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University of British Sauder scholarships and awards for International Students 2023-Apply Now
University of British Sauder scholarships and awards for International Students 2023-Apply Now
Applications are hereby invited from interested and outstanding students for University of British Sauder scholarships and awards. These opportunities are highly competitive and are available to student who wish to enrol in a degree program at the University.
The UBC Sauder School of Business is pleased to offer a number of financial aid, support and assistance options available to both Canadian…
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Miliardi di pianeti nella Via Lattea possono ospitare la vita
Ci sono oltre 6 miliardi di esopianeti come la Terra nella nostra galassia, la ricerca degli scienziati. Uno studio del 2020 calcola in oltre 6 miliardi di esopianeti simili alla nostra Terra presenti nella sola Via Lattea, la nostra galassia: i dettagli.
Possono esistere fino a un pianeta simile alla Terra per ogni cinque stelle simili al Sole nella Via Lattea, secondo le stime del 2020 degli astronomi dell’Università della Columbia Britannica che utilizzano i dati della missione Kepler della NASA (missione terminata).
Per essere considerato simile alla Terra, un pianeta deve essere roccioso con un diametro simile a quello terrestre e in orbita attorno a stelle come il Sole (tipo G).
Rappresentazione artistica di esopianeti. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/R. Hurt (SSC-Caltech)
Inoltre gli esopianeti devono orbitare nelle zone abitabili delle proprie stelle, la giusta distanza affinché ci sia una temperatura atta a poter “ospitare” acqua liquida, e potenzialmente vita, sulla sua superficie.
Un numero enorme di pianeti extrasolari
Le stime precedenti della frequenza dei pianeti simili alla Terra andavano da circa 0,02 pianeti potenzialmente abitabili (per stella simile al Sole) ad uno. In genere, i pianeti come la Terra sono più difficili da individuare rispetto agli altri tipi, poiché sono piccoli e orbitano lontani dalle loro stelle.
Ciò significa che un catalogo planetario rappresenta solo un piccolo sottoinsieme dei pianeti che sono effettivamente in orbita attorno alle stelle. Gli scienziati hanno usato una tecnica nota come “modellazione in avanti” per superare questi limiti.
Il radius gap
La ricerca ha anche fatto luce su una delle questioni più importanti della scienza degli esopianeti: il “radius gap” dei pianeti. Il divario di raggio dimostra che non è comune per i pianeti, con periodi orbitali inferiori a 100 giorni, avere una dimensione compresa tra 1,5 e 2 volte quella della Terra.
I ricercatori hanno scoperto che il divario del raggio esiste in un intervallo molto più ristretto di periodi orbitali di quanto si pensasse in precedenza. La ricerca continua!
Fonte: UBC science
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Dreams maybe do come true
On February 19th 2018 I was so frustrated. Will I go to UBC or will I not? I was thinking about it so much that I even had a dream about getting an acceptance letter from UBC. The next morning I very hesitantly checked my email. Nothing from UBC. Then I checked my SSC. And there it was “Congratulations!” I was in shock and felt tears rolling down my cheeks. I finally made it. I made everyone in my life including myself proud, I showed it to my haters that I’m worth so much more than what they saw me as. It was time to leave. It was time to go 22 hours away from home. I was excited, nervous and sad. Leaving family is always hard. Leaving your childhood home is so hard. But I was also looking forward to living a new life. A different life. I was lucky enough to find the most amazing group of girls in the first week of university itself. They are so supportive and still continue to hype me up. They constantly boost my morale. I started feeling better about myself. I started feeling competent specially when I wasn’t afraid of doing things by myself. Going off campus alone, eating alone, and so on. There was a different kind of freedom. I started falling in love with city of Vancouver and started falling in love with myself and the people around me, started feeling so grateful and blessed. University was everything I expected. Although my academics aren’t the best and I don’t feel fully accomplished, l know that the things I am taking back with me are life skills and lessons.
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(Via: Hacker News)
This post is updated as new usenet maps are posted on olduse.net.
