#covid-19 vaccine wastage
Quote
Governments across the globe have wasted more than a billion doses of the Covid vaccines, even as many people, including health workers, particularly in the low-income countries are yet to get at least a single shot, according to a report by science and data analytics company Airfinity. With 25 million doses, Russia's Sputnik V has the highest wastage figures, followed by AstraZeneca, with claims of 19 million wasted jabs, the report said. Of the 14 billion vaccine doses supplied globally to date, 1.1 billion have been wasted and gone unused.
‘1.1 billion Covid vaccine doses wasted globally: Report’, Deccan Herald
7 notes
·
View notes
Text
Cold Chain Industry to Showcase Continued Growth in the Coming Years
The cold chain market refers to the infrastructure and processes used to ensure the quality and safety of temperature-sensitive products throughout the supply chain. This is particularly crucial for industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, and chemicals, where maintaining specific temperature conditions is vital. The cold chain industry encompasses the entire ecosystem of temperature-controlled logistics, and efficient cold storage facilities are essential for ensuring the integrity of the cold chain. Cold chain storage is a fundamental component of the broader cold chain market. The global cold chain market value is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 9.0%, reaching $278.2 billion in 2023 and $428.4 billion by the end of 2028.
Key components of the cold chain include cold chain storage, refrigerated storage, transportation, and monitoring systems. Here are some key points about the cold chain market:
Pharmaceuticals: The pharmaceutical industry heavily relies on the cold chain to transport and store vaccines, biologics, and other temperature-sensitive medications. This has become especially important with the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.
Food and Beverages: Perishable goods, including fresh produce, dairy products, and frozen foods, require a controlled temperature environment to prevent spoilage and maintain quality.
Technological Advances: The cold chain market has seen advancements in technology, such as temperature-monitoring devices, RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) systems, and data analytics, to ensure real-time tracking and traceability.
Regulatory Compliance: Strict regulations and standards, especially in the pharmaceutical and food industries, drive the need for compliance with temperature control measures to guarantee product safety and efficacy.
Emerging Markets: With the globalization of supply chains, there is an increasing demand for cold chain solutions in emerging markets, where infrastructure development is a key focus.
Environmental Concerns: There is a growing emphasis on environmentally friendly and energy-efficient cold chain solutions to reduce the environmental impact of temperature-controlled logistics.
E-commerce and Cold Chain: The rise of online grocery shopping and e-commerce has further emphasized the importance of efficient cold chain logistics for the timely and safe delivery of perishable goods.
To know more get PDF Copy: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=811
Market driver: Increasing need for temperature control to prevent food loss and potential health hazards
Food security, food safety, economic and environmental sustainability, and minimal food waste are major focus areas in the food industry. Food loss and waste are caused due to various reasons. For instance, perishable products are often exposed to fluctuating temperatures during transit and handling, which results in food spoilage and wastage. To overcome this, the demand for refrigerated storage and transportation services has increased across the globe. According to UNEP 2021, an estimated 17% of total food produced for human consumption is wasted, costing the world economy USD 936 billion each year. Food loss is caused by the absence of cold chains during food processing, packaging, distribution, and consumption. According to the International Institute of Refrigeration 2021, a lack of proper refrigeration directly led in a loss of 526 million tons of food production, or 12% of total global production.
This is enough to feed an estimated 1 billion people in a world where 811 million people are hungry and 3 billion cannot afford a nutritious diet. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2021, India is one of the world’s largest food producers and has a lot of food produced in the country to meet its food requirements, but because of the fragmented and unorganized supply chain, storage, and logistics, gives an inadequate food distribution system. Each year, over USD 14 billion in crops are wasted owing to inefficient cold chain and disorganized logistics. According to a 2021 study on All India Cold Chain Infrastructure Capacity (Assessment of Status & Gap) conducted by NABARD Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. (NABCONS) for the National Centre for Cold Chain Development (NCCD) under the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation, and Farmers Welfare in the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, the country’s requirement for cold storage is 35 million MT, while the capacity for such storage is around 32 million MT. According to Colliers’ newest report, opportunities in Indian cold chain assets, India’s cold storage capacity is expected to reach 40.7 million metric tons by 2023, up 8.2% from 2020.
