Pierro, Eleonora Burratto, Isabel Leonard; conducted by Jérémie Rohrer; English subtitles)

Madama Butterfly

Mario Lanfranchi studio film, 1956 (Anna Moffo, Renato Cioni; conducted by Oliviero de Fabritiis; no subtitles)

Jean-Pierre Ponnelle studio film, 1974 (Mirella Freni, Plácido Domingo; conducted by Herbert von Karajan; English subtitles)

New York City Opera, 1982 (Judith Haddon, Jerry Hadley; conducted by Christopher Keene; English subtitles)

Frédéric Mitterand film, 1995 (Ying Huang, Richard Troxell; conducted by James Conlon; English subtitles)

Arena di Verona, 2004 (Fiorenza Cedolins, Marcello Giordani; conducted by Daniel Oren; Spanish subtitles)

Sferisterio Opera Festival, 2009 (Raffaela Angeletti, Massimiliano Pisapia; conducted by Daniele Callegari; no subtitles)

Vienna State Opera, 2017 (Maria José Siri, Murat Karahan; conducted by Jonathan Darlington; no subtitles)

Wichita Grand Opera, 2017 (Yunnie Park, Kirk Dougherty; conducted by Martin Mazik; English subtitles)

Teatro San Carlo, 2019 (Evgenia Muraveva, Saimir Pirgu; conducted by Gabriele Ferro; no subtitles)

Rennes Opera House, 2022 (Karah Son, Angelo Villari; conducted by Rudolf Piehlmayer; French subtitles)

#opera #complete performances #youtube #le nozze di figaro #the marriage of figaro #tosca #don giovanni #madama butterfly #madame butterfly #wolfgang amadeus mozart #giacomo puccini

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Semiconductor lattice marries electrons and magnetic moments

A model system created by stacking a pair of monolayer semiconductors is giving physicists a simpler way to study confounding quantum behavior, from heavy fermions to exotic quantum phase transitions.

The group's paper, "Gate-Tunable Heavy Fermions in a Moiré Kondo Lattice," published March 15 in Nature. The lead author is postdoctoral fellow Wenjin Zhao in the Kavli Institute at Cornell.

The project was led by Kin Fai Mak, professor of physics in the College of Arts and Sciences, and Jie Shan, professor of applied and engineering physics in Cornell Engineering and in A&S, the paper's co-senior authors. Both researchers are members of the Kavli Institute; they came to Cornell through the provost's Nanoscale Science and Microsystems Engineering (NEXT Nano) initiative.

The team set out to address what is known as the Kondo effect, named after Japanese theoretical physicist Jun Kondo. About six decades ago, experimental physicists discovered that by taking a metal and substituting even a small number of atoms with magnetic impurities, they could scatter the material's conduction electrons and radically alter its resistivity.

Read more.

#Materials Science #Science #Semiconductors #Electronics #Magnetism #Quantum mechanics #Fermions #Kondo Effect #Cornell University

[my-random-thoughts-take-13]

Alright. With Crystalized seemingly pushing Llorumi we do have to talk about the incest part. And mostly the question; Is it even incest? Sounds stupid, yes.

I’ll be trying to stay objective and use fair argument combined with world lore.

Point of note, this might feel a little uncomfortable for some people because of the factuality possibly going against what some feel morally. You have now been warned.

To answer this question we first need to look at what incest actually is. This source is from the Cornell Law school in the IS.

Now this very clearly states that incest is the sexual relationship between two closely related parties like brother and sister, which is the argument we are talking about. Please note that I will not be taking the sexual part literally, since ace-spec is of course a thing everyone views different about them. For the sake of the argument we’ll assume that if they end up together they might be interested in it at some point. I will also not be taking most of the legal aspect into a count since Ninjago probably has different laws as opposed to the US. If anything they would take from Chinese and Japanese laws which… uhm…

Well let’s just say that no matter how incest-y it will get it’ll be legal in that case. Big fricking yikes to both those countries.

Back to the source, we now have to decide wether they are siblings. This source explicitly stated how the incest is between related parties, which they aren’t. There is no blood relation.

End case? No.

We now have to talk about adoption.

According to liveabout.com there is no legal way to marry as adopted siblings, not in the US at least. Which brings up the point of laws again, so I can ignore that for now. What I find more interesting is the forth sentence.

It stars how siblings, adopted by law, are siblings and can therefore not marry. Which leaves us with the question, did Garmadon actually adopt Harumi?

Yes, he took her as ‘his child’ in season 9, but I highly doubt that if they met up again in Crystalized he would suddenly have custody and be legally responsible for her crimes (by us law) since she is still a minor. And aside from that he adopted her for what, 2 or 3 in universe days? After that she died (partly because of him) and they’ve been virtually ignoring each other’s existence ever since. Yes Garmadon probably doesn’t know she’s alive, but I’m not entirely sure he’d care. Yes he went into a destructive rage when she died, but after that nothing seems to hold up. We may not have seen much of him since, but with how he felt about Lloyd in s10 I doubt he would still care about her as a parental figure, assuming he ever even did.

But of course there’s still the moral aspect. By this logic you could live alone in the woods your whole life with your child, then take another child from the streets and raise them both, and they could be married without legal or biological problems.

The reason it makes us uncomfortable is because in the scenario I just mentioned they were raised as siblings. But no matter how you look at it, Lloyd and Harumi just-

Weren’t.

They met before the ‘adoption’, they spent no time with their ‘father’ as a family, they grew up apart and met as teenagers, heck, they were friends for a week in s8 before Harumi did the whole crimeboss thing.

So, they is no blood relation, Harumi’s adoption was informal at best to a non-existent joke at worst and they have no kind of sibling relationship.

Counter argument!

This tweet was made by Tommy Andreason, one of the writers, a year ago in response to asking if it was accurate to view Morro and Lloyd as cousins since Wu took in Morro. Yo which I say

1. In all honesty these tweets have been wrong before

2. We can still apply that logic to the previous points we made.

In the Twitter argument we (almost) know Wu adopted Morro, just not legally. Meaning the legality of the Harumi adoption does not have to be considered for the argument to be “kind of right”. What should be considered however is the way zei and Morro’s relationship works. Because from every flashback we’ve seen, the s5 finale ánd Day of the Departed, we can clearly, CLEARLY tell they care. They care a lot.