April 1986 map of backbone sites only:
Here is the backbone as of 1 April 1986: olduse.net | (wormhole to 2016) | cbosgd-----------------------------------clyde---------watmath--------utzoo | | | ihnp4-------alberta------ubc-vision burl linus | \ | | | | mgnetp uw-beaver ulysses--------------bellcore | | | \ | | tektronix-----------------------------------decvax | | / | qantel---------------------\ | /---------oliveb-----glacier-----decwrl | | \|/ | | kddlab----------------hplabs-------sdcrdcf | | | | | | | | | sdcsvax | | | (see below) hao | | | | / | drillsys | | |/ | | | | mcvax-----------------seismo--------gatech----------akgua---------mcnc | /|\ | lll-lcc-----lll-crg---------/ | \---------cmcl2-----------------------philabs | munnari This is the European backbone (mcvax feeds all of them): penet enea diku unido penet -> Finland | \ | / enea -> Sweden | \ | / diku -> Denmark | \ | / unido -> W. Germany | \ | / vmucnam -> France vmucnam--+----------mcvax------cernvax mcvax -> Netherlands | / | \ cernvax -> Switzerland | / | \ ukc -> Great Britain | / | \ prlb2 -> Belgium | / | \ i2unix -> Italy vmars ukc prlb2 i2unix vmars -> Austria
(Shout out to anon.penet.fi which penet later provided! --Joey)
July 1983 map:
The map is up to 519 sites in North America plus 29 sites in Europe. and 1 in Australia. It is becoming increasingly three-dimensional. Because of this, there is one crossover on the map, as well as a number (16) of connections that are keyed in with numbers (so that (1) connects to (1) and so on). Reading the map: -, |, and + indicate connections. Lines never pass through a +, which always indicate where the connecting line ends or changes direction. Logical buses are represented by =. This means that a site such as hplabs is indicated by the entire string of characters as follows: +====+=hao===+====+. olduse.net \ (wormhole to 2013) USENET LOGICAL MAP - July 10,1983 \ Karen Shannon (sun!kas) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- orstcs kirk ssovax--interlab ism750 ism780 images ico hscfvax hscvax mit-eddie--mit-vax--(3) \ utcsstat utecfa trigraph munodie watcecit uw70 auvax | | | | | | | | | | | \ | | | | | | | arizona denelcor | hp-cvd icalqa--omsvax cfib--+=====+==ima==+=====+-----n44a--wjh12-----genrad--grkermit--masscomp \ +==+==utcsrgv=====+----garfield wateng uw-vlsi--uw-june (16) mprvaxa alberta | | | | | | | | | | | | | | \ | | | | | | kpno csu-cs--hp-dcd--hp-pcd (9) | aus86 (11) inmet imd ipa | rayssd--brunix--foxvax1 | kobold--orc dciem-utzoo---------watmath------------watdaisy teltone--+==uw-beaver==+--ubc-vision | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +====+=hao===+====+--+=+===+=+=hplabs==========+-----sri-unix-----cca--------------------------+=+=+=====+===linus======+======+ hcr watarts watcgl uvicctr--ssc-vax | ubc-medgen | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (5) cires | | | oliveb hpda------+ hplabsc yale-comix | csin unh vortex wivax | security--vaxine | cg-d cwrunix--cwruecmp--medman microsoft--fluke--oz (13) sfucmpt | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | opus--nbires | | hplabsb hpdb--hpdc | twg packet +===+======+======+=====+========+===+=====decvax=========|===+=================+============+==+==========+===================+===========+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | utastro--ut-ngp | | avsdF hptabu | | wdl1 sco | | flairvax | bmcg--felix sdchema noscvax | sbcs rdin sunrise micomz | | twin40--unc-c mi-cec--idis--pitt--dri0 | adiron | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | nsc--menlo70 | avsdS--atd--dsd--fortune------amd70 | | ios | (9)--sdcrdcf-------------+==sdcsvax===+--+===+=philabs====+----micomvax | | dvamc--+=====+===mcnc===++===+---+===duke+=+--phs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | varian syteka--sytek | avsdT p500vax--megatest--sun--decwrl--qubix | trw-unix--scgvaxd