#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing

[researchblogsnews1]

Shaping the Future: Biocompatible 3D Printing Unveiled

Introduction:

In the ever-evolving landscape of advanced manufacturing, the convergence of 3D printing technology and biocompatibility has given rise to revolutionary possibilities. Biocompatible 3D printing, a cutting-edge technique, marries the precision of additive manufacturing with materials that seamlessly integrate with living tissues. This exploration delves into the significance, advancements, and unique attributes of biocompatible 3D printing, offering a glimpse into the transformative potential it holds for various industries, particularly healthcare.

The Essence of Biocompatible 3D Printing:

Biocompatible 3D printing, often referred to as biofabrication, involves the layer-by-layer deposition of materials compatible with biological systems. This technique enables the creation of intricate structures, mimicking the complexity of biological tissues and organs. The materials used are carefully selected to ensure not only structural integrity but also compatibility with the body's physiological environment.

Applications in Healthcare:

Customized Implants and Prosthetics: Biocompatible 3D printing allows for the customization of implants and prosthetics tailored to individual patient anatomy. Whether it's a hip implant, dental restoration, or limb prosthetic, the technology ensures a precise fit and compatibility, minimizing the risk of rejection and enhancing patient outcomes.

Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine: The ability to print cell-laden scaffolds with biocompatible materials opens new frontiers in tissue engineering. Researchers are exploring the potential to fabricate functional tissues and organs for transplantation, advancing regenerative medicine and addressing the critical shortage of donor organs.

Drug Delivery Systems: Biocompatible 3D printing facilitates the creation of intricate drug delivery systems. These systems can be designed to release medications in a controlled manner, enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects. Personalized drug formulations based on patient-specific needs become a tangible reality.

Surgical Planning Models: Surgeons can benefit from 3D-printed anatomical models for pre-surgical planning. These models provide a tangible representation of a patient's unique anatomy, allowing surgeons to practice procedures, optimize approaches, and improve overall precision in the operating room.

Materials Driving Biocompatibility:

Biodegradable Polymers: Polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) are commonly used in biocompatible 3D printing. These biodegradable materials break down in the body over time, providing temporary support for tissue growth in regenerative applications.

Hydrogels: Hydrogels, composed of water-absorbent polymers, mimic the consistency of natural tissues. They are used in bioprinting to create cell-laden structures, supporting the development of artificial tissues with applications in wound healing and tissue repair.

Bioinks: Bioinks, a specialized form of ink for bioprinting, often comprise a combination of cells and supportive biomaterials. These bioinks enable the precise deposition of living cells, paving the way for the fabrication of complex tissue structures.

Advancements and Future Prospects:

Multi-Material Printing: Advances in biocompatible 3D printing include the ability to print with multiple materials simultaneously. This allows for the creation of complex structures with varying mechanical properties, closely resembling the intricacy of native tissues.

Vascularization Techniques: Researchers are exploring methods to incorporate vascular networks within 3D-printed tissues. The development of functional blood vessels within printed structures is crucial for ensuring proper nutrient supply and waste removal, advancing the feasibility of larger, more complex organ printing.

Integration of Nanotechnology: Nanotechnology is increasingly integrated into biocompatible 3D printing processes. Nanomaterials offer unique properties, such as enhanced drug delivery and improved cellular interactions, further expanding the capabilities of biofabrication.

Conclusion:

Biocompatible 3D printing stands at the forefront of a transformative era in healthcare and beyond. Its ability to create bespoke solutions for patients, ranging from personalized implants to functional tissues, heralds a new paradigm in the intersection of technology and biology. As research advances and ethical considerations are carefully navigated, the future promises a profound impact on healthcare, regenerative medicine, and the very fabric of human well-being.

Read more : https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-biocompatible-3d-printing-market

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#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing #3d printing #3dimensional

[chemicalindustrynews]

https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-biocompatible-3d-printing-market

#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing Market

[enterprisewired]

Advancing Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Guide to Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) Technology

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) has emerged as a transformative force in the realm of additive manufacturing, providing a cost-effective and versatile solution for creating three-dimensional objects. Developed by Scott Crump in the late 1980s, FDM has evolved into a widely adopted 3D printing technology with applications across various industries. This comprehensive guide explores the principles behind Fused Deposition Modeling, its applications, advantages, challenges, and the future landscape of this innovative manufacturing process.

Understanding Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

1. Core Principles

FDM is an additive manufacturing technology that builds objects layer by layer using thermoplastic materials. The process begins with a 3D model created using computer-aided design (CAD) software. The model is then sliced into thin layers, and the FDM machine interprets these slices to deposit molten thermoplastic material layer by layer, gradually building the final three-dimensional object.

