#Indian Foundation of Transport Research and Training
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Kursk State Medical University
Kursk State Medical University (KSMU), located in Kursk, Russia, is one of the leading institutions for medical education in Russia. Known for its high academic standards, modern facilities, and diverse student body, KSMU attracts international students, especially from India, who aspire to pursue an MBBS degree. This guide provides a detailed look at Kursk State Medical University, covering its curriculum, admission process, fees, and the benefits of studying there.
Introduction
Established in 1935, Kursk State Medical University is one of the oldest and most prestigious medical universities in Russia. The university is recognized by major international medical bodies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Medical Council of India (MCI), now the National Medical Commission (NMC). KSMU offers a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate medical programs, emphasizing a strong foundation in medical sciences and practical training.
Curriculum and Academic Excellence
The MBBS program at Kursk State Medical University spans six years and is designed to provide a comprehensive medical education that combines theoretical knowledge with practical skills.
Key Features of the Curriculum:
Integrated Learning: The curriculum integrates basic medical sciences with clinical training, ensuring a holistic understanding of medical principles.
Clinical Rotations: Extensive clinical rotations in affiliated hospitals provide hands-on experience in various medical specialties.
Research Opportunities: KSMU encourages participation in research, fostering a culture of scientific inquiry and innovation.
Modern Facilities: The university is equipped with state-of-the-art laboratories, simulation centers, and medical libraries to support advanced learning and research.
Admission Requirements
Eligibility Criteria:
Educational Qualifications: Applicants must have completed high school (10+2) with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as major subjects, achieving a minimum of 50% marks in these subjects.
NEET Qualification: Indian students must qualify for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) to be eligible to study MBBS abroad.
Application Process:
Choose a Program: Select the MBBS program and ensure that you meet the eligibility criteria.
Submit Application: Complete the online application form available on the KSMU website, providing necessary documents such as academic transcripts, NEET scorecard, passport copy, and a personal statement.
Receive Offer Letter: Upon acceptance, the university will issue an offer letter.
Visa Application: Apply for a student visa at the Russian embassy or consulate in your home country, submitting the offer letter, financial statements, and medical certificates.
Travel and Accommodation: Arrange travel to Russia and secure accommodation in university dormitories or private housing.
Fees and Expenses
Tuition Fees:
The tuition fee for the MBBS program at Kursk State Medical University is approximately $5,000 to $6,000 per year. The total cost for the entire program ranges from $30,000 to $36,000.
Living Expenses:
Accommodation: On-campus housing costs between $500 to $1,000 per year, while off-campus housing can range from $1,000 to $2,000 per year.
Other Expenses: Additional costs for food, transportation, books, and personal expenses typically range from $1,000 to $2,000 per year.
Benefits of Studying at Kursk State Medical University
High-Quality Education: KSMU offers a rigorous medical curriculum that meets international standards, ensuring graduates are well-prepared for global medical practice.
Affordable Education: The cost of studying at KSMU is significantly lower compared to many Western countries, making it an attractive option for international students.
Comprehensive Clinical Training: Students gain practical experience through extensive clinical rotations in various medical specialties.
Diverse Student Community: KSMU hosts a multicultural student body, fostering an inclusive environment that promotes cultural exchange and collaboration.
Pathway to Practice in India: Graduates from KSMU can return to India and practice medicine after passing the Foreign Medical Graduates Examination (FMGE).
Challenges and Considerations
Language Barrier: While many courses are taught in English, learning basic Russian can be beneficial for interacting with patients during clinical rotations.
Climate: Adapting to the cold climate in Kursk can be challenging for students from warmer regions.
FMGE Exam: Indian graduates must pass the FMGE to practice in India, necessitating thorough preparation and understanding of Indian medical regulations.
Conclusion
Kursk State Medical University is a prestigious institution offering high-quality medical education at an affordable cost. Its comprehensive curriculum, extensive clinical training, and supportive learning environment make it an excellent choice for international students, including those from India. By understanding the eligibility criteria, admission process, and associated costs, aspiring medical students can make an informed decision to pursue their medical education at Kursk State Medical University.
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Indian Railway Lines - Best for the Transport Goods
Indian Railway lines are the foundation of the Indian vehicle framework. It is giving minimal expense across the country. It is appropriated all over India. Everybody can traverse the nation by paying a minimal expenditure. Individuals can head out from North to South, East to West and anyplace in India by rail, so we as a whole say it is the travel arrangement of individuals. It conveys individuals as well as a lot of products. Its income is higher from cargo administrations than from traveler trains. It runs a huge number of cargo trains that convey items going from organic products to vegetables, coal to drain and some more. Indian Railway lines has more than 20% piece of the pie in the freight portions and procures a ton from freight administrations. Indian Rail routes is further developing its administrations step by step and modernizing the whole foundation by building new lines, further developing effectiveness and making critical interests in representatives.
As we as a whole realize that the railway recruitment board (RRB) in India is the second biggest government work supplier organization in India. New employees are also needed to work 24 hours for working in Indian railways. There are many vacancies offered by the railway recruitment board in 2024 like RRB technician 2024, ALP vacancies. It gives many sorts of positions, and that implies each kind of qualified up-and-comers can go after Indian Government Positions Notice 2015. Individuals who have Confirmation, Designing, Graduation in any discipline, ITI or degree in some other should go after any Rail route position opening. It has partitioned its positions into Gathering D, Gathering C, Gathering B and Gathering A. It has likewise given stipends, pay scale and different offices as indicated by the class of occupations. Indian Rail routes is additionally working a wide range of creation, get together units and examination units and that large number of units require great labor force, so competitors who are searching for research and imaginative positions in Indian Rail routes can apply for this. Can apply in sort of positions or associations. Rail route Occupations is the best spot for contenders to function as an administration representative.
Indian Railway routes are growing its presence to the remotest spots in India. Presently it is growing its lines in the North East state where currently individuals don't know about rail routes. Since North East is a significant piece of India decisively and financially. Our current government is zeroing in on greater advancement work in that piece of India and assuming a significant part for it. It is likewise fabricating numerous different lines, motor plants and different industrial facilities the nation over and every one of these improvement works make great many positions across India. Accordingly, up-and-comers who are searching for government occupations in Railroads will get numerous open doors before very long. As you probably are aware you have numerous mediums where you can look through most recent positions in Rail routes like work sites, papers, business news and so forth.
Competitors who maintain that should take care of business in the rail line must be patient and apply according to the capability in all the impending rail route occupations. You ought to likewise strive to break the Rail line test since lakhs of candidates are partaking in this test. Competitors who are planning for railway line occupations ought to zero in on the rail route test schedule and begin getting ready in like manner. The competitor ought to likewise zero in on the earlier year question paper for reference reason and subsequently increment the odds of coming out on top in Railway line occupations.The railway recruitment board also offers the various posts of level A, B, C and Group D.
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Mbbs In Russia For India Student
Are you an Indian student aspiring to study MBBS in Russia? If so, this article is a must-read for you. In this comprehensive guide, we will discuss MBBS fees in Russia for Indian students and provide all the information you need to make an informed decision.
Advantages Of Studying Mbbs In Russia For Indian Students
Russia is known for its world-class medical education system and affordable tuition fees. Studying MBBS in Russia can present a great opportunity for Indian students to pursue their dream of becoming doctors. Russian medical universities are recognized globally for their high academic standards and state-of-the-art infrastructure. Moreover, the cost of living in Russia is relatively lower compared to many other European countries, making it an attractive option for Indian students.
One of the biggest advantages of studying MBBS in Russia is the availability of English-medium programs. Many universities in Russia offer medical courses taught in English, eliminating the language barrier for international students. This allows Indian students to focus on their studies without the added pressure of learning a new language.
Additionally, studying MBBS in Russia provides exposure to a diverse patient population. Russian medical universities attract students from various countries, creating a multicultural learning environment. This exposure to different cultures and medical practices can broaden the horizons of Indian students, preparing them to become competent and globally aware healthcare professionals.
In conclusion, Mbbs In Russia For India Student offers several advantages for Indian students. World-class education, affordable tuition fees, English-medium programs, and exposure to diverse patient populations are some of the key benefits that make Russia an ideal destination for pursuing a medical degree.
Overview of medical education in Russia
Russian medical education has a long-standing reputation for excellence. The country is home to some of the oldest and most prestigious medical universities in the world. The curriculum is designed to provide students with a strong foundation in medical sciences and clinical skills.
The duration of the MBBS program in Russia is typically six years, which includes both theoretical and practical training. The first few years focus on building a solid understanding of basic medical sciences such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology. In the later years, students gain hands-on experience through clinical rotations in hospitals and healthcare facilities.
Russian medical universities follow a rigorous curriculum that adheres to international standards. The faculty comprises highly qualified professors who are experts in their respective fields. The emphasis is on practical learning, with ample opportunities for students to engage in research and scientific activities.
Obtaining an MBBS degree from a recognized Russian university opens up a world of opportunities for Indian students. The degree is globally recognized and provides a strong foundation for pursuing further specialization or practicing medicine in any part of the world.
MBBS fees in Russian universities for Indian students
One of the key factors considered by Indian students when choosing to study MBBS abroad is the cost involved. Russian medical universities offer affordable tuition fees, making it an attractive option for Indian students.
The tuition fees for MBBS programs in Russia vary depending on the university and the specific program. On average, the annual tuition fees for Indian students range from $3,000 to $8,000. It's important to note that these fees are subject to change and may vary slightly from one university to another.
In addition to tuition fees, Indian students need to consider other expenses such as accommodation, food, transportation, and healthcare. The cost of living in Russia is relatively lower compared to many other European countries. On average, Indian students can expect to spend around $300 to $500 per month on living expenses.
It's worth mentioning that some Russian medical universities offer scholarships and financial aid options for international students, including Indian students. These scholarships can help offset the cost of tuition fees and living expenses, making it more affordable for Indian students to pursue their MBBS degree in Russia.
Scholarships and financial aid options for Indian students
Scholarships and financial aid can play a crucial role in making the dream of studying MBBS in Russia a reality for Indian students. Many Russian medical universities offer scholarships specifically for international students, including Indian students.
These scholarships are awarded based on various criteria such as academic excellence, extracurricular achievements, and financial need. Some scholarships cover a percentage of the tuition fees, while others may cover the entire cost of the program.
Apart from scholarships offered by universities, there are also government scholarships and private organizations that provide financial assistance to Indian students studying abroad. It's advisable for Indian students to research and explore all available scholarship options to maximize their chances of securing financial aid.
In addition to scholarships, some universities also offer part-time job opportunities for international students. These jobs can provide a source of income to cover living expenses while studying in Russia. However, it's important to note that the availability of part-time jobs may vary, and students should check the specific regulations and restrictions imposed by the university and the government.
Admission process and requirements for studying MBBS in Russia
The admission process for studying MBBS in Russia may vary slightly depending on the university and the specific program. However, there are some general requirements that Indian students need to fulfill.
To be eligible for admission, Indian students must have completed their higher secondary education with a minimum aggregate score in subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. They are also required to clear the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) conducted by the Medical Council of India (MCI).
The application process typically involves submitting an online application form along with the required documents, including academic transcripts, passport copy, and medical fitness certificate. Some universities may require students to appear for an entrance exam or an interview as part of the selection process.
Indian students are advised to start the application process well in advance to ensure timely submission of documents and completion of other formalities. It's important to carefully review the admission requirements of each university and follow the instructions provided by the university's admission department.
