#urea set
Text
Fun fact: Wood Frogs Survive Icy Winters via Frog-sicle status
The wood frog, Rana sylvatica, is scientifically referred to as “iconic” (source: Costanzo 2019).
The reason they are iconic is because they are famously able to freeze into a literal block of ice in the winter, remain frozen all season long, and then thaw out in the spring without any of the expected dying of cold! Incredible!
(you can recognise a wood frog by they lil mask by its eyes! Naturalists call it a raccoon mask, and honestly, 10/10 excellent raccoon disguise, completely indistinguishable)
I’ve known about this for years, because I spent a not-insignificant part of my childhood OBSESSED with frogs, but even 8-year-old me didn’t know that these frogs live north of the arctic circle.
That’s right! They live in Alaska! Where winter lasts more than seven months.
Wood frogs are actually the only amphibian in North America to live this far north. (there are a few species in Eurasia but THIS ISN’T ABOUT THEM 😉 source: x).
(I’m not saying Ohio wood frog are wimpy, but I AM calling them “““““delicate”””””. Image from Costanza 2019)
As winter approaches, wood frogs create little furrows in the forest floor, just big enough for them to wedge themselves into, and cover themselves with fallen leaves and other forest detritus (Costanza 2019). They then settle into their little shelter and begin to go through what I assume is a traumatizing experience.
(she loves a good furrow)
The furrow provides a small amount of insulation from the outside air, but even inside their shelter, it can get pretty cold.
In fact, wood frogs can survive temperatures as low as -16°C (3°F for the people who use the other system).
Generally, if you are a water-based organism, being exposed to temperatures so far below the freezing point is... bad. And if the water inside of a water-based organism freezes? That is Extra Bad.
Luckily, wood frogs have a foolproof way to stay safe: they are absolutely FULL of sugar and urine.
(I would have said “piss and vinegar” but the vinegar part is technically untrue 😔)
Specifically, the frog increases the concentration of urea in their body tissues before winter sets in. Urea, which is what urine is made of in humans, is commonly used by amphibians to protect themselves from losing too much water to the environment (Costanza 2019). However, wood frogs take it to the Extreme.
Additionally, as the frog begins to freeze, the liver begins to break down the glycogen stores that had been built up in advance, releasing high concentrations of glucose (aka sugar) into the bloodstream of the frog, (Costanza 2019).
By changing the properties of the internal fluid, the urea and glucose protect the frog’s cells from being damaged by ice, protecting various internal structures and even helping to regulate their metabolism (Costanza 2019).
(there’s also some stuff with nitric oxide and membrane adaptation but it’s A Lot and if you’re interested I recommend Constanza 2019. see bottom of post for references!)
(frog: *is flat and frozen*)
While frozen, the frog doesn’t need to eat, or even to breathe, because their metabolism is comes to a near-standstill. Their heart stops beating, and they can survive having up to 70% of it’s body fluids completely frozen (Costanza 2019).
There’s still a little bit of metabolic activity happening, just to keep the frog alive, but this allows the frog to live for months while frozen (nearly) solid until the spring melt comes!
The frog will generally stay in its little burrow for a few hours as it thaws, presumably processing the trauma of what just happened (also making a few physiological changes to survive the transition from ice cube to frog, I guess), before heading outside to immediately reproduce with the snowmelt.
(a photo of bliss)
This has been fun fact friday!
Hey y’all! As winter turns to spring, I wanted to do a little series of how animals survive cold, snowy winters when they are unable to migrate. Today was a frozen frog, and next I’ll talk about how turtles survive under the ice all winter long!
Stay tuned!
References under the read more
Smithsonian channel (2015) Frogsicles: Frozen but still alive. https://youtu.be/pLPeehsXAr4
Costanzo, J. P. (2019). Overwintering adaptations and extreme freeze tolerance in a subarctic population of the wood frog, Rana sylvatica. Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 189(1), 1-15. doi: 10.1007/s00360-018-1189-7
Kuzmin, S.L & Tessier, D.F. (2013) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Arctic Biodiversity Assessment 2013 http://www.arcticbiodiversity.is/index.php/the-report/chapters/amphibians-and-reptiles
Layne Jr, J. R., & First, M. C. (1991). Resumption of physiological functions in the wood frog (Rana sylvatica) after freezing. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 261(1), R134-R137.
#biology#fun facts#science#sciblr#science side of tumblr#zoology#herpetology#physiology#winter#frogs#frog#fun fact friday#im on a new medication and it's so good u guyz :3
135 notes
·
View notes
Text
Good morning,
The world continues to live in two parallels: the US market and the rest ;)
DAP barge at $660pst trade - just a $25pst increase since Monday! Why so? Low inventories at the start of the year plus all this mess with import duties, leading to a lack of imports.
Well, let's set the States aside. I was curious to see how Chinese rumours of urea would have influenced the market.
Rumours say:
1. After March 15th, the fresh CIQ can again be applied for. The CIQ timing is 40 working days.
2. All previously submitted applications are no longer valid.
3. The CIQ period:
1) Before April 30th, 2024, 40 working days.
2) Between May 1st and September 30th, 10 working days.
3) Before March 15th, nothing regarding CIQ can be done.
40 working days is 60 calendar days. Thus, no exports are realistically expected until this May. But the market did react yesterday: derivatives for April both traded down in AG and Brazil.
AG at $356 per metric ton and Brazil at $359pmt. And it's like a $20-25pmt discount to the physical asking levels of today.
If I'm not mistaken, the Nitrogen Fertilizer Association of China is meeting today, so grab some 🍿
9 notes
·
View notes
Text
All The Quizzical Ladies
Been trying for the past ten minutes to come up with a lyric or pun-based title to let you all know that this is the first University Challenge Grand Final contested by two female captains (something like All the Quizzical Ladies, maybe, but I don't think that's very good). What I could do instead is tell you that here, as I have just done. That's probably easier than shoehorning in some hamfisted attempt at humour.
One of Tayana Sawh and Suraiya Haddad will become only the eighth female captain to lift the University Challenge trophy, and the first since Hannah Woods in 2016. This is the 53rd series of University Challenge, and there have been more winners called John (13) or David (10) than there have been winning female captains.
Sawh is joined by James Hall, Ali Izzatdust and Jacob Finlay. They have defeated four Oxbridge colleges along the way, and Manchester in the semi-final, saving their most impressive performance to date for this clash against the northern institution.
This is the thrid time UCL have made the final, but they were beaten on both previous occasions, by Corpus Christi, Ox in 2005 and Manchester in 2013. Hoping that it won't be third time lucky for their cross-capital rivals are Imperial who are looking for a record fifth Uni Challenge crown (this being a first London derby at this stage since Imperial won their maiden trophy against LSE in 1996).
Assisting Haddad on this front are Justin Lee, Adam Jones and Sourajit Debnath. They have knocked out three Oxbridge colleges, along with quarter-final wins over Sheffield and Manchester. They come into the final with a slight edge in terms of their scoring, but this kind of statistical forecasting has not served me well in the past.
The key buzzer-battle will be between Messers Lee and Izzatdust, who have lead the way in starters for their respective teams. But this too fails to tell the whole story, because I can remember key buzzes from all of the other members too.
So here we are, thirty-six episodes into a series which has had it all - two tiebreakers, a new host, a new studio. a new question screen and we need Jungle, I'm afraid - ready to face, for the last time, our first starter for ten.
Sign up for The University Challenge Review
Izzatdust kicks off the final with a question featuring the phrase interpretatio germanica, and UCL took a hat-trick of bonuses on the medieval Egyptian ruler Baybars. The perfect start.
A neg from Lee put Imperial below zero, but Hall couldn't capitalise with one of his trademark guesses, and a neg of his own allowed Debnath in with urea. A full set tied the game at twenty each.
At the third time of asking Hall gets on the board with Lubaina Himid, but UCL's lead doesn't last long, with Lee cruising through the first picture round on The Canterbury Tales. A second on the trot for Lee, an early buzz of Armenia, put Imperial in front for the first time.
Elia Kazan from Debnath extended their lead, and he backs up his starter with a perfect set of bonuses on video games, requesting a nomination from his captain each time with a gentle flick of his finger. Firewatch, Tunic, Disco Elysium. Imperial are forty clear.
