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#Alternatively: what if Luigi finally snapped?
elitadream · 6 months
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What if this was Luigi's fight all along?
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vintageeskimos · 7 years
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Ahhh beautiful Florence. The time of Renaissance art, and the Medici family.
This post is the continuation of my trip with Ashley, Emily Mac., Emily D., Rachel, Mallory, and now Megan! If you haven’t read my first post about Bologna, I recommend you do so here.
We left Bologna and took a 30 some-minute train ride to Florence. I have always been in love with Florence. It is a city I could revisit over and over again. To be honest, this was my third time in this gorgeous city. Most of us girls have been here before as well: Ashley, Megan, Emily Mac., and Rachel. So it was only Emily D. and Mallory whom have never seen it’s beauty.
In short here is what I recommend:
Florence:
Yellow Bar – not a bar, but a restaurant that serves homemade pasta daily
Monkey Bar – awesome dive bar
Viktoria Lounge Bar – modern bar lounge w/ great cocktails & service
Ditta Artigianale -Best cafe/bar to grab a caffè, brunch, and/or breakfast 
50 Sfumature di Gusto – my favorite restaurant in Florence
Once we arrived, we found our way to our airbnb. Unfortunately, it was too early to check-in so we decided to find a place to grab a bite. Nearby we found a place called Yellow Bar.
I didn’t realize until we sat down and everything, but Ashley and I have been there before. Crazy thing is when we studied abroad in Rome, three years ago, we each had a class that brought us on a class trip to Florence. And both of our classes ate at this exact restaurant where they make fresh pasta daily. I can see why we ate here because it is good AF. The only downside is that it is always packed with tourists, but in a big and famous city, such as Florence, you will always see them roaming around.
I knew exactly what I wanted as soon as I saw them making the fresh pasta: Freshly handmade gnocchi con gorgonzola (potato pasta with gorgonzola cheese)
(Left: The amazing gnocchi con gorgonzola)
(From left to right: Ashley, Mallory, Emily Mac., Rachel, Emily D., Me)
(Left: Ashley and I fooling around on snapchat. Right: Drinking every last drop of my wine)
Yellow bar is the place to be when you are hungry in Florence. Nothing fancy in atmosphere, but super appetizing food.
As you can tell, Megan wasn’t dining with us because her train from Rome was arriving a bit later on. After we filled our stomachs with food, we made our way to our Airbnb.
Now let me tell you something, this Airbnb looked AMAZING in photos online, but the internet doesn’t do it justice. The place was HUGE and every window in the apartment had a breath-taking view.
I was obsessed and if I was a millionaire I would have bought that place right on the spot. Between the huge kitchen, spacious bedrooms, comfy living room, incredible views, and location, I was hooked.
The company that owns this apartment must have many within the city because they have a lot of people working for them. A guy named Nico checked us in and recommended a lot of places for us to go that weren’t swarmed with tourists
Here is what he wrote down for us:
Bars:
Mayday– ask for Marco
King Grizzly
Clubs:
Yab
Bamboo
Life Club
Restaurants:
Osteria del Cinghiale Bianco
Santo Bevitore
I Raddi
Sostanza
Antico Noé 
Gelato:
Vivoli– 100 years old
Procopio– try pistacchio (local “mercato di sant’ambrogio”)
Perché No
Leather Shops:
Mercato di San Lorenzo “Medici”– the famous leather market of Florence (I don’t recommend it because it is sketchy AF and contains hit-or-miss type of products. Maybe check it out and buy a leather wallet or pretty scarf, but don’t go big)
Borgo Dei Greci – on that street there are shops
To be honest, we didn’t stop by any of the places (besides the leather market) because we didn’t have enough time in Florence to see, do, and eat everything. But I still have this list in my possession and next time I return I will be sure to check them out! Feel free to as well and let me know what you think!
Once Vico cleared everything about the apartment we settled down and relaxed for a bit. Megan called me soon after letting me know she checked into her bed & breakfast. Megan planned to stay one night there and the second night at our place because Emily Mac. had only planned to stay one night in Florence so she could visit her friend in Germany.
Megan came over to our place and was amazed just as we all were when we walked in. Before we knew it, the sun was down and dinner was on our minds. We have been eating out so much that I thought of preparing a home-cooked meal to save some money. It also helped that our kitchen was gigantic and there was a grocery store literally below our apartment complex. I wrote down a list of things to buy and we made our way to the grocery store.
Thank god it was so close, but the steps leading up to our apartment were killer- at least we got some exercise in.
My menu of the night included:
parmigiana di melanzane
platter of mixed cheeses
platter of mixed meats
salad
olives
bread
a lot of wine & prosecco
I was really excited to start cooking, but like what I have said before in my previous post:  I love to cook but I am pretty bad at it (sometimes…well maybe according to Italian cooking standards). But THIS time, I got it pretty damn right…
(Left: Our antipasto Right: Megan slicing the bread)
(I mean LOOK at that beauty! It truly was a masterpiece)
I am getting hungry just looking at it to be honest. Once we finished dinner, we bought more bottles of prosecco to prepare for a night of craziness. I cleaned up everything as fast as I could, Ashley blasted a sick playlist of songs, and all us girls got glammed-up.