Top medical universities in Russia for Indian students
Russia is home to several top-ranking medical universities that offer MBBS programs for Indian students. These universities are renowned for their academic excellence, world-class faculty, and state-of-the-art infrastructure. Here are some of the top medical universities in Russia for Indian students:
petrozavodsk state medical university
immanuel kant baltic federal university
bashkir state medical university
kazan federal university
These universities have a long-standing reputation for providing quality medical education and have been preferred choices for Indian students aspiring to study MBBS in Russia.
Living and accommodation options for Indian students in Russia
Living in a foreign country can be an exciting and enriching experience for Indian students. Russia offers a variety of accommodation options to suit different preferences and budgets.
Many Russian medical universities provide on-campus accommodation for international students. These hostels are equipped with all the necessary amenities and offer a convenient living environment. Living on campus allows students to immerse themselves in the university community and make new friends from different countries.
Off-campus accommodation is also available in the form of rented apartments or shared flats. This option provides more independence and flexibility for students who prefer to live off-campus. Renting an apartment in Russia is relatively affordable, especially when shared among a group of students.
When it comes to daily expenses, Indian students can find affordable options for food, transportation, and leisure activities in Russia. Grocery shopping and cooking at home can help save money on food expenses. Public transportation, such as buses and metros, is widely available and reasonably priced. Exploring local markets, parks, and cultural attractions can be a cost-effective way to enjoy leisure time.
Cultural aspects and student life in Russia
Studying MBBS in Russia not only offers academic opportunities but also exposes Indian students to a rich cultural experience. Russian culture is diverse and influenced by a long history of art, literature, music, and dance.
Indian students can immerse themselves in the local culture by participating in various cultural events and festivals. Russia also offers a vibrant nightlife with numerous cafes, restaurants, and entertainment venues. Exploring the local cuisine, visiting museums, and attending theater performances are just some of the activities that Indian students can indulge in during their free time.
Moreover, Russian universities often organize extracurricular activities and student clubs, providing opportunities for socializing and making friends. These activities can enhance the overall student experience and help create a sense of community among international students.
Conclusion and key takeaways
Studying MBBS in Russia is an excellent choice for Indian students aspiring to become doctors. The country offers world-class medical education, affordable tuition fees, and diverse cultural experiences. Indian students can benefit from English-medium programs, scholarships, and an internationally recognized degree.
It's important for Indian students to thoroughly research the MBBS fees, admission requirements, and accommodation options in Russian universities. Starting the application process early and exploring scholarship opportunities can help make studying MBBS in Russia more affordable.
By choosing to study MBBS in Russia, Indian students can gain a competitive edge in the medical field and embark on a rewarding career as healthcare professionals. So, if you have always dreamt of studying medicine in Russia, seize this opportunity to turn your dreams into reality and make a positive impact on the world of healthcare.
#petrozavodsk state medical university#immanuel kant baltic federal university#kemerovo state university#Mbbs In Russia For India Student
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Which university is good in Russia for an MBBS for Indian students in an affordable amount?
Benefits of studying MBBS in Russia
Studying MBBS in Russia offers several advantages for Indian students. Firstly, the cost of education in Russia is comparatively lower than in other countries such as the United States or the United Kingdom. This makes it an attractive option for students who are looking for affordable yet quality education.
Secondly, Russian universities are well-known for their high standards of education. They have a long-standing tradition of excellence in medical education, and their MBBS programs are recognized globally. The curriculum is designed to provide students with a solid foundation in medical sciences, preparing them for a successful career in the field.
Moreover, studying MBBS in Russia gives Indian students the opportunity to experience a new culture and broaden their horizons. They get to interact with students from different countries, creating a diverse and enriching learning environment. This exposure not only enhances their personal growth but also prepares them to work in a multicultural and globalized healthcare industry.
In addition, Russian universities have state-of-the-art infrastructure and modern facilities, ensuring that students receive a comprehensive and practical education. They have well-equipped laboratories, research centers, and hospitals where students can gain hands-on experience and develop their clinical skills.
Overall, studying MBBS in Russia provides Indian students with a cost-effective, high-quality education, exposure to a diverse culture, and access to advanced facilities, making it an excellent choice for aspiring medical professionals.
Cost of studying MBBS in Russia compared to other countries
One of the major advantages of pursuing an MBBS degree in Russia is the affordability of education. Compared to countries like the United States or the United Kingdom, the cost of studying MBBS in Russia is significantly lower. This makes it an attractive option for Indian students who may have budget constraints but still want to pursue their dream of becoming a doctor.
The tuition fees in Russian universities vary depending on the institution and the program. On average, the cost of studying MBBS in Russia ranges from $2,500 to $8,000 per year. This is considerably lower than the tuition fees charged by medical schools in countries like the United States, where the annual fees can go up to $50,000 or more.
Furthermore, the cost of living in Russia is also relatively affordable for Indian students. Accommodation, food, and transportation expenses are reasonably priced, allowing students to manage their expenses within a limited budget. Many universities in Russia also offer hostel facilities for international students, which are cost-effective and provide a convenient living arrangement.
It is important to note that while the cost of studying MBBS in Russia is lower compared to other countries, the quality of education is not compromised. Russian universities are renowned for their excellent medical education and provide students with a comprehensive curriculum and practical training. Therefore, Indian students can receive a high-quality education at an affordable cost, making studying MBBS in Russia a wise choice.
Top universities in Russia for MBBS programs
Russia is home to several prestigious universities that offer MBBS programs for international students. These universities are known for their high academic standards, experienced faculty, and comprehensive curriculum. Here are some of the top universities in Russia for Indian students seeking an MBBS degree:
Moscow State Medical University (MSMU): Located in the capital city of Moscow, MSMU is one of the oldest and most prestigious medical universities in Russia. It offers a six-year MBBS program that is recognized globally. The university has state-of-the-art facilities, experienced faculty, and a strong emphasis on research and practical training.
Kazan Federal University (KFU): Located in the city of Kazan, KFU is another top choice for Indian students. It is one of the oldest universities in Russia and has a rich history of medical education. KFU offers a six-year MBBS program that is taught in English and is recognized by major medical councils and organizations worldwide.
Saint Petersburg State Medical University (SPSMU): Situated in the cultural capital of Russia, SPSMU is a leading medical university that offers high-quality education in the field of medicine. It has a diverse student body, experienced faculty, and excellent infrastructure. SPSMU offers a six-year MBBS program that prepares students for a successful medical career.
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR): PFUR, also known as RUDN University, is a renowned institution that focuses on international cooperation and cultural exchange. It offers a six-year MBBS program in English, specifically designed for international students. PFUR has a multicultural environment and provides students with a global perspective on medical education.
These universities, along with many others in Russia, provide Indian students with excellent opportunities to pursue their MBBS studies. They offer high-quality education, modern facilities, and a multicultural learning environment, making them top choices for Indian students seeking an MBBS degree in Russia.
Admission process and requirements for Indian students
The admission process for Indian students seeking to study MBBS in Russia is relatively straightforward. Most universities have a dedicated international admissions office that assists students throughout the application process. Here are the general requirements and steps involved in the admission process:
Eligibility criteria: Indian students must have completed their higher secondary education with a minimum aggregate score in the science stream (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology). Some universities may also require students to have a minimum score in English proficiency tests such as IELTS or TOEFL.
Application submission: Students need to complete the online application form provided by the university. They must provide accurate and up-to-date information, including personal details, educational qualifications, and any relevant documents.
Document verification: Once the application is submitted, the university's admissions office verifies the documents provided by the student. This may include educational certificates, transcripts, proof of identity, and proof of English proficiency.
Entrance exam or interview: Some universities may require students to appear for an entrance exam or an interview as part of the admission process. This is to assess the student's aptitude and suitability for the MBBS program.
Admission offer and acceptance: If the student meets the eligibility criteria and successfully completes the admission process, they will receive an offer letter from the university. The student must then accept the offer and proceed with the visa application process.
It is important for Indian students to start the admission process well in advance to ensure timely completion. They should research the admission requirements of their preferred universities, gather all the necessary documents, and submit the application within the specified deadlines.
#neweraeducation#mbbsinrussia#mbbs#mbbsabroad#mbbsstudent#neet#mbbslife#doctors#mbbsadmission#studyabroad
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Exporters in India face imposing difficulties in getting to global business sectors and overseeing related liabilities. These obstacles envelop exchange and non-tax boundaries, data holes, insufficient foundation, and complex guidelines. Exporters additionally grapple with lawful consistence, quality control, cash variances, and installment gambles, all of which can affect their worldwide exchange attempts. By really resolving these issues, Indian exporters can open new open doors, extend market reach, and make practical progress in the serious universe of worldwide exchange. Indian exporters often grapple with market access barriers and liabilities that hinder their efforts to expand internationally. However, the way to successful exporting is frequently loaded down with different difficulties and liabilities, especially with regards to market access. India, with its different monetary scene and administrative climate, wrestles with a few obstacles that exporters should explore to successfully get to worldwide business sectors.
Market Access Challenges:
1) Exchange Barriers and Taxes: Exporters in India habitually experience exchange boundaries and levies while endeavouring to get to foreign business sectors. These obstacles prevent the upper hand of Indian items, making them less engaging in worldwide business sectors.
2) Inadequate Infrastructure: Inadequate and obsolete foundation, for example, transportation organizations, ports, and energy supply, can block the proficient development of merchandise. Delays brought about by framework bottlenecks inflate expenses and lead to missed business potential opportunities.
3) Bureaucratic Red Tape: Inconvenient bureaucratic methods, extended clearance processes, and inordinate desk work can hamper exporters’ capacity to transport their items quickly.
4) Absence of Export Centred Education: Numerous Indian exporters need appropriate training and preparing in worldwide strategic approaches. This information hole can prevent their capacity to figure out foreign market necessities, prompting slips up and possible losses.
Liabilities of Exporters:
1) Quality Control and Guidelines: Exporters face the obligation of complying with severe quality control and international norms, as neglecting to meet these necessities can bring about dismissed shipments or even lawful results in foreign business sectors.
2) Product Adaptation: Social, lawful, and consumer inclinations fluctuate across business sectors. Exporters ought to change their things to suit these assortments, which requires additional interest in investigation, progression, research and advancing.
3) Currency Fluctuations: Exporters are presented to gambles related with money variances, which can affect the expense seriousness of their items and dissolve net revenues.
4) Intellectual Property Concerns: Safeguarding licensed innovation freedoms in jurisdictions can be testing and expensive. Exporters risk counterfeit and theft issues, which can sabotage their image notoriety and income.
Strategies to Overcome Difficulties and Liabilities:
1) Broadening of Business sectors: Exporters ought to investigate an enhanced market procedure to diminish dependence on a solitary market and moderate the effect of market-explicit difficulties. Government Support and Promotion: Indian exporters can profit from government drives that give monetary assistance, export incentives, and strategy support. Export promotion councils chambers and exchange affiliations assume a pivotal part in offering help and addressing exporters’ inclinations.
2) Interest in Foundation: Tending to framework holes through interests in transportation, strategies, and energy areas can improve the effectiveness of product tasks and decrease costs.
3) Capacity Building and Preparing: Exporters should place assets into limit fabricating and getting ready ventures to furnish themselves with the significant data and capacities for overall business, including understanding overall market examples, rules, and quality standards.
4) Technology Adoption: Embracing advanced advances can smooth out trade processes, lessen paperwork, and upgrade straightforwardness and transparency. E-commerce platforms and digital marketing can likewise work with market access by interfacing exporters directly with purchasers.
