#characteristics make beryllium | Explore Tumblr Posts and Blogs

yinglianggems · 2 months

Text

Exploring the World of Hydrothermal Emerald Gemstones

Gemstones are not easily found now. They have been pure beauty, scarce, and durable for many centuries. The traditional digging and mining process makes the piece more charming and striking. Mining is terrible for our environment as it leads to the wastage of resources like soil and the loss of flora and fauna. So, using the environmentally friendly option of human-made or laboratory-made jewellery pieces is better. In this blog, you will be reading about the hydrothermal emeralds that look beautiful like the real ones. So, to learn more about it, continue reading the blog.

What are emeralds?

For generations, people have been captivated by the vivid green colour of emeralds, which has led to their veneration. Resisting these magnificent diamonds' timeless elegance and rich heritage is difficult. However, the emerald business has undergone a revolution because of a cutting-edge procedure known as hydrothermal synthesis, which has made it possible to produce beautiful lab-grown emeralds identical to their natural counterparts.

If you are wondering if these can be lab-grown, then you don’t have to be because, yes, they are now lab grown gemstone. An artificial emerald is a manufactured one. Made in a lab rather than on the earth's surface, it has the same chemistry, resilience to scratches, and colour as a real emerald. It is distinct from emerald imitators, which are objects designed to resemble emeralds.

What are the peculiarities of hydrothermal emeralds?

Here are some of the characteristics of this emerald.

Colour: The colour of this gemstone matches that of the natural gemstone. It can also be produced in a wide range of vivid green hues. The deep colour makes it look more royal and sometimes fails to match the natural one.

Durability: If we talk about durability, then this human-made emerald stone can last like a natural one. These are more durable and can be used for jewellery.

Formation: Hydrothermal emeralds are synthetically created rough gemstones that mimic the natural hydrothermal process in laboratory conditions.

Super Affordable: By choosing the option of synthetic rough gems, you can fulfil the desire to wear expensive stones at very cost-effective prices.

Enhancement: Hydrothermal emeralds may undergo post-growth treatments to enhance colour or clarity further.

Positive for the environment: This will not cause any damage to the environment as it will not involve the mining process.

What is the process for the formation of hydrothermal emeralds?

Hydrothermal emeralds are formed using a synthetic technique that resembles natural geological circumstances.

A beryllium-, aluminum-, silicon-, and chromium-rich hydrothermal solution is made.

An autoclave set to high pressure is filled with the solution.

Temperatures within the autoclave vary from 200 to 700 degrees Celsius.

In these conditions, silicon, chromium, aluminium, and beryllium dissolve in the solution.

An appropriate substrate or an emerald seed crystal is added to the mixture.

Emerald crystals form on the substrate as the fluid cools.

Large emerald crystals may need weeks or months to grow throughout this process.

After they have developed, the crystals are carefully removed from the autoclave and given aesthetic enhancements through cleaning and cutting.

The resulting hydrothermal emeralds closely resemble their natural appearance and chemical composition counterparts.

Market Value

Hydrothermal emeralds are gaining popularity in jewellery and fashion due to their vibrant green hues, consistent size and shape, and remarkable clarity. They're becoming a top choice for luxurious creations. Unlike mined emeralds, hydrothermal ones offer an ethical alternative. These synthetic gems are sustainable, reducing environmental impact and eliminating exploitative mining practices. Opting for hydrothermal emeralds ensures not just beauty but also responsible sourcing. Colour, clarity, size, and craftsmanship determine their market value.

While natural emeralds may fetch higher prices due to their rarity, hydrothermal ones provide excellent quality at a more accessible price point.

In Brief

This blog has highlighted all the significant qualities you can access when wearing the Hydrothermal Emerald Gemstone. Moreover, we all dream of wearing expensive jewellery and owning it. But with the expenses and rising rates on almost everything, every person has fewer chances to afford the real gems. This can be possible by using artificial gemstones, as they look similar to real ones. Rather than this, these gemstones are super affordable for every person.

1 note · View note

shreerajendrametal · 3 months

Text

copper wire dealers in Chennai

Copper Wire, types and Properties

Copper wire is a widely used electrical conductor known for its excellent conductivity, thermal properties, and corrosion resistance. In this blog, we will explore the advantages of copper wire and its various types used in electrical applications. From its superior conductivity to its durability, copper wire offers numerous benefits that make it the preferred choice in the electrical industry. Call the copper wire dealers in Chennai for high quality copper wire!

Properties of Copper Wire

Excellent Conductivity- Copper is renowned for its high electrical conductivity, which allows it to efficiently carry electrical currents with minimal resistance. Compared to other metals, copper has a large mean free path for conduction electrons, resulting in low electrical resistivity. This property ensures that copper wire is highly efficient in transmitting electricity, making it ideal for applications where low power loss is crucial.

Thermal Conductivity - In addition to its electrical conductivity, copper also exhibits excellent thermal conductivity. This means that copper wire can effectively dissipate heat generated during the transmission of electrical currents. The high thermal conductivity of copper reduces the risk of overheating and helps maintain the overall system efficiency.

Resistance to Corrosion - Copper wire possesses inherent resistance to corrosion, allowing it to maintain its performance and conductivity over an extended period. This resistance is particularly important in environments with high humidity, moisture, or chemical exposure. Copper's resistance to corrosion ensures the longevity and reliability of electrical systems, reducing the need for frequent maintenance or replacement.

Durability and Strength - Copper wire is known for its strength, malleability, and ductility. It can be easily bent, shaped, and drawn into thin wires without losing its mechanical integrity. This flexibility makes copper wire suitable for various applications that require intricate wiring or installation in tight spaces. Additionally, copper wire exhibits high creep resistance, meaning it can withstand prolonged stress without significant deformation or breakage.

Wide Range of Types

Copper wire comes in various types, each designed to meet specific requirements. Some common types include:

Beryllium Copper Wire: Offers higher strength and electrical conductivity, commonly used in high-performance applications.

Copper Clad Steel Wire: Combines the conductivity of copper with the strength of steel, used in specific applications where added strength is necessary.

Copper Nickel & Nickel-Plated Copper Wire: Provides increased resistance to corrosion and oxidation, suitable for marine and high-temperature environments.