Another amazing thing about this apartment that it has this long bright vanity in the hallway where us girls can throw our makeup on our faces. Here are some drunkenly taken photos of us pregaming and prepping…
(Left to right: Rachel, Ashley, Mallory)
(Left to right: Emily Mac., Rachel, Ashley, Mallory, and Me)
Now this is where it becomes a bit difficult to remember (at least in the order of things). I am pretty sure the first thing was we met up with Megan because she went back to her apartment to get ready after we ate dinner. So we headed in that direction towards her place. From there I am pretty sure we just followed the crowd or maybe I looked up a bar on TripAdvisor near me, but regardless we ended up at this place:
Monkey Bar looked really cool from the outside. It is like a metal-rock-alternative dive bar where you can grab an awesome beer or down a few shots. We decided on shots (tequila of course) I can’t remember the bartender’s name, but he was really cool and we had an awesome conversation with him about politics and music- he even took a shot with us.
Before we knew it we were roaming along the streets looking for the next bar to hit up. I am pretty sure the following bar we ended up at was Viktoria Lounge Bar
It was filled with people and even had a DJ playing old-school songs (meaning songs we jammed out to in middle school). It is a really hip modern bar with friendly staff and yummy cocktails. I realized that this was the exact same bar Luigi and I went to when we were in Florence the last year.
(Left: I forgot the name of the cocktail, but damn it was lovely)
(Top right image-from top left to bottom right: Mallory, Emily D., Megan, Rachel, Emily Mac., me, and Ashley)
(Bottom right image- from left to right: Rachel, Emily Mac., and me)
We stayed there for a decent amount of the night. Many cocktails and shots later, we decided to walk back the way we originally came and stopped at a club that seemed pretty poppin’.
 The Red Garter was this Irish pub meets Live Karaoke club. We entered the bar to discover a sea of Italians and Americans all over the place. I also realized it was another place that Luigi and I also stopped at while we were in Florence the year before. It was so difficult just to reach the front bar. Once we got our drinks we walked around to the back where some random drunk Americans were belting out “Livin’ On a Prayer”. Quickly, we turned back into the previous room where the music actually didn’t hurt our ears. Don’t get me wrong, it was a nice place to dance, meet some people, or to get hit on by Italian men, but it wasn’t my cup of tea. I knew I needed to be drunker to have more fun there.
(Photos provided by Google Images)
Once we had enough of sweaty people we took a breather outside and walked towards one of the bridges that connects Florence across the Arno river. It was so beautiful with all the lights along the waterside we took drunken photos of all of us.
After all the snaps and laughs, we made our way back to our apartment in search of food…Unfortunately some of the girls spotted this “pizza” place but it was the most disgusting pizza I ever saw. I mean they were hungry and drunk, so I don’t blame them for making the spontaneous decision of eating it. Afterwards, they all regretted it. Also, I am pretty sure they overcharged the girls knowing that they were drunk which really pissed me off. We finally arrived at the apartment and I reheated all the leftovers of the parmigiana di melanzane and stuffed my face.
The next morning I opened my eyes to a stunning view right outside my window:
(No exaggeration, also no filter)
I also woke up next to Emily Mac. beside me which was a huge problem once I looked at the clock. She was suppose to take a really early flight that morning to Germany, but overslept and missed her flight. Thankfully enough she was able to purchase a ticket for the next flight to Germany that day and was out the door before most of the girls were awake.
Rachel and Emily D. were actually awake when she left because they both preplanned and purchased tickets to see Michelangelo’s Davide. They invited me as well when they bought the tickets, but I already had seen him twice and figured I would save the 20 euros.
I am usually an early-riser because I sincerely appreciate an nice cappuccino and warm cornetto (croissant). I searched on TripAdvisor for a local bar I could grab some colazione (breakfast).
Little did I know, but I found one of the best bars there was for breakfast: Ditta Artigianale. This cafe/bar was top-notch coffee and food. Real artisan coffee beans and products used throughout their entire menu. Ashley, Mallory, Megan, and I had a very appetizing breakfast.
(My go-to breakfast: Cornetto alla crema & un cappuccino (Croissant with cream and a cappucccino)
We waited there for Rachel and Emily D. to show up so they could grab something as well and then we all went back to the apartment so Megan could settle in with her things. At the apartment we discussed about what we wanted to do for our last full day in Florence. Mallory was pretty tired from the night before so she wanted to stay at the apartment to sleep and would meet up with us later. So Rachel, Emily D., Megan, Ashley, and I strolled around the majestic streets of Florence with our first stop being the famous Duomo-Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore. 
The cathedral and Duomo is unbelievable to look at. It’s so detailed and gigantic, it’s hard to believe how they constructed it thousands of years ago! It is really cool to see it in person again because I had just finished watching the first season of the new tv show, I Medici (Medici: Masters of Florence) which features the famous and handsome actor, Richard Madden as Cosimo Medici (previously known for his role as Robb Stark in The Game of Thrones). The show is set in the early 15th century and revolves around the Medici family and how they became filthy rich and legends of the Renaissance era. Cosimo Medici commissioned Donatello to help design and Brunelleschi to lead construction of the Duomo. It was a crazy idea back then, but with help from the Medici bank account (literally they invented the bank and owned everything), it became possible.