sdccsu3 | | (12) | nybcb rocky2 | | ikonas (10)--ncsu tucc--+unc+ (2) ucf-cs--fau | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (15)--+===+=======zehntel====================+ ubvax altos86 turtlevax | trwspf trwspp sdcatta--sdcattb | rna--+====+=cmcl2+=+--cmcl1 | | uvacs ecs brl-bmd uf-che | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | zinfandel zps | (13) tekid tekcad +------------+ ucsfcgl | | sdcarl | | lanl-a esquire | | ied102 udrelay | | | | | | | | | | | | | | bronze--+==tekmdp==+--+====+=+==tektronix+==+==+----ucbcad--+====ucbvax=+====+ phonlab-------sdcsla unm-ivax cubs45 | | ittral ndcuts qumix | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | crimson dadla iddic tekchips reed | tekecs ucbesvax ucbtopaz unmvax nmtvax | +====+==ittvax=======+--bunker--bunkerb | | | | | | | | | | | dadla-a | | tekgds | sequel--ogcvax--metheus--cdi populi cda5d llkp03 hound houx[j,h,s,v] | wxlvax dcdwest sii--hei44 | | | | | | | | | dadla-b--+ dadla-d teklabs hogpd (11) hocsf--hocs[d-e,g-k,t] wb2---houxz--wbux5 whuxk houxa houxk--houxw hou2[a-b] houx[c-d,i,l,r,u,y] | | | | | | | | | | | | (4) eisx--npoiv--npois--------+=====+====hogpc+========+---------------------+======+=====++======+====houxm====+=====++====+=====+--houem | | | | | | | | | | whuxlb--pyuxll--abnjh astrovax (8) (6) cbrap cbosg houx[b,e,g,n,o-q,t] uofm-cv--mb2c (7) gatech---msdc--(10) hocda (8) houxf | | | | | | | | | | | | | | gummo pyuxqq princeton | osu-dbs--+====+==cbosgd=+====+--mddc hfhrv--mb2b bpa--sb6--emory itm (2) | machaids--5941ux | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | pyuxk | circe--ulysses--mhuxa----mhuxi cbscd5 nscs (1) scbhq--+===+=sb1====+--+=====burl=+===+--spanky--alfalfa | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------- | pyuxvv | | pyuxjj pyuxcc | aluxz | cbscc cbrmc att3--ll1--ll1b mgweed (14) clyde | tpsa hou5b | | Additional Connections: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +=====+==+===pyuxi===+===+--mhuxm | | mork-cb tty3b--+==otuxa==+--+=====+=we13======+ hou5d--hou5a odin | | (1) cbosgd--ihnp4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (2) duke--burl | | u1100a pyuxss pyuxhh | pyuxl | mhuxd | | nwuxd inuxb inuxd we53--kcwin uniq hou5e--hou5f--orion--houca | | (3) eagle--mit-vax | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (4) floyd--whuxlb | | u1100s pyuxdd--pyuxnn mhuxv | | uicsg ccvaxa moria inuxa--+=+======inuxc======+--ixn5c hou5c ariel--houti---(6) | | (5) hao--seismo | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (6) hogpc--houca and hogpc--houti | | pyuxmm mhuxr mhuxj | uicsl--+==+=uiucdcs====+------------pur-ee--iuvax--isrnix inuxe | tesla | pegasus--maxvax | | (7) houxm--ihnp4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (8) houxm--mhuxa | | research mhuxh----mhuxt uiucuxc--uiucsrl parsec | ecn-pa--ecn-pc--ecn-ed | cornell----vax135--------floyd-------+ | | (9) hplabs--sdcrdcf | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (10) ncsu--msdc | | rabbit--alice allegra hlexa--hlhop | uiuceml ctvax minn-ua | ecn-ec pucc-i | (16) (4) | | | (11) omsvax--ogcvax | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (12) philabs--seismo | | +====+==+==+====+=eagle================+ trsvax umn-cs purdue-----pucc-h--pur-phy | cvl--umcp-cs--aplvax | | | (13) tektronix--decvax and tektronix--uw-beaver | | | | | | | | | | | | (14) we13--ihnp4 | | | mh3bs (3) rocks34--rocksvax--sunybcs burdvax--psuvax stolaf ncrday--cincy (15) | +-rlgvax dvlcn slinac | | | (15) zehntel--ihnp4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (16) uw-beaver--cornell | | | mhtsa crystal--uwvax | tropix ritvp presby psupdp1 +===============ihnp4====+=+======+ | uf-cgrl sask--hssg40--adec23 | | ---------------------------------------------------- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | wheps electrolux | rochester--ritcv--ccieng5 | (5) (12) (1) cdlncch--laidbak (14) (7) | beesvax--utah-cs--utah-gr--pwa-b | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | zeppo cit-vax--+==+======+============seismo====+===+=======+----------------------------------------------+ | | | | | | | | | | +===+====+=========================================+========================================harpo===================================+====================+=+ EUROPE ________________________________________________________________________________ North American Map | philabs | hirst1 ru-cc44 west44 | ibt sara70 | | | | | | | ru-cs44 root44 vu44 | diku nlgvax | vmucnam | | | | | | | | | comet--+======ukc======+=====+-----+=mcvax=+=+===+====+====+--vub | | | | | | | | logica--+===edcaad===+ regi | dutesta | zti1 | mcpdp45 | | | | | | +=edmiru=+ | philmds uvapsy mcpdp34 | | | | edee--edai--edmrc | | +===glasgow==+--glhocus AUSTRALIA ________________________________________________________________________________ basservax--sdchema--North American Map (australia) IHNP4 - Leaf nodes ________________________________________________________________________________ ihtnt ihux[a-b,e-f,h-x] ihps[1-4] iwlc[5-8] ixhte ih1ap | | | | | | ihldt | ihnet ihnss ihpad | ih4ep | ihnp1 | ihnp3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | ihn5i--+===+==+===+======+====ihnp4=+===+====+====+===+===+===+--ihu1[e-f] | | | | | | | | | | | | | ihn5l ihlts | ihtpa | ihhfl | ihu1e | ihu1f | | | | | | | iwsl[1-7] ixn5[d-h,k,o] iwu1[a-d] ihima ihhfl iheds DRUX* (Currently isolated) ________________________________________________________________________________ druxs--drux[h-r,t-z]
April 1983 map:
USENET LOGICAL MAP - April 2, 1983 Karen Shannon (sun!kas) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- olduse.net az70 aus86 omsvax orstcs kirk ism750 n44a images ico alberta--ubc-vision--sfucmpt wjh12--foxvax1 utcsstat--utcsrgv--trigraph / | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (wormhole arizona ssovax--+=icalqa=+ hp-pcd--hp-cvd cfib--+=====+==ima==+=====+ ubc-medgen | mprvaxa grkermit--genrad--mitccc wateng--watdaisy | dciem / to 2013) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | / kpno nbires--cires | | hplabsb hplabsc inmet imd ipa | ism780 teltone--uw-beaver--uw-june--uw70 | linus--security watmath---+==utzoo==+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cvl +====+=hao=======+=+--+===hplabs+=+========+-----sri-unix-------cca--csin microsoft--fluke--vax1 uw-vlsi | wivax vaxine watarts watcgl hcr | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | rlgvax--+ | crystal | csu-cs hpda-------+ brunix--rayssd | cg-d | ssc-vax vax2 vortex unh | | medman--cwruecmp--cwrunix | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | presby--seismo--uwvax | hpdb--hpdc | yale-comix--+===+==+===+========++=============+=====+=decvax=+===+============+===============+===+=====+ | | | | | | | | | | | burdvax | rocksvax | avsdF hptabu | twg | sultan | ittapp | ndcuts tpdcvax twin40--web40 mi-cec--idis--pitt--dri0 | adiron | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ritcv--rochester menlo70 avsdS--atd--dsd--fortune--wdl1 | | +====ittvax==+=====+--bunker ikonas--+===+=mcnc=+=+==+---+====duke+==+--phs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | rocks34 syteka--sytek avsdT p500vax--megatest--sun--decwrl--amd70 | qumix sii dcdwest wxlvax uvacs--ncsu tucc--+unc+ ucf-cs--uf-che | | | | | | | | | | | | | varian--zehntel--zps ubvax altos86 | flairvax | trwspf trwspp +=====sdcsvax===+--sdchema msdc ecs brl-bmd fau | | | | | | | | | | | | | crimson | tekchips tekid turtlevax | trw-unix--+ | sdcsla | philabs--+ emory udrelay unm-ivax--nmtvax | | | | | | | | | | | | | | bronze--tekmdp----+=======tektronix==+=======+--ucbcad--+====ucbvax======+ sdcrdcf--sdccsu3 phonlab | micomvax | cmcl1 nybcb rocky2 lanl-a cubs45 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | dadla-a iddic reed--teklabs