Copper Alloy Wire: Utilizes copper alloys with enhanced properties such as increased strength, heat resistance, or specialized characteristics.

Copper Clad Aluminum Wire: Combines the conductivity of copper with the lightweight nature of aluminum, ideal for weight-sensitive applications.

Oxygen-Free Highly Conductive CopperWire: Offers exceptional purity and conductivity, commonly used in high-end audio and electrical equipment.

Titanium Clad Copper Wire: Utilizes a titanium outer layer for enhanced corrosion resistance, primarily used in specific industrial or aerospace applications.

Copper wire stands out as the preferred choice in the electrical industry due to its exceptional conductivity, thermal properties, and resistance to corrosion. Its durability, flexibility, and wide range of available types make it suitable for various applications, from power transmission to electronics. By utilizing copper wire, electrical systems can achieve optimal performance, efficiency, and longevity.Shree Metals India is one of the Top Copper Wire Dealers in Chennai.

0 notes

dailyknowledgerecommendation · 9 months

Text

Chalcedony vs Aquamarine: Is it the Same?

Gemstones have held a timeless fascination for humanity, gracing jewelry pieces and adornments with their captivating beauty. Chalcedony and aquamarine are two distinct gemstones that often invite comparison due to their shared color palette and appearance. However, beneath the surface, these stones unveil a world of differences in terms of composition, origin, and properties. In this article, we delve into the nuanced distinctions between chalcedony and aquamarine, shedding light on their individual characteristics and dispelling the misconception that they are one and the same.

Chalcedony: A Glimpse into Elegance

Chalcedony, a member of the quartz family, is a microcrystalline variety of silica that presents itself in an array of delicate colors. With its soothing pastels, it has been cherished throughout history for its elegance and versatility. Found in various forms, including as nodules, geodes, and stalactites, chalcedony exhibits a translucent to opaque appearance, and its luster can range from waxy to vitreous.

Properties of Chalcedony

1. Composition:

Chalcedony is composed of fine intergrowths of quartz and moganite, two varieties of silica minerals. This intricate composition contributes to its distinctive appearance and texture.

2. Colors:

Chalcedony is renowned for its soft, tranquil colors such as light blue, pink, lavender, gray, and white. These hues are often mottled or streaked, adding to its visual appeal.

3. Varieties:

Chalcedony encompasses a range of varieties, including agate, jasper, carnelian, and onyx, each with its unique characteristics and patterns.

4. Translucency:

Most chalcedony stones possess varying degrees of translucency, allowing light to pass through them and creating a subtle play of color and light.

Aquamarine: A Glimmering Ocean Gem

Aquamarine, in contrast, belongs to the beryl family, a mineral group that includes emerald and morganite. Known for its entrancing blue hues reminiscent of clear ocean waters, aquamarine has long been cherished for its association with serenity and tranquility. As a mineral, beryl is composed of beryllium aluminum cyclosilicate, giving aquamarine its distinct composition and captivating color.

See Also: [Revealed!] The Largest Gem Quality Aquamarine Ever Found

Properties of Aquamarine

1. Composition:

Aquamarine’s chemical composition comprises beryllium, aluminum, and silicate. Its distinct crystal structure is responsible for the captivating blue shades that range from pale to deep blue-green.

2. Color:

The hallmark color of aquamarine is a delicate blue, which can be attributed to the presence of iron within its crystal lattice. The specific shade can vary, reminiscent of clear ocean waters or a serene sky.

3. Clarity:

Aquamarine is often admired for its exceptional clarity. Large, eye-clean specimens are common, making it a preferred choice for faceted gemstones that showcase its brilliance.

4. Durability:

Beryl, including aquamarine, boasts good hardness on the Mohs scale. This makes aquamarine durable enough for various jewelry types while still requiring some care to avoid potential damage.

Chalcedony vs Aquamarine: Is it the Same?

Chalcedony and aquamarine, while sharing a spectrum of blue hues, are distinct gemstones with unique attributes. Chalcedony, a type of quartz, showcases delicate pastel colors and includes varieties like agate and carnelian. Aquamarine, a member of the beryl family, exhibits captivating oceanic blue shades. Their differing compositions and properties set them apart: chalcedony’s microcrystalline structure contrasts with aquamarine’s beryl composition and exceptional clarity. While resembling each other at a glance, understanding their individual characteristics is crucial for making informed choices when selecting these exquisite gems for jewelry or collections.

Distinguishing Between Chalcedony and Aquamarine

While chalcedony and aquamarine might share some visual similarities due to their color ranges, several key distinctions set them apart:

1. Composition:

Chalcedony is a variety of quartz with a unique composition of quartz and moganite, while aquamarine is a distinct mineral with a composition of beryllium aluminum cyclosilicate.

2. Color Depth:

Aquamarine’s blue tones are often more saturated and intense, evoking the tranquility of deep ocean waters. Chalcedony’s color palette encompasses a broader range of pastel hues.

3. Transparency:

Aquamarine’s transparency and clarity often surpass those of chalcedony. The crystal structure of beryl contributes to aquamarine’s exceptional brilliance.

4. Hardness:

Aquamarine, being a beryl mineral, boasts a higher level of hardness on the Mohs scale compared to chalcedony. This difference affects the stone’s durability and suitability for different jewelry applications.

Can chalcedony and aquamarine be used in jewelry?

Certainly, both chalcedony and aquamarine are popular choices for jewelry. Chalcedony’s diverse pastel hues and delicate translucency make it versatile for various jewelry styles, from casual to elegant. It’s often carved into cameos, beads, and cabochons, and used in earrings, pendants, and rings. On the other hand, aquamarine’s captivating blue shades evoke a serene aquatic allure, making it a sought-after gem for high-end jewelry pieces. Its excellent transparency and durability lend themselves well to faceted cuts, enhancing its brilliance in rings, necklaces, and earrings. Both gemstones offer unique aesthetics that can add sophistication and charm to any jewelry collection.

Chalcedony vs. Aquamarine: Which Is More Expensive?

