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nutravibes · 11 months

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Harmony Leaf CBD Gummies Real Reviews Of Official Website

Isn't it wonderful to imagine a life free from the pain you've been experiencing? There is relief available for those who suffer from anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder, and bodily pain. In recent years, CBD has become an increasingly popular treatment for all of these conditions. However, not all CBD therapies are the same. We've heard a lot of buzz about a product recently called Harmony Leaf CBD Gummies 300mg. We looked into this item in depth. There were two primary areas of inquiry. Is it true that it helps with both physical and mental trauma as much as it's been made up to? Is it also within my price range? The latter question has an emphatic yes as an answer. Harmony Leaf CBD Price savings can be found by selecting any of the red buttons above. When it comes to the former, the lessons here are ripe for discussion.

According to our research, Harmony Leaf CBD Hemp Extract is more reliable in its benefits than competing brands. The hemp used to make it is completely natural and free of any artificial ingredients. Also, it contains almost negligible tetrahydrocannabinol. In such minute quantities, it would not produce its characteristic psychedelic effects. Our research confirms that THC-free products are not as effective. The "evil twin" of CBD may be essential to providing all of CBD's advantages. So, if you're looking for a winning formula that won't break the bank, the Official Harmony Leaf CBD Website is where you should look. We've added clickable references to get you there quickly. To order your supplies while supplies last, click one of the red buttons around the circle. This is a time-sensitive offer, so don't wait.

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Why Choose Harmony Leaf Chews?

The superior efficacy of Harmony Leaf CBD Gummies 300mg over competing CBD products is attributable to their unique chemical makeup. It's the strongest CBD medication available because it's been created by doctors in an FDA-approved lab. So many people have been fooled into thinking this is marijuana, but rest assured: it is not. It's possible that you've confused hemp with marijuana. However, properly speaking, this is not accurate under the law. Anything with more than 0.3% THC is deemed cannabis and is therefore not hemp. To put it another way, you couldn't use the hemp from which this extract is made to produce marijuana. These gummies won't get you high and they won't make you dependent on anything. All they are doing is relieving you of your bodily and mental pain. If that appeals to you, select any option!

People are beginning to realize that cannabidiol (CBD) has far more applications than "just" relieving pain and stress. If we told you that was all the benefits you might expect from using Harmony Leaf Hemp Gummies, we'd be lying. Benefits include enhanced mental clarity and recall, radiant skin, and reduced risk of gum disease. Also, they have an aphrodisiac quality that many couples are exploiting these days. This only scratches the surface, though. Unfortunately, we can't give you all the details on the numerous additional advantages of this product. This is because researchers have not yet discovered all of CBD's potential benefits. You can credit the FDA's delay in legalizing CBD until 2018 for that. Even while science has advanced greatly since then, we still have a ways to go before we learn everything this place has to offer.

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More Info On CBD Therapy

But hold on a second! How can we put our faith in something we don't fully understand? What you don't know can't hurt you since it hasn't hurt you yet, right? In what sense are we speaking? The answer is easy: your body naturally produces cannabis. Your body's natural cannabis production mechanism is known as the ECS. The body goes through a series of intricate steps to distribute cannabinoids, which have therapeutic effects, to pain receptors. The signals from these receptors are what your brain interprets as pain. Cannabinoids alleviate the distress caused by these receptors and the messages they send. Because of this, you don't feel as much pain. If you take in enough cannabinoids, you won't feel the effects of even the worst trauma.

There is, however, a catch. Few people in today's society are able to transcend the constant barrage of negative impulses their bodies experience. Toxic substances enter your body through your mouth and lungs every day. Not to mention the potential long-term effects of your work-related stress. The body can't handle it, and it's affecting most people's capacity to produce as many cannabinoids as they should.

Here comes CBD Hemp Extract Gummies from Harmony Leaf. You might think of this as an additive to your body's natural cannabinoids. The CBD available here is identical to the CBD produced naturally, down to the molecular level, and will have the same physiological effects. You will suddenly be able to face your suffering head-on and thrive. Clicking any of the red links on this page will take you to a secure checkout where you can purchase Harmony Leaf CBD at a discount. Find out now how the CBD ingredients in Harmony Leaf can help you.

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Consequences of Using Harmony Leaf CBD

Now that we have your interest, we will go over some of the problems that may arise from using the Harmony Leaf CBD Ingredients. We've already established that they contain natural CBD. There is a notable lack of anything that has been created artificially here. Due of the scarcity of domestic CBD, several businesses have switched to using synthetic hemp infused with synthetic CBD. This performs, for the most part, almost identically to the real thing. When the body has a negative reaction to a synthetic drug that was designed to mimic naturally occurring cannabinoids, the results can be severe. Due to the organic nature of the product, there is no need to worry about any adverse reactions.

So, what are the possible negative reactions to taking CBD from Harmony Leaf? Constipation, dry mouth, and weariness are possible side effects. The good news is that these possible repercussions can be mitigated in simple ways. Take the gummy about an hour before bedtime to combat fatigue. This has the potential side effect of lulling some people to sleep when they would otherwise be staying up far too late. Everyone else can have a better night's sleep as a result.

What about a lack of saliva and bowel movement? The answer is the same for both of us: hydration. This is something you need to be doing regardless. Whether or not you decide to adopt this treatment, making sure you drink plenty of water is a healthy habit in and of itself.

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Getting Your Order

If this Harmony Leaf CBD Review has accomplished its goal, you should have a better understanding of the product and its benefits. If this is something that interests you, click on over to the Harmony Leaf CBD website using the provided link for the finest selection and pricing. If you're looking for the lowest price on Harmony Leaf CBD, your search ends here. To go back to the top of the page and think it over, click here.

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botanyone · 11 months

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Small Furry Animals Influence Plant Species Size Diversity in Old Fields

Small Furry Animals Influence Plant Species Size Diversity in Old Fields https://ift.tt/iRyYteG Herbivores could be unwitting architects of plant communities in old fields, suggests a study by Riley Gridzak and colleagues. Their research, recently published in Plant Ecology, unveils a possible mechanism explaining why certain plant species dominate in areas grazed by herbivores. Plant species size, often measured by mature height, is considered a critical functional trait contributing to the species’ ecological role. In particular, taller plants are usually more competitive and contribute significantly to the ecosystem’s function. Yet, evidence for size-based rules in plant community assembly has been limited. In the study, Gridzak’s team examined an old-field plant community over five years, using “caged” plots to exclude herbivores while leaving other areas open for grazing. The authors write: We enclosed caged plots with a 1-cm gauge fence that extends roughly 45 cm above the ground and 15 cm below the ground. We left the tops of cages open to allow for vertical plant growth. The purpose of the caged treatments was to eliminate or at least greatly reduce herbivory. Based on camera trap evidence and general observations, there are a significant number of meadow voles and meadow jumping mice that frequent our study site. Gridzak et al. 2023. Their findings showed a modest but consistent underrepresentation of smaller plant species in the herbivore-excluded areas, indicating that herbivore activity might be providing a slight advantage to larger plant species. Some evidence suggests that smaller plant species may be more successful in colonizing gaps (Schamp and Aarssen 2010), perhaps due to their ability to survive and reproduce at smaller sizes (Tracey and Aarssen 2014). Therefore, even if seedling consumption is random and not size biased (but see Hulme 1994), seedling herbivory may still favor small species. For example, the observed herbivory on T. pratense, which is a relatively small species, will leave relatively small gaps that plant species with small maximum sizes may still colonize (Schamp and Aarssen 2010). We do not have data to confirm this mechanism, although we are confident that herbivory is benefiting smaller species and that this is not due to herbivores targeting the tall plant species. The mechanism for our results requires further study; for example, other herbivore effects such as those from trampling, burrowing, and changes in litter distribution may also contribute to the observed compositional differences between treatments. Gridzak et al. 2023. The result is that mice and voles are accidental gardeners by opening up small gaps in the vegetation. These gaps then provide spaces for the small plant species to colonize more effectively. READ THE ARTICLE Gridzak, R., Wylie, R., Bennett, W. and Schamp, B.S. (2023) “Size-biased compositional impacts of small mammal herbivores in an old-field plant community,” Plant Ecology, 224(5), pp. 513–521. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-023-01318-0. The post Small Furry Animals Influence Plant Species Size Diversity in Old Fields appeared first on Botany One. via Botany One https://botany.one/ June 27, 2023 at 09:00AM

#Botany #Plant Science #Botany One

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judiansteelcastingandrolling · 1 year

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The Main Technological Process of Electric Furnace Steelmaking

After crushing and sorting the recycled scrap steel, it is preheated and added to the electric arc furnace. The electric arc furnace uses electric energy as energy to melt the scrap steel, remove impurities (such as phosphorus, sulfur) and tap the steel, and then obtain it through secondary refining. Qualified molten steel, and then the molten steel is solidified and formed into a billet by continuous casting, and finally becomes a steel product through the rolling process.

Electric furnace steelmaking is a high -temperature melting ore and metal electric furnace generated by the electrode arc. When the gas discharge forms an arc, the energy is very concentrated. The temperature of the arc area is above 3000 ° C. For melting metals, the arc furnace is more flexible than other steelmaking furnaces. It can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus. The area is small, suitable for the melting of high -quality alloy steel.

Electric furnace steel is mostly used to produce high-quality carbon structure steel, tool steel and alloy steel. This type of steel is excellent and uniform. When the carbon content is same, the strength and plasticity of the electric furnace steel are better than the flat furnace steel. The electric furnace steel uses similar steel scrap steel as the main raw material, and also uses sponge iron instead of some scrap steel. Adjust the content of chemical ingredients and alloy elements by adding iron alloys.

