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justanotherbirdbrain-blog · 3 months

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may i receive your rant on why every videogame ever chooses to have columnar basalt in places basalt should not be, like in unsuspecting caves or just dotting beaches with no volcano in sight... because god, that gets me going.

Let me preface this rant by saying, I love when videogames at least try, like I can look at a rock and actually say, "hey that's columnar basalt and not *generic rock texture*" (Pokemon Scarlet and Violet's texture shortened my lifespan). So generally speaking, if I can tell at least vaguely that someone googled photos of rocks when creating a game I am more happy than not, but!

My GOODNESS! I think I could extend this rant to just videogame cave systems in general! Like, caves are only formed in limestones and marbles (And some limey sandstones and salt deposits), BUT for some reason we are mining and finding Rubies? Emeralds? Metals? These caves they are depicting are clearly just supposed to be these natural caves and not abandoned mines, which would give them some leeway to put whatever desirable gemstone or ore they wanted in the game, but they don't choose that for some reason, and it is beyond me why!

And can we talk about how all of these caves got there in the first place? Like limestone only forms in marine environments! Are you telling me that the entire continent you designed was underwater to the extent to have a spiraling cave system forming at least every ten miles of trail explored (Skyrim I am looking at you)? And how acidic is your rain? Are we experiencing an industrial evolution? I CANNOT, also in what situation are these random massive quartz crystals in otherwise fine-grained material forming? Like one, Who would actually leave that laying there? No one. And two, how is this forming? Like are you trying to say this formed after the cave was created or what? If that's the case the more likely mineral would be calcite or gypsum.

My little bird brain can't wrap my head around what they are trying to do here! (The second image is from ESO and I give it a lot of lenience and to be fair they are trying to depict these are geodes that are surrounded by a massive basalt but they are also showing stalactites and stalagmites which aren't in basalts so it still gets points docked).

But yes! Seeing inaccurate geology, columnar basalts included can take you out of a game so fast, same with the imaginary ores that are kind of based off real metals. I think I would be more ok with completely fake names, because then at least I wouldn't have anything to associate it with.

That being said! I will end this rant by pointing out videogames that when either I was playing or my fiancé was playing I was pleasantly surprised by the geology/accurate textures.

ESO- elder scrolls online, I know I just docked it points above, but genuinely they do an amazing job depicting different rock types to the point that on their islands they have limestones. with. fossils. I nearly cried. Of course they still have random metal seems everywhere but it is an MMO and resources are necessary so I can ignore that as long as they keep making accurate landscapes.

Titanfall- I will just add an image because it will speak volumes

like does that shale/siltstone have ripple marks in the middle right hand side? beautiful. amazing. perfect. chief's kiss. (Apex also does a decent job which is a battle royale game that takes place after the Titanfall games, the textures aren't as good obviously but you can definitely tell what kind of rocks are at each map)

3. Horizon Zero Dawn- the graphics in this game are just genuinely impeccable and it takes place in the US but after the collapse of civilization. In a lot of ways, I think it made it a bit easier for the designers, but they still did an amazing job depicting the rocks accurately! I believe there is a Youtube video which compares the actual locations to the videogame locations.

some obviously tilted sedimentary rocks

sandstone arches

@cosmic-tuna please add more games if you know any!

#geology #rocks #videogame lore

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ultraheydudemestuff · 3 months

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Cascade Falls Park

12795 Girdled Rd.

Painesville, OH 44077

Cascade Falls Park in Lake County, Ohio, is a relatively new park. The park features a 0.5-mile one-way gravel trail to a scenic overlook offering views of beautiful 60-foot-tall Cascade Falls. The half mile trail to the overlook is on the steep side with a few rest benches along the way. The falls with their 60 foot drop, are fed by East Creek which flows westward through this property before emptying into Big Creek. For your safety, please remain on designated trail and overlook deck.

The parking lot is located on the north side of Girdled Road across the street from Girdled Road Reservation’s north entrance. When exiting the park, vehicles may only make a right hand turn to head west on Girdled Road. Waterfalls are created over long periods of time and require soft rock (i.e. shale), hard rock (i.e. siltstone) and flowing water. There are many different types of waterfalls, depending mostly on a region’s geology. Most common types of waterfalls in Lake Metroparks include plunge, cascade, punchbowl, and block. Cascade Falls is a great example of a plunge type waterfall.