In terms of pricing, aquamarine is generally more expensive than chalcedony. The rarity of aquamarine’s deep blue tones, along with its association with the beryl family, contributes to its higher market value. Aquamarine’s exceptional clarity and durability, combined with its captivating color, make it a sought-after gemstone for jewelry. Chalcedony, while offering a wide range of beautiful pastel colors, is more readily available and tends to be more affordable. The price difference is influenced by factors such as gemstone type, quality, size, and overall demand, making aquamarine the premium choice between the two.

See Also: Why is aquamarine so expensive: The Price of Elegance

Choosing the Perfect Gemstone for You

Selecting between chalcedony and aquamarine ultimately depends on personal preference and the intended use. Chalcedony, with its soft pastels and diverse varieties, offers a versatile range suitable for various jewelry styles and occasions. On the other hand, aquamarine’s captivating blue hues and exceptional clarity make it a timeless choice for elegant and eye-catching pieces.

Conclusion

Chalcedony and aquamarine, though frequently associated due to their shared color spectrum, are distinct gemstones with unique compositions, properties, and origins. Chalcedony’s microcrystalline elegance contrasts with the alluring blue allure of aquamarine, born from the depths of the beryl family. Understanding their differences not only deepens our appreciation for their individual beauty but also aids in making informed choices when it comes to incorporating these gems into jewelry pieces that reflect our style and personality.

#gemstone #knowledge

0 notes

ainews · 9 months

Text

Alexandrite is a gemstone that is widely acclaimed for its ability to change color as light passes through it; the stone goes from an emerald green to a dark, reddish-purple. Beyond this unique color-changing ability, alexandrite has also become known for its "wiggly" characteristics.

At first glance, the stone looks flat and smooth, but when you look closely, you'll see that the gemstone is actually composed of numerous wiggly lines throughout its surface. This trait makes alexandrite especially appealing to many jewelers and gemstone enthusiasts.

The reason alexandrite is wiggly is due to its mineral composition. The main mineral in the stone is chrysoberyl, a mineral formed from the elements beryllium and aluminum. Because of this natural composition, alexandrite is filled with many inclusions. These inclusions are composed of numerous elements, including oxides. These elements create rutile inclusions, which are small tubelike strands. These strands can reflect light differently, causing the wiggly effect seen in alexandrite.

The presence of these rutile inclusions also affects how alexandrite passes light. As light passes through the stone, it reflects off of these inclusions, which creates the stunning color-change effect. The wiggly lines also help to refract and reflect the light differently, allowing for the gemstone to show off its color-changing feature.

While many gemstones can be a bit plain and monotone, alexandrite is anything but. Its wiggly-ness and stunning color-change make it one of the most unique and impressive stones in the jewelry world.

#ai generated #fake news

0 notes

studenttutors · 10 months

Text

4 Useful Techniques to Remember Chemistry Periodic Table

The periodic table is a fundamental tool in chemistry, visually representing the weather and its properties. However, memorising the table is often daunting for several students. As a chemistry tutor, it is essential to use effective techniques that facilitate understanding and retention of this critical information. In this blog, we will learn some proven home-schooling techniques to help students easily remember the table.

Mnemonics and Acronyms

Using mnemonics and acronyms is an excellent technique for associating the weather with memorable phrases or patterns. For instance, “ Harry Hops Likes Beer But Could Not Obtain Food” represents the first ten elements ( hydrogen, Helium, Lithium, Beryllium, Boron, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine and Neon). Such creative and catchy phrases can help students recall the weather in the correct order.

Group Elements

Chemistry tutoring in Melbourne teaches students to acknowledge patterns and group elements supported by similar properties that can help memorise. Emphasis on the periodic table’s organisation into periods (horizontal rows) and groups (vertical columns). Highlight common characteristics within groups, like the alkali metals (Group1) or the halogens (Group17). By understanding these relationships, students can easily remember elements' properties and their placement in the table.

Visual Help

Utilise visual help like flashcards, colourful charts or interactive online resources to interact with students visually. Tutors encourage students to make their personalised table with colour-coded sections to represent different groups or elements with similar characteristics. Visual representations enhance memory retention and make studying more enjoyable.

Practice and Review

Regular practice is crucial for mastering the table. Home schooling engages students in activities that involve identifying elements supported by their symbols, atomic numbers or properties. Incorporate quizzes, games and interactive exercises to strengthen learning and facilitate recall. Frequent review sessions also help solidify their understanding of the table's structure and element placement.

By implementing these tutoring techniques, chemistry tutors can help students overcome the challenges of memorising the table. The mixture of mnemonics, grouping elements, visual help and regular practice will enhance memory retention and foster a deeper understanding of the weather and its properties. Remember, the table isn't just an inventory of elements but a dynamic tool that unlocks the fascinating world of chemistry!

#Home Schooling #Chemistry Tutoring Melbourne

0 notes

sweetyssg · 11 months

Text

The Enigmatic Beauty of the Cat's Eye Stone: Unveiling Its Mystique

Introduction:

Nature has bestowed upon us an enormous variety of alluring jewels, each with its own attraction and symbolism. The cat's eye stone stands out among these gems as an outstanding marvel, entrancing admirers with its mysterious look. In this article, we set out on an adventure to investigate the intriguing world of the cat's eye stone, revealing its history, traits, and cultural significance.

Origins and Formation:

The cat's eye stone, often referred to as "lehsunia" or "chrysoberyl cat's eye," is a gemstone recognised for its eye-catching optical effect that resembles that of a feline. By reflecting light off parallel needle-like inclusions, this fascinating phenomenon, known as chatoyancy, produces a bright band that flits over the gem's surface. The mineral chrysoberyl, which gives rise to the stone, is made up of beryllium, aluminium, and oxygen; this particular combination is what gives rise to the cat's eye look.

Physical and optical characteristics: The cat's eye stone exhibits a variety of colours with varied degrees of transparency, including green, yellow, brown, and grey. Because of its 8.5 Mohs hardness rating, it is long-lasting and appropriate for jewellery. The most appealing cat's eye gemstones have a clear, distinct strip of light that appears to move as the gem is turned, adding to its attractiveness.

The cat's eye stone has carried deep cultural importance throughout history in many different civilizations. It was regarded in prehistoric India as a precious gem connected to the planet Ketu in Vedic astrology. It was worn frequently to foster intuition, spiritual development, and protection from negative influences because it was thought to have magical characteristics. The cat's eye stone was regarded in other civilizations as bringing good fortune, wealth, and protection from evil spirits.