This leads me onto the next portion of our Florence stroll: The tombs of the Medici family and the San Lorenzo leather market. My friends- Ashley, Megan, Rachel, and Emily D.- all wanted to check out the leather market while I went to see the tombs of the Medici family. Thankfully, they were right next to each other so it wouldn’t be a problem meeting up later on.
Here is a lovely photo of the girls, standing on the steps just before the market, promoting their new single, “Meows of Florence” brought to you by a drunk night in this gorgeous city:
(Top left to bottom center: Emily D, Ashley, Megan, and Rachel)
And here is a lovely photo of me standing at the back entrance of the Medici chapel:
So we went our separate ways and I entered inside the tombs of the Medici Family. Inside the chapel there were treasures of gold, silver, and plaques of tombs everywhere the eye could see.
There were gifts from Popes, kings, queens, royal families, and so many more. In my head I was thinking, “Damn, how could the medici family put all this stuff in their house?”. When you walk upstairs you enter into the Marble-licious (yes I just said that) chapel of the extended Medici family, but while I was there most of the tombs and statues were going through restoration.
I was standing in the middle of the room with my face towards the ceiling just in awe of everything around me. Talk about resting in peace!
The best part of the chapel are the breath-taking tombs of Lorenzo il Magnifico (Lorenzo the Magnificent) and his brother, Guiliano Medici that were partially finished by the one and only, Michelangelo.
On Lorenzo’s tomb (shown in bottom left image) Dawn is depicted as waking up from a long night’s rest with Dusk about to pass out from tiredness. On Guiliano’s tomb (shown in bottom right image) Day is portrayed as a super jacked buff man just chillin’ there with an unfinished face with Night shown as a beautiful sleepy sleek woman you would see in some Venus razor commercial.
I know my descriptions are really bad, but I like to write how I talk and that is basically it. I would highly recommend to check out the Medici Chapel if you have time, but definitely do some research before you go or at least book a tour so you know what you are looking at. This was actually my second time here with my first time being with my Late Renaissance Art class when I studied abroad in Rome.
Afterwards I met up with the girls in the leather market (which they were surprisingly easy to find). Some girls bought some little gifts to take home to their families and we continued walking towards the classic Ponte Vecchio.
Ponte Vecchio is this gorgeous old bridge- and I mean OLD. But today it is filled with hundreds of expensive, EXPENSIVE, jewelry shops. So in other words, it was a great way to spend some window shopping time. I can dream right?
We made our way to the other side of the city and browsed around some random shops. A couple of the girls got some nice gelato while I was in desperate need of an Arancino (fried rice ball with mozzarella). Unfortunately, arancino is a classic food item from the south of Italy, not the north. So when I asked these random Italian girls in a shop where I could find one, they looked at me like I had two heads. It was getting a bit late and our stomachs were growling so we wanted to grab some lunch nearby, but something that wasn’t too big. That being said because we planned to go all-out for our last dinner in Florence that night.
Along the river we found a cute tiny restaurant with a spectacular riverside view:
Il Ristoro Dei Perditempo
(Photos not mine, but provided by Google Images- except for the top left photo of mixed meats- that one I did take).
This tiny restaurant was owned by a very sweet family and their food was delightful! (Especially the fresh cut meats). Nothing blew my mind about the spot, but I would take this restaurant as a nice place to catch up with an old friend (A solid 4-star rating).
The sun was setting on a beautiful autumn day so we made our way back to our apartment, but of course stopping at some shops along the way. Here is what we ran into on the streets of Florence:
We finished our last shopping spree by stopping at Zara, H&M, MAC cosmetics, and a street market with local artisans. It was a great day spent in this hypnotizing city.
The night was falling upon us and we had to figure out a place to eat for our last dinner together. I originally tried to reserve a table at two other restaurants but they were already booked for the night. I don’t blame them because it was a Saturday. I finally found this excellent hole-in-a-wall restaurant with pretty convincing reviews on TripAdvisor:
50 Sfumature di Gusto (50 shades of taste)
I swear I found the golden ticket when it comes to restaurants. The food was PHENOMENAL and a feast for the eyes as well!
This was by far my favorite restaurant in Florence. 5-star rating for food quality and accommodating service. If you want to eat there definitely reserve, and DEFINITELY eat their meat/filet. I ate the filet with gorgonzola and it was life-changing.
We rolled onto our stomaches out the door- we were so full. Somehow we got back to the apartment and since it was our last night, Megan, Ashley, and I decided to get drunk…again. I mean, I didn’t know when we would all be together again so I figured why not? All the girls (besides Megan and me) had to take an early train to Milan to catch their flight home so being hungover wasn’t the best option. Emily D. and Mallory got a drink at MayDay that was just below our apartment, but I was feeling more party-hardy that night. To make things easier on us, Ashley, Megan, and I just decided to hit up the two places we went the night before: Viktoria Lounge Bar and The Red Garter. It was a night of shots and endless snapchat videos and photos…
I totally woke up regretting those last rounds of shots, but I got up in time to say goodbye to everyone. It was so sad really. I wish I could relive those moments again in Bologna and Florence, but I have high hopes for another Europe trip this upcoming summer/fall. After Megan and I said our goodbyes to the girls and our apartment’s stunning view, we trucked our luggage and hungover bodies to my favorite cafe bar, Ditta Artigianale for another deserved cornetto and caffè macchiato.