Their training, their bonding, trying to save each other, and I’m sorry to say this but I just don’t see that with Garmadon here.

The closest we got was when Mystake pretended to be Harumi and Garmadon became weary of her because of not mentioning Skylor’s powers. Yes, this turned out to be accurate and he complimented Harumi for revealing the truth 2 minutes later.

And in episode 8 when she died she tried to convince him te leave to save their lives. He went on to ignore her and stay, threatening both of their lives, ignoring he regen she left and accidentally causing her death.

But even with all of this you could hold the argument that that’s just his personality, right? That was a major point in s10, right? YES. You are ABSOLUTELY right for thinking that. I for one at a huge s8-present Garmadon apologist and you could definitely view these scenes both ways. So in the end, the ‘is Garmadon a parent to Harumi and does the green cousins logic apply’ argument boils down to hoe Garmadon will react to her in Crystalized. Point of note that I have seen up until episode 17 at this point.

In the end absolutely everything boils down to how Garmadon will treat Harumi. It doesn’t matter if it will be as an ally, enemy, friend, people who have met before. As long as he doesn’t treat her as his daughter, I’m sorry people,

Then it cannot be considered incest.

And we can easily check this since he almost exclusively refers tobber as ‘my child’ or ‘my daughter’ in those few scenes. He just has to call her Harumi to her face. Heck, she just has to call him Garmadon to his face and it will prove those very fragile ‘familial bonds’ are broken. Besides, id Garmadon could disown his son just like that he could definitely do the same with an informally short term adopted child who now seems to not really care about him or at least be very disappointed in him (episode 13).

We just need one, ONE of these scenes and it’ll decide the case.

Does it seem like that incest at first glance? Yes. Can I understand the logic behind it? Yes. Can I imagine it making someone uncomfortable?DEFINITELY YES.

But in the end, when it comes down to it and you look at it from a factual and in-lore perspective, it just isn’t.

And this isn’t me smashing the ship doesn’t have problems, oh no. If you want to dislike the ship more than just ‘I don’t vibe with it’ (which is enough of a reason already) then there are tons, and I mean TONS of reasons I can definitely get behind. But in the end, this one isn’t it.

TL;DR

If you want to hate the ship don’t do it for the incest while there are perfectly viable and defendable reason to hate it.

Have a nice day!

#Ninjago #ninjago lloyd #ninjago harumi #ninjago garmadon #ninjago wu #ninjago morro #ninjago crystalized #ninjago llorumi #llorumi #ns5 #ns8 #ns9 #ns10 #ns15 #ns16

[mybeingthere]

Japanese printmaker Kumi Korf speaks:

"It is a magic moment, each time when the dampened paper is peeled off from the plate, revealing the transfered image from plate to paper. I love the surface of the copper plate, polished, worked, inked, and wiped. My technique of intaglio printing is tradtional, however the experience is more like painting than printing for me."

"I was born in Tokyo, Japan, and studied architecture at Tokyo University of Fine Arts. My MFA degree (1977) is from Cornell University, in print-making. My earliest artists’ books were exhibited at the Center for Book Arts and the Metropolitan Museum in 1986. I had an apprenticeship at Dieu Donné Papermill in 1987, and developed my own technique to create works using kozo fiber with inclusions of printed paper, cloth, threads, and pigmented linen pulp. I received a fellowship at Bob Blackburn’s Printmaking Workshop in 1990.

I have used intaglio printmaking as my personal tool for creating my own visual world. I have kept up with artists’ bookwork with equal obsessive passion. My recent artists’ bookworks include intaglio prints, letterpress, and structural inventions for bookbinding."

[hoursofreading]

The peregrine falcon was brought back from the brink of extinction by a ban on DDT, but also by a peregrine-falcon mating hat invented by an ornithologist at Cornell University. If you can’t buy this, Google it. Female falcons had grown dangerously scarce. A few wistful males nevertheless maintained a sort of sexual loitering ground. The hat was imagined, constructed, then forthrightly worn by the ornithologist as he patrolled this loitering ground, singing, Chee-up! Chee-up! and bowing like an overpolite Japanese Buddhist trying to tell somebody goodbye. For reasons neither scientists nor fashion designers entirely understand, this inspired the occasional male falcon to dive onto the ornithologist’s head, fuck the hat, and fire endangered sperm into the hat’s hidden rubber receptacle. The last few females were then artificially inseminated so that their chicks could be raised in DDT-free captivity. The young produced in this way saved the peregrine from extinction — a success story from the annals of human meddling, one as rare as debacles like DDT are common.

The Sun Magazine | Cherish This Ecstasy | By David James Duncan | Issue 391

😳

#quote

[issacovegx]

┊┊┊┊⋆ ✧　 　 · 　 ✧　✵

┊┊┊☆ *　　 * ⋆

┊┊★ *. 𝐰𝐞𝐥𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐭𝐨 𝐦𝐲 𝐛𝐥𝐨𝐠!

┊┊* . *　✦. (ɪᴛ’ꜱ ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴡᴀɪᴛɪɴɢ ꜰᴏʀ ʏᴏᴜ!)

┊☆ ° ✧　 　 ·

★*

main content/fandoms :

☆ attack on titan (mostly levi bc he is bae)

☆ taylor swift

☆ rants (im very chaotic)

I won’t recommend kids (under 13s) on this blog just because I will definitely be swearing LOUD and PROUD on here, sorry 11 year old boys

ᴍᴀꜱᴛᴇʀʟɪꜱᴛ: ᴜɴᴅᴇʀ ᴄᴏɴꜱᴛʀᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ

————————————————————————

about me! :

- i speak English, Japanese and German, all my native languages!

- i’m an undergraduate computer scientist at cornell, I mainly code in python

-countries I have visited: 🇮🇳🇦🇺🇹🇷🇺🇸🇲🇽🇬🇷🇯🇵

-i’ve worked in around 20 different Starbucks chains (dedication guys)

that’s about it! enjoy my blog darlings 🤍✨

[rauthschild]

One must study Law, religion, and Government, the best and most succinct explanation of "Federalism" I have ever encountered is that offered by the Cornell Law School online: 

"Federalism is a system of government in which the same territory is controlled by two levels of government. Generally, an overarching national government is responsible for broader governance of larger territorial areas, while the smaller subdivisions, states, and cities govern the issues of local concern.