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travel2unlimited · 4 years

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Taughannock Falls Is another spectacular waterfall in northeast upstate New York state. The waterfall is a single drop of 215 ft (66 m) from a massive amphitheater of shale rock - very spectacular! It’s about 1km flat trail to the bottom of the falls from the parking area. This whole area used to be a sea million years ago and the sedimentary siltstone shale rocks here are quite old and supposedly full of various relic stone fossils of shills and animals from the Earth’s past. #travel2unlimited #travel #travelblogger #waterfall #upstateny #ny #newyork #taughannockfalls #roadtrip #fingerlakes #ithaca https://www.instagram.com/p/CDkKb76j0hq/?igshid=12c2crsvsr01o

#travel2unlimited #travel #travelblogger #waterfall #upstateny #ny #newyork #taughannockfalls #roadtrip #fingerlakes #ithaca

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rhnuzlocke · 4 years

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Chapter Eight: Rock and a Hard Place

Dewford Island was smaller than Ren expected, and the walk from town on the southeast end to Granite Cave on the northwest end only took about three hours. It was lovely; all pale sand and rolling dunes dotted with flowers. Rounded granite marched up through the middle of the island, obscuring the other side. Panahi floated on the breeze, a fond smile on her face as she listened to the calls of the Wingull colony on the far side of the rocky hills. Māia tumbled and dipped above them, reveling in the updraft while Tāraki dashed up and down the beach chasing the waves and Iki skimmed over the shallows. Akahana and Hakeka walked just beyond the reach of the sea where the damp sand was a little firmer, and Ren took off her boots to walk barefoot beside them.

A sign by the cave entrance declared: Only one pokemon per person. All sound-based, concussive, and earthshaking moves are strictly forbidden. So Ren withdrew all but Akahana before she went in. The covert nature of their mission meant that Ren didn’t know where exactly the Champion would be, so they would rely on Akahana’s nose to guide them. She snuffled around the entrance for a minute or so before following the freshest scent trail deeper in.

The tunnels, or at least the main ones, were lit by strings of soft electric lamps powered by a solar panel outside. The light was made all the warmer by the pink hue of the granite walls, and the air sighed like a breath. It felt homey and lived in. She was welcome here.

They turned down a side tunnel and descended. Aron and Zubat peeked out from the shadows but let them pass without challenge. Geodude remained still as statues, Abra teleported away in a blink, Makuhita and Mawile shuffled off, and a Sableye feeding on a crystalline deposit fixed them with its uncanny gem-like eyes before loping into the darkness.

“Just ahead,” said Akahana.

A vertical shaft opened up, and beyond it, the tunnel started to drop off precipitously. The chamber wasn't far across and, at first inspection, unoccupied. But Akahana nudged Ren’s leg and pointed up with her snout. The ceiling was far above them, and a whiff of sea air suggested at least some part of the shaft went all the way to the surface. But before that, a young man in spelunking gear hung from the wall, headlamp bathing a section of the overall dimness in bright illumination. As she watched, he chipped away gently with a small pick, sending tiny pebbles pinging to the floor beside her. He then returned the pick to his belt and grabbed a brush. The light of his headlamp gleamed off his safety goggles as he leaned in to carefully brush some dust away. It floated gently down, glittering softly.

Akahana nudged her again. Right! She should probably announce herself.

“Hello!”

He looked down at her with a friendly smile. “Hello down there!”

“Are you Steven Stone?”

“Yes I am! I’ll be down in just a moment.”

He stowed his equipment and pushed off the wall, repelling down in one graceful arc. He unhooked himself and pushed up his goggles before removing his helmet. He ran his fingers through his hair and shook it out so that it was no longer plastered to his head. It settled like a silver cloud, soft, irregular, and weightless. It played wonderfully against the warm brown of his skin. His brows and lashes were pale as polished sterling, and his eyes were a bright and vivid turquoise.