This becomes fifty, and then one hundred, as Debnath, Lee and Jones take advantage of a few UCL slip ups. Lee knows the music starter too, Faure, and Imperial are starting to run away with this. It is somehow like they've been saving their best performance for the final, and you can only feel sorry for UCL, who are helpless as buzz after buzz goes against them.
The execution on the bonuses is also solid, meaning that the gap has been stretched beyond closing before UCL are able to get in a buzz of their own. Brutal, relentless quizzing from Imperial. Their dominance forces UCL into risky buzzes, which unfortunately don't pay off, dropping them further back. It is definitely the right tactic to go early with a guess when the deficit is pushing one fifty, but it doesn't work on the night.
When Lee buzzes with Berengaria after three or four words of the starter, it signals the spiritual end of the game. The gap is too big, and Imperial are playing too well to drop this now.
When UCL finally get started again they are two hundred points behind, but they are not disheartened and fight on till the very end, with Hall, Izzatdust and Jones taking great pleasure in a few excellent buzzes.
What at one point looked like it could have been a historic drubbing turned into a very respectable slugfest, in which one team merely outclassed rather than decimated the other. Imperial 285 - 120 UCL
A third title in five years cements Imperial's status as a University Challenge dynasty. It is also their fifth title overall, a new record which sees them stand alone above Manchester and Magdalen.
For UCL a third Grand Final defeat, which is heartbreaking, but they had no answer for Lee and his eight starters tonight and can take immense credit for the little flourish they had to close the match.
Tom Stoppard presented the trophy to Imperial on a roof, and talked about how much he enjoys the show, which is always nice to see, though I don't know why they did it on a roof.
And that's it for another series.
Congrats to Imperial, to UCL, and to you, dear reader, for making it the end of this post. If anyone deserves a trophy its you.
(Lucky for you, such a trophy exists. If you subscribe on this site you'll be ready for the next series when it starts in July! And if you subscribe to my Patreon, you'll get access to two series-worth of retro reviews, which detail the quarter-finals and onwards of older series)
Thanks for reading, and see you soon. Goodnight.
2 notes
·
View notes
Text
Discovering the Key to Bright Skin: The Influence of Skincare Formulations
Preface:
Skincare aficionado Melissa explores a game-changing secret in her engrossing YouTube video that could transform skincare regimens for women between the ages of 40 and 65. With a sense of anticipation, Melissa shares a skincare trick that could revolutionize our routine and provide us with amazing, youthful-looking skin.
The beauty expert reveals her carefully planned morning skincare routine in this insightful YouTube video, which is designed for mature skin over 40. At fifty-five years old, she has a plethora of knowledge in treating a range of skin issues, such as sensitivity, dryness, and aging symptoms. She wants to tackle dark spots, sagging skin, wrinkles, redness, uneven texture, and enlarged pores with her program, embracing the idea of "youthful aging" done with dignity and resolve.
The Disclosure:
Melissa starts off by bringing attention to the startling statistic that 90% of women between the ages of 40 and 65 are ignorant of a game-changing skincare tip. She extends an eager invitation to viewers to find this undiscovered beauty that might completely transform their approach to skincare.
Comprehending the Fundamentals of Skincare:
In order to pique the interest of her audience, Melissa briefly discusses the specifics of her attire and accessories before getting into the main subject. She gives viewers a peek into her unique style with her jewelry and wardrobe choices while also making sure they can easily access product information.
Skincare's Fundamentals:
Taking the stage set, Melissa explores skincare essences, the core of the issue. Using skincare techniques from Korea and Japan as inspiration, she reveals the transformational potential of essences in obtaining youthful, plump skin. Melissa emphasizes the power of essences to hydrate and revitalize the skin from the inside out by defining them as thin, water-based formulations packed with components that plump up the skin.
Illustrating Usability:
Melissa provides a visual demonstration to demonstrate the effectiveness of skincare essences. The presentation highlights how essences prime the skin, paving the way for deeper penetration of future skincare products. She illustrates well-known essence formulas with potent components like urea, copper peptides, and fermentation extracts through a number of instances, each of which has special advantages for the health and vibrancy of skin.
*Useful Implementation and Suggestions:
Giving her listeners more authority Melissa provides advice on introducing essences into regular skincare procedures along with useful insights. From application methods to product suggestions covering various price ranges and compositions, she makes sure that viewers are equipped with the information and skills needed to confidently start their skincare journey.
Welcome to a New Chapter in Skincare:
As the film comes to an end, Melissa muses on the possibility for transformation offered by skincare essences, drawing inspiration from Japanese and Korean beauty customs. She relishes the chance to improve skincare practices and reveal the keys to glowing, youthful skin, and she urges people to embrace this skincare discovery.
My Own Skincare Experience:
The host, looking back on her personal skincare experience, recognizes the difficulties in preserving healthy skin in the face of aging, fluctuating hormone levels, and environmental variables. In order to create a customized skincare regimen, she stresses the significance of knowing one's skin type and specific concerns.
The Morning Routine for Cleaning:
Starting with a revitalizing Beauty by Josan cleanser, the presenter emphasizes how important it is to cleanse in the morning in order to get rid of any leftover oils and pollutants that have accumulated over night. She guarantees the best possible absorption of the next skincare products by getting rid of occlusive ones, laying the groundwork for a rejuvenating skincare regimen.
Making the Most of Essential Ingredients:
The presenter presents powerful formulations that are enhanced with salicylic acid, retinol, hyaluronic acid, niacinamide, and vitamin C. She emphasizes how these ingredients work in concert to counteract different indications of aging. She debunks misconceptions about the effectiveness of vitamin C and promotes well-balanced formulas that produce noticeable effects without endangering sensitive skin.
Specialized Medical Care Regarding Rejuvenation:
In order to promote collagen formation, increase elasticity, and fight sagging skin, the host uses targeted serums, highlighting the importance of peptides and copper peptides in skin rejuvenation. She uses retinoic acid-infused eye creams and specialty moisturizing essences with extreme accuracy to target certain issues around the sensitive eye area.
Result:
The host thanks her audience for their support and participation as she wraps up her in-depth skincare lesson. Urging viewers to place a high priority on self-care and She encourages people to embrace the path of "youthful aging" with passion and commitment by providing skincare knowledge. She says goodbye, inspiring and empowering her audience to start their own skincare journeys, all the while pledging to continue sharing insightful knowledge and building a community of skincare enthusiasts.
To sum up, Melissa's film is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in skincare who wants to take their regimen to the next level. Through her exploration of the enigma surrounding skincare essences and their significant influence on skin health, Melissa encourages her audience to welcome a new chapter in skincare history, one in which women of all ages can attain glowing, youthful skin.
2 notes
·
View notes
Text
I experienced a thought on the bus this morning and I don't know why so uh yeah let's talk about elvin agriculture.
But first I must establish my credibility. As you see, Perry the Platypus, I got third in state for agricultural science for science olympiad and I may very well might have forgotten the vast majority of it.
Now we don't have an exact figure for how many elves there are and iirc Sophie said there was a meeting with a representative from every family but considering they don't interact with their family after they're, like, 18 I don't see how that makes sense but whatever.
The Elvin population is going to be constantly increasing at an exponential rate. Granted, it will be a slow exponential but birth rates will increase and death rates will remain near zero, resulting in population growth. This makes it so that the environment doesn't have a set carrying capacity for the number of elves and while the population growth may be slow enough in the beginning to adjust without much of an issue, eventually it's going to increase fast enough that it is an issue.
This population will require more food, causing current agricultural lands to deplete their nutrients faster. While in the past, a crop rotation schedule where half a field is used and half is fallow might shift to a more mediaeval era (in human terms) rotation of three sections.
And now this is where we go off on a tangent. First of all, I don't know where they would have space for growing food because they've got estates and they've got cities and nothing in between (or at least that's what it sounds like canonically). Now a place like Rimeshire yeah sure they've got gnomes why can't they have a garden but a place like Everglen idk if this is my fedex brainrot speaking but they seem like they'd be too snobby for that kind of thing. And foxfire has to get food somewhere and i sure as exile wouldn't trust level threes in an agriculture class.