Both the national government and the smaller political subdivisions have the power to make laws and both have a certain level of autonomy from each other." 

The only corrections or additions I would make to this definition would be to rewrite it thus for application in our Autochthonous Preamble Sovereign-Posterity General USNA Government--note the comments in parenthesis: 

Federalism is a system of government in which the same territory (a State of the Union is not a "territory")  is controlled by two (or more) levels of government. 

Generally, an overarching national government (provided by our Counties) is responsible for broader governance of larger territorial areas, while the smaller subdivisions, states, and cities govern the issues of local concern. (This applies in many other countries, but isn't exact for ours, because our "national government" is vested at the County level.) 

Both the national government and the smaller political subdivisions have the power to make laws and both have a certain level of autonomy from each other."

Our country is a little bit different when it comes to "Federalism".  

We do not have a National Government in the same sense that other countries have a National Government --- which protects us and causes consternation for everyone else. 

Please take yourselves back to the situation that prevailed at the time that this country and its government was being organized. 

Our Autochthonous country was populated by a variety of nations. From the beginning, we have had Native Nations, and we have had various European, African, South American, Asian, Australian, and even Pacific Islander nations populating our land and soil.  

How then, to make a single Nation out of this polyglot of separate national (formerly colonial) interests?  It's like a Crazy Quilt.  

Dutch colonists in Pennsylvania still owing allegiance and paying taxes to their European Monarchs, British colonists doing the same with respect to the British Monarch, Africans still owing allegiance to their Sultans and Kings, Natives owing allegiance to their tribal nations, people in Maryland, Delaware, and throughout the Eastern Seaboard owing allegiance to the Holy Roman Empire and the Pope, Chinese, Japanese, Australian, and Pacific Islanders on the West Coast all owing allegiance to their respective home nations and governments. 

How could we possibly forestall constant interference in our affairs from European and other Governments coming in here and claiming bits and pieces of our Nation-States as property belonging to their subjects? 

The answer our Black Forefathers worked out was to vest our National Interests --- our Soil Jurisdiction --- in the Counties, and separate the Counties off from the hurly-burly of international politics, which was vested at the State level in this country. 

This prevented international interests from coming in and "peeling" away our Counties via referendums of people having prior allegiances to these foreign governments. 

Instead, these foreign governments were restricted to interactions at the State level, and couldn't access the Counties holding our joint National Interests outside of international jurisdiction. 

This was called "American Isolationism" long before this same phrase was applied to trade policies. 

The Dutch, British, French, Italian, German, and other Monarchies were unable to attach to or attack or convert our National level of government, because the National Government vested in our physical Counties and living people was isolated from our International State jurisdiction. 

They couldn't get through the State "door" to reach our Counties. 

By the same token, our Counties couldn't get past the State to interact with all the foreign governments that had a prior interest. 

In this way, and by a process of individual declaration, Americans claimed and inherited all the land and all the soil of this country, no matter what nationality they originally had. 

This is just as true of Dutch settlers as French, as true for British colonists as Algonquin natives. We were all brought together via this "exceptional" investiture of our National soil jurisdiction in the physically defined Counties. 

Here, within the borders of our physically defined Counties, we all have equal standing and control of our daily lives and possession of our property interests. 

The over 3,000 physically defined Counties represent our National Government and they, together, represent the physically defined State's International Government.  

Our Counties share designated portions of the same land with their associated physically-defined State of the Union, which occupies and populates the international jurisdictions belonging to each State. 

Thus, Wisconsinites derive their nationality from their State of the Union in international terms, and derive their sovereignty as a national of their County's soil jurisdiction. 

This is the first level of "Federalism" defining our country's government. 

The National soil jurisdiction of each physically defined County is wedded to the international land and sea jurisdictions of the associated physically-defined State of the Union.

Most countries are organized so that Federalism occurs only between the international jurisdictions of land and sea and the global jurisdiction of the air. 

Picture the air encircling the globe. Then picture the land masses separated from the expanses of the sea. Obviously, you can touch the global air jurisdiction from either the land or the sea, however, when you do so, different laws apply and different authorities as well. 

When you access the global jurisdiction of the air from the sea, you are obliged to operate in the realm of Maritime Commerce.  When you access the global jurisdiction of the air from the land, you are obliged to operate in the venue of Global Commerce. 

Federalism between land and air, and sea and air, results in our States of the Union being able to operate in either Global or Maritime Commerce and all of our living people can likewise operate as either a Lawful Person accessing the Land-Air jurisdiction of Global Commerce, or as a Legal Person accessing the Sea-Air jurisdiction of Maritime Commerce. 

So Autochthonous Americans have three levels of Federalism while most countries have only two:

We have National/International federalism between our physically-defined Counties and States, and International/Global federalism between both Land/Global and Sea/Global jurisdictions. 

This is the result of the brilliant answer our Forefathers implemented as a way to keep foreign interests from interfering in our new country and keep them from continuing to promote colonial interests here.

This dual layer of Federalism continues to protect our people and our country to this day, providing a bulwark to enable local government and self-determination to triumph over the most sophisticated wiles of the old European Monarchies and Papal State executives. 

The Cornell Law definition of Federalism is wonderful and succinct, except that it refers only to "territorial" Federalism, as it is practiced in the rest of the world --- meaning Land-Air or Sea-Air  Federalism, and not the non-territorial or extra-territorial Federalism of our country and its County-State Federalism. 

Ironically, it is precisely this latter and lesser-known form of "federalism" that has enabled our country to withstand decades of violence and impersonation and breach of trust. 

Always remember that many nations may peacefully live on the same land and soil, but at the end of the day, both land and soil are only possessed by the living people of each country--- all of us, together. 

In this way, we find our inheritance intact, our lives secured, and one nation formed out of many: E Pluribus Unum. 