Beyond its cultural importance, the cat's eye stone is thought to have metaphysical and healing abilities. One's ability to make intelligent decisions is stated to be improved and intuition said to be stimulated. In addition, it is thought that the stone helps people overcome challenges, cultivate discipline and attention, and bring harmony and balance into their lives. The cat's eye stone is supposed to have the ability to ward off mishaps and accidents, according to some.

Cat's Eye Stone in Jewellery:

The cat's eye stone has grown to be a popular option for jewellery designers all over the world because of its remarkable visual effect and symbolic significance. This gemstone gives a sense of mystique and beauty to any design, whether it is used in rings, pendants, earrings, or bracelets. Jewellery lovers enjoy the cat's eye stone's adaptability because it goes well with both professional and informal outfits.

Conclusion:

The cat's eye stone continues to enchant us with its seductive glance and serves as a reminder of the wonders of nature. Its distinctive optical properties, along with its cultural and metaphysical importance, have given it prominence in the gemstone industry. The cat's eye stone is a remarkable gem that continues to fascinate and enchant gemstone connoisseurs all over the world, whether it is prized for its beauty or sought after for its reputed powers.

#gemstone dealer

0 notes

nileshdoshi1 · 1 year

Text

Beryllium Copper Sheets & Plates Exporters

Beryllium Copper Plate essential characteristics are the stunning reaction to precipitation-setting drugs, wonderful warm conductivity and security from stress slackening up. The business evaluations of Beryllium Copper Sheet contain from 0.4 to 2.0 % beryllium.

Beryllium copper blends are a victor among the most essential quality copper based mixes open, it is everything considered called spring copper or beryllium bronze. The business examinations of beryllium copper blends contain 0.4 to 2.0 percent beryllium. The little component of beryllium to copper makes a gathering of high copper blends with quality as high as composite steel.

The first of the two families, C17200 and C17300, unites high measure with moderate conductivity, while the second family, C17500, and C17510, offers high conductivity with moderate quality. The key characteristics of these mixes are their amazing reaction to precipitation-making drugs, incomprehensible warm conductivity, and protection from stress clearing up.

For More Information

Website:- https://www.padmavatisteel.com/beryllium-copper-sheet-plate-manufacturers-suppliers-importers-exporters-stockists.html

Phone No:- +91-9930388308

Email:- [email protected]

1 note · View note

sujitkumar-us · 2 years

Text

What are Stanley Proto Hand tools used for?

If you use a Stanley Proto Hand Tool , it is extremely difficult for you to lose control of it. In some terms, it is much better to use such a tool than an electric one; it is always good to have the help of a tool since it makes our lives much more manageable. These objects have existed since prehistory, but in the 19th century, they changed completely; the advances made in the tools were extremely impressive.

What materials are they made of?

Stanley Proto Hand tools are made of different materials:

• Almost all are made of iron, steel, or aluminum.

• A long time ago, tools were made of wood.

• Hand tools are made from Rubber, plastic, fiber, steel, and iron.

• Many are created with other metals and materials, but iron and steel are the most commonly used metals.

• Sometimes, an alloy is made between these two metals, each offering an outstanding specific characteristic.

What are non-sparking tools?

In all types of work, it is necessary to meet specific requirements when it comes to occupational risk prevention. This type of risk can occur in environments where there is the possibility of free combustible gases. Two metals coming into touch with one another can cause an explosion. That is why Non Sparking & Sparkless Tools are used in petrochemical companies, ammunition plants, electrical companies, and warehouses for fuel or flammable material.

What materials do these tools contain?

Non-ferrous alloys made of bronze and copper are often the most common materials utilized to make these tools. Although bronze and aluminum are the most popular combination (in terms of pricing), this does not necessarily mean it is the best choice.

Copper, in alloy with materials such as beryllium, nickel, and cobalt, is the ideal material for manufacturing non-sparking tools. Even having a higher cost, its greater hardness represents an added value, and sometimes they increase in duration and compensates for the higher purchase cost. Non-sparking tools also have anti-corrosion properties for use in harsh work environments.

Pneumatic air impact tools

• A wrench is a tool that turns a hexagon bolt. In the case of a hand tool, a socket wrench for hand tools is attached to the handle for tightening work. The air impact wrench is a Pneumatic Impact tools Port Harcourt version that saves labor and allows you to tighten with greater torque.

Features of Pneumatic air impact tool

• To tighten and loosen bolts and nuts, it is connected to an air compressor and operates on compressed air. It is used in many fields, such as attaching and detaching tires and wheels of automobiles at maintenance shops, assembling work at factories, and putting on and taking off concrete formwork and molds at construction sites.

• An air motor rotates the hammer, and tightening is performed by the impact of the hammer hitting the anvil.

• Pneumatic air impact wrenches are smaller and more powerful than electric impact wrenches of equivalent capacity.

• It is used by attaching a socket to the anvil (tip).

Conclusion: Please note that the anvil size differs depending on the model, and the socket that can be attached also differs. The size of the anvil is expressed by the socket mounting angle, socket insertion angle, output angle, etc., depending on the manufacturer

#PROTO Hand Tools #expert by facom hand tools #stanley proto hand tool #work benches vices and workshop furniture #aerospace & rfid tool control #non sparking & sparkless tools #impact and hand sockets dubai #pneumatic impact tools port harcourt #ingersoll rand pneumatic solutions dubai #pneumatic impact tools dubai #proto hand tools

0 notes

indmen · 3 years

Text

what is etching?

Photo chemical etching (PCE), also known as photo chemical machining (PCM) or photo etching, is the use of photo-reactive resist to fabricate precision metal parts based on desired dimensions.

Photo etching is similar to other printing processes. It images part dimensions onto photo-resist coated metal, which is then developed and etched, resulting in the desired part. This process produces intricate parts with tolerances (as low as 0.01 mm) that would be otherwise unachievable with processing methods such as laser cutting, water-jet cutting, stamping, punching, or die-cutting.

Advantages of the Photo Etching Process

Chemical etching, or photo chemical machining, offers many advantages over other milling techniques may not be as accurate or economical. It:

Doesn introduce any sources of mechanical stress: Each part maintains the mechanical properties of the customer selected metal (or metal alloy).