2. Materials Used in FDM

The versatility of FDM lies in its compatibility with a wide range of thermoplastic materials. Common materials used in FDM include acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and more. The choice of material depends on the specific requirements of the intended application, considering factors such as strength, flexibility, and heat resistance.

Applications of Fused Deposition Modeling

1. Prototyping

FDM is widely employed in the rapid prototyping process, allowing designers and engineers to create physical prototypes quickly and cost-effectively. The ability to iterate designs rapidly facilitates a more efficient product development cycle.

2. Customized Manufacturing

FDM enables the production of highly customized and intricate designs that may be challenging or impossible with traditional manufacturing methods. Industries such as healthcare, aerospace, and automotive leverage FDM to create personalized components and products tailored to individual specifications.

3. Tooling and Jigs

Manufacturers utilize FDM to produce tooling and jigs used in various production processes. These custom tools aid in assembly, quality control, and other manufacturing functions, contributing to improved efficiency on the production floor.

4. Education and Research

FDM technology has found a prominent place in educational institutions and research facilities. It serves as a valuable tool for teaching students about design, engineering, and manufacturing processes. Additionally, researchers leverage FDM to create prototypes for scientific experiments and studies.

Advantages of Fused Deposition Modeling

1. Cost-Effectiveness

Compared to traditional manufacturing methods, FDM offers cost-effective solutions for producing prototypes and small batches of customized products. The ability to use a variety of thermoplastic materials further contributes to cost savings.

2. Rapid Prototyping

FDM’s layer-by-layer construction process enables rapid prototyping, significantly reducing the time required to transform a digital design into a physical model. This speed enhances the overall product development cycle.

3. Design Flexibility

FDM provides designers with unparalleled flexibility in creating complex and intricate geometries. The layering process allows for the production of intricate shapes, internal structures, and interlocking components that may be challenging with other manufacturing techniques.

4. Material Variety

The compatibility with various thermoplastic materials gives FDM a versatility that extends across different industries. Whether the application requires high strength, flexibility, or biocompatibility, there is likely a suitable material for the task.

Challenges and Considerations in Fused Deposition Modeling

1. Layer Resolution and Surface Finish

While FDM excels in creating functional prototypes, achieving high levels of detail and surface finish can be challenging. Layer lines may be visible, impacting the overall aesthetics of the printed object.

2. Material Limitations

While FDM supports a variety of materials, each material has its own set of limitations. For instance, some materials may have lower heat resistance or tensile strength, limiting their use in specific applications.

3. Post-Processing Requirements

Certain FDM prints may require post-processing steps to enhance their appearance or functionality. Sanding, painting, or additional treatments may be necessary, adding to the overall production time and cost.

Future Trends in Fused Deposition Modeling

1. Continuous Innovation in Materials

The development of new and advanced thermoplastic materials is a key trend in FDM. Researchers and manufacturers are continually exploring materials with enhanced properties such as greater strength, flexibility, and even conductivity.

2. Integration with Industry 4.0

FDM is poised to play a crucial role in the Industry 4.0 landscape, with the integration of smart technologies, automation, and data analytics. This integration aims to enhance the efficiency and connectivity of the FDM process within larger manufacturing ecosystems.

3. Large-Scale Printing

Advancements in FDM technology are pushing the boundaries of print size, enabling the production of larger objects. This trend opens up new possibilities for applications in construction, aerospace, and other industries requiring substantial components.

Conclusion

Fused Deposition Modeling stands at the forefront of additive manufacturing, offering a versatile and cost-effective solution for bringing digital designs into the physical realm. From rapid prototyping to customized manufacturing, FDM has found applications across diverse industries. While challenges such as surface finish and material limitations persist, ongoing research and innovation promise to address these concerns. As FDM continues to evolve, its role in shaping the future of manufacturing, particularly in the context of Industry 4.0, is poised to expand, driving advancements in materials, processes, and application possibilities.

#fuseddepositionmodeling #3dprinting #Manufacturing #Technology #industry #innovations #rapidprototyping #customized #manufacturing #Industry40

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https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-biocompatible-3d-printing-market

#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing Market

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https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-biocompatible-3d-printing-market

#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing Market

[queencub3]