The electric furnace with scrap steel as the raw material is less than the investment in infrastructure than the blast furnace -to -furnace method. At the same time, due to the direct restoration of the development, it provides most of the scrap steel for the electric furnace. Therefore, the electric furnace steelmaking has been greatly promoted. There are about 1,400 large electric furnaces in the world, and the electric furnace is developing towards large, ultra -high power, and automatic control of electronic computers. The maximum electric furnace capacity is 400 tons.

Scrap steel is the main material of electric arc furnace steelmaking. The quality of scrap steel directly affects the quality, cost and electric furnace productivity of steel. Therefore, there are some requirements for scrap steel:

The surface of the scrap steel should be cleaned and rusty. Due to the debris such as sediment in the waste steel, the conductive performance of the furnace material will be reduced, the melting time will be extended, and the phosphorus effect of the oxidation period will also affect the phosphorus effect and erosion of the lining. When the scrap steel is severely corrosive or when it is stained with oil, it will reduce the income from steel and alloy elements, and increase the hydrogen content in steel.

Waste steel must not be mixed with non-ferrous metal, such as lead, tin, arsenic, zinc, copper and other non -ferrous metals. The density of the lead, low melting point, insoluble in steel liquid, easy to deposit in the gap in the bottom of the furnace, cause leakage accidents. Tin, arsenic and copper, it is easy to cause steel and crispy.

Sealing containers must not be mixed in scrap steel, flammable, explosive and poisonous to ensure safe production.

The chemical composition of scrap steel should be clear, and the content of sulfur and phosphorus should not be too high.

The size of the scrap steel should not be too large (the cross -sectional area should not exceed 150mm × 150mm, and the maximum length should not exceed 350mm). The raw iron is generally used to improve the amount of carbon distribution of the furnace in the arc furnace steelmaking, and usually does not exceed 30%of the furnace material.

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swagwinnercreation · 3 years

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Introduction Following the well-known concepts of computerization and informatization, an emerging era of cyberization, which is considered as a reformation of the present physical, social and mental worlds, has become a hotly discussed trend in the new cyber world. Cyberization refers to using communication and computer technologies to interconnect computers and various electronic terminal devices distributed in different locations. It allows users to share software, hardware and data resources according to certain network protocols. Cyberization has greatly improved the practical utility of computers and has been widely applied in transportation, finance, business management, education, telecommunications, commerce, and so on in our daily life .During the cyberization process, a large number of real things will conjugatively map to various kinds and levels of cyber existence in cyber world. It is said that cyberization has already taken place in a variety of fields along with the development of several emerging computing paradigms and information communication technologies, such as ubiquitous/pervasive computing, social computing and networking, and wearable technologies, etc. Specifically, with the rapid growth of Internet of Things and cognitive cyber-physical systems, more and more digital things or cyber entities, are engaged or generated in the integrated cyber world. Emerging technologies in smart environments, such as smart computing and smart objects, become very significant, promising, and enabling issues in cyberization, to enhance the efficiency of sensing, processing, and communication in the conjugations of physical, social and mental worlds. Accordingly, the cyber technology is playing an important role in developing effective methods of resource management, data acquisition, and pattern recognition across cyber-related systems and applications. All these provide us opportunities to explore smart computing methodologies and computational intelligence algorithms, in order to facilitate the cyberization process in cyber world. This special issue aims to report high-quality research on recent progress in the various areas related to Smart Computing and Cyber Technology for Cyberization. Our goal is to shed light in the multiple aspects involved in the cyberization, encompassing algorithms, techniques, applications, enabling technologies and platforms, besides security issues. A total of 36 papers were submitted from all over the world. After a careful review process performed by reviewers selected by the Guest Editors, 18 papers were accepted addressing subjects that were classified in the following categories: (i) infrastructure and platforms for intelligent systems, (ii) smart sensors and ad-hoc wireless networks, (iii) behavior and influence analytics in social computing, (iv) machine learning and intelligent applications, and (v) privacy and security in smart computing. The detailed contributions of each paper are summarized in the next section.

Summary of this issue Infrastructure and platforms for intelligent systems An important component in the cyberization process is the computational intelligence techniques and methods that are at the core of cyber world enabling processes. Recently there has been a tremendous advance in the fields of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). However, much of this advance has focused on algorithms and their applications. Much less emphasis has been given to the underlying infrastructure of these intelligent systems. Currently, the mainstream in ML/AI consists in work being done individually by experts in the field, following ad-hoc processes that make collaboration difficult, and with little support from abstractions and tooling to facilitate the deployment of intelligent systems at scale. Ultimately, this is mainly due to a delay in infrastructure evolution, which has so far been far outweighed by innovation in machine learning techniques. One can say that the systems and tools that helped usher in the present era of hands-on machine learning are not suitable to feed future generations of the intelligent applications they have generated. Therefore, it is important to advance not only the algorithms, but also the infrastructure and computing platforms that allow the effective and efficient execution of such algorithms .In the context of ubiquitous/pervasive intelligent systems, as well as in the cyber-physical systems (CPSs), cloud computing has been the most prevailing model and platform for data processing and storage. Because of the richness of resources typical of cloud platforms, cloud-based CPSs and cloud-assisted IoT extend and augment the computing capacity of CPSs to conduct resource-hungry applications. The Cloud computing model is keen to use centralized shared resources and addresses the raising popularity of smart apps by integrating exclusive resources and the data obtained from them .In order to provision the physical resources dynamically, virtualized technology is extensively used for resource management in the cloud platforms, which provides an effective way to improve the resource efficiency of the cloud-based CPSs. Running applications on the virtual machines (VMs) makes it possible for high resource utilization and low energy consumption . Although virtualization techniques have been extensively studied in the cloud computing field, there are still several open issues involved in the allocation and migration of VMs to meet the quality of service (QoS) demands of cloud-based CPSs. A key challenge involves considering the benefits of migrating VMs to provide better QoS to the user while taking into account migration costs, for example in terms of transmission delays. In addition, energy consumption in cloud-based systems is also an increasingly relevant challenge to consider. To meet the growing demand for new scenarios such as CPSs and IoT, capabilities of cloud data centers have grown steadily. Such growth results in the increasing power consumption of these data centers. In times of energy crisis and with the growing demand for greener and more sustainable technology solutions, reducing energy consumption in data centers has become a key goal. The authors in the paper “A QoS-Aware Virtual Machine Scheduling Method for Energy Conservation in Cloud-based Cyber-Physical Systems” [3] aim to tackle the aforementioned challenges. Their goal is to find an optimal VM scheduling strategy in cloud-based CPSs with QoS enhancement. For such, they propose a QoS-aware VM scheduling method for energy conservation, named QVMS. By offloading several applications to other physical machines (PMs), the workloads on some under-load physical servers are migrated out, and these servers could be set to idle mode for energy saving. In the paper, they first define some basic concepts and present the system model. Then, they formalize the objective function and present the constraints assumed to model the solution. Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-III) is adopted to find the optimal VM scheduling

strategies and achieve the goal of QoS enhancement including energy consumption, downtime and resource utilization. Besides, SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) and MCDM (Multiple Criteria Decision Making) are adopted to select the most optimal scheduling strategy. They performed extensive experimental evaluations to verify the effectiveness of their proposed VM scheduling method. However, despite the popularity of cloud computing as a backend of intelligent ubiquitous systems and CPSs, newly emerging applications and information technologies are very demanding when it comes to the latency and bandwidth. Their requirements for the optimized transport network and processing of data performed as close to the end devices as possible is also rapidly increasing . Some of the drawbacks of cloud platforms such as latency and jitter effects, distance to the server, data security and privacy, and support of mobility cannot be solved by adoption of the hyper-scale cloud computing technology. To overcome some of such limitations, the Edge Computing paradigm has recently emerged as a solution for delivering data and real-time data processing closer to the data source . The combination of Edge Computing with ML/AI gave rise to a new paradigm known as Edge intelligence (EI). EI comprises edge computing that is supported with machine learning algorithms and advanced networking abilities. The implication is that a number of information technology and operational technology industries are gravitating to the edge of the network. The result is that issues such as cybersecurity, self-learning, real-time networks and tailored connectivity can all be adequately dealt with . In their previous work , the authors of the paper “A Lightweight and Cost Effective Edge Intelligence Architecture based on Containerization Technology” proposed the idea to build and integrate Docker containers within the edge and pinpoint the Edge Intelligence’s potential in the vertical-specific scenarios of use. Their current study, included in this Special Issue, extends this idea further and focuses on the utilization of Docker technology into the recognition of human activity. They expect their presented architecture to provide significantly shorter delays in communication and decision-making as well as decrease the costs related to these processes thanks to adoption of lightweight and economical platform. Since the proposed architecture is using ML algorithms and eliminating any unnecessary communication with cloud, it is able to provide more effective and quick decision-making. Unwanted delays are decreased thanks to avoiding of unreasonable roundtrips. As another contribution of their proposal, decreased use of public wide area networks along with the adoption of local algorithms and caching result in less costly communication. They also promote a good balance of application’s, network’s and user’s requests among the edge and core infrastructure. Finally, the proposed computing model can utilize decisions related to the pre-processed data and adopt alarms traded between several edge devices. Also leveraging the computational resources at the edge of the network, the paper “LW-CoEdge: A lightweight virtualization model and collaboration process for Edge Computing” [7] proposes a novel distributed and lightweight virtualization model targeting the edge tier. Besides a novel virtualization model tailored to the edge tier and meeting the specific requirements of IoT applications, their proposal encompasses a set of heuristic algorithms along with a P2P collaboration process to operate upon the virtualization model. The algorithms perform (i) a distributed resource management process, and (ii) data sharing among neighboring virtual nodes (VNs, deployed at edge nodes). The distributed resource management process provides each edge node with decision-making capability, engaging neighboring edge nodes to allocate or provision on-demand VNs. Thus, the distributed resource management improves system performance, serving more requests and handling edge node geographical