Make an Inquiry: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Enquiry_Before_BuyingNew.asp?id=811
The e-commerce industry is growing rapidly in the Asia Pacific region, which is driving the demand for cold chain logistics for the last-mile delivery of temperature-sensitive products, such as fresh food, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Governments in the Asia Pacific region are investing in the development of cold chain infrastructure to support the growth of the food and pharmaceutical industries. For instance, the Indian government has launched the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana to create modern infrastructure for the food processing industry, which includes cold chain logistics. The growing demand for food products, increasing urbanization, rising e-commerce industry, government initiatives, and focus on sustainability are driving the growth of the cold chain market in the Asia Pacific region.
0 notes
Text
Navigating the Complexities: Supply Chain Management in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Introduction:
In the fast-paced and intricate world of pharmaceuticals, the efficient management of the supply chain plays a pivotal role in ensuring the timely delivery of life-saving drugs to patients around the globe. The pharmaceutical industry faces unique challenges, including stringent regulatory requirements, rapid technological advancements, and the ever-present need for quality assurance. This blog explores the intricacies of supply chain management in the pharmaceutical sector and the strategies employed to overcome its challenges.
The Importance of Supply Chain Management in Pharmaceuticals:
Patient Safety and Compliance: The pharmaceutical industry is subject to rigorous regulations and quality standards to ensure the safety and efficacy of medications. Supply chain management is crucial in maintaining compliance with regulatory bodies, such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). An efficiently managed supply chain helps track and trace every component of a drug, reducing the risk of counterfeiting and ensuring patient safety.
Global Reach and Distribution: Pharmaceutical companies often operate on a global scale, requiring complex supply chain networks to facilitate the movement of raw materials, intermediates, and finished products across borders. Effective supply chain management helps optimize distribution channels, reduce lead times, and minimize the impact of geopolitical and economic uncertainties on the availability of medications.
Inventory Management: Striking a delicate balance between ensuring an adequate supply of drugs and minimizing excess inventory is a constant challenge in the pharmaceutical industry. Advanced forecasting techniques and inventory management systems are employed to optimize stock levels, preventing shortages and minimizing wastage.
Challenges in Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management:
Cold Chain Logistics: Many pharmaceutical products, especially biologics and vaccines, require strict temperature control throughout the supply chain. Maintaining the integrity of the cold chain is crucial to prevent product degradation and ensure the efficacy of sensitive medications.
Regulatory Compliance: Adhering to the myriad of regulations imposed by different countries poses a significant challenge for pharmaceutical companies. Supply chain managers must navigate complex regulatory landscapes to ensure compliance, avoid fines, and uphold the reputation of the company.
Risk Management: The pharmaceutical supply chain is susceptible to various risks, including natural disasters, geopolitical issues, and unexpected disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic. Developing robust risk management strategies, such as dual sourcing and contingency planning, is essential to mitigate these uncertainties.
Innovations in Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management:
Blockchain Technology: Blockchain is increasingly being explored as a solution to enhance transparency and traceability in the pharmaceutical supply chain. It provides a decentralized and secure ledger, allowing stakeholders to verify the authenticity of products and track their journey from manufacturing to distribution.
Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence: Leveraging data analytics and artificial intelligence (AI) enables pharmaceutical companies to make informed decisions regarding inventory management, demand forecasting, and supply chain optimization. These technologies enhance efficiency and responsiveness, helping companies adapt to dynamic market conditions.
Supplier Collaboration: Establishing strong collaborations with suppliers is crucial for a resilient pharmaceutical supply chain. By fostering transparent communication and sharing data, companies can build stronger relationships with their suppliers, improving overall supply chain visibility and reliability.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, effective supply chain management is a cornerstone of success for the pharmaceutical industry. The ability to navigate complex regulatory landscapes, manage inventory efficiently, and embrace innovative technologies ensures that life-saving medications reach patients when they need them most. As the pharmaceutical sector continues to evolve, so too must supply chain strategies to meet the ever-changing demands of a dynamic and globally interconnected world.