Advantages of 3D Publishing for your personal Organization Nz

There are numerous features of 3 dimensional printing for your personal business. Not only does it save some costs, but it is also extremely successful. The process of publishing physical objects in this manner is quick and accurate. The process is also really simple to use. In this article are some of the great things about 3D generating for your company. You'll have the ability to make exclusive items in a several hours. Whether you would like to style your logo design or make a skill operate, you'll be able to print out it. As an example, Rapid Advanced Manufacturing has produced a biocompatible dog jawbone from titanium. This technologies helped save the lifestyle of the dog, and it is now being utilized to produce customized implants for creatures at Nz. The process is also quickly and customised to the requirements the person. In the long run, it will probably be more affordable to produce a product or service in Nz than to get it in another land. No matter what your small business, you'll can get something that fits your needs. Prices of 3 dimensional printers differ at all times, depending on the top quality of output, convenience, and long life of factors. The larger-stop, specialist versions usually might cost more than $1000, although entry-levels and skilled versions can be obtained from the mid- to substantial-range cost range. If you're looking for an inexpensive and reputable option for your enterprise, World-wide 3D is the business to suit your needs. Its experts have many years of experience with this field and may help you create the prototype of your respective goals in a few time. Air New Zealand is probably the initially firms to utilize 3 dimensional printing technologies. They've been working with designers in the Auckland School of Technologies on developing cocktail containers. cnc Christchurch The process is yet another practical approach to try distinct models. In the foreseeable future, the corporation offers to develop its usage of 3D laser printers for several sectors. And even though you may think that it's just in the future, the technologies is evolving the way you make stuff. New Zealand is actually a leader in three dimensional stamping in New Zealand. This has been a young proponent and head within the industry. It has already created several cutting edge items in the building industry. By combining conventional Maori styles with modern day three dimensional-stamping, it's possible to generate an entirely new product. Moreover, it's much easier to layout a custom made model. You can even print a complete house in three sizes. Besides the evident benefits of 3D generating, this technological innovation is additionally beneficial for the production industry. It helps companies create merchandise in less time. There's no need to retain the services of extra effort when the procedure is affordable. It's not merely less costly, but it may help you save on labor fees, too. And in the end, this will boost your main point here. If you're planning to printing a part, it's necessary to look at your nearby legal guidelines.

#3d printing

[lockethelium3]

Ideal three dimensional Aluminum Stamping Nz

Nz is probably the world's top rated locations for 3 dimensional generating. If you are planning to start out your very own company, this technological innovation can help you create your product or service much more unique. Numerous businesses are supplying three dimensional printing solutions. Here is a list of the most effective selections for your business: a 3-D printing device, a professional materials, or perhaps an overall generation collection. In case you are not sure how to start, one can learn regarding the numerous benefits of 3D printing and just how it will help your organization. New Zealand has also began making use of polymer 3 dimensional printing technology, but many other countries are using the trend. The nation has joined with educational institutions in Auckland and Victoria, along with several technology organizations to produce new ways of this process. It provides even used laser beam 3D scanners to make tools and elements, as well as interior types. Because of this, the country is about the major side of 3D publishing at New Zealand. Its developing part in the business could possibly be crucial in the future of the nation. Nz is among the leading nations worldwide when it comes to 3 dimensional printing. The industry is continually expanding, and the nation is going through amazing development. Together with altering the developing market, there are also many the opportunity to investigate this new modern technology. The nation has a long-standing practice of integrating technologies and disciplines into its productions. A recent article from Technicolor outlined some great benefits of three dimensional stamping inside the New Zealand industry. Expense-usefulness is amongst the most critical considerations when picking a three dimensional inkjet printer in Nz. Like a startup, you can expect to pay out around $5000, which is actually a fair price to cover a high-top quality computer printer. The fee-effectiveness of 3 dimensional stamping New Zealand is shown in the quality of the done merchandise. If you are considering 3D printing, it's important to remember that there are lots of benefits to functioning in the country. Quality is a vital factor for three dimensional stamping. The very best components are constructed with biocompatible and also heat-proof supplies. The most effective 3 dimensional laser printers in New Zealand will even offer you high-high quality customer care. These firms will be able to provide you with a assortment of different components and processes for your product. Moreover, the ideal firms in Nz can also be willing to supply their customers custom-made providers. A high quality producer will provide the right remedy for the design and style that suits their requirements. The caliber of the products can be a key factor for the enterprise in the country. The best supplies can help you save money and time. Utilizing a 3D inkjet printer, you may print an increased-high quality product or service very quickly. The company makes use of the newest technologies in three dimensional printing and possesses a aggressive cost structure. Its highly skilled professionals are qualified to make top quality, quickly prototypes. These represent the best pieces in a product. In 2013, a group of scientists from Speedy Advanced Production and Canterbury School in New Zealand made an artificial jawbone for the puppy. It had been created from titanium, a biocompatible materials that assisted the animal. In 2013, the researchers could actually make an man-made puppy jawbone from titanium, which protected the dog's lifestyle. Furthermore, the company is focusing on creating personalised models for individual and animal implants. These firms offer you their customers a wide range of solutions to help them create the ideal item. There are a variety of methods to make use of 3D publishing in Nz. There are numerous advantages to this modern technology. The technological innovation has existed for more than four decades. It really has been employed to create a variety of items, from games to furnishings New Zealand. Also, it is a great choice for organizations looking for progressive ways to produce their merchandise. Its unique patterns provide for new companies to create products which would otherwise be extremely hard. In the past several years, 3D ink jet printers have revolutionised the producing approach. Increasingly, they already have paved just how for a better total well being. https://optimal3d.co.nz It is very important know the safety precautions for 3 dimensional stamping. The machine could be risky, and you should only use it within an location where you have a safety plan. You should be likely to stick to safety rules when running a 3 dimensional computer printer in your enterprise. This can avoid incidents and guard your small business. It is essential to determine what the risks are well before purchasing it. The technology is now more advanced and much more helpful every single day.