#ados #blacklivesmatter #blackvotersmatters #donald trump #joe biden #blackmediamatters #blackvotersmatter #news #naacp

[vespersposts]

Natsukashii

Hi lovelies 🍵,

Today we anticipate Akashi's birthday because a lovely reader requested the Prince of Kyoto as a neighbour. 🌸

💖 What about Seijuro? That I have a crush on him too? (#donttelldaiki)

I know that as a canon he's supposed to play shoji/run his father's empire, but…. I thought a slightly different twist for him, one that highlights his innate culture and unique charisma. I hope it's an enjoyable read!

📮Comments, criticism, sharing and like are so appreciated!📮

Follow the #knbhousewarming or #housewarmingbyvesper to find all the entries, or just ask for a tag I’d be glad to add you.

Who’s gonna be next? (🦁hint: his names means Tiger, but he was born under the Leo sign). If you prefer a different knb boy, let me know!

Love always,

V.

💋PS: If any of you amazing authors would like to contribute with original work to this series, that would be a dream for me. Please send me the link and tag me so I won’t miss any stories, and use the #knbhousewarming , as the platform sometimes gets crazy.

💣PPS: I apologize in advance for any grammatical and/or spelling mistakes, English is not my first language (bear with me!).

➿Genre: fluff, slice of life, one shot.

🏡 Housewarming Masterlist🏡

New York, Ithaca

Thursday, 10.45 A.M (ET)

A sunny October morning.

The dark car parked in front of the building was the sign you waited for, three mornings a week, so you could watch him sure you wouldn't be seen.

The new tenant of your stately mansion, the professor extraordinaire of Japanese culture from the prestigious Cornell University, was a boy your age, yet so different, so... peculiar. He had long been wooed by the 'higher-ups' Seth, the concierge who always knew everything, had told you. In the end, they had managed to put him under contract if only for one academic year.

A charming young man, so polite and yet so avoidant.

Not that you were the classic meddlesome neighbour, but you certainly had your talents and your speech impaired by his innate, yet unquestionable, charisma which had never allowed you to dare more than a greeting on the stairs, especially after that.

You avert your gaze from the dark car and direct it to your cup of coffee, remembering almost with shame that silly incident that had occurred only ten days before.

A bouquet of flowers, a paper bag of organic oranges and a small cake that you would have brought on Friday night to one the weekly dinner your friend Audrey had organized. She was formally worried about your embarrassing love life, but more realistically she had set you up on a stack of blind dates. You were juggling these things, moving slowly up the staircase, when your attention had dimmed for a moment, just long enough to notice him on the landing of the staircase in front of you, perfect in his dark gray tailored suit, so perfect, that he looked like a fantasy of yours. 

His elegant bearing, his serene but assertive expression, his eyes of such a velvety shade that made your heart beat a little faster when his gaze meets yours, and his hair, perhaps your absolute favourite thing about him. Magenta locks, as bright as silk, framed his perfect oval, his skin so white and firm, looked like fresh snow. You'd tried to pull yourself together, straightening your back, pointing your heel at the wrinkled upholstery that lined those damned wooden stairs, but it had been inevitable to put your foot down badly and, in order not to fall, drop all of your shopping. You had felt the shivers run down your spine at the same pace as the oranges roll away, made fast by the slope of the staircase.

Everything under his concerned eyes, that had become suddenly wide. His quick steps towards you, his warm hand helping you up from falling on your knees. 

And his scent, oh! His scent: an enchanting swirl of cardamom, cedar and amber. So sophisticated and yet so warm.

"Are you feeling well? Are you hurt?" he was quick to ask, kneeling down in turn near you, supporting you with his arm, looking at you with heartfelt apprehension.

"Y-yes," you had stammered, trying to ignore your cream-stained trousers and the flowers crushed by your bare feet, now that your shoes had reached the oranges at the bottom of the staircase, retrieved by a laughing Seth.

"I don't actually find anything amusing about it, she could have been seriously wounded by your negligence!" the young man had shot back at him, in an authoritative tone, eliciting embarrassment from the doorman. 

“Let me escort you “ he had then proposed, stretching out his arm and supporting you, as far as the front door, where he had taken his leave with a simple smile, even finding your words of thanks overstated.

But Akashi Seijuro was more than perfect, he was astonishing.

You became aware of it a few hours later, when the delivery boy from 'La Bergamote', the city's most renowned pastry shop, rang your doorbell with a sweet work of art, a net of oranges and a bouquet of white flowers in his hands.

' Wishing you the evening you imagined. A.S. '

You had read that note twenty times before you understood its meaning.

Surprising.

Placing his dark coat on the rack in his study, Akashi wondered if he would ever fit in in that city so far from Kyoto, not only geographically, but mainly, culturally. He had found himself in a hectic, noisy city where people hardly spoke to him with respect, apart from a few rare exceptions. 

He had his students, he told himself. 

And then there was you, his eccentric neighbour.

He sat down at his dark wooden desk and passed through his hands the thick bundle with  consignments that his diligent secretary had promptly printed out for him, perhaps oblivious to his technological abilities. 

That country was so, he told himself, excessive in every way.

He opened the pearly-coloured envelope with the university seal and could not help but sigh when he saw what it contained.

"No way!" he huffed, lifting the receiver to ask for explanations from the head of the department, who plainly and simply told him that he could not miss the gala dinner arranged in his honour, even if his contract did not provide for specific obligations.

"Bring a pretty girl and the evening will take a different turn, you'll see!" the other advised him, thinking he was being nice, but coming across as unnecessarily gross.

As if he used ploys, like dinners or gifts to get a woman's attention.

As if she, the one who was destined to be at his side, would be enticed by a prosaic display of fake elegance.

Disgusting.

He checked his watch, left his desk, buttoned his jacket over his white shirt and, retrieving his laptop and a leather briefcase, headed for the classroom to deliver his lecture. 

As he spoke, he loved watching their faces, the faces of the future generation. Some of them eagerly took notes, others nodded diligently, others avoided his gaze but everyone in that small group was keen to follow his lessons and that was more than enough for him. Even if sometimes their questions were specious or naive, even if more than once he had received anonymous love offers left on his desk during the coffee break, when he usually leaves the room to call Japan.