0 notes
Text
Ontario auditor general finds COVID-19 vaccine wastage, unco-ordinated bookings
Ontario auditor general finds COVID-19 vaccine wastage, unco-ordinated bookings
Ontario’s auditor general says the province wasted 38 per cent of COVID-19 vaccine doses between February and June because it overestimated demand for boosters, and her annual report also identifies that the province is running a disorganized booking system and doesn’t fully track adult vaccinations.
Auditor general Bonnie Lysyk says in her report today that overall COVID-19 vaccine wastage in…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
Switzerland to destroy 9M expired doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine after consumer demand plummets
Switzerland to destroy 9M expired doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine after consumer demand plummets
Switzerland is set to destroy nine million expired doses of Moderna’s mRNA Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine. Another 5.1 million doses are due to meet the same fate by February 2023.
Reuters noted that the wastage reflects the Swiss strategy of ordering more vaccines than it needed to ensure its population of around 8.7 million would get sufficient supplies, even in the event of supply…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Link
0 notes
Text
Nations are destroying Millions of Moderna Covid19 Vaccines
Nations are Destroying Millions of Moderna Covid19 Vaccines #Moderna #ModernaVaccines #Covid19Vaccines #Wastage #Swiss
9 million doses of Moderna will be disposed of in Switzerland (MRNA.O) The government announced that 5.1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine that have passed their expiration date will follow suit by February.
The wastage is a result of Switzerland’s decision to acquire more vaccines than was necessary to ensure that its population of 8.7 million people would have access to enough doses even in…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
Maharashtra: State’s net waste of Corbevax doses 14.31%, above 10% permissible limit
Maharashtra: State’s net waste of Corbevax doses 14.31%, above 10% permissible limit
Due to the drop in demand for Covid-19 vaccines, Maharashtra’s net waste of Corbevax, India’s first indigenously developed RBD protein subunit vaccine, is 14.31 per cent — higher than the estimated allowable vaccine waste of 10 per cent. Corbevax was introduced on March 16. A total of 17 districts in the state have recorded net vaccine wastage above 15 per cent.
The most waste was in Parbhani at…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
20.7 million COVID-19 vaccines wasted in the Philippines – DOH
20.7 million COVID-19 vaccines wasted in the Philippines – DOH
(1st UPDATE) 'Sa ngayon, lumalabas na mas mababa ang mga threshold sa acceptable wastage level ng WHO. But billions are still billions,' says Senator Risa Hontiveros
Read Full News @ Rappler
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
Using some sort of disposable syringe avoids the transmission of blood-borne pathogens
On the subject of the safety regarding vaccines, the the first thing is to decide on a high-quality, Disposable Mucus Extractor Suppliers disposable syringe that is constructed of medical grade pp. Your Luer Lock Health Disposable Vaccine Syringe by using 23G Needles includes excellent slidability, a new graduation line, including a safety cap. These features make sure the safe storage and use of syringes.
Using some sort of disposable syringe avoids the transmission of blood-borne pathogens. Because syringes may be sterilized, reuse seriously isn't recommended. Besides, they undertake more space than a single dose with vaccine. In supplement, they are not sterilized allowing it to carry harmful microorganisms. Furthermore, they consume 10 times more space than a vaccine. In 2015, the head of your international organization and also the CEO of top-notch COVID-19 vaccine maker met to explore the pressing dependence on more disposable syringes.
In order to combat this trouble, UNICEF has announced it will purchase your billion disposable syringes by 2021. These syringes are going to be used for the COVID-19 vaccination strategy in participating countries with the COVAX Facility. Then again, the syringes may differ in formulation in addition to storage requirements. Having said that, they will often be of the auto-dissolvable type, which is approved from the World Health Company.
WHO estimates that by end of 2019, seven billion people will be needing two doses from the coronavirus vaccine. This is why it's important with regard to manufacturers to creation more disposable syringes. Additionally, these syringes have added advantage with saving time as well as money because they does not have to be sterilized in addition to reused. The SoloShot can be distributed by UNICEF. In the recent study, the autodestruct syringe provided more doses per vial approach disposable syringe.