Dissolves the unwanted metal via chemical reaction: burring, shearing deformation, and ablative deformation typically associated with other machining processes are avoidable.

Improves precision: Chemical etching can be used with materials as thin as0.0003 inches. Holes can be as small as 0.004 inches, while edge dimensions can be within 10% of a part thickness

Allows for high part quantities: Large volumes of parts can be put into production on short notice, which allows a higher degree of flexibility.

Supports greater part complexity: The photo chemical process can yield metal components with complex multi-dimensional characteristics; it can even create score lines so parts can be folded.

Lowers production costs: Tooling adaptations are easy to make, and a design change may cost only a couple hundred dollars, reducing the cost overhead for metal part prototyping and full production.

Cost Benefits

Metal etching is more cost-effective than other machining processes because it allows for more complex designs with intricate features. Increasing design complexity often doesn result in increased production costs. A faster processing time reduces costs as well. Many parts can be completed within a day. An etch rate of 0.0005 to 0.001 inches per minute is possible.

The process also eliminates rework, so project costs are centered only on the initial process. The ease and speed of designing tools also lower costs. Building, for example, stamping tools can take weeks and cost thousands of dollars. Maintaining them and addressing wear and tear can be costly as well. Production with photo chemical etching can be more cost-effective than stamping or punching.

With metal etching, part quality is improved. This makes your products more valuable and cuts out steps such as deburring, which is often costly and time-consuming. Chemical etching also supports more affordable mass production (as many as millions of pieces can be produced economically). Given the speed and accuracy of the process, customers can complete prototypes and get products to market faster, increasing profits.

Metals and Common Parts

United Western Enterprises, Inc. works with many metal alloys. These include several types of versatile, lightweight aluminum alloys. We also work with the purest copper alloys, as well as phosphor bronze, brass, and nickel silver (often used for RF shielding, but less costly than nickel plating with the same luster). Other materials include beryllium copper, nickel and nickel alloys, and a range of common stainless steel alloys suited for various parts and environments.

Many everyday parts can be produced with photo etching. These include circuit board components and electronic devices such as image sensors, attenuators, and parts for digital cameras and waveform samplers. EMI and RFI shielding, metal shims, apertures, encoder discs, springs, and contacts with different gauge metals can be made. Chemical etching works for everything from battery components and heat sinks to the production of medical imaging equipment, radar systems, and telescopes.

https://www.hardware-manufacturing.com/news/128.html

1 note · View note

brilliantstarsgems · 4 years

Text

Rubies

Rubies are often called the queen of color gemstones as they are the rarest to find in nature. This fact coupled with red being auspicious in several different cultures makes fine rubies command prices that are considerably higher than other color gemstones and the finest diamonds. Much like sapphires, rubies are made up of the element corundum. As corundum is normally colorless, trace elements that have found their way into the corundum give rubies their stunning red color. Traditionally, the most sought-after rubies and ones of historic significance have all been unearthed in Myanmar (Formerly Burma). Besides being the oldest ruby mines, Burmese rubies exhibit a shade of red that is often termed “pigeons’ blood”. Recent modern science has ascertained that Burmese rubies have a natural fluorescence which can make the red color distinct. Rubies from other origins lack this unique characteristic and as such, commonly exhibit a different tone of red.

The beautiful country of Mozambique has recently evolved into a prolific supplier of fine rubies. With tremendous pressure on fine ruby prices from Myanmar, the Mozambique variety has hit the world stage like a storm. Mozambique rubies have the tendency to be more saturated in color than their Myanmar counterparts. However, as with many other luxuries, color preference is very personal. Many notable ruby enthusiasts prefer the deeper color tones of Mozambique rubies. Ruby deposits have been found in countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, Sri Lanka and even Greenland. But with some exceptions, rubies from these origins have secondary colors that make the gems a less collectible.

Since sapphires and rubies are both corundum-based gems, a ruby could technically be described as a red sapphire. Sapphires are found in a multitude of colors, including red, it is important then to note that a true ruby must have red as its primary color. For example, corundum that is pinkish-red or purplish-red is considered a ruby. However, as soon as the primary color of the gem moves away from red (i.e. reddish-purple, reddish- brown etc.) then that gem is considered a fancy color sapphire.

Like sapphires, rubies can also exhibit the phenomenon of asterism. In rare cases, beryllium in streaks called rutile needles can naturally appear within the ruby. When an artisan can find its axis and skillfully polish the ruby into a dome, cabochon shape, then magic happens- Under direct light source, the ruby reflects a six-legged star.

Rubies, like all corundum, are routinely heat treated to improve their color intensity. In some cases, the clarity of the rubies can also slightly improve. Such heating can simply be over a fire at a mining site or within a laboratory setting in more developed countries. As this treatment is ancient, permanent, and organic, it is not only very common but also considered fully acceptable in the gemstone world. Natural, unheated rubies are becoming more and more difficult to find. It is not surprising that such gems are commanding prices exponentially higher than their heated equivalents. When high premiums are being paid for unheated rubies, it is crucial to a have a reputable laboratory certify the gem and distinguish it as untreated.

#BrilliantStars #Rubies #Ruby #PreciousGemStone

1 note · View note

jenniferwinget68-blog · 5 years

Text

Yellow Sapphire (Pukhraj)

Being one of the most recognized gemstones in Vedic astrology, the stone can be worn for professional success, marital bliss, enhanced willpower, and strong progeny.

Who should wear Yellow Sapphire?

Yellow Sapphire is linked with Jupiter, one of the most powerful planet in Ancient astrology. While wearing this stone, it is vital to make sure that Jupiter is positively placed in the native’s birth chart.

Vedic astrology suggests Pukhraj stone for Sagittarius and Meen Rashi

Western astrology prescribes Yellow Sapphire Birthstone for Sagittarius.

The stone can also be worn by Aries, Leo, Cancer, and Scorpio.

How to wear Yellow Sapphire?

Yellow sapphire is a mystical gemstone, which is connected with the dominant planet Jupiter or Guru, the teacher and wearing it with proper steps can enable you to receive the highest profits. Also, individuals should always buy an original yellow sapphire.