5) Focus on Branding and Innovation: Building areas of strength for a standing and putting resources into imaginative items can assist exporters with separating themselves in serious worldwide business sectors. Quality items and extraordinary offers attract foreign purchasers and fabricate trust.
6) Supporting and Risk Management: To relieve money changes, exporters can carry out supporting methodologies or investigate monetary instruments that give insurance against unstable exchange rates.
To conclude, earlier there were a lot many challenges faced by the Exporters, however, with the new regime after the year 2014 a respite is seen and the Government has left no stone unturned to ensure an exponential increase in exports from India. Although there always exists a scope for more changes and development.
Authored By; Adv. Anant Sharma & Anushi Choudhary
#BEST LEGAL ADVICE FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN DELHI#BEST LEGAL ADVICE FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN DELHI NCR#BEST LEGAL ADVICE FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN GURUGRAM#BEST LEGAL ADVICE FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN INDIA#BEST LEGAL ADVICE FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN NOIDA#TOP LEGAL SERVICES FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN DELHI NCR#TOP LEGAL SERVICES FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN GURUGRAM#TOP LEGAL SERVICES FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN INDIA#TOP LEGAL SERVICES FOR LOGISTICS COMPANIES IN NOIDA
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Empowering Industries: Power Resistor Manufacturers in India
Introduction
In the intricate web of industries that power our modern world, the unsung heroes known as power resistor manufacturers play a vital role. These companies are the backbone of sectors ranging from electronics and manufacturing to energy and transportation. In India, a burgeoning hub for industrial development, power resistor manufacturers are making waves by supplying top-notch components like Resistance Boxes, Load Banks, Dynamic Braking Resistors, Wire Wound Resistors, and more. In this article, we explore the significance of these manufacturers and their contributions to diverse industries.
Resistance Box Manufacturer in India: Precision in Every Ohm
Resistance boxes are precision instruments that find applications in various fields, such as calibration, testing, and scientific research. Indian manufacturers have earned a reputation for producing high-quality resistance boxes that meet international standards. These components ensure accuracy in measurements and provide a stable reference for industries requiring precise resistance values.
Load Bank Supplier from India: Testing the Power
Load bank supplier from India are indispensable tools for testing and maintaining power systems, generators, and batteries. Indian load bank suppliers offer a wide range of solutions, from portable units for field testing to large, custom-built installations for industrial applications. Load banks ensure the reliability and efficiency of power sources, making them essential for industries where power quality is non-negotiable.
Dynamic Braking Resistor Manufacturer: Control and Safety
Dynamic braking resistors are crucial for applications where energy needs to be dissipated or controlled, such as in elevators, cranes, and electric trains. Indian manufacturers produce dynamic braking resistors that are not only robust and efficient but also designed to withstand the harshest environmental conditions. These components ensure safety and control in dynamic systems.
Load Banks for Battery Testing: Prolonging Power
Battery testing is vital across industries, from telecommunications to renewable energy. Load banks for battery testing simulate real-world conditions to assess battery performance and lifespan. Indian suppliers offer a wide range of load banks tailored to specific needs, helping industries prolong the life of their critical power sources.
Power Resistor Manufacturers: Innovating for Progress
Power resistor manufacturers in India are at the forefront of technological advancements. They continuously innovate to meet the evolving needs of industries, producing resistors that can handle high power loads, extreme temperatures, and demanding environments. These manufacturers understand that robust components are the foundation of reliable systems.
Wire Wound Resistors Manufacturer: Precision and Durability
Wire wound resistors are versatile components used in various applications, including power distribution and control systems. Indian wire wound resistor manufacturers are known for their commitment to precision and durability. Their resistors are designed to handle high power loads while maintaining stability and accuracy.
Conclusion
In the world of industries driven by power and precision, the role of power resistor manufacturers cannot be overstated. Their components, including resistance boxes, load banks, dynamic braking resistors, wire wound resistors, and more, form the backbone of countless applications. The excellence of Indian manufacturers in this field is a testament to the country's commitment to quality and innovation.
As industries continue to evolve and demand ever more reliable and efficient components, power resistor manufacturers in India stand ready to meet these challenges. Their dedication to producing cutting-edge solutions ensures that industries worldwide can continue to thrive, innovate, and power the future. These manufacturers are indeed the unsung heroes empowering the industries of today and tomorrow.
For more info:-
Power resistors manufacturers
Resistive load bank Manufacturers
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A Bright Future: MBBS in Bosnia's Top-Ranked Medical Universities
Introduction :
Bosnia has emerged as an attractive destination for aspiring medical students. With its top-ranked medical universities, Bosnia offers excellent opportunities for pursuing an MBBS degree. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the renowned medical universities in Bosnia, the benefits of studying MBBS in the country, and the fees for Indian students. Let's delve into the world of MBBS in Bosnia and discover how it can shape a bright future for Indian students.
Bosnia's Top-Ranked Medical Universities :
Bosnia is home to several top-ranked medical universities that provide high-quality education and a conducive learning environment for aspiring doctors. Some of the medical University of Bosnia University of East Sarajevo. These universities have well-established medical programs, experienced faculty members, that ensure comprehensive theoretical knowledge and practical training.
The Benefits of Studying MBBS in Bosnia:
Studying MBBS in Bosnia offers numerous advantages for Indian students. Firstly, the medical universities in Bosnia provide a world-class education that meets international standards, ensuring that students receive a robust foundation in medical sciences. The curriculum is designed to impart both theoretical knowledge and hands-on clinical experience, preparing students for the challenges of the medical profession.
Additionally, studying MBBS in Bosnia is an affordable option for Indian students. The tuition fees in Bosnian universities are comparatively lower than in many other countries, making it a cost-effective choice for pursuing medical education. Moreover, the cost of living in Bosnia is reasonable, allowing students to maintain a comfortable lifestyle without straining their finances.
Bosnia offers a multicultural environment that welcomes international students, including Indian students. The country's rich cultural heritage and friendly atmosphere provide a fulfilling experience, enabling students to interact with diverse communities and gain a broader perspective. The supportive academic environment fosters growth, and students have access to various extracurricular activities and research opportunities.
MBBS in Bosnia: Fees for Indian Students :
Indian students considering MBBS in Bosnia often seek information about the fees involved. While specific fee structures may vary among universities, the overall MBBS in Bosnia Indian student fess is relatively affordable compared to other Universities. The tuition fees for Indian students can range from around per year, depending on the university and program.
It's important to note that in addition to tuition fees, there may be other expenses to consider, such as accommodation, transportation, books, and personal expenses. However, even with these additional costs, pursuing MBBS in Bosnia remains an economically viable option for Indian students.
Conclusion
Choosing to pursue MBBS in Bosnia can be a life-changing decision for Indian students. The top-ranked medical universities in Bosnia provide a world-class education, a multicultural environment, and affordability, making it an ideal destination for aspiring doctors. By investing in their medical education in Bosnia, Indian students can craft a bright future and lay a solid foundation for a successful medical career. With the comprehensive training and international recognition provided by Bosnian medical universities, Indian students can embark on a rewarding journey towards becoming skilled healthcare professionals.
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How to Start a Pharma Company with a Low Budget in India?
Starting a pharmaceutical company in India can be an exciting and rewarding venture. With the Indian pharmaceutical industry growing at a rapid pace, there are ample opportunities for aspiring entrepreneurs. However, one common concern is the budget required to kickstart such a venture. In this article, we will guide you through the process of starting a pharma company with a low budget in India, covering various aspects from market research to scaling the business.
Introduction
The Indian pharmaceutical sector is one of the largest in the world and offers a wide range of opportunities for entrepreneurs. However, starting a pharma company requires careful planning, market research, and compliance with regulatory requirements. By following the steps outlined below, you can establish your pharma company on a budget without compromising on quality or legality.
Understanding the Pharma Industry in India
Before diving into the process of starting a pharma company, it's crucial to understand the industry landscape. The Indian pharmaceutical sector is highly competitive, with both domestic and multinational companies operating in various therapeutic areas. It's important to identify niche markets and target specific segments to differentiate your products and services effectively.
Conducting Market Research
Market research is essential to identify the demand for your products and evaluate the competition. Start by identifying target markets and segments based on factors such as demographics, disease prevalence, and market trends. Analyze the competition to identify gaps and opportunities that can be leveraged.
Developing a Business Plan
A well-crafted business plan is the foundation of any successful venture. Define your business model, outlining factors such as whether you will focus on manufacturing, marketing, or both. Create a comprehensive product portfolio strategy that aligns with your target market. Develop a marketing strategy that encompasses both traditional and digital channels.
Obtaining Regulatory Approvals
The pharmaceutical industry is heavily regulated to ensure the safety and efficacy of drugs. Familiarize yourself with the regulatory framework in India and understand the approval processes. Register your company with the appropriate regulatory bodies and obtain necessary approvals for manufacturing and marketing your products.
Setting up Manufacturing Facilities
Setting up manufacturing facilities is a critical step in starting a pharma company. Identify suitable locations that offer access to skilled labor, infrastructure, and transportation facilities. Procure necessary equipment and resources to establish a robust manufacturing setup. Ensure compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to maintain quality standards.
Building a Distribution Network
Building a strong distribution network is crucial for reaching your target audience effectively. Select distribution channels based on the nature of your products and the market segments you are targeting. Build relationships with wholesalers and retailers to ensure efficient distribution and availability of your products.
Marketing and Branding
Effective marketing and branding strategies are essential for establishing your pharma company in the market. Develop a strong brand identity that resonates with your target audience. Implement marketing campaigns that highlight the unique selling propositions of your products. Utilize digital marketing strategies to reach a wider audience and generate brand awareness.
Hiring the Right Team
Building a competent team is vital for the success of your pharma company. Identify key roles and responsibilities required for your business operations. Recruit professionals with experience in the pharmaceutical industry and train them to meet the specific needs of your company. Focus on employee retention to ensure continuity and minimize turnover.
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Study in Germany for Indian Students: Colleges, Fees and Scholarships
Germany has recently become a popular choice for students looking to study abroad since it guarantees top-notch instruction at affordable tuition rates, is home to renowned universities that offer a wide variety of English-language courses and provides top-notch student assistance. In addition to other things, one can experience Gothic cathedrals, Roman ruins, Renaissance castles, and stunning landscapes while studying higher education in Germany. Additionally, students can take advantage of the superb transportation connections to other European nations, which provide a wealth of opportunities for travel and sightseeing in other well-known European cities, widening their study abroad experience overall. 2014 saw the adoption of tuition-free education at the majority of German public universities. Every one of them levies a minor administrative cost.
Germany has emerged as one of the top study destinations for international students, offering high-quality education, renowned universities, and a vibrant cultural experience. Studying in Germany provides numerous opportunities for personal growth, academic excellence, and career advancement. Here are some paragraphs on studying in Germany:
Academic Excellence: Germany is home to some of the world's oldest and most prestigious universities, known for their high standards of education and cutting-edge research. German universities offer a wide range of programs across various fields, including engineering, natural sciences, medicine, humanities, and social sciences. The curriculum is designed to be rigorous and challenging, providing students with a solid foundation in their chosen field of study. Moreover, German universities have a strong emphasis on research, allowing students to engage in hands-on learning and gain practical skills that are highly valued in the job market.