The most important benefits of your Disposable Vaccine Syringe is its easy use. They are more quickly and easier to make use of and are more accurate over a disposable syringe. This makes them the best choice for immunization advertisments and reduces wastage with vaccines. They also be sure the safety with the vaccination by reducing chance of product contaminants. The SoloShot is a very efficient syringe that is certainly compatible with all shapes and sizes of needles.
A Disposable Vaccine Syringe is one of the best way to provide a safe vaccine. The AD syringe hair automatically after a single use, reducing the risk of infections through contaminated needles. At the moment, UNICEF routinely procures disposable syringes for that vaccination of children around the globe. Until the final few decades, children were vaccinated together with reusable syringes and also were exposed on the risk of bloodborne diseases as well as other complications.
As the disposable syringe isn't a reusable syringe, it will have many strengths. The SoloShot is usually more accurate, safer, and faster as opposed to disposable syringe. This can be a great alternative into the needle-based syringe allowing it to reduce wastage of vaccines. These products undoubtedly are a must-have for every single clinic. The important things about using them cannot be overstated.
0 notes
Text
1.1 Billion Covid 19 Vaccine Wastage
1.1 Billion Covid 19 Vaccine Wastage
The Developing as well as least developed nations among others are yet to meet the Covid 19 vaccine target even as a new finding reported of having wasted 1.1 billion vaccines since the global rollout began.
The new findings by Airfinity, a global health surveillance firm, released on Monday showed a ten per cent wastage rate from June 2021 when global dose sharing began. This rate is taken from…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Quote
Various organisations, including the WHO and UNICEF had called out countries to share vaccines equitably during the pandemic. Several rich countries also dumped about 100 million Covid-19 vaccines that were near expiry to the third world nations. "The vaccines were developed with unprecedented public funding and should be global public goods. But instead, vaccine monopolies have concentrated manufacturing and distribution in a handful of countries. And the needs of developing countries have been treated as an afterthought," said Julia Kosgei, policy advisor to global health campaigners the People's Vaccine Alliance.
‘1.1 billion Covid vaccine doses wasted globally: Report’, Deccan Herald
#Deccan Herald#vaccine wastage#WHO#UNICEF#vaccine inequity#Covid-19#third world nations#vaccine dumping#Julia Kosgei#People's Vaccine Alliance
6 notes
·
View notes
Text
Cold Chain Industry Will Hit Big Revenues In Future
The cold chain market refers to the infrastructure and processes used to ensure the quality and safety of temperature-sensitive products throughout the supply chain. This is particularly crucial for industries such as pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, and chemicals, where maintaining specific temperature conditions is vital. The cold chain industry encompasses the entire ecosystem of temperature-controlled logistics, and efficient cold storage facilities are essential for ensuring the integrity of the cold chain. Cold chain storage is a fundamental component of the broader cold chain market. The global cold chain market value is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 9.0%, reaching $278.2 billion in 2023 and $428.4 billion by the end of 2028.
Key components of the cold chain include cold chain storage, refrigerated storage, transportation, and monitoring systems. Here are some key points about the cold chain market:
Pharmaceuticals: The pharmaceutical industry heavily relies on the cold chain to transport and store vaccines, biologics, and other temperature-sensitive medications. This has become especially important with the distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.
Food and Beverages: Perishable goods, including fresh produce, dairy products, and frozen foods, require a controlled temperature environment to prevent spoilage and maintain quality.
Technological Advances: The cold chain market has seen advancements in technology, such as temperature-monitoring devices, RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) systems, and data analytics, to ensure real-time tracking and traceability.
Regulatory Compliance: Strict regulations and standards, especially in the pharmaceutical and food industries, drive the need for compliance with temperature control measures to guarantee product safety and efficacy.
Emerging Markets: With the globalization of supply chains, there is an increasing demand for cold chain solutions in emerging markets, where infrastructure development is a key focus.