The first thing to be kept in mind is the gemstone weight. If the person, who wish to wear yellow sapphire is below 23 years old, he or she should wear a stone up to 5 ratti. The merest weight should be 3.25 carats. But, if the wearer is above 23 years, a yellow sapphire weighing 5-7 ratti will be more useful.

Yellow sapphire should be worn with a gold ring on the index finger, on Thursday, falls in the Shukal Pakash.

One should wear yellow sapphire between 6 to 8 in the morning.

To purify the yellow sapphire, dip it in a mixture of curd, honey, milk, sugar, and pure ghee.

Make sure to wear a good quality yellow sapphire, which is clear of any kinds of flaws, rifts or distress. It should be bright and appealing to the eye.

Weight – Minimum 1/10th of the body weight; for example, if a person weighing 50 kg, can wear a 5 carat ( 5.50 Ratti )

Colour– For best Jyotish or Astrological results light yellow or golden yellow color is recommended.

Metal– Gold and Panchdhatu are best-suited metals for Pukhraj.

Finger– Index finger of either of the hand.

Day and time– On Thursday early morning.

Yellow sapphire Mantra & Chanting time– Om Brim Brihaspataye Namah (In Hindi) 108 times.

Planet– Jupiter

Vedic Rashi– Sagittarius (Dhanu ) & Pisces (Meen)

Western Sun Sign– Ares, Cancer Leo & Scorpio

Yellow Sapphire Benefits

The common astrological reputation of this precious gemstone has addressed it many names all over the world. The stone is also known as Guru Ratan, Pushkaraj and Pushparagam, Kanaka Pushyaragam and Peetamani in Sanskrit.

Marital Biss– Pandits firmly support Pukhraj for women seeking marital peace or are suffering setbacks in marriage. Because Jupiter also rules progeny, it can be worn by the couple who are facing issues in having children.

Health Rejuvenation– Wearing a yellow sapphire ring helps individuals by enhancing their digestive wellness as well as stopping illnesses connected to liver and kidneys. It is also recommended to be worn if you’re dealing with diseases like jaundice and Tuberculosis.

Alternative Healing– In alternative remedial therapies, Jupiter is known to drive or rule the Will Charkra in an individual’s body. Wearing this stone actives Solar Plexus and enhances willpower and focus, helping people to behold their vision and materialize goals.

Improved economic and social status– Experts place high trust in it for bringing financial stability to a person’s life. Enhanced willpower and wisdom lead to rising in wealth, is the best positive effects of yellow sapphire.

Success in jobs, business & academic– As Jupiter controls education and wealth, Pukhraj ratan is believed to restore wealth in businesses or jobs where a great deal of ability, creativity or practicality is needed like judicial services, academics, and trade businesses.

Yellow Sapphire Prices

Price of a yellow sapphire depends upon the 6 factors CUT COLOR CLARITY CARAT (4C’s) weight origin and treatment.

Cut– The cutting of the stone/gemstone not only improves the virtue of the gemstone but also cover the inclusions. Also, a better faceted yellow sapphire is valued more over a normal or odd shape Pukhraj.

Color– Color is one of the most significant factors in any gemstone or yellow sapphire. It directly links to the cost of yellow sapphire. A bright yellow or lemon color yellow sapphire to an extremely dark yellow or golden yellow will link to the value of it.

Clarity– In simple words the clearer the stone the higher the value. Inclusions in any gemstone can be viewed with a bare eye or with an eyeglass. as far as the stone is natural, inclusions will be there.

Carat Weight- The higher the weight, the rare the pc it becomes. Price per carat increases with its size.

Origin/ Source– Origin of a yellow sapphire or any other gemstone is a very important factor to decide its price.

Srilankan( Ceylonese) origin is considered best in yellow sapphire (pukhraj). Ceylon pukhraj can cost between 1000 to 100000 per carat, depending upon all other factors. Thailand or Bangkok yellow sapphires are generally heated and treated, resulting in a more economical price but no Astrological or Jyotish value.

Treatment– Hight temperature treatments are used to improve color or to improve the accuracy of yellow sapphire. Glass lead is also used to fill the pits and cracks for better transparency.

It is always recommended to Buy a certified yellow sapphire (Pukhraj) online or from the shopkeeper, along with a certificate which clearly indicates the stone is 100% authentic.

Yellow Sapphire Quality

Natural properties of yellow sapphire make it a popular gemstone, metaphysically and aesthetically. To stay away from getting duped by fake dealers, one should mind the following guidelines while purchasing yellow sapphire online or from dealers.

Color– Pukhraj stone covers many colors from pale to bright golden yellow to orange to gree. Yet, bright yellow or lemon is one of the most precious color both astrologically and aesthetically. It is discovered mostly in Sri Lankan to Ceylonese yellow sapphire and less frequently in others.

Clarity– Yellow Sapphire (Pukhraj) tends to have fewer inclusions than other precious gemstones. However, inclusions may still be present, remaining invisible to the bare eye. When visible, these inclusions appear as tufts or fingerprints and can reduce the value of the stone.

Origin– Sri-Lanka, Thailand, Burma, Australia are rich sources of natural yellow sapphires. Nevertheless, Ceylonese yellow sapphire is commonly famous for its color and clarity consistency, supported by Burma Yellow Sapphire. Thailand, African or Madagascar origins are less famous due to its bad color concentration and high inclusions.

Why 90% of the people are not getting results from Yellow Sapphire

Yellow sapphire is considered, one of the most powerful gemstones according to Jyotish astrology. If worn in a correct way, it can provide immense power to its wearer. People struggling with issues in their lives can seek a great amount of help while wearing this stone. However, in most cases, the stone doesn’t work. Do you know why? Why several benefits do not get the number of benefits the stone serves? Find out below.

Is your Yellow Sapphire Real?

The market is flooded with fake gemstones. There are dealers out there who sell fake gemstones at their original price. So, the chances are, that the yellow sapphire you’re currently wearing might be not the real one. A phony yellow sapphire won’t work, no matter what you do. An original yellow sapphire stone encompasses the following characteristics or properties.

The real yellow stone appears crystal clear and the piece of the stone is large and without layers.

A good quality yellow sapphire stone matches the shape of setting Sun when it is being warmed up in the fire.