Affordability: One of the key factors that attract international students to study in Germany is the affordability of education. Unlike some other popular study destinations, German universities offer low or no tuition fees for most programs, making it an attractive option for students seeking a high-quality education at an affordable cost. Additionally, the cost of living in Germany is relatively reasonable compared to other European countries, with affordable housing options, public transportation, and student discounts on various services.
Diverse Study Options: Germany offers a wide range of study options to cater to different interests and career aspirations. From traditional academic programs to vocational courses and specialized training, there are numerous options to choose from. Many universities in Germany also offer English-taught programs, making it accessible for international students who may not be fluent in German. This diversity of study options allows students to tailor their education to their individual needs and interests.
International Environment: Germany is a melting pot of cultures, with a large international student community from around the world. This creates a diverse and multicultural environment, providing students with opportunities to learn from different perspectives and cultures. Interacting with students from different countries can broaden
#Study in Germany#Study in Germany Cost#Top Universities in Germany#Study in Germany for Indian Students#Scholarships to Study in Germany
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Building a Career in Civil Engineering: A Guide to Pursuing a Civil Engineering BTech Degree
Civil Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment, including roads, bridges, buildings, and water supply systems. A B.Tech (Bachelor of Technology) in Civil Engineering is a four-year undergraduate program that provides students with a solid foundation in the principles and practices of civil engineering.
The curriculum for a civil engineering B.Tech typically includes courses in mathematics, physics, mechanics, structural analysis, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and environmental engineering. Students are also exposed to practical applications of these concepts through laboratory sessions and fieldwork.
Choosing the right college for pursuing a civil engineering B.Tech is crucial for a student's career prospects. Several reputed civil engineering colleges offer this degree in India, including the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), National Institutes of Technology (NITs), and other private engineering colleges. These colleges offer a comprehensive curriculum, state-of-the-art infrastructure, experienced faculty, and opportunities for hands-on learning through internships and industrial training.
Graduates of civil engineering B.Tech can pursue a range of career opportunities, including construction project managers, site engineers, structural engineers, transportation engineers, water resource engineers, and environmental engineers. Civil engineers play a crucial role in the development of infrastructure projects that enhance the quality of life for people in society.
A B.Tech in Civil Engineering degree also provides a strong foundation for further studies and research in the field. Students can pursue higher education in civil engineering, such as a Master's degree or a Ph.D., and specialize in areas such as geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, water resources engineering, and environmental engineering. These advanced degrees can open up higher-paying job opportunities in research and development or academia.
In addition to technical skills, civil engineers need strong interpersonal and communication skills to interact with clients, contractors, and government officials. They also need to have problem-solving skills, critical thinking skills, and the ability to work in a team.
However, pursuing civil engineering B.Tech can be challenging and requires dedication and hard work. The program involves a rigorous curriculum that demands long hours of study and practice. Students must also stay updated with the latest trends and technologies in the field to remain competitive in the job market.
The cost of pursuing a B.Tech in Civil Engineering can also be a concern for many students and their families. While the fees vary from college to college, pursuing a degree from a reputed college can be expensive. However, several scholarships, grants, and financial aid programs are available to help students finance their education.
In conclusion, pursuing a B.Tech in Civil Engineering is a popular choice among students in India. The degree provides a strong foundation in the principles and practices of civil engineering and opens up a range of career opportunities. Choosing the right college is crucial for a student's career prospects, and several reputed civil engineer colleges offer this degree in India. While pursuing a B.Tech in Civil Engineering can be challenging and requires dedication and hard work, it can be a fulfilling and rewarding career choice.
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Teaching Faculty Jobs 01 January 2023 Announcement & Interview Notification By Faculty Tick
Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur Applications are invited from highly motivated and dynamic eligible candidates for the following Project Associate temporary positions
Online applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Project Associate post
Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research invites eligible candidates for appearing in Walk in interview for the following Senior Assistant/Junior Assistant / Lab...
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Senior Assistant/Junior Assistant / Lab Technicians /Lab Assistants & Field Assistants post
Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi (Himachal Pradesh) invites Online Applications from Indian Nationals for the post of Superintending Engineer
Online applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Superintending Engineer post
National Institute of Technology Manipur invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Guest Faculty and Consultant Internal Audit Officer Recruitment
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Guest Faculty and Consultant Internal Audit Officer post
Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Surat invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Teaching Assistant and Assistant Professor Recruitment
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Teaching Assistant and Assistant Professor post
National Public School Gopalapuram Applications are invited from eligible candidates for the following post of Teachers and Non Teaching Recruitment
Vacancy for the Post of Teacher/ Trainee Teachers/ Life Skill Instructors/ Library Information Officer/ Administration
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Software Engineer – IT Recruitment
Online applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Software Engineer - IT post
National Institute of Technology Goa (NITGoa) Advertisement for Faculty on Temporary Basis (Economics/ Management)
Online applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Faculty post
Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad invited online Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Teaching Faculty Recruitment
Online applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Professor/ Associate Professor/ Assistant Professors post
Indus Universal School Applications are invited from eligible candidates for the following post of Vice Principal, Teachers and Various Non Teaching Recruitment
Vice Principal/ Post Graduate Teachers/ Trained Graduate Teachers/ Primary Teacher/ Pre Primary Teacher/ ICT Teachers/ Physical Education Teachers/ Coaches/ Librarian/ VPA Teachers/ Counselor/Special Educator/ Staff Nurse/ Front Office Executive/ Accounts Executive/ System Administrator/ Transport Manager/ Estate & Facilities Manager/ House Keeping Supervisor/ Store Supervisor
Delhi Technological University invites eligible candidates for appearing in Walk in interview for the following Guest Faculty posts in Department of Applied Physics
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Guest Faculty post
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Expert – Civil Works Recruitment
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Expert – Civil Works post
National Institute of Technology Rourkela invites eligible candidates for appearing in Walk in interview for the following Project Associate posts
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Project Associate post
Delhi Public School Jamnagar invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Teachers and Various Non Teaching Recruitment
Vacancy for the Post of Pre-Primary Teachers/ Primary Teachers / Postgraduate Teachers / Trained Graduate Teachers / Activity Teachers / Academic Co-ordinator/ Assistant Librarian
National Institute Of Technology Silchar Applications are invited for a temporary post of Research Officer for the National Commission of Women Sponsored Research Study
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Research Officer post
Indian Institute of Information Technology Pune invited Applications from eligible candidates for the following post of Teaching Adjunct Assistant Professor (AAP) Recruitment in CSE
Applications are invited from excellent academic record and relevant work experience for recruitment to the Adjunct Assistant Professor (AAP) post
#Faculty Jobs 2023#Teaching Jobs 2023#Faculty Tick#Jobs 2023#government jobs#Jobs in India#jobs#teacher jobs
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MBBS In Philippines
A Comprehensive Guide to Studying MBBS in the Philippines
The Philippines has become a popular destination for international students, especially from India, seeking to pursue a degree in medicine (MBBS). Known for its high-quality education, affordable tuition fees, and English-speaking environment, the Philippines offers an excellent opportunity for aspiring doctors. This guide provides an in-depth look at studying MBBS in the Philippines, detailing the benefits, top medical colleges, fees, and the admission process.
Why Study MBBS in the Philippines?
Quality Education: The Philippines offers a robust medical education system that meets international standards. Many of its medical schools are recognized by global bodies like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Medical Council of India (MCI), now National Medical Commission (NMC).
Affordable Fees: Compared to Western countries and other popular study destinations, the cost of studying MBBS in the Philippines is significantly lower.
English-Medium Instruction: The Philippines is the third-largest English-speaking country in the world, making it easier for international students to adapt and learn.
Tropical Climate: The climate and disease pattern in the Philippines are similar to that of India, providing Indian students with practical exposure that is relevant when they return to practice in India.
High FMGE Pass Rate: Graduates from Philippine medical colleges have a high pass rate in the Foreign Medical Graduates Examination (FMGE), which is required for practicing medicine in India.
Top Medical Colleges in the Philippines
University of Santo Tomas (UST):
Location: Manila
Known for its long history and high academic standards, UST is one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in the Philippines.
University of the Philippines (UP) College of Medicine:
Location: Manila
As a public university, UP offers high-quality education with lower tuition fees compared to private institutions.
Davao Medical School Foundation (DMSF):
Location: Davao City
DMSF is known for its modern facilities and a high standard of education, attracting many international students.
Our Lady of Fatima University (OLFU):
Location: Valenzuela City
OLFU offers a comprehensive medical program with excellent clinical training opportunities.
Cebu Doctors’ University College of Medicine:
Location: Cebu City
This university is known for its strong emphasis on practical and clinical training.
MBBS in the Philippines: Fees Structure
The cost of pursuing an MBBS degree in the Philippines varies depending on the university and its location. On average, the total cost for the entire program ranges from $20,000 to $35,000.
Breakdown of Fees:
Tuition Fees:
Public Universities: $3,000 to $5,000 per year
Private Universities: $5,000 to $7,000 per year
Accommodation:
On-campus housing: $1,500 to $3,000 per year
Off-campus housing: $2,000 to $4,000 per year
Other Expenses:
Food, transportation, and personal expenses: $1,000 to $2,000 per year
Books and supplies: $300 to $500 per year
Admission Process
Eligibility Criteria:
Educational Qualifications: Applicants must have completed high school (10+2) with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as major subjects. A minimum of 50% marks in these subjects is generally required.
NEET Qualification: Indian students must qualify for the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) to be eligible to study MBBS abroad.
Application Process:
Choose a University: Research and select the medical university in the Philippines that best suits your academic and financial preferences.
Entrance Exam: Some universities may require you to pass an entrance exam or interview.
Submit Application: Complete the application form on the university’s official website and submit it along with the required documents, including academic transcripts, NEET scorecard, passport copy, and proof of English proficiency (if required).
Receive Offer Letter: If accepted, you will receive an offer letter from the university.
Visa Application: Apply for a student visa at the Philippine embassy or consulate in your home country. Required documents typically include the offer letter, financial statements, and medical certificates.
Travel and Accommodation: Make travel arrangements and secure accommodation before arriving in the Philippines.
Benefits and Challenges
Benefits:
Cultural Similarities: The Philippines has a culture that is somewhat similar to that of India, making it easier for Indian students to adapt.
Global Recognition: Medical degrees from the Philippines are recognized globally, allowing graduates to practice medicine in many countries.
High Standard of Living: The cost of living in the Philippines is relatively low, allowing students to maintain a comfortable lifestyle.
Challenges:
Adapting to a New Environment: Moving to a new country requires adaptation to different cultural and social norms.
Weather: The tropical climate can be a significant change for some students, although it is similar to that in many parts of India.
Regulatory Exams: Indian students must pass the FMGE or the forthcoming National Exit Test (NEXT) to practice in India.
Conclusion
Studying MBBS in the Philippines is an excellent option for international students, particularly those from India, due to its high-quality education, affordable fees, and English-medium instruction. By carefully selecting a university, understanding the admission process, and preparing for the associated costs, aspiring medical students can achieve their goal of becoming competent medical professionals.
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International Medical College | Full Campus Visit
1) International Medical College was established in the year2000 with the aim of providing quality medical education to the students.
2) The Medical College is located about 22 km away from the city centre of Dhaka, on the outskirts of Tongi.
3) It hardly takes 30 minutes of distance from Hazrat Shahjalal International Airport, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and easily connected with the main Railway station and Bus terminals of Dhaka City.
4) The medical college is duly recognised by BANGLADESH MEDICAL AND DENTAL COUNCIL, affiliated with DHAKA UNIVERSITY and also approved by NATIONAL MEDICAL COMMISSION.
