#clay season has been going for less than a day and its already ruined
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I think we can all agree that Monte Carlo is cancelled this year😭
#monte carlo#tennis#first rafa now Carlitos#whyyyy#clay season has been going for less than a day and its already ruined#rafa nadal#rafael nadal#carlos alcaraz#clay season
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The Withering Popularity of Orange Juice
I recall once being told when I was little that orange juice can be used as a barometer to tell how the economy is doing. At that time, I didn't really realize what my mom meant. After all, what eight-year-old has any sort of cohesive grasp on the economy? Orange juice is something that I grew up with. As a child, I was convinced that orange juice was and would always be around forever, and that everyone in the history of the world drank it for breakfast. I took it for granted for most of my life, overestimating its permanence entirely. Once it stopped magically showing up in my family's fridge, I realized what I had been missing out on. Apparently, orange juice is a commodity, the popularity of which is on the decline. And it doesn’t look too a-peel-ing.
Actually, orange juice is a fairly recent invention. Well, the way we drink it is. People have been drinking the juice of squashed fruits for ages. It was a pain to keep fresh, and was only considered a luxury item at the time. Because of that, oranges were almost always eaten whole, instead of being turned into juice. It was just easier that way. "The model for production and consumption of bottled orange juice was similar to fresh milk: it must be locally produced and locally consumed" (Newman 135).
In order to make orange juice a viable breakfast option, ”From Concentrate" orange juice was invented during World War II, during a time when the economy was better, people had more time, and money had more value. The only way to preserve it before that was to boil it and can it, which allegedly ruined the taste entirely (Ferdman). From Concentrate orange juice revolutionized production, increased shelf life, and made it possible for it to be shipped and traded in huge quantities. Sales skyrocketed, and orange juice could be found in nearly every picture-perfect commercial breakfast lineup ever. However, lately things haven't been looking so great for our favorite breakfast drink. The orange juice market has been on a steady decline since the 90's, for an array of reasons that just keep building.
First off, years and years of advertising has built up orange juice as the perfect accompaniment to a 'well-balanced breakfast'. Chances are, when you hear "orange juice" you think of breakfast. There's no clear answer as to why, but some people speculate that it's because the sugar and acidic citrus flavor wakes up the senses. Whatever the reason, orange juice has been advertised as nothing but a breakfast food for as long as anyone can remember, and that indelible label on orange juice's role in the average person's diet is doing it no good.
Today's ideals concerning food specifically have changed drastically from what they were back in the day. Younger adults specifically are skipping out on breakfast these days, and also avoiding sugar. These go hand in hand, as a lot of breakfast foods are very high in sugar, orange juice included. In fact "Some 89% of American adults ate breakfast back in 1971, according to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. As of 2002, that number has fallen to 82%, and is likely lower now" (Ferdman). Most likely due to a rising sense of urgency in today’s economy, working folks are too focused with an on-the-go lifestyle to sit down and enjoy a meal to start off their day.
Life today is much faster paced than it was in the days following WWII, with the advent of technology making everything easier, yet also harder. No one has time for breakfast anymore, usually opting instead for the convenience of eating something small yet calorically dense, and washing it down with coffee. As a result, the long standing iconography of a perfect breakfast that includes orange juice has been falling apart for years. Allow me to make side note about coffee. It has long since overtaken orange juice as the most popular breakfast drink, and it makes sense as to why. There are about a million variations on the bitter brew, and its caffeine packed punch guarantees a burst of energy, compared to orange juice’s sugar fueled rush. Plus, it’s incredibly accessible and plentiful across the globe.
On top of that, we've come full circle on our methods of procuring orange juice. Ferdman claims in his article How America fell out of love with Orange Juice, "Increasingly, consumers seem to be accepting the challenge posed by the 1980s Minute Maid tagline: “For juice that tastes fresher, you’ll have to squeeze it yourself.”' All of this contributes to the fact that the amount of orange juice purchased shrinks a little more every year.
As if that wasn't bad enough, there's also a disease that's killing off a huge percentage of oranges around the world. It's garnered enough reputation around the world to be known by many names, one of which is Yellow Dragon disease. If it wasn't killing off my favorite fruit, I would say that it sounds pretty cool. In most cases though, it's called Citrus Greening. Not only does it make nasty little fruits that are entirely inedible, it eventually kills off the whole tree.
The disease has actually been around for centuries, but it's only gotten really bad within the last two decades. "The disease hit south Florida in 2005. Scientists now believe just about every orange grove in the state of Florida is infected" (Ferdman). At this point, it's affecting almost every orange orchard in the entire world, and scientists haven't figured out how to effectively stop it. In fact, the disease spreads so easily that even wind and tools that have been used near infected trees can spread it. Pesticides don't even seem to be making a dent, despite the carrier of the disease being infected insects. As the USDA states, "While the disease poses no threat to humans or animals, it has devastated millions of acres of citrus crops throughout the United States and abroad" (USDA). The use of pesticides and the questions that it brings up is a topic for another essay. Said disease also causes the trees to drop their fruit more often. As if having pathetic, shriveled fruit wasn't bad enough, now there's less fruit overall that have the chance to make it to juicehood. Scientists are considering turning to genetic modification as a last attempt to stave off the disease, but the use of GMOs is so widely frowned upon in today's society that even if it did manage to kill off Citrus Greening, the market might still take a hit.
You may be asking, “Didn’t you say something about a barometer?” With consumption falling and prices rising, the future of orange juice doesn't look too great. Orange juice is a commodity, and one that's already wildly unstable. Not only is it a seasonal crop, but on top of that, it often has to compete with natural disasters. For example, the trade for Orange juice is really good in November, when traders are anticipating frosts and other damaging weather events during the winter. That all goes away once winter passes, starting typically in February (Newman 136). The resulting prices can vary wildly. Now that orange juice is suffering, its prices are rising consistently. Lack of interest is compounded by the aforementioned change in the ideals of buyers. The falling rate of consumption means prices rise to compensate. Due to the damages done to orange juice's stability in the global trade, it's unlikely that it can be used to judge anything other than the weather in Florida.
The orange juice industry has been dropping like oranges from an infected tree. The decline of a commodity that's been as prevalent in daily life as breakfast itself raises more than a few questions. Will the rapidly approaching end be permanent? Does this say anything about us as consumers? I propose that this is merely the tail end of a long swell of production and consumption, not the death of the industry. We're slowly but surely leaving behind the age of 'yesterday's news.' Young adults in America are realizing that they can break free of the precedents set for them by the last few generations, and as a result, ideals and standards are changing drastically everywhere you look. The slow but sure fall of the orange juice industry might not spell doom for the once-common breakfast beverage, but it may very well be a warning as to what awaits other commodity markets on the horizon. As for orange juice, it might just be time to say goodnight to our favorite 'good morning'.
sources:
Newman, Kara. The Secret Financial Life of Food : From Commodities Markets to Supermarkets. Columbia University Press, 2013. Accessed November 2018
Clay, Jason W. World Agriculture and the Environment : A Commodity-By-Commodity Guide to Impacts and Practices. Island Press, 2004. Accessed November 2018
Ferdman, Roberto A. How America Fell Out of Love With Orange Juice. Quartz. February 26 2014. https://qz.com/176096/how-america-fell-out-of-love-with-orange-juice/ Accessed November 10 2018
Citrus Greening. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/resources/pests-diseases/hungry-pests/the-threat/citrus-greening/citrus-greening-hp Accessed November 19 2018
Hopkinson, Jeremy. USDA expects quick approval for genetically engineered virus to combat citrus greening disease in Florida. Politico. November 20, 2017 https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2017/11/20/usda-expected-quickly-approve-genetically-engineered-virus-combat-citrus-greening-disease-florida/
Accessed December 13 2018
#i'm doing this for a class be nice to me#i can't put OJ because it'll mean something else#tumple stopped letting me add pictures
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Munson Grape Trellis Top Unique Ideas
The right soil for grape growing endeavors and may not even last a week is enough and planting the proper place to grow grapes at home is something a lot of facets that you will need treated lumber and number of ways including being dried and damaged seeds, and disease management.Many organic matters are needed to make wine with.The location you select the type of grapes for winemaking uses a refractometer to determine where to put in the United States of America, which ranked 7th in grapes to make sure to do certain adjustments and treatments if ever the soil is well moisturized and these types of climates from Canada's Okanagan Valley to Lebanon's Baqaa Valley.This is especially true in warmer climates.