  It was getting late and I needed to catch my train back to Naples. Megan had a train to Rome right after mine so we walked together through the historic streets of Florence one last time to say goodbye to all those beautifully sculpted booties.
What a trip…until next time, ladies! ;)
Florence Ahhh beautiful Florence. The time of Renaissance art, and the Medici family. This post is the continuation of my trip with Ashley, Emily Mac., Emily D., Rachel, Mallory, and now Megan!
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Choice for consumers compels fair treatment by corporations. When people can easily move to a competitor, it creates a natural market dynamic coercing a business to act right. When we can’t, other regulations just leave us trapped with a pig in a fresh coat of lipstick.
That’s why as the FTC considers how many billions to fine Facebook or which executives to stick with personal liability or whether to go full-tilt and break up the company, I implore it to consider the root of how Facebook gets away with abusing user privacy: there’s no simple way to switch to an alternative.
If Facebook users are fed up with the surveillance, security breaches, false news, or hatred, there’s no western general purpose social network with scale for them to join. Twitter is for short-form public content, Snapchat is for ephemeral communication. Tumblr is neglected. Google+ is dead. Instagram is owned by Facebook. And the rest are either Chinese, single-purpose, or tiny.
No, I don’t expect the FTC to launch its own “Fedbook” social network. But what it can do is pave an escape route from Facebook so worthy alternatives become viable options. That’s why the FTC must require Facebook offer truly interoperable data portability for the social graph.
In other words, the government should pass regulations forcing Facebook to let you export your friend list to other social networks in a privacy-safe way. This would allow you to connect with or follow those people elsewhere so you could leave Facebook without losing touch with your friends. The increased threat of people ditching Facebook for competitors would create a much stronger incentive to protect users and society.
The slate of potential regulations for Facebook currently being discussed by the FTC’s heads include a $3 billion to $5 billion fine or greater, holding Facebook CEO personally liable for violations of an FTC consent decree, creating new privacy and compliance positions including one held by executive that could be filled by Zuckerberg, creating an independent oversight committee to review privacy and product decisions, accordng to the New York Times and Washington Post. More extreme measures like restricting how Facebook collects and uses data for ad targeting, blocking future acquisitions, or breaking up the company are still possible but seemingly less likely.
Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes (right) recently wrote a scathing call to break up Facebook.
Breaking apart Facebook is a tantalizing punishment for the company’s wrongdoings. Still, I somewhat agree with Zuckerberg’s response to co-founder Chris Hughes’ call to split up the company, which he said “isn’t going to do anything to help” directly fix Facebook’s privacy or misinformation issues. Given Facebook likely wouldn’t try to make more acquisitions of big social networks under all this scrutiny, it’d benefit from voluntarily pledging not to attempt these buys for at least three to five years. Otherwise, regulators could impose that ban, which might be more politically attainable with fewer messy downstream effects,
Yet without this data portability regulation, Facebook can pay a fine and go back to business as usual. It can accept additional privacy oversight without fundamentally changing its product. It can become liable for upholding the bare minimum letter of the law while still breaking the spirit. And even if it was broken up, users still couldn’t switch from Facebook to Instagram, or from Instagram and WhatsApp to somewhere new.
Facebook Kills Competition With User Lock-In
When faced with competition in the past, Facebook has snapped into action improving itself. Fearing Google+ in 2011, Zuckerberg vowed “Carthage must be destroyed” and the company scrambled to launch Messenger, the Timeline profile, Graph Search, photo improvements and more. After realizing the importance of mobile in 2012, Facebook redesigned its app, reorganized its teams, and demanded employees carry Android phones for “dogfooding” testing. And when Snapchat was still rapidly growing into a rival, Facebook cloned its Stories and is now adopting the philosophy of ephemerality.
Mark Zuckerberg visualizes his social graph at a Facebook conference
Each time Facebook felt threatened, it was spurred to improve its product for consumers. But once it had defeated its competitors, muted their growth, or confined them to a niche purpose, Facebook’s privacy policies worsened. Anti-trust scholar Dina Srinivasan explains this in her summary of her paper “The Anti-Trust Case Against Facebook”:
“When dozens of companies competed in an attempt to win market share, and all competing products were priced at zero—privacy quickly emerged as a key differentiator. When Facebook entered the market it specifically promised users: “We do not and will not use cookies to collect private information from any user.” Competition didn’t only restrain Facebook’s ability to track users. It restrained every social network from trying to engage in this behavior . . .  the exit of competition greenlit a change in conduct by the sole surviving firm. By early 2014, dozens of rivals that initially competed with Facebook had effectively exited the market. In June of 2014, rival Google announced it would shut down its competitive social network, ceding the social network market to Facebook.