He was absurdly gorgeous. Ren already knew this. She'd seen pictures of him. She'd looked him up right before coming here just to make sure she'd recognize him. She'd known all about his perfect nose and elegant jawline. But she hadn't expected to be affected by it. That was… that was new.

“Do we really need this part? Maybe we could skip ahead a little?” Given the current circumstances, I believe your relationship with Steven is quite relevant. “Fiiiine.”

“I’m Ren Kosugi.”

His smile became even more radiant, if that were possible. “A pleasure to meet you, Ren.” He extended a hand, and she took it. “So, are you a fan of cave paintings or did you need me for something?”

Ren paused for a moment before answering, but despite the mental preparation, her tongue still betrayed her. “I needed you—” If she wasn't blushing before, she certainly was now. She could feel the heat welling up from her chest and radiating from her face. “I didn’t even know there were cave paintings here. Your father asked me to deliver a package.” Ren dove into her bag to stop looking at him for a moment, and he thanked her as handed him the parcel.

“He didn't even let me know you were coming,” Steven murmured, almost to himself. He sighed. “Well, trouble always comes in twos. I was waiting for the other shoe to drop.”

“Sorry to be the Yamikarasu before the storm.”

He blinked back to the moment. “Not at all. I don't know how much my father told you, but this is extremely important. Thank you again for agreeing to deliver it.”

“It was no trouble. I'm glad I came to Dewford.”

“It is quite lovely. Though admittedly, I don't spend much time on the island aboveground. Will you challenge the gym while you're here?”

“Yes.”

“Excellent. Brawley won't be easy, but it should be a fun battle.”

“Māia will be glad to hear that.” Ren somehow hadn’t expected him to be this nice and friendly. But then again, there was a good chance he felt obligated to be. Maybe she should give him an out. “Where are the cave paintings you mentioned?”

“I’ll take you. It’s the least I can do.” Well, obligation or no, she wasn’t going to refuse the offer. “Actually, hang on a moment.” He picked his bag off the floor and rummaged through it. “You have a Taillow, don’t you?”

Right. They all knew her already. “I do.”

Steven smiled, and then his face suddenly grew taught and his lips retreated into his mouth, like he'd said to much.

“Don't worry, Roxanne already spilled about the group chat.”

“Thank Arceus!” He sagged in relief before snapping back to attention. “Wait, did she really?” Ren nodded, and his face wrinkled in fiendish delight. “I can never properly repay you for this invaluable intelligence! I'm saving this for the next time she thinks she can correct my Anorith claw identification!” Ren felt a little bad for tattling on her, but that light in his eyes was hard to resist. He gave a somewhat sheepish little chuckle. “We’re friends, I swear.” He took a calming breath and relaxed a little, though he was still near bubbling with mischief. It was a pleasant change from his subdued worrying over the prototype.

She was even more curious about it now, but didn’t want to bring the mood back down by asking. Besides, the fact that he hadn’t volunteered any more on his own suggested he wouldn’t tell her either way.

He pulled a TM out of a case in his bag and held it out to her. “Anyway, please accept this. It’s Steel Wing, my favorite move.”

Ren almost turned it down—TMs were very expensive—but between Steven's hopeful expression and how angry Māia would be if she heard that Ren had refused it, that wasn't much of an option. “Thank you.”

He stowed the package in his vapor box and stripped off his climbing harness, folding it neatly with the rest of his things before gesturing down the tunnel.

“Shall we?”

They headed off with Akahana trailing behind, and Steven pointed out various mineral deposits and formations as they went along. The most dramatic of which was a section of tunnel through black stone rather than mottled pink.

“Now this,” Steven paused to gesture grandly, “is why the caverns exist in the first place. It's a dolerite intrusion.”

“That's when magma pushes through an older rock?” The specific terminology was pushing the bounds of her Anglic mastery, but she had taken geology as one of her science electives, so she could at least take a crack at the words she wasn’t sure of.

“Exactly so!” A smile broke across his face, and suddenly Ren felt unreasonably proud of her guess. Steven’s fingers brushed gently across the rough black stone as if it were velvet. “This particular dolerite is exceptionally rich in iron, which is how an island this small can maintain such a robust Aron population.”

She glanced around and suddenly the regular grooves in the concave walls became obvious as claw and horn marks. “I saw a few on my way in, but I didn't know they excavated this.”

