where grammar
prepositional case
- when talking about things being somewhere, we typically use в (in) or на (on) with the prepositional form of the noun. does not work when you mean motion to that place.
- only case that is never used on its own without a preposition, even though only a few prepositions ever use it:
Я на конце́рте. = I am at a concert.
Я в шко́ле. = I am at (in) school.
ви́део о шко́ле = a video about school
- unlike English (at/in school), in Russian each place is associated with just one preposition. the general rule: в (in / at) when talking about buildings and places with certain boundaries, на (on / at) when talking about open spaces or events:
в до́ме (at home), в шко́ле (at school), в ко́мнате (in the room), в теа́тре (in the theater), в кино́ (at the cinema), в университе́те (at the university)
на ули́це (in the street, outdoors), на пло́щади (at the square), на конце́рте (at the concert), на уро́ке (at the lesson), на кора́бле (on a ship)
- when you mean being physically inside/on top of some object, there is little ambiguity.
prepositional endings
feminine nouns ending in ь take -и
nouns ending in -ия, -ий or -ие also take -и (so that they end in -ии instead)
all other nouns take -е
- Use “у + Genitive” when talking about being at some person’s place: Да, я у дру́га = Yeah, I am at my friend’s place.
▲▼WC
- a room with a toilet is called a туале́т. technically, a room with a bath is a ва́нная.
motion
- the pattern is consistent. when you are somewhere, going to that place, and going away from that place, use the following triplets:
At: в + prep ;; на + prep ;; у + gen
To: в + acc ;; на + acc ;; к + dative
Away: из + gen ;; с + gen ;; от + gen
- for example, if the place is used with на, the correct prepositions for the three uses are на-на-с.
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