distribution. Meanwhile, data sharing reduces the data transmissions between end devices and edge nodes, saving energy and reducing data traffic for IoT-edge infrastructures. Among the existing CPSs, manufacturing and enterprise applications are one of the major drivers of advanced and intelligent networked systems following the trend of Industry 4.0. Massive data are generated in a distributed fashion and cross-domain data need to be shared and analyzed in an efficient manner to realize an effective supply chain management. Therefore, master data management (MDM) that manages how data are stored in a distributed system plays a critical role for enterprise data warehousing and analyses. The paper “Master Data Management for Manufacturing Big Data: A Method of Evaluation for Data Network” proposes a multi-layer master data management architecture and investigates the use of Set Pair Analysis (SAP) to model the distributed data network. The proposed methodology is validated using an aviation enterprise data and has demonstrated the ability to support timely update, response, distribution of data at each stage of the supply chain. Smart sensors and ad-hoc wireless networks CPSs rely on a strong synergy between computational and physical components. A CPS is the integration of abstract computations and physical processes where sensors, actuators, and embedded devices are networked to sense, monitor, and control the physical world. Therefore, smart sensors and wireless sensor networks are major components of CPSs. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are composed of tiny devices equipped with sensing, processing, storage, and wireless communication capabilities. Each node of the network can typically have several sensing units, able to perform measurements of physical variables, such as temperature, luminosity, humidity, and vibration, thus being the main components to create a perception of the physical world. WSN nodes operate collaboratively, extracting environmental data, performing same (often) simple processing, and then transmitting them to external systems, via sink nodes, to be analyzed and further processed . Sensor nodes are severely constrained regarding memory, energy, and processing capabilities. Therefore, several approaches have been proposed to reduce the energy consumption of these nodes in order to extend the overall lifetime of the system. Since radio communication is the dominant factor of energy consumption in most WSN (except for the hungry devices of multimedia sensor networks), an effective approach is the reduction of data transmission between the sink and the sensing nodes. One of the most commonly used technique to reduce radio communication is the dual prediction mechanism and several proposals are reported in the literature . However, while all existing approaches have been proven to be very effective in reducing the amount of data reported to the sink, their efficiency is countered by an increase in complexity. Moreover, they are very sensitive to data loss which renders the dual prediction mechanism obsolete . In the paper “Fault Tolerant Data Transmission Reduction Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks” , the authors present an alternative technique that has as a major benefit to be simple yet robust, and more effective in terms of prediction accuracy and data reduction. Their approach exploits the fact that sensor data changes smoothly over time, therefore they leverage the prediction model proposed in to forecast future readings. They coupled this technique with a data reconstruction algorithm that exploits both temporal smoothness and spatial correlation among different sensed features in order to estimate missing values. Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), and a promising approach for future intelligent transportation systems (ITS). A VANET typically supports two communication models, namely Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I). Currently, most VANET applications rely on V2V communications since they do not require

costly infrastructure. However, as VANET is a very dynamic network, information must be exchanged between mobile vehicles in an efficient way by avoiding as far as possible the broadcast storm problem, that occur whenever a huge number of vehicles broadcast messages at the same time thus leading to a network saturation, packet delay and collision issues. In this context, data aggregation is an appealing approach allowing to integrate several data about similar events to generate a summary (aka aggregate) and as a consequence potentially reducing the network traffic. There are several proposals for data aggregation in VANETs already reported in the literature. However, the highly complex urban and highway networks produce an overwhelming traffic information data that requires efficient selection criteria and smart filtering before the aggregation process. The design of an efficient data aggregation approach that combines correlated traffic information or Floating Car Data (FCD) is still a challenging issue. The authors of the paper “Towards a Smarter Directional Data Aggregation in VANETs” introduce a new data aggregation protocol, called Smart Directional Data Aggregation (SDDA), with the goal of selecting the most appropriate FCD messages that have to be aggregated .Based on the aforementioned research works, it is clear that the future CPSs and intelligent applications heavily rely on the presence and widespread of physical sensors and WSNs. To ensure the functionality of an application, such as intruder detection, it is of critical importance to guarantee the coverage and availability of wireless sensors during deployment. As such, barrier coverage is a critical issue for wireless sensor deployment for many industrial and military applications, where each wireless sensor can sense within its range and a collection of wireless sensors can be deployed to cover the entire range of a barrier. Over the last decade, different barrier coverage algorithms had been established for different types of sensors such as seismic and acoustic sensors, while in recent years, more research efforts are dedicated to radar sensor systems . In “Optimal Placement of Barrier Coverage in Heterogeneous Bistatic Radar Sensor Networks” , authors investigate the barrier coverage problem for bistatic radar sensor systems. Different to the traditional passive sensing model, the Cassini oval sensing model is investigated and an optimal placement strategy for heterogeneous transmitters and receivers has been proposed to achieve maximum barrier length coverage. The proposed algorithm has been validated through theoretical simulations to demonstrate the optimal coverage .Cyber-social networks have significantly improved social relationships among mobile users across device-to-device communications. In the paper “A Detailed Review of D2D Cache in Helper Selection” , the authors present a survey work which focuses on D2D helper selection techniques according to three basic categories, including the network frame, computing method, and social-aware attribute. Differing from other surveys which mainly consider the energy consumption and latency minimization in D2D networks, they discuss the selection of D2D helper based on different network architectures, such as content distribution networks, peer-to-peer networks, named data networks, cellular networks, and vehicular ad-hoc networks. In particular, a variety of computing paradigms are taken into account to classify D2D helper selection techniques, such as mobile cloud computing, fog computing, and mobile edge computing .Behavior and influence analytics in social computer recent years, the recommendation system has been well developed and is playing an important role across social media. In the paper “ICFR: An Effective Incremental Collaborative Filtering based Recommendation Architecture for Personalized Websites” , the user-based collaborative filtering algorithm is applied in an incremental recommendation implementation method, in which three important elements: user, item, and rating, are

redefined, and relationships between user preferences and recommended content are utilized to improve the user-based collaborative filtering algorithm. Moreover, users’ browsing behaviors are extracted based on the analysis of Web logs from personalized websites, which can facilitate the update of users’ historical preference in the design of an incremental algorithm. Experiments demonstrate the high performance of the proposed method comparing with traditional updating methods. Following the rapid development of mobile social networks, the paper “From Crowdsourcing to Crowdmining: Using Implicit Human Intelligence for Better Understanding of Crowdsourced Data” discusses the concept of crowdmining and presents a generic model for the development of crowdmining systems. The basic idea is to discover and better utilize the implicit human intelligence hidden in individual behavior patterns and crowd-object interaction patterns under a certain community context. The authors introduce a basic framework to understand the crowdsourced data with a formal description and discuss its usage in several general tasks in terms of data mining including classification, filtering and grouping. Based on these, they describe two case studies, namely the crowen and crowd trip, which utilize the power of implicit human intelligence to facilitate the event sharing and trip planning respectively. Detailed scenario applications are presented, and the experiment evaluation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in event localization and detection, and travel route generation using online/offline crowdsourced data. Behavioral analysis has drawn more and more attentions for mobile computing application in big data environments. In the paper “TBI2Flow: Travel Behavioral Inertia Based Long-Term Taxi Passenger Flow Prediction” , the authors focus on the analysis of travel patterns of taxis in cities using GPS data. Specifically, the travel behavioral inertia, which mainly includes two basic components: driver inertia and passenger inertia, is newly defined and introduced as a new metric for the long-term taxi passenger flow prediction. A traffic flow prediction framework, called TBI2Flow, is designed to forecast the distribution of taxi passengers in each small region of a district over different time intervals. The multi-layered neural network is utilized to extract and represent the new features from the taxi trajectory data based on the travel behavior analysis. The results of simulation-based experiments demonstrate the significance and efficiency of the proposed model for traffic management in the design of a smart city .To deal with the special problem of influence maximization in social networks, the paper “Three-hop Velocity Attenuation Propagation Model for Influence Maximization in Social Networks” proposes a three-hop speed attenuation propagation model, based on which the authors design an algorithm for the maximum of influence considering the greedy algorithm with heuristic algorithm. In the constructed network model, the sum of modified degrees of the active nodes is employed to measure the impact of a node. In such a way, the influence of a single node can be effectively modeled and represented, and the lack of subtle influence caused by the three-hop simulation can be further made up. Two different datasets collected from DBLP and Facebook are used to conduct the propagation simulations, and the experiment results demonstrate the high efficiency of the proposed method comparing the traditional greedy algorithms. Machine learning and intelligent applications Sensors and WSNs play an important role in the CPSs and intelligent applications by offering fundamental infrastructure and data sources. However, how to process data to support decision making and provide “intelligence” in systems and applications remains a big challenge. In recent years, ML has demonstrated great potential to many applications in consumer electronics, industrial, and security and surveillance applications. In this special issue, several unique