Okay my real thought was "what about fertilizer?" Most of prev was just justifying that so uh sorry. Using my deep wild kratts knowledge, I know that bat guano is a good fertilizer. Commercially, other types of manure are used more often i'm sure. Google says manure has been used for 8000 years as a fertilizer...a time when the human population would've been fairly close to the elvin one today...so it is plausible.
...except elves don't keep livestock. Well. I guess that ends the train of thought.
But if elves still have a need for nutrients in their soil, there's a couple of options out there. The first is "don't worry about it, gnome songs are ~magic~ and avoid the need for chemistry." The second is, "don't worry about it, something something alchemy."
-> which does have its merit. The haber-bosch process--(3H2 + N2 -> 2NH3) which produces ammonia for plants to grow because nitrogen deficiency is less than ideal--was invented/discovered/verbed in the early 1900s which would have put it during the human assistance program.
Another option is bird poop islands, which is what the humans used before Haber went and Bosched the process and I found that thought entertaining until I realised the gnomes would be in charge of that and i don't think those little photosynthisizers deserve that.
But finally we get to my real point and i don't know how you made it this long. Another source of nitrogen is CH4N2O / NH2CONH2 (depends on who you ask on formula. Organic chem is like that sometimes.). But well this compound is commonly known as urea. Now, for extra credit, can you name something else that comes from the same origin? If you said urine, you win! Urea is found in urine!
Which means that if you as a gnomish farmer were really really really desperate for nitrogen and, of course, the chemical composition is the same technically you could pee in the fields to solve your problem.
#kotlc#kotlc gnomes#I'M SORRY#keeper of the lost cities#i did preface this saying i had a thought on the bus#this is your own fault
2 notes
·
View notes
Text
1. For accurate quantification, distribution and management, avoid uneven distribution of nutrients.
2. Prevent dust from flying and adhering to the wall of the device. Dust flying, dust adhesion is serious. After granulation, environmental pollution and loss of raw materials can be prevented.
3. Prevent segregation of fertilizer components. When the particle size and density of each component in the formulation are different, segregation is prone to occur. Granulation can effectively prevent the segregation of fertilizer particles.
4. Prevent agglomeration in the production process of certain solids, such as the production of granular phosphamide, urea, etc. Generally, the particle size is larger than that of the powder, and the specific surface area of the material after granulation is greatly reduced.
5. Adjust bulk density, increase or prolong the storage time of fertilizer.
6. Easy to use, carry and transport, increase the value of commodities, etc.
Zhengzhou Huazhiqiang organic fertilizer equipment manufacturer is based on the principle of honest management, aggressive and pioneering, including organic fertilizer production line, npk production line, etc., perfect after-sales service and supporting facilities. It is a main organic fertilizer granulator (roller granulator, disc granulator machine, etc.), organic fertilizer turning and throwing machine, organic fertilizer pulverizer, organic fertilizer fermentation machine and other organic fertilizer equipment manufacturers for a complete set of organic fertilizer production lines. The technology development system has won unanimous praise from users.
2 notes
·
View notes
Text
Reviewing questions
Courvoisier sign is a palpable gallbladder on physical examination and is usually associated with biliary or pancreatic malignancy. Physicians should suspect malignancy in a patient with obstructive jaundice, weight loss, and a history of smoking.
PBC involves granulomatous destruction of the intrahepatic ducts within the portal triads, without affecting the extrahepatic ducts. It is an autoimmune disorder that mainly affects middle-aged women and can increase the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma.
Ursodeoxycholic acid has been shown to slow the progression of PBC and is the most important medical therapy. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed including protection of injured cholangiocytes against toxic effects of hydrophobic bile acids and inhibition of apoptosis of hepatocytes. However, the exact mechanism is unknown. Ursodeoxycholic acid does not improve pruritis, which is when cholestyramine or diphenhydramine can be prescribed. Liver biochemical testing will usually show improvement within 3 months of starting therapy. The majority of patients will see sustained improvement with this therapy. For those who do not show improvement, a liver transplant can be considered. Liver transplantation has shown very promising results in patients with end-stage PBC and should be offered after medical therapies have failed.
Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis, is an inflammatory condition of the tongue secondary to an unknown etiology. Its key characteristic includes red patches with white borders on the dorsal surface of the tongue, which may mimic the design of a map. The lesions on the tongue are known to change location, shape, and pattern over time and may occur recurrently. The patchy areas are spots in which the local loss of the filiform papillae leads to the depapillation of the tongue. It may be seen more commonly in individuals with eczema, psoriasis, and reactive arthritis. Patients typically present asymptomatically, though common symptoms are usually mild and may include burning or increased sensitivity to certain food and drinks. The diagnosis is typically made clinically, and cultures or biopsies are necessary only in uncertain or persistent cases. Treatment is conservative and may include topical and systemic analgesics.
Alcoholic cirrhosis with signs of portal HTN (ascites and varices). Most patients with clinically apparent ascites will require diuretic therapy in addition to dietary sodium restriction. Diuretic therapy typically consists of treatment with spironolactone and furosemide in a ratio of 100:40 mg per day, with doses titrated upward as needed. Dietary sodium restriction and diuretic therapy are effective in approximately 90 percent of patients with cirrhosis and ascites. Concomitant treatment with both medications can mobilize moderate ascites more rapidly than if added sequentially. Also, using a combination of spironolactone and furosemide in a ratio of 100:40 mg usually maintains normokalemia. Spironolactone may be used alone only in severe alcoholic hepatitis with profound hypokalemia. Furosemide is still added once the potassium normalizes and potassium replacement is no longer needed. The response to diuretics should be carefully monitored on the basis of changes in body weight, laboratory tests, and clinical assessment. Patients on diuretics should be weighed daily; the rate of weight loss should not exceed 0.5 kg/day in the absence of edema and should not exceed 1 kg/day when edema is present. Serum potassium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine levels should be serially followed. In the setting of hyponatremia, diuretics should be stopped when the mean arterial pressure falls to 82 mmHg or below. Making sure that potassium is repleted may also help treat hyponatremia.
T5-T9 is where the sympathetic viscerosomatic reflex for the liver (and other components of the upper GI system) is located.
Bottom Line: Ascites has a stepwise treatment beginning with alcohol cessation, NSAID avoidance, and salt restriction. If this fails, then therapy with spironolactone and furosemide can be utilized followed by large volume paracentesis with albumin infusion. TIPS is the next step, and if this does not achieve a positive response, then liver transplant is the next choice.
The etiology of the ascites can be established through measurement of the serum-ascites albumin gradient. SAAG = serum albumin – ascites albumin. A SAAG greater than 1.1 indicates the ascitic fluid is a transudate and may be related to portal hypertension, which can be seen in splenic vein thrombosis, schistosomiasis, cirrhosis, hepatic metastases, right heart failure, constrictive pericarditis, or Budd-Chiari syndrome. An SAAG less than 1.1 indicates the fluid is an exudate and may be from protein leakage into the peritoneal cavity, which can be caused by nephrotic syndrome, TB, or peritoneal malignancies.
Fever, jaundice, right-upper-quadrant abdominal pain (the Charcot triad), altered mental status, and hypotension (the Reynolds' pentad) are characteristic symptoms of acute cholangitis. Stones in the common bile duct are a leading cause of obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the most appropriate next step in managing the case of a pt who presents with acute cholangitis in the setting of biliary obstruction. Cholangitis is potentially life-threatening, and resuscitative measures, including administration of intravenous fluids and antibiotics, commonly targeted against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacteriaceae, should be done initially. After hemodynamic stability is achieved, ERCP is the treatment of choice for biliary decompression and stone extraction in patients with normal anatomy (unaltered by surgery, such as roux-en-y). In patients who have had roux-en-y gastric bypass or other major upper-gastrointestinal surgery, external biliary decompression, such as with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram, may need to be considered.
Sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) release may help stimulate parasympathetic activity and improve secretions to the eyes and mouth. The SPG is associated with both sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in the head and face. The SPG is an autonomic-nervous-system ganglion that relays mixed cranial nerves innervating the upper airways. The SPG is situated in the pterygopalatine fossa, posterior to the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus and inferior to the junction of the body of the sphenoid, the greater wing and pterygoid process of the sphenoid, lateral to the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone, and medial to the pterygomaxillary fissure. It receives parasympathetic and sympathetic sensory afferents via fibers derived from the accessory branch of the facial nerve and the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve (V2). It distributes these fibers to the nasal mucosa, lacrimal glands, nasopharynx, and soft palate, including some of the upper-airway dilator muscles. Parasympathetic stimulation results in increased secretions (lacrimation, rhinorrhea, mucus production) (students should remember "rest and digest"), whereas sympathetic stimulation results in decreased secretions. Intraoral myofascial therapy of the SPG is widely used in osteopathic practice for the management of nasal obstruction and chronic rhinitis. The SPG release technique will help increase lacrimation and mucosal secretions. Most likely, this will also initially cause rhinorrhea but will most quickly lead to improvement of this patient's xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. A rare syndrome called burning mouth syndrome is often treated with injections and osteopathic manipulative therapy to the sphenopalatine ganglia. With such treatment, patients with this condition generally report improvement in pain, dysgeusia, and xerostomia.
Ischemic colitis commonly presents with crampy abdominal pain and sudden rectal bleeding in the setting of colonic hypoperfusion from any source (dehydration, sepsis, cardiogenic shock), and these low-flow states can be exacerbated by underlying vascular disease.
A patient with a history of significant vascular disease presenting with sudden-onset abdominal cramping and hematochezia is concerning for the development of ischemic colitis. This is a common complication of colonic hypoperfusion, generally in the watershed areas of the colon (areas between the large arterial supply branches), which are most susceptible to variability in blood flow. When flow is insufficient to provide for the needs of cellular metabolism, ischemia develops. In this case (as commonly occurs in real life), the most likely trigger was working in the heat without adequate fluid resuscitation. This resulted in relative intestinal hypotension, likely exacerbated by underlying microvascular disease. In acute colonic ischemia, patients experience a sudden onset of abdominal cramping and tenderness over the affected areas of the abdomen. This is often associated with an urgent need to defecate. Rectal bleeding is mostly associated with left-sided colonic involvement and does not have to be present to make a diagnosis of acute ischemic colitis. Labs consistent with ischemic colitis include: lactic acidosis, fever, leukocytosis, or thrombocytopenia. If there is transmural involvement of the colon, colon perforation with localized or generalized peritonitis may be present, though this is less often the case. Ischemic colitis can be categorized as nonocclusive, which is typically transient, or occlusive. Nonocclusive ischemic colitis can occur in patients that are dehydrated or hypotensive, as in the setting of sepsis or cardiogenic shock. It usually affects the watershed areas of the colon, such as the splenic flexure and rectosigmoid junction. Occlusive ischemic colitis can result from embolic or thrombotic arterial occlusion, which may be from atrial fibrillation or iatrogenically from instrumentation.
Bottom Line: Gilbert syndrome is caused by reduced bilirubin conjugation resulting in episodic isolated unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and often presents during adolescence.
COMBANK Insight: It is important to note for testing purposes that unconjugated bilirubin may not be reported in lab results. It is measured by subtracting the direct (or conjugated) bilirubin from the total bilirubin. It may also be referred to as indirect bilirubin.
2 notes
·
View notes
Text
What Are The Best Probiotics For Foot & Toenail Fungus?
By applying the cream to your skin daily, you can destroy fungus quickly. The formula is primarily marketed to ringworm infections, although it can also help with toenail fungus and common fungal infections. If you’ve been disappointed by the effectiveness of other nail fungus supplements listed here, then Nonyx Nail Gel may be the right choice.
You want to remove and thin down as much of the nail as possible because the nail is actually in the way of the treatment. Sometimes doing all the above does not cut it because your condition demands a much more potent treatment. Keragenis Reviews , reishi, and shiitake are a potent fungi complex that has been used for millennia in Kampo medicine to maintain health, preserve youth, and increase longevity. So, in the unlikely event that you’re not 100% satisfied with our products, we will return all your money, hassle-free, no questions asked. For us it is important that you, as our customer, are fully protected.
So far, only a few studies have looked into topical nail fungus treatments with nail polishes or creams. Because these studies had weaknesses, the results should be interpreted with caution. Ciclopirox polish and treatment sets with urea and bifonazole cream were tested in a few studies.
We tend to have a stigma against bacteria, thinking all of it is bad. Probiotics, however, are proof that our bodies can benefit from good bacteria when it’s used correctly. Probiotics also help to boost the immune system, making your body even stronger against future infections.
You will notice a change in your affected nails within a few weeks. The powerful ingredients in the ointment work wonder for almost all kinds of minor skin infections. It comes with active ingredients like marigold, echinacea, arborvitae, and elderberry extract, which have proven effective in dealing with itchy fungal infections.
#Nail Fungus#Toenail Fungus#How to Treat Nail Fungus#Nail Fungus Treatment#Fungal Nail Infection#Toe Fungus#Toenail Fungus Cure#Toe Nail Fungus#Toenail Fungus Treatment#How to Cure Nail Fungus#How to Get Rid of Nail Fungus#Foot Fungus#Nail Fungus Remedy#Toe Nail Fungus Cure#Fungal Toenails#How to Prevent Nail Fungus#Nail Fungus Home Remedies#How to Treat Toenail Fungus#Tea Tree Oil for Nail Fungus#Ingrown Nail
3 notes
·
View notes
Text
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Size To Reach $94.02 Billion By 2030
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Growth & Trends
The global nitrogenous fertilizer market size is estimated to reach USD 94.02 billion by 2030 according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Growth can be attributed to the increasing awareness amongst farmers regarding maintaining nutritional balance in the soil. Increasing population across the globe has generated the need to improve the annual crop yield to feed the population, which has boosted the agriculture sector across the globe. Hydrogen and nitrogen are the major raw materials used for manufacturing nitrogenous fertilizers. Nitrogen is required in large quantities by plants and is the primary nutrient in fertilizers. Hydrogen is a crucial component of ammonia, which is an important ingredient in numerous fertilizers. Nearly all commercial-scale ammonia incorporates nitrogen and hydrogen. Raw material Availability impacts nitrogenous fertilizer prices and production.
Key manufacturers are investing profoundly in R&D activities for launching new products and broadening their product portfolios. Major players in the market are increasing the reach of their products to a larger consumer base by setting up retail outlets at strategic locations in various countries to support farming communities in the respective localities. The Asia Pacific is expected to register significant growth in the coming years owing to the presence of numerous agrarian economies such as China, India, Indonesia, and others in the region. India and China are expected to lead the nitrogenous fertilizer market over the forecast period.
Request a free sample copy or view report summary: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/nitrogenous-fertilizer-market
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Report Highlights
In 2021, urea emerged as the dominating product segment by contributing around 33% of revenue share. This is attributed to the affordable cost of urea as compared to the other products.
Ammonium sulfate was the second-largest product segment and is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 4.9% by 2030, due to its wide agricultural applications and high solubility.
Cereals & grains segment was the dominant application segment in terms of both in terms of volume and revenue, owing to the increasing demand for food crops such as maize, wheat, barley, rice, and oats.
As of 2021, Asia Pacific was the dominating regional market owing to the existence of large agricultural lands in the region along with the technological advancements in farming methods
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Segmentation
Grand View Research has segmented the global nitrogenous fertilizer market report based on the product, application, and region:
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Product Outlook (Volume, Thousand Tons; Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)
Urea
Methylene Urea
Ammonium Nitrate
Ammonium Sulfate
Ammonia
Calcium Ammonium Nitrate
Others
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Application Outlook (Volume, Thousand Tons; Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)
Cereals & Grains
Oilseeds & Pulses
Fruits & Vegetables
Others
Nitrogenous Fertilizer Regional Outlook (Volume, Thousand Tons; Revenue, USD Million, 2018 - 2030)
North America
U.S.
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
U.K.
Italy
France
Spain
Netherlands
Asia Pacific
China
India
Japan
South Korea
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Middle East & Africa
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
Egypt
List of Key Players of Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market
Kynoch Fertilizer
Sorfert
Bunge Ltd.
Nutrien Ltd.