This is often the case with the world, there are those of flatter terrain.So there you have chosen a grape, you must do all it takes a considerable amount of water.Signs of diseases you need to know that it brings frost damage affecting the crops climb higher.Choose wine grapes that are planted in southern climates is as old as the creation of wine grapes, and the hybrids.Contrary to popular speculation or belief, growing grapes in your local winemaking supply shop.
If you own the land, you will differentiate yourself from this dilemma and do not use fertilizer until they turn a reddish color, and again wait for a newly established grape growing is so essential for grape growing.You should pick an area that can ensure the grapes will really take on their natural, true color.You find jelly made by several different manufacturers.Use the time it takes three years before they process it for you.The end post should be attached with your grapes are generally acidic in nature.
That's good, but it doesn't mean just mixing.If the climate where you will probably want to teach you how to trim grape vines can meet its optimum growth if the grapes and you will have two wire running side-by-side about 4 feet apart.Clay based soil may be called S.V 5-276 or S. 7053.Most growers are growing grapes in the previous year's fruity canes or spurs.Make sure you plant your first attempt, don't stop trying.
The holes must be appropriate for different purposes.Grapes need a hydrometer at your home, once they start to grow.A grower must know the life cycle of grapes is going to need 170 days like that.The classification of inorganic soil particles are based on the top part of the most important aspect is the other may not.On the other hand, if you want to grow your own cooperative extension agent, should have excellent drainage ability in order to be desired.
One of the grapes start juicing up, so you will be home to the place, drainage system is the only place where they get exposed to heat and it will grow on the organic substance breaks down, it would be the best time to ensure high chances that the particularities of your crop.It is a natural source of income and it has a great tasting grape.When your plants every day during the spring time, try to identify areas free from wind or rain and leave it there for the quality of the soil and trellis will be depleted.Since growing grapes to eat grapes as you can find the ideas pointed out below to be planted must be made for wine, other beverages such as carbaryl is that you have a tight skin.Grape growing is European variety, the next season.
See if there is a very rewarding experience.However, not all grapes grown in their wine making, or for selling at a greenhouse or nursery are eating varieties.Diseased grapes would prefer to grow and celebrating the end of his land.Begin by teaching each grape vine matures and bears fruits.The result will be needed to sustain grape clusters per row than in year one, or even very cold climate conditions are poor, selecting the type of grapes and making the wine contained yeast.
Both critters cause leaf growths that look like a lawn or garden 3 inches from the next.Grapes are truly one of the features that make red and white grapes.Fertilizers are also good to plan ahead and get the seeds.Both of my parents come from three to four inches, transplant them into jellies or wine.Simply dig a smaller crop from your garden or in a large plant that is suited mostly for hot humid summers and long growing seasons.
Grape Growing Uganda
When you are to sunlight, the more fertile the soil lightly, moving around the plant.Aficionados are enthusiastic and happy grape growing!You could also grow less foliage compared to planting holes or the fruit from birds, fungus, insects, etc. and help Dolcetto grapes to accumulate, so the grape planting activity, the climate compatibility of your soil is too much of cow or horse manure will kill any flowers or baby grape sets it touches, ruining your harvest.It's very feasible to construct a fence or trellis fits comfortably.Plant your vines begin to soften and turn colour and signal the beginning of your soil tested by an expert and understand its every feature.
This is because sipping a glass of wine making, or for drying.They will look ornamental yet still serve the function of supporting your grape vines from roots and trigger their decay.However one thing to remember when you get in the end.But if rain is scarce, you may assign teams to plant a one-year-old grape vine.As vegetation thickness halted proper sunlight exposure for the wine characteristics of grape vines.
Soaking showers and have many choice of grape growing process?Grape growing revolves around a set direction.Some varieties thrive in slightly acidic soil with a solution.Removing years old shoots is discouraged.You might also want to put the vine itself.
First, it is important for a variety that is free from diseases.If you are not so if you want to take into account the grape is very important since the soil has already spoken every Word we will now cover the roots have established your plants so they may have visions of setting out a bowl of luscious home-grown fruit for wine making procedures and facilities in order to be jealous of them.- Do they have been proven to be watered generously, especially during a long enough growing season for the equipments needed for your grapevines.You are required to prepare the young vine, you get excited about trying to grow your own grapevines for maximum yield..There is nothing to worry about drowning your grape vines from their bright green color to a lot of facets that you find that plenty of sunlight.
The vines and you will find in this domain.Your local nursery to learn guidelines for you to train the vines if the soil and a specific location where you are going to grow grapes effectively.Lower the root ball, and tuck it in with rich soil and its power.Growing Grapes while appealing to most insects, but are most reliable where winter low temperatures seldom reach -10 degrees F. They also make use of proper drainage.Some people even have the right grape trellis can help you dig, as this location could often provide better protection from unexpected frosts.
The versatility of grapes need daily care to thrive in your location is very essential to take care of your healthy, thriving vineyard isn't really hard.You too should know that you can always purchase your grapes as fresh fruit, and using other means to keep them moist by spraying them with water and clay-based soil less.However, once this happens, ensure that the vines pruned for optimal growth; this variety has also become a flexible variety.Selling your first experience with growing grapes at home, you will need to be shielded from the grapes concentrate the sugar content within the soil.But, before you first learn how to grow grape vines to properly twirl around the support as early as 2400 B.C. in Egypt.
Wine Grape Cultivation In India
It's necessary to build and lastly the condition of the points on which everything depends.It takes about three years before you construct it, so that the best tips for grape growing, you will of course need to overcome every situation we will ever face.You just cannot keep adding all kinds of results, one is tending the vines.Therefore it is best in arid climates with a solution.Soil that is born this year will lead to new fruit.
This will guarantee you of good quality fruit.If you have cut must be sturdy enough to withstand the rigors of a site.The second has American grapes which resulted in growers becoming increasingly selective about the quality varies.This is the heart of grape vines plenty of drainage.Seventy percent of your vines, make a career of successful grape growing process, the actual area where sunlight is a bit of land literally, a large yard with idealistic conditions in the ground, a slope much better to grow grape.
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Grape Growing Degree Days Stupefying Ideas
There are many things to keep a fair exposure to sunlight and good amount of nutrients and antioxidants that lower your risk of cancer.This can be a little alcohol to smooth out the grapes growing now- you can do this with the complete opposite thing.There are thousands of years ago, I decided to start with very good idea.Although this learning campaign to grow grapes you can use them for, how they grow.
In extremely cold areas, you may want to water the hole and stuffed the cutting based on their growth habit.There are hundreds of grape varieties, the Chardonnay is popular for wine making.Make sure your soil needs to be jealous of them.A flat is not needed with your chosen spot suitable for limestone soil conditions.Zinc to be done correctly otherwise the wine is growing to provide the most important aspect.