Disclosing culture appealed to him, he liked it more than leading the Akashi economic empire. He would talk about the heroes of the Edo sagas and feel himself as a child again, his eyes full of wonder and admiration for the fearless samurais and cruel shoguns. He would answer the boys' questions and see his younger self at Rakuzan, or at Teiko if it was a tough day.

Lately, they were all tiring days.

He thanked the driver and got out of the dark car, lifting his gaze to your window, partly out of curiosity, partly out of habit, partly because he had not seen you, since that incident. Perhaps he had been too intrusive, perhaps something in your genuine gesture of pure courtesy had been read as an invasion of privacy.

Cultural divide, he had repeated himself for the umpteenth time.

At Audrey's house everyone gets stunned when you show the pretty package of the dessert you brought, the twin of the one he gave you that night. You mentally thank your neighbour, and wonder if that curly-haired big guy you're seated next to, really thinks he can take you home by filling your glass with low-quality red wine. You don't even like red wine, not tonight at least. If only he had been there, you wouldn't have been bored to death. 

"Translations, I do translations. I was born and raised in Germany, so it comes pretty natural to me" you had explained, almost immediately losing his attention, which had been all focused commenting on a football match of a few days earlier.

Coming back home with an excuse, alone in your taxi, you had wondered what you had gone there for. You close the flat door behind you, and that's the first thing you see. 

White flowers, still incredibly fresh because they are made of silk.

You touch them carefully, smooth and precious just as you think his skin is. You admire them lovingly, as you would look at his features. You bring your face closer and smell their natural scent, just as you would like to do with him, sinking your forehead into his chest.

And then there is his note, which you read again and again, like a lucky charm. You sigh, because you so well know what your ideal evening would be. You sigh again, because you are going to do something stupid. On the other hand, you didn't run off from Audrey's house without a reason.

You open the fridge and take out the small vacuum packet you got yourself that afternoon, after crossing half the city, all to have an excuse to talk to him. You caress the sachet with the green powder, slide it into a paper bag and close your present for him. You take a breath and tell yourself you are ready, even though every fibre in you screams that you are not.

You press your finger on the golden bell and exhale, trying to ignore the surge of adrenaline that shakes your nerves when you hear the latch turn and see the door open.

You smile back, and wonder how one could be so attractive.

A simple white T-shirt, a dark grey waistcoat and a pair of soft trousers in the same shade. His magnetic eyes, perfect hands and a hint of a smile, as he invites you to sit down.

A majestic flat with dark furniture that is nevertheless not gloomy. An impeccable taste, a perfect balance between extremes, which can only succeed to a great mind like his. 

"I wanted to thank you for helping me... Here, I thought you might have missed this, away from home" you announce to him, placing a paper envelope on the living room table, which he immediately opens, and which immediately gives you the pleasure of seeing his face lightened up by surprise.

"It's a gift I really appreciate" he tells you, turning the chasen between his long fingers "May I have the pleasure of offering you the first cup?" he asks, smiling sweetly as you nod, leading the way to the kitchen where he places a cast-iron kettle on the stove. 

"In Japan we don't have a term for home-sickness as a negative feeling" he explains, as you move next to him to kitchen counter "We rather evoke our fondest memories with joy" he concludes, casting a fleeting glance at the teapot.

"And how do you say it?" you ask him, enraptured by his words.

"Natsukashii" he smiles and his face takes on a very tender expression, as if that word in his language has warmed his heart.

"Beautiful" you comment, because Seijuro really is, now that his incredible eyes look at you with an expression you can't quite decipher, but you know is a form of affection. 

You move a strand of hair behind your ear, lower your gaze for a moment and then shift it back to him, who is slowly pouring a trickle of boiling water on the green powder, moving to the side just enough so that you can see his every move and learn from him.

"In my language it is called heimweh. "Heim", the place where you belong and "weh" the pain or rather that sensation that clutches your throat and stomach, which only those far away know" you tell him, as he dissolves the green powder with the whip.

"I think I suffer from heimweh, no doubt" he tells you suddenly, contemplating for a few seconds the foam that has formed on the perfectly blended green liquid.

"This city is hard, if you're not willing to become like everyone else " you confide to him, thanking him as his hands place the drink in yours, as gently as he would bring you a flower. He watches you proudly as you rest your lips on the rim of the handcrafted cup and taste the matcha for the first time, amazed by its aroma so bitter but also so addictive.

"It's excellent " you smile at him, clashing his cup against yours, eliciting his hilarity.

"Don't ever do this in Japan, or you'll be banned from every tea room in the country!" he laughs lovingly, underlining his good intention by brushing your cheek with his fingertips, light as an angel's feathers.

You would like to play it down, but the Mulan quote in your mind would only make you look shallow and ignorant, more so than you already feel in front of him. (*)

"Seriously, how do you deal with this heimweh thing?" he asks back, leaning back on his cup and crossing his arms over his chest.

"With sehnsucht. It means desire" you explain to him " Finding someone who is home, away from home" you smile, placing a hand on his own "Someone to help us when we need it, someone to talk to freely, someone to give you a bouquet of silk flowers that keeps you more company than your friends" you conclude, letting him welcome your fingers between his and smiling at you.

"It's a thing of no value" he tells you almost in a whisper.

"It's not, because he reminds me of you, and you make me feel so special Seijuro" you confess, looking him straight in the eyes, smiling when you feel his arms around your waist. His good perfume, his serene breath, his magenta hair so soft between your fingers.

"Does this count as sehnsucht ?" he asks you, resting his warm lips against your cheek, not losing eye contact for a minute.

"No " you reply playfully, smiling at him when you see him interested in your sweet provocation. You feel his hands behind your ears, his fingers, light as silk flowers, bring your face to his and he kisses you, softly, slowly, letting go with a smile.

"I would love to be your home away from home, Seijuro " you whisper to him, hiding your flushed face on his pecs.

"You already are my sehnsucht. You're the only reason I don't hate New York and you are so much more  " he smiles at you, lifting your chin with two fingers, leaning over you for the first of a long series of kisses.

The new tenant of your stately home, was a young man of your age, yet so different from anyone you had ever met, so clearly and unquestionably elegant, charismatic and full of attention that he made even a hectic city like that a corner of paradise, where heimweh becomes natsukashii, only 'cause he is your home away from home.

