astrophysicsandpython
Astrophysics And Python
A non-typical not-so-pretty dive into the number crunching field of astrophysics.
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Spherical astronomy: The Triangles - I
This post discusses spherical triangles in astronomy. What are their uses, their properties, and some basic related formulas.
We discussed the great and small circle in our post about the circles in spherical astronomy. A brief summary for the previous post is as follows,
The great circle is one of the most fundamental concepts.
When a plane intersects a sphere at its mid-point, it forms a great circle.
One, and only one great circle can uniquely intersect two points on the surface of a sphere that are not…
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Doppler redshift
This post discusses the Doppler redshift, its uses, and its relationships to the Hubble equation and the Friedmann equations.
What is Doppler redshift?
Doppler redshift is a phenomenon that happens when a light-emitting object, such as a star or galaxy, moves away from an observer. The emitting object stretches the wavelength of the light as it moves away. This causes the light to shift towards the red end of the spectrum. This shift in wavelength is known as a “redshift.”
Christian Doppler first described the effect…
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Livestream for Advent of Code 2022 Day 6 by me.
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New YT short: defining functions in python with arguments.
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Two short formulae for calculating the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple using recursive functions in python3.
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Today we have #Crater, #Crux, and #Cygnus constellations with their Bayer-designated stars and IAU-defined boundaries. Images made using #python, #numpy, #astropy, and #matplotlib.
I'm plotting them in order of their alphabetical names, if you want a specific one to be done earlier, please let me know.
#astronomy #astrophysics #astronomyandastrophysics #python3 #programming #constellations #stars #sky #universe #sky #nightsky #Capricorn #Carina #astrology
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#python code and three pie chart plot for size comparison in our #solarsystem.
For reference, the Sun has ~99.87% of the solar system's total mass.
Ignoring the Sun, Jupiter takes up ~71% of the mass of all the planets combined.
Ignoring the Sun, and gas giant planets, the Earth is the most massive planet, taking up ~51% of the combined mass of terrestrial planets.
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#Instagram#astronomy#astrophysics#astrophysicsandpython#python3#sun#mercury#venus#earth#mars#Jupiter#Saturn#Uranus#Neptune#sky#solar system
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Maxwell-Bolztmann distribution: The most probable speed
This post discusses the derivation of the expression for the most probable speed of gas molecules from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
In our previous posts, we derived the mean and root-mean-square speeds from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution (MBd hereafter). Here, we will attempt to derive the most probable speed that can be attained by the gas molecules following the MBd.
The most probable speed is defined as the speed at which the distribution graph reaches its peak.
Or,
The maximum speed attainable by the gas…
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Degree decimal to hour-min-sec
Convert degree decimal values to their equivalent hour-min-sec values.
Degree decimal
Formula
To convert degree decimals into hours minutes seconds, we use the following steps,
Divide the given value by $15$ to convert it to its equivalent degree value. Subtract the fractional part from the answer to obtain the degree value.Multiply the fractional part of the input value by 60 to get the fractional representation of minutes.Subtract the decimal part from this…
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hour-min-sec to degree decimal
Convert hour minute seconds to their degree decimal equivalents.
Hour
Minute
Seconds
How to convert?
To convert from hour-min-sec to degree decimal, we use the following steps,
Multiply the hour's value with $15$.Multiply the minute's value by $15/60$.Multiply the second's value by $15/3600$.Add the values.
Note
There are 24 hours of RA around a circle in the sky and 360$^\circ$ in a circle. Thus, 1 hour of RA equals 15 degrees of RA. The same applies to…
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Making of Sagittarius A* image | Instruments
What went behind the making of the Sagittarius A* black hole image. This post covers an overview of instruments and a bit of technicalities.
This series of posts will try to cover the science, instruments, astrophysics, and more that led to the imaging of Sagittarius A* black hole at the center of our Milky Way galaxy.
Image of Sagittarius A* black hole. The temperature scale of radiations is in 109 Kelvin.Taken from Kazunori et al. (2022)
Important Note
These posts will cover the mentioned topics to the best of my ability and thus…
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#astronomy#astrophysics#wordpress#study blog#astrophysicsandpython#relativity#science#black hole#Sagittarius A*#event horizon telescope
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Determining the root-mean square speed from Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
This post discusses the derivation of the expression for the RMS speed of gas molecules from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
Starting with the Maxwell-Boltmann distribution expression from the previous post,
\begin{equation}
f(v)\,dv = 4\pi v^2\left(\frac{m}{2\pi k_BT}\right)^{3/2}\exp\left[\frac{-mv^2}{2k_BT}\right]\,dv
\end{equation}
We determined the expression for mean speed to be,
\begin{equation}
\langle v\rangle = \sqrt{\frac{2k_BT}{m\pi}}
\end{equation}
Deriving the root mean square speed expression
The…
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Determining the mean speed from Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution
This post discusses the derivation of the expression for the mean speed of the gas molecules using the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.
We derived the expression for the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution in a previous post, which was
\begin{equation}
f(v)\,dv = 4\pi v^2\left(\frac{m}{2\pi k_B T}\right)^{3/2}\exp\left[\frac{-mv^2}{2k_B T}\right]\,dv
\end{equation}
This expression can be further simplified to get the characteristic speeds for the ensemble of the gas, i.e., the mean speed, the most probable speed, and the…
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Degree decimal to deg-min-sec
Convert degree decimal to degree minutes seconds.
Degree decimal to degrees minutes seconds converter
The javascript converter will convert the input degree decimal values to their equivalent degrees minutes seconds value.
Degree decimal
Formula
To convert degree decimal to degrees minutes seconds, we use the following steps,
Subtract the fractional part from the degree decimal value to get the degree value.Multiply the fractional part of…
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deg-min-sec to degree decimal
Converter for degree minutes seconds to degree decimal values.
Degree Minutes Seconds to degree decimal converter
DegreeMinuteSeconds
See also
degree minutes seconds degree decimal degrees minutes seconds converter conversion
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How are different states of matter effected by the temperature, and how the temperature is related to the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution?
https://bit.ly/3JowQUP
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Equatorial to galactic coordinate converter
Equatorial coordinates to the Galactic coordinate converter made in HTML and JavaScript.
Equatorial coordinates
Indepdendant of the observer’s location and time of observation.Earth centeric, the equator of Earth is the fundamental plane for the equatorial coordinate system.Primary direction is towards the vernal equinox.It is a right-handed coordinate system, positive towards North and East direction.
Galactic coordinates
Independant of the observer’s location and time of…
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