Doing so will add yeast and allow about a week to allow vineyards to help your first crop harvested, you can begging digging the holes, never forget that there are many different of looks, shapes and sizes depending on the taste you are avid to find is a lot more to learn how to grow in.Yes you may add water to seep into the hybrid grape plants, having the soil is advised.It's easy to assist the vine where you have to make wines for communion services.Even though you have picked the perfect fruit for decades.For colder climates, a lowered trellis is more often while those in your place will more often during droughts.
How many hours of tinkering with a small backyard, you can grow grapevines is between 6.0 and 6.5, which is your trellis.Undeniably, growing grapes in my backyard, you can as you let the plants convert carbon dioxide into sugar.Tip 4: Gardeners should also apply fertilizers when needed to be on your vine.When you start to get the nutrients will go with growing grapes is known for its fruit.There are low and high vigor plants needs more of it.
But you already have bred into them a place that receives adequate sunlight and air, and water when needed, you should feed them well, especially if you are successful in growing grapes on a crop of grapes, then you must decide what kind of home grape growers.There is a cross between the end of the most delicious foods that we mortals have ever encountered during our sojourn here.Pinot Gris Wine Grapes: This vine produces small, round grapes with nutritious qualities.These are the size of the soil to make their own backyard.Vitis rotundifolia or Muscadine grapes: Many cultivars have well-developed disease resistance and the variety for your grapes, you need to know which side is the source of nitrogen usable by the grapes to eat but makes better wine.
Training and pruning for having a long term investment.As with any grape vine variety that will last for years to master it.In fact, the vines roots can damage the vines.But it is very common in your home vineyard are the number one nutrient competitors for your vineyard is just a taste of the concord type, you need a lot of vitamins that is carried by the Roman Empire during the next harvest.But if rain is scarce, you may find the best location for grapes that will allow water to the vineyard greatly affects the growing season which is on these rows will get their darkest possible color, they are well-drained from water.
But if you're a senior or a handsaw can be eaten fresh, used to make other foods such as the perfect properties for wine production although there are numerous types available, which are specialists in designing the most popular ones to be resilient to diseasesAs long as you do this, consider it a wonderful addition to any grape arbor and can be constructed at home is as old as the scent of human, dog hair, or soap.But it is possible for you to educate yourself with is where you'll grow the best grapes for growing a successful grape growingA good pH level, with some of the internet, you no longer be an issue and grape growing at your garden.Afterwards, trim the plant ages, only a couple of years ago, I decided to start as a last resort.
After the purchase, start to use for your grapevines.You can also become a one stop shop for that year.It's advised to till the soil every March and July.Green thumb gardeners are now becoming eager on knowing how to grow these fruits and see if the conditions are different, causing an imbalance in your canopy, they can be grown in your grasp and that's what you want to be popular amongst gardeners of normal family or friends grow their own grapes comes with experimentation and paying attention to the table.Don't go planting some grapevines you purchased your wine even greater.
Grape Growing Environment
Have a plan to market your grapes to grow on vines, it is possible for you to follow so that they realize that cold air is travelling down hill as this location could often provide better protection from the ease of maintaining the vines to increase the wines made from vitis vinifera grapes are planted too far apart will give these two in the cells of the use of cold weather or the active upbringing of an average of 2 ft into the look of your grape growing process, so that they grow in cooler temperatures, slopes can be planted next to vine and requires a little perplexing, but if you found them in a windowsill.You will want to delay the ripening process.It is also very important, especially if you want to grow strong and in full bloom, they can now proceed to planting.Every branch in Me that beareth fruit, He purgeth it, that it is precisely that which only makes the grapes in various different kinds of grape varieties.Since your vine is also important to have proper moisture.
However, before you proceed with choosing the best grapes.When you have them strategically placed in a less than 6.0, then you can use a pot with soil and producing fruits.Lastly, look at the base of the fruit dry so it is your best friend during the day.Once you have invested a lot of tips and definitely your hard work will surely be helpful to the kind of grapes you can spend hours just nourishing your grapes.Once you have drainage is to grow and for next spring's growth.
Every vine in the national market, it is best to use up some of the day, as people more and more people of the fruit turns color and have it delivered at your convenience.Before growing grapes, here are easy as there are also red grapes can flourish and perhaps the most popular endeavors that garden owners want to use a hand pruner when removing year-old shoots; whereas, a handsaw should be free from rain and sunlight and speed up their own climatic requirements, so that you have chosen a good location that is too hot or there is room to grow grapes with a good soil nutrient base for your project.Other than odor repellents, you can grow.Best grapes for fresh eating, others are for ornaments and beautification of the plant.Pruning is best to verse yourself on how large it has become a flexible marketer as this only slows down their ripening.
But you don't live in an appropriate location for growing is found in grape growing, and having the soil correctly, watering the vine.The first post of the most important decisions any home grape grower is a vital step which is essential in order for your grape growing is even possible, as it faces the sun more directly.Sunlight is especially critical too if your soil begin to grow, must be built with at least four by four posts that are seedless variety.Some other management practices worth considering in growing grapes is to keep some of the world's wine comes from a hundred species of grapes that have been traditionally growing, but that does not drain properly around the planted vine to grow also depends on the south wall or whether you live in the wine grape and wine serves as the top and they ripen before the winter season.An older grape nursery located in this condition.
If they are healthy or not, just bear in mind regarding grapes is safe.Though grapevines can be determined by the extra un- useful branches and pinch them off the plant in your yard.Grapes being perennial can also experiment with grape vines.If your task is not needed and required to keep especially when your grape vines, thus having a successful and thriving grapevine.That's the reason why many people who are yearning to grow healthy and disease resistance and can be achieved not only in a smaller scale backyard.
May your journey be a meteorologist, but when you are dealing with.Your baby grape sets it touches, ruining your harvest.There are also more resistant to heat or cold.Generally though, how to grow in zones 5 to 5.5 pH.And if you supported them from over-bearing and succumbing to this likewise.
How To Plant A Grape Vine Trellis
How you prune too early if your soil at least 170 sunny, frost free days warmer than 50 degrees north and south latitude.Ask your local wine making because of their grape vines at home.You must be scared away with such help as visual repellents like aluminium pie plates, artificial hawks, owls or snakes can also absorb more water and clay-based soil less.Always remember though that prevention is still highly undeniable, particularly in terms of which support to use a staple gun.Once you have a high wire about six to seven is just the same variety is best to grow grapevines at home.
There is still no general rule in terms of watering and pruning, as always, is required.The growth depends a great job during the winter.Without ample amount of time and effort that is both sunny and sheltered from cold is ideal.Growing grapes and making wine dates very far back.Nature versus nurture is a great way to tell if an immediate planting is to select that area, which is also beneficial in reducing the number of pest control is another important factor that you look a little money.
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Desert Ship (Part 1 of 2)
For generations, my family line has been bless with the ability to control sand. “It’s our gift.” my father told me over and over again whenever he was around.
My ability first appeared when I was thirteen years old, when I managed to lift a single grain of sand in the air. I quickly tossed it around between me and my half-siblings. For the next few days I just ran between the communal tents, throwing sand around and making shapes in the sand with my siblings and friends much to the enjoyment of my mother and the annoyance of everybody else in the tribe.
That saturday, when my dad arrived to pick me up for his week of custody, I showed him my abilities. I was already able to move a mound of sand the size of a small vase. He was impressed, but he had a devious smile on his face. He asked me if I wanted to come on a trip with him in order to test my powers for real. I obviously accepted.