He turned slowly, giving her a moment to fall in step beside him before continuing. “It's not terribly common knowledge outside of the locals and some rock hunters like myself, but my Aggron grew up here. She's out foraging and catching up with friends, but she'll be along.”

“No wonder you’re such an expert on this place.” Compliments like that always flowed easily off Ren’s tongue, and a cheeky smile accompanied it as naturally as anything, but this time it made her feel pleasantly warm.

Steven hummed. “Gilchrist knows these tunnels as well as her armor.” His eyes flickered over her face and his lip turned upward at whatever he found there. “If you don't mind a detour, there's a siltstone deposit down this way with some truly spectacular stromatolites.”

“I don't mind at all!” She bounced on the balls of her feet. “Only, what is a stromatolite?”

“They are columns formed by almost innumerable layers of cyanobacteria growing atop one another to reach the sun,” he explained with a poetic folding and upturning of his hands. “Thus given the right conditions, the layers can form organic patters in the rock, much the way pattern welding shows the many folds that went into the steel when polished just so.”

“Now that I've heard of. It's so pretty! And I had no idea bacteria could be responsible for rock formations.”

“Not only that, but stromatolites are the oldest fossils we have and an invaluable window into ancient life on the planet!”

The stromatolites turned out to be quite striking, and there was so much to know about them. Steven explained it all quite thoroughly, with the detailed information accompanied by dramatic gestures and an infectious enthusiasm in his tone.

He reminded her of Kai just a little—except that he left little pauses for clarification and to gage her interest, whereas she usually had to tap Kai to get a word in edgewise. Ren wasn’t sure what exactly she’d been expecting, but Steven was definatly a surprise. Certainly a far cry from the intimidating force of nature who was the current Sekiei League Champion. He was, well, a huge dork really, but a charming one.

After many turnings, rock facts, and stories Steven’s Aggron had told him about her ancestors, they emerged into a large oblong chamber covered in murals. There were no clear divisions between the different sections; instead, the images marched seamlessly along through different scenes, all spilling forth from a giant central painting of what must be two gods. They looked vaguely familiar. Maybe her father had once told her stories about them.

“These paintings were made by the Draconid people approximately twenty-five hundred years ago. It contains most of their history. The central mural depicts the formation of Hoenn and the surrounding islands as a battle between the climate gods Groudon and Kyogre.”

Yes, she did know them, though hazily. But what she had at first thought were rolling clouds above them was actually a great serpentine god she didn’t know at all.

“The part that draws most scholars is the portrayal of the climate gods. Their forms are quite unlike all other depictions of them. Once, most historians simply wrote it off to artistic license, but in recent years, many have theorized that this is meant to represent their mega evolutions. But they appear to draw their power from deep in the earth rather than from humans or mega stones.” Steven gestured to the lines that swept up from the floor of the cavern and into the core of each god. “Draconid elders say that this represents their primal forms, as they were when Arcues first created them, distinct from their more current forms but also not mega evolutions. I tend to think that story is closest to the truth since it was their ancestors who made the paintings. But the debate wages on.”

“Masaka,” Ren murmured appreciatively. “I can’t believe I never heard about this. I guess Johto has its own mysteries to focus on. Thanks for showing me. This is unbelievably cool.”

“I wish I could tell you more about the rest, but ancient studies aren’t exactly my area of expertise.”

Akahana growled low, and they both whipped around. Whatever had set her off wasn’t in sight yet, or in Ren’s hearing. “Six humans, more pokemon.”

“Trainers?” Ren asked.

Akahana nodded. “I don’t like their footfalls.”

Ren looked over at Steven. His expression had hardened, and a hand hovered over the pokeballs at his belt. “Magma.”

“You sure?”

“Go.” He pointed. “There’s a tunnel just down there.”

“Wait, I’m not just gonna leave you to fight six trainers by yourself!”

“The last thing we need is for them to see you in connection with the prototype again. Three instances is no longer a coincidence.” She couldn't argue with that, but it didn't make leaving him okay. He took her shoulder and met her eyes. “I'll be fine.” He had that tone that made him easy to believe, just like his father. “I’ll call for you if I need help, I promise.”