#3d printing

[cafeteeth5]

3D Printing Nz - Best 3D Metallic Publishing

If you're looking for a customized layout for the organization or perhaps for a private task, 3D generating is the ideal answer. There are several advantages to this process, and it's among the quickest increasing businesses in New Zealand. Here's a glance at a few of the most favored alternatives. To get started on, look for a organization in your town and have your layout accomplished today. After you have the style under consideration, contact the company to get started the developing method. If you're requiring a customized design for your forthcoming project, 3 dimensional printing is a superb decision. Fast Innovative Production (Ram memory) is a New Zealand organization that's been developing goods more than three decades. They've assisted produce man-made dog jawbones away from titanium, which happens to be biocompatible with animals. And they're still taking care of pet implants. The good thing is, the products are completely customized, so they're a great choice for healthcare or cosmetic good reasons. Oxygen Nz is an additional business that's been using three dimensional generating for metallic equipment and parts. The organization is partnering with a business in France, Zenith Tecnica, to learn the technology. Three of the-dimensional laser light scanner will likely be utilized for tool and part design and style and can even manage more complicated models easily. It's an excellent selection for small businesses and people who need a personalised design and style for business. A variety of businesses have used 3D generating for a variety of purposes, such as the creation of equipment and parts. This has allowed these to produce great-top quality custom made pieces in a extremely small amount of time. For example, in 2013, Fast Sophisticated Manufacturing developed a replacement jawbone to get a dog who got misplaced his mouth. The latest materials was biocompatible and protected the dog's life. In addition, Ram memory can be another fantastic choice for those who want to create personalised patterns. A couple of other types of three dimensional printed things are already becoming made in New Zealand. For example, Air flow New Zealand has been working with Canterbury College to generate cocktail trays by making use of 3 dimensional computer printers. The technological innovation would also be beneficial for the company to make different parts in the future. With all these advantages, 3 dimensional stamping is a great way to help make your company better. And with the correct resources and assets, you save a lot of money. The introduction of 3D stamping has become achieving substantial momentum in Nz. The government has supported a wide array of analysis jobs in AM. A project financed through the Ministry of Business, Development and Career (MBIE), for example, will concentrate on biography-composites and other additive production materials. SLS printing new Zealand A newly released project through the Auckland University or college of Technologies has been specifically one step within the correct path. The government is likewise funding investigation into 3 dimensional-imprinted elements in development sectors, and they elements might be produced having a high-top quality materials. In a recent report, the New Zealand govt has released assets in three assignments relevant to ingredient developing. These projects add the output of titanium-dependent components for custom bikemakers. Government entities has also supported numerous research jobs that happen to be targeted at 3D-printed items. The government has become motivating these tasks in the united states, as well as the market has a solid long term on this page. Even though the govt may be a bit uncertain about purchasing 3D-printed out parts, you should notice that we now have many benefits to the technology. The University or college of Auckland's CDAM Laboratory has knowledge in the field of additive manufacturing. The employees has successfully provided classes for organisations around the globe. These programs consist of hands and wrists-on exercises and the application of the most up-to-date computer software instruments. Whether you're an businessman or perhaps a professional, 3D publishing is a superb selection for your business. It has a wide range of rewards and can help you increase your company. You are able to design and manufacture virtually nearly anything you can imagine. Making an investment in 3D printing in Nz is a great thought if you're seeking a great-top quality product or service. As well as being less costly, the technological innovation permits you to create more technical things, which can be good for your small business. There are several benefits to this strategy too. Also, it is far more reachable than previously. If you're looking for a distinctive design and style, start by testing this process.