(*) Dishonour! Dishonour on your whole family! Dishonour on you, dishonour on your cow

#knb akashi #knb #kuroko no basket #knb x reader #the basketball which kuroko plays #akashi x reader #akashi seijuro #vesperwrites #knb scenarios #knb fanfic #knb x y/n #kuroko no basuke #knb fluff #knbhousewarming #housewarmingbyvesper #donttelldaiki

[xenons-auxiliary-depths]

the man

Name: Joseph Cornell

Height: 6'0"

Arcana: The Tower

Persona: Vril-ya (?)

Weapon of Choice: Indradhanus

Bio: As a rising star in the American division of the Kirijo Group, Cornell has had his work cut out for him, but he has continually excelled in every situation he has found himself in. Now, as the current head engineer of the American division, he has directed its efforts to produce top-quality products for the conglomerate as a whole.

However, what lies beyond the surface is someone who will stop at nothing to realize his dream, no matter the cost. One night, in a dream, Cornell had an encounter with a figure who promised him an easy path towards his ultimate goal. He accepted the offer, and when he woke up, he discovered that he had not only awakened to the power of Persona, but also now had a shimmering bow which complemented him perfectly.

With the help of his Persona, he conducted research on this power, with his liaison in the Japanese division helping translate many research documents held in the archives of the Kirijo Group. Although initially keeping this a secret, rumors about Cornell's actions soon started to circulate in the top echelons of the conglomerate, reaching the other side of the Pacific. The head of the Group summoned him to Japan, demanding an explanation. Little did she know that this was the perfect opportunity for Cornell to begin realizing his dream...

A dream of a new, perfect world.

#persona oc #persona #my oc #ocs: cornell

[brookstonalmanac]

Birthdays 7.20

Beer Birthdays

Louis Hudepohl (1842)

Peter Adolph Schemm (1852)

George Reisch (1957)

Arne Johnson (1965)

Five Favorite Birthdays

Thomas Berger; writer (1924)

Stone Gossard; rock musician (1966)

Edmund Hillary; New Zealand mountaineer, explorer (1919)

Max Liebermann; German artist (1847)

Diana Rigg; actress (1938)

Famous Birthdays

Lola Albright; actor (1926)

Alexander the Great; Macedonian king (356 B.C.E.)

Giselle Bundchen; Brazilian model (1980)

Kim Carnes; singer (1945)

Chris Cornell; rock singer (1964)

Donna Dixon; actor (1957)

Desmond Douglas, Jamaican-English table tennis player (1955)

Omar Epps; actor (1973)

Judy Greer; actress (1975)

Nikolaes Heinsius the Elder; Dutch poet (1620)

Sally Ann Howes; actor (1930)

Erik Axel Karlfeld; Swedish poet (1864)

Periklis Korovesis; Greek author (1941)

Cormac McCarthy; writer (1933)

Alistair MacLeo;, Canadian novelist (1936)

Clements Markham; English explorer (1830)

Gregor Mendel; Austro-German scientist (1822)

László Moholy-Nagy; Hungarian artist (1895)

Giorgio Morandi; Italian painter (1890)

Sandra Oh; actress (1971)

Petrarch; Italian poet (1304)

Richard Owen; English zoologist (1804)

Nam June Paik; artist (1932)

Francesco Petrach; Italian scholar (1304)

Tadeusz Reichstein; Polish-Swiss chemist *1897)

Wendy Richard; English actor (1943)

Carlos Santana; rock guitarist (1947)

T. G. Sheppard; country music singer-songwriter (1944)

Taichō; Japanese monk (682)

Frank Whaley; actor (1963)

Dean Winters; actor (1964)

Natalie Wood; actress (1938)

#Birthdays

[deuceofgears]

overview of the Battle of Myeongnyang

Hey I found this hilarious 2-year-old Reddit thread on Admiral Yi and the Battle of Myeongnyang.

So, some commentary to clarify the matter/in-jokes for the curious! I took a course focusing partly on this war (from Prof. Barry S. Strauss, Cornell U., a classicist and military historian who became interested in Korea - he and his wife adopted two children from Korea), studied this specific battle for that course, and am familiar with a number of the English-language sources. (Notes on sources at the end.)

Incompetence of enemies: This is a little more complicated than that. The Japanese had BY FAR the superior, seasoned land forces after being forged in Sengoku, of which the two main armies were led by Katō and Konishi. (Those two had a rivalry, which was IIRC partly informed by one being a Buddhist and the other a Christian.) Meanwhile, the Korean land forces largely had inept leadership, with a few exceptions.

I want to explain the ineptitude of the Korean (land) forces here, with some context that isn't always known in the West. First, the dynasty of that time (the Yi Dynasty or Joseon Dynasty) was founded by a rebel general. They were paranoid about a repeat performance, so their brilliant solution was to quarter the generals in the capital (Hanyang/Seoul) and leave the armies out in the provinces. Brilliant! Great way to neuter your military!

Cultural factors also: Joseon largely preferred a peaceful existence. If you think about GEOSTRATEGY, the Korean peninsula is stuck beneath China (seriously: Don't Piss Off China is a whole Korean thing) and then there's Japan (multiple invasions during the course of Korean history). As the saying goes, "Korea is a shrimp between two whales" (or "a shrimp among whales," I've seen different translations).

The literati/noble class (yangban) highly valued scholarship and the military was much less prestigious. Yi took the test for military service and actually originally FLUNKED (the cavalry portion, more about that anon) because he fell off his horse and broke his leg. :p

This was also influenced by neo-Confucianism, for which the short explanation is Hi! We will imitate our older brother China! We are going to be MORE CONFUCIAN than the Confucians! Confucianism valued scholarship over the military. This also leads to the interesting interlude where the history of conflict between Confucianism and Buddhism in Korea ("renounce the material world" was seen as threatening to the former) led to super awkward negotiations with the BUDDHIST WARRIOR MONKS AND THEIR ABBOT to help defend the country.

Also in the facepalm realm for Joseon infantry, Portuguese traders did try to introduce muskets to Joseon. The Korean comment was "they look like dogs' legs" and a lack of interest. This was not the case in Japan, where they figured out how to use muskets to advantage.

