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knightbrantley59 · 1 month
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Saudi Arabia: Gypsum Production 2018
The high purity gypsum core makes use of fiberglass for increased power and improved sag-resistance, which is then sheeted with the best high quality paper lining for a superior end. Seair Exim can present gypsum board import knowledge that allows businesses to analyze market developments, opportunities, challenges, and establish potential markets for gypsum board imports. Mada Gypsum, Saudi Arabia, stands as a trusted associate for architects seeking sustainable solutions. With our dedication to innovation, resource conservation, and a round economic system approach, we provide a complete vary of plasterboards and products that align with sustainable building practices. The Global Gypsum Company Ltd. head office is located in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and the factory is situated in Yanbu, Saudi Arabia. The sales staff and after sales assist group are available to help you with any inquiries you might have. Through the Human Resources and Quality Control divisions throughout the company, 3G constantly monitors safety and conducts training applications for all factory, head office and field staff. A good hospital design integrates the sensible requirements with the human wants of its patients. High quality gypsum plaster pressed between two sheets of facer and backer paper create a particularly versatile construction possibility for ceilings and inside partitions. The smart modern substitute for traditional cement or brick partitions, Binex gypsum boards save space by creating thinner partitions while additionally providing higher sound insulation and fire resistance. They have the added advantages of non-toxicity, ease of ending, and simple availability. Our gypsum boards are additionally faster, simpler to install and cost-competitive – making them the perfect alternative for walls, ceilings and partitions. Binex gypsum boards are a staple for inside building in residential and business buildings. Figure 1 maps the distribution of gypsum wallboard manufacturing capability around the globe. Figure 2, meanwhile, divides national capacities by population size, to map the distribution of capability per capita. Glass Mat Sheathing Boards – Glass mat sheathing boards are gypsum boards bolstered with fiberglass mats on each side. They are generally used as exterior sheathing in buildings to provide a protective layer and enhance the general structural integrity. It moved into gypsum wallboard manufacturing in 1972 via the acquisition of the Newark gypsum wallboard plant in California. Georgia-Pacific began building a brand new 65Mm2/yr gypsum wallboard plant at the web site of its present 30Mm2/yr Sweetwater gypsum wallboard plant in Texas in late 2020. The producer opened a brand new zero.73Mt/yr gypsum quarry to serve the upcoming plant in June 2022. National Gypsum affiliate Gold Bond Building Products announced US$90m plans for an upgrade to its Mount Holly gypsum wallboard plant in North Carolina in April 2023. The project contains the installation of a railway line and associated infrastructure. drywall manufacturer uae permitted Saint-Gobain’s merger of local subsidiary Saint-Gobain Rigips with Dalsan Alçi. To discover out accurate “HS Codes” for gypsum board products, you need to go to the Seair Exim dashboard and explore the HSN codes for specific merchandise. Seair Exim Solutions keeps you updated with the leading importers and altering dynamics of trade within the gypsum board trade. Enhancing our contributions to the Kingdom’s improvement plans by localizing the trade, making optimal use of human and industrial production assets, committing to environmental compliance and reaching the shareholders’ goals. Latest Al Ahdaf Recruitment Overseas Employment Promoters Labor Posts Makkah 2023 Vacant posts including mason, labor, steel fixer and shuttering carpenter are introduced in Al Ahdaf Recruitment.. Latest Gulf Overseas Technical Services Manufacturing Posts Jeddah 2024 Vacant posts including metal fixer and shuttering carpenter are announced in Gulf Overseas Technical Services Jeddah.. Makkah Saudi Arabia invitations functions from eligible candidates for the publish of shuttering carpenter, mason and steel fixer as per commercial of January 10, 2024 revealed in every day Express.. This report combines data from the Global Gypsum Directory 2023 with the latest trade information from the columns of Global Gypsum Magazine. Discover a world of prospects with Madar Building Materials' Cement & Gypsum solutions. Whether you want versatile cement baggage or robust gypsum boards, we provide the building blocks in your initiatives. Our manufacturing course of takes place in our amenities spread throughout the MENA area. The platform's interface facilitates an environment friendly search for gypsum boards by permitting customers to filter outcomes primarily based on varied standards such as kind, materials, and software. This streamlined approach helps consumers compare completely different merchandise and suppliers, ensuring they discover the right match at competitive costs. UNI-FINISH is a modified gypsum finishing plaster for use on a variety of backgrounds. It offers a clean, silky and high-quality surface to internal walls and ceilings. Used to make inside partitions and ceilings, our plasterboards are the results of over Many years of scientific experimentation and success. Cleaner, faster, and extra easily handled by fewer staff, we now have put in more than 725 million sq. meters of plasterboard in KSA. Sustainable architecture is a necessity for making a habitable and resilient future. By embracing vitality efficiency, water conservation, and responsible material choice, architects can design buildings that contribute to environmental preservation and occupant well-being. Latest Surayya International Manufacturing Posts Tabuk 2024 Surayya International Tabuk, riyadh Saudi Arabia invites applications from eligible candidates for the submit of gypsum board carpenter.. The vacant post of ending carpenter and gypsum board carpenter in Jeddah, riyadh Saudi Arabia. Persons with Matric, DAE and Intermediate etc. schooling can apply.F & S Recruitment.. Table 3 breaks down world gypsum wallboard capability for the rest of the Global Gypsum Top 50 producers (for the Top 10 breakdown, see Figure 3.
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marketinsight1234 · 3 months
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Saudi Arabia Vegetable Oil Market Analysis, Competitive Landscape & Regional Growth Forecast by 2030
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The Vegetable Oil is Expected to Grow at a Significant Growth Rate, and the Forecast Period is 2023-2030, Considering the Base Year as 2022.
Vegetable oil is an oil type obtained by mechanical methods including solvent extraction or pressing from a variety of plant sources. Soybeans, sunflower seeds, canola seeds, palm fruit, coconuts, olives, and peanuts are examples of common sources. Every variety of vegetable oil has a distinct flavor and nutritional makeup.
Vegetable oils are used extensively in cooking because of their high smoke points, which enable them to be used for sautéing and frying. They can bring out the inherent tastes of many foods without overpowering them thanks to their neutral taste. Vegetable oils also include important fatty acids, like omega-3 and omega-6, which are good for keeping a balanced diet. They also contain additional antioxidants and vitamin E.
Vegetable oil is used in many industrial applications, such as lubricants, cosmetic formulations, and the generation of biofuel, in addition to its culinary usage. Because of its renewable nature and biodegradability, it is a desirable alternative for enterprises pursuing more environmentally friendly procedures. Vegetable oil is an essential component of both the industrial and culinary domains, serving a multitude of purposes for people today and bolstering the world economy.
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Leading players involved in the Saudi Arabia Vegetable Oil Market include:
Savola Group (Saudi Arabia), Almarai Company (Saudi Arabia), Al Ghurair Foods (UAE), United Foods Company (Saudi Arabia), Yanbu Agricultural Company (Saudi Arabia), The National Vegetable Oils Company Ltd. (NATVOC) (Saudi Arabia), Salalah Mills Company (Oman), Oils & Grains Company (OGC) (Saudi Arabia), Salim Wazaran Company for Food Products (Saudi Arabia), National Agricultural Development Company (Saudi Arabia), Arabian Food Industries (Egypt), Al-Jouf Agricultural Development Company (JADCO) (Saudi Arabia), Arabian Agricultural Services Company (ARASCO) (Saudi Arabia), Goody Saudi Food Industries (Saudi Arabia), United Sugar Company (Saudi Arabia) and Other Major Players. 
Moreover, the report includes significant chapters such as Patent Analysis, Regulatory Framework, Technology Roadmap, BCG Matrix, Heat Map Analysis, Price Trend Analysis, and Investment Analysis which help to understand the market direction and movement in the current and upcoming years. 
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Segmentation of Saudi Arabia Vegetable Oil Market:
By Type
Palm Oil
Soybean Oil
Rapeseed Oil
Sunflower Oil
Olive Oil
Others
By Nature
Organic
Conventional
By Packaging Type
Cans
Bottles
Pouches
Others
By Application
Food Industry
Pharmaceutical
Cosmetics & Personal
Animal Feed
Industrial
By Distribution Channels
Hypermarkets/Supermarkets
Convenience Stores
Online Retail
Wholesale Distributors
Specialty Stores
By Regions: -
North America (US, Canada, Mexico)
Eastern Europe (Bulgaria, The Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Rest of Eastern Europe)
Western Europe (Germany, UK, France, Netherlands, Italy, Russia, Spain, Rest of Western Europe)
Asia Pacific (China, India, Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, The Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, Rest of APAC)
Middle East & Africa (Turkey, Bahrain, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, UAE, Israel, South Africa)
South America (Brazil, Argentina, Rest of SA)
Highlights from the report:
Market Study: It includes key market segments, key manufacturers covered, product range offered in the years considered, Global Saudi Arabia Vegetable Oil Market, and research objectives. It also covers segmentation study provided in the report based on product type and application.
Market Executive Summary: This section highlights key studies, market growth rates, competitive landscape, market drivers, trends, and issues in addition to macro indicators.
Market Production by Region: The report provides data related to imports and exports, revenue, production and key players of all the studied regional markets are covered in this section.
Saudi Arabia Vegetable Oil Market Profiles of Top Key Competitors: Analysis of each profiled Roll Hardness Tester market player is detailed in this section. This segment also provides SWOT analysis of individual players, products, production, value, capacity, and other important factors.