#3d printing

[biomedgrid]

Biomed Grid | Graphene-Based Sensors for Clinical Analysis

Introduction

Graphene sheet, a monocrystalline graphitic film is much stable and of remarkably high quality than graphite and have attracted a significant attention from an experimental and theoretical view [1]. Graphene sheets are considered fascinating materials due to their high specific surface area, good conductivity and excellent mechanical strength [2]. Nowadays, graphene can be fabricated to use it in effective ways and make it easy for researches to use it in the design of electrochemical sensors [3] and as matrix in the design of composite materials (“graphene based”): graphene sheets mixed with Co hexacyanoferrate nanoparticles (GS-CoNP) [4], mixed with methylene blue (MB) and chitosan (CS) as organic component (GSMB- CS) for the assay of prostate specific antigen. GS-MB enhances the conductivity and offers a larger specific surface area which helps the antibody immobilization process [5].

CuO-graphene sheets nanocomposite has been built by physical deposition of CuO nanocubes onto graphene sheets. This method of fabrication is simpler and time saving. The nanocomposite presents a good ability to promote the electron transfer reactions and enhanced electrocatalytic activity, which makes it a good choice for glucose sensing [6].

Graphene`s derivates, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are also excellent materials used in electrochemical sensors` design, due to their larger surface area. The modification of structural functional groups makes possible to improve the selectivity aspect of the electrochemical sensors [1].

Graphene oxide and Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) composite was prepared using stacking method between GO and AuNCs. The nanocomposite exhibited excellent features such as water solubility, biocompatibility and good stability. Due to these properties and because it provided a good platform for the interaction between the analyte and electrode, GO-AuNCs was used for the assay of L-cysteine [8].

Another nanocomposite using graphene sheets was prepared by adding an electroactive component, thionine (Th). This GSTh nanocomposite increases antibody loading and makes the development of graphene-based immunosensors, easier, for the assay of fetoprotein (AFP) [9].

In the last years modified rGO composites were used as material in the design of stochastic sensors [10-13]. Platinum and gold graphene composite pastes were mixed with a 10-3 mol L-1 solution of protoporphyrin IX for the screening of saliva samples for simultaneous determination of leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), interleukin 6 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) [10]. Ag-TiO2 graphene composite was used for molecular recognition of carcinoembryonic antigen in blood samples [11]. Pyridine and porphyrin modification of Ag-TiO2 and Au-TiO2 graphene composite paste was investigated for fast molecular recognition of 8hydroxy-2`-deoxyguanosine from biological samples [12]. A three dimensional (3D) printed Au-rGO composite paste electrode was studied for the electrochemical determination of BPA from saliva samples. The Au-rGO composite powder was mixed with paraffin oil to form a homogenous paste, obtaining the working paste electrode [13].

Conclusion

Graphene GO and rGO are intensively studied materials in the electrochemical field due to its high conductivity, biocompatibility and stability. In the last years researchers used this material for lots of applications such as clinical analysis, with very good results, making graphene a star material in sensors` design.

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Research and Innovation, CNCSUEFISCDI, under grant number PN-III-P1-1.1- PD2016-0190, within PNCDI III.

Read More About this Article: https://biomedgrid.com/fulltext/volume3/graphene-based-sensors-for-clinical-analysis.000695.php

For more about: Journals on Biomedical Science :Biomed Grid

#biomedgrid #American Journal of Biomedical Science & Research #Journals on Biomedical Imaging #Journals on Medical drug and theraputics #Top medical open access journal

[juniperpublishers-ttsr]

A Short Review on Bio-compatible/Bio-degradable| Photopolymers for Stereolithography Bio-3D Printing - Juniper publishers

Abstract

One of the important procedures in Bio-3D printing is to print/fabricate the scaffold for tissue engineering. A scaffold is a porous biomedical implant, which provides a short-term support to seeded cells in order to direct the formation of new tissues. The scaffold must be non-toxic, biodegradable, biomechanical properties, specific chemical composition and have a precisely defined pore size and geometry. For this reason, it is very important to fabricate scaffolds with high precision. In this review, 3D printing of biomedical scaffolds using photo polymerization process is briefly reviewed. As per requirements of tissue engineering, the choice of best 3d printing method and photopolymer were discussed. Apart from this bio-3D printing application, the bio-compatible photopolymer will be widely used in dental application, like the direct printing of aligner in orthodontics and temporary denture fabrication.

Keywords:  Tissue Engineering; Bio-compatible; Photopolymers; Stereolithography

Abbreviations: FDM: Fused Deposition Modelling; SLS: Selective Laser Sintering; 3DP: Three Dimensional Printing; LS: Laser Stereolithography; AM: Additive Manufacturing; DLP: Digital Light Projection; UV: Ultra-Violet;SL: Stereolithography; PCL: Polycaprolactone; PCL-DA: Polycaprolactone- Diacrylate; PGSA: Polyglycerol sebacate Acrylate

    Introduction

In biomedical engineering, the tissue engineering is a rapidly growing multidisciplinary research area to reconstruct organs and tissues [1] by using a biodegradable and biocompatible scaffolding structure. As described early, it is very important to fabricate scaffolds with high precision. The scaffold has been fabricated using various 3D printing techniques such as FDM extrusion, SLS, 3DP. In these methods, the smallest printable size is 50-200 |im which is too large to be used for some biomedical implant or certain tissue engineering applications [2].