And the thing is, Joseon had gunpowder, but they were in the realm of artillery, e.g. the terrifying hwacha (multiple rocket launcher; the name literally is "fire cart"), and naval cannon (more below). But not infantry small arms.

Another cultural factor: Joseon had a unified military in terms of branches, which is to say, there wasn't a separate army and navy. They were one service. (Even in the S. Korean military, the word for "admiral" and "general" are the same, ditto down the separate branches, which I believe are modeled after the USAn model because, well, history around the Korean War. See here for Hangeul/romanized rank names.) What makes this interesting is that, essentially, Admiral Yi had no previous specific naval experience before taking command of Left Jeolla (Chŏlla in McCune-Reischauer) and its fleet. He was previously posted to a northern commandery fighting against the Jurchens; did well there. But he wasn't "navy" in the sense of working with ships previously.

Aside: I also find the fact that Joseon had CAVALRY to be hilarious, given the very very very mountainous/cavalry-hostile terrain. (My theory for this, which may or may not be current, is that Koreans are more or less descended from steppes horse people who rode down into the peninsula and couldn't find their way out again; cf. the Silla antler crowns being believed to have a similar heritage to similar Siberian artifacts. I'm sure there are mountainous countries somewhere who have fielded decent cavalry. Joseon flail-wielding cavalry was probably not it.)

In any case, upon being appointed naval CO for Left Jeolla, Yi began preparing for invasion from Japan, including the construction of the turtle ships. One thing people are often confused about - the turtle ships were in fact very impressive, but they were NOT the mainstay of the fleet; those were the panokseon ships.

So, the deal with Japan is: Great infantry! Inferior naval doctrine and ships that did not fare as well in Korea's waters, and certain deficiencies in construction by comparison. I'm oversimplifying here, but Japan's naval doctrine was necessarliy "Sail up to you! Board you with our soldiers!" They had great infantry but their ships carried at best 5 or 6 cannon.

Joseon's panokseon carried 20+ cannon (possibly up to 50) with ranges of 500-1,000 m. Joseon's naval doctrine was "We have cannon! Broadsides from range!!!" Just think about the difference in FIREPOWER.

Added to that, Korean ships were more sturdily built (which allowed them to carry more cannon in the first place). I have never heard that flimsier ships are good for standing up against broadsides. And the Japanese ships were faster in open waters, but the deeper draft meant they suffered in Korean coastal waters even beyond not knowing the coast as well, and didn't turn as well, especially in Korea's coastal channels. The panokseon, better adapted to Korean coastal waters, could turn sharply and more easily.

To be clear, Hideyoshi was aware of the naval issue. IIRC Hideyoshi tried to impress pirates who preyed on the Korean coast/islands because of their knowledge of the local waters.

For Admiral Yi's part, he was not a Jeolla native but he intensively and actively questioned locals about the local waters and enemy activities and evaluated their intel (his war diary will say things like "not entirely reliable report" or whatever). I also tend to imagine that Korean peasants/fishers are probably going to be friendlier about providing intel to a fellow Korean during an invasion but what do I know; as a friend pointed out, the fishers probably also just wanted to go fish and not deal with military people from anywhere. Yi also actively worked to rehabilitate the fleet/build more ships before the invasion came.

Also, Hideyoshi's larger goal wasn't Korea! Ideally he could get Korea to roll over so he could pass his troops through! His goal was China and then maybe, after that, all the way to India! (Hahahah holy logistics NO.) And in fact Ming China sent aid, or "aid," to help defend Korea; I say "aid" because Ming troops often committed atrocities while passing through Korea, including rape; a number of Koreans also raped their own countryfolk under cover of the war. Anyway, Hideyoshi originally sent envoy Sō Yoshitoshi of Tsushima, who was known to Korea thanks to trade agreements, to try to get Korea to knuckle under. Sō dragged his heels about this because this would suck for trade agreement purposes and also, he probably had a much more realistic idea of how the Korean court would respond, which was, to paraphrase, lolnope.

So: Japan rolled Korean defenses up on land. Japan got hosed at sea because somehow the Korean military produced Admiral Yi. Yi's victories at sea fucked up Japan's LOCs over the water.

Meanwhile, Joseon: very problematic king: it sure helped morale when the king fled the capital, not, but OTOH given the general terrible quality of Korea's military leadership…and then, on the other hand, the court was WILDLY fucked up with infighting/factions/politics, Admiral Yi was THROWN INTO JAIL AND TORTURED during the mid-war interlude before the Japanese came back. And then Yi got reinstated AND STAYED LOYAL. The level of virtue/loyalty he showed to the regime is astonishing. Honestly the sources are pretty universal on his levels of humility, loyalty, and filial piety; if you read his papers in Nanjung Ilgi he was VERY VERY CONCERNED about his mom.

The Imjin War is also a weird example where you can say that Yi's leadership singlehandedly made a difference in the war at sea because there's almost a "scientific" test. After Yi's rival Won Kyun took over the Korean fleet from Yi, who had been removed from command, he took the Korean fleet of 200 ships vs. 500-1,000 Japanese ships and lost so badly that only twelve (12) ships remained. (Also, Won Kyun died, GOOD RIDDANCE.)

Admiral Yi was reinstated and fought the Battle of Myeongnyang directly afterward. Thirteen (13) ships in his fleet, last stand, he was outnumbered AT LEAST ten to one; the Japanese had 133 or more ships. Yi inflicted a crushing defeat by exploiting local very weird currents and lost no ships.

Additionally, here's the role of the fishing boats: he rounded up a bunch of them and arranged them in a line at the edge of visibility to confuse the issue by fooling the Japanese into thinking they were a large Korean fleet, and the "actual" fleet of 13 ships was just a squadron.