For Facebook, the network effects of more than a billion users on a closed-communications protocol further locked in the market in its favor. These circumstances—the exit of competition and the lock-in of consumers—finally allowed Facebook to get consumers to agree to something they had resisted from the beginning. Almost simultaneous with Google’s exit, Facebook announced (also in June of 2014) that it would begin to track users’ behavior on websites and apps across the Internet and use the data gleaned from such surveillance to target and influence consumers. Shortly thereafter, it started tracking non-users too. It uses the “like” buttons and other software licenses to do so.”
This is why the FTC must seek regulation that not only punishes Facebook for wrongdoings, but that lets consumers do the same. Users can punch holes in Facebook by leaving, both depriving it of ad revenue and reducing its network effect for others. Empowering them with the ability to take their friend list with them gives users a taller seat at the table. I’m calling for what University Of Chicago professors Luigi Zingales and Guy Rolnik termed a Social Data Portability Act.
Luckily, Facebook already has a framework for this data portability through a feature called Find Friends. You connect your Facebook account to another app, and you can find your Facebook friends who are already on that app.
But the problem is that in the past, Facebook has repeatedly blocked competitors from using Find Friends. That includes cutting off Twitter, Vine, Voxer, and MessageMe, while Phhhoto was blocked from letting you find your Instagram friends…six months before Instagram copied Phhhoto’s core back-and-forth GIF feature and named it Boomerang. Then there’s the issue that you need an active Facebook account to use Find Friends. That nullifies its utility as a way to bring your social graph with you when you leave Facebook.
Facebook’s “Find Friends” feature used to let Twitter users follow their Facebook friends, but Facebook later cut off access for competitors including Twitter and Vine seen here
The social network does offer a way to “Download Your Information” which is helpful for exporting photos, status updates, messages, and other data about you. Yet the friend list can only be exported as a text list of names in HTML or JSON format. Names aren’t linked to their corresponding Facebook profiles or any unique identifier, so there’s no way to find your friend John Smith amongst everyone with that name on another app. And less than 5 percent of my 2800 connections had used the little-known option to allow friends to export their email address. What about the big “Data Transfer Project” Facebook announced 10 months ago in partnership with Google, Twitter, and Microsoft to provide more portability? It’s released nothing so far, raising questions of whether it was vaporware designed to ward off regulators.
Essentially, this all means that Facebook provides zero portability for your friendships. That’s what regulators need to change. There’s already precedent for this. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 saw FCC require phone service carriers to allow customers to easily port their numbers to another carrier rather than having to be assigned a new number. If you think of a phone number as a method by which friends connect with you, it would be reasonable for regulators to declare that the modern equivalent — your social network friend connections — must be similarly portable.
How To Unchain Our Friendships
Facebook should be required to let you export a truly interoperable friend list that can be imported into other apps in a privacy-safe way.
To do that, Facebook should allow you to download a version of the list that feature hashed versions of the phone numbers and email addresses friends used to sign up. You wouldn’t be able to read that contact info or freely import and spam people. But Facebook could be required to share documentation teaching developers of other apps to build a feature that safely cross-checks the hashed numbers and email addresses against those of people who had signed up for their app. That developer wouldn’t be able to read the contact info from Facebook either, or store any useful data about people who hadn’t signed up for their app. But if the phone number or email address of someone in your exported Facebook friend list matched one of their users, they could offer to let you connect with or follow them.
This system would let you save your social graph, delete your Facebook account, and then find your friends on other apps without ever jeopardizing the privacy of their contact info. Users would no longer be locked into Facebook and could freely choose to move their friendships to whatever social network treats them best. And Facebook wouldn’t be able to block competitors from using it.
The result would much more closely align the goals of users, Facebook, and the regulators. Facebook wouldn’t merely be responsible to the government for technically complying with new fines, oversight, or liability. It would finally have to compete to provide the best social app rather than relying on its network effect to handcuff users to its service.
This same model of data portability regulation could be expanded to any app with over 1 billion users, or even 100 million users to ensure YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, or Reddit couldn’t lock down users either. By only applying the rule to apps with a sufficiently large user base, the regulation wouldn’t hinder new startup entrants to the market and accidentally create a moat around well-funded incumbents like Facebook that can afford the engineering chore. Data portability regulation combined with a fine, liability, oversight, and a ban on future acquisitions of social networks could set Facebook straight without breaking it up.
Users have a lot of complaints about Facebook that go beyond strictly privacy. But their recourse is always limited because for many functions there’s nowhere else to go, and it’s too hard to go there. By fixing the latter, the FTC could stimulate the rise of Facebook alternatives so that users rather regulators can play king-maker.
from Social – TechCrunch https://tcrn.ch/2HiuMQt Original Content From: https://techcrunch.com
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sheminecrafts · 5 years
Text
Friend portability is the must-have Facebook regulation
Choice for consumers compels fair treatment by corporations. When people can easily move to a competitor, it creates a natural market dynamic coercing a business to act right. When we can’t, other regulations just leave us trapped with a pig in a fresh coat of lipstick.
That’s why as the FTC considers how many billions to fine Facebook or which executives to stick with personal liability or whether to go full-tilt and break up the company, I implore it to consider the root of how Facebook gets away with abusing user privacy: there’s no simple way to switch to an alternative.