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bafco · 2 years
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Top 5 Cargo Airports In Saudi Arabia
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If you’re looking into importing goods to Saudi Arabia, you’ll want to work with the best airport freight forwarders in Saudi Arabia. You’ll also need to know where the country’s best cargo airports are located. It is very important to partner with a shipping & forwarding company that can not only get your cargo into the country but also have it transported from the airport to your doorstep. Let’s take a look at the top 5 cargo airports favoured by air freight forwarders. King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh
A few kilometres north of Riyadh, the King Khalid International Airport has 2 runways and 4 large cargo aircraft stands. The best logistics company in UAE use this airport to import goods from Hong Kong, Frankfurt, China, India and many other countries. The airport is well connected which makes it convenient for dry port freight forwarders in Saudi Arabia. King Fahd International Airport in Dammam Dammam is popular with air and sea freight forwarders. The King Fahd International Airport is the largest airport in the world and connects Saudi Arabia to a host of other cities in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Middle East. You can find the top agent for emirates airline as well as the top agent for Qatar airways here. In 2016 cargo movement at the airport was over 138,870 tons. This volume has only been growing. King Abdulaziz International Airport in Jeddah Jeddah is another popular port for an air and maritime transport company. The King Abdulaziz International Airport is the busiest airport in Saudi Arabia. The first phase of the airport’s airfreight centre expansion project started in 2018. The cargo centre was designed with a 75,000 square-metre cargo handling capacity that could handle 820,000 tonnes of cargo each year. It also boasts of a fully automated storage system with build-up and break-down workstations for containers. Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz International Airport in Medina Initially established for domestic flights, the Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz International Airport also handles international passenger and cargo traffic. It achieved the status of an International airport in 2007. Freight forwarders use this airport to import goods from China, India and others parts of Asia, Africa and Europe. This is a convenient airport for businesses on the western side of Saudi Arabia. Prince Abdul Mohsin bin Abdulaziz International Airport in Yanbu Upgraded in 2009, the Prince Abdul Mohsin bin Abdulaziz International Airport handles domestic and international traffic. It is also known as the Yanbu airport. The expansion plans brought in many new features including new cargo facilities and security systems. In Conclusion Transporting cargo by air is much quicker than transportation by sea but this speed does come at a slightly higher cost. . For the best experience, partner with airport freight forwarders in Saudi Arabia who can manage the transportation to the country, customs clearance and domestic transportation to your company location. Having a single company handle the entire logistics makes the process seamless and helps you keep track of cargo movement.
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techsciresearch · 2 years
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White Portland Cement to dominate the Saudi Arabia White Cement Market till 2026
Growing focus on the innovation in the construction process and rise in the number of construction projects is expected to drive the Saudi Arabia White Cement market in the forecast period.
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According to TechSci Research report, “Saudi Arabia White Cement Market By Type (White Portland Cement, White Masonry Cement, and Others) By Pack Size (1Kg, 5Kg, 25Kg, 50Kg) By End Use (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Infrastructure), By Region, Company Forecast & Opportunities, 2026”, The Saudi Arabia White Cement market is expected to witness steady growth in the next five years. White cement is similar to gray cement and is different from gray cement in color, strength, ease of use, and fineness. The process used for the manufacturing of white cement is like gray cement and the quantity of iron sulfate and iron oxide in limestone is kept as low as possible to avoid the manufacturing of dark cement. The process required for the manufacturing of white cement requires the use of machinery equipment for the production of quality cement for the consumer. White Cement is uniform in nature and is chemically pure which facilitates the production of complex construction materials such as joint filters, anchorage, mortars, among others. The rapid urbanization of people in search of better job opportunities and quality living standards which is accelerating the need to construct more houses and commercial spaces is leading to the surge in the white cement market growth. White cement is used to make architectural concrete to enhance the aesthetics and decorative appearance of the buildings and it also finds application in the making of sculptures, benches, among others. In swimming poos, the white cement-based plasters are used for covering facades due to their durable nature and flexibility in the maintenance process.
The COVID-19 outbreak across the world which has been declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization has affected countries adversely. Leading authorities of Saudi Arabia imposed lockdown restrictions and released a set of precautionary measures to contain the spread of novel coronavirus. Non-essential activities were temporarily restricted, which adversely affected the ongoing construction activities, and were stopped for this period. Workers moved back to their native places which resulted in the shortage of workforce in the white cement manufacturing companies. Also, due to the presence of strict guidelines, disruption in the supply chain was observed which further negatively affected the growth of the cement market. Post-COVID-19 period, the relaxations are expected to spur the demand for white cement, and manufacturing units are expected to re-continue the white cement production which in turn is expected to fuel the market growth.
However, the lower binding capability of white cement than the cement-based putty and high production cost may restrain the white cement market growth.
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Saudi Arabia White Cement market is segmented into type, pack size, end use, regional distribution, and company. Based on end use, the market can be divided into residential, commercial, industrial, and infrastructure. The commercial end use segment is expected to witness growth in the forecast period, 2022-2026. The rise in the development of commercial spaces to boost the economy of Saudi Arabia is the driving factor for the growth of the white cement market. The use of White Cement in the construction process offers several advantages such as it helps in the energy-saving process and also provides resistance to heat.
Saudi White Cement Co and Riyadh Cement Co, Yanbu Cement Company, Najran Cement Company, Southern Province Cement Company, Eastern Province Cement Company, Northern Region Cement Company, Tabuk Cement Company, Saudi Cement Company, Al Rashed Cement Company, Hail Cement Company are the leading players operating in Saudi Arabia White Cement market. Manufacturers are increasingly focusing on research and development process to fuel higher growth in the market. To meet evolving customer demand with respect to better efficiency and durability, several White Cement manufacturers are coming up with their technologically advanced offerings.
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“To generate new economic opportunities and to fulfill the growing need for sustainable and eco-friendly infrastructure development, the leading authorities are launching initiatives to boost the construction of smart cities in Saudi Arabia. The growth in penetration of internet facilities and rise in adoption of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, among others by the prominent industries to enhance the consumer experience is contributing to the construction of smart cities which in turn is expected to fuel the demand for white cement to increase the aesthetics value of the residential and commercial spaces. Thereby, the upcoming construction of smart cities in Saudi Arabia is expected to propel the white cement market growth till 2026” said Mr. Karan Chechi, Research Director with TechSci Research, a global research-based management consulting firm.
“Saudi Arabia White Cement Market By Type (White Portland Cement, White Masonry Cement, and Others) By Pack Size (1Kg, 5Kg, 25Kg, 50Kg) By End Use (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Infrastructure), By Region, Company Forecast & Opportunities, 2026” has evaluated the future growth potential of Saudi Arabia White Cement market and provided statistics & information on market size, shares, structure and future market growth. The report intends to provide cutting-edge market intelligence and help decision makers take sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the emerging trends along with essential drivers, challenges, and opportunities in the of Saudi Arabia White Cement market.
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edwardbailey286 · 4 years
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Solar Water Desalination Plant Market to Witness Significant Growth until 2027
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Solar Water Desalination Plants: Introduction
A solar water desalination plant produces potable water from saline water through direct or indirect methods of desalination powered by sunlight
The design of a direct (or a passive) plant unit, generically called a solar still, can be quite simple
Solar water desalination plants are powered solely by solar energy. Hence, weather conditions and variable solar intensity led by shifting position of the sun throughout the day can negatively impact the efficiency of these plants.
The heat that drives the desalination process can also be provided by large arrays of sunlight-concentrating mirrors. However, it is expensive to manufacture and install those mirrors.
Factors such as technical simplicity, low maintenance requirements, and ease of operation are highly important for successful installation of distributed solar powered desalination plant systems.
Key Drivers of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Solar light can be considered a new energy source for desalination of water, primarily in offshore applications. Rising concerns related to climate change, carbon emissions, rapid growth of human population, and contamination of water resources lead to requirement for more amount of fresh water for both commercial and domestic usage.
Growing environment-related concerns and rising usage of clean energy substitutes are estimated to be key factors driving the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
Government policies and initiatives favoring the installation of solar water desalination plant units are projected to provide immense opportunities to the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
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Restraints of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
A large amount of concentrated brine is discharged from saline water desalination plants. This brine is not only salt concentrated, but it also contains chemicals such as anti-scaling agents from pre- and post-treatment. This results in high salt concentration in the area near the brine discharge point. Thus, brine disposal is an issue that challenges all desalination technologies.
Efficiency of solar water desalination plant systems is purely governed by preferably high rates of heat and mass transfer during evaporation and condensation. Thus, surfaces need to be properly designed within planned objectives in terms of heat transfer efficiency, economy, and reliability.
Also, Condensation heat is valuable, as a large amount of solar energy is required to evaporate water and generate saturated, vapor-laden hot air. This amount of solar energy gets transferred to the condenser's surface during condensation. However, in most forms of solar stills, this heat of condensation is expelled from the system as waste heat.
Solar-powered desalination plant installation is highly energy intensive and costly, which makes it economically unfeasible for large- and small-scale installations
Major Developments
In October 2019, REvivED Water consortium and Trunz, in their pilot plant, conducted tests by using the combination of electro dialysis (ED), reverse electro dialysis (RED), and reverse osmosis (RO) for improving the efficiency of solar seawater desalination
In July 2019, researchers from Rice University in the U.S. used 'inexpensive plastic lenses' to concentrate sunlight and create 'hot spots' on solar-powered desalination systems
In April 2019, Niti Aayog announced that India’s first solar-powered desalination plant would be set up in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Under this project, India has planned to build desalination plants along the 7800-kilometer coastline of Tamil Nadu.