BTW, if you look at the Wikipedia account of The Battle of Myeongnyang, the article states that the tidal currents shifted every THREE hours, which is incorrect information propagated from the Stephen Turnbull book cited (and what Ken Liu and I have kvetched about); the shifts are every SIX hours. (See end re: sources for more discussion of this.) In any case, these currents went at about 10 knots, which was literally as fast as the Japanese ships could go EVER. (Panokseon weren't all that fast either, but they had CANNON.) Yi exploited the timing of the currents, to basically draw the Japanese into the strait (the currents pushing the Japanese forward) so they couldn't escape or maneuver effectively, and then attacking/advancing against the Japanese when the current's flow reversed and propelled the Korean fleet forward. The narrowness of the strait negated the numerical advantage of the Japanese, so Yi could destroy them a few at a time. Also, remember the advantage in firepower? Yeah.

…whoa wait what Candle Arc is cited (under fictional depictions)?! It's not technically quite true to say that Shuos Jedao is based on Admiral Yi, in that they have EXACTLY OPPOSITE PERSONALITIES. I just stole the tactics.

Anyway! Yi lost zero (0) ships. The Japanese were routed and lost perhaps 30 fighting ships, possibly others.

There are apocryphal stories about a chain across the strait; this is generally regarded as a myth. Admiral Yi's reports and war diary make no mention of such a thing, etc.

I do want to be clear that while Admiral Yi was virtuous by Korean standards, he wasn't a soft cinnamon roll either. He regularly had cowards whipped, or deserters/cowards/etc. beheaded, as one would kind of expect for a military commander of his day.

But yeah. This is widely regarded as the best example of his tactical brilliance. (The other, earlier battle that's highly regarded, although not as ZOMG as this one, is Hansan-do.) Japan's Admiral Togo Heihachiro, after defeating a Russian fleet during the Russo-Japanese War (1905): a colleague compared him to Admiral Nelson and Admiral Yi Sun-shin. Togo's response: "It may be proper to compared me with Nelson, but not with Korea's Yi Sun-shin. He is too great to be compared to anyone." A JAPANESE ADMIRAL.

Although I remember a class discussion on AUs and so on to the tune of, Korea and/or the world may have screwed themselves over by trashing the Hideyoshi's navy so soundly. Because THE JAPANESE PAY ATTENTION TO MILITARY LESSONS. You know what they worked on polishing to a high gloss after that? THEIR NAVY. Cue e.g. the Russo-Japanese War (hugely shocking to the West when the Japanese WON) and, you know, Imperial Japan generally, WWII, etc. :] Tbh if Japan somehow decided that they were going to do the military thing and conquer the world with GUNDAMS, I would be scared out of my mind, not least because all the anime fans would be signing up in droves. I will never forget a ca. 2000 American anime fan's webpage about Robotech and how ridiculous/unbelievable it was that Minmei's singing/"power of culture" could have any kind of real effectiveness. Me: Ah yes, you, an American weeb, obsessively writing about an American cartoon that's a mashup of three Japanese shows, I can't see any "power of culture" here at all, lol, I think the Japanese are winning this.

Note on sources and further reading: the difficulty regarding sources for the English-language (or other) reader: the Korean official records were generally? written in Classical Chinese. I'm pretty sure a bunch of primary sources like the Imjin Changch'o [Admiral Yi Sun-Shin's Memorials to Court] and 난중일기 / 亂中日記 / Nanjung Ilgi [War Diary of Admiral Yi Sun-Shin] have been translated into modern Korean, plus what must be an immense amount of scholarship in modern Korean. In the case of the Imjin Changch'o and Nanjung Ilgi, there do exist English translations from Yonsei UP although they are old and typo-ridden. If you read Korean, you're probably okay for Korean sources. If you read Classical Chinese, even better. (If you're wondering why the romanization of those titles doesn't match modern romanization, the publications are old enough that they're using McCune-Reischauer, not the reformed system that the S. Korean government put into place ca. 2002. Except for the above or for modern people's names, where romanization is at "whatever works" and there is no standardized method, I have used the modern system throughout.)

The older English-language books extant around the time I was reading up on this and/or taking a class on the subject:

- Samuel Hawley's The Imjin War (if you only have time for one book, this is probably my pick - it is the best single-volume introduction and overview, gives cultural/historical context, discusses the roles of the Ming and Japan as well as civilian impact (the war was HUGELY ruinous to the population given how poorly Korea fared on land and, y'know, THREE armies plus looters/rapists), and from there you can go off to argue with him)

- Park Yune-hee's Admiral Yi and His Turtleboat Armada (solid info focused on the military/shipbuilding end, but the title is WILDLY misleading about how many turtleboats there were, it was mostly a panokseon show)

- Michael D. Shin's Korean History in Maps (fun, but supplemental)

- Stephen Turnbull, whose specialty is Japanese military history, has some books from that standpoint, but there are some problems with his account of Myeongnyang. I'm irritated that his inaccurate information on the Myeongnyang tidal current phenomenon keeps propagating in English ALL OVER THE PLACE. Turnbull claims the tidal currents reversed every THREE hours. Korean sources I've checked, e.g. 천체의 궤도 운동 주기 분석을 통한 명량대첩 당시의 명량수도 조류 상태에 관한 연구 (A study on the current state of Myeongnyangsu water at the time of the Myongryang battle through analysis of the orbital motion period of celestial bodies), have it much more logically at every SIX hours. I am of the opinion that Korean scholars are much more likely to know what the hell is going on in their waters than Stephen fucking Turnbull. Also, you know, the way TIDES work on EARTH with its 24-hour rotation and BASIC MATH (I was ??? and ran this by a computational geologist and an astrophysicist for a sanity check, who both agreed that they had no idea how Turnbull arrived at THREE hours; my going theory is Turnbull Cannot Math).

- There are Chinese sources (I am unfamiliar with these, although IIRC Ken Liu was familiar with them last time I talked to him about this a DECADE ago) and IIRC some from European traders who were operating in the area at the time. The Portuguese for sure; I could have sworn the Dutch as well but I can't remember clearly.

- Also please approach the goddamn Wikipedia page on the Battle of Myeongnyang with caution. If you'll look at the Talk page, beyond even the Turnbull error, there is a Japan-vs.-Korea-among-other-things flamewar, as one might expect. It's very entertaining. XD

Some more English-language scholarship has come out on this since then. One of these days I'll have the time to catch up. :)

#long post #imjin war #korea #military history #admiral yi sun-shin #battle of myeongnyang