Ren patted his arm in return before hurrying into the side tunnel with Akahana. They stopped as soon as they were out of sight and not a moment too soon. There were footsteps, shouts, wingbeats, and then a pregnant pause.

“Hand over the prototype!” A woman's voice. There was something unsettling about it. A ragged edge that that grated her nerves.

“Dr. Courtney Kagari!” Steven answered. “I almost didn't recognize you. It's been so long. I'm glad to see you've pursued that interest in training, though I must admit I'm a little disappointed Dr. Matsuda didn't come himself.”

“Enough! We're business people. Let's complete this transaction.”

“That's our parents, not us. We chose different careers for ourselves. I don't think I've ever had the chance to tell you, but I really do admire what you've accomplished with their fortune.”

Ren hadn't detected any sarcasm in his tone, but Courtney snarled. “Give me the parts!”

“I assume you must be after a Devon project? Then I’m afraid I must disappoint you. I don’t have it.”

Shrill cackling pierced Ren’s ears and echoed through the caverns, growing deeper as it went, like the stone itself was laughing.

“Do you really think it wise to take on the League Champion?” They must have been advancing on him.

“No one’s invulnerable, Stone.”

“True,” Steven answered. There wasn't even a hint of fear in it. The easy confidence remained unshaken. There was only amusement and excitement. “But some of us are a little closer than others.”

Flashes of red played across the tunnel entrance, commands jumbled together, and a deep metallic cry rang out above the roars, shrieks, and snarls as pokemon rushed into battle. Ren and Akahana stayed out of sight around the corner, trying to make sense of the sounds of moves flying and bodies connecting. Dr. Kagari and her cohort shouted attacks, but Ren didn’t hear Steven’s voice again until the glare of flames lit the rock across from her.

“MIND THE MURALS!” he thundered. “Those paintings are over two thousand years old!”

The ground beneath Ren’s feet trembled and Akahana whipped around, hackles on end and bristling. A flood of Zubat crashed over them like water, too fast for Ren to do anything but throw her arms in front of her face. Hundreds of wings buffeted her from all sides, and she tottered as their high shrieks cleaved her skull. The world spun around her—Supersonic.

“Look out!”

Ren peered out from behind an arm and swiveled in time to see the tattered image of something barreling towards her. She staggered, and a moment later, a flash of electricity punched a hole in the flow of Zubat around her, giving her an unobstructed view. Akahana’s blinding teeth sank into a the arm of a Makuhita and before Ren could move or force her tongue to form a warning, the wild socked Akahana in the gut with a glowing fist, launching her into the rock. She hit with horrible thud that struck Ren’s ears above the din, and tumbled down the wall’s curvature to sprawl limply across the floor. This time she did not roll back to her feet.

No! No! No!

Ren took a step towards the Makuhita as it rounded on her, then froze as white hot pain roared up her arm. Her other hand snapped to her belt, and she sent out Tāraki. The wild charged him, but he leapt over it and slammed it in the back of the head with his tail. That was enough to down it, but Tāraki climbed atop it just to be sure. Ren rifled through her bag, shaking her head as if that would clear it any faster. She sprayed a potion over Akahana with trembling hands as the last of the Zubat flew out above them.

“Just hang in there! We’ll get you to the Center soon, I promise.”

Ren watched Akahana’s side, but the everything was still moving too much to tell if she was breathing. She put her hands on Akahana but couldn’t feel her heartbeat over a rumble rising up through the floor. Tāraki planted himself in front of them as a Lairon loomed out of the darkness. It roared and charged right for them. Ren wasn’t sure what she yelled as Tāraki ran to meet it, but suddenly energy was flooding out of her and into him. He evolved in a flash as bright as lightning, sending a ripple through the surrounding air. He threw all of his newfound power into a single slash that knocked the Lairon off course. Its head bumped the wall and left a gouge before it swung back to center and stormed out of the tunnel.

Ren let out a deep sigh. Her body felt heavy. Tāraki returned to her side, and she stroked Akahana gently, watching for the slight rise and fall of her shallow breathing. She felt callused hands on her face that weren’t there trying to pull her eyes away, her father’s voice saying words she couldn’t hear. There was only blood, the prone pokemon before her, and shuddering, gasping breaths that would gutter out to stillness.