In November 2018, a symbolic foundation stone for the 5,200-m3/d desalination facility, which would located on the Red Sea coast at Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, was laid by King Salman during his visit to King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Under this project, Saudi Arabia has planned to build a solar-powered desalination plant by using the adsorption technology.
Middle East & Africa to Hold a Major Share of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Based on region, the global solar water desalination plant market can be classified into North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa
Middle East & Africa is likely to dominate the global market during the forecast period. High investments, especially in North Africa, as well as technological advancements are driving the market in the region.
Moreover, favorable government initiatives in GCC and Africa have prompted leading global players to invest in these sub-regions
The market in the Middle East is likely to witness significant growth between 2019 and 2027, as more number of oil- and gas-based economies have turned toward the desalination sector
Leading players in Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia are also interested in using solar power as an alternative to carry out reverse-osmosis desalination, which uses electricity to pump saline water through membrane filters
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Key Players Operating in Global Market
Some of the key players operating in the global solar water desalination plant market are:
Photon Energy Systems Limited
Solar Water Solutions Ltd
Tesla
Sterlitech Corporation
Sinovoltaics Group
Trunz Water Systems AG
AMP
Elemental Water Makers B.V.
F CUBED LIMITED
Photon Energy Systems Ltd.
Waaree Energies Ltd.
Water Office
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Membrane Process
Solar-powered Reverse Osmosis
Membrane Distillation
Electro-dialysis and Electro-dialysis Reversal
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Method
Solar-powered Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) Desalination
Solar Diffusion Driven Desalination
Solar Membrane Distillation
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) -based Desalination
Solar Pond Distillation
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Region
U.S.
Canada
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Spain
Russia & CIS
Rest of Europe
China
Japan
India
ASEAN
Rest of Asia Pacific
Brazil
Mexico
Rest of Latin America
GCC
South Africa
Rest of Middle East & Africa
This study by TMR is all-encompassing framework of the dynamics of the market. It mainly comprises critical assessment of consumers' or customers' journeys, current and emerging avenues, and strategic framework to enable CXOs take effective decisions.
Our key underpinning is the 4-Quadrant Framework EIRS that offers detailed visualization of four elements:
Customer Experience Maps
Insights and Tools based on data-driven research
Actionable Results to meet all the business priorities
Strategic Frameworks to boost the growth journey
The study strives to evaluate the current and future growth prospects, untapped avenues, factors shaping their revenue potential, and demand and consumption patterns in the global market by breaking it into region-wise assessment.
The following regional segments are covered comprehensively:
North America
Asia Pacific
Europe
Latin America
The Middle East and Africa
The EIRS quadrant framework in the report sums up our wide spectrum of data-driven research and advisory for CXOs to help them make better decisions for their businesses and stay as leaders.
Below is a snapshot of these quadrants.
1. Customer Experience Map
The study offers an in-depth assessment of various customers’ journeys pertinent to the market and its segments. It offers various customer impressions about the products and service use. The analysis takes a closer look at their pain points and fears across various customer touchpoints. The consultation and business intelligence solutions will help interested stakeholders, including CXOs, define customer experience maps tailored to their needs. This will help them aim at boosting customer engagement with their brands.
2. Insights and Tools
The various insights in the study are based on elaborate cycles of primary and secondary research the analysts engage with during the course of research. The analysts and expert advisors at TMR adopt industry-wide, quantitative customer insights tools and market projection methodologies to arrive at results, which makes them reliable. The study not just offers estimations and projections, but also an uncluttered evaluation of these figures on the market dynamics. These insights merge data-driven research framework with qualitative consultations for business owners, CXOs, policy makers, and investors. The insights will also help their customers overcome their fears.
3. Actionable Results
The findings presented in this study by TMR are an indispensable guide for meeting all business priorities, including mission-critical ones. The results when implemented have shown tangible benefits to business stakeholders and industry entities to boost their performance. The results are tailored to fit the individual strategic framework. The study also illustrates some of the recent case studies on solving various problems by companies they faced in their consolidation journey.
4. Strategic Frameworks
The study equips businesses and anyone interested in the market to frame broad strategic frameworks. This has become more important than ever, given the current uncertainty due to COVID-19. The study deliberates on consultations to overcome various such past disruptions and foresees new ones to boost the preparedness. The frameworks help businesses plan their strategic alignments for recovery from such disruptive trends. Further, analysts at TMR helps you break down the complex scenario and bring resiliency in uncertain times.
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The report sheds light on various aspects and answers pertinent questions on the market. Some of the important ones are:
1. What can be the best investment choices for venturing into new product and service lines?
2. What value propositions should businesses aim at while making new research and development funding?
3. Which regulations will be most helpful for stakeholders to boost their supply chain network?
4. Which regions might see the demand maturing in certain segments in near future?
5. What are the some of the best cost optimization strategies with vendors that some well-entrenched players have gained success with?
6. Which are the key perspectives that the C-suite are leveraging to move businesses to new growth trajectory?
7. Which government regulations might challenge the status of key regional markets?
8. How will the emerging political and economic scenario affect opportunities in key growth areas?
9. What are some of the value-grab opportunities in various segments?
10. What will be the barrier to entry for new players in the market?
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technogeekstmr · 4 years
Text
Solar Water Desalination Plant Market - Size Estimation, Business Overview, Industry Statistics, Trends, Growth, Share, Demand and Forecast 2027- TMR
Solar Water Desalination Plants: Introduction
A solar water desalination plant produces potable water from saline water through direct or indirect methods of desalination powered by sunlight
The design of a direct (or a passive) plant unit, generically called a solar still, can be quite simple
Solar water desalination plants are powered solely by solar energy. Hence, weather conditions and variable solar intensity led by shifting position of the sun throughout the day can negatively impact the efficiency of these plants.
The heat that drives the desalination process can also be provided by large arrays of sunlight-concentrating mirrors. However, it is expensive to manufacture and install those mirrors.
Factors such as technical simplicity, low maintenance requirements, and ease of operation are highly important for successful installation of distributed solar powered desalination plant systems.
Key Drivers of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Solar light can be considered a new energy source for desalination of water, primarily in offshore applications. Rising concerns related to climate change, carbon emissions, rapid growth of human population, and contamination of water resources lead to requirement for more amount of fresh water for both commercial and domestic usage.
Growing environment-related concerns and rising usage of clean energy substitutes are estimated to be key factors driving the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
Government policies and initiatives favoring the installation of solar water desalination plant units are projected to provide immense opportunities to the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
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Restraints of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
A large amount of concentrated brine is discharged from saline water desalination plants. This brine is not only salt concentrated, but it also contains chemicals such as anti-scaling agents from pre- and post-treatment. This results in high salt concentration in the area near the brine discharge point. Thus, brine disposal is an issue that challenges all desalination technologies.
Efficiency of solar water desalination plant systems is purely governed by preferably high rates of heat and mass transfer during evaporation and condensation. Thus, surfaces need to be properly designed within planned objectives in terms of heat transfer efficiency, economy, and reliability.
Also, Condensation heat is valuable, as a large amount of solar energy is required to evaporate water and generate saturated, vapor-laden hot air. This amount of solar energy gets transferred to the condenser’s surface during condensation. However, in most forms of solar stills, this heat of condensation is expelled from the system as waste heat.
Solar-powered desalination plant installation is highly energy intensive and costly, which makes it economically unfeasible for large- and small-scale installations
Major Developments
In October 2019, REvivED Water consortium and Trunz, in their pilot plant, conducted tests by using the combination of electro dialysis (ED), reverse electro dialysis (RED), and reverse osmosis (RO) for improving the efficiency of solar seawater desalination
In July 2019, researchers from Rice University in the U.S. used ‘inexpensive plastic lenses’ to concentrate sunlight and create ‘hot spots’ on solar-powered desalination systems
In April 2019, Niti Aayog announced that India’s first solar-powered desalination plant would be set up in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Under this project, India has planned to build desalination plants along the 7800-kilometer coastline of Tamil Nadu.
In November 2018, a symbolic foundation stone for the 5,200-m3/d desalination facility, which would located on the Red Sea coast at Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, was laid by King Salman during his visit to King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Under this project, Saudi Arabia has planned to build a solar-powered desalination plant by using the adsorption technology.
Middle East & Africa to Hold a Major Share of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Based on region, the global solar water desalination plant market can be classified into North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa
Middle East & Africa is likely to dominate the global market during the forecast period. High investments, especially in North Africa, as well as technological advancements are driving the market in the region.
Moreover, favorable government initiatives in GCC and Africa have prompted leading global players to invest in these sub-regions
The market in the Middle East is likely to witness significant growth between 2019 and 2027, as more number of oil- and gas-based economies have turned toward the desalination sector
Leading players in Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia are also interested in using solar power as an alternative to carry out reverse-osmosis desalination, which uses electricity to pump saline water through membrane filters
Looking for Regional Analysis or Competitive Landscape in Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, ask for a customized report
Key Players Operating in Global Market
Some of the key players operating in the global solar water desalination plant market are:
Photon Energy Systems Limited
Solar Water Solutions Ltd
Tesla
Sterlitech Corporation
Sinovoltaics Group
Trunz Water Systems AG
AMP
Elemental Water Makers B.V.
F CUBED LIMITED
Photon Energy Systems Ltd.
Waaree Energies Ltd.