If Facebook users are fed up with the surveillance, security breaches, false news, or hatred, there’s no western general purpose social network with scale for them to join. Twitter is for short-form public content, Snapchat is for ephemeral communication. Tumblr is neglected. Google+ is dead. Instagram is owned by Facebook. And the rest are either Chinese, single-purpose, or tiny.
No, I don’t expect the FTC to launch its own “Fedbook” social network. But what it can do is pave an escape route from Facebook so worthy alternatives become viable options. That’s why the FTC must require Facebook offer truly interoperable data portability for the social graph.
In other words, the government should pass regulations forcing Facebook to let you export your friend list to other social networks in a privacy-safe way. This would allow you to connect with or follow those people elsewhere so you could leave Facebook without losing touch with your friends. The increased threat of people ditching Facebook for competitors would create a much stronger incentive to protect users and society.
The slate of potential regulations for Facebook currently being discussed by the FTC’s heads include a $3 billion to $5 billion fine or greater, holding Facebook CEO personally liable for violations of an FTC consent decree, creating new privacy and compliance positions including one held by executive that could be filled by Zuckerberg, creating an independent oversight committee to review privacy and product decisions, accordng to the New York Times and Washington Post. More extreme measures like restricting how Facebook collects and uses data for ad targeting, blocking future acquisitions, or breaking up the company are still possible but seemingly less likely.
Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes (right) recently wrote a scathing call to break up Facebook.
Breaking apart Facebook is a tantalizing punishment for the company’s wrongdoings. Still, I somewhat agree with Zuckerberg’s response to co-founder Chris Hughes’ call to split up the company, which he said “isn’t going to do anything to help” directly fix Facebook’s privacy or misinformation issues. Given Facebook likely wouldn’t try to make more acquisitions of big social networks under all this scrutiny, it’d benefit from voluntarily pledging not to attempt these buys for at least three to five years. Otherwise, regulators could impose that ban, which might be more politically attainable with fewer messy downstream effects,
Yet without this data portability regulation, Facebook can pay a fine and go back to business as usual. It can accept additional privacy oversight without fundamentally changing its product. It can become liable for upholding the bare minimum letter of the law while still breaking the spirit. And even if it was broken up, users still couldn’t switch from Facebook to Instagram, or from Instagram and WhatsApp to somewhere new.
Facebook Kills Competition With User Lock-In
When faced with competition in the past, Facebook has snapped into action improving itself. Fearing Google+ in 2011, Zuckerberg vowed “Carthage must be destroyed” and the company scrambled to launch Messenger, the Timeline profile, Graph Search, photo improvements and more. After realizing the importance of mobile in 2012, Facebook redesigned its app, reorganized its teams, and demanded employees carry Android phones for “dogfooding” testing. And when Snapchat was still rapidly growing into a rival, Facebook cloned its Stories and is now adopting the philosophy of ephemerality.
Mark Zuckerberg visualizes his social graph at a Facebook conference
Each time Facebook felt threatened, it was spurred to improve its product for consumers. But once it had defeated its competitors, muted their growth, or confined them to a niche purpose, Facebook’s privacy policies worsened. Anti-trust scholar Dina Srinivasan explains this in her summary of her paper “The Anti-Trust Case Against Facebook”:
“When dozens of companies competed in an attempt to win market share, and all competing products were priced at zero—privacy quickly emerged as a key differentiator. When Facebook entered the market it specifically promised users: “We do not and will not use cookies to collect private information from any user.” Competition didn’t only restrain Facebook’s ability to track users. It restrained every social network from trying to engage in this behavior . . .  the exit of competition greenlit a change in conduct by the sole surviving firm. By early 2014, dozens of rivals that initially competed with Facebook had effectively exited the market. In June of 2014, rival Google announced it would shut down its competitive social network, ceding the social network market to Facebook.
For Facebook, the network effects of more than a billion users on a closed-communications protocol further locked in the market in its favor. These circumstances—the exit of competition and the lock-in of consumers—finally allowed Facebook to get consumers to agree to something they had resisted from the beginning. Almost simultaneous with Google’s exit, Facebook announced (also in June of 2014) that it would begin to track users’ behavior on websites and apps across the Internet and use the data gleaned from such surveillance to target and influence consumers. Shortly thereafter, it started tracking non-users too. It uses the “like” buttons and other software licenses to do so.”
This is why the FTC must seek regulation that not only punishes Facebook for wrongdoings, but that lets consumers do the same. Users can punch holes in Facebook by leaving, both depriving it of ad revenue and reducing its network effect for others. Empowering them with the ability to take their friend list with them gives users a taller seat at the table. I’m calling for what University Of Chicago professors Luigi Zingales and Guy Rolnik termed a Social Data Portability Act.
Luckily, Facebook already has a framework for this data portability through a feature called Find Friends. You connect your Facebook account to another app, and you can find your Facebook friends who are already on that app.
But the problem is that in the past, Facebook has repeatedly blocked competitors from using Find Friends. That includes cutting off Twitter, Vine, Voxer, and MessageMe, while Phhhoto was blocked from letting you find your Instagram friends…six months before Instagram copied Phhhoto’s core back-and-forth GIF feature and named it Boomerang. Then there’s the issue that you need an active Facebook account to use Find Friends. That nullifies its utility as a way to bring your social graph with you when you leave Facebook.