Ren hadn’t noticed the sounds of battle stop, but suddenly Steven was there, gripping her shoulder to bring her back. “What happened?”

Red seeped back into her memories. There were no gaping wounds—though internal bleeding was probable. She was still breathing. “A wild attacked us. My Poochyena…”

“I’ll get you to the Pokemon Center. Come.”

Ren returned Akahana to her ball, but wouldn’t let go even to stow it. Steven pulled her along by her other hand to the surface, then helped her aboard his Skarmory. They flew fast and low along the coast and ran up to the intake counter. Trainers weren’t allowed in the ICU, so Ren collapsed on one of the waiting room couches.

She didn't ask Steven to stay, but he did. He probably felt responsible, as Ren would have felt in his place, but it was Ren who hadn't withdrawn Akahana when she had the chance, who had taken too long to send out Taraki. All she could see was the button of Akahana’s pokeball blinking red over and over until it went black.

Then there was a flash of silver. Ren blinked. It was the rings on Steven’s hand, palm up before her. She took it, a little more roughly than she intended, and he squeezed her gently back.

“She'll be alright.”

Ren wanted to believe him. The calm assurance in his voice made it easier. Maybe she would pull through. Akahana was nothing if not resilient. But even if she did survive, it wouldn't be alright. Ren knew that as surely as she knew her arm would always ache, as sure as it throbbed right now with her pulse. But if she lived, at least Ren would have a chance to make it better somehow. She really wanted a chance this time.

#ORAS #nuzlocke #storylocke #Steven Stone #Ren #Taraki #Akahana #Courtney #lgbtq #chapter

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drrockclub · 5 years

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Trail through the sedimentary record

Change in the degree of folding and rock tilting

Weathering and erosion.

Rocks that are softer will breakdown faster than those that are hard.

Here, layers of siltstone (soft) and sandstone (hard) which originally would have been layered perfectly flat millions of years ago (layer cake stratigraphy), were tilted by the tectonic compression, pushing them up to this vertical orientation.

Once exposed to rain and wind, the processes of weathering and erosion have started sculpting these rocks by removing soft siltstone layers at faster rate than the neighbouring sandstones.

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lilyriani-globetrotter · 3 years

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The trail is fairly easy (trust me 😏) and I rather enjoyed it. It takes less than half an hour to reach the beach unless you terhegeh ambek banyak gambar like us lah 😂. We managed to cover the Tanjung Batu Chimney Walking Trail, where its formation is estimated to be 15 million years old consisting of sandstone lithology of Belait formation. The Belait Formation consist of crossbedded sandstone, interbedded sandstone, siltstone, coal and shale that overlies the Setap Shale in Klias Peninsula. The Belait Formation is an extension from the Klias Peninsula that is located at the south-western part of Sabah. Labuan Geopark Media Trip is in collaboration with Tourism Malaysia, Tourism Labuan, Malaysia Airlines and all its sponsors. #CutiCutiMalaysia #MaritahKaLabuan #TourismMalaysiaLabuan #TourismMalaysia #MalaysiaAirlines #MASWings #MASWingsMates (at Labuan Chimney Walking Trail) https://www.instagram.com/p/CUwZzNdFZyp/?utm_medium=tumblr

#cuticutimalaysia #maritahkalabuan #tourismmalaysialabuan #tourismmalaysia #malaysiaairlines #maswings #maswingsmates

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earthstory · 7 years

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Harpers Ferry and the 1859 raid

On this date, October 16th, 1859, the city and river crossing featured in this photo was the scene of a raid against a U.S. military target driven by the issue of slavery.

This scene shows Harpers Ferry in West Virginia (the apostrophe has been dropped today). The small community sits at the meeting point between Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia, and at the point where the Shenandoah River meets the Potomac River. Much of the area you see is included within Harpers Ferry National Historic Park, and the Appalachian Trail passes directly through this territory.