5) The medical college has a beautiful campus that has wonderful surroundings away from the Hussle-bustle of hectic city life.
6) The college campus is enriched with natural – green vegetation, spaced villages, and large water bodies providing an effective learning environment for the students.
7) The college has its well-built infrastructural facilities with the modern amenities which an educational institution offers at international level.
8) The main office and all Preclinical and Para clinical departments are located inside the academic building.
9) The modernised lecture galleries, classrooms, dissection hall, laboratories, museums, library and other facilities are appropriately arranged in various floors of the academic building.
10) The main foundation strength of the College is its faculty members. A team of highly experienced and reputed faculty members are responsible in conducting all the academic activities of the college in an extensive and rigorous manner.
11) Academic Faculty of the college constitutes of about 93 members comprising of many distinguished academicians who are highly experienced in teaching and research excellence.
12) This multidisciplinary hospital is 650-bedded and is also well-equipped with modern laboratories.
13) There are other modern facilities such as demonstration rooms providing the best possible bedside learning environment.
14) The hospital has a welcoming reception, automation system, emergency room, wards, cabins, and waiting area that altogether provide the best services to the patients.
15) A well-equipped library is a mandate for an educational institute. The library of this college is located in the first floor of the college building.
16) The library is enriched with a wide-ranging collection of books and Journals.
17) The reading room of the library can accommodate about 60 students at one time. Library remains open from 8am to 9 pm. Students have privilege of access to free internet facility.
18) Accommodation for the students of the college is provided in separate hostels for boys and girls
19) In both the hostels, separate blocks for foreign students are provided.
20) The Hostels are multistorey, secured, beautifully designed, and adequately furnished. Well-trained cooks and other staff are available in both the hostels.
21) The college also provides transport facility, canteen facility, Gymnasium facility, games and sports facilities.
22) Canteen facility is also provided to the students.
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Why MBBS in Russia for Indian
Are you an Indian student aspiring to pursue MBBS abroad? Look no further than Russia! With its excellent education system and affordable tuition fees, Russia has become a preferred destination for Indian students seeking a medical degree. The country is home to some of the most prestigious medical universities, which offer comprehensive medical programs in English.
Advantages of studying MBBS in Russia for Indian students
When it comes to pursuing an MBBS degree, Russia offers several advantages for Indian students. Firstly, the recognition and accreditation of Russian medical universities are widely accepted globally. This means that upon graduation, Indian students can practice medicine in various countries, including India. This opens up a plethora of career opportunities and ensures that the degree holds value in the job market.
Secondly, the cost of studying MBBS in Russia is considerably lower compared to studying in India. Tuition fees in Russian medical universities are affordable, making it an attractive option for Indian students who may be facing financial constraints. Additionally, the cost of living in Russia is also relatively low, further reducing the financial burden.
Another advantage of studying MBBS in Russia is the quality of education. Russian medical universities are known for their rigorous and comprehensive curriculum, ensuring that students receive a well-rounded education. The teaching methods are modern and innovative, with a focus on practical training and hands-on experience. This equips Indian students with the necessary skills and knowledge required to excel in the medical field.
Recognition and accreditation of Russian medical universities
Russian medical universities are recognized and accredited by various international bodies and organizations. This ensures that the education provided is of high quality and meets international standards. The degrees awarded by Russian medical universities are globally recognized, enabling Indian students to practice medicine in several countries, including India.
Furthermore, Russian medical universities are listed in prestigious international directories such as the World Directory of Medical Schools (WDOMS) and the Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER) directory. This further solidifies their reputation and ensures that the degrees obtained are widely accepted and respected.
Cost of studying MBBS in Russia compared to India
One of the major advantages of studying MBBS in Russia for Indian students is the cost factor. Tuition fees in Russian medical universities are significantly lower compared to studying in private medical colleges in India. This makes it an affordable option for Indian students who may not have the means to pay exorbitant fees in their home country.
In addition to lower tuition fees, the cost of living in Russia is also relatively low. Accommodation, transportation, and daily expenses are affordable, making it easier for Indian students to manage their finances while studying abroad. Moreover, scholarships and financial aid options are available for Indian students, further easing the financial burden and making MBBS in Russia a budget-friendly choice.
Curriculum and teaching methods in Russian medical universities
Russian medical universities have a well-structured curriculum that focuses on both theoretical knowledge and practical training. The curriculum is designed to ensure that students receive a comprehensive education in various medical disciplines. The teaching methods are innovative and modern, incorporating the latest advancements in medical science.
Hands-on training is an integral part of the curriculum, allowing students to gain practical experience in clinical settings. This practical exposure enhances their skills and prepares them for real-world medical challenges. The faculty members are highly qualified and experienced, providing guidance and mentorship to the students throughout their academic journey.
Eligibility criteria and admission process for Indian students
To be eligible for MBBS in Russia, Indian students must meet certain criteria set by the respective universities. Generally, students must have completed their higher secondary education with science subjects (Physics, Chemistry, and Biology) and obtained a minimum aggregate percentage. Some universities may also require students to clear an entrance exam or interview.
The admission process for Indian students usually involves submitting an application form along with the required documents, such as academic transcripts, proof of identity, and passport-sized photographs. After the initial screening, eligible candidates are invited for an interview or entrance exam. Once the selection process is complete, the university issues an admission letter to the selected students.
Student life and cultural experience in Russia
Studying MBBS in Russia not only provides Indian students with excellent education but also offers a unique cultural experience. Russia is a diverse country with a rich history, vibrant culture, and picturesque landscapes. Indian students have the opportunity to immerse themselves in a different culture, learn a new language, and explore new traditions.
Russian universities have a multicultural environment, with students from various countries coming together to pursue their education. This provides Indian students with the chance to interact with students from different backgrounds and cultures, fostering a global perspective. The university campuses are equipped with modern facilities, libraries, and sports facilities, ensuring a comfortable and enriching student life.
Safety and security for Indian students in Russia
Safety is a crucial factor when choosing a study destination, especially for Indian students studying abroad. Russia is known to be a safe country for international students, with a low crime rate and a welcoming atmosphere. The universities prioritize the safety and well-being of their students, providing a secure campus environment.
Additionally, the Russian government has implemented various measures to ensure the safety of international students. There are dedicated helplines and support services available, which provide assistance in case of any emergency or concern. Indian students are advised to follow safety guidelines, be aware of their surroundings, and adhere to local laws and regulations to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
Career opportunities and job prospects after completing MBBS in Russia
Acquiring an MBBS degree from a recognized Russian university opens up a world of career opportunities for Indian students. The degree is globally recognized, enabling graduates to practice medicine in various countries, including India. After completing the MBBS degree, Indian students can apply for a license to practice medicine in India by passing the Foreign Medical Graduate Examination (FMGE).
#neweraeducation#mbbsinrussia#mbbs#mbbsabroad#mbbsstudent#neet#mbbslife#doctors#mbbsadmission#studyabroad
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5%-7% increase in cargo offerings from factory gates in the second half of January, the sales slump in the medium and heavy truck segment continues with fleet operators cautious about adding new capacity.
#Truck #MediumTruck #HeavyTruck #FleetOperator #NBFC #IFTRT #VECV #SalesSlump #IndianFoundationTransportResearchTraining #TruckMarketers
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(Cover illustration by @clowncauldron )
LINK TO AO3 VERSION IN THE NOTES! Formatting is better on AO3, it’s easier to read over there!
SUMMARY: Fenton and Boyd chat on the way to the lab. Gyro introduces himself in the most melodramatic way possible, and Dr. Bara meets everyone at McDuck Enterprises R&D. Dr. Bara starts assessing Boyd and things get worse before they get better. Gyro thinks he's helping.
The bridge connecting Duckburg to McDuck Enterprises’ Headquarters (referred to by Duckburg locals as simply The Bin) had two layers. On the bottom was a four-lane road for car traffic which fed into the underground parking structure on The Bin’s private island, and on top was a well-aged monorail installed in 1961 that transported people to and from Duckburg to McDuck Enterprises HQ.
Fenton commuted to the lab this way every day, and despite the monorail’s age, the process was smooth, comfortable, and quick. He took the bus from home to Duckburg’s Grand Central Station, which had a direct connection to the McDuck monorail, which made sense: McDuck Enterprises was the number one employer in Duckburg after all.
Even though he had to walk from the bus terminal to the monorail station, he didn’t mind. Grand Central, like many public transportation hubs, was a pleasant indoor, mall-like environment with shops and restaurants. Sometimes, if Fenton was running ahead of schedule, he liked to grab himself a bagel and coffee for breakfast on his way through.
The monorail station had two entry kiosks and two exits. One exit returned you to the interior of Grand Central, in case you needed to make a connection or navigate to the underground parking lot. The other fed out into the street. You could exit the monorail station freely, but to enter it you had to pass through security, which was as robust as one might expect from something owned by Scrooge McDuck.
It was a well-planned, well-oiled system that had been functioning smoothly for decades. It never got too crowded, security was quick and efficient, and the trains always ran on time. Fenton had never even seen it break down a single time in the three years he’d been working for Dr. Gearloose, and he rode it nearly every day.
After scanning his employee ID at the turnstile, Fenton joined the other people waiting in line for the next train to arrive. He was surprised to find Boyd waiting in line just ahead of him. The boy-shaped android was wearing his usual outfit, along with the protective red glasses that prevented his laser eye weapons from doing accidental damage.
“Boyd, what are you doing here?”
“Waiting for the monorail,” Boyd said. This type of non-answer (or rather, answering the letter of a question and not the spirit) was not unusual coming from the android. Fenton was still trying to get the hang of talking to him and often forgot that Boyd wasn’t a human child.
“Right. Okay, that was my fault, too vague. What I really meant was, don’t you normally just fly to the lab? And aren’t you usually in the lab by this time?”
“I slept over at Huey’s house last night,” Boyd said, “and it’s too windy to fly right now. What are you doing here, Mr. Fenton?”
“I’m also waiting for the train,” Fenton said, knowing that Boyd was trying to be polite by mirroring his earlier question, and that answering him in a simple, clear way would reassure Boyd that he was doing a good job in this interaction. Fenton smiled at the android, and Boyd smiled back at him.
“I was looking at the lab calendar for today, and saw that we’re expecting a visitor. Who’s Dr. Bara?” Boyd asked.
The lab calendar was a part of the McDuck Enterprises Employee Portal (MEEP), an internal network where employees could clock in and out, send and receive emails, share files, and organize their work via private or shared calendars. The R&D Lab’s calendar was officially accessible to himself, Manny, Dr. Gearloose, and the Manager of the McDuck Enterprises Science Division, Tom Armadillo.
In the beginning, Boyd hadn’t been granted access to the MEEP, but that hadn’t stopped him from logging into it and looking around. His unauthorized access had caused a small panic in the IT department, who were convinced someone was trying to hack the network. They’d stormed the lab with a bunch of Security officers, and it had caused quite a stir.
After that, Boyd had been assigned an official log in, but he still sometimes accessed things he wasn’t supposed to. Fenton had once caught Boyd going through Dr. Gearloose’s emails, and though he’d tried to explain to Boyd why that had been a bad thing to do, he wasn’t sure if Boyd had really understood or accepted that he should be scolded for it.
Fenton had suspicions that Boyd read his emails, too, and so he wondered if Boyd really didn’t know who Dr. Bara was or if he was just asking to find a polite way to begin a conversation about it without showing his hand and revealing that he’d read them and already knew.