Water Office
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Membrane Process
Solar-powered Reverse Osmosis
Membrane Distillation
Electro-dialysis and Electro-dialysis Reversal
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Method
Solar-powered Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) Desalination
Solar Diffusion Driven Desalination
Solar Membrane Distillation
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) -based Desalination
Solar Pond Distillation
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Region
North America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Middle East & Africa
U.S.
Canada
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Spain
Russia & CIS
Rest of Europe
China
Japan
India
ASEAN
Rest of Asia Pacific
Brazil
Mexico
Rest of Latin America
GCC
South Africa
Rest of Middle East & Africa
The report offers a comprehensive evaluation of the market. It does so via in-depth qualitative insights, historical data, and verifiable projections about market size. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions. By doing so, the research report serves as a repository of analysis and information for every facet of the market, including but not limited to: Regional markets, technology, types, and applications.
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Our reports are single-point solutions for businesses to grow, evolve, and mature. Our real-time data collection methods along with ability to track more than one million high growth niche products are aligned with your aims. The detailed and proprietary statistical models used by our analysts offer insights for making right decision in the shortest span of time. For organizations that require specific but comprehensive information, we offer customized solutions through adhocreports. These requests are delivered with the perfect combination of right sense of fact-oriented problem solving methodologies and leveraging existing data repositories.
TMR believes that unison of solutions for clients-specific problems with right methodology of research is the key tohelp enterprises reach right decision.”
Contact
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elriz · 7 years
Photo
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I was nominated by Arli @findinglions​, through her other blog, Quiet Maria, for this award. Thanks!
Here are the rules:
Put the logo/image on your blog.
List the rules.
Thank the person who nominated you and link their blog.
Mention the creator of the award and link their blog.
Tell your reader 3 things about yourself.
You have to nominate 10-20 people.
Notify your nominees by commenting on their blog.
Ask your nominees 5 questions of your choice; with one weird or funny question.
Share a link to your best post(s)
What is the Mystery Blogger Award?
“Mystery Blogger Award” is an award for amazing bloggers with ingenious posts. Their blog not only captivates; it inspires and motivates. They are one of the best out there, and they deserve every recognition they get. This award is also for bloggers who find fun and inspiration in blogging; and they do it with so much love and passion. –  Okoto Enigma Thank you for creating this award! – https://www.okotoenigmasblog.com/my-greatest-creation-yet/
Three Things About Me
I am a Filipino working here in Saudi Arabia since 2011. I was young-ish back then and going here was sudden and wasn’t really part of my immediate plans in life, but I thought it was a good opportunity.
I used to be into aquarium keeping. I was really passionate about it --it’s the only thing I can use the word ‘passionate’ with. I would spend lots of time tending aquatic plants, ‘gardening/landscaping’ the aquarium, or simply watching my fish, shrimps, and snails swim/crawl. Unfortunately, it had to end when I moved here.
(Not really an about me) I’ve been in Yanbu for almost four years and anytime soon (like, in a few days) I could be asked to fly back to Al Khobar for a new assignment. (That’s also why I’ve been a bit busy, decluttering, preparing things.)
5 Questions from Quiet Maria
1. What song currently describes your hopes in this life? Feel free to share the lyrics. 
Stay Alive by Jose Gonzalez. 
There’s a rhythm in rush these days Where the lights don’t move and the colors don’t fade Leaves you empty with nothing but dreams In a world gone shallow In a world gone lean But there is a truth and it’s on our side Dawn is coming open your eyes Look into the sun as a new days rise 
2. If you are the answer, what is the question? (This was something we were asked – and we asked – on interviews for aspiring student journalists in our official publication in college!)
Whoa, this is difficult! Pass!
3. Share something funny about what happened on a recent or past trip you took – something you cannot ever forget until today!
My life is too dull I can’t even give an answer! Nothing I can remember that is funny. :(
4. If Present You could meet the You 10 years ago but for only just 10 seconds, what would you say to this person?
‘Take it easy. Don’t overthink. Love your family more. You’ll be fine.’
5. Share something that you want to thank God for currently.
I am grateful for the relationships that I have. The physical and mental strength that I have. And most of all, for simply waking up each day.
My Best Post:
It’s not easy to choose as my posts are mostly ‘photographs only’ and very few contain substantial ‘content’. But here’s a selection:
1. Red Sea Sunset gif, for having the most number of notes in all my posts:
http://elriz.com/post/99904340617/yanbu-al-nabah-twenty-seven-still-images-each-at
2. A House in Manila, my first post ot be featured on the tumblr radar back in 2011:
http://elriz.com/post/3892350369/a-house-in-manila-about-two-meters-wide-and-11
3. These baby grasshoppers that I found randomly on a tree in UP Diliman:
http://elriz.com/post/42633486003/closer-shot-of-the-babies
4. The Strangers Project Series where I photographed strangers and gave them prints: http://elriz.com/tagged/strangers-project
5. The Desert Up Close Series, simply because I miss the desert and taking mobile close-ups: http://elriz.com/tagged/desert-up-close
I hope it’s fine to skip tagging/nominating this time. Thanks again for including me in the list on your post, Arli. 
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techsciresearch · 2 years
Text
Saudi Arabia Cement market to witness Steady Growth till 2026
Rise in construction activities and growing economy is expected to drive the Saudi Arabia Cement market in the forecast period.
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According to TechSci Research report, “Saudi Arabia Cement Market By Type (Portland, Blended, Others) By Application (Residential, Commercial, Infrastructure, Industrial and Institutional), By Region, Company Forecast & Opportunities, 2026”, The Saudi Arabia Cement market is expected to witness steady growth in the next five years. Cement is one of the crucial key materials used in the construction process. Cement is manufactured by using raw materials such as limestone, sand, and clay which are widely available in Saudi Arabia. Cement is used as a binding agent for concrete, mortar, stucco, among others. Also, the availability of affordable petroleum fuel lowers the cost of cement manufacturing. The production costs associated with cement manufacturing are expected to witness a surge in the forecast period owing to the cut in energy subsidies. To optimize the growing costs, cement manufacturers and key players are investing in new infrastructure projects which aids in lower power consumption. Installation of advanced equipment integrated with advanced technology is expected to enhance the quality of the cement produced meanwhile improving the overall efficiency and performance of the equipment used for the cement production. An increase in the construction activity in residential, commercial, industrial, and institutional sectors is the major driving factor for the market growth. Increasing construction of airports and road construction projects is fueling the demand for the cement market in the next five years. Ongoing metro projects such as Riyadh Metro to increase the connectivity between different regions of the country and make traveling easier and convenient for the individuals is expected to foster the growth of the cement market. With the growing population, the demand for public infrastructure and non-residential buildings including schools, hospitals, among others contributed to fuel the growth of the cement market.
The COVID-19 outbreak across the world which has been declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization has affected countries adversely. Leading authorities of Saudi Arabia imposed lockdown restrictions and released a set of precautionary measures to contain the spread of novel coronavirus. Coronavirus-affected patients started suffering from shortness of breath along with coughing and sneezing. Due to the ongoing pandemic, the construction activities were temporarily stopped. Workers migrated back to their native places which led to a shortage of workforce during this period. Also, due to strict regulations, disruption in the supply chain was observed which adversely affected the cement market growth.
However, environmental regulations restricting lower emission of carbon may hamper the Cement market growth in the forecast period.
Browse XX Figures spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on "Saudi Arabia Cement Market”.
https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/saudi-arabia-cement-market/8034.html
Saudi Arabia Cement market is segmented into type, application, regional distribution, and company. Based on application, the market can be divided into residential, commercial, infrastructure, industrial and institutional. The infrastructure segment is expected to witness growth in the forecast period, 2022-2026. The growing need for infrastructural developments of malls, airports, transport, healthcare, education, roads, dams, among others is the driving factor for this segment. Huge expenditure by the government and promotional initiatives by the leading authorities is also contributing to accelerate the market growth.
Arabian Cement Company, Saudi Cement, Yanbu Cement Company, Yamama Saudi Cement Company, Southern Province Cement Company. Najran Cement Company, Kiran Saudi Arabia Chems, Alkifah Building Materials Company, Qassim Cement Company, Saudi White Cement Co and Riyadh Cement Co are the leading players operating in Saudi Arabia Cement market. Manufacturers are increasingly focusing on research and development process to fuel higher growth in the market. To meet evolving customer demand with respect to better efficiency and durability, several Cement manufacturers are coming up with their technologically advanced offerings.
Download Sample Report @ https://www.techsciresearch.com/sample-report.aspx?cid=8034
Customers can also request for 10% free customization on this report.
“The rise in the adoption of green cement for construction activities to construct eco-friendly and sustainable buildings is expected to influence market growth. Green cement is manufactured by using a carbon-negative manufacturing technique that aids in minimizing pollution by reducing the carbon footprint thereby is expected to witness substantial growth in the next five years. Also, the strong economic position of Saudi Arabia coupled with construction projects such as Saudi Vision 2030 and Neom City construction is expected to propel the growth of the cement market till 2026” said Mr. Karan Chechi, Research Director with TechSci Research, a global research-based management consulting firm.
“Saudi Arabia Cement Market By Type (Portland, Blended, Others) By Application (Residential, Commercial, Infrastructure, Industrial and Institutional), By Region, Company Forecast & Opportunities, 2026” has evaluated the future growth potential of Saudi Arabia Cement market and provided statistics & information on market size, shares, structure and future market growth. The report intends to provide cutting-edge market intelligence and help decision makers take sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the emerging trends along with essential drivers, challenges, and opportunities in the of Saudi Arabia Cement market.