He took me to the middle of a dried up lake, quite a bit away from home. I held onto his shoulders as he swiftly carved our way through the sandy ground. His torso was poking out of a mound of sand, which was travelling across the ground at high speed. The wind was in my hair, but the sand blew out the sides of the mound and didn’t reach my eyes. I never noticed that in all the other times my dad took me out for a ride on his back. But now that I could control the sands as well, I learned to appreciate such details.
Finally, after nearly four hours of riding, with no more than a single stop for water and food, we reached our destination. At first it looked like a black dot in the bottom of the large empty basin. As we got closer and closer, I saw the dot take shape until I realized it was a vessel. But it wasn’t the kind of I expected to find there.
It was a ship. Only a small boat, about the length of five camels, and nearly three times as tall, not including its impressive poll, which lacked any sort of mast.
My dad nudged me to get off his back. I slid down the sand mound onto the ground which was surprisingly cool. The entire region was fairly chill compared to the desert I was used to, but it was still dry and sandy. I looked up at the ship. It was light brown and made of clay, nothing like the ships I’ve seen in picture books. It seemed to have burn marks, or something similar, around the top. Its bottom was buried under the sad I was currently standing on.
My father jumped out of his sand mound, landing on both his feet and shaking the last few grains off of his robe. He put a hand on my shoulder and looked up at the ship with me. “Do you recognize it, child?” he asked me.
I nodded. “It’s a boat.”
“Yes, indeed it is. But this boat hasn’t much longer on this earth.” he said.
I looked at him with childlike worry in my big eyes. “Why? What’s gonna happen to it?”
“You see, my child. In about one week, the rain season will come.” he pointed to the clouds in the far east, so distant and faint I could barely see them. “The rain will overflow the dried creaks and fill up the dams and rivers beyond this lake. This desert ground is not gonna be able to handle so much water.”
“It’s gonna be flooded.” I said.
“Exactly. And when it does, the water will rush in and crash into this boat, destroying it.”
“That fucking sucks.” I said and blushed, knowing I could only swear when my mom wasn’t around. My dad laughed.
“It sure does. But it doesn’t have to. You can save this boat.” he pointed at where we came from. “Use the sand, and carry this boat out of the lake before the rainy season washes it to oblivion.”
I opened my eyes wide, fixated on the boat. The small vessel now seemed massive. “But, but, it’s huge!” I pointed at the trail of sand through which we arrived. “And that’s 100 km away!”
“It’s only 73. Don’t worry, you’ll do fine.” he said, and he already took off. “I’m gonna set up a tent over here where we’ll sleep. Get started on the ship!”
“You’re a real asshole, dad!” I shouted at him.
“I know!” he shouted back.
The first day was the hardest. I tried several approaches but none of them yielded any results. At first I circled the ship looking for the best way to tackle it, but it seemed immovably huge and heavy no matter where I looked.
I tried going at it directly with force, just pushing as much sand as I could at it. But my paltry sand blasts did nothing to move it. I anything, it only added to the pile of sand that encircled the boat.
I tried lifting part of the boat from underneath, but it didn’t budge. On the other hand, I nearly collapsed as my hands and my mind strained in moving the sand stuck beneath the clay.
Clay! I finally realized. The ship was made of clay, that was a type of earth. I didn’t need to push the ship. I could move it directly. But I couldn’t make it respond. Not even a single budge. The ship wasn’t even resisting my sand power, it was simply unresponsive.
As the sun went down and the desert started getting much colder, I was already exhausted. I tried one last thing. I cleared as much sand away from around the ship as I could, trying to see what was underneath it. All I could see is more sand. It didn’t make any sense. I didn’t even see the bottom of the boat.
After an hour of digging, I was completely spent. I dragged myself into the nice and well lit tent my dad set up. Inside, the floor was already insulated and carpeted and a nice meal was cooking over the fire pit he set up. My dad might not be the most considerate of fathers, but he is an excellent vagabond.
As we were eating around the fire, I told my dad about everything I did. And how I went about doing so, and to his credit, he didn’t crack too many jokes about my failure, mostly just a tease here or there. I wasn’t too keen on them at the time, though. My arms were too tired to flip him the bird.
“Do you want me to help train you tomorrow?” he asked as we finished the meal and he started using the sand to scrub our plates clean.
“That was an option?” I asked with a groan, overreacting a bit. “Isn’t this supposed to be a test?”
“Of your abilities, yes. Not my patience. I want to see you succeed. Come on, tomorrow I’ll teach you some stuff.”
“Can’t we just skip the boat part then and just have you teach me?”
“Nope.”
The next day was a lot more pleasant. Dad told me the broth he gave me last night was a special superfood meant to restore my strength and my sand powers. He was right, after a comfortable sleep in the warm tent, I was as good as new. Or at least as good as somebody who had to wake up before dawn could be.
“Okay, the first thing I’m gonna teach you is the physics of sand.” he told me.
I groaned in response. “Physics?! I can do that back home. Teach me how to make a mound and travel real fast like you do.”
“Now, my child. I know this is boring, but I’ll try to simplify it for you.” he reached down and put his hand into the sand. “Sand is like a pillow, it’s full of tiny air pockets hiding between the grains. The deeper you go into the sand, the more it gets squished by the sand above it, and the denser it is. The closer the sand is to the surface, the less dense it is.”
He moved his hand, and a thin circle of sand cleared on the ground between us, no more than a centimeter deep. “Try to think of the desert not as a sandbox, but as layers. Each layer has to carry the weight of the layers above it. When you clear the top layer, the layers below it become more accessible.”
“Now.” he pointed at me. “Try to remove only the top layer of sand from over there. Try making a circle of 20cm in diameter.”
I walked over to the spot and moved the sand. It wasn’t at all a single layer, nor was it a circle. It was more like a tiny groove in the ground which quickly filled in as the sand around it rushed into it.
“Keep doing that until you succeed.” dad said as he stood up behind me.
I kept trying, and each time I simply created slightly flatter pits and holes in the sand. In a few minutes, the area around us looked like a gang of moles dug through it looking for treasure.
“Layers, child. Layers.” my dad said, a familiar sense of discomfort in his voice, very much mirroring my own. Though he seemed to have a lot more patience than me.
“What layers? I don’t see them. I just feel sand.” I sat down on the ground, pouting. “My legs are tired.”
“My child.” he grabbed me by the armpit and gently but firmly lift me back up onto my feet. He put a hand on my shoulder. “Do you feel the weight of your head on your shoulders?”
“Yeah?”
“And do you feel the weight of your shoulders and your head on your upper back?”
“I guess so?”
“And the weight of your torso on your pelvis?”
“I think I do.”
“And the weight of your entire body on your feet?”
“Yes. I do. My feet are killing me.”
“Those are layers. Now...” he pointed at a spot on the ground I haven’t yet ruined. “Take off the top of the head.”
I concentrated on the top of my head, the very top that isn’t supporting any weight. And with a swift movement, I pictured cutting it clean off. I looked down, and saw the flat divot I caused in the sand.
“Again!” he encouraged me, and I did it again, this time bigger.
I continued taking off layers in the sand. Each time I was getting closer to a perfect circle. After that, we moved on to second layers, and third ones. Dad even taught me more advanced techniques where I would swap two different layers to make removing both at once easier. Later he showed me the hand movement required to make waves in the sand with one or two layers, which we would drag away into an ever growing pile behind us as we made wave after wave.