tekcad populi | ucbonyx bmcg sdcattb--sdcatta noscvax +===+====cmcl2=====+======+---esquire---+| | | | | | | || dadla-b--dadla tektinker sequel--ogcvax--metheus--cdi ucsfcgl maxvax sdcarl tpsa--spanky e f g j (hocs*) | sbcs || | | | | | | | | | || dadla-d u1100s----------------------------u1100a pegasus 5941ux--machaids--hocda d--+=hocsb==+--k | peri || | | | | | | | | || +======================|==npois============+-------------+=========+=======houxm=====+ (houx*) q r y +==houxz===+=+----hou5d--hou5a +===floyd====+|| | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | whuxlb | wbux5 sescent | cbosg whuxk hogpb----------b--+==+houxa+==+--+=houxi==+--p ihps3 hou5e vax135 ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| npoiv------------eisx--pyuxbb osu-dbs--cbosgd--nscs---rmc hogpc v----h--j--k c f o hound uofm-cv npoiv hou5c | cornell ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | abnjh--pyuxll | mhuxd mhuxi--aluxz mork-cb t--n bpa--sb6 scbhq +---mb2b--uofm-hfh hou5f--hou5b | uw-beaver ||| | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | pyuxmm--pyuxdd burl--mhuxv--mhuxj s att3--ll1--+====sb1===+--burl--kcwin--we53 houxe orion--ariel ||| | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | pyuxcc--+==pyuxjj==+--mhuxm | +===+==otuxa=======+---+====we13===+-----------+=lime=+----houti--houca ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | pyuxk------pyuxl | | we04-3b nwuxc inuxa inuxb inuxd uniq hoh-2 houxg deimos ||| | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | pyuxss pyuxvv | | uicsg uiuccsl moria princeton +=====+==inuxc======+----ixn5c--druxs--drux[h-r,t-z] ||| | | | | | | | | | ||| | | research hlexa--bwkna--mhuxh | uicsl--+==+=uiucdcs====+------------pur-ee--iuvax--isrnix | iwlc8 iwsl1 ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | | | rabbit mhb5c--+=mhuxa=+ | uiucuxc--uiuceml parsec minn-ua | ecn-pa--ecn-pb--ecn-ed | iwlc7--iwsl3--iwsl2 ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | +--alice princeton--mhb5b mhuxt----+ uiucsrl ihtnt ctvax umn-cs purdue--------pucc-h--pur-phy | ihps2----iwsl4--iwlc6 ||| | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | mhtsa-----+====eagle=======+====+ ihlpb ihldt ihps1 stolaf ncrday--cincy pucc-i ihhfl | | iwsl5 iwsl6 ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | mh3bs allegra--psuvax mit-vax | iham1 ihlts | ixlpa | ixn5k | ihps3 | ihnss ixn5h iheds ihn5i | | | ihuxk--ih1ap ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | dvlcn slinac masscomp | +======+===+===+===+===+===+=====+=+=+=+==+=+=+===++==+===+===+==+=+=ihnp4=======+===+======+ ||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | wheps psi sask--hssg40--adec23 | ihnet ihps4 ixlpc | ihwld | | ihpad | ixlpb | ixn5e ihtpa | ihux[a-j,l-u,w,x] ||| | | | | | | | | | | | ||| | zeppo utah-cs--utah-gr--pwa-b | inmet--esquire ihnp1 ih4ep ixn5d ihima ixn5c cdlncch--laidbak--trsvax ||| | | | | | ||| +===+========+=======================+===+======================================harpo==================================================================+++ EUROPE ________________________________________________________________________________ North American Map | philabs | regi vu44 | diku--ibt edcaad | | | | | ukc--+==+=mcvax=+=====+--edee--edmiru | | vub dutestaa The map is up to 448 sites in North America plus 11 sites in Europe. It is becoming increasingly three-dimensional. Because of this, there is one crossover on the map, as well as seven sites that appear twice. Those sites are: burl, esquire, ihps3, inmet, npoiv, princeton, and uw-beaver. Reading the map: -, |, and + indicate connections. Lines never pass through a +, which always indicate where the connecting line ends or changes direction. Logical buses are represented by =. This means that a site such as hplabs is indicated by the entire string of characters as follows: +===hplabs+=+========+.