Press Release : https://www.techsciresearch.com/news/6605-saudi-arabia-cement-market.html
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Saudi Ship Facing Arms Protests Leaves Spanish Port
Spanish arms control activists say a Saudi ship they suspect is carrying weapons for possible use in Yemen has left the port of Santander and is on its way to Genoa, Italy. Spanish arms control activists say a Saudi ship they suspect is carrying weapons for possible use in Yemen has left the port of Santander and is on its way to Genoa, Italy. Alberto Estevez of the Control Arms Coalition of human rights and aid groups, which is trying to stop arms reaching conflict zones, has told The Associated Press that the Bahri Yanbu cargo ship left the northern Spanish port Monday after loading two containers. Spanish government officials had no immediate comment. The ship was due to pick up weapons when it arrived in France last Friday but apparently left without doing so amid protests and legal challenges. Countries are under pressure not to send arms to Saudi Arabia, amid concerns they are being used against civilians in Yemen. from Blogger http://bit.ly/2E7MRzU via IFTTT
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technogeekstmr · 4 years
Text
Solar Water Desalination Plant Market Size, Growth Estimation, Sales Projection, Emerging Trends and Segmentation By 2027
Solar Water Desalination Plants: Introduction
A solar water desalination plant produces potable water from saline water through direct or indirect methods of desalination powered by sunlight
The design of a direct (or a passive) plant unit, generically called a solar still, can be quite simple
Solar water desalination plants are powered solely by solar energy. Hence, weather conditions and variable solar intensity led by shifting position of the sun throughout the day can negatively impact the efficiency of these plants.
The heat that drives the desalination process can also be provided by large arrays of sunlight-concentrating mirrors. However, it is expensive to manufacture and install those mirrors.
Factors such as technical simplicity, low maintenance requirements, and ease of operation are highly important for successful installation of distributed solar powered desalination plant systems.
Key Drivers of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Solar light can be considered a new energy source for desalination of water, primarily in offshore applications. Rising concerns related to climate change, carbon emissions, rapid growth of human population, and contamination of water resources lead to requirement for more amount of fresh water for both commercial and domestic usage.
Growing environment-related concerns and rising usage of clean energy substitutes are estimated to be key factors driving the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
Government policies and initiatives favoring the installation of solar water desalination plant units are projected to provide immense opportunities to the global solar water desalination plant market during the forecast period
Are you a start-up willing to make it big in the business? Grab an exclusive PDF Brochure of this report
Restraints of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
A large amount of concentrated brine is discharged from saline water desalination plants. This brine is not only salt concentrated, but it also contains chemicals such as anti-scaling agents from pre- and post-treatment. This results in high salt concentration in the area near the brine discharge point. Thus, brine disposal is an issue that challenges all desalination technologies.
Efficiency of solar water desalination plant systems is purely governed by preferably high rates of heat and mass transfer during evaporation and condensation. Thus, surfaces need to be properly designed within planned objectives in terms of heat transfer efficiency, economy, and reliability.
Also, Condensation heat is valuable, as a large amount of solar energy is required to evaporate water and generate saturated, vapor-laden hot air. This amount of solar energy gets transferred to the condenser’s surface during condensation. However, in most forms of solar stills, this heat of condensation is expelled from the system as waste heat.
Solar-powered desalination plant installation is highly energy intensive and costly, which makes it economically unfeasible for large- and small-scale installations
Major Developments
In October 2019, REvivED Water consortium and Trunz, in their pilot plant, conducted tests by using the combination of electro dialysis (ED), reverse electro dialysis (RED), and reverse osmosis (RO) for improving the efficiency of solar seawater desalination
In July 2019, researchers from Rice University in the U.S. used ‘inexpensive plastic lenses’ to concentrate sunlight and create ‘hot spots’ on solar-powered desalination systems
In April 2019, Niti Aayog announced that India’s first solar-powered desalination plant would be set up in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. Under this project, India has planned to build desalination plants along the 7800-kilometer coastline of Tamil Nadu.
In November 2018, a symbolic foundation stone for the 5,200-m3/d desalination facility, which would located on the Red Sea coast at Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, was laid by King Salman during his visit to King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Under this project, Saudi Arabia has planned to build a solar-powered desalination plant by using the adsorption technology.
Middle East & Africa to Hold a Major Share of Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market
Based on region, the global solar water desalination plant market can be classified into North America, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa
Middle East & Africa is likely to dominate the global market during the forecast period. High investments, especially in North Africa, as well as technological advancements are driving the market in the region.
Moreover, favorable government initiatives in GCC and Africa have prompted leading global players to invest in these sub-regions
The market in the Middle East is likely to witness significant growth between 2019 and 2027, as more number of oil- and gas-based economies have turned toward the desalination sector
Leading players in Abu Dhabi, Saudi Arabia are also interested in using solar power as an alternative to carry out reverse-osmosis desalination, which uses electricity to pump saline water through membrane filters
Looking for Regional Analysis or Competitive Landscape in Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, ask for a customized report
Key Players Operating in Global Market
Some of the key players operating in the global solar water desalination plant market are:
Photon Energy Systems Limited
Solar Water Solutions Ltd
Tesla
Sterlitech Corporation
Sinovoltaics Group
Trunz Water Systems AG
AMP
Elemental Water Makers B.V.
F CUBED LIMITED
Photon Energy Systems Ltd.
Waaree Energies Ltd.
Water Office
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Membrane Process
Solar-powered Reverse Osmosis
Membrane Distillation
Electro-dialysis and Electro-dialysis Reversal
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Method
Solar-powered Humidification-Dehumidification (HDH) Desalination
Solar Diffusion Driven Desalination
Solar Membrane Distillation
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) -based Desalination
Solar Pond Distillation
Global Solar Water Desalination Plant Market, by Region
North America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Middle East & Africa
U.S.
Canada
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Spain
Russia & CIS
Rest of Europe
China
Japan
India
ASEAN
Rest of Asia Pacific
Brazil
Mexico
Rest of Latin America
GCC
South Africa
Rest of Middle East & Africa
The report offers a comprehensive evaluation of the market. It does so via in-depth qualitative insights, historical data, and verifiable projections about market size. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions. By doing so, the research report serves as a repository of analysis and information for every facet of the market, including but not limited to: Regional markets, technology, types, and applications.
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About Us
Transparency Market Research is a next-generation market intelligence provider, offering fact-based solutions to business leaders, consultants, and strategy professionals.
Our reports are single-point solutions for businesses to grow, evolve, and mature. Our real-time data collection methods along with ability to track more than one million high growth niche products are aligned with your aims. The detailed and proprietary statistical models used by our analysts offer insights for making right decision in the shortest span of time. For organizations that require specific but comprehensive information, we offer customized solutions through adhocreports. These requests are delivered with the perfect combination of right sense of fact-oriented problem solving methodologies and leveraging existing data repositories.
TMR believes that unison of solutions for clients-specific problems with right methodology of research is the key tohelp enterprises reach right decision.”
Contact
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businessreadernews · 5 years
Text
7 Reasons To Invest In Saudi Arabia
why you should invest in saudi arabia
why to invest in saudi arabia 
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Saudi Arabia is considered economically a strategic location to start a business for industrial sectors. Saudi Arabia has great comparative & competitive advantages in terms of the following aspects:
Plentiful, readily available natural resources, raw materials and energy needed for manufacturing and industrial development (contrasting with the shortages and rising prices found in many other countries).
A welcoming home and efficient springboard for energy-intensive industries such as minerals and metal processing, automotive production, and petrochemical industries.
A thriving, fast-growing industrial sector (one of the largest in MENA & globally).
The largest economy and market in MENA, and 23rd largest in the world
A strategic location at the crossroads of Europe, Africa and Asia
Strategic Location 
Strategically located at the crossroads of three continents - Asia, Africa and Europe - the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the world’s most important commercial, trading and religious hubs. Saudi Arabia is the largest market in Middle East-North Africa. An economic powerhouse itself, Saudi Arabia also stands at the heart of a fast-growing region of over 424 million consumers. On a wider level, Saudi Arabia serves as a stable economic and political platform, and efficient launch-pad, to the more than 2 billion consumers who live within three hours by air. Saudi Arabia shares its borders with eight countries: Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, Oman and Yemen. It is also bordered by the Red Sea to the west and by the Arabian Gulf to the north-east, two of the world’s busiest shipping routes.
Natural Resources 
Covering 2 million km², Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East and the 14th largest country in the world. Saudi Arabia’s size and geology make it rich in minerals, oil, gas, key raw materials for manufacturing and industrial development. Saudi Arabia has the largest mineral deposits in the Middle East. In the west of the country, the Arabian Shield is a major source of precious and basic minerals such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, chromium, manganese, tungsten, lead, tin, Aluminium and iron. Mainly in the east, extensive sedimentary formations contain industrial minerals such as gypsum, feldspar, mica, Sulphur and salt. Saudi Arabia is also a source of highly prized rare earth elements such as tantalum - for which it has a quarter of the world’s reserves - and niobium. Saudi Arabia,s deeper sedimentary formations contain most of its 266.4 billion barrels of proven and recoverable oil. This vast natural resource represents up to 22% of global oil reserves, more than any other country. Saudi Arabia oil production began in 1933 and oil exports in 1939. Some eight decades later, Saudi Arabia has enough oil to last another 80 years at today’s extraction rate of 10.2 million barrels a day. Each day Saudi Arabia extracts over 7.5 billion standard cubic feet of natural gas. More than 8588 billion m³ of natural gas are available.