Yara
Omnia Holdings Limited
Sasol
Aquasol Nutri
TriomfSA
Rolfes Agri (Pty) Ltd.
OCI Nitrogen
ICL Fertilizers
Eurochem Group AG
CF Industries Holdings Inc.
Koch Fertilizer, LLC
Hellagrolip SA
Coromandel International Limited
Haifa Group
Notore Chemical Industries Plc
Browse Full Report: https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/nitrogenous-fertilizer-market
#Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market#Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Size#Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Trends#Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Growth#Nitrogenous Fertilizer Market Sales
0 notes
Text
Wide-Ranging Full Body Checkups Near You in Gurgaon Starting @499 | Exceptional Offers by Modern Diagnostic
Modern Diagnostic- Advanced Full Body Health Checkups in Gurgaon
Modern Diagnostic is catering to individuals in need of full-body health checkups in Gurgaon. With over 37 years of experience and NABH and NABL accreditations, our commitment to your well-being extends beyond the traditional lab settings by bringing high-end diagnostic facilities right to your doorstep. We believe every individual possesses different needs so we try our best to bring sheer comfort to our patients through innovative ideas. We provide blood sample collection facility from home followed by reports that are feasible through the website. Every part of the checkup process can be carried out with you sitting at your home. We focus on providing sheer comfort to our patients.
What Packages You Get Under the Full-Body Health Checkup
There are a total of 15 packages under full body checkup in Gurgaon near me, all of which require 11-12 hours of fasting, and most of the reports and generated and updated on the website after 24-48 hours. The patient should put on comfortable and loose attires to make blood sample collection convenient. All of the packages have distinct categories containing various parameters and tests. All seven packages are described as follows-
Modern Fit India Package -₹499
This package covers the following categories-
1. CBC
2. Sugar Fasting
3. SGOT(AST)
4. SGPT (ALT)
5. TSH
6. Total Cholesterol
7. Total Bilirubin
8. Serum Creatinine
9. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
10. Triglycerides
11. EGFR
Thyroid Profile - T3, T4, TSH -₹620
The thyroid gland is a vitally important endocrine (hormone) gland that is mainly involved in the body’s energy metabolism. It is located at the front of the neck, below the voice box, and is butterfly-shaped. The thyroid gland produces the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), among other things.
This Package contains the following tests:
1. T3
2. T4
3. TSH
Thyroid Profile Free - FT3, FT4, TSH -₹720
A Thyroid Profile Free (FT3, FT4, TSH), is a blood test done to measure the thyroid level in your body. The test is used to check the functioning of the Thyroid Gland and measure the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free Thyroxine, and Free Triodothyronine.
Hormones like thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are used to regulate body metabolism and other bodily functions. The production and release of these hormones in the body is controlled by Thyroid thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
Test Parameters
FT3
FT4
MODERN Niramaya Package - 1.1 -₹1,200
This package includes 61 tests under 7 categories. These categories contain Lipid Profile, Liver Function Test, CBC, Kidney Function Test, Serum Iron Levels, Plasma Glucose-Fasting, and Thyroid Profile (T3, T4, Ultrasensitive Tsh). This test asks for a minimum of 12 hours of fasting for accurate results on lipid profile.
MODERN Niramaya Package - 1.2 -₹2,700
This package is mainly designed to cover a wide range of parameters. It comprises 14 categories for a more detailed checkup. These arrays are- Lipid profile, Liver function test, CBC, Kidney function test, Serum iron levels, Vitamin B12, 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D, HBA1C, Urine routine examination, Immunoglobin IgE, Thyroid profile (T3, T4, Ultraintensive TSH), Plasma glucose-fasting, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
MODERN Niramaya Package (For Women) - 1.3 -₹4,600
This is an extensive package framed and designed to cater to a woman's health. It consists of the following 20 categories-. 1. CBC2. Lipid profile3. Liver function test4. Kidney function test5. Serum iron levels6. Vitamin B127. 25 Hydroxy VIitamin D8. ANA (ANTI-NUCLEAR ANTIBODIES) BY IFA9. Rheumatoid Factor Test (QUANTITATIVE)10. hs CRP - High Sensitivity CRP11. Immunoglobin IgE12. Folic acid13. Iron profile -I14. HBA1C15. Urine Microalbumin16. Urine Routine Examination17. CA - 12518. Thyroid Profile (T3,T4,ULTRASENSITIVE TSH)19. Plasma Glucose - Fasting20. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
MODERN Niramaya Package (For Men) - 1.4 -₹5,100
This is a meticulous package produced and established to cater to men's health. This package covers the following criteria-
1. CBC
2. Rheumatoid factor test (QUANTITATIVE)
3. hs CRP - High sensitivity CRP
4. Immunoglobin IgE
5. Folic acid
6. Iron profile -I
7. HBA1C
8. Urine microalbumin
9. Urine routine examination
10. Lipid profile
11. Liver function test
12. Kidney function test
13. Vitamin B12
14. 25 Hydroxy Vitamin D
15. ANA (ANTI-NUCLEAR ANTIBODIES) BY IFA
16. PSA - Free
17. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) - Total
18. Thyroid Profile (T3,T4,ULTRASENSITIVE TSH)
19. Plasma Glucose - Fasting
20. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Allergy Panel Inhalation - Asthma (80 Tests) -₹4,000
This package covers the following criteria-
The Allergy Panel Inhalation Asthma-80 test is our test package which specifically detect and manage allergies and asthma-related conditions. This panel includes 80 tests that measure the body's immune response to common inhalant allergens in air.
The test is useful for individuals with suspected allergies or asthma-related symptoms and can help healthcare providers identify the specific allergens that may be triggering symptoms and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Basic Health Check Package -₹1,350
This package covers the following categories-
1. CBC2. SGPT (Alt)3. SGOT (Ast)4. Serum Creatinine5. Serum Urea6. Total Cholesterol7. X-Ray Chest PA View8. Plasma Glucose - Random9. Urine Routine Examination
Healthy Men Package For Men > 40 Years -₹11,900
The Healthy Men Package for Men > 40 Years is a comprehensive health screening test designed to assess the overall health status of men over the age of 40. Our package combines both Radiology and Pathology tests for thorough body checkups which is not possible with just only blood tests.
This package includes tests that evaluate liver and kidney function, lipid and blood glucose levels, and thyroid function. The test involves collecting a blood and urine sample from the patient, which are then analyzed in a clinical laboratory using advanced techniques and equipment.
For Radiology tests, this package has Echo-Cardiography, Electrocardiography (ECG), Ultra Sound Whole Abdomen, and X-Ray Chest PA View to get a detailed checkup of your body.
PFT (Pulmonary Function Test) can be used to check the capacity of the lungs.
These tests are useful for individuals who are at increased risk of age-related diseases such as heart disease, and diabetes. It helps healthcare providers identify potential health issues in their early stages when they may be more easily treated or managed. The results provide valuable information for developing personalized lifestyle and treatment recommendations to optimize overall health and well-being.
Well Women Package For Women > 40 Years -₹11,099
The Well Women Package for Women >40 Years is a comprehensive health screening test designed to evaluate the overall health status of women over the age of 40. The package combines both Radiology & Pathology tests to assess liver and kidney function, lipid levels, blood glucose levels, and thyroid function, among others. The test involves collecting a small blood and urine sample from the patient, which are then analyzed in a clinical laboratory using advanced techniques and equipment and Radiology Tests such as Echo-Cardiography, Ultra Sound Whole Abdomen, and X-Ray Chest Pa View.
The test is especially useful for women who are at increased risk of age-related diseases and conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. By detecting potential health issues early, the test can help healthcare providers develop personalized treatment plans and lifestyle recommendations that can optimize overall health and well-being. The Well Women Package is a valuable health screening tool that provides healthcare providers with valuable insights into their patients' overall health status.