research works are presented on various novel ML techniques and intelligent applications. As networked systems are becoming more and more complex, automated operations and maintenance are becoming highly important to ensure efficient and reliable system operations. The paper “Intelligent Maintenance Frameworks of Large-scale Grid using Genetic Algorithm and K-Mediods Clustering Methods” [27] investigates the automation and scheduling problem of maintenance of a large-scale smart grid system, where a smart grid management system (GMS) is proposed with genetic algorithm and K-mediods clustering. This research identifies and addresses different severity levels according to the faulty devices. The two proposed algorithms are validated with five real-world datasets collected in five different cities in China .As the technologies evolved, the focus of advanced technologies also shifted to offer more intelligent and more “personalized” services to end users. This trend can be observed from consumer electronics to even manufacturing enterprises to have customized products and services. Therefore, advanced technologies for identifying the user are becoming a very important topic to ensure the delivery of safe and secure personal services. While there are various unimodal personal identification techniques such as password, facial, voice, and fingerprint, each modality exists its own weaknesses which may make the overall system vulnerable. In the paper “An Accurate Multi-Modal Biometric Identification System for Person Identification via Fusion of Face and Finger Print” , a multi-modal person identification approach is proposed by fusing facial and fingerprint information. The proposed method has been verified with four different datasets and has achieved a promising recognition accuracy of 99.59%.Different to traditional artificial intelligence (or machine intelligence), research efforts are also dedicated to mimicking unique human traits, behaviors, and personalities. In addition to offer intelligence, researchers are seeking ways to capture and represent the uniqueness of human beings in achieving human-like (or even individual-like) artifacts such as digital avatars and humanoid robots. However, there is yet a comprehensive model to systematically describe human traits and personalities. The paper “From Affect, Behavior, and Cognition to Personality: An Integrated Personal Character Model for Individual-like Intelligent Artifacts” offers a broad overview on the existing Personal Character Models (PCMs) from different research arenas and perspectives such as psychology and computational intelligence. A novel PCM is proposed to capture comprehensively personal affects, behaviors, cognition, and the intra- and inter-relationships between these personal characteristics. The feasibility of the proposed PCM model has been demonstrated by extracting representative personal characteristics through various personal data such as wearable devices and cognitive tests. Privacy and security in smart computing One of the biggest concerns in the cyber world is security. By delegating control of physical processes to virtual entities, often accessed via wireless networks, a number of vulnerabilities arise. Without solving security issues, it is not possible to leverage the paradigms linked to the cyber physical systems. As cyber-attacks become more frequent, the research community has presented several approaches (e.g. heuristic methods) to detect and analyze malicious programs (also referred to as malware). However, designing effective and efficient malware detection approaches poses several challenges and still has open issues , for example due to counter-malware detection efforts by malware authors and cyber criminals. There are three major approaches for analyzing malware: static, dynamic and hybrid , each of them with their own pros and cons. Trying to mitigate some of the drawbacks of current static, dynamic and hybrid malware detection approaches, multi-view learning is a promising solution. Multi-view data are very common in real

world applications, where data are often collected from different sources, using different measuring methods. Different data sources form different feature sets, and each set is referred to as a view. Any particular single-view data cannot comprehensively describe the phenomenon under observation. Motivated by this, multi-view learning is an emerging direction in machine learning which considers learning with multiple views to improve the generalization performance . To adapt multi-view learning for malware threat hunting, the authors of the paper “A Multiview Learning Method for Malware Threat Hunting: Windows, IoT and Android as Case Studies” leverage the potential of using executable files for either malware or goodware (i.e. non-malware) as the source for multi-view data extraction. The challenge they tackle in this context is to determine what algorithm can be used to effectively extract features from executable files. Existing approaches generally use single view information for malware detection or a combination of some views in the form of a single view . In their paper, the authors propose an efficient ensemble multi-view learning method, which automatically assigns optimized weights to different views. The proposed method is a large margin classifier that improves generalization using a global optimum hypothesis. To demonstrate adaptability of the proposed approach in detecting malware on different platforms, they evaluate their system with datasets comprising Internet of Things (IoT), Windows and Android malware . In addition to the challenges of dealing with cyber-attacks, which occur in a variety of scenarios and application domains, cyberization poses several security and privacy challenges in the specific scenario of IoT systems. Given its highly dynamic and heterogeneous scenario, besides the opportunistic and ad-hoc nature of interactions, in an IoT system it is difficult to perform identity management, guarantee the trustworthiness of data, detect abnormal behaviors and control the access to various data. Data provenance has the potential to solve some of the aforementioned issues in IoT by recording information about data origins, data operations and processing history from its source to current state. Thus, it becomes possible to track the sources or origins of several types of issues related to abnormal behavior, trustworthiness and data access in IoT. Although long adopted in archives systems and data mining techniques, for the purpose of identifying the owner of an object/data or its origin, creator and how the data was communicated or processed, investigations of data provenance in the context of IoT have only recently begun . The authors in designed a conceptual model as a common architecture of data provenance in IoT. Since this first work, more and more researchers started to pay attention to data provenance in IoT and some provenance management schemes were proposed and applied in various intelligent IoT services. However, the literature still lacked a comprehensive survey on data provenance in IoT. In order to fulfil this gap, the paper “A Survey on Data Provenance in IoT” reports the findings of a comprehensive survey on existing works related to this field. As main contributions, the authors (i) propose uniform criteria on data provenance in IoT by analyzing IoT distributed architecture and reviewing data provenance techniques and applications, (ii) review existing works on data provenance in IoT and analyze their pros and cons according to our proposed criteria and security requirements, and (iii) point out a number of open issues based on the thorough survey and attempt to provide guidance for future research in the field of data provenance in IoT by evaluating its recent advance. The paper “Secure Limitation Analysis of Public-key Cryptography for Smart Card Settings” focuses on a special case of smart card used in intelligent application systems with high security requirements. The authors first summarize the features of three main types of attacks in smart card security, including

invasive attacks, semi-invasive attacks, and non-invasive attacks, and review the public key cryptography algorithms regarding security issues. Based on these, they convert secure problems of public-key cryptography into the capacity of attack channels of adversaries. The insecure limitation is then defined and introduced based on a communication framework with Shannon information theory. Several metrics are given to analyze security restrictions according to the average mutual and conditional mutual information. The authors discuss a series of attack models with the security limitation of encryption, such as ciphertext-only attack channel model, chosen plaintext attack channel Model, chosen ciphertext attack channel Model, adaptive chosen ciphertext attack channel Model, direct forgery attack channel Model, and tampering attack channel model.

Final remarks This special issue aims to promote the development of cyber-related information and communication technologies in smart computing. In Particular, a variety of important topics are addressed in this special issue, including: Knowledge Modeling and Management for Cyberization, Information Sharing and Dissemination in Smart Computing, Smart Control and Monitoring for Cyberization, Cognitive Physical-Social Networks, Content Analysis and Mining in Cyber-Social Networks, Behavioral Analytics across Smart Networks, Deep Learning in Cyberization, Resource Management in heterogeneous Networks, Intelligent Transportation Systems Using Smart Networks, Smart Internet of Things, Cyber-Physical-Social Data Processing and Intelligence Mining, Smart Data Streaming and Real-Time Processing, Smart Sensors and Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks, Data Storage and Integration in Cyberspace, Semantic Web Mining in Smart Computing, Infrastructure and Platform for Intelligent Network Systems, Wearable Technologies in Smart Environments, Mobile Computing with Smart Sensors, Smart Energy Management and Sustainability, Privacy and Security in Smart Computing, and etc. The accepted papers have attracted researchers (corresponding authors) across transdisciplinary research fields from 11 different countries, including Australia, Brazil, China, Finland, France, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, UK, US, and Tunisia. Consequently, this special issue may have a great significance and impact on: i) studying cyber and cyber-conjugated things for the cyber-enabled new worlds; ii) organizing the body of knowledge in cyber-related researches and applications with comprehensive frameworks in inter-, trans- and multi-discipline fields; iii) enhancing cyber technologies not only in fundamental research works, but also in application system development.

#technology #smart computer #cyber alerts #be safe from fake id or persons

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irispublishersagriculture · 3 years

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Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)

Growth, Yield and Yield Components Response of Local Sorghum Varieties to Nitrogenous Fertilizer Rates in Northern Ghana

Authored by Joseph Xorse Kugbe

The economic importance of Sorghum (sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to rural households and household food security in northern Ghana, remains a key reason for the continues cultivation of the crop, though average yield (700 kg/ha) is below that of maize and rice. The low yield, however, implies that sorghum could contribute more to food supplies than at present, especially in resource-constrained regions and people in greatest need. The crop has been referred to as one with vast untapped potential [1,2].

Across northern Ghana the crop is preferred by farmers because of the relatively dry agricultural environment. Sorghum is an extremely drought tolerant crop and has an ability to survive and yield grain during continuous or intermittent drought stress [3]. As a result, the crop has been and is still an important staple in most Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT) of Asia and Africa [4]. In Africa, sorghum has wider geographical adaptation than any other cereal growing from lowlands to highlands [5].

Though adapted to the arid climates of northern Ghana, productivity is by far below its potential. In areas where sorghum is commonly grown, yields of more than 3000 to 4000 kg ha-1 are obtained under better conditions, dropping down to 300 to 1000 kg ha-1 as moisture, soil fertility and other biotic and abiotic factors become limiting [6].

In northern Ghana, sorghum is cultivated principally by smallholder, resource-poor farmers under rain-fed conditions. Mostly, fertilizers are not available for purchases. In some cases where fertilizers are available the farmers have no means to purchase them or lack access to fertilizer through lack of transportation to cart fertilizers to the field. Judicious use of fertilizers is paramount to sorghum production.