Government Incentives for Industrial Investors 
Industrial investors in Saudi Arabia enjoy all the benefits, incentives, guarantees and support offered to local companies by the government.
Regulatory incentives 
Saudi Arabia constantly improves investment environment major regulatory incentives including
Equal benefits, incentives and guarantees for foreign investors and domestic companies.
100% property ownership for foreign investors.
The ability for foreign investors to sponsor foreign employees.
The promotion of Saudi non-oil exports by the Saudi Export Development Authority.
Limited Liability Companies are not required to Minimum Capital.
Low-cost lands leasing in 34 MODON cities and King Abdullah Economic City, and Royal Commission Industrial zones Jubail, Yanbu & Jazan Economic City.
Competitive industrial utility rates for Water, Gas, Power and Land.
Customs duties exemption on imported machinery, equipment, raw materials and spare parts if they are for industrial use.
Few restrictions on currency conversion, exchanges and transfers.
Preferential treatment for national products in Saudi government procurement.
Financial incentives
Low-cost loans from the Saudi Industrial Development Fund, Public Investment Fund and Saudi Industrial Investments Company.
Benefit from corporative/collateral and massive agreements regarding taxation and investment with other countries.
Export credit, financing, guarantees and insurance through the Saudi Export Program.
No personal income tax, no valueadded tax, no sales tax, no land tax and no property tax.
Taxes are 20% from total profits on companies.
Duty drawback, a customs refund for raw material imports that are processed and exported as finished goods.
Full repatriation of capital, profit and dividends allowed, subject to a 5% withholding tax.
Financial support for the training and employment of Saudis by Human Resources Development Fund, where HRDF contributes in Saudi employees training cost and salaries for a couple of years.
Specific tax incentives 
Saudi government is offering conditioned extra incentives to investors in specific regions (Hail, Northern Border, Jazan, Al-Jouf, Najran, Al-Baha) the incentives include:
Up to 50% tax credit on Saudi national worker’s payroll & training cost for 10 years.
Up to 75% Capital investment funding & 20 years’ maximum loan term.
A one time industrial capital investment credit of 15% carried forward up to 10 years.
Logistics & Accessibility to Saudi Arabia:
Seaports 
Saudi Arabia has the largest marine network in the Middle East, consisting of ten ports (six of which arecontainer ports):
King Abdulaziz Seaport
Jubail Commercial Port
King Fahad Jubail Industrial Port
Ras Al-Khair Port
Jizan Port
Jeddah Islamic Port
Dhiba Port
Yanbu Commercial Port
King Fahad Yanbu Industrial Port
King Abdullah Port at KAEC
All ports are managed, operated and maintained by private sector companies under long term contracts. As part of Saudi Arabia’s export development initiatives, it makes exemption of export goods from storage fees for 10 days and 50 percent reduction in port fees on all exports. www.ports.gov.sa
Road Network 
Total length of roads maintained by the Ministry of Transport in 2014 is 627000 km, of which 151000 km were main roads linking major regions of Saudi Arabia with international borders and serving major urban area, 102000 km secondary roads linking major cities with regions and 374000 km feeder roads branching out of secondary roads and serving towns, villages & agricultural area. Total roads under construction stood at 204000 km at the end of fiscal year 2014. For more information, visit the Ministry of Transportation website: www.mot.gov.sa 
Air Travel 
There are 27 airports across Saudi Arabia of which four, at Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, and Al-Madinah Al- Munawarah, are international. In 2015, over 81 million passengers passed through Saudi Arabia with rising of 9.5% from 2014, with aircraft operations reaching 646,693 in number. Cargo & mail handled was 1.16 Million tons with rising of 14.1% over the preceding year, Air travel is the preferred method of passenger travel within Saudi Arabia, because of the distances separating the main cities. Several major international airlines offer services in and out of Saudi Arabia. More information about Airports in Saudi Arabia available at General Authority of Civil Aviation: www.gaca.gov.sa 
Railways 
The Saudi Railways Organization (SRO) provides services over a network of 1,423 kilometers of track between Dammam and Riyadh, either direct or via Abqaiq and Hofuf, with branch lines to Dammam Port, Dhahran, Al-Judaidah, Ain Haradh and Al-Kharj. SRO carries 1.1 million passengers and handles over 3.4 million tons of cargo annually. Planned expansions of the railway network included new track from Riyadh to Jeddah, from Al-Jalamid phosphate deposit in the far North Via Hail and Buraidah to Riyadh, between Dammam and Jubail and between the bauxite deposit at Al-Zubirah and Jubail. More information about Saudi Railway organizationis available at www.saudirailways.org The total investment for the development of the railway network 2005 - 2040 is estimated at USD 100 bn. The Saudi Railways Company (SAR) has been founded to provide transportation services for the passengers, minerals and general freights.
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hudsonespie · 4 years
Text
Silver Spirit Cruise Ship Arrives in Saudi Arabia to Resume Cruises
Silversea Cruises’ ship the Silver Spirit arrived in the Saudi Arabian port of Dhiba on August 23 as she prepares to become the next cruise ship to return to service. The luxury cruise ship will be operating as part of an effort to promote domestic tourism in Saudi Arabia.
The first cruise ship owned by the Royal Caribbean Group to return to service, the Silver Spirit arrived in the Saudi port to refuel after transiting the Suez Canal during her repositioning voyage from the Mediterranean. The schedule calls for her to embark the first passengers on August 27. She will be operating from the King Abdullah port on a series of 3- and 4-day cruises in the Red Sea with stops including the port of Yanbu.
Silver Spirit docked in Dhiba on August 23, 2020 - courtesy of Saudi Ports Authority
These unique summer cruises are part of a campaign organized by the Saudi Tourism Authority (STA) to encourage Saudi residents to explore domestic travel instead of international vacations due to the global pandemic. Reporting that more than half of all Saudis were concerned about international plane travel but that 85 percent still wanted a summer vacation, the STA launched its “Saudi Summer” campaign on June 25 to encourage domestic travel. The program lasts until September 30.
According to the STA, the cruises will highlight the wider array of natural and cultural sights on the Saudi Red Sea coast while also providing residents a safe summer travel option. The 39,500 gross ton cruise ship with just 300 suites was selected for the program because of her luxury styles and passenger amenities.   The cruises are only available to Saudi residents as the Kingdom continues to have travel restrictions on international travel due to the coronavirus.  
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dailykhaleej · 4 years
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How Saudi Arabia’s founder brought fresh water to Jeddah and ushered in a modern Kingdom
LONDON: At first look, £17,500 would possibly appear to be a steep worth to ask for the small purple leatherette pockets, measuring simply 15 by 20 cm, dated December 1948 and bearing the seemingly uninspiring legend “City of Jeddah water supply.”
However in truth, as a distinctive file of one of the vital infrastructure tasks from the early years of Saudi Arabia, the pockets — containing 5 traditionally vital hand-colored maps and plans — is a priceless memento of a key second in the transformation of the Kingdom into a modern state.
Just one instance of the set is understood to exist. Marked “To A.A. from D.R.B.,” it’s believed to have been a present from the British engineer David Ross Balfour to Ahmad Ashmawi, the Saudi-born assistant director of the transformative Jeddah water venture.
On the inauguration ceremony in 1947, it was Ashmawi who offered the scheme to Crown Prince Saud bin Abdul Aziz, the son of the Kingdom’s founder Ibn Saud, on behalf of his employer, the British firm Gellatly, Hankey & Co., which oversaw the venture for the king.
The drawings are being provided on the market by London seller Peter Harrington, which has lengthy specialised in uncommon books from or in regards to the Center East, together with a copy of the hardly ever out there “History of Aziziah Water Supply Juddah, and Glimpses on the Sources of Water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” written by Abdul Qaddous Al-Ansari and revealed in 1972. (Provided)
The drawings are being provided on the market by London seller Peter Harrington, which has lengthy specialised in uncommon books from or in regards to the Center East, together with a copy of the hardly ever out there “History of Aziziah Water Supply Juddah, and Glimpses on the Sources of Water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” written by Abdul Qaddous Al-Ansari and revealed in 1972.
The true significance of the paperwork in the purple pockets, in accordance to Raphael Cormack, a specialist researcher for Peter Harrington Uncommon Books, is that they present the willpower of Ibn Saud to enhance the standard of life for pilgrims to the Hejaz in the early days of the Kingdom.
“Prior to oil, the new Saudi Kingdom depended on revenues from the Hajj,” Cormack advised Arab Information, “and the improvement of facilities for pilgrims in the Hejaz was, therefore, of vital importance.”
Ibn Saud had inherited a creaking 19th-century Ottoman system that equipped water from wells at Al-Waziriya, and from a coal-fired seawater condenser that primarily benefitted the town’s expat neighborhood and those that might afford to pay for its exorbitantly priced water.
Ali bin Hussein, first king of Hejaz, in 1922. (Getty Pictures)
Jeddah was the principle port of entry for hundreds of pilgrims who annually traveled to the Holy Metropolis of Makkah. In accordance to data revealed by the British India Workplace in 1937, 25,291 pilgrims arrived by sea in the Hejaz in 1934, the overwhelming majority touchdown at Jeddah.
Right here, provides of water, offered by seawater condenser, typically stagnant rainwater reservoirs and restricted quantities of nicely water, had been insufficient to meet the pilgrims’ wants.