October 1982 map:
USENET Logical Map - October 28, 1982 Karen Shannon (sun!kas) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- olduse.net | ssovax gsp86 omsvax ism750 images ico ubc-vision fluke--ssc-vax grkermit | utcsstat--utcsrgv--trigraph | | | | | | | | | (wormhole | rascal--+====intelqa===+ orstcs hpda2 n44a--+====+=ima====+ uw-beaver--microsoft genradbolton to 2012)--==utzoo==--watmath--watarts | | | | | | | | | | | | kpno csu-cs | hp-pcd hpda imd ipa | ism780 uw-june | cwrunix--cwruecmp | sultan wivax hcr | cg-d yale-comix | | | | | | | | | | | | | | arizona nsc--menlo70----hao----+===hplabs===+--sri-unix---------cca---+======+========+====+======decvax==+====+====+=======+========+===+=====+==+=======+ | | | | | | | | | | psi--gi------------sytek cires atd--dsd--fortune ubvax csin | | ittapp | bunker qumix mi-cec--idis--pitt ikonas adiron | ucf-cs | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | varian--zehntel amd70--megatest-----sun--decwrl | +===ittvax=+=====+ ncsu--+=====mcnc=====+---+==+==duke=+======+| | | | | | | | | | | | || metheus--ogcvax | tekid tekcad ucbarpa ucb ucbernie altos86 | tpdcvax sii | dcdwest noscvax web40 brl-bmd--+unc+--tucc phs || | | | | | | | | | | | | || azure--tekmdp--+===+=teklabs===+---ucbcad--+=====+=+====+===ucbvax===+==========+ sdchema--+====sdcsvax===+ nybca udrelay || | | | | | | | | | | | | | | || dadla-a--dadla | tekcrd | reed populi ucbonyx ucbopt | ucsfcgl sdccsu3 | philabs nybcb acf2 rocky2 cubs45 || | | | | | | | | | | | | | | || dadla-b | tekchips iddic bio u1100s-------------|---------------+ sdcattb--sdcatta +======+==+=cmcl2=====+======+-----esquire----------+|| | | | | | | | | | ||| dadla-d tektinker | eiss | | sdcarl phonlab e f g lanl-a sbcs--peri--+=======floyd===+=====+||| | | | | | | | | |||| desoto--pyuxdd--pyuxbb--eisx--vtxa | | (houx*) d--hocsb--j hou5d--hou5a machaids--5941ux | |||| | | | | | | | | | | |||| +=================npoiv==================+-----+=======npois=====+ m a b c d f h j z k (hocs*) | hound hocda wbux1 | | |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | research | sescent--+===cbosgd===+--cbosg +===+====+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==houxi=======+====+=======+======+===+ | |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | rabbit--+=alice=+ aluxz--mhuxi--mhuxj osu-dbs | | | n o p r s t v w y u1100a odin--orion--deimos--ariel----vax135 |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | physics | pyuxll mhuxv | nscs | | princeton win--we53 burdvax hoh-2 houxe | houxg oberon | cornell |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | mitccc | pyuxjj--mhuxm | rmas70 | | we04-3b--otuxa--we13-----+=======+=lime=+===+===+----------houti--houca |||| | | | | | | | | | | |||| | mit-vax | bwkna--mhuxh | mork-cb | | nwuxc uniq ihlpb ixlpa a b c d e g h i j k l m |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | | hlexa mhuxa | | | inuxa--+==inuxc==+---+=ixn5c==+----+==+==+==+==+==druxs=+==+==+==+==+ |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | psuvax | mhb5c mhuxt | | uiuceml | inuxb inuxd | ixlpc n o p q r t u v w x y z |||| | | | | | | | | | |||| | linus--allegra | mh3bs rdb | whuxlb chico | | uicsovax | isrnix | (drux*) |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | +===mhtsa==+---------eagle--wheps--zeppo---------whuxk | uiucdcs--pur-ee--iuvax | iwlc8 iwsl1 iwsl6 |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | wjh12 hpuxa | | whonxa | pur-phy--purdue--ncrday | iwlc7--+==iwls3=+--iwsl4 |||| | | | | | | | | | |||| | slinac | | umncs--minn-ua | ihnss ecn-pa | ihtpa | iwsl2 iwsl5 ih1ap |||| | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | sask--hssg40--adec23 | | stolaf | | ixn5h ihnp1 ihnp2 | | ihnp4 | a b c d e f g h i j k l |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | utah-cs--utah-gr | | ihps4--+==+==+======+===+===+===+======+===+==+===+=ihps3+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+==+ |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | | src-unix | uofp | ihps2 | | | ihima | iheds mb2b ixn5k | m n o p q r s t u v w x |||| | | | | | | | | | | | | |||| | | uwvax--seismo--rochester | presby | ih4ep | ihps1 ihpad sb6--sb1--ll1--ihldt--ihtnt (ihux*) |||| | | | | | | | |||| +====+============+==================+======+======+=================+========harpo=================================================================++++ How to read the map: Connections are denoted by either a "|" or a "-". "Logical buses" are denoted by "=" or "+". A logical bus is merely a way of providing more space to indicate connections to a site. For example, hplabs is represented by the character string "+===hplabs===+". Places on the map where a dash and vertical bar intersect do not represent actual intersections, but rather crossovers (think of them as a highway over/underpass). Unlike the last logical map, there has been no attempt made to differentiate between various types of networks, largely because that information is difficult to obtain.
February 1982 map:
USENET Logical Map - February 1, 1982 / Bill & Karen Shannon ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- cwrunix--cwruecmp watarts olduse.net | | | genradbolton yale-comix wivax | watcgl--watmath--ccnga (wormhole | | | | | to 2012) | microsoft | sultan | | ittvax--sii | Slinac | | | | | | | | | | | +=decvax=======+=====+=+==+=====+====+===+============+===+--utzoo------ | | | | | | | cg-d | | | | | +=======+=pur-ee=+=======+ +=========+=====unc======+=====+ | | | | | | | | | | | | cincy pur-phy uiucdcs purdue | wolfvax mcnc tucc | | | | | | | | pucc | dukgeri duke34 uok | phs | | | | | | | | | | | +==+======+======+======+=========duke===+=========+===+=======+==+==+==+=+ | | | | | | | brl-bmd ucf-cs reed adiron psuvax--allegra alice--mitccc--mitmath | | | | | | | bio research---+=======+=====mhtsa==========+=====+=+ | | | | | | | | ihuxf ihuxg ihuxh ihuxi ihuxj ihuxk | ihlc8 ihldt druxj ih1ap hpuxa | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +=+=+===+=+===+=+===+=+===+=+===+=+==ihnss==+==+=+===++=+==++===+===+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ihuxl ihuxm ihuxn ihuxo ihuxp ihuxs | | ihima | | ihlpb | ihps3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cornell | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | hocsd hocse hocsf hocsg hound | | vax135 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +=+hocsb+=====+=====+ houca | houti | | | rdb-----eagle-----+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | n o p r s t v w y | | | | | | | mhuxa | mhuxh | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +==+==+==+==+==+==+houxi+==+=+=+=+=+===+ | | | +=mhuxj=+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a b c d e f g h j | m ho3e2 | | | | mhuxm | | mhuxv | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (houx*) +lime-+ | u1100a | | | mhb5c pyuxjj | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | cbosgd--cbosg | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | floyd presby