Environmental Concerns: There is a growing emphasis on environmentally friendly and energy-efficient cold chain solutions to reduce the environmental impact of temperature-controlled logistics.
E-commerce and Cold Chain: The rise of online grocery shopping and e-commerce has further emphasized the importance of efficient cold chain logistics for the timely and safe delivery of perishable goods.
To know more get PDF Copy: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=811
Market driver: Increasing need for temperature control to prevent food loss and potential health hazards
Food security, food safety, economic and environmental sustainability, and minimal food waste are major focus areas in the food industry. Food loss and waste are caused due to various reasons. For instance, perishable products are often exposed to fluctuating temperatures during transit and handling, which results in food spoilage and wastage. To overcome this, the demand for refrigerated storage and transportation services has increased across the globe. According to UNEP 2021, an estimated 17% of total food produced for human consumption is wasted, costing the world economy USD 936 billion each year. Food loss is caused by the absence of cold chains during food processing, packaging, distribution, and consumption. According to the International Institute of Refrigeration 2021, a lack of proper refrigeration directly led in a loss of 526 million tons of food production, or 12% of total global production.
This is enough to feed an estimated 1 billion people in a world where 811 million people are hungry and 3 billion cannot afford a nutritious diet. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) 2021, India is one of the world’s largest food producers and has a lot of food produced in the country to meet its food requirements, but because of the fragmented and unorganized supply chain, storage, and logistics, gives an inadequate food distribution system. Each year, over USD 14 billion in crops are wasted owing to inefficient cold chain and disorganized logistics. According to a 2021 study on All India Cold Chain Infrastructure Capacity (Assessment of Status & Gap) conducted by NABARD Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd. (NABCONS) for the National Centre for Cold Chain Development (NCCD) under the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation, and Farmers Welfare in the Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, the country’s requirement for cold storage is 35 million MT, while the capacity for such storage is around 32 million MT. According to Colliers’ newest report, opportunities in Indian cold chain assets, India’s cold storage capacity is expected to reach 40.7 million metric tons by 2023, up 8.2% from 2020.
Make an Inquiry: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Enquiry_Before_BuyingNew.asp?id=811
The e-commerce industry is growing rapidly in the Asia Pacific region, which is driving the demand for cold chain logistics for the last-mile delivery of temperature-sensitive products, such as fresh food, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Governments in the Asia Pacific region are investing in the development of cold chain infrastructure to support the growth of the food and pharmaceutical industries. For instance, the Indian government has launched the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana to create modern infrastructure for the food processing industry, which includes cold chain logistics. The growing demand for food products, increasing urbanization, rising e-commerce industry, government initiatives, and focus on sustainability are driving the growth of the cold chain market in the Asia Pacific region.
0 notes
Text
1.1 Billion Covid 19 Vaccine Wastage
1.1 Billion Covid 19 Vaccine Wastage
The Developing as well as least developed nations among others are yet to meet the Covid 19 vaccine target even as a new finding reported of having wasted 1.1 billion vaccines since the global rollout began.
The new findings by Airfinity, a global health surveillance firm, released on Monday showed a ten per cent wastage rate from June 2021 when global dose sharing began. This rate is taken from…
View On WordPress
0 notes
Text
Shortcuts To Configuration Regarding Blackjack PLay That Only A Few Know About
The tailored style and shape in the automatic equipment give you assurance of the similar level of security in each bundle going out involving your production home. But this is not plenty of to meet the company goals without losing sight of budget. If of course, look into the article to be able to know how packaging machines can help you accomplish your business target. Automated packaging devices can help you achieve this aim easily. Automated equipment use a collection level of material plus work on the pre-fixed conditions for trimming size and designs, which reduces the chances of mistakes and further the particular wastage. From the colours towards the design, cutting shape in addition to product information on the particular pack, you can test out everything to be able to create your brand identity. To expand your business in the highly competitive surroundings, you need in order to create an exclusive brand image that stays in consumers' mind. Every brand is coming up with new tactics and marketing ideas to grab a brand new market. more info here
Growing competitors and rising fees in the meals business have compelled the business owners to look for new marketing strategies and plans to increase their business. Nevertheless Pinker gives out a sensation that will we have also made great advancement. Pinker carefully dissociates himself from certitude, but at typically the very end involving the book, his / her purely rational insights seem to possess yielded to a new more empathetic sense of the fundamental unity of almost all things. In typically the early 19th hundred years, he says, life span did not generally exceed 30 many years, but due to modern day medicine, it is currently 72. 4. For the majority of of human history, ç¾åä¹ä¹å of the human population lived in extreme low income, but that determine have been reduced to be able to 9%. War is usually still with us nevertheless has been substantially reduced, as need human sacrifice, captivity, despotism, the persecution of heretics as well as the oppression of ladies and minorities. Spiritual persecution, once widespread, has decreased; homosexuality is mainly no more a crime; and slavery, if not necessarily entirely eradicated, is no longer common. You do certainly not have to get to a gambling parlour to be able to location a bet any further as you could do this on your computer.