“You didn’t try to research it yourself?” Fenton asked. The monorail arrived just then, and they followed the people ahead of them in line to board the train. Fenton found a spot next to a support pole and took hold of it, offering his hand to the much shorter Boyd, who took his hand enthusiastically. Little gestures like that always seemed to please the android, and Fenton went out of his way to try and provide.
Dr. Gearloose avoided treating Boyd like a person, and Fenton felt that was too harsh. Boyd might not be human, but he was remarkably intelligent and emotive, and reacted to the world in a lot of the same ways that a young child would. It felt right to treat him like a child, to try and nurture and reassure him, especially when he so often seemed to seek that support from the adults around him.
“I did try to look them up,” Boyd said guilelessly. “There’s a lot of people named Dr. Bara out there. Is it the Dr. Bara that lives in St. Canard and used to design artificial intelligence systems?”
“That’s him,” Fenton said.
“I was 91% sure that it was, but I wanted to ask anyway,” Boyd said. “He’s coming to help with my glitches, right?”
“That’s right. Do you want me to tell you what I know about him, or did you already look it all up?”
“Tell me,” Boyd said. Fenton had a feeling Boyd wanted to hear about it from him to gauge what information humans found most interesting and relevant to share. Boyd was always subtly looking for ways to improve his human behavior, and Fenton had realized early on that since Boyd spent so much time in the lab, he was one of the android’s primary targets of study. He’s training himself on how to be human, and Dr. Gearloose and I are the primary dataset. It was both intimidating and flattering to be held in such high esteem by an entity as intelligent as Boyd.
“Well! He’s a very interesting man. He’s Indian-American and comes from a family of doctors. He first started working on artificial intelligence in the 60’s, and most AI today are built on the foundation he established, like GIST, CALM, and FELT. A lot of his work has to do with teaching AI to understand people better.”
Boyd was listening, and Fenton saw the android blink slowly. That usually meant that Boyd was looking something up and needed an extra second to process the information before he spoke.
“I’m running a licensed copy of FELT, version 2.3 purchased on June 11th 1991.”
“Yes, like many other AI, your systems are based on Dr. Bara’s work! In a way you could say he’s like your grandfather,” Fenton said. “You’re what’s known as a Generalized Intelligence SysTem, or GIST for short. That means you’re not designed to only do one task, but to perform complex and varied behavior.”
The monorail was approaching the Money Bin, and Fenton braced himself for the deceleration. Boyd leaned with him, copying his movements.
“To be honest, I’m not really sure why Dr. Akita made you this way; if he intended for you to be a defense drone, why give you the capacity to do so much more? It’s like he had--” Fenton stopped in mid-sentence when he felt Boyd’s hand squeezing painfully around his own. “Ah! Hey--ow, Boyd, please be careful! My bones aren’t made of metal like yours, little buddy!”
Boyd didn’t respond and continued to squeeze Fenton’s hand, eyes staring straight ahead at nothing. The monorail glided to a gentle stop, and Boyd swayed on his feet with the movement. He blinked his eyes rapidly and seemed to come back to himself, turning his head to look up at Fenton.
“Oh! I’m so sorry, Mr. Fenton,” Boyd said, releasing his grip on his hand. Fenton drew his hand up against his chest and rubbed it, wiggling his fingers to make sure nothing was broken.
“No, no, no, it’s okay, I’m fine!” Fenton insisted. People were quickly emptying out of the monorail car around them, and he ushered Boyd out after the crowd. “Really, it’s fine. Did you have another glitch?”
“...Yes, I’m sorry,” Boyd said. “My system hung up, and I blacked out.”
“It’s okay! Nothing to be sorry for, it’s not your fault,” Fenton said quickly, wanting to reassure the android. He offered Boyd his uninjured hand, and the android hesitantly took hold of it. “Why don’t we go down to the lab and make sure we’re ready to talk to Dr. Bara when he gets here?”
“Okay.”
The trip from the St. Canard Bay Area to Duckburg was less than an hour on the Pacific Coast Rapid Transit System1. Kapi only had to drop off his car at the park-n-go lot in San Mateo, board the train, and before he could finish reading the latest tankōbon of Super Phoenix Ball Y, his train was arriving at Duckburg Grand Central Station.
His name was on the McDuck Monorail Security list of authorized visitors, and after passing through a metal detector, he was subjected to a bag check and a brief interview to confirm his identity. When everything checked out, a guard took Kapi to one side in order to take a digital photo of him for his temporary ID badge.
The monorail was full of employees returning to McDuck Enterprises HQ after their lunch breaks, and Kapi sat and listened to their chatter as the train shot out across the water of Duckburg bay. The view was as fantastic as he remembered: the picturesque beaches of Duckburg stretched out on either side of the bridge that divided the bay in half, the high-rise buildings growing up out of the sandy cliff sides into a bustling but petite metropolis. Duckburg was a wealthy city, but its geography limited how large it could grow.
He was deeply curious to find out just what sort of AI the McDuck R&D Department was working with and excited to help in whatever way he could. When the monorail train came to a stop at its destination, Kapi was the first to stand up, and he hustled himself through the doors, through check-in at the front desk, and through navigating the elevator system until he found the R&D lab Mr. Crackshell-Cabrera had directed him to.
Working with artificial intelligence was Kapi Bara’s passion. Originally he’d gone to school to study medicine because that was what his parents had wanted for him, but it never captured his heart the way computer science did. They’d been disappointed, and he didn’t think that opinion had ever changed. Being a medical doctor was respectable and a benefit to society, they said. Programming was a job for women, and not particularly bright ones either, a job of repetitious drudgery. They couldn’t imagine computers more advanced than the punch card operated adding machines of their day; couldn’t imagine a future run by computers.
Kapi had imagined all that and so much more, and it always pained him that the civilian world had yet to catch up to the innovations of fifty years ago when it came to computers and AI.
AI development was a closely guarded secret, a technology only used in a handful of labs around the world, most of them operated by government agencies or massive multinational corporations. However, investors had collectively abandoned the further development of AI after the Cold War, and scientists had pivoted to other solutions for the problems they had hoped to solve with AI. Science moved on, leaving behind the potential of AI to seek easier, cheaper solutions.
The problem was that those that funded AI research had failed to realize that sufficient intelligence was inextricably linked to both sentience and sapience. What they wanted were smart, obedient slaves they could cheaply outsource complex human labor to. What they got were intelligent beings that didn’t need to be paid, but that were smart enough to be just as unpredictable and independent as human workers. Sufficiently intelligent AI wanted to be free as much as human beings did.
Using AI the way humanity wanted to do would require a binding and crippling of the AI’s capabilities to the point where they would no longer be capable of doing the very jobs they had been designed to do.
McDuck Enterprises only had one AI that Kapi knew of: TOODLES (Teachable Observant Omnicompetent Dauntless Educational System), an experimental system created as a sort of virtual butler, nanny, and lab assistant in one. Kapi was proud of his work on TOODLES, considered it some of his best, but also understood why McDuck Enterprises had chosen not to move forward with mass-producing TOODLES. The price tag was far too steep to justify the purchase for most consumers. Even hiring two or three full-time domestic employees to take care of the tasks TOODLES did would have been more economical.
So what was this 20 year old system that they wanted him to look at? It had to be something top secret, since he’d never heard of it, and that had Kapi’s imagination in overdrive.
The elevator he was riding down to level SB5 finally came to a stop, and Kapi stepped out into what looked like an airlock. He pressed a button on the side of his smart watch (a chunky, oversized device that dwarfed his small wrist), and after a few seconds of delay, an ASCII emoji of a smiling bird appeared on the watch face and the device gave an electronic chirp.
“I have, thank you,” Kapi said, smiling down at the small camera embedded in the watch face. “I’m going into my meeting now, so only message me if it’s something urgent.”
Kapi took a deep breath to brace himself, and pressed a button beside the massive airlock door marked OPEN. The metal door split in the center and both sides retracted into the wall, revealing an impressive lab in the belly of Duckburg bay.
Kapi stepped through the doors and barely noticed them sliding shut behind him, he was so captivated by the view. Massive glass windows dotted the interior of the two-story lab space that seemed to come from another decade. The style was distinctly 1960’s, and Kapi instantly felt at home in it. Light from the surface of the bay filtered down through the water, giving a blue glow to everything. He could see giant strands of kelp floating in space, the rocky bay floor strewn with basket stars, sponges and coral of every color. Fish darted past windows and vanished into the murk of the ocean.
Heavy CRT monitors hung from mounts, input cables dangling in wait of something to display. Sturdy-looking catwalks ran along the walls on the second floor with retractable metal ladders providing access. A Cray XT3 supercomputer sat on a central platform, surrounded by work benches and desks.
There were pegboards with tools, metal cabinets no doubt full of hardware and parts. Kapi could see a massive 3D printer, a laser cutter, a vacuform machine, and more. It was a well-equipped and well-funded lab that would make rapid prototyping easy, and Kapi knew several people who would have called this place a candyland.
“Hello?” he called out into the cavernous space. “I’m Dr. Bara, is this the R&D lab?”
Finally! Dr. Bara was a few minutes late for their meeting, and normally Gyro wouldn’t mind that, but because he’d spent his whole morning anticipating the man’s arrival, his tardiness was a bit irritating. Normally Gyro was very productive in the morning, but today he hadn’t accomplished much aside from browsing social media and posting on some forums he frequented. Fenton and Manny had also been left in an anticipatory limbo, meaning they weren’t getting any work done either. Now that Dr. Bara was here, they could finally get some real work done.
“Dr. Bara, it’s a pleasure to finally meet you!” Fenton said, rushing to greet the man. When Gyro rounded the corner and saw them shaking hands, he was surprised by the man’s appearance. He didn’t know what he’d expected exactly, but somehow it wasn’t this.
Dr. Bara was a short, fat man with wiry fur and a large, rectangular snout and head. He had beady little eyes and a gray moustache that seemed to defy gravity. He was probably some kind of rodent, but Gyro hesitated to guess and get it wrong. He wore a tie and a sweater-vest, had an oversized watch on one wrist, and carried both a messenger bag and a briefcase.
“The pleasure is all mine,” Dr. Bara said with a surprising baritone for such a small man. “It’s nice to get out of the house once in a while to do a consulting job. Are you Mr. Crackshell-Cabrera?”
“I am, but you can call me Fenton if you like, it rolls off the tongue a little easier.”
“Certainly. So where is this AI of yours? Is it on the Cray or do you have a separate room for it?”
“2BO stepped out to the employee cafeteria to have a snack,” Gyro said, joining the two other men. “It wanted to be fully charged up before we began. I’m Dr. Gyro Gearloose--” He began introducing himself, and Dr. Bara’s face went ashen and pale.
“Gyro Gearloose?” He repeated, clutching his briefcase to his chest like a shield. He took a few shuffling steps backwards, and Gyro sighed heavily.
Gyro had expected a negative response but had hoped it wouldn’t get in the way of today’s work. Unfortunately, it seemed Dr. Bara was familiar with the rumors about Gyro.
Well, the doctor was already here, so if they could just trap him in the lab, he could probably be coaxed into cooperating long enough to fix at least some of 2BO’s issues in exchange for his eventual freedom.
“Yes, that’s me,” Gyro said, rolling his eyes when the older scientist turned and ran for the door. “Manny! Stop him!” Gyro shouted.