Facebook’s “Find Friends” feature used to let Twitter users follow their Facebook friends, but Facebook later cut off access for competitors including Twitter and Vine seen here
The social network does offer a way to “Download Your Information” which is helpful for exporting photos, status updates, messages, and other data about you. Yet the friend list can only be exported as a text list of names in HTML or JSON format. Names aren’t linked to their corresponding Facebook profiles or any unique identifier, so there’s no way to find your friend John Smith amongst everyone with that name on another app. And less than 5 percent of my 2800 connections had used the little-known option to allow friends to export their email address. What about the big “Data Transfer Project” Facebook announced 10 months ago in partnership with Google, Twitter, and Microsoft to provide more portability? It’s released nothing so far, raising questions of whether it was vaporware designed to ward off regulators.
Essentially, this all means that Facebook provides zero portability for your friendships. That’s what regulators need to change. There’s already precedent for this. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 saw FCC require phone service carriers to allow customers to easily port their numbers to another carrier rather than having to be assigned a new number. If you think of a phone number as a method by which friends connect with you, it would be reasonable for regulators to declare that the modern equivalent — your social network friend connections — must be similarly portable.
How To Unchain Our Friendships
Facebook should be required to let you export a truly interoperable friend list that can be imported into other apps in a privacy-safe way.
To do that, Facebook should allow you to download a version of the list that feature hashed versions of the phone numbers and email addresses friends used to sign up. You wouldn’t be able to read that contact info or freely import and spam people. But Facebook could be required to share documentation teaching developers of other apps to build a feature that safely cross-checks the hashed numbers and email addresses against those of people who had signed up for their app. That developer wouldn’t be able to read the contact info from Facebook either, or store any useful data about people who hadn’t signed up for their app. But if the phone number or email address of someone in your exported Facebook friend list matched one of their users, they could offer to let you connect with or follow them.
This system would let you save your social graph, delete your Facebook account, and then find your friends on other apps without ever jeopardizing the privacy of their contact info. Users would no longer be locked into Facebook and could freely choose to move their friendships to whatever social network treats them best. And Facebook wouldn’t be able to block competitors from using it.
The result would much more closely align the goals of users, Facebook, and the regulators. Facebook wouldn’t merely be responsible to the government for technically complying with new fines, oversight, or liability. It would finally have to compete to provide the best social app rather than relying on its network effect to handcuff users to its service.
This same model of data portability regulation could be expanded to any app with over 1 billion users, or even 100 million users to ensure YouTube, Twitter, Snapchat, or Reddit couldn’t lock down users either. By only applying the rule to apps with a sufficiently large user base, the regulation wouldn’t hinder new startup entrants to the market and accidentally create a moat around well-funded incumbents like Facebook that can afford the engineering chore. Data portability regulation combined with a fine, liability, oversight, and a ban on future acquisitions of social networks could set Facebook straight without breaking it up.
Users have a lot of complaints about Facebook that go beyond strictly privacy. But their recourse is always limited because for many functions there’s nowhere else to go, and it’s too hard to go there. By fixing the latter, the FTC could stimulate the rise of Facebook alternatives so that users rather regulators can play king-maker.
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Pozzo’s Azzurri in stats – FIFA.com
The Wunderteam had wrecked Italian optimism. The man who oversaw esteem-crushing dwelling losses to the Austrians forward of the 1934 FIFA World Cup ought to stick with writing about calcio for La Stampa, declared the consensus. 
Vittorio Pozzo was not, nevertheless, a quitter. He persuaded an ageing goalkeeper to postpone his retirement. He persuaded an unemployed heavy drinker to swap whisky and poker for probably the most rigorous of health regimes. And he informed two males who despised each other that they’d be sharing a room for a few months. Here is the enchanting statistical story of Italy’s 1934 and ’38 World Cup campaigns.
minutes inside 24 hours is what seven Italians and 4 Spaniards are the one males in World Cup historical past to have performed. Gli Azzurri and La Roja kicked off their 1934 quarter-last replay, which the hosts received 1-zero, simply twenty-one-and-a-half hours after their 120-minute first encounter had ended. Giampiero Combi, Luigi Allemandi, Eraldo Monzeglio, Luis Monti, Enrique Guaita, Raimundo Orsi and Giuseppe Meazza performed in each video games for Italy.