Despite being one of the most important staple food for many livelihoods and its adaptation to draught, research results reveal that yield levels achieved by small-scale farmers remained stagnant despite farmer’s effort to improve and increase production. Across northern Ghana, poor soils and lack of knowledge on fertilizer application rates remain key factors to the reduced yield. Though a number of local varieties have been introduced to increase the yield of the crop, knowledge on best performing sorghum variety is also limited.

In order to increase sorghum production, there is a need therefore to evaluate the effect of N fertilizer rates on local sorghum varieties to determine the optimum N rate and variety. Appropriate N fertilization rates have been noted to increase sorghum yields. Olugbemi et al. [7], observed that application of N up to 150 kg/ha increased grain number, grain yield, and harvest index. It has also been observed by Melaku et al. (2018), that sorghum varieties has responded differently to N application rates and that sweet sorghum varieties gives higher grain yield, biomass, plant height, leaf number and quality stalks due to its ability to respond effectively to increasing N application rates. In 2018 an evaluation research was conducted by Al-salim et al. [8] on local sorghum (keafer, Al-khyaer, Rabeh and Enqadh) genotypes to evaluate their response to nitrogen fertilizer application rates and it was established that the local sorghum genotypes respond well to nitrogen fertilizer rates. Sorghum genotypes have been reported to be good efficient responders or users of N fertilizer levels [9,10]. Across northern Ghana, however, knowledge on varietal response to N fertilization is limited. Necessitating the need for a research to develop knowledge to help improve the crops production. This research was aimed to assess the effect of N fertilizer rates on growth, yield and yield parameters of local sorghum varieties in northern Ghana with the objective to help identify the best local sorghum variety that responds effectively to the most economic N fertilizer rate for resource-poor farmers of northern Ghana.

Materials and Methods

Description of the study area

The experiment was conducted at Vea during the 2014 and the 2017 cropping seasons.

The area lies within the interior Guinea Savannah agro-ecological zone of Ghana, located in the Bolgatanga municipality of the upper east region between latitude 90ʺ 25 N, longitude 00ʺ 58W. The climatic condition of the area is warm, semiarid with an annual average rainfall of 1200 mm between May and September, followed by a dry windy season (harmattan) from September to April. Temperature distribution is moderately uniform with mean monthly minimum value of 31°C and maximum of 38 °C [11]. The relative humidity varies greatly during the wet season with monthly minimum of 25% and maximum value of 50% during the wet season [12]. The soil types include Lixisols, and Ferric Lixisols [13].

Growth parameters:

• Variety name: Varieties of local sorghum used for the field experiment were named and recorded.

• Fresh weight of biomass (FWOB): Data recording started a month after emergence and was taken every two weeks.

• Dry weight of biomass (DWOB): Data recording started a month after emergence and was taken every two weeks interval.

• Leaf number: This was recorded a week after emergence and continued every two weeks till the flag leaf stage. This was determined by counting. Five plants that were sampled randomly and tag from the middle rows of each plot were used for this purpose.

• Plant height (cm): Plant height of sorghum was measured every two weeks from a week after emergence in centimeters. It was measured as the distances from ground level to the growth point where the panicle starts to branch. Five plants were sampled randomly from each plot in the middle rows and used for this purpose. The mean was recorded as plant height.

Yield and yield components

• Final total biomass (above ground biomass): This was recorded at the time when the sorghum plants were fully matured and ready for harvest. The plants were cut from the net rows and weighed from each net plot. The weighed biomass was then converted to kg/ha.

• Panicle weight: This was determined by randomly selecting five panicles and weighing the panicle with grain attached. Panicle weight was then recorded by dividing the total weight by the number of panicles.

• Panicle length and width: This was determined by selecting five panicles and measuring the panicle length and width of the panicle with grain attached.

• Number of spikelet’s and florets: This was determined by selecting five panicles and counting the number of spikelet’s and florets in the panicle.

• Two hundred seeds weight: This was determined by selecting five panicles randomly. Two hundred (200) seeds from these panicles were carefully counted after which the weight of the 200 seeds was recorded.

• Grain Yield: Grain yield was measured by weighing the grain that was threshed from the panicles obtained from the harvest area within each plot and expressed into kg/ha.

Data analysis

The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the GenStat statistical software. The differences between treatment means were compared using Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 5% level of significance.

To read more about this article:

https://irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/growth-yield-and-yield-components-response-of-local-sorghum-varieties.ID.000574.php

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#Agriculture and Soil Science #Inter National Agriculture Science #Soil Science #animal science #Food science

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felipeandletizia · 4 years

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June 10, 2020: King Felipe and Queen Letizia held a videoconference with the Taxi sector

Don Felipe and Doña Letizia have maintained their preferential interest in recent weeks with those who have guaranteed essential services for citizens. And a primary sector, also during confinement, has been that of Transport, which has guaranteed the mobility of people and goods to supply the population. In successive conversations with representatives of ports, airports and rail, road and suburban transport, in contact with AENA, RENFE, the Association of Air Lines, EMT and the Madrid Metro and the Transport Business Committee. Today with the top managers of the taxi sector. FEDETAXI and ANTAXI account for one hundred percent of the licenses and taxi workers in Spain, both self-employed and salaried entrepreneurs.

The associative representatives have explained to the Kings that during the month of February the taxi drivers already began to notice the effects in a sensible way, when they received the news of the epidemic that came from Asia. During that month, congresses, fairs and meetings were canceled or postponed. At the beginning of March, the activity was halted at Renfe stations, ports, airports, transport interchanges and points of generation of habitual high demand for travelers.

There was a drastic drop in mobility according to data from the General Directorate of Traffic, recorded at the beginning of the state of alarm. In the accesses to cities, passenger traffic decreased 67%, and 61.29% for long-distance trips. The reduction in traffic in cities like Madrid was 71.3% and Barcelona produced similar figures. These figures increased until, at the height of the pandemic and the restriction of the fundamental right to mobility (the first days of April), it has reached practically 90%, gradually recovering up to 50% in which We found it in the last days of May.

The collapse of the urban circulation of taxis has been absolute. The sector itself estimates the request for services by applications or stations at only 10% compared to the usual until practically the last week of May, discounting those services that have been carried out free, voluntarily and in solidarity for health workers and other essential personnel.

Some cities have taken measures to reduce the supply of taxis such as, for example, Seville where only 25% of the fleet could work daily, Barcelona 20%, Madrid up to 50%, Calviá 20%, Jaén 25%, Puerto de Santa María 50%, Fuerteventura 20%, and thus hundreds of Spanish municipalities. Consequently, the economic activity and the turnover of taxi drivers have been until the end of May around 10-20% of the normal figures. Activity has been less than 75% of normal, and is now going back to 20-40%, according to the Autonomous Communities.

During the health emergency, the Taxi has been providing services mainly for the elderly, hospitals, patients, nurses, doctors, often altruistically and disinterestedly. When there has been compensation from the Administration, it has been returned to compensate for the deficit in sanitary material. This performance has occurred throughout Spain.

The representatives of FEDETAXI and ANTAXI contemplate the current situation, which is still very complicated, and it will take a long time to reactivate the activity and return to relative normality. As for all clients, the service projections in the months that remain until the end of the year are not rosy, so that the red numbers in the sector would continue.

A reduction in traffic is expected in areas of demand such as airports, ports and train or bus stations, hotels, etc., due to a collapse of national and international tourism; the possible cancellation of all kinds of events such as festivals, concerts, popular parties, congresses, sports events; the fall of "the night"; or the promotion of telework.

In smaller or less tourist cities and in rural areas, where taxi revenues are much lower than large capitals, the direct and indirect costs of the activity will exceed the income or reduce the net return on the activity to levels insufficient for subsistence .

Although a transfer of passengers from public transportation to the taxi is also expected, with the number of potential taxi users growing - for fear of the spread of COVID19, it is not estimated that this represents an increase in turnover of more than 8-12%.

The taxi sector in Spain is made up of 63,494 taxi license holders, of whom 98.3% are self-employed, and around 35,000 salaried drivers, supporting 100,000 families throughout Spain.

Taxi drivers are grouped into two associations: FEDETAXI, which represents 61% of licenses; and ANTAXI, which represents 39% of the licenses.

FEDETAXI (Spanish Taxi Federation) was established in 2012 as a group of associations or organizations of taxi drivers from the different provinces or communities of Spain with the purpose of defending, promoting and promoting the interests of taxi drivers and the organizations or associations that form part of it. It is made up of the Madrid Auto Taxi Association, the Castilian-Leon Taxi Federation, the Andalusian Federation of Autonomous Taxi Drivers, the Union of Autonomous Taxi Drivers of Catalonia, the Taxi Association of the Balearic Islands, the Taxi Free Self Employed Union with offices also in Valencia and Galicia, the Provincial Association of Taxi Drivers of Zaragoza, and the Confederation of Taxis on the Costa del Sol. Together they include more than 60 taxi drivers' associations.

In addition, FEDETAXI is part at the national level of the National Federation of Autonomous Workers (ATA) and within the European Union, of the Taxi Europe Alliance (TEA) where, among others, taxi drivers from Italy, Portugal, and in which FEDETAXI holds the presidency.

The current (acting) president of FEDETAXI is Miguel Ruano Bravo, first vice president of the entity, as long as the current electoral process of the federation ends.

ANTAXI (National Taxi Association) is an Organization that has the presence of Associations from the various Autonomous Communities, whose objectives are the fight against intrusion and unfair competition; ensure that the taxi is of universal, plural and quality access; defense of the taxi as a public service; and the development of regulations that protect the activity.