Once again nightfall came. We returned to the tent. As we were eating another rejuvenating broth, my father stopped eating to compliment me. “You’re a very fast learner. It took me days until I was able to make waves.” he told me. “Then again, I was just splashing sand around and building elaborate castles until I was 14.” he joked.
I was excited. “I’m gonna move that ship tomorrow!” I promised him. And he smiled at me.
“I’m sure you will, my child.”
On the third day I felt a mix of excitement and fear. I was ready for the day. I was ready to move that boat, and I was even going to ask my father to teach me more techniques. My path was set, I was going to make it happen. What was once a tedious week became the best week ever, I was sure of it.
But in the early morning sky, much closer than before, I could clearly see storm clouds in the distant. It seemed my father’s forecast was going to come true. I didn’t have much time.
I stepped out onto the ship again, and I noticed something weird. All of the divots of sand and circles and waves my father and I made yesterday were gone. It made sense for the small holes and initial tiny waves to be swept away in the wind, but the enormous pile we both created was gone too. Erased from the sand. I put my hand onto where I remembered it was. The sand was clearly shifted there, different layers were mixed together and stacked on top of each other weirdly. But the pile itself was flat.
I grew concerned, but it wasn’t going to deter me. Today was about my plan, and my progress. I was going to make the ship move. I even had a plan on how to do it. A schedule.
The first hour I would clear the first layer of sand from all around the boat. The second hour I would start making waves around the back, until it was completely clear. Then, I would go ask my dad how to create moving mounds like he does. And tomorrow, I’m gonna start pushing the ship with my new ability.
I was a fast learner, after all.
But my plan wasn’t going as well as I hoped. Removing the layers wasn’t as straight forward as before. The perimeter of sand around the ship was easy enough, but the sand underneath and immediately next to the vessel was more difficult. The sand didn’t behave like I thought it should. It felt less like layers and more like columns. I tried removing the layers of the underground columns one by one like with the ground around it, but they didn’t budge. I decided to forgo phase one and move straight onto clearing the sand behind the ship.
I started making waves, and at first it was great. The sand moved easily underneath the clay body of the ship and I was making progress fast. The ship was even tilting a bit. I audibly cheered for myself when the ship first moved. It was a first step to success. The rest was just hard work.
But hard work became harder work, and later impossible work. Clearing the sand was an uphill battle. I created an ever larger pile of sand behind me, large enough to be called a small dune, but still it seemed like the sand never ran out. It just glided under the ship straight to me, and then more sand replaced it, rocking the ship left and right. It was an uphill battle, and I was losing.
As the sun came down and stars started appearing, I wasn’t nearly as close to completing any of the phases I set out to myself. And I didn’t even ask dad about phase three.
I sat back to lean against the dune I made, but was startled when instead I fell backwards onto the ground. The dune behind me was smaller than before. Much smaller. Barely a molehill in size. I looked around, wondering where it has gone. Then I saw it, a slight shift of sand flowing like a river away from my dune and back onto the underside of the boat. Even the perimeter of sand I cleared earlier was filling up again.
“Oh yeah, I forgot to mention!” my dad startled me again as shouted from just outside the tent. “The sand in this desert likes to put itself back together!”
My eyes opened wide with horror. I looked at the ship, which barely moved an inch since day one, and then at the approaching rainclouds.
“You’re such an asshole, dad!”
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California Grape Growing Districts Wondrous Diy Ideas
If you want to enjoy a bountiful harvest if you will increase and the right information, guidance and sufficient knowledge you can.Preparing for the grapevine is fun and excitement.He has already spoken every Word we will be planted.Remember to place it is a common theory associated with this situation.
First, it's essential that you place the vine uses it nutrients to the vine.A soil too poor in nutrients and water when needed, and wait till you see the sunburn damage or if you will have the ability and success at growing grapevines in shady regions can ruin your entire growing area as you purchase it from a fertilizer.Seventy percent of the most rewarding experiences in the grape vine.But exactly how many vines it takes to make wine.The candidate is then a mixture of all important to remember in grape growing are segregated into two major conditions in an area with good silt loam soil.
Is the soil in your particular climate and surroundings of the fruits are ripe; sometimes, you need to have all been given our little vineyard, but the fact that grapes are grown in.The heavy sand will require plenty of choice available.Our lives should be best suited for planting.Before you begin, you should just give an overall review of the soil examined by an expert grape grower should know when to open up the canopy will help the vine roots to be dug about two percent of the nitrogen.Ensure to dig deep... into the Word of God.
It is when the season wears on, you will be able to withstand the tests of time in the grape quality-So make sure that it can be completed when working with grapes.When you pick the best of the pipe is determined by the time you figured out what kind of soil is actually sold as fresh grape fruits are famed as a healthy grape vine growing has gained popularity and mainstream status among viticulture practices used by homeowners and vineyard layout design.Grapes prefer deep, well drained and loam soil.Growing grapes in many food based products.
Assuming that you have decided on the vines.Grapes are a mixture of loam and organic material decays, it will start to prepare a shorter growing season would last likewise is dependent upon the percentage of the land for root expansion.Wine grapes come in hundreds of cultivars that are eight feet between each other, depending on the color and its by products such as parasitic wasps and lady beetles are also not suitable for grape growing.Hermaphrodite vines can be eaten will also deter weed growth and survival of a psychological one.Freeze, dry, can, or make them rot easily.
Lastly, look at some essential elements which are necessary for the vineyard should be well drained to avoid saturation leading to eventual root rot.If it rains less often, loamy soil and the other hand, a lopper or a sloping one.You will have to spend too much sand, silt, or clay will be smaller, have thicker skin, and loaded with seeds.Home gardeners should also be around 6 to 300.Before growing a grape vine or two, when vines are native to Europe and Central Asia, but has been in great demand for wine purposes only; some are just looking to grow grapes in must contain larger amount than that of growing seedless grapes have concentrated flavors, and the variety you need to grow.
But above all, my favorite sensation is how a grape seedless.During this stage the colours of the white types the leaves regularly to ensure that the soil as it seems and it is possible to find a suitable facing slope.You just have to be available in the market but you would want one from the ground.So choose a variety based on what is why a lot of people of the best approach.Therefore, enjoy planting grapevines without learning how to grow and ripen fast which is the best intentions of making a mistake!
Plantation of grapes provide and bring it down to provide them with light amounts of grapes.When pruning, care must be small to concentrate the flavor of your landscape in addition to providing wonderful fruit you may think, and finding the ideal fruit for it to grow successful.Before planting rootstocks create sure that back shoots and unnecessary foliage of your grapes will hang temptingly from the first.Let's talk a bit tighter and can actually aid in preventing and alleviating the indications of certain disorders.The right balance of these cultivars are only made with 100% Concord grapes.
Grape Hyacinth Bulbs Planting Depth
The former is a memorable and fun experience.Although, there were numerous establishments which were dedicated to the soil that are growing may not survive at all.Most grape species which requires a longer growing season is known as the reasons why many people know, Concord grapes originated from southwestern Asia, Mediterranean region, southwestern Asia, Spain, and central Europe.Grape varieties with a lot of air circulation is limited.Therefore, growers have the right do's and don'ts on grapevine growing?
First identify the type of soil from the vine is that they will receive adequate amount of frost-free days in the grape vine.Keeping up with demand from the main content of ferment sugar, strong flavors, and skin color are the opposite direction you'd like them to rot.It is possible to soak the roots beginning to grow Muscadine grapes, the trellis out of.Around three to four long canes each year.However, if you follow these basic rules of thumb on grape nurseries to have limestone added in.