Stereolithography

LS is presently one ofthe most rapidly growing AM technique widely used in different areas of science and technology, engineering and biomedicine. LS is a polymerization process in which the spatially controlled solidification of resin is achieved using various types of laser radiations. The key benefit of using LS are high spatial resolution (-0.1 mm), fast manufacturing speed, high precision and a large variety of materials [3]. Commercially available LS 3D printers can print parts with an accuracy of 20|im. A recently developed two-photon polymerization LS setup can build micron-sized structures with sub-micron accuracy [4].

DLP is another emerging SL technique in which an array of millions of independently rotatable mirrors is used to project the light in order to polymerize photosensitive materials layer- by-layer under the action of UV or visible light [5]. LS is one of the best choice to fabricate scaffolds with required size and resolution but expensive. In a recent study, Jeng et al. [6] employed projection based SL technique and precisely printed biocompatible porous matrix structures for tissue engineering.

For 3D bio-printing of implants using Vat photo polymerization technology, the biological material need to benon-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable photopolymer. Therefore, it is not easy to develop photopolymers for scaffolds and medical related applications. That's why they are rarely available commercially. There are biocompatible/ biodegradable polymers available, but mostly are not photo curable and need to be modified to make it photo curable. The photopolymer changes its structural properties when exposed to light, mostly cured by UV light. Photo polymeric materials consists of three main components including monomers (long- chain molecules), Photo initiators (split into radicals after energy input) and additives (UV stabilisators) [7]. A very limited number of photo-curable biocompatible materials are available for scaffold 3d printing. We are capable to describe only a few of them.

Bio-Compatible Photopolymers

PCL is a semi-crystalline polymer of aliphatic polyester group, which is a thermoplastic biodegradable material derived from crude oil by ring opening polymerization. Due to excellent biodegradability, high flexibility and biocompatibility, PCL is widely used in biomedical implants. In 2002, Kweon et al. [8] used PCL-diol with a molecular weight of 2000 for the preparation of PCL-DA through a series of chemical reactions. At Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), another vital material PGSA was prepared in 2007, which is based on a chemical change of PGS with acryl ate moieties. Instead of PGS, PGSA is a rapidly cured material to form polymeric networks at ambient temperature. In a most recent research, Cheng et al. [9] prepared a photo-curable scaffold material by mixing PCL-DA and PGSA and concluded that the new material had improved mechanical properties compared to individuals.

    Conclusion

Though several AM techniques are used for bio-3DP applications, Stereolithography setup can print porous biocompatible/biodegradable scaffolds with required size, resolution and surface finish. The bio-compatibility of the photopolymer is one of the most concerns in this VAT process.

PCL and PGSA are photo-curable non-toxic materials with excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, however, new materials can be made by combining liquid acrylated polymer precursor with other acrylated molecules for a number of potential biomedical applications. Definitely, there will be more new bio-compatible photopolymer material will be investigated to meet the application of bio 3D Printing and even bio-medical device like dental application.

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#Juniper Publishers #Open access journals #Peer review journals #juniper publishers reviews

[chemicalindustrynews]

Data Bridge Market Research analyses that the biocompatible 3-dimensional (3D) printing market will witness a CAGR of 21.75% for the forecast period of 2022-2029.

[tremendouslycolorfuldaze-blog]

4 Reasons Why ABS Plastic is an Ideal Choice for 3D Printing

One of the most popular thermoplastics, ABS, also known as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene is considered as one of the best options for 3D printing. Due to its high wear resistance, heat resistance, and incredible durability ABS is widely used in multiple industrial and consumer applications. Let us look at 5 reasons why ABS plastic is the best choice when it comes to 3D printing.

1) Effective Prototyping

ABS is a great material when it comes to prototyping. It can be glued, machined, painted and sanded with extreme ease. What’s more, it can be colored and you can get an attractive cosmetic finish relatively easily, compared to other materials. This makes it great for creating products with glossy finish and different textures.

2) Great Mechanical Properties

ABS has some great mechanical properties. It is durable and has a high resistance to physical impact.  This makes it an ideal material for applications that will undergo wear and tear. It has a low melting temperature and can withstand extremely high temperatures. It has a strong resistance to corrosive chemicals and is simple to use in  Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printing machines.