Harpers Ferry sits within the Blue Ridge province composed of metamorphic rocks formed in the latter part of the Precambrian and early part of the Cambrian. The river here crosses through rocks of the Chilhowee group, made up mostly of Cambrian-aged metamorphosed siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerates formed during time prior to the start of subduction, when oceanic sediments accumulated along the North American coastline in a passive margin sequence. The rocks at this site are less strongly metamorphosed than those in the surrounding territory so the rivers have incised more steeply into the terrain, leading to higher stream gradients and more rapid water flows in the area.

The surrounding stronger rocks are remnants of a series of collisions which took place on the North American coastline. Oceanic rocks were subducting beneath North America, bringing island arcs and eventually Africa in to collide with North America. Those collisions buried previous sedimentary rocks to depths where they were metamorphosed, built mountain ranges, and eventually caused the buried rocks at depth to be broken, faulted, and uplifted to the surface.

As a consequence of the confluence of the rivers, in the late 18th century President George Washington designated Harpers Ferry as a location where the U.S. military would establish a permanent armory.

On October 16th, 1859, an abolitionist named John Brown led a band of over 20 armed men in a raid on the site. They were able to actually capture the armory for a short time before they were surrounded by local militia and federal troops. All of the men were either captured or killed, and Brown himself was executed a few days later. This raid became an additional rallying cry in the efforts to end slavery in America, which culminated a few years later in the U.S. Civil War.

-JBB

Image credit: Steve S. (Creative commons license share) http://www.flickr.com/photos/12332470@N00/108926827/

References http://www.wvculture.org/history/jnobrown.html http://web.wm.edu/geology/virginia/rivers/potomac-shenandoah.html

#Harpers Ferry #John Brown #Geology #ABolitionist #Potomac #River #Metamorphic #Allegheny orogeny #The earth story #armory #History #Cambrian #precambrian #Slavery

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uxbridge · 2 months

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Hilly trail 1

#landscape #landscape photography #photography #nature #nature photography #naturecore #trees #woods #forest #winter #knobs #hills #siltstone trail #louisville #kentucky #jefferson memorial forest

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ultraheydudemestuff · 4 years

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Euclid Creek Reservation

850 Euclid Creek Parkway

Cleveland, OH 44121

Euclid Creek, a city-managed park at 850 Euclid Creek Parkway in Cleveland, OH, on and near Lake Erie, featuring a beach, fishing, trails, seasonal sports, and the Upper Highland Picnic Area, is a popular urban oasis for picnicking, fitness, and other recreational opportunities in a natural setting. Visitors can follow Euclid Creek Valley along 2.5 miles of interesting geology along this verdant corridor, from Quarry Picnic Area to Highland Picnic Area. Historic points of interest include former Bluestone quarries, CCC camp, and Euclid Beach Park. As the creek flows northward to Lake Erie, so does the reservation. Part of Euclid Creek Reservation includes Wildwood Marina, Villa Angela Park and Beach, and Euclid Beach. On June 6, 2013 Cleveland Metroparks assumed management of certain Lakefront State properties which include Edgewater Park, E. 55th St. Marina, Gordon Park, Euclid Beach Park, Villa Angela and Wildwood Park. While the City of Cleveland will continue to own the properties, Cleveland Metroparks holds a 99 year lease to manage and enhance the parks, with a commitment to outstanding stewardship. Euclid Beach Park, Villa Angela Park and Wildwood Park join Euclid Creek Reservation, while Edgewater Park, E. 55th St. Marina and Gordon Park comprise Cleveland Metroparks newest reservation, Lakefront Reservation. Euclid Creek Reservation is named for Euclid Creek which runs the length of the reservation. It features wooded hillsides where the rare rock chestnut oak grows. The reservation is located in Cleveland, Euclid, South Euclid and Richmond Heights.