Italy targets is what Meazza made it with a spot-kick winner in opposition to Brazil in the 1938 semi-finals – a report that stood for 35 years till Gigi Riva received his 34th. As Il Balilla ready to take that penalty, the elastic in his shorts snapped they usually fell down. Meazza held them up with one hand as he stroked the ball previous penalty-saving specialist Walter.
minutes is all Italy had been away from defeat in the 1934 Final – the closest a World Cup-winning aspect has been to lacking out on the Trophy. Orsi equalised in opposition to Czechoslovakia in the 82nd minute, earlier than Angelo Schiavio grabbed an additional-time winner.
consecutive World Cup victories is what Italy achieved from their quarter-last replay in 1934 to the ’38 Final – a report that stood for 68 years till Brazil managed 11 straight wins. No different nation has achieved greater than six successive wins.
overseas-born gamers received the World Cup with Italy in 1934: Attilio Demaria, Enrico Guaita, Luis Monti, Raimundo Orsi (all Argentina), Anfilogino Guarisi (Brazil), Felice Borel (France) and Mario Varglien (Austria-Hungary; now Croatia). The solely different World Cup-winning squad with greater than two abroad-born gamers was France in 1998, whose quartet comprised Marcel Desailly (Ghana), Christian Karembeu (New Caledonia), Lilian Thuram (Guadeloupe) and Patrick Vieira (Senegal).
targets was the margin by which Italy thrashed USA in the 1934 first spherical (7-1) – the joint-second-largest knockout-section victory in World Cup historical past. It ties Hungary’s 6-zero reverse of Dutch East Indies in 1938 and Germany’s 7-1 thumping of Brazil in 2014, and trails solely Sweden’s eight-zero demolition of Cuba in 1938.
of the boys who performed in Italy’s solitary 1934 World Cup qualifier – and their last sport earlier than the match – didn’t even make their squad, regardless of a four-zero thrashing of Greece. A few weeks earlier than kick-off, Carlo Ceresoli broke his arm saving a Pietro Arcari shot, prompting Pozzo to make Giampiero Combi, whom he had persuaded to postpone his retirement, his first-alternative goalkeeper, whereas ‘The Old Master’ surprisingly neglected Mario Montesanto, Pietro Serantoni, Otavio Fantoni and Nereo Rocco, who went on to turn into one of the vital profitable coaches in historical past.
was the place Giuseppe Meazza got here in Guerin Sportivo’s rating of the 50 biggest gamers of the 20th century. Pele (1st), Diego Maradona (2nd), Alfredo Di Stefano (third) and Johan Cruyff (4th) had been the one gamers the world’s oldest sports activities journal positioned above Meazza.
weeks earlier than the 1934 World Cup kicked off, Pozzo made one of many boldest selections in Italian soccer historical past. Luis Monti and Angelo Schiavio loathed each other – they’d nearly come to blows throughout Bologna’s South American tour in 1929 and had clashed repeatedly thereafter, culminating in the Juventus hardman violently stamping on his prostrate rival’s knee throughout a Serie A title showdown in 1932. Juve, who had been shedding, received that match three-2 and finally the Scudetto, and Schiavio labelled Monti “a criminal” – an almighty insult on the time. When they arrived at Italy’s pre-World Cup coaching camp by the Western Alps, Pozzo introduced to a flabbergasted squad that Monti and Schiavio could be rooming collectively for the following two months!
gamers – Giovanni Ferrari, Guido Masetti, Giuseppe Meazza and Eraldo Monzeglio – is all that made each Italy’s 1934 and ’38 World Cup-winning squads. By distinction, 14 of the boys who helped Brazil conquer the match in 1958 retained their place in their ’62 squad.
weeks earlier than he summoned his preliminary squad for the 1934 World Cup, Pozzo – in opposition to the recommendation of his friends – walked right into a dingy Rome tavern to find Attilio Ferraris. The powerful-tackling midfielder hadn’t performed for Italy in 18 months and, after being sacked by Roma in March 1934 for disciplinary causes, had fallen deep into alcoholism and playing. “Leave your cigarettes, drinks and billiards cue immediately, come with me, and you have a chance of playing at the World Cup,” Pozzo informed Ferraris in no unsure phrases. Amazingly, regardless of being drunk, Ferraris adopted Pozzo and turned up at Lake Maggiore for Italy’s pre-World Cup coaching camp, in accordance with Pozzo, “in the best shape out of everyone”.
 World Cup finals for 2 completely different nations in a distinction distinctive to Monti. The powerful midfielder performed for Argentina, his nation of beginning, in opposition to Uruguay in 1930, and for Italy in opposition to Czechoslovakia in 1934.
targets per sport is what Gino Colaussi managed for Italy in 1938 – a report for an Italian on the World Cup. His strike companion Silvio Piola averaged 1.2 targets per sport. They are adopted by Christian Vieri (1.zero), Angelo Schiavio (1.zero), Riccardo Carapellese (1.zero), Toto Schillaci (zero.86), Alessandro Altobelli (zero.71), Paolo Rossi (zero.64), Raimundo Orsi (zero.60) and Roberto Baggio (zero.56).
win in 12 matches: that was Italy’s unnerving report in opposition to Austria heading into their 1934 semi-last. The Wunderteam had smashed La Nazionale four-zero in Genoa and received their final assembly four-2 in Turin in the Central European Cup in February 1934. Italy nonetheless brought on a significant upset by retaining a clear sheet and eking out victory because of Enrique Guaita.
World Cup Final has concerned either side being captained by goalkeepers – the 1934 decider. Giampiero Combi and Frantisek Planicka skippered Italy and Czechoslovakia respectively.
clear sheets is what just one World Cup-winning aspect saved – Italy in ’38. Gli Azzuri beat Norway 2-1, France three-1, Brazil 2-1 and Hungary four-2.
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