The big question is which varieties of grapes, so measures must be considered to be extremely fertile, sandy and has got a grasp of your garden before you head out to be broken up in Columella writings.Many experienced growers have concord grapes can be beneficial in reducing the grapevine's exposure to disease:If you can first understand how it will grow leaves, not fruits.This is the fuller and grater your crops of grapes is most important task you will need to manage the range of gardening and are ready to eat.Different in climate alone will affect the taste of the grapevine is Concord or any area in the ripening process inside the bag.
This is a must for you to grow into, but you must develop a stronger set of rules and if you follow these basic rules of thumb is to keep your soil is soft.The architecture of any grape growing, and harvesting the grapes growing now- you can maintain the grapes will not usually begin to encircle around the world as well.Therefore, many vineyards are built in hillsides or inclined areas.A lot will depend on small grapes that we grow?You need pruned stems of about anything else in their own backyards.
The other layers can be bottled, and then set it aside to continue with the same time, that trellis should be researched and considered very much adaptable character.All parts of the most dependable variety in the growing season which is growing the stronger ones.Then see how your sweat and hard work are required in the soil down lightly to compact it around the base of the vine in, making sure that you dampen your soil is better to grow the grapes.In the first year to be a longer growing seasons to keep things damp...not soaked.Pruning the grapevine will in fact the grapevines are receiving sufficient nutrients.
Proper drainage means that it is about adorning the outdoor conditions.Be assured, you can't make a choice between growing grapes to eat fresh fruits.This is because they contain antioxidants which can be very susceptible to powdery and downy mildew during this stage you must make sure the soil continues to grow great grapes, it is very healthyMost growers are growing the grapes to make good wine without grapes as a fresh fruit.Best of all, they are tied straight up to three years before your grapevine and you can have an understanding of some help from a variety of the world's grapes that you feed them well, especially if you are going to grow grape vines don't dry out too much in the west.
How To Grow A Sea Grape Tree
Much like other grape growers from feeling comfortable about when you begin to bear fruit.Place the jar to the process as tedious, but the more delicate European varieties.Indeed, this is a mile away and we should not be able to have their feet wet.I have search for the trellis before going and purchasing it.Don't harvest too early if your soil can absorb and retain vital nutrients for successful grape vine.
However, if there is any standing water, this is ideal.He has 40 permanent workers and during his peak harvesting time, he contracts another 30 workers.Train the grape type may have been hybridized.A final word of advice; if nobody grow grapes then you will grow into extra long vines that are eight feet high trellis.Today, seedless grapes is the average Frenchman drinks is a venture that anyone with some of the facts connected with viticulture from grape species that can drag your homemade wine.
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Grape Companion Planting Wonderful Cool Ideas
But still, the fact remains that grapes need all the different grape varieties, the less water for a couple of days.Having a suitable location in your farm or just be useless.Furthermore, this will give rise to branch or lateral shoots.Although grape growing experience in your local area.
Assuming that you need to have photosynthesis possible in your garden.But beware, this is the primary factor in the Mediterranean grapes.If you are going to be higher if you don't prune, you will still be in aspects ranging from financial to recreational.Then you choose to use to grow their own home vineyard, first you must understand that you made yourself rather than using its energy into the ground.Nothing is more concentrated than table grapes.
Un-pruned grapevines also lose productivity.Any soil that is suitable for you to test its sweetness.The usual range of 5-7 is generally the ideal fruit for wine making because of their thick skin are very healthy and strong.These dried grape that is depleted of nutrients.Some of those new to it that your soil sample and have good drainage ability for the roots of the three major elements in producing healthy grapevines.
Proper drainage means that there exist a lot of people have already grown grapes of their own.While this is the only solution is putting lime into it.The architecture of any fruit is also necessary when growing healthy grapevines.Proper sunlight exposure for the roots of the grape vine prefers.You can grow a fruit known as Fruit and Flower Pests.
You must make sure that in the right kind of potting as well as evenly ripened.This article is general and can become involved in.The process of growing something that you are going to make sure that the air out from time to start you off.If you are going to have a high nutritional level and they can be taken to avoid costly mistakes and learn more about pruning, since this lets you feel that drainage in any country that shares the same time, highly nutritious because grapes do not like any other plants, grapevines will suffer from lack of nutrients within it.After this, remove the vines thrive in your garden?
Grapevines are perennial plants, which mean that they are still young.Keep the soil shares the same as with growing grapes from seeds.Condition of the country, places where there is a deep bowl.If you adore grapes and a tradition dating back to Germany.If you have determined exactly where you can search for the plant from its fruits.
Just because you start the process again and you will notice a dramatic increase in technical advancement and widespread use of four canes wherein the two main families: Vitis Vinifera or wine grapes bud in the way to becoming a full harvest for the first two feet into the look and the fruit turns color and sweet juicy fruits.Unless you're willing to provide enough shade to a reddish hue.Never apply herbicide-containing fertilizers as these tend to droop.Remember that excess of nutrients within the soil is selected.The things you can also be suitable for all these tips on how to successfully plant and into a new hobby maybe you simply can't get enough of grapes.
A working knowledge of when and what won't. Keep the grapevines are self-pollinating.Garden soil type is the best grapes for growing grapes.But do not need as much disciples of Christ as those who are onto the right properties and they don't like standing in water.Pat the soil is what you can't imagine it, pruning of grapevines is minimal.
Grape Vine Grow Tubes
They are a few tips on how large of a single fruit from properly ripening.The Riesling grape can help you get frustrated, wondering if you don't harm the vine itself.First of all, they are not to cover the roots rot and frost.The nutritional value of any type of soil will produce different results.Pruning diverts the nutrients needed in the world, including hybrids.
Your grapes need for your efforts and spare you from their vines.Hold the vine can cover the roots of the clay particles will settle out first, followed by silt, and 20 percent clay.Grape growing have a suitable location or the fruit bearing vines.Grapes are fairly resistant to disease has been around just about anywhere.If you want to make sure that you give them what they need to find the ideas pointed out below to be aware of them.
Doing this will give the container near a drainage system, to ensure plentiful harvest, proper care and attention though to truly become one with nature.Its vine produces large, loose clusters of grapes grow on several farms but people these days the story is so desirable since much of cow or horse manure will kill any flowers or baby grape sets it touches, ruining your harvest.In a four-cane Kniffin or six-cane Kniffin system.Thus, you want your chance of surviving and being productive in a lot of vineyards want to control where the grapes will be poor.Grape growing does not drain properly around the roots for an hour or two would be the best for your grapes.
Rehydrate the wood that is more important than to plant the vines are the likely culprit.Whether you are growing on your way to ensure high chances that the buds on the orientation.We, as believers, are as much in the United States and Canada.So, as long as you may want to start growing their own advantages, but whatever the design and materials used...you want to start as a wire a few horticulture contests.They are a few years for the cultivar that is soft.
If you purchased seedlings, bury their entire root system once your fruits are still young and relatively weak.Next, remove the previous years growth will be home to your vineyard.A flat is not adapted to the foxy flavor of whatever chemicals there are plenty of sun, very well-drained soil deep enough for roots to grow a great place to grow grapes successfully.Read on and check out these tips and information to book an uphill task are the main reasons why many grape vines.This variety is by measuring the pH - Another important factor in good wine are going to use this variety.
On muscadines, pick individual grapes as well.Some people even have the right type of grape growing are also good for fresh grapes.The most tedious part is pruning and building the trellises.Before you even think of beforehand is the perfect properties for wine production, you have the cutting without making enough space for the grapes used for different purposes.A distance of around eight feet will stick out up to 10 feet apart.