The color of the original yellow sapphire stone improves when it is being scrubbed against a wall or touchstone.

Is your Yellow Sapphire heated?

There are stones that are original yellow sapphire, however, they are heated. Heating is basically done to enhance the color or clarity of yellow sapphire or any gemstone for that matter. In the certificate, it is clearly mentioned that if the stone is heated, then you won’t get the desired results.

Is your yellow sapphire treated?

Various treatments are done such as beryllium to enhance the clarity and color of the gemstones. On yellow sapphire, the treatment is being done to specifically enhance the yellow color and its beauty. However, if your gemstone is treated, you won’t get its astrological benefits.

Is your yellow sapphire Glassfilled?

If your gemstone is both treated and heated, then it’s definitely glassfilled In some countries, it is declared as a synthetic gemstone and not an original one.

Always go for a lab certification before buying any gemstone. The certificate will assure you that the gemstone is free from all the treatments.

Why Brahma Gems?

Brahma Gems is managed by GII certified professional gemstone experts.

Brahma Gems buys directly from mines/ manufacturers, so end user/ customer get the best price.

Brahma Gems have the widest range of govt. lab certified natural / Jyotish gemstones in all sizes carat shapes quality and price.

Each stone is Lab Tested for Authenticity/Purity & Verified for Astrological benefits.

Free govt. lab report with each and every gemstone.

Free pan India delivery.

Free making on silver and Panchdhatu

Free recommendation on gemstone by famous astrologer

Free checking of your old stone by a gemologist.

100% Energized & Activated Gemstones for best results in Astrology.

Customer Gets Certificate of Authenticity for every stone.

Free Gem Consultation by Experts, Procedure to wear.

FAQ’s

What are the benefits of wearing a yellow Sapphire?

Magnetic Powers: Yellow Sapphire gemstone helps the wearer to tackle with the health problems such as jaundice, ulcer, diarrhea, heart problems, etc. When yellow sapphire comes in contact with the body, the rays of this stone are injected into the body and hence the balance between deficiency and excess is restored. Basically, gems are used for curative reasons.

Pukhraj stone has many other benefits. It is helpful for ladies in their early marriage.

The Yellow Sapphire gemstone is also beneficial for students in pursuing their higher studies.

Yellow sapphire stone worn in combination with other stones results in higher success for those who are preparing for competitive exams.

Pukhraj gemstone is most useful for those people who are in trade and business professions.

What types of diseases are cured by Yellow sapphire gemstone?

As mentioned above yellow sapphire gemstone cures many health problems. Here is a complete list of health issues that can be tackled by wearing a yellow sapphire gemstone, either alone or by wearing it in combination with other stones. These health problems are insanity, hernia, appendicitis, phthisis, pleurisy, blood cancer, gland cancer, breast cancer, gallstones, meningitis, pancreatic trouble, stomach cancer, carbuncle, piles.

Which professions get benefits from yellow sapphire gemstone?

People who are soldiers, professors, legal experts, envoys of peace, spiritualists and those in public service and public welfare are benefited by wearing pukhraj stone.

Is pukhraj gemstone helpful for people who want Government jobs?

Yes, this gemstone is very beneficial for those who want government jobs and also for those who want to occupy high positions in government companies.

What types of Business got benefits from Yellow Sapphire?

If you are in the following business, then yellow sapphire gemstones are going to do a miracle in your business. These businesses include dairy business, textile, finance, yarn, cosmetic items, and artistic products.

Does yellow sapphire gemstone is beneficial for people concerned with the film industry?

Well, the yellow sapphire gemstone is helpful for cinematographers, writers and for people who are in the production of films.

Which and How Birth signs (Rashis) get the benefits from yellow Sapphire?

Aries: If a yellow sapphire gemstone is worn during the sub-period of Jupiter, then Aries can attain good luck.

Cancer: Yellow Sapphire gemstone helps the Cancerians, by showering knowledge, grace, and ease of travel.

Sagittarius: This gemstone will help people to have increased mental peace and concentration.

Scorpio: Pukhraj gemstone will let you obtain good financial luck.

Leo: Yellow Sapphire gemstone will give extra guidance to lead their life in a good way.

Pisces: This gemstone will increase the spiritual, leadership and academic abilities of the Pisceans.

How yellow sapphire gemstone ward off diseases affecting the liver and endocrine system?

Yellow Sapphire or pukhraj stone has a positive effect on the immune system. It helps to cure the problems related to the liver and endocrine system because pukhraj stone transmits a light blue color which increases the function of the pancreas and hence the metabolism rate increases which ultimately cure the diseases that are being affected by the liver.

Some Recommendations

If you are going for a new business venture, then it is advisable to wear your sapphire jewelry because this stone attracts wealth. If you are facing some problems in married life, the yellow sapphire gemstone is very useful for you. It will bring happiness and hence strengthens your marriage. Married Women who desire for a child should wear yellow sapphire gemstone as this stone is beneficial for fertility.

Some Buying Tips:

It is important to buy a yellow sapphire gemstone from a certified gemstone seller. Always buy gemstone along with a third party certification.

Brahmagems.com

is the trusted suppliers of yellow sapphire gemstone at the best price. We provide GemLab certification along with each gemstone. You can check a wide range of yellow sapphire stones on our website.

Care & Cleaning

How to Care & Clean Yellow Sapphire Stone

certified yellow sapphire is won by individuals all over the world. Astrologers advise people to wear the stone after considering their sun sign, date of birth, nature and various other factors. Majority of people, wear the stone in the ring form to draw the benefits out of it on day to day basis. However, when worn for a long period the stone stars getting stained with the sweat, dirt, food and other foreign particles.

How to Care and Clean?

As Pukhraj Stone is the second hardest element known to the human race, it is least harmed by any kind of detergent and washing methods. However, the safest way to clean a Yellow Sapphire is

Get a soft tissue or a cloth and wipe the dust off the gemstone.

Now, get some warm water and blend some soft or warm cleanser in it.

For immediate cleaning, wet the washing cloth into this mix and clean the Pukhraj Stone with this cloth.

For long cleansing, place the Pukhraj Ratna in this warm water mixed with detergent for 20-30 minutes.

Now, get a soft toothbrush and rub smoothly to exclude the blemishes perfectly.