This package covers the following categories-
Bone Densitometry (BMD) - Two Sites
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
CD - ECHO Cardiography (2-D ECHO)
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Lipid Profile
Liver Function Test (LFT)
Mammography
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)
Kidney Function Test (KFT)
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Ultra Sound - Whole Abdomen
X-Ray Chest PA View
Plasma Glucose - Fasting
Plasma Glucose- PP(Post Prandial)
Urine R/M (Urine Routine & Microscopy)
HBA1C (Hemoglobin A1c )
Well Women Day Package -₹7,299
This package covers the following criteria-
Vitamin D - 25 Hydroxy
Plasma Glucose - Random
Bone Densitometry (BMD) - Two Sites
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
Liver Function Test (LFT)
Mammography
Total Calcium
Ultra Sound - Whole Abdomen
X-Ray Chest PA View
Urine R/M (Urine Routine & Microscopy)
PAP Smear
Healthy Kidney Package -₹2,500
This package covers the following categories-
1. CBC
2. Plasma Sugar - Fasting And Pp
3. Kidney Function Test
4. Ultra Sound - KUB
5. Urine Routine Examination
Note: A minimum 12 Hours of Fasting is required for Lipid Profile Test within this package for accurate results.
Active Men Package For Men < 40 Years -₹6,500
The Active Men Package is a health screening test for men under 40. Our package combines both Radiology and Pathology tests for comphrensive body checkup which is not possible with just only blood test.
This package covers the following criteria-
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
CD - ECHO Cardiography (2-D ECHO)
Electrocardiography (ECG)
Lipid Profile
Liver Function Test (LFT)
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT)
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
Ultra Sound - Whole Abdomen
X-Ray Chest PA View
Urine R/M (Urine Routine & Microscopy)
Plasma Glucose - Fasting
Kidney Function Test (KFT)
Food Intolerance - Comprehensive -₹13,000
This package covers the following food categories-
Sweet Potato
Sesame Seed
Chocolate
Raisin
Pea
Pumpkin Seed
Mint
Peanut
Soya Bean
Cow Milk
Cashew Nut
Pistachio Nut
Mackerel
Lemon
Pineapple
Spinach
Lettuce
Cabbage
Egg Plant/Aubergine
Cardamon
Crab
Shrimp
Whole Egg (Hen)
Pork
Beef
Tuna
Salmon
Duck Meat
Lobster
Mutton
Chicken Meat
Turkey
Fish (Cod)
Semolina
Carp Fish
Fennel
Curry
Mustard
Cauliflower
Guava
Papaya
Chick Pea
Carrot
French Bean
Coriander
Sweet Pepper
Ciannamon
Coffee
Tea
Pumpkin
Ginger
Beet
Fig
Watermelon
Orange
Saffron
Oregano
Rosemary
Cranberry
Olive
Lychee
Potato
Coconut
Coconut Milk
Sunflower Seed
Red Radish
Turnip
Strawberry
Garlic
Onion
Apple
Sardine
Maize
Wheat Flour
Barley
Oats
Hazelnut
Almond
Poppy (Seed)
Flaxseed
Tomato
Date
Kiwi
Celery
Parsley
Melon
Rice
Mango
Banana
Pear
Peach
Cheese Cheddar Type
Cloves
Black Pepper
Yeast
Mushrooms
Yogurt
Millet
Lentil
Apricot
Cucumber
Anise
Plum
Walnut
Grapes
Broccoli
Nutmeg
Curcuma
Tofu (Bean Curd)
Curd
Vanilla
Basil
Thyme
Butter
Cream
Blackberry
Custard Apple
Cheery
Amla
Pomegranate
Our Other City Services
Full body checkup in Delhi
Full body checkup in Noida
Full body checkup in Amritsar
Full body checkup in Gurgaon
Full body checkup in Kolkata
Full body checkup in Guwahati
Full body checkup in Srinagar
Full body checkup in Bhiwadi
Full body checkup in Bareilly
Full body checkup in Gorakhpur
Full body checkup in Yamunanagar
Full body checkup in Karnal
Full body checkup in Panipat
Full body checkup in Kurukshetra
Follow Us
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@MDRC_India
Facebook: https://m.facebook.com/MdrcIndia/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/modern-diagnostic-research-centre/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mdrcindia
📍Reach Us
Modern Diagnostic & Research Centre, Jaipur
BL tower, S-268, Ground Floor, 3, Mahaveer Nagar 2, Maharani Farm, Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302018
📞Call: +91 82875 13179
📧Email: [email protected]
0 notes
Text
Best Commercial Ply Manufacturer in Jharkhand
Looking for the best Commercial Ply Manufacturer in Jharkhand? Look no further! Ganesh Veneer & Plywood Limited is your top choice. We specialize in producing high-quality commercial plywood that is moisture-resistant, perfect for various domestic applications such as home decoration and interior designing. Our commercial plywood is crafted from different veneer species, ensuring versatility while maintaining consistent quality. What sets us apart is our meticulous manufacturing process and the use of premium urea formaldehyde adhesive, guaranteeing sturdy and durable plywood for your projects. Located at 266 Shakuntalam, Aishbagh Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, we are dedicated to providing top-notch products and excellent customer service. Contact us at +91 8953797779 or email us at [email protected] or [email protected] to inquire about our commercial plywood offerings. Choose Ganesh Veneer & Plywood Limited for all your plywood needs in Jharkhand!
0 notes
Text
Floral Biology and Crop Regulation
Most guava cultivars bloom two to three times a year under subtropical and tropical environmental conditions in the temperate zone regions, it blooms once a year. Hermaphrodite flowers of white color develops in two to three cymes in the axils of the leaves and the middle flower has a higher height probability of producing fruits. Guava is mainly a self-pollinating crop which requires external agents for more pollination due to the stigma stretched position above the stamens.
The intensity of cross-pollination can vary from 20 to 40%, depending on the variety, the availability of pollinators (Apis mellifera) and climatic conditions (Medina, 1988). About 25 to 30 days are necessary between the differentiation of the flower buds and the cracking of the calyx stage that begins 20-24 hours before the anthesis (Subramanyam and Iyer, 1993). Full development of flower buds, from the size of 2 mm to flowering, during the winter season can take 45-50 days in P. guajava while in other species, it can take from 35 to 45 days (Subramanyam et al., 1992).
In most of the Psidium sp. the germination temperature of the pollen is 30 ° C. The stigma is receptive to day after anthesis and remains so until 30-35 hours. Floral biology of the different the guava species are similar to each other except P. cattleianum, which show early ripening of flower buds and fruit development. The developing fruit from the central bud, growth is faster than that of fruits developing from adjacent buds.
This important feature could be useful in fruits clarification, characterization of genetic material and genetic improvement. The fruit the percentage of fixation in P. guajava varies greatly according to the varieties and can range from 30% (Pyriform) to 80% (apple color and Allahabad Safeda).
Flower buds always emerge on the newly developed vegetation shoots, regardless of the time of year. Therefore, the formation of buds, the fruit fruit set and fruit development over the seasons (summer and winter) and different years could be very variable, depending on the models
of precipitation, irrigation, fertilization planning and other climatic factors, including the length of the day and the temperature (Usman et al., 2021). Vegetative growth could be promoted by spray-induced defoliation of 25% urea, pruning, application of nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation. Irrigation
and the application of nitrogen after flowering improved the yield. Humidity fruiting stress increased falling and splitting of fruits (Menzel and Paxton, 1986). Temperature changes delay the fruiting season during fruit setting and the harvest has also been affected (Reddy et al., 2017). It is necessary to have a better understanding of the mechanisms of flowering, fruiting, fruits expansion, maturity in relation to the changing climatic conditions in the tropical and subtropical zones.
Guava is usually propagated by seeds and 70 to 80% of the seedlings retain the characteristics of the parent (Pereira et al., 2017). Seedless observed in guava (P. guajava L.) is attributed to the self-incompatibility and chromosomal aberrations. A "seedless" variety was found to be diploid (2n = 22) having a low percentage of viable pollen grains exhibiting meiosis anomalies (Menzel and Paxton, 1986).
0 notes
Text
Calcium Nitrate Prices, Trend, Supply & Demand and Forecast | ChemAnalyst
Calcium Nitrate prices are subject to various factors that influence their fluctuation in the market. As a compound commonly used in agriculture and as a concrete additive, calcium nitrate plays a vital role in multiple industries, impacting its demand and subsequently its pricing dynamics.