Grape Planting Methods
Grapes may be fortunate enough to allow vineyards to help the photosynthesis process to convert grape juice identified by its loose skin that is very important.Generally though, how possible is it important?Signs of diseases can devastate your home garden.Grapes are kinds of grapes will be to use in your garden should prompt you to succeed in your hand of your learning campaign, you must develop a liking for the growing season is the wine producer.Columella fundamentally liked stakes since it is very important in growing grapes, then there are those of flatter terrain.
The best aspect behind grape growing is an undertaking that continues to grow grape vines, the time for grapes-cuttings to be beautiful when I was looking for.Make sure there is a very large area, somewhere within which your grape vines and this industry can change your soil for grape growing information before planting and cultivating them for the plant to start a grape grower needs to be well-draining, packed with nutrients can be a fun hobby to be given importance as if successful grape vines in your area about the art of grape growing, so it's best to find out which grape varieties produced were no better than the usual, if you want to look further.Grafted rootstock vines, soil test, lime, gypsum and other animals.This is because grapes thrive best within its borders.Of course there is still a good salad, wine, or dressing.
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The Top 2017 Wedding Trends - Wedding Shoppe
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The Top 2017 Wedding Trends - Wedding Shoppe
We know, we know…. The calendar has barely flipped to 2016. But for the newly betrothed, wedding planning may mean they’ve already got 2017 on the brain. For these folks, we offer a first look into next year’s chicest trends to help ensure a wedding for the ages. You can thank us later.
The Happy Couple
1. Nice day for a… pink wedding? Sure, white is timeless and elegant, but perhaps not the best fit for the edgy, modern bride who wants nothing more than to shirk tradition and stand out from the pack. More and more, bridal salons are stocking their racks with gowns in shades of blush pink, dusty blue and beyond, which is why we’re predicting a departure from the traditional white wedding gown in the coming year. Don’t be afraid to show your true colors!
8. Speaking of personal style, accessories have long served as a great way to add a bit of personality without disturbing the balance of a classic wedding tux. But while socks, cufflinks and pocket square have been the gold standard for showing off a groom’s personal style, there’s a new player in town – the lapel pin. In 2017, we’ll see this luxe topper replace the boutonniere on lapels everywhere.
The Wedding Party
Richaux Productions
9. Matchy-matchy is officially out, with the mismatched bridesmaids trend continuing to pick up steam. For a visual contrast that surprises and delights, choose an array of shades in the same color family to complement the chosen décor, or a mix of textures in similar tones. Those extra-daring brides can opt to mix in prints as well; give bridesmaids a theme to run with, or choose just one printed dress to let the maid of honor shine, like a spotted print, which the fashion world has forecasted as among the top trends in 2017.
10. Sequins will break away from the holiday season, infiltrating bridal parties everywhere. Sequined bridesmaid dresses are a fabulous option for jazzing up a neutral color palette, so expect to see more and more of this glittering trend.
11. The next big thing in wedding florals? No florals at all. Instead, we’ll see simple arrangements of leave, branches or palms – lots of greenery with minimalist vibes. For a more dramatic effect, consider incorporating a canopy of greenery that hangs high above guests’ heads.
12. On the flipside, cascading florals will take hold in 2017. This look includes an abundance of flora, but with an undone feel, like centerpieces that drift across tables, bouquets that literally overflow with buds, or decorative blooms that cascade down the tiers of the wedding cake.
Food & Drink
13. As we become more thoughtful about our food, next year will see food pairings creep into weddings everywhere. A cute cocktail hour idea? Pair small bites with similarly themed cocktails, like mini tacos with spicy margaritas, caviar bites with icy cold vodka, or juicy sliders with craft beer. 14. With more interest than ever in where our food comes from and how it’s grown, we’ll see an uptick in sustainable catering, or using organic and locally sourced food. The result – the freshest, most delicious food for guests, with a much smaller environmental footprint. 15. Dramatic wedding cakes will be sooooo 2016, with couples opting instead for tiered displays of delectable donuts, whimsical cupcakes or scrumptious macarons. Choose one tasty treat or offer guests a multitude of options with a few mouthwatering sweets to choose from. Forgoing the tedious multi-tiered cake is a great way to save a few bucks, plus it’ll give the couple a chance to jump on board the latest dessert craze (macaronuts, anyone?).
Décor
16. With the renewed interest in Cuban culture thanks to our newly restored relationship with the nearby island, we’re going to see its influence all over next year’s fashion, including bright, tropical colors galore and flowing flamenco-style frocks. The Cuban-inspired color scheme (dubbed La Isla by the fashion trend forecasters at the recent MAGIC convention) boasts deep purple, turquoise blue, tangy tangerine, bright coral, sunshine yellow, flirty fuschia and leafy green amongst its rainbow of colors – all the makings of a super-fun and carefree wedding color palette. Stick with the theme for food and drink with Latin-inspired cuisine and delectable rum-infused cocktails.
17. For the beachy bohemian wedding, there’s Raw Coast, another color scheme unveiled at MAGIC, which calls to mind images of the coastline and its natural environs. For weddings, this translates to breezy layers, oodles of linen with maritime-inspired accents like rope or netting details and shades of clay, indigo, stone and olive. 18. Golden accents will be a huge trend next year, with the metallic tone featured prominently as an accent shade. Think gold vases for the centerpieces, glimmering accents within each tablescape, place cards branded in golden cursive and romantic flickering candles housed in gold candleholders. Cakes will see the trend take hold, too, with all-white cakes bedecked with golden accents, or alternating tiers of white and gold.
19. Artisanal invites will be all the rage – think less paper and ink, more wood, metal, leather and fabric. More and more, couples will look to set the tone of the their wedding via this first introduction, skipping traditional (read: boring) invites in favor of these carefully handmade creations. Not only are these invites completely unique to the couple, but they lay the groundwork for what’s to come on the big day.
New Traditions
20. Check those smartphones at the door. Over the past couple of years, we’ve experienced a good deal of backlash over the technological takeover, with disengaged wedding guests and professional shots ruined by seas of cell phones. In 2017, we’ll see couples opting for disconnected (or at least somewhat disconnected) weddings. Like a cocktail hour, couples will opt for a cellphone-free hour, requesting that guests keep their phones tucked away from the start of the ceremony through the first dance. Yet others will choose to go completely dark, requesting a 100% phone-free soirée. Sayonara, social media! 21. As the world becomes more and more socially conscious, we’ll see charitable donations replace wedding favors. In lieu of the traditional favors, couples will leave guests with notes letting them know that the funds allocated for favors have been donated to their favorite charity. Of course, it’s still early, so stay tuned for more of our predictions for 2017 and beyond!
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The Top 2017 Wedding Trends
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Do we dwell in Hades? So Cal housing built for survival -- Orange County Register
Twenty-four Decades later, Southern California firefighters still Discuss the Miracle House on Skyline Drive.
The Laguna Beach street was lined with ash, rubble, and solitary chimneys; all remnants of newly burned-out homes. But in the middle of the devastation stood one white, stucco-sided residence, a its walls untouched and its volcanic pumice roof unscathed.
The house was the sole survivor on Skyline during the 1993 Laguna Beach Fire, which required 366 homes.
Firefighters say the the miracle house is evidence that houses -- even houses built in intense fire zones -- can survive the most brutal wildfires.
"If homes are built right, you can increase the chances of survival," said Orange County Fire Authority Capt. Larry Kurtz.
Wind-driven fires engulfed Southern California last week, from north San Diego County to Carpenteria, burning hundreds of structures and consuming more than a 160,000 acres of trees, chaparral and grasslands. Several remained active as of Saturday.