u1100s--npois--eiss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +===+==+====+=======+========+=====harpo==+======+==+===========+=====+=+ | | | | | | | | | | whux1b scl--utah-cs--utah-gr zeppo--chico-+ | | | +=+==ucbvax==+------------------------------+=====ucsfcgl=========+ esquire : | | ucbonyx : ucbcad ucbpop ucbcory nsc--menlo70--hao--cires | : : : : : | | +==ucbarpa=+====+==+=======+ intelqa--sytek--zehntel sdcarl : : | | ucbopt uwvax : src-unix gi sdcatta--sdcattb--phonlab | | : @ | | teklabs +=====ucb=====+ psi sdqmlab--sdcsvax--sdaaron | @ @ | tekmdp cca--ima sri-unix dcdwestvax | | azure csin _______________________________________________________________________________ Legend: - | + uucp, : Berknet, @ ARPAnet, = "bus"
December 1981 map:
UUCP/USENET Logical Map - June 1, 1981 / mods by S. McGeady 11/19/81 (ucbvax) +=+===================================+==+ | | | | olduse.net | | wivax | | | | | | | | | | | microsoft| uiucdcs | | | | | genradbo | | | | | | (wormhole to 2011) | | | | | | | purdue | | | | decvax+===+=+====+=+=+ | | | | | | | | | | | | pur-phy | | | tekmdp | | | | | | | | | | | | +@@@@@@cca | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +=pur-ee=+=+=====+===+ | | | | csin | | | | | | | | | +==o===+===================+===============o========teklabs=+ | | | | | | | | pdp phs grumpy | wolfvax | | | | | | | | | | | | cincy unc=+===+======+======o======+ | | | | bio | | | | | | (Misc) | | (Misc) | | | | | sii reed | dukgeri duke34 utzoo | | | | | | | | | | | | +====+=+=+==+====++======+==++===duke=+===+=======+==+=========+ | | | | | | | | | | | u1100s | bmd70 ucf-cs ucf | andiron | | | | | | | | | | | | | red | | | | | pyuxh | | | | zeppo | | | | | psupdp---psuvax | | | | | | | | | | | alice | whuxlb | utah-cs | | houxf | allegra | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +--chico---+ | +===+=mhtsa====research | /=+=======harpo=+==+ | | | | | | | | / | | | | hocsr | | +=+=============+=/ cbosg---+ | | | ucbopt | | | | | esquire | | : | | | cbosgd | | | : | | | | | | ucbcory | | eagle==+=====+=====+=====+=====+ | | | : | | | | | | | | | +-uwvax--+ | : | | | mhuxa mhuxh mhuxj mhuxm mhuxv | | | : | | | | | | : | | | +----------------------------o--+ | : | | | | | | ucbcad | | | ihpss mh135a | | : | | | | | | | : \--o--o------ihnss----vax135----cornell | | : | | | | | +=+==ucbvax==========+===+==+=+======+=======+=+========+=========+ (UCB) : | | | | (Silicon Valley) ucbarpa cmevax | | menlo70--hao : | | | | ucbonyx | | | sri-unix | ucsfcgl | | | | Legend: | | sytek====+========+ ------- | | | | - | / \ + = Uucp sdcsvax=+=======+=+======+ intelqa zehntel = "Bus" | | | o jumps sdcarl phonlab sdcattb : Berknet @ Arpanet
June 1981 map:
USENET Logical Map June 1, 1981 !- Uucp links olduse.net : Berknet links ! @ Arpanet links ! (wormhole to 2011) pdp ! (Misc) ! (NC) (Misc) ! decvax sii reed phs--unc--grumpy duke34 utzoo cincy teklabs ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! +--+----+-----+-+--+-------------+-------+------+ ! ! ! ! ! duke ! ! ! ! ! +------+---+-----------------------+--------+ ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ucbopt ! hocsr--mhtsa----research mh135a harpo-----chico : ! ! ! ! ucbcory ! ! eagle ihnss vax135 (Bell Labs) (UCB) : ! ! ! ! ! ucbvax--++----------+--+--+-----+--+------+--------+ : @ ! ! ! (Silicon Valley) ucbarpa @ (UCSD) sdcsvax ! menlo70--hao : @ sdcattb-----+ ! ! ! ucbonyx @ +-----ucsfcgl sytek sri-unix @ phonlab-----+ cca-unix sdcarl
See also: usenet map mashup
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