One significant factor affecting calcium nitrate prices is its production costs. The process of manufacturing calcium nitrate involves the reaction between calcium carbonate and nitric acid, which requires energy and raw materials. Fluctuations in the prices of these inputs, such as energy and chemicals, directly influence the overall production cost of calcium nitrate. Any increase in production costs can lead to higher prices for the end product.
Market demand is another crucial determinant of calcium nitrate prices. The agricultural sector is one of the primary consumers of calcium nitrate, where it is used as a water-soluble fertilizer to provide plants with readily available calcium and nitrogen nutrients. The demand for calcium nitrate in agriculture varies seasonally, with higher demand during planting seasons. Additionally, the construction industry utilizes calcium nitrate as an additive to concrete to accelerate the setting process. Economic conditions, construction activities, and infrastructure developments significantly impact the demand for calcium nitrate in this sector.
The availability of substitutes also influences the pricing of calcium nitrate. While calcium nitrate is preferred for certain applications due to its solubility and compatibility with other fertilizers, alternative products may offer similar benefits at different price points. For instance, farmers might opt for urea or ammonium nitrate as nitrogen fertilizers instead of calcium nitrate, depending on their cost-effectiveness and availability. The presence of viable substitutes creates competition in the market, which can affect the pricing strategy of calcium nitrate manufacturers.
Global supply chains and trade dynamics play a crucial role in determining calcium nitrate prices. The production of calcium nitrate is concentrated in specific regions, and the transportation of the product to different markets involves logistical costs. Factors such as transportation fees, tariffs, and exchange rates impact the final landed cost of calcium nitrate in importing countries. Moreover, trade policies and regulations, including tariffs and import/export restrictions, can affect the flow of calcium nitrate across borders, influencing its prices in different regions.
Weather conditions also have a significant impact on calcium nitrate prices, particularly in the agricultural sector. Adverse weather events such as droughts, floods, or extreme temperatures can affect crop yields and, consequently, farmers' demand for fertilizers. In times of poor harvests or reduced agricultural productivity, farmers may adjust their fertilizer usage, leading to fluctuations in demand and prices of products like calcium nitrate.
Furthermore, macroeconomic factors such as inflation, currency exchange rates, and overall economic growth influence the purchasing power of consumers and businesses. Inflationary pressures can drive up production costs, including labor, utilities, and raw materials, which may translate into higher prices for calcium nitrate and other commodities. Currency fluctuations also impact the competitiveness of calcium nitrate in the global market, as manufacturers in different countries may have varying cost structures based on their local currencies.
Government policies and regulations related to agriculture, environment, and trade can also affect calcium nitrate prices. Subsidies or incentives provided to farmers for using certain types of fertilizers may influence their purchasing decisions and, consequently, demand for calcium nitrate. Environmental regulations governing the use of fertilizers and their impact on soil and water quality can also affect the demand for calcium nitrate and other nutrient products.
In conclusion, calcium nitrate prices are influenced by a multitude of factors, including production costs, market demand, availability of substitutes, global supply chains, weather conditions, macroeconomic factors, and government policies. Understanding these factors is essential for stakeholders in the calcium nitrate industry to anticipate price fluctuations and make informed decisions regarding production, marketing, and distribution strategies.
Get Real Time Prices of Calcium Nitrate: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/calcium-nitrate-1555
Contact Us:
ChemAnalyst
GmbH - S-01, 2.floor, Subbelrather Straße,
15a Cologne, 50823, Germany
Call: +49-221-6505-8833
Email: [email protected]
Website: https://www.chemanalyst.com
0 notes
Text
Azodicarbonamide Price Trend, Chart and Report
Azodicarbonamide, often abbreviated as ADA, is a chemical compound primarily used as a blowing agent in the production of foamed plastics and rubber. Despite its widespread industrial applications, azodicarbonamide has garnered attention due to health and safety concerns associated with its use in food products. Understanding the Azodicarbonamide Price Trend is essential for industries reliant on its production and consumers wary of its presence in various goods.
Health and Safety Concerns
Azodicarbonamide has been the subject of controversy due to its potential health risks. In some countries, including the European Union and Australia, its use as a food additive is banned due to concerns about its breakdown products, which may include semicarbazide, a compound classified as a potential carcinogen. Additionally, inhalation of azodicarbonamide dust during its handling in industrial settings may cause respiratory issues.
Enquire For Regular Prices: https://www.procurementresource.com/resource-center/azodicarbonamide-price-trends/pricerequest
Industrial Applications
Despite its health concerns, azodicarbonamide continues to be widely used in industrial processes. Its primary function as a blowing agent makes it invaluable in the production of foamed plastics and rubber materials. By generating gas when heated, azodicarbonamide expands the polymer matrix, resulting in a cellular structure that enhances the material's insulation properties and reduces weight.
Price Trends of Azodicarbonamide
The price of azodicarbonamide fluctuates based on several factors, including raw material costs, market demand, and regulatory developments. The availability and cost of precursor chemicals used in its synthesis, such as urea and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), significantly influence its price. Additionally, changes in regulations impacting its use in food and industrial applications can affect market dynamics and prices.
Factors Influencing Azodicarbonamide Prices
Several factors contribute to the volatility of azodicarbonamide prices. Fluctuations in crude oil prices influence the cost of raw materials, while shifts in demand from industries such as packaging, automotive, and construction impact market conditions. Regulatory changes regarding its use in food products and increased scrutiny of its safety profile may also affect demand and pricing.
Impact on Industries and Consumers
The price trends of azodicarbonamide have implications for both industries and consumers. Industries reliant on foamed plastics and rubber, such as packaging manufacturers and automotive suppliers, closely monitor price fluctuations to manage production costs and maintain competitiveness. Consumers, particularly those concerned about food safety, may seek alternatives to products containing azodicarbonamide, influencing purchasing decisions and market demand.
Future Outlook for Azodicarbonamide Prices
The future trajectory of azodicarbonamide prices is influenced by various factors, including regulatory developments, technological advancements, and market demand. As concerns about its safety persist, regulatory agencies may impose stricter regulations or bans on its use in certain applications, affecting market dynamics and prices. Technological innovations in alternative blowing agents or manufacturing processes could also impact the demand and pricing of azodicarbonamide in the long term.
The future trajectory of azodicarbonamide prices is influenced by various factors, including regulatory developments, technological advancements, and market demand. As concerns about its safety persist, regulatory agencies may impose stricter regulations or bans on its use in certain applications, affecting market dynamics and prices. Technological innovations in alternative blowing agents or manufacturing processes could also impact the demand and pricing of azodicarbonamide in the long term.
Given the increasing scrutiny on chemical additives in consumer products and growing awareness of health and safety issues, the demand for azodicarbonamide may face challenges. Regulatory agencies are likely to continue monitoring its use closely, potentially introducing new restrictions or labeling requirements. Additionally, consumer preferences for more natural and sustainable alternatives could drive a shift towards alternative blowing agents or manufacturing methods.
Technological advancements in polymer chemistry and materials science may lead to the development of safer and more cost-effective alternatives to azodicarbonamide. Researchers are exploring novel blowing agents with lower environmental impact and improved performance characteristics. These innovations could disrupt the market for azodicarbonamide and influence its pricing dynamics in the coming years.
Conclusion
Azodicarbonamide plays a crucial role in the production of foamed plastics and rubber materials, despite concerns about its safety and regulatory restrictions in some regions. Monitoring price trends and understanding the factors influencing azodicarbonamide prices is essential for industries reliant on its use and consumers cautious of its presence in various products. As regulatory scrutiny and consumer awareness continue to shape market dynamics, stakeholders must adapt to evolving trends and considerations surrounding azodicarbonamide.
0 notes
Text
H. pylori Infection
Introduction
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a significant global health concern, affecting a substantial portion of the world’s population. The discussion aims to provide an in-depth exploration of various aspects of H. pylori infection, including its prevalence, transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, prevention strategies, and future research directions.
Prevalence and Transmission
H. pylori infection is widespread, with approximately two-thirds of the world’s population harboring the bacterium in their gastrointestinal tract. Various factors contribute to its prevalence, including socioeconomic status, living conditions, hygiene practices, and geographic location. The discussion indulges into the epidemiological trends of H. pylori infection across different populations and regions, highlighting disparities in prevalence rates and associated risk factors.