It has a presence in practically all the Autonomous Communities. The Associations that are part of ANTAXI are the Autonomous Confederation of Taxis of the Valencian Community, the Basque Taxi Federation, the Professional Taxi Federation of Madrid, the Independent Taxi Federation of the Balearic Islands, the Cantabrian Taxi Federation, the Independent Association of Taxi Drivers, Self Employers of Navarra, Agrupació Taxi Companys (Barcelona), Radio Taxi Aragón, Association of Taxi Drivers of La Rioja, Radio Taxi Mérida, Associació del Taxi Intermunicipal de Catalunya, Radio Taxi Murcia, Rural Taxi Associations of Seville and Córdoba.

The president is Julio Sanz. Borja Musons is the vice president and the president of the Basque Taxi Federation.

The taxi is a public service of general interest within the municipalities and, therefore, it is the municipalities that have the main powers over it and determine the maximum number of taxi licenses in each of the municipalities according to their volume of population or other objective parameters. It is appreciated how Madrid and Barcelona are the cities with the highest number of licenses, with 15,000 and 10,000 licenses, respectively.

Regarding the distribution of energy sources, for example, Madrid has 4,295 hybrid taxis (27.62%), 2,784 LPG-powered (17.89%) and 8,135 (52%) with a diesel engine, while pure electric ones (BEV) barely reach 20 vehicles. The Barcelona Municipal Area has 3,221 hybrid vehicles (30.71%), 797 LPG (7.60%) and 6,201 (59.12%) diesel. The average age of the fleet in the capitals is close to 6.4 years, with a 10-year limit for all taxi vehicles. FEDETAXI believes that the sector needs a strong impetus for the green transition and would be a great "test bed" for the electrification of urban mobility.

Taxi drivers' taxation is subject to the direct estimation regime (modules) of personal income tax and VAT. The average income of a taxi driver, before taxes, is not homogeneous, varying greatly between cities and Autonomous Communities, ranging from 16,000 to 36,000 euros. The dependence on tourism, events, leisure and hospitality activities exceeds, on average, one third of its turnover, even reaching double in tourist towns and large capitals.

The taxi sector has been dragging a strong crisis due to the emergence of the liberalized rental vehicle with driver (VTC) modality from 2009 to 2015, which has gone from 2,500 vehicles to almost 17,000 throughout Spain. The emergence of digital platforms has produced a high degree of disruption and competition from VTCs with taxi drivers. In recent years there has been a conflict that has taken to the streets and to the political and judicial sphere, and even to the European institutions, without having yet fully settled. This is the complex context - marked by the technological and digital revolution and the changes in user habits - that the COVID pandemic has impacted19.

Participants in the videoconference with the Kings:

• FEDETAXI representatives:

• Miguel Ruano Bravo, vice president FEDETAXI (acting president), president of the Andalusian federation of autonomous taxi drivers (FAAT) and active taxi driver in Córdoba.

• Ángel Julio Mejía Noguerales, president of the Madrid taxi union (AGATM), candidate for the presidency of FEDETAXI and active taxi driver in Madrid.

• Emilio Domínguez Del Valle. Lawyer and technical secretary of FEDETAXI and National Land Transport Advisor (MITMA) for the taxi sector.

• ANTAXI representatives:

• Julio Sanz, president of ANTAXI and active taxi driver in Madrid

• Borja Musons, Vice President of ANTAXI and President of the Basque Taxi Federation

#King Felipe #Queen Letizia #King Felipe of Spain #Queen Letizia of Spain #King Felipe VI #King Felipe VI of Spain #Official Event #COVID-19 #June 2020

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solarninjas · 3 years

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Advantages of Solar Panels

A solar panel is a device that is used to absorb energy from the sun in order to generate heat or in many cases electricity. It is also referred to as a photovoltaic cell since it is made of many cells that are used to convert the light from the sun into electricity. The only raw material for these solar panels is the sun. it is made in such a way that the cells face the sun in order to enable maximum absorption of the sun rays. The greater the energy from the sun is, the more the electricity that is generated. Solar panels are used in many homesteads in the world due to their many pros that are far more than cons. Some of these pros are discussed below.

One very important advantage of using solar panels is that they do not emit any gases that are common in green houses. The panels do not emit any smoke, chemical or heavy metals that can be risk factors to human health. Solar panels are therefore environmental friendly when compared to burning of fossil fuels to generate energy. This is very important since carbon emissions are dangerous and avoiding their emission helps in safeguarding our present and future environment. Being environment friendly is important since the government is constantly coming up with ways to control global warming and the use of solar panels is a great way to start. The solar panels therefore maintain a clean setting and they leave the air fresh. More importantly they help in prevention of many cancer incidences. This is because some products from some sources of energy like nuclear energy have been said to cause cancer due to initiation of mutations in cells.

Secondly, use of solar panels ensures ongoing free energy for those who use it. This is mainly because the only cost incurred is that of installation. Once the installation has been done the energy is free since the panel does not require regular maintenance or fuel to run it. It also requires no raw materials for its operation. It works as long as there are sun rays which is an everyday thing in most parts of the world. In a world where equal distribution of resources is continuously being sought, this is very important since each and everyone has equal rights when it comes to use of solar energy. This is because the energy from the sun falls on all. This is a good way to maintain equality as compared with energy from fossil fuel which low income homesteads do not afford in many cases.

There is also the advantage in that, the use of solar panels enable the decentralization of power. This is very important since it is very cheap. This is mainly because when power is not decentralized, it has to be shared by all and is as a result transported to many areas. With this happening, there are very many costs that are incurred. These include; the wear and tear of vehicles, the air pollution among others. These costs are all incorporated in the electricity bills of individuals as the government does not cover the expenses. It is therefore more advantageous to use solar panels as a saving plan and to create a sense of fairness since those in power tend to take advantage and use their positions to embezzle funds. This is not fair on the citizens' part. This is because most of them struggle to make ends meet.

A solar panel can be operated off grid. This is a great advantage for those who live in very isolated areas or in rural regions. Off grid means that the house is not connected to the state's electricity grid. This has the advantage of low cost since installation may be very expensive for those living in isolated areas. These individuals have their power lines disconnected in many instances due to the fact that it is sometimes less affordable for many. Solar panels offer a solution for this since they do not require as much to be installed. However, those living in towns can also use the off-grid technique. An added advantage in this is that there are no rules governing whether or not one wants to operate off- grid or on-grid when it comes to use of solar panels. This however is an issue when using fossil fuel generated electricity.

Solar panels generate job opportunities. This is of great importance since there is a very high rate of unemployment in the world today. These jobs are come about in the form of, manufacturing of the solar panels, research about further improvements, maintenance, development and cultural integration. With the continued presence of the sun, these jobs are guaranteed since there is ongoing improvements and modification of this device. Jobs like maintenance and installation do not require a long-term training and are therefore more advantageous for those who do not have many skills and are unemployed. More here Solar Edmonton

Use of solar energy is safe from price manipulations and politics. The fact that there are no raw materials that are solely controlled by monopolies ensures that there is no manipulation of prices as is the case with fossil fuels. With fossil fuels, the prices can rise as high as the monopolizing powers controlling them want. There is also less competitiveness with use of solar panels since there is no fight over such things as oil fields and other raw materials. Although the government has started addressing the issue of solar panels, there is little influence they can have in price manipulation. This is because no one controls the main raw material.

There is also less environmental destruction with the use of a solar panel. This is because there are no cases of mining or extraction of raw materials that eventually lead to destruction of forests and water catchment areas. With the use of solar panels, there is less of this and therefore there are steady rainfalls that greatly boost production and consequently the national income of each and every country. Many countries face problems of famine due to destruction of forests to get fuel. This can be prevented by using solar panels.

There is an advantage of reliability in using solar panels. This is because there is ability to predict the amount of sun to expect each and every day. Therefore one is has guarantee of energy. The devices are also made in such a way that they can absorb sun rays even when there a few clouds and the sun rays are not very strong. The solar energy is also renewable. It can therefore be used on and on without getting depleted. Although solar energy cannot be used at night, it operates full force during the day which is of great importance. The energy can also be stored in form of batteries for use at night.

Everyone loves some peace and quiet. This is something you get when you use solar panels. This is because they are very silent. There is no noise that gives away the fact that the solar panel is there apart from the fact that you can see it. This is a good thing since it makes the environment peaceful compared to wind and water generated power supplies which have moveable parts that are quite loud and destruct the peace. Solar panels are therefore good for use for people living in estates where hoses are close to each other. This is because with silence, peace is maintained between the neighbors.

When installing solar panels, there is no large scale installation required. They therefore require very little space to install. This is very important when it comes to fast growing regions and towns. The installation will mainly involve a single cell to continually generate energy. Hence a homestead requires a single cell. There is therefore no congestion and a continued supply to the high demand of energy. This maintains a good image in a community since crowding may make the place less attractive which may prevent people from moving to the area since everyone wants to live somewhere they consider beautiful, for this reason, use of solar panels does not interfere with real estate sales.

Solar panels are durable. This is because there are no moving parts in the device. This therefore reduces the chance of it being destructed. It is possible to use a solar panel for a very long period of time without having to purchase another, studies estimate that it can last for over ten years. Such a device is beneficial because it reduces the stress that comes about when a machine stops running because something became lose or worn out. There is also reduced maintenance cost since it is less prone to wear. This generally makes the device very easy to handle for a person with very little skills in handling a solar panel.