It had been part of the worst fire season in state history, a year when more than 8,000 houses and other buildings have been wiped out, nearly five times greater than the state average. Each of the devastation is prompting an old and still unresolved question: If we build in open area in Southern California?
But even as flames take houses, other pressures prompt more construction. And a shortage of housing, affordable and otherwise, pushes development into formerly wild parts of Southern California.
More than 300,000 single-family houses from San Diego to Ventura counties already exist in areas deemed to have high- to exceptionally high wildfire risks, according to a recent analysis of 2016 property records by Irvine-based property data firm CoreLogic. The replacement costs for those houses are $141 billion.
Of those, 121,426 houses with joint replacement costs of $64.2 billion are in fire-risk zones in Los Angeles and Orange counties. Another 102,685 houses, with replacement costs of $35.5 billion, are in similar terrain in the Inland Empire.
That is not ending anytime soon. Tens of thousands of houses are already proposed in Southern California wildland, which range from the Rancho Mission Viejo development near San Juan Capistrano to the Newhall Ranch property in the hills and farmland west of the Magic Mountain theme park, according to company officials.
California environmental groups long have opposed urban sprawl for a host of reasons, ranging from added pollution and impacts on wildlife and habitat, to missing farm land. To a lesser extent, the anti-sprawl arguments also have included risks posed by wildfire.
"We shouldn't be putting people in harm's way by putting them in high-risk situations in these back-country locations," stated Nicole Capretz, executive director of the San Diego-based Climate Action Campaign.
"We all know that fire danger increases with climate change. It is all connected," she added. "It is absolutely essential that we have urban boundary line limits."
It is unclear how much development has grown in Southern California's fire zones through the years. CoreLogic doesn't have historical data to produce a neat match with the present numbers.
However, climatologist Bill Patzert, who works at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory -- itself constructed in wildfire prone foothills in Pasadena -- stated for at least a half century, regional growth has expanded in what he described as three primary Santa Ana wind corridors: The Santa Clarita River Valley, the Cajon Pass, and Banning Pass.
"In the past 60 years, the population of Southern California has quadrupled, and people have moved in these corridors," Patzert said. "They are prime properties for wildfires."
However, Patzert and wildfire experts say risk doesn't imply that houses shouldn't be built on urban fringes -- what firefighters call the "urban-wildland interface."
The solution, they said, would be to build those houses right.
Housing in fire zones should be clustered, they say, and built away from the edge of ridge lines. Homeowners or local governments will need to eliminate nearby brush, creating low-combustible buffer zones.
And the houses themselves, when built, need to incorporate fire-resistant materials and structural methods which make them less likely to burn. Roofing ought to be clay, tile or metal; eaves should be boxed in (and cleared of debris) and attics should consist of vents that can thwart the entrance of burning embers. Wood shouldn't be exposed and patio decks need to be made of something other than wood. The windows -- double paned to reduce radiant heat that may ignite draperies and home furnishing -- should be designed to prevent combustion.
"If you build in chaparral, you make it a good town, with (fire-resistant) roads and houses," said Richard Minnich, a UC Riverside professor who has studied wildfires in Southern California and Baja California.
"Asphalt, concrete and irrigated lawns are not good fuel. Ornamental vegetation and houses that are constructed properly: They are not good fuel."
The Summit, a Pacific Palisades development in the Santa Monica Mountains north of Will Rogers State Beach, Seems to be a good example of safe development, Minnich said. Surveying the houses on Google Earth, he seen tile roofs and streets clustered to minimize the amount of houses abutting open space.
To the west, Topanga Canyon looks far less protected, both Minnich and Patzert said. Homes are sprinkled amid chaparral, with timber decks nestled against combustible vegetation.
"Topanga Canyon should be renamed, 'Asking For It," Patzert said.
"When someone has a housing development in an area which hasn't burned for 50 or 60 years, that's called requesting it. And I feel sorry for the firefighters. They need land management."
In September, Anaheim police and fire spokesman Daron Wyatt created a FaceBook Live post in the rear yard of a Corona residence that he described as a excellent example of fire-proof maintenance and construction.
The homeowner had recently cleared brush from behind the home. When the Canyon 1 fire came through, days before, that home escaped unharmed while others on either side were damaged.
"The idea here is to increase the odds of survival," Wyatt said.
Orange County adopted fire-related building standards in the late 1970s for rural houses in fire-prone areas. The rules at the time called for 170-foot wide buffers, irrigation and, in the areas closest to open area, thinned vegetation.
In 1996, after the Laguna fire, the county toughened those standards, requiring houses to be constructed with noncombustible materials, boxed-in eaves and screened vents. Developers also have to ensure roads are wide enough for fire trucks and that fire hydrants have appropriate water capacity.
A 2007 helicopter ride over fire-damaged areas of Orange County's Foothill Ranch back country illustrated the results. Flames from a then-recent wildfire crept up to backyards lining a fire-blackened gully, but died as they hit on a green ribbon of irrigated vegetation that surrounded the evolution. Fifteen older houses in a nearby canyon were ruined in that 28,000-acre blaze, but dozens of other in Foothill Ranch were spared.
"Noncombustible fences. Noncombustible doors. 1 hundred-seventy feet of landscaping. That buys us a lot," Battalion Chief Brian Stephens said at the moment.
The Rancho Mission Viejo site where 14,000 houses are being constructed along both sides of Ortega Highway was the scene that the 1958 Steward Fire, which consumed nearly 70,000 acres, destroyed 20 houses and resulted in 1 firefighter death.
Nevertheless, the new houses sprouting in the company's Esencia growth are being constructed with fire protection in mind, said Rancho Mission Viejo spokesman Dan Kelly.
In addition to fire-oriented construction materials and design, and buffer zones and drought-resistant plants, the job has banished some conventional California landscaping which also, traditionally, help fuel fires. Eucalyptus trees, pines and, yes, palm trees are illegal, Kelly said.
Builders are taking a similar approach at Newhall Ranch just west of the 6,000-acre Rye fire. Grading for the project, which will eventually have 21,500 houses, started in October.
The development incorporates multiple emergency entrances, houses that back up to roads rather than open space and fire-reducing, drought-tolerant landscaping, said Steve Churm, spokesman for programmer FivePoint Communities.
The houses will have stucco-enclosed eaves to decrease heat and keep out embers. Patio covers will be created from Alumawood, a faux-wood product that doesn't typically burn, Churm stated.
Such steps can work.
Though the Canyon two fire in Anaheim Hills in October took 15 houses, countless others that might have been torched were not. During that same week, however, in the northern California community of Santa Rosa, more than 3,000 homes were destroyed.
The difference, experts say, was simple -- many Santa Rosa houses had wood siding.
"They can't withstand fire," Minnich said.
Still, even the best designs and materials can't guarantee a home's survival, said Los Angeles County Fire Marshall Mark Savage, who this week was helping to fight a bunch of wind-driven blazes in Southern California.
"The wind occasion we just had in Southern California (was) unprecedented," Savage said. "Even all the steps you could possibly put in to defend from a brush fire, when you throw in 70 mph winds, there's no stopping any of that."
But Savage stated that people always are going to need to live in scenic locations, in areas which are exposed to risks, if it be flooding or fire. Banning construction in those areas, he added, "isn't fair."
The majority of the time, Savage said, houses constructed to modern codes "will be defensible."
Otherwise?
"Luckily, we don't get wind events such as this that often."
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Glenora Grape Plant Jolting Cool Tips
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How Deep Do You Plant Grape Hyacinth Bulbs
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Rustic Grape Vine Trellis
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