Some water flowed 12 km from the spring at Al-Waziriya, however checks throughout the autumn of 1933 discovered the pipe to be “decayed and clogged with detritus” and that “the water arrived in the town cistern considerably polluted.”
After a long time of neglect below the more and more impoverished Ottoman empire and years of battle between the Hashemites of Hejaz and the Saudis of the Nejd, Jeddah’s water provide was failing.
Historic home in previous Jeddah, 1935. (Alamy Inventory Photograph)
Ibn Saud lastly defeated the forces of King Hussein’s short-lived Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925, absorbing the territory into the Kingdom of Nejd to kind Saudi Arabia.
From that second the fortunes of Jeddah, and the wellbeing of the hundreds of ship-borne pilgrims who handed by the port on pilgrimage to Madinah and Makkah, started to be remodeled.
The primary consequence of Ibn Saud’s rule, in accordance to “Gellatly’s,” a 1962 historical past of the British firm that helped to convey Ibn Saud’s imaginative and prescient to fruition, was that “tranquillity descended upon the territory around Jeddah … pilgrim routes to Makkah and Madinah were made safe for travelers” and “the law became firm and uniform.”
In accordance to George Blake, the creator of the historical past of the agency, which had been working on each side of the Pink Sea since about 1884, Muslims “revered Ibn Saud as a combination of conqueror and man of impressive religious orthodoxy.”
However the king was additionally to present that “his qualifications had even greater dimensions (as) he sought to improve the prosperity and status of his country in relation to the rest of the world.”
Gellatly’s, which amongst its many enterprises had been working a transport enterprise serving the pilgrimage commerce in Jeddah because the mid-1880s, was well-known to the king.
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TIMELINE
1884: Ottoman authorities start a three-year venture to pipe water to Jeddah from a nicely at Al-Waziriya. It’s quickly sabotaged by house owners of water tanks making the most of Jeddah’s water scarcity.
1907: Ottomans order a seawater filtration machine for Jeddah.
1925: The Hejaz is absorbed into the Kingdom of Ibn Saud.
1927: Jeddah seawater filtration machine breaks down; Ibn Saud imports a new one.
1942: The primary systematic survey of the Kingdom’s pure sources discovers a supply of fresh water in springs in the foothills east of Jeddah in Wadi Fatima.
1946: Ibn Saud orders an bold new water scheme, to be accomplished in time for Hajj in 1947.
1947: Opening of Jeddah’s new water provide is marked by main celebrations.
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The corporate had operated a number of workplaces in the area because the mid-1880s, in Khartoum and alongside the Pink Sea in Jeddah, Suakin, Port Sudan, Massawa and Tokar, and ran a caravanserai (a resthouse for pilgrims arriving by camel caravan) in Jeddah, whereas, as transport brokers, it facilitated the motion of pilgrims by sea.
It had additionally performed a essential half in the early years of Ibn Saud’s unified reign following his absorption of the Hejaz in 1925.
Earlier than oil was struck in 1933, the majority of the federal government’s revenue was derived from the circulation of abroad pilgrims, a precarious income typically affected by occasions past the management of the Saudis, and when occasions grew laborious Gellatly’s was there to prepare loans to tide over Ibn Saud.
It was, subsequently, no shock when in 1946 the king chosen the corporate to play a key function in a main infrastructure venture important to the way forward for the Hajj.
The king’s willpower to see Jeddah served by a modern water provide wouldn’t solely ease the trail of pilgrims certain for the holy cities, however would additionally change Jeddah past recognition, setting it on the right track to turn out to be the main vibrant metropolis it’s at this time.
Though as the closest port to the holy metropolis of Makkah, Jeddah was the pure gateway for pilgrims earlier than the appearance of widespread air journey, lack of fresh water had all the time hampered the growth of the town and the expansion of the pilgrimage trade.
Each had been held hostage by highly effective teams of native businessmen who maintained water tanks across the metropolis and charged exorbitant costs for the usually dangerously filthy contents.
In 1884, the Ottoman authorities launched into a plan to pipe water to Jeddah from a nicely at Al-Waziriya, about 12 km away.
In accordance to a paper revealed in the journal Comparative Research in Society and Historical past in October 2015, it took 3,000 males greater than three years to full the venture.
On its completion in 1888, wrote the creator Michael Low, a specialist in late Ottoman and modern Center Japanese historical past at Iowa State College, Jeddah “was graced by a new ornamental fountain, an ablutions station, a water depot, and a distribution reservoir and it appeared that the city had been rescued from the clutches of its water profiteers.”
However inside two years “it was becoming increasingly difficult to fill the water depot and distribution reservoirs.” The scheme had been sabotaged.
“The spring’s rapid decline was no engineering malfunction; local tank owners, prevented from selling rainwater, had hatched a plot to ‘cancel’ the benefits of Jeddah’s new water supply by purposefully clogging the water pipes.”
The Ottoman authorities turned in desperation to costly seawater filtration machines, two of which had been ordered for Jeddah and Yanbu in 1907.
Each had been up and operating by 1911, however “when the Saudis conquered the short-lived Hashemite Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925, they inherited Jeddah’s chronic water problems.”
Desalinated water, which offered solely a fraction of the town’s every day wants, “was subject to frequent service disruptions.” Shortages of coal — precipitated first by Allied embargoes throughout World Struggle I and then by the combating in the Hejaz in 1924-1925 — led to firewood getting used to energy the Jeddah condenser which, irreparably broken, lastly broke down in 1927.
In 1926 and 1927, Ibn Saud imported two new machines, however distilled water remained an costly luxurious past the pockets of many and “Saudi leaders were desperate to rescue Jeddah from its dependency on condenser and tank water.”
A survey carried out by an American geologist in 1931 discovered “no geological evidence to justify the hope for flowing artesian wells” in the Hejaz, however Ibn Saud refused to quit.
Lastly, in 1942, a US agricultural mission carried out the primary systematic survey of the Kingdom’s water, geological, and agricultural sources — and found a supply of fresh water in a collection of springs in the foothills between 40 and 65 km east of the town in Wadi Fatima.
The surveyors concluded that the newfound supply was “sufficient to relieve Jeddah’s chronic water troubles” and Ibn Saud turned to the British agency Gellatly’s to make it occur.
“One of the interesting things about this project,” defined Cormack, the specialist researcher, “is that it was pushed personally by Abdul Aziz to improve water security in time for the Hajj in 1947.”
It was a race towards time, however it was a race that was gained.
Gellatly’s, in flip, appointed the British civil engineering agency D. Balfour & Sons to design and lead the venture, native contractors Mohammed and Abdullah bin Laden to excavate the trenches, and the Cairo-based Egyptian Firm for Concrete Cement Works to lay the pipes.
David Ross Balfour, chosen to lead the venture for his father’s agency, arrived in Jeddah on Nov. 21, 1946. Because the fantastically drawn plans provided on the market in the purple leatherette case present, Abu Shuaib, the nicely nearest to the town, was the primary to be related, and its water reached Jeddah on Nov. 15, 1947.
A purple leatherette pockets, dated December 1948 and bearing the phrases ‘City of Jeddah water supply,’ captures a key second in Saudi Arabia’s transformation into a modern state.
Success was celebrated simply three days later with a ceremony led by Crown Prince Saud, who would succeed his father in 1953. A whole bunch of native and overseas dignitaries had been current for the celebrations, which included readings from the Qur’an, speeches, poetry, gunfire and a flypast by a formation of Saudi Dakota plane.
The water from different wells was added to the circulation over the next years — full capability was reached in December 1950 — and the influence of the venture was each swift and outstanding, as a colourful passage in George Blake’s 1962 historical past of Gellatly’s recorded.
“Jeddah, partly due to that new and wonderful water supply, has now burst out of its ancient walls,” wrote creator Blake simply 15 years after the historic opening ceremony of Ibn Saud’s transformative waterworks. “They have literally come tumbling down as victims of the horns of plenty.”
Maybe essentially the most intriguing and traditionally vital of the 4 planning paperwork in the presentation set of drawings now on provide is a plan of Jeddah, dated to 1947.
Drawn on a scale of 1:2,500, it reveals in traditionally vital element a now-lost metropolis, comprising a tight-knit configuration of buildings and streets nonetheless contained inside partitions that dated again in some elements to the 16th century.
As the town started quickly to develop, the demolition of these partitions would start in the very 12 months that water lastly flowed into Jeddah from the Wadi Fatima.
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SEARCH FOR OIL AND WATER
As a curious byproduct, Ibn Saud’s seek for water for Jeddah would additionally lead to the invention of one other pure useful resource — one that will rework Saudi Arabia’s fortunes.
In 1930, on the request of Ibn Saud, the New York industrialist and Arabist Charles R. Crane visited Jeddah to see the water downside for himself. Crane then despatched his chief geologist and engineer, Karl Twitchell, who had been engaged on a related venture in Yemen, to perform a survey of the Hejaz’s water sources.
Sadly, this survey, carried out by Twitchell in April 1931, discovered “no geological evidence to justify the hope for flowing artesian wells.”
A plan exhibiting Jeddah’s accomplished water provide system. (Getty Pictures)
In accordance to Michael Low, a specialist in late Ottoman and modern Center Japanese historical past at Iowa State College, “the Saudis had been disenchanted however undaunted.
Recognizing the precariousness of counting on the pilgrimage as their principal income stream, they requested Twitchell to discover various attainable sources of income” — and so it was that the seek for water in the Hejaz opened the door to the transformative miracle of oil.