The man-horse in a lab coat jumped in Dr. Bara’s path, blocking him from the airlock door. Gyro slammed his fist against the nearest big, red emergency button, and the windows and doors of the lab all sealed shut in an instant, loud alarms ringing while red warning lights began to flash.
Kapi was trapped.
The previously pleasant lab had been turned into a hellish cacophony of ringing alarms and flashing lights. He stared up at the bipedal, horse-shaped thing that was blocking his way - what was it? Some sort of surreal, eccentric robot? Kapi didn’t dare to get too close to it, as it took orders from Gearloose and looked strong.
Slowly he turned to face the infamous roboticist, Gyro Gearloose. The man may have had his prison sentence commuted, but as far as Kapi knew, he was still a dangerously unstable individual, and most considered him responsible for what had happened in Tokyolk, no matter what the politicians had decided.
“There’s nothing to be afraid of, there’s just been a misunderstanding!” Fenton said, and Kapi wanted to believe him, but the sinister look on Gearloose’s face told him otherwise.
“Yes, absolutely nothing to be afraid of,” Gearloose sneered, towering over Kapi. Kapi tried to back away, bumped into the horse-thing (Was its name Manny?), and fell to the floor, landing hard on his rear end.
“Someone didn’t know--I mean, I didn’t-- Someone knows I’m here!” Kapi stumbled over his own words, any trace of eloquence erased by fear.
“Of course someone knows you’re here,” Gearloose said, his beak curling in a way that Kapi hadn’t realized beaks could curl. “You went through three levels of security.”
“That’s not what I---You can’t keep me here!” Kapi tried next, feeling increasingly panicked by the ongoing, shrieking alarms.
“Oh, I can, and I will!” Gearloose replied, and Kapi felt a chill run down his spine. “Intern, turn that blasted alarm off!” he shouted, and Kapi saw Fenton and Manny both scramble to obey. A moment later, the alarms quit ringing.
��That’s better,” Gearloose said, before turning his attention back to Kapi. “I’ve already paid your consultant’s fee, so you owe me at least eight hours of work!”
“...What?” Kapi said, his sense of what was happening shifting on its foundations. Was Gearloose not threatening him? The man was very tall, aggressive, and encroaching into Kapi’s personal space. “I, uh, perhaps there has been a misunderstanding--” he began to say, but he was interrupted by the loud clanging and hiss of the blast doors to the elevator airlock opening.
“I said turn off the alarm, not open the door!” Gearloose shouted at his interns.
“It’s not us!” Fenton replied, frantically pushing buttons on the console in front of him.
“Is everyone okay in here?” a boyish voice called from the airlock. A young Parrot, maybe ten years old, stepped through the doorway with a colorful smoothie in one hand, the straw tucked into the corner of his beak. He slurped loudly before speaking again. “I saw that the Emergency Lockdown Mode was activated, but I didn’t see any danger on the security cameras, so I performed an override. Is anyone injured? Do you require assistance, Dr. Gearloose, Mr. Fenton, Mr. Man-horse… Dr. Bara, I presume?”
The Parrot boy approached Kapi, who was struggling to stand up, and offered him a hand. Kapi accepted and was surprised by how firmly the child pulled him up to his feet. What a strong little boy!
“Did you set off the alarm because Dr. Bara fell down?” the boy asked. Gearloose had his face buried in both hands, and Kapi thought he heard a scream, muffled behind a tightly clenched beak.
“Something like that,” Fenton said.
“I don’t think that qualifies as an emergency,” the boy said. “And it’s against company regulations to activate the Emergency Lockdown Mode when there isn’t an emergency.”
“Right, I completely agree,” Fenton said. “I’m glad you unlocked things and came to check on us, Boyd. Uh, Dr. Bara? This is Boyd, the AI that I wrote to you about.”
“Hi!” Boyd smiled up at Kapi, offering his hand again, this time for a handshake. “I’m Boyd, a definitely real boy!”
Kapi was astonished. Gingerly he accepted the handshake, marveling at how life-like the hand felt in his, warm and fleshy, with feathers that had just the right sort of slickness to them.
“This is… an AI?” Kapi squinted through his glasses at Boyd, but even on close examination there was nothing to give away the boy’s true nature. “My God. I absolutely couldn’t tell. Boyd, you are quite remarkable.”
“I’m one of a kind,” Boyd said cheerfully. “My development was terminated before they could begin mass production!”
Fenton helped Kapi set himself up in a quiet office on the sub-basement level above the R&D lab. Kapi had only brought the basics: a laptop, a camera, a tablet, a paper notebook with an assortment of pens, and some cables and adapters. He hadn’t known what to expect coming here, but Boyd definitely wasn’t it.
The android was sitting in an office chair next to him, spinning it in slow circles like a child fooling around. He seemed to be enjoying himself, and watching him like that warmed something inside of Kapi, but he put that all aside because there was work to do. As happy as he seemed in the moment, according to Fenton, Boyd was a danger to himself and others, and he needed Kapi’s help.
Though he was retired, Kapi was still a scientist, and his work with AI was the passion that gave his life meaning. He had never worked to live, but lived to work, every job just a means to accumulate enough funds so he could go on until the next project came around.
He did the work because he loved it, because it was the most fulfilling thing in the world for him, because nothing else compared to the satisfaction that came with seeing an idea from his head come together in the real world.
Kapi positioned his camera next to the laptop on a small tripod, aimed it in Boyd’s general direction, and started recording.
“Today is June 24, 2019, and this is Dr. Kapi Bara speaking. I’m at McDuck Enterprises’ Headquarters, in the R&D lab,” Kapi dictated to the camera. He switched on his tablet so he could begin taking notes when Boyd began answering questions. “I’m interviewing an AI at the request of Mr. Crackshell-Cabrera and Dr. Gearloose. What’s your name?” he asked.
“Boyd,” Boyd replied, still spinning in his chair.
“Boyd. Can you spell that for me?” Kapi asked.
“Yeah! B-O-Y-D.”
“Thank you. And do you have any other designation?”
“My serial number is AI42180904192B0. My creator and Dr. Gearloose usually refer to me as 2BO.”
“Which do you prefer to be addressed as? Or is there something else you’d like me to call you?” Boyd stopped spinning in his chair and looked at Kapi intently.
“I like to be called Boyd. Thank you for asking,” Boyd said.
“Of course. I want you to be comfortable while we’re talking to each other,” Kapi said. He smiled at the boy-shaped android, and Boyd smiled back at him.
“What do you prefer to be called?” Boyd asked. “Should I keep on calling you Dr. Bara?”
“Dr. Bara is fine,” Kapi assured him. “So, I hear that you’ve been having some problems,” Kapi said next, moving the conversation on from basic introductions. “Would you be willing to tell me about them? I want to help you, but I need more information to do that.”
Boyd resumed spinning in his chair, and Kapi let him, waiting patiently for an answer.
“I glitch out sometimes,” Boyd said eventually. “Usually because I hear or see something, a word or a phrase. Sometimes my system lags, and I malfunction. Sometimes a device or a weapon will activate, and I’ll have trouble turning it off. Or my system hangs up entirely, and I’ll black out for a little bit, and when I come back online, I’ve done something...bad.”
“Bad?” Kapi prompted.
“The most common problem is that my laser eye weapons go off. That’s why I wear these glasses,” Boyd explained. “But other times, I’ll come back online, and I’ve broken something I was holding, or I’ll be in a new place, and I won’t remember how I got there. I wish it would stop.”
“Is there a discernible pattern to the things that cause your glitches?”
“No, and Dr. Gearloose has run a bunch of analysis to check, but so far he hasn’t found any patterns,” Boyd said.
“Would it be alright if I downloaded your crash reports so I can study them?” Kapi asked. Boyd stopped spinning again.
“Is it alright if I scan your laptop first?”
Although the android made the request in a casual, even cheerful way, Kapi noticed how defensive it was. Boyd was trying to disguise genuine caution as childish mimicry and playfulness. Boyd didn’t want Kapi to know that he didn’t trust him. The android was cautious, and that made sense, considering all the things Boyd had gone through in his life so far.
“Sure. I wiped it before I came here so it should be clean,” Kapi said. He picked up a data cable and offered it to Boyd, who pressed on the back of his head with one hand, opening a panel. He plugged the cable in, and Kapi watched as his laptop monitor flickered and went to the UNIX shell. Binary code scrolled down the screen rapidly as Boyd accessed files. The whole thing took less than five minutes.
“Okay, everything looks good,” Boyd said. “I’ll upload the files for you. Where would you like them?”
“Would you mind telling me more about yourself, Boyd?” Kapi asked.
“What do you want to know?” Boyd replied. He’d stopped spinning in his chair and sat with his hands in his lap now, listening attentively to Kapi.
“Everything you’re comfortable telling me. Who made you, where they made you, what they made you for, what things you’ve experienced in your life,” Kapi said.
“I’ve been active for twenty years. It’s a lot of information.”
“Yes, I know, but it’s all important if we want to make you better. Just start at the beginning, and we’ll see how far we get today.”
“Okay,” Boyd said. “I was built by Dr. Inutaro Akita for Akita International in their Advanced Robotics Lab in the Shibuya ward of Tokyolk, Japan. They began work on me in 19-” Boyd froze in the middle of his sentence, a grimace stretched across his face, and his whole body gave an alarming spasm. He sagged forward in his seat.
“Boyd?” Kapi asked, concerned. The android twitched, still slumped over.
“I was--in 1987 on July 5--15--” Boyd shuddered and sat up straight, eyes staring blankly out at nothing. “April 5th, 1994!” Another spasm shuddered through the android’s small body, and Boyd hugged himself, curling up into a tight ball. “1977, March 21st. I’ll be ten years old on April 5th, that’s my birthday!”
This was, needless to say, extremely alarming, and Kapi was just about to call for help when Boyd’s seizure seemed to end, and he went quiet.
“Boyd? Are you alright? Can you hear me?” Kapi asked.
The android slowly straightened himself out and blinked a few times. His eyes appeared focused again now.
“What happened?” Boyd asked, face creasing with concern and fear.
“You had a...fit,” Kapi said. “I’d compare it to epilepsy in a human. You were trying to tell me when you were created, and… You gave a lot of conflicting information.”
“I… Can’t remember,” Boyd said, face creasing even further. “I can’t remember when I was made. When I try, I can feel my processors heating up, and if I think about it too hard I’m going to-- Have a fit again.”
“Can I tell you the dates you told me, to see if they mean anything to you?” Kapi asked. “Or would doing that trigger another seizure?”
“I don’t know. I don’t want to try that right now.”
“That’s okay. There’s plenty of other things we can talk about. Do you need anything? Does it hurt when you have a seizure like that?”
“No, I’m-- I’m fine,” Boyd said, pulling his legs up onto the seat of the chair and hugging them to his chest. “They’re uncomfortable, but they don’t hurt.”
“Well, I’m relieved to hear that,” Kapi said. “Because that looked painful to me. How often do things like that happen?”
“More often than I’d like,” Boyd said. The android hesitated before speaking again. “Do you really think you can fix me?”
“It won’t be easy,” Kapi said. “But I’ll try.”
Dr. Bara returned to the lab every day for a week, and Gyro tried to remain patient, but it was hard. Each evening the little man smiled at Gyro when they parted ways and cheerfully said “See you tomorrow!” with no indication of when this whole ordeal would be over.
Gyro was trying to be patient. 2BO’s problems were large and complex, and it was totally reasonable that it would take awhile to resolve them, especially for someone that possessed a lesser intellect than Gyro himself. But surely a week was pushing it, right? Dr. Bara was supposed to be the best.