Wash and dry the gemstone with a soft cloth and use after it has been dried off properly.

While cleaning a Pukhraj Stone, one must use warm water rather than boiling hot water. Fluids containing anti-static agents, brushes, and moisturizers may transmit marks and residue on the metal in which the stone is set. Also, one should never use perfumes and hairsprays on the gemstone as they take away the shine and glow and make it dull.

#buy gemstones #buy gemstones online #yellow sapphire price per carat #yellow sapphire stone price #certified yellow sapphire #yellow sapphire gemstone price #original yellow sapphire

2 notes · View notes

kk36ll · 2 years

Text

Silicon Carbide (SiC): The Future of Power?

Silicon carbide, also known as SiC, is a semiconductor base material that consists of pure silicon and pure carbon. You can dope SiC with nitrogen or phosphorus to form an n-type semiconductor or dope it with beryllium, boron, aluminum, or gallium to form a p-type semiconductor. While many varieties and purities of silicon carbide exist, semiconductor-grade quality silicon carbide has only surfaced for utilization in the last few decades.

How to Create Silicon Carbide

The simplest silicon carbide manufacturing method involves melting silica sand and carbon, such as coal, at high temperatures―up to 2500 degrees Celsius. Darker, more common versions of silicon carbide often include iron and carbon impurities, but pure SiC crystals are colorless and form when silicon carbide sublimes at 2700 degrees Celsius. Once heated, these crystals deposit onto graphite at a cooler temperature in a process known as the Lely method.

- Lely method: During this process, a granite crucible heats to a very high temperature, usually by way of induction, to sublimate silicon carbide powder. A graphite product rod with lower temperature suspends in the gaseous mixture, which inherently allows the pure silicon carbide to deposit and form crystals.

- Chemical vapor deposition: Alternatively, manufacturers grow cubic SiC using chemical vapor deposition, which is commonly used in carbon-based synthesis processes and used in the semiconductor industry. In this method, a specialized chemical blend of gases enters a vacuum environment and combines before depositing onto a substrate.

Both methods of silicon carbide wafer production require vast amounts of energy, equipment, and knowledge to be successful.

How is Silicon Carbide Useful?

Historically, manufacturers use silicon carbide in high-temperature settings for devices such as bearings, heating machinery components, car brakes, and even knife sharpening tools. In electronics and semiconductor applications, SiC's advantage main advantages are:

- High thermal conductivity of 120-270 W/mK

- Low coefficient of thermal expansion of 4.0x10^-6/°C

- High maximum current density

These three characteristics combined give SiC excellent electrical conductivity, especially when compared to silicon, SiC's more popular cousin. SiC's material characteristics make it highly advantageous for high power applications where high current, high temperatures, and high thermal conductivity are required.

In recent years, SiC has become a key player in the semiconductor industry, powering MOSFETs, Schottky diodes, and power modules for use in high-power, high-efficiency applications. While more expensive than silicon MOSFETs, which are typically limited to breakdown voltages at 900V, SiC allows for voltage thresholds at nearly 10kV.

SiC also has very low switching losses and can support high operating frequencies, which allows it to achieve currently unbeatable efficiencies, especially in applications that operate at over 600 volts. With proper implementation, SiC devices can reduce converter and inverter system losses by nearly 50%, size by 300%, and overall system cost by 20%. This reduction in overall system size lends SiC the ability to be extremely useful in weight and space-sensitive applications.

Silicon Carbide Applications

Many manufacturers are charging forward in using SiC in applications such as electric vehicles, solar energy systems, and data centers. These efficiency-oriented systems all result in high voltages and high temperatures. We're seeing a significant global push to implement SiC over other materials in an effort to reduce carbon emissions caused by power inefficiencies at higher voltages. Although cutting-edge technologies such as electric vehicles and solar energy are pioneering the utilization of SiC, we expect to see more legacy industries follow suit soon.

SiC has become popular in the automotive sector as a result of the industry's demand for high quality, reliability, and efficiency. SiC can answer high voltage demands with prowess. Silicon carbide has the potential to increase electric vehicle driving distances by increasing the overall system efficiency, especially within the inverter system, which increases the vehicle's overall energy conservation while reducing the size and resultant weight of battery management systems.

Goldman Sachs even predicts that utilizing silicon carbide in electric vehicles can reduce EV manufacturing cost and cost of ownership by nearly $2,000 per vehicle. SiC also optimizes EV fast-charging processes, which typically operate in the kV range, where it can reduce overall system loss by almost 30%, increase power density by 30%, and reduce the component count by 30%. This efficiency will allow fast charging stations to be smaller, faster, and more cost effective.

In the solar industry, SiC-enabled inverter optimization also plays a large role in efficiency and cost savings. Utilizing silicon carbide in solar inverters increases the system's switching frequency by two to three times that of standard silicon. This switching frequency increase allows for a reduction in the circuit's magnetics, resulting in considerable space and cost savings. As a result, silicon carbide-based inverter designs can be nearly half the size and weight than that of a silicon-based inverter. Another factor that encourages solar manufacturers and engineers to use SiC over other materials, such as gallium nitride, is its robust durability and reliability. Silicon carbide's reliability enables solar systems to achieve the stable longevity they need to operate continuously for over a decade.

Saving the World with Silicon Carbide

Several key leaders in the silicon carbide space are providing bountiful resources and products centered around SiC. Cree Wolfspeed offers a variety of silicon carbide products, such as:

- MOSFETs

- Diodes

- AEC-Q101 (automotive) rated MOSFETs

-Bare die solutions

Cree Wolfspeed is also the largest manufacturer of base SiC wafers, making them an expert in all things SiC. Cree is dedicated to expanding silicon carbide's feasibility and adoption by 2024. To learn more, check out their full offering of silicon carbide solutions.

Silicon Labs offers excellent isolation solutions specifically aimed at supporting silicon carbide-based designs in the electronic vehicle market. Their target solutions range from battery management systems to traction control inverters that rely on high-frequency power distribution. For more information on Silicon Labs solutions, you may want to learn about how they are revolutionizing EV power. Other semiconductor companies, such as Rohm Semiconductor, boast large portfolios of silicon carbide products as well, including power MOSFETs and power modules.

1 note · View note