Many companies that invest in solar energy get the advantage of higher profits. This is because they cut back on costs incurred in electricity and the rest of the profits are in most cases used to expand the business. This is very advantageous. Statistics show that the companies that use solar panels have greater returns compared to those that use other sources of energy. This may be due to the fact that electricity can be very expensive and may make these companies not afford allot of assets. This is especially evident in small or new companies. There is also an advantage that clients get when they get services from a company that uses clean energy. This is the fact that they can get access to government incentives that are made available to these companies.

Use of solar panels enables individuals and companies to enjoy the benefits of low taxes. This is because in most parts of the world, the taxes that are charged are about thirty percent less as compared to using other sources of energy. With all the taxes that one has to pay for every item purchased, this is a great opportunity to reduce spending on taxes. Since there is no monthly bill when using a solar panel, it makes it tax free. When using fossil fuel energy, this is no option since one has to pay their electricity on a monthly basis which in most cases is heavily taxed.

The size of solar panel required per meter to give maximum energy small. When there is full sun, one is able to get about one thousand watts per meter. This is equivalent to about 2900-watt hours per day. However this depends on the area in which you are locates, the time of the year and the strength in which the sun rays reach the solar panel. For this reason, there are times where one gets more energy compared to others. However the energy gives the desired effect even at low intensity and is therefore still very reliable.

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ms-naomimarie · 4 years

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DRRM Kwentuhan

We were tasked to visit our local barangay to conduct an interview about their disaster and risk reduction and management plan and to have our own community walk to observe the surroundings. Through this activity, I hope all of us can learn to be aware and become intentional to improve our communities.

Background of the Community

I have lived in Marikina City ever since I was born, and I have come to know the community even more as I grew older. Marikina is a peaceful city compared to Manila because of how the local government handles the cleaning operations around the area, and how they implement their ordinances. The local government is intentional when it comes to serving and keeping Marikina a safe place for its people.

Situation of the Community

I was able to interview a barangay official, Nonyo Olan, the Executive officer of the Barangay Tanod and who is responsible for the Peace and Order division of Barangay Concepcion Dos for 11 years, Marikina City and we were able to talk about the community of its hazards, operation during calamites such as flooding and preparing for earthquakes and how the local government handles these operations.

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

Around the 70′s, Marikina was a flood free city, but as time passed by and people were moving into the city; the construction of various houses, subdivisions and townhouses began, and this contributed to the hazards as well as the fact that Marikina serves as a catch basin of floods coming from Antipolo Mayamot.

Common heavy flooding is caused by the heavy downpour of rain that happens during the months of June until December and it affects the people of Marikina in ways such as getting stranded at different parts of the city and multiple houses are damaged due to the flood level entering inside people’s homes.

Another Hazard that the barangay has been preparing for are earthquakes such as the rumored “The Big One” since Marikina lies on the fault line.

But despite these unfortunate situations the barangay has a protocol of coordinating with other LGU’s, their own division, 161, and having their own division set up in order to be prepared for incoming storms that usually happen every four to five times a year.

Vulnerability, Elements, and People at Risk Assessment

The places that’s easily flooded is the lower sector of Marikina (SSS village, Kalumpang) because this serves as a boundary of Antipolo Mayamot, Kalumpang which sides with a river, and the city acts as a catch basin for the water coming from the top sectors of Marikina and Antipolo.

During floods, most of the people wo are affected are those living in the SSS Village portion of Marikina, based on my experience and as the barangay official said, the floods in Marikina are localized all around SSS and we have to act faster to help Senior Citizens, children, and families living in hazardous areas get to shelter and safety.

Map of Marikina from https://sites.google.com/site/totidulay/dissertation

The peoples’ home is the most affected after disasters and it takes a week for the community to recover from it, as houses are covered in mud and water, trash and other furniture and items destroyed by the flash flood. But the service of the barangay remains in solitude as they can provide assistance through letting evacuees use the local gymnasiums around Marikina as well as schools to help every family recover, as those divisions perform their task distributing relief food and water.

On the other hand, the locations where the flood rarely hits is Panorama, Ranch, Upper portion of Concepcion Uno and other per locations in the upper region.

Sir Nonyo stated confidently that the barangay is prepared when it comes to these matters, because of how their protocol works during the storm and the after math of it. As people are clearing their homes and some remaining in the gymnasium sites, the garbage collectors will take rounds during the entire week and help people clear their trashes placed outside and the local government provides extra services of cleaning the streets if need be.

Capacity and Disaster Management Assessment

In order to prepare for such calamities, the barangay, as stated a while ago, that they have a division of 3 teams patrolling in each sector of Marikina (Higher, Middle, and lower portion; where the floods can be concentrated) and all teams have a mode of communication via walkie talkies. The barangay is also ready to respond to incoming calls asking for rescue through their landline and cell phone numbers, alongside with them having a supply of water, first aid, safety helmets, life jackets, and a ready supply of relief foods on hand.

The barangay has no specific named plan but as the barangay official stated, they have a division and sources on hand and that’s mostly where they rely on. But they also have different projects that were accomplished by former Mayor Quimbo as the city’s underground canals were improved and roads are widened and improved to avoid flooding. The barangay also provides free medical services scheduled from Monday to Friday.

I was able to ask who were in position during operations and glad to say that the barangay captain is involved, since he is the leader, followed by the barangay executives and other officials and the tanods. All of them have a role to play in preparing and securing the safety and needs of the community.

Safest, Hazardous Places and Good Practices

Issues of the Community

Picture taken at SSS Village residence

Marikina, Concepcion Dos is a disaster resilient community, so generally, the only hazard that the local government must solve is to lessen the flooding even more during the rainy season and to provide a sustainable solution to it.

According to Jonathan David Lasco who’s opinion was posted on Inquirer:

Therefore, from an engineering perspective, Metro Manila will always be vulnerable to flooding: The drainage system, no matter how well-maintained, can only store water from precipitation itself but not when the river swells. The same may be said of other areas in the country situated near creeks and rivers.

Marikina is rich in rivers and creeks and this contributes to the flooding but with the recent idea of former Mayor Quimbo of creating an underground water canal/catch and implementing a stricter cleaning operation around Marikina and waste collection every Monday, Wednesday and Thursday, this helps lessen the flooding around the area. But some areas such as the boundary (part of the lower portion) between Antipolo and Marikina are hazardous and flood prone, because of the poor waste management and floods coming from Antipolo. In my opinion a possible solution to this is to coordinate with the LGU of Antipolo Mayamot and provide sustainable solutions, such as a joint project, creating an underground water catch/canal around the boundaries and within the lower district of Marikina and implementing a stricter waste collection around Antipolo.

Correlation to the Disaster Situation of the Philippines

We are a tropical country and every year we are vulnerable to natural hazards such as tropical storms and heavy rain fall and it is already given that the Philippines a, geographically speaking, that we are a path way for typhoons. And with the additional poor urban planning, concentrated population, and difficulties in handling waste management, all of these factors contribute to the disaster situation of our country.

As Marikina is a part of Metro Manila, we can concur that all municipalities are affecting one another due to the fact that there are no existing boundaries for certain problems such as flooding, poor waste management and mostly natural disasters. As Marikina has devised an effective plan on how to resolve the hazards to avoid flooding and having an organized structure on how to handle the crisis, a lot of cities in Metro Manila still must come up with an effective plan to secure their own communities.

Realizations

Despite growing up in Marikina for the past 19 years of my life, through this activity I was able to get a clearer insight on how intentional the LGU of Marikina is when it comes to serving its people and how all communities should have an effective, sustainable, plan for resiliency and solitude during times of disasters and calamities. When it comes to communities, we are all affecting one another, and our problems can always root from neighboring issues. I think this serves as a wakeup call for all citizens of the Philippines to become more proactive and sensitive towards the environment and community that we are interrelated with one another. The way that nature strikes back at us is alarming if we become complacent when it comes to taking care of our surroundings, we need to learn by now that we are the ones responsible.

Why and How should we address the issues of disasters in the Philippines?

As a community, we want a responsive government when it comes to the needs and safety of its people and as people who are contributing to the hazards, we need to be aware and reduce these factors for us to have a happy, healthy and sustainable life. According to the Human Development Index, our country should aim to attain a high standard of health of people, education and standard of living not only for the current generation but for the generations to come as well, and this should be our inspiration and drive to come up with a sustainable long term plan to make our communities resilient when in times of disasters.

Small actions can impact the environment greatly, just by simply following or promoting waste regulating ordinances, and throwing your trash in the proper disposal bin can help the floods lessen in your community, and at the same time LGU’s should implement a stricter garbage collection in their communities to avoid piling up weeks long of trash and keeping the surroundings clean as the LGU in Marikina has implemented. This is a government and governed effort and we all must do our part in changing our community.

What actions should I take to increase the capacities of my own community?

As a student, I shouldn’t minimize the capabilities that I’m able to do to contribute to my community, though starting with smaller steps, we all can contribute to a greater cause. First, educating people and yourself regarding the subject matter can contribute a greater impact to solve our problem connected to waste management and flooding. Through having an exchange of ideas and sharing your knowledge this can help people gain an amount of knowledge and encourage them and yourself to join volunteer work whenever they are available. At my church we conduct outreach programs and do charity work at the lower parts of Marikina such as the marginalized sector in Tumana and we have successfully helped them through free health consultations and giving over-the-counter medication. Of course, as NSTP students we all must learn to become critical of our surroundings and find a root cause to those problems and identify what we can resolve with our own actions and share what we have learned. Performing our role as citizens of this country can help minimize the hazards that can harm us and as we function, we are able to become resilient as a community and a country.