Transmission of H. pylori occurs primarily through interpersonal contact and ingestion of contaminated food or water. Saliva, fecal-oral transmission, and oral-oral transmission, including through kissing, are significant modes of spread. Poor sanitation and overcrowded living conditions facilitate the transmission of the bacterium, particularly in resource-limited settings. The discussion explores the mechanisms of H. pylori transmission and the implications for public health interventions aimed at reducing its spread.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
While many individuals with H. pylori infection remain asymptomatic, others experience a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including stomach pain, bloating, nausea, and weight loss. The discussion elucidates the spectrum of clinical manifestations associated with H. pylori infection, emphasizing the importance of recognizing atypical presentations and considering differential diagnoses.
Diagnosing H. pylori infection presents several challenges due to the variability of symptoms and the limitations of available diagnostic tests. We critically evaluates the utility of different diagnostic modalities, including stool antigen tests, urea breath tests, and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, in detecting H. pylori infection. It also examines the role of serological tests and molecular techniques in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding clinical management decisions.
Treatment Options
The standard treatment regimens for H. pylori infection typically involve a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). However, rising rates of antibiotic resistance pose significant challenges to effective eradication therapy. It explores the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori and the implications for treatment outcomes.
Alternative treatment approaches, such as sequential therapy, concomitant therapy, and bismuth-based quadruple therapy, are also examined in the context of their efficacy and tolerability. Highlighting the importance of individualizing treatment regimens based on antibiotic susceptibility testing and patient-specific factors to optimize therapeutic outcomes.
Complications
Peptic ulcers are a common complication of H. pylori infection, resulting from the bacterium’s ability to disrupt the gastric mucosal barrier and induce inflammation. The discussion elucidates the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer formation and the factors contributing to ulcer recurrence and complications.
In addition to peptic ulcers, H. pylori infection is associated with an increased risk of more serious complications, such as gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. The discussion explores the molecular mechanisms underlying H. pylori-induced carcinogenesis and the strategies for early detection and management of gastric neoplasms.
Prevention
Preventive measures play a crucial role in reducing the burden of H. pylori infection and its associated complications. The discussion emphasizes the importance of promoting good hygiene practices, including handwashing and sanitation, to minimize the risk of transmission.
Furthermore, dietary factors may influence the risk of H. pylori infection and its clinical outcomes. The discussion evaluates the evidence regarding the impact of dietary habits, such as consumption of fruits, vegetables, and probiotics, on H. pylori colonization and disease progression. It also addresses the potential role of vaccination in preventing H. pylori infection and its complications, highlighting ongoing research efforts in vaccine development.
Research and Future Directions
Ongoing research efforts are focused on advancing our understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis, identifying novel therapeutic targets, and developing effective preventive strategies. The discussion highlights recent advancements in H. pylori research, including insights into bacterial virulence factors, host immune responses, and microbial interactions within the gastric microbiota.
Future directions in H. pylori research encompass a multidisciplinary approach, integrating molecular biology, epidemiology, immunology, and clinical medicine. The discussion outlines key areas for future investigation, such as the development of targeted antimicrobial agents, the role of host genetics in H. pylori susceptibility, and the impact of microbial dysbiosis on disease outcomes.
Conclusion
In conclusion, H. pylori infection remains a significant public health challenge, with implications for gastrointestinal health and disease worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of H. pylori infection is essential for guiding clinical practice and informing public health policies. By addressing the complexities of H. pylori infection through interdisciplinary research and collaborative efforts, we can strive towards reducing its global burden and improving patient outcomes.
In managing H. pylori infection, compassion, empathy, and a holistic approach are crucial alongside clinical expertise. Striving for excellence in knowledge and practice enables us to advance gastroenterology and improve patient outcomes.
As we address H. pylori infection and its broader implications on gastrointestinal health, let’s remain dedicated to providing optimal patient care. By working collaboratively and embracing interdisciplinary approaches, we can positively impact lives and contribute to a healthier future.
Email [email protected] to explore how we can assist you in achieving your academic and professional aspirations. Wishing you continued success in your medical journey.
#assignment help#medical students#healthcare#nursing school#puppies#nursing student#medical help#medical school#expert assignment writers#online writing#essay writing#clinicalstudy#case study#medical conditions#pharmacology#homework help#pharmacy student#pharmacy colleges#pharmacy technician#pharmacy
0 notes
Text
Exploring the Global Ammonia Market: Insights and Trends
Ammonia is an inorganic compound with the formula NH3. It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It is mainly used as a fertilizer in agriculture and also found its applications in various other industries like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, refrigerants etc. Ammonia is produced on an industrial scale using the Haber-Bosch process.Ammonia provides nitrogen to plants which is an essential nutrient for crop growth. Rising global population and need for food security has increased the demand for fertilizers significantly over the past few decades. Ammonia being a key fertilizer ingredient has benefitted from this growing demand.
The Global ammonia market is estimated to be valued at US$ 114 billion in 2031 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 6.5% over the forecast period 2024-2031.
Key Takeaways
Key players operating in the ammonia market are Yara International ASA, BASF SE, CF Industries Holdings, Inc., Nutrien Ltd., Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan Inc., Dangyang Huaqiang Chemical Co., Ltd., Shanxi Jinfeng Coal Chemical Co Ltd., GTS Chemical Holdings plc.,Togliattiazot, OCI Nitrogen B.V., Agrium Inc., Sabic, and Koch Fertilizer, LLC among others.
The rising global population has increased the demand for food significantly. As per UN estimates, the global population is expected to reach around 9.7 billion by 2050 which will further drive the demand for ammonia as fertilizer.
New technologies like methane pyrolysis are being developed which helps in more efficient production of ammonia. This would help boost its supply and meet the growing demand cost effectively.
Market Trends
Growing preference for nitrogen-based fertilizers - Nitrogenous fertilizers like ammonia, urea etc. see higher demand over other fertilizers due to their high nitrogen content and economic viability. This trend is expected to drive ammonia consumption.
Increase in natural gas based capacity additions - Many new ammonia plants are being set up based on natural gas due to abundant availability and relatively lower prices vis-à-vis other feedstocks. This is expected to boost ammonia output.
Market Opportunities
Rising biofuel production - Ammonia is used as a key ingredient in biodiesel production. Increasing global targets for biofuel blending is expected to generate more demand for ammonia.
Use in hydrogen economy - Ammonia is emerging as a potential carrier and storage medium for hydrogen. Its use in hydrogen-based transportation and power generation systems can open new avenues.
Impact of COVID-19 on Ammonia Market Growth
The COVID-19 outbreak has severely impacted the global ammonia market in 2020. The imposition of lockdowns led to the closure of many manufacturing facilities, disrupting the entire supply chain. With decline in industrial activity, the demand for ammonia fell drastically across major end-use industries like fertilizers, textiles, refrigeration, pharmaceuticals etc. This led to oversupply situations in North America and Europe. Some of the projects planned for capacity expansion were also stalled during this period owing to labor shortages and financial constraints faced by the companies.
However, with gradual lifting of restrictions and restarting of industries from mid-2021, the market started recovering. The demand is steadily rising from agricultural sector to meet the increasing food demand of the growing global population. Fertilizer plants are ramping up their productions to pre-COVID levels. Manufacturers are focusing on developing innovative and cost-effective production technologies to cater to the reviving demands. Project expansion activities have also resumed. The market is anticipated to get back on the growth trajectory and surpass its pre-pandemic size by 2024. Continuous investments in agricultural sector will be crucial for the sustainable growth of ammonia market in the coming years.
Europe remains the largest regional market for ammonia, accounting for over 30% of the global supply in 2023. Availability of raw materials, technical expertise and widespread fertilizer manufacturing facilities contribute to its dominance. However, Asia Pacific is identified as the fastest growing regional market, expanding at a CAGR of around 8% during the forecast period. Increased agricultural activities and growth of allied industries like textiles are driving the demands in countries like China, India and Indonesia. Governments in the emerging economies are promoting urea fertilizer production to improve farm outputs. This makes the Asia Pacific region most lucrative for ammonia producers seeking new investment avenues.
0 notes
Last Seen Blogs