The southern portion of the reservation is the site of a “ghost town.” The village of Bluestone flourished in the late 1800s and early 1900s when its populace quarried the blue-gray siltstone used in building sidewalks and other construction. Today, the only remaining exposure of bluestone is in Quarry Picnic Area. Euclid Creek Reservation expanded in June 2013 to include the northern portion of the reservation consisting of Euclid Beach Park, Villa Angela Park and Wildwood Park runs along the Lake Erie shoreline. Once the site of the famous Euclid Beach Amusement Park, Euclid Beach Park now features a 650’ beach with shaded picnic areas, a scenic observation pier and a reservable pavilion. Though it closed in 1969, signs of the amusement park including the shuffleboard area, remnants of the beachside fountain and concrete footers of the Flying Turns roller coaster are still visible. Adjacent to Euclid Beach Park is Villa Angela Park and Wildwood Park. Scenic overlooks and a wide variety of plant species can be seen along Villa Angela Park’s scenic boardwalk that leads out to a fishing pier and the 900’ sandy beach. An angler’s paradise, Wildwood Park has a boat launch providing access to Lake Erie, access to the summer Lake Erie walleye and yellow perch fisheries, access to Euclid Creek for steelhead and spring white suckers and two lengthy rock breakwalls to accommodate shore anglers. The 17-mile Cleveland Lakefront Bike Trail traces the Lake Erie shoreline providing access to Edgewater Park, the E. 55th St. Marina, Gordon Park, Euclid Beach Park, Villa Angela Park and Wildwood Park.

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themegamenarablr · 5 years

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A Short Outline About Great Allegheny Passage

By Nancy Hall

Great Allegheny Passage runs into each other of exchange and triumph, investigation and strife. It will yield you along the course trod through George Washington and incalculable Indians. The armed forces of French who derived to vanquish the boondocks and the English colonials who originated to compel them out went to Great Allegheny Passage BB. You will go along the conduits where pioneers manufactured flatboats. This was when Western Pennsylvania Conservancy acquired the principal property that would turn into the Hole from Western Maryland Railroad Organization. Rail trail bunches shaped up and down the passageway and it wound up clear that a persistent trail was conceivable from Pittsburgh toward Cumberland toward Washington. A Track Summit is held inside September 1995. Over the sea, France and Britain had been combatant for military and exchange. The area assumed a focal job in the advancement of United States past the oceanic settlements imagined by European interests. Inside this unique situation, understanding in the trail hallway can be grounded inside the verifiable and geographic centrality of transportation courses created to make associations between the Chesapeake Straight and major eastern shops or the upper Ohio Stream Bowl with a letter advising the English. What the residue progressed toward becoming relied upon what was occurring at the time. A seafloor moved toward becoming limestone, shale or siltstone settled in calm waters of waterfront inlets washed down ashore, coal framed from vegetation inside warm seaside marshes and sandstone was initially streamed channels, ridges, and shorelines along the beachfront plain. In a dying down bowl, layer upon layer developed and wound up western Pennsylvania. There will be establishments for signs and surrendered levels that prompted since a long time ago shut enterprises. Up or down the manner in which you would see and hear prepares on the bustling line which is quite often over the stream from a trail. The Framework was most likely the main railroad named for a feline. It was the consequence of a merger amid the Baltimore or Ohio Railroad, Chesapeake in this piece. It manufactured the Youghiogheny Branch inside 1883 in order to tap the huge coal and coke assets on the west bank of Youghiogheny Waterway. In 1912 West Maryland was worked from Cumberland to go along with it at Connellsville. Composed, the conveyed cargo traffic from Pittsburgh also the Midwest which was headed for Baltimore or the east shore. Western Maryland is a little railroad that initially kept running from Baltimore. This was until it was bought in 1906 through George Gould, child of the lender Jay Gould. The more youthful Gould imagined the WM as a component of his amazing plan of a cross country railroad after San Francisco toward Baltimore. While this is never accomplished, which was never accomplished, yet Gould or his successors extended the line toward Cumberland and after that Connellsville to close Williamsport and at your personal pace. It is frequently on the definite spot where occasions happened. The story could be told securely, discreetly and at recreation where individuals can stop, remain back or gain a feeling of spot that cannot be encountered some other way. Among the waterfront plan or a Piedmont toward the east or an incomparable Mississippi Bowl near the west, Allegheny Mountains have displayed an imposing hindrance since man previously set foot. They were building up footholds in Quebec or Louisiana at mouths of St. Lawrence or Mississippi Waterways. The French populace numbered during the many thousands spread over a meager line three thousand miles in length. The English populace became past a million into number moved in a region under two hundred miles wide and six hundred miles in length along Eastern Seaboard. Indians were undermined by inclination heat.

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