#NSTP #Flood #Disaster #DRMM #Philippines #Environment

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powersyncenergy4-blog · 5 years

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Solar Panels

A Solar panel is a system that's used to absorb energy from sunlight so as to create heat or oftentimes electricity. It's also known as a photovoltaic cell as it's made of several cells which are utilized to convert the light from sunlight into electricity. The only raw material for all these solar panels would be the sun. It's created in such a manner in which the cells face sunlight so as to allow maximum absorption of sunlight rays. The larger the energy from sunlight is, the greater the energy that's generated. Solar panels are utilized in several homesteads on earth on account of their many experts which are much more than disadvantages. A few of those pros are mentioned below.

Solar Panels

One very important benefit of Utilizing solar panels is they don't emit any gases which are typical in green homes. This is essential because carbon emissions are harmful and preventing their emission aids in protecting our existing and future atmosphere. Being surroundings friendly is important because the government is continually coming up with strategies to restrain global warming and the usage of solar panels is a terrific way to begin. The solar panels consequently maintain a fresh atmosphere and they depart the atmosphere fresh. More importantly they assist in prevention of several cancer incidences. This is because a few goods from several sources of energy such as nuclear energy are proven to cause cancer because of initiation of mutations in cells.

For people using it. When the setup was completed the energy is liberated because the panel doesn't need routine maintenance or gas to operate it. It functions as long as you will find sun rays that's a regular thing in many regions of the planet. In a universe where equal distribution of funds is always being hunted, this is essential since each and everybody has equal rights in regards to utilize solar power. This is a great method to keep equality when compared with electricity from fossil fuel that low income homesteads don't manage oftentimes.

There's also the Benefit because, the usage of solar panels permit the decentralization of electricity. This is essential as it's quite affordable. This is principally because when electricity isn't decentralized, it needs to be shared with all and is as a consequence transported to a lot of locations. With this phenomenon, there are rather many costs which are incurred. These prices are all integrated in the energy bills of people since the government doesn't provide for the expenses. It's therefore more valuable to utilize solar panels as a rescue strategy and also to create a feeling of equity because those in power have a tendency to make the most and utilize their ranks to embezzle funds. This isn't fair on the taxpayers' part. This is due to the fact that nearly all of them fight to make ends meet.

A solar panel may be Functioned off grid. Off grid means the home isn't on the nation's electricity grid. This has the benefit of reduced cost since installation might be rather costly for people living in remote regions. These folks have their electricity lines disconnected in many cases because of the simple fact it is occasionally cheaper for many. Solar panels offer you a solution to this because they don't demand as much to be set up. But, those living in cities may also utilize the off-grid technique. An additional benefit of the is that there aren't any rules regulating whether one needs to run off- grid or on-grid in regards to utilize solar panels. This is a problem when using fossil fuel generated power.

Solar panels create job opportunities. This is of fantastic significance because there's a really large rate of unemployment in the world these days. These jobs have been come around in the shape of, production of their solar panels, study about additional developments, maintenance, growth and ethnic integration. Together with the continuing presence of sunlight, these tasks are ensured because there's continuing modification and improvements of the gadget. Jobs like installation and maintenance do not take a long-term coaching and are consequently more valuable for people who don't have lots of abilities and are jobless.

Use of Solar Power is secure from cost The simple fact that there aren't any raw materials which are completely controlled by monopolies guarantees there is not any manipulation of costs as is the case with fossil fuels. With fossil fuels, the costs can grow as large as the monopolizing forces controlling them desire. There's less competitiveness using solar panels as there's not any fight over such matters as oil fields and other raw materials. Even though the government has begun addressing the dilemma of solar panels, there's very little influence they could have in cost manipulation. This is because nobody controls the key raw material.

There Can also be less ecological destruction with the usage of a solar panel. That is because there aren't any instances of extraction or mining of raw materials that finally cause destruction of forests and water catchment areas. By means of solar panels, there's less of the and consequently you will find stable rainfalls that greatly increase manufacturing and thus the national income of each country. Many states face problems of famine because of destruction of woods to acquire gas.

There's an Benefit of reliability in utilizing solar panels. This is because there's ability to forecast the amount of sunlight to anticipate each and every day. Hence one is has assurance of energy. The devices can also be manufactured in this manner they can absorb sunlight rays even if there a few clouds and sunlight rays aren't so powerful. The solar power is renewable. It may therefore be used on and off without becoming depleted. Though solar energy can't be used at nighttime, it functions full force throughout the day that is of fantastic importance. The power can also be saved in kind of batteries for use at nighttime.

Everyone enjoys some This is something that you get when you utilize solar panels. This is as they're quite silent. This is a great thing as it makes the surroundings calm when compared with water and wind generated electricity supplies that have moveable parts which are rather loud and destruct the serenity. Solar panels are so great to be used for individuals living in home where hoses are near one another. This is because of quiet, peace is preserved between the neighbors.

When installing solar panels, then There's no Large scale installation needed. They therefore require hardly any room to install. This is essential if it comes to rapidly growing areas and cities. The setup will mainly involve one cell to constantly generate energy. Hence a homestead demands one mobile. There's therefore no congestion along with a continuing supply to the high demand of electricity. This preserves a fantastic picture in a community because crowding may make the area less appealing which may prevent individuals from moving into the area since everybody would like to live someplace they believe beautiful, because of this, use of solar panels doesn't interfere with property sales.

Solar panels are lasting. This This consequently reduces the prospect of being destructed. It's likely to utilize a solar panel for a lengthy time period without needing to buy another, research estimate it may last for over ten decades. This type of unit is valuable as it reduces the strain which comes about when a machine stops operating because something became worn or lose out. There's also decreased maintenance cost as it is not as likely to wear. This makes the machine very simple to manage for a individual with very little skills in managing a solar panel.

Many companies who Purchase solar power get the benefit of greater gains. This is only because they cut down costs incurred in power and the remaining gains are ordinarily used to enlarge the company. This is extremely advantageous. Statistics demonstrate that the businesses using solar panels have higher returns in contrast to those who utilize other sources of electricity. This could possibly be due to how power can be quite costly and might make these firms not manage allot of resources. This is particularly evident in new or small businesses. There's also an advantage which customers get when they receive services from a business which utilizes clean energy. This is the simple fact which they can access government incentives which are made available to those businesses.

The use of That is because in many areas of the planet, the taxes which are charged are approximately thirty percent less compared to utilizing different resources of energy. Considering all the taxes that one needs to cover each and every item bought, this is a fantastic chance to decrease spending taxes. As there's absolutely no monthly invoice when utilizing a solar panel, it gets it tax free. When utilizing fossil fuel power, this is not any alternative since one must pay their power on a monthly basis that ordinarily is significantly taxed.

The dimensions of solar panel systems needed per meter to provide maximum Energy little. Whenever there is full sunlight, one can acquire about 1 million watts per meter. This is equal to approximately 2900-watt hours every day. However this is dependent upon the region where you're finds, the period of the year along with also the power where sunlight rays get to the solar panel. Because of this, there are occasions where one has got more energy in contrast to other people. No matter how the energy provides the desirable effect even at reduced intensity and is still quite trustworthy.

It's highly That is because there are only a few instances of electrical shocks which are extremely common when using different sources of power. This generates fewer incidences of crises. However, careful steps must be taken as directed by the individual that does the setup as there are cases where wires are left bare and may lead to shock when touched. This is uncommon once the wiring is completed properly. Care also needs to be taken because the roof might be continuously emitting electricity.

Solar panels are For this Reason, they're not readily destructed, this can be important because the Device is put out to be able to absorb sunlight rays. The Fantastic thing About this is the fact that it may be employed by men and women who reside in locations where the Weather is down and up generally.

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martinbjerrum6-blog · 5 years

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You Should Be Wide open For Talks When Offering Your PropertyMarketing real-estate might be such a productive venture, that may be should you be making use of the proper methods at the same time. The guidelines presented in the following paragraphs can greatly assist in giving you an excellent group of know-how in getting the proper qualities with each other and marketing and advertising using the right edge. When you're selling your house don't let your ego or satisfaction get in how about the residence. It isn't of you it's concerning your residence. Of course, it might be just brick and concrete however these folks are trying to find their long term residence. Be inviting and ready to permit people conduct a move-by way of. Of course you wouldn't are interested to buy anything without having to be inside it nor would they. In case you are ready to offer your property first of all , you should think about is what type of entrance charm which it has. 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Should your property requirements it, paint the exterior. Also, make certain your landscaping design is attractive. The outside of your home is what a probable customer sees first which is what provides them possibly a good or poor, initial impact. Buyers are searching for properties to get all through the year, so collection your home just as soon as you are willing to sell. If you collection it from the tumble or winter when you can find much less homes on the market, then you do not have to remain competitive towards every person else that listings their residence in the spring. When itemizing your home, be sure your cabinets and closets are clutter free of charge. Prospective buyers will open each and every case and check in each and every closet. Once they see mess, they often times connect it with a property that has not been looked after. This could rapidly change a purchaser off of, even when your house is in tip top form. 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The brochure box need to contain information regarding your home including photographs, quantity of spaces and washrooms, anything at all exclusive about the home, selling price and a list of near by schools. Feature a contact contact number at the same time so potential customers can make contact with your professional. It can be rather difficult to offer with this marketplace, no matter where you're situated and even for the purpose your house can be obtained for. That's why it is very important which you check out some terrific information about how to maneuver your house as being a owner. The following tips will get you started away within the correct route.

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