3) Easy of Amalgamation

Materials with enhanced properties can be created with the help of ABS plastic. They include properties such as conductivity, translucency, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, ABS can also be combined with other materials for greater mechanical properties. For example, polycarbonate can be combined with ABS to improve heat resistance and provide optimum strength

4) Incredible Accuracy

Products can be created with immense precision and accuracy with the help of ABS plastic. ABS prints are dimensionally accurate and possess minimum features that can be as small as 1.2mm. Moreover, they offer great design flexibility which further enhances the level of accuracy that can be achieved to design a product.

5) Cost-effective

Due to its properties such as ductility, thermal stability, and machinability, manufacturers can now create low-cost prototypes and architectural models for engineers and research departments. In the medical field, low-cost tool handles, medical prostheses and surgical instruments can be made with the utmost ease.

If you are in the plastic industry, then Plastivision is a great platform for you to showcase your product range and network with industry professionals. Book your booth today!

[ijtsrd]

Survey Paper on 3-D Bio-Printing for Hard Tissue

By Addepalli Sardhak | Beesu Venkat Mouneesh Reddy | Manjunath C R | Sahana Shetty"Survey Paper on 3-D Bio-Printing for Hard Tissue" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd13051.pdf  

http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/other/13051/survey-paper-on-3-d-bio-printing-for-hard-tissue/addepalli-sardhak

international journal of management, conference issue publication, chemistry journal

Three-dimensional bioprinting is basically for creating or formation of the natural developing which includes allocating cells into the biocompatible stage by applying a liberal layer-by-layer for dealing with the tissue-like three-dimensional(3D) structures. As we know each muscle in the body is made out from various types of cells, various advances for the printing of these headsets will differ in their size to maintain assurance on steadiness and reasonability of headsets which exists within the Assembling process. There is a huge exploration going on bioprinting innovation and discovering its possibility as a primary upcoming hotspot for injecting and complete transplantation. Manufacturing organs like instance liver and kidneys which are made by the bioprinter have arisen to meet the need crucial components that result in the human body, such as veins, tubules and for the development of billions and billions of cells required for these organs. This survey paper outlines the current most noteworthy advancement in bioprinting innovation, depicting the expansive scope of bioprinters and bio-ink utilized as a part of preclinical investigations. Refinements between the types of laser-based bioprinting, expulsion-based bioprinting, and inkjet-based bioprinting innovations again proper and prescribed bio-inks are talked about. Also, the current most astounding improvement in bioprinter innovation is looked into with a direct the business perspective. 

#3-D Bio Printing #hard tissue

[dbmrmarketnews]

https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-biocompatible-3d-printing-market

#Biocompatible 3-Dimensional (3D) Printing Market

[samaterials-blog]

3D Printing in Ceramics

3D printing technology, also known as augmented material manufacturing, has the advantages of simple operation, rapid molding speed and high precision. With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, it has been gradually applied to various fields of the manufacturing industry. Compared with the traditional preparation process, 3D printing ceramic materials and advanced sintering technology can significantly reduce the processing cost, shorten the production cycle and save raw materials. The development potential of 3D printing ceramic technology is huge, which will promote the development of aerospace, medicine and industry. It is widely applied in other fields.

Overview of 3D printing ceramic technology

At present, 3D printing ceramic technology mainly includes inkjet printing technology, melting deposition molding technology, laser curing molding technology, layered solid manufacturing technology and laser selective sintering technology. These technologies can be classified according to different standards. Among them, the methods based on laser forming are light curing forming technology, layered solid manufacturing technology and laser selective sintering technology, and the other two are non-laser forming methods. Melting deposition molding and laser selective sintering technology are needed to set up supporting structures, while the other three do not need supporting structures. Finally, according to the process can be divided into direct molding method and layer-by-layer bonding method, inkjet printing technology is to mix ceramic powder and binder to prepare ceramic ink, through 3D printing direct molding, belongs to direct molding method, the other four technologies belong to layer-by-layer bonding method.

1. Inkjet printing technology

The working principle of 3D inkjet printing ceramic technology is that the ceramic ink in the capillary tube at the bottom of the nozzle is rapidly vaporized by heating the nozzle and bubbles are formed and expanded rapidly in a very short time. As the bubbles expand to a critical value to overcome the surface tension of the ink, the ink sprays from the top of the nozzle capillary. Ceramic ink draws patterns according to the pre-modeled data of the computer, and realizes the 3D printing process by stacking them. When the heating stops, the ink cools, the bubbles begin to condense and contract, the ceramic ink retracts, and the ceramic ink stops being supplied.

The advantages of 3D inkjet printing ceramics technology are: users design personalized ceramics according to their needs, the cost is greatly reduced, to a large extent, saving manpower and material resources, while the technology does not need the assistance of laser technology, has been widely developed and applied in daily life.