Twitchell believed there could be industrial portions of oil in the Arabian Peninsula and the remaining, as they are saying, is historical past.
In 1931, Ibn Saud requested the geologist to undertake a survey of Al-Ahsa and the Arabian Gulf coast, and it was there that the American “would encounter the oil-rich environment that would eventually ensure Saudi Arabia’s global might.”
Twitchell’s papers, now held at Princeton College Library, reveal that Ibn Saud feared that by drastically decreasing the variety of pilgrims, the Nice Despair would wreck his plans for growth.
In 1932, he requested Twitchell to discover a US investor to fund oil exploration and, in Could 1933, Saudi Arabia granted a concession to the Customary Oil Firm of California, step one towards the muse of the Arabian American Oil Firm (Aramco), which at this time is the world’s largest oil agency.
Nonetheless, wrote Low in the journal Comparative Research in Society and Historical past in 2015, “this didn’t imply that oil immediately turned the Saudis’ prime precedence.
They nonetheless believed that water was key to their consolidation of the peninsula.” 
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businessliveme · 5 years
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Saudi Oil Fields Are in the Firing Line
(Bloomberg) — Saudi Arabia’s oil fields, responsible for almost a 10th of global crude production, are in the firing line. Recently, they’ve been targeted by air, sea, and land. Flaring tensions in the Gulf have seen some of the world’s biggest crude deposits, along with processing and transport infrastructure and vessels, targeted by explosives-laden drones and bombings.
The threats to the kingdom’s crude production and infrastructure shine a light on the risk to global oil supply given that state-owned Saudi Aramco is the world’s largest exporter. Saudi Arabia’s more than 100 crude deposits contain some 257 billion barrels of proved oil reserves, the world’s biggest conventional finds.
Saudi Arabian Oil Co., as Aramco is officially known, is able to pump as much as 12 million barrels a day. The company produced 10 million barrels daily during the first half of the year, keeping as a policy some 2 million barrels of capacity unused to allow it to react to any supply shortages. Aramco exports 7 million barrels of crude a day, more than any other company. This makes its role as a global swing producer and the security of its oil fields vital to global markets.
About three quarters of Aramco’s daily output come from four main fields: Ghawar, Khurais, Safaniyah and Shaybah. Those main deposits are in the eastern part of the country, either tucked between dunes and below vast expanses of desert or sitting underneath the waters of the Persian Gulf. Most of that crude passes through the Strait of Hormuz, the narrow shipping chokepoint leading out of the Gulf.
Below are descriptions of the main fields:
Ghawar
Production capacity: 3.8 million barrels a day
Crude grade produced: Arab Light
The world’s largest conventional onshore field in terms of reserves and more than 200 kilometers (124 miles) long, according to Aramco
Discovered in 1948 by an American geologist, Ghawar has produced more than half the crude that Aramco has pumped, according to an April bond prospectus
The company’s disclosure of the maximum sustainable capacity of Ghawar in the April prospectus showed output was considerably lower than the 5 million barrels a day many market analysts assumed it was producing
Khurais
Production capacity: 1.45 million barrels a day
Crude grade produced: Arab Light
Discovered in 1957, Aramco completed an expansion plan on the field last year to raise capacity from about 1.2 million barrels a day
Safaniyah
Production capacity: 1.3 million barrels a day
Crude grade produced: Arab Heavy
Found in 1951 and lying mainly beneath Persian Gulf waters, Safaniyah is, according to Aramco, the world’s largest conventional offshore oilfield
Safaniyah stretches into the Neutral Zone, an area shared by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, with the portion of the field located there known as Khafji; Neutral Zone output of about 500,000 barrels a day has been halted for about four years
Shaybah
Production capacity: 1 million barrels a day
Crude grade produced: Arab Extra Light
This is the field which was targeted most recently by Iran-backed Houthi militia from Yemen in an attack using bomb-laden drones
One of Aramco’s most remote, the company constructed roads and an airstrip in the vast Rub Al-Khali desert, an area known as the Empty Quarter, in order to bring the equipment needed to build the facility across towering sand dunes
Discovered in 1968, challenges, including the dunes standing more than 300 meters (984 feet) high and summer temperatures of almost 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit) delayed crude production until 1998; output later expanded
The field holds about 14.3 billion barrels and is linked to the main export terminals by a 645-kilometer (401 miles) pipeline
Manifa
Production capacity: 900,000 barrels a day
Crude grade produced: Arab Heavy
Aramco expanded the offshore field this decade, bringing new oil supplies to markets
To develop Manifa, the company built an archipelago of causeways connecting man-made drilling islands to support equipment while allowing normal flows of currents and sea life
Zuluf
Production capacity: 825,000 barrels a day
Crude Grade Produced: Arab Medium
Other Deposits
Aramco struck oil at the Dammam No. 7 well in 1938 when it was still a joint venture of American companies
The Damman field, located underneath Aramco’s present headquarters campus, is still pumping and the company is currently expanding drilling and production at the deposit
The Marjan and Berri fields are also undergoing expansion projects that will add 550,000 barrels a day of new capacity by 2023, Khalid Al-Dabbagh, senior vice president for finance, said on a conference call this month.
Western Fields
Aramco is drilling for oil and natural gas at fields in the Red Sea
The company is looking for gas at unconventional fields in the northwest of the kingdom to meet regional power demand
Aramco serves most of its western refineries via the 5 million-barrel-a-day East-West pipeline, running from deposits in the Gulf area to Yanbu on the Red Sea; the company is expanding the link to be able to transport 7 million barrels a day by September
The post Saudi Oil Fields Are in the Firing Line appeared first on Businessliveme.com.
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Bolton Says Iranian Naval Mines Likely Used in UAE Tankers Attacks
U.S. National Security Adviser John Bolton said on Wednesday that naval mines “almost certainly from Iran” were used to attack oil tankers off the coast of the United Arab Emirates this month and warned Tehran against new operations.
Bolton said the “prudent and responsible” approach taken by the United States, which has beefed up its military presence in the region, had made it clear to Iran and its proxies that such actions risked a “very strong” U.S. response.
He was speaking to reporters in Abu Dhabi ahead of emergency summits of Arab leaders in Saudi Arabia on Thursday called to discuss the implications of the tanker attacks and drone strikes two days later on oil pumping stations in the kingdom.
The UAE has not yet blamed anyone for the sabotage of four vessels, including two Saudi tankers, near Fujairah emirate, a major bunkering hub just outside the Strait of Hormuz.
Riyadh has accused Tehran of ordering the drone strikes, which were claimed by the Iran-aligned Houthis who have been battling a Saudi-led coalition in Yemen in a four-year conflict seen as a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran.
Iran has denied involvement in either attack.
“I think it is clear these (tanker attacks) were naval mines almost certainly from Iran,” Bolton said. “There is no doubt in anybody’s mind in Washington who is responsible for this and I think it’s important that the leadership in Iran know that we know.”
There was no immediate response from Iran to the comments by Bolton, who did not provide evidence to support his statement.
The U.S. official declined to comment on the specifics of an investigation into the attacks in which the United States, France, Norway and Saudi Arabia are taking part, but said the countries and ship owners involved could do so.
MOUNTING TENSIONS
A UAE bunker barge and a Norwegian-registered oil products tanker were also hit. France has a naval base in Abu Dhabi.
Bolton said the tanker attacks were connected to the strike on oil pumping stations on the kingdom’s East-West pipeline and a rocket attack on the Green Zone in the Iraqi capital Baghdad.
He said there had been a fourth unsuccessful attack on Saudi Arabia’s Yanbu port a few days before the tanker operation but that it was unclear if it was linked to the others. Saudi officials were not immediately available to comment.
Tensions between the United States and Iran have escalated since President Donald Trump withdrew from a 2015 multinational nuclear pact with Iran and reimposed sanctions, notably targeting Tehran’s key oil exports. Iran says it will not be cowed by what it has called psychological warfare.
Iranian President Hassan Rouhani signaled on Wednesday that talks with the United States might be possible if Washington lifted sanctions and met its commitments under the nuclear deal, state television said.
Sunni Muslim allies Saudi Arabia and the UAE have backed sanctions against Shi’ite Iran, a fellow OPEC producer but a regional foe, and have lobbied Washington to contain Tehran.
Bolton said the United States was trying to be “prudent and responsible” in its approach and was discussing next steps with Gulf allies.
“I support what we are doing so far. The point is to make it clear to Iran and its surrogates that these kind of activities risk a very strong response from the Americans.”
SHOW OF FORCE
Washington said it was sending 1,500 troops to the region after speeding up deployment of an aircraft carrier strike group and sending bombers and additional Patriot missiles.
Bolton said the United States was bringing in engineering capabilities “to help harden facilities associated with U.S. and partner military bases”. He voiced concern about perceived threats from the overseas arm of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards.
“We are very concerned about the Quds Force and Qassem Soleimani using Shi’ite militia groups and others in Iraq as indirect ways to attack our embassy in Baghdad, consulate in Erbil, our various bases around the country,” he said.
The U.S. Combined Air Operations Center is based in Qatar and its navy Fifth Fleet in Bahrain. The U.S. air force also uses al-Dhafra airbase in Abu Dhabi.
Iran’s Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi visited Oman, Kuwait and Qatar this week. He said on Tuesday that Tehran was ready to engage in dialogue with Gulf countries.
(Additional reporting Asma Alsharif and Dubai newsroom; Writing by Ghaida Ghantous; Editing by Jon Boyle)
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