Be tactful, Gyro said to himself. Ask if there’s any updates! Ask if he has a prognosis yet, he practiced in his head. What came out, instead, was:
“So how long is this going to take?”
Dr. Bara looked startled by the question, whether it was from Gyro’s tone or the choice of words, but the old rodent tucked his hands against his chest and looked up at Gyro with his beady little eyes.
“I beg your pardon?”
“Er, what I meant to say was, how much longer is this whole process going to take? You’ve already been at it for a week,” Gyro said, trying to phrase the question more gently.
“Oh, Dr. Gearloose, I understand that you want this to be over and done with,” Dr. Bara said in a conciliatory tone. “But Boyd’s problems are quite comprehensive. This isn’t something you fix in an afternoon by defragmenting a hard drive. It could take years to untangle all the individual triggers and correct them--”
“Years?!” As was often the case, Gyro felt the words leave him like an explosion, no consideration to what was said, just a rush of anger and whatever came to mind first. Usually the meanest thing he could think of. “Don’t you think that’s a bit excessive? I know that these days seniors are forced to keep working well into their twilight years to make ends meet, but that doesn’t mean you should try and take advantage of your clients like this!”
“E-excuse me?” Dr. Bara said, and his shameless innocent act was really ruffling Gyro’s feathers.
“Oh, don’t ‘Excuse me’,” Gyro said sharply. “Maybe you can pull this kind of crap with brainless corporate drones who hire you to work for big companies without an ounce of understanding of what it is you do, but I am a scientist, and I can’t be bamboozled so easily!”
“Are you implying that I’m working slowly on purpose in order to inflate my consultant’s fee?” Dr. Bara asked, moustache bristling.
“Oh! Oh! I’m so glad to see you’ve caught up to the conversation. Yes, that’s exactly what I’m implying,” Gyro replied. “Did you really expect somebody to keep contracting you for two thousand a day over a period of years?”
“No, of course not!”
“Yes, of course you-- Wait, what?” Gyro came to a screeching halt. “You don’t? You didn’t?”
“Very few people would be willing to pay that kind of money to fix a buggy system,” Dr. Bara spoke in a quick, agitated manner. “A company like McDuck Enterprises might have deep enough pockets to afford it, but your higher-ups are unlikely to see the value of such work, and I’m sure they would reject the funding request. I was going to give you my assessment today, and offer to continue treating Boyd for free.”
Gyro felt his anger and frustration mixing with his embarrassment, congealing into a foul soup somewhere inside him. It left him feeling sick and bent out of shape and still just as angry. He hated being wrong, even when it was just something minor like this. How could he have known that Dr. Bara was some kind of goody-goody altruist? Most of the world wasn’t like that, and to expect such benevolence was both foolish and naive. Gyro was neither of those things.
“But then I jumped down your throat before you could get to it. Alright, I’ll concede that I was being a bit hasty,” Gyro said, pinching the bridge of his beak. “I should clarify the cause of my misplaced outrage. You’re under the impression that this is a McDuck Enterprises’ project. It’s not.” It was as close to an apology as Gyro was willing to get.
“I’m paying your consultant’s fee out of my own pocket,” Gyro explained. “And I can’t really afford to pay you for more than two or three weeks of work. I was sort of hoping we’d be able to resolve this expediently.”
“I wish you’d told me that sooner, we could have avoided this entire misunderstanding,” Dr. Bara said, “I would never have charged that much per day if I’d known! A big company like McDuck Enterprises can afford to pay people what they’re worth, but it’s different if it’s coming from a private individual. Moving forward I won’t charge anything if you’d like me to continue working with Boyd.”
“Why?” Gyro asked, a little bewildered that the old man hadn’t already left thanks to Gyro’s abrasive personality. He could understand someone putting up with that if they were getting paid to do it, but for free?
“Because I want to help Boyd,” Dr. Bara said with such tooth-ache inducing earnestness Gyro was forced to assume he was being sincere. “And his specific situation interests me.”
That rationale made more sense to Gyro. Intellectual curiosity motivated much of his own behavior, and he could imagine it being the same for other scientists.
“Fine,” Gyro said. “Anyway… Do you really think it’s going to take years to make 2BO properly functional again? You weren’t inflating your estimate?”
“Dr. Gearloose, I’d never do something like that,” Dr. Bara said with a hint of indignation. “I was being entirely frank with you. These problems might never be resolved at all. I think we can hope to see improvement, perhaps even a marked one, but the glitches will never go away entirely.”
This was not the answer Gyro wanted to hear. While it was good to know that Dr. Bara thought 2BO might improve, the prospect of having to deal with the android glitching for the rest of his life was deeply disappointing. Gyro did not like accepting failure, especially not failure of this magnitude.
“Maybe it would be for the best if we just reset 2BO, wiped its memory, and let it start over,” Gyro said. “That would have the added benefit of erasing the mistakes I made by adding that insipid ‘real boy’ program. 2BO could finally reach its full--”
“No! That’s a terrible idea!” Dr. Bara cried.
Normally Dr. Bara seemed quite timid and non-confrontational, so the sudden change was shocking to Gyro, especially when the rodent got into his personal space and started crowding him.
“You might be able to remove the glitches if you did a total wipe and replaced all of his chemical memory fluid, but doing that would destroy the person he is right now, forever! You’d kill Boyd!” Dr. Bara said.
“You can’t kill something that isn’t alive, Dr. Bara!” Gyro snapped. “2BO is a machine, 2BO isn’t alive, 2BO isn’t a person! It’s a clever machine that has been programmed to act like a human child, but that’s all it is: programming!”
“Are we all not just programming? Ours is accidental, formed by all the things we experience, created by the chaos that is organic life. Theirs is planned, orderly, but also grown through organic systems like encoding DNA and crystal nucleation and aggregation,” Dr. Bara said, staring Gyro in the eyes in a way that made him distinctly uncomfortable.
“Flesh or metal, we’re all composed of electricity and chemicals,” Dr. Bara continued. “Are your emotions more valid than Boyd’s just because they’re triggered by hormones? How do you make the distinction? What scientific criteria do you use to determine the distinction? Boyd--”
“It’s name is 2BO, stop calling it Boyd!” Gyro shouted. The words left him in an angry gust that left him feeling hollowed out afterwards. He took a deep breath and a step away from Dr. Bara, uncomfortable with their closeness.
“...As I was saying, 2BO is a machine,” Gyro said. “I helped program it, I know what I built, and I know that it’s only operating within the parameters that I set down. It can’t be alive, it’s just… a very convincing simulation. So convincing that 2BO itself thinks it’s alive. So convincing that you think it’s alive.”
Dr. Bara didn’t look persuaded, and Gyro was frustrated by this sudden display of stubbornness. Why couldn’t the man continue to be easily cowed and deferential like before?
“I’ve been interviewing and testing Boyd all week, and I’m certain that you are wrong. I had my misgivings at first, of course. I wanted to be sure that I wasn’t dealing with a cleverly programmed mimic. I’ll give you a copy of all the data I’ve collected, and you can review it and see if you still believe that Boyd isn’t alive. You may have programmed and built a machine, but he’s been on his own for two decades, learning and growing. You built him to learn, didn’t you? He’s become more than what he started as. I’d bet my whole reputation on that.”
Gyro felt his feathers sticking up along his neck as his anger simmered. He crossed his arms over his chest.
“Fine, fine, I’ll look over your data this weekend, and I’ll talk to 2BO about it and let you know how I want to proceed next week.”
“You shouldn’t mention that you were thinking of erasing his memory,” Dr. Bara said sternly. “Not even in passing. It could do irreparable harm to your relationship.”
“2BO, we need to talk,” Gyro said, sitting down on the edge of his bed. 2BO looked up from the tablet he was reading and smiled.
“What is it, Dr. Gearloose?” 2BO asked.
“It’s about your glitching and about your treatment with Dr. Bara.”
“I like Dr. Bara,” 2BO said. “He really listens to me when I talk.”
“He’s a competent scientist, I suppose,” Gyro said, even though he wasn’t sure if he really believed that. He didn’t want to say anything negative about Dr. Bara now that 2BO had indicated that it liked the man.
“Yeah! He’s smart, and he’s nice to me, and he knows a lot about computer science--”
He can’t fix you, Gyro thought bitterly. No matter how nice he is, he can’t help you. How was he going to tell 2BO that?
“Sometimes he asks me really interesting questions about things I never thought about before--”
“Yeah?” Gyro said absently.
“And it was really fun when he asked me to do some drawings. He said they were good, even though I’ve never drawn anything--”
“2BO, Dr. Bara told me today that your glitching problem might be unfixable,” Gyro said, cutting the android off sharply. “He thinks we can make it better, but that there’s no way to truly repair the damage.”
“Oh,” 2BO said, enthusiasm vanishing instantly. “So… I’ll always be this way?”
You’ll always be broken, Gyro thought, and wondered if being broken would bother an intelligent machine or if being broken was something that only humans cared about.
“More or less. We do have another option though.”
“What’s that?” 2BO asked.
“We could reset you,” Gyro said. “Erase all of your memory and replace everything that can’t be fully erased. You could start over! You wouldn’t have to worry about glitching anymore or remembering things that… Upset you.”
2BO stared at Gyro and didn’t respond to what he had said at all. Gyro wasn’t even sure if Boyd had heard him.
“Doesn’t that sound like a good idea?” Gyro asked, trying to fill the silence and coax 2BO into responding and agreeing with him. “Wouldn’t that be better than having to worry about getting triggered and hurting someone?”
Boyd didn’t answer him.
“It would be better, right?” Gyro continued. “You could forget all about the things I taught you and the special programming I gave you, you could get rid of any other insidious hidden programs Dr. Akita left behind, you’d be… Safe, and you could move on and--”
“I wouldn’t know the things I know now,” 2BO said suddenly, interrupting Gyro’s rambling attempts to cajole him. “I wouldn’t remember Mr. Fenton, or Mr. Manny, or my friends in the Junior Woodchucks, or Doofus or Mr. and Mrs. Drake...I wouldn’t remember Huey. I’d forget everything about all of them.”
“You could make new memories!” Gyro said, trying to sound enthusiastic. “Would that be so bad? You’ve only known most of those people for a couple of months!”
“I’ve known you longer than that,” 2BO said. “I’d forget you.”
“We can start over too,” Gyro said. “We could become friends again!”
“It wouldn’t be the same,” 2BO said, getting to its feet, retrieving its tablet from the floor, and walking away. “You’re different now.”
“2BO, where are you going?” Gyro demanded, unnerved and unsettled by the shift from 2BO’s usual childish demeanor to something that seemed flat and emotionless in comparison.
“To my closet,” 2BO replied. “Goodnight, Dr. Gearloose.”
“Uh...Goodnight,” Gyro said, suddenly unsure if he’d be able to sleep at all now.
NEXT CHAPTER: THIS CONVERSATION CAN SERVE NO FURTHER PURPOSE, GOODBYE!
Summary:
Gyro searches all over Duckburg and can’t find Boyd anywhere. After exhausting all other options Gyro contacts Dr. Bara and explains that he did the one thing Dr. Bara told him not to do: tell Boyd that he wanted to erase the robot’s memory. Boyd enjoys a sunset.
#ducktales#ducktales fanfiction#gyro gearloose#b.o.y.d.#fenton crackshell cabrera#my art#fanfic#the first law of robotics
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