2. Melt deposition molding technology

Melting deposition molding technology is composed of three components: feeding roll, guide sleeve and sprinkler head. Its process engineering is that hot-melting filamentous material passes through feeding roll, enters guide sleeve with the cooperation of driven and active roll, and uses the low friction property of guide sleeve to make filamentous material enter the sprinkler accurately and continuously. The material is heated and melted in the sprinkler head, and 3D printing is done according to the original shape required.

The advantages of melt deposition molding technology are that it does not need the assistance of laser technology, the cost is lower, and the later maintenance is more convenient. However, the technology needs to set up supporting structure to ensure that the ceramic parts will not collapse in the printing process.

At present, there are two kinds of supporting materials: one is peeling supporting materials, which need manual peeling in the later treatment, and the other is water-soluble supporting materials, which can be removed conveniently and quickly by physical or chemical methods in the later treatment. Therefore, the latter is widely used in the market as a supporting material, to a certain extent, reducing the complexity of the post-treatment process.

3, laser curing molding technology

The basic principle of laser curing technology is to focus the ceramic-photosensitive resin mixture liquid in the working tank through the ultraviolet laser beam, according to the designed cross-section of the original layer, and curing point by point, from point to line, from line to surface. After curing the surface in the X-Y direction, the three-dimensional printing ceramic material is finished by the movement of the elevator in the z-axis direction.

The advantages of laser curing technology are: it is suitable for making parts with complex structure and high accuracy. It can be operated online, and remote control is conducive to full automation of production. In addition, the technology does not need to be sintered, and does not need to add sintering aids, so it can be completed at lower temperatures and pressures.

The shortcomings are: the working environment conditions are demanding, low efficiency, need to set up support structure, process is more complex.

4. Layered solid manufacturing technology

Laminated solid manufacturing technology is a thin sheet material superposition process. The process is to cut thin film materials directly by laser, move the lifting table, cut a new layer of thin film materials superimposed on the previous layer of materials, bond forming under the action of hot-bonded components, to achieve the transformation from layer to solid. In 3D ceramic printing, ceramic sheet materials for layered solid manufacturing can be prepared by tape casting.

The advantage of layered solid manufacturing technology is that the molding speed is fast and it is suitable for manufacturing laminated complex structural parts. The disadvantage is that the technology is not suitable for printing complex and hollow parts, there is a more obvious step effect between the layers, and the final product boundary needs to be polished and polished. 5. Laser selective sintering technology

Laser selective sintering technology is mainly realized by the combination of three structural components: roller, laser and worktable. The concrete principle is that the powder is laid on the worktable by the roller, the powder is scanned by the laser beam controlled by the computer, and the binder in the powder is melted by the laser scanning to form the layered structure. After the scanning, the worktable drops, the rollers are coated with a new layer of powder, and the rollers are re-scanned by laser. The worktable is bonded to the solidified sheet ceramics of the previous layer, and the finished product is printed after repeated operation.

Laser selective sintering technology has the advantage of being able to process a variety of materials, including metals, ceramics, coated sand and so on. In the process of laser sintering, there is no need to set up support structure. The final product has good precision and high strength. Compared with the previous several technologies, it has obvious advantages and is widely used.

Application of 3D printing ceramic materials technology

1. Alumina ceramics

The traditional process to prepare alumina ceramics is cumbersome and time-consuming. Compared with the traditional process, 3D printing ceramics have the advantages of a shorter production cycle, lower cost, convenient processing and strong operability. Therefore, using 3D printing technology to prepare alumina ceramics will become a new revolutionary development, further expanding the sales market of alumina ceramics, and will be widely used in construction, aerospace and electronic consumer goods.

The researchers first used the spray granulation technology to prepare alumina powder with a particle size controlled at 10-150 m, and then printed alumina ceramic with good mechanical properties by laser selective sintering technology.

2, tricalcium phosphate ceramics

The chemical composition of tricalcium phosphate is very similar to that of bone. It has the advantages of non-variability and good biocompatibility, and is widely used in the medical field. At present, 3D printing technology of tricalcium phosphate ceramics has been systematically studied abroad. The main technological process is to prepare high-quality tricalcium phosphate ceramics by mixing 100g tricalcium phosphate powder with ethanol and milling for 6h. The slurry is dried twice and then the green body is formed by inkjet deposition and printing technology.

3, porous silicon nitride ceramics

In the field of 3D printing porous silicon nitride ceramics, experts used high-purity silicon powder with particle size of 7.2 micron as raw material and dextrin as binder to prepare silicon nitride powder with particle size of less than 200 micron by granulation process. Porous silicon nitride ceramics were synthesized by 3D printing and step-heating sintering under nitrogen protection with purity greater than 99.999%.

#silicon nitride #3D Printing