? Typically the equality of sentient beings, grounded throughout the logical irrelevance of the distinction between? me? plus? you?, is an idea that people through the ages find, pass along, plus extend to brand new living things, broadening the circle of sympathy like moral dark energy.? Mystics in all the major faith based traditions have also imagined the actual view as a holy energy that infuses the world in a series of ever-expanding concentric circles - a new force that moves beyond the modern, reductive notion of? God?. Less than the year after Covid-19 emerged, scientists reached the magnificent task of discovering some sort of vaccine, yet from the same time there were an eruption of irrational conspiracy theories: the pandemic was a hoax, some sort of plot by worldwide elites to manage the world economic system or a bioweapon engineered in some sort of Chinese laboratory. Luckily, there is a good option using which often you can combat the increasing spending without compromising together with the quality of your own products and can win the trust associated with your customers. 바카라사이트 This specific option to retain your business environmentally friendly and healthy amongst competition is usually to commit in automatic supplying machines.
The attacking team? s ahead try to produce their way in the penalty box to try and score an objective, even though the defending team attempts to keep the ball and opposition players as considerably away from typically the penalty box because they can. Whilst Tiger has acquired at Congressional ahead of, the closer parallel is 2006. This kind of year's National title is probably to produce a new winning score over par. The Chiefs? explosive offense plus capacity to score bunches of points throughout an almost no time often offered them a better than league normal for over/unders. Nevertheless, Pinker points out, we are witnessing some sort of disturbing surge associated with irrationality. At the end of typically the book, Pinker creates:? Our ability to be able to eke the increments of wellbeing out of a pitiless cosmos and become good to others, despite our problematic nature, depends about grasping impartial rules that transcend the parochial experience.? His quest for purpose has, after almost all, segued into a new recognition that transcendence is no air travel from critical pondering, but an inescapable a part of our human race. We worked out there our costs in order to be the many reduced conceivable on the other hand in the meantime giving astounding organizations as a normal. However, what that can perform is make you more careful plus humble as a thinker, more wide open to looking back to the inside and assessing the skills and reliability of your evidence and your own reasoning processes, even more happy to update your current priors in the face of new information-all that will enhance your odds involving getting things correct.
1 note
·
View note
Text
Only 0.22 pc COVID-19 vaccine wastage in Maha: Congress
Only 0.22 pc COVID-19 vaccine wastage in Maha: Congress
Image Source : PTI
The Maharashtra Congress on Tuesday said the COVID-19 vaccine wastage in the state was only 0.22 per cent
The Maharashtra Congress on Tuesday said the COVID-19 vaccine wastage in the state was only 0.22 percent and not six percent as claimed by Union minister Prakash Javadekar.
The Congress also said that only 23,547 vaccine doses were left in Maharashtra and asked how can…
View On WordPress
1 note
·
View note
Last Seen Blogs
shopaholicssm
Shopaholics_sm
miitarion
miitara
uksocascene-blog
UK Soca Scene
czarinakanaeva
czarinakanaeva
herculesmulligan-quotes
Brah Brah