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julie1971 · 1 year
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Switzerland to destroy 9M expired doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine after consumer demand plummets
Switzerland to destroy 9M expired doses of Moderna COVID-19 vaccine after consumer demand plummets
Switzerland is set to destroy nine million expired doses of Moderna’s mRNA Wuhan coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine. Another 5.1 million doses are due to meet the same fate by February 2023. Reuters noted that the wastage reflects the Swiss strategy of ordering more vaccines than it needed to ensure its population of around 8.7 million would get sufficient supplies, even in the event of supply…
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medicalequipmentc · 2 years
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Using some sort of disposable syringe avoids the transmission of blood-borne pathogens
On the subject of the safety regarding vaccines, the the first thing is to decide on a high-quality, Disposable Mucus Extractor Suppliers disposable syringe that is constructed of medical grade pp. Your Luer Lock Health Disposable Vaccine Syringe by using 23G Needles includes excellent slidability, a new graduation line, including a safety cap. These features make sure the safe storage and use of syringes. Using some sort of disposable syringe avoids the transmission of blood-borne pathogens. Because syringes may be sterilized, reuse seriously isn't recommended. Besides, they undertake more space than a single dose with vaccine. In supplement, they are not sterilized allowing it to carry harmful microorganisms. Furthermore, they consume 10 times more space than a vaccine. In 2015, the head of your international organization and also the CEO of top-notch COVID-19 vaccine maker met to explore the pressing dependence on more disposable syringes. In order to combat this trouble, UNICEF has announced it will purchase your billion disposable syringes by 2021. These syringes are going to be used for the COVID-19 vaccination strategy in participating countries with the COVAX Facility. Then again, the syringes may differ in formulation in addition to storage requirements. Having said that, they will often be of the auto-dissolvable type, which is approved from the World Health Company. WHO estimates that by end of 2019, seven billion people will be needing two doses from the coronavirus vaccine. This is why it's important with regard to manufacturers to creation more disposable syringes. Additionally, these syringes have added advantage with saving time as well as money because they does not have to be sterilized in addition to reused. The SoloShot can be distributed by UNICEF. In the recent study, the autodestruct syringe provided more doses per vial approach disposable syringe. The most important benefits of your Disposable Vaccine Syringe is its easy use. They are more quickly and easier to make use of and are more accurate over a disposable syringe. This makes them the best choice for immunization advertisments and reduces wastage with vaccines. They also be sure the safety with the vaccination by reducing chance of product contaminants. The SoloShot is a very efficient syringe that is certainly compatible with all shapes and sizes of needles. A Disposable Vaccine Syringe is one of the best way to provide a safe vaccine. The AD syringe hair automatically after a single use, reducing the risk of infections through contaminated needles. At the moment, UNICEF routinely procures disposable syringes for that vaccination of children around the globe. Until the final few decades, children were vaccinated together with reusable syringes and also were exposed on the risk of bloodborne diseases as well as other complications. As the disposable syringe isn't a reusable syringe, it will have many strengths. The SoloShot is usually more accurate, safer, and faster as opposed to disposable syringe. This can be a great alternative into the needle-based syringe allowing it to reduce wastage of vaccines. These products undoubtedly are a must-have for every single clinic. The important things about using them cannot be overstated.
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Covid-19 vaccines: 15.1 million doses thrown away since March 1 in US
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Coronavirus News At least 15.1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine were thrown away since March 1 in the United States, at a time when there is a global shortage of vaccines which in turn is leading to deaths in a poor country.
According to NBC, pharmacies and state governments in the United States have thrown away at least 15.1 million doses of Covid-19 vaccines since March 1.
ALSO READ: WHO warns new Mu variant of Covid-19 could be more vaccine-resistant
Four national pharmacy chains reported more than 1 million wasted doses each, according to data released Tuesday by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in response to a public records request.
Walgreens reported the most waste of any pharmacy, state or other vaccine provider, with nearly 2.6 million wasted doses. CVS reported 2.3 million wasted doses, while Walmart reported 1.6 million and Rite Aid reported 1.1 million...Read more.
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tezlivenews · 3 years
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राजस्थान पर लगे वैक्सीन बर्बादी के आरोप को लोकसभा में स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने खारिज किया
राजस्थान पर लगे वैक्सीन बर्बादी के आरोप को लोकसभा में स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने खारिज किया
जयपुर. राजस्थान में वैक्सीन की बर्बादी को लेकर चली राजनीतिक बयानबाजी के बीच केंद्रीय स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने इन आरोपों को खारिज कर दिया है. केंद्रीय स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय ने लोकसभा में वैक्सीन डोज बर्बादी को लेकर किए गए सवाल के जवाब में कहा कि प्रदेश में वैक्सीन की कोई डोज बर्बाद नहीं हुई, बल्कि 13 जुलाई तक राजस्थान में 2.46 लाख अतिरिक्त वैक्सीन डोज लगाई गई. स्वास्थ्य मंत्रालय की ओर से आए इस जवाब के…
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vilaspatelvlogs · 3 years
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कोरोना के 44 लाख टीके बर्बाद: RTI में वैक्सीन खराब होने के खुलासे पर दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट नाराज, कहा- वेस्टेज से बेहतर है, इसे किसी भी उम्र के लोगों को लगाएं
कोरोना के 44 लाख टीके बर्बाद: RTI में वैक्सीन खराब होने के खुलासे पर दिल्ली हाईकोर्ट नाराज, कहा- वेस्टेज से बेहतर है, इसे किसी भी उम्र के लोगों को लगाएं
Hindi News National Coronavirus Vaccines Wastage; Delhi High Court Says Whomsoever You Can Vaccinate Ads से है परेशान? बिना Ads खबरों के लिए इनस्टॉल करें दैनिक भास्कर ऐप नई दिल्ली21 मिनट पहले कॉपी लिंक यह फोटो पश्चिम बंगाल के बीरभूम की है। यहां एक हेल्थ सेंटर के बाहर वैक्सीन लगवानों की भीड़ लगी है। देश में कोरोना वैक्सीन के काफी ज्यादा वेस्टेज पर मंगलवार को दिल्ली हाई कोर्ट ने नाराजगी जताई।…
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sakettimes · 3 years
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देश में Covid-19 वैक्सीन की 23 लाख से ज्यादा खुराक बर्बाद, आखिर क्यों खराब हुईं डोज और इसे कैसे रोका जाए More than 23 lakh doses of Covid-19 vaccine were wasted Why It Happened And How It Can Be Fixed
देश में Covid-19 वैक्सीन की 23 लाख से ज्यादा खुराक बर्बाद, आखिर क्यों खराब हुईं डोज और इसे कैसे रोका जाए More than 23 lakh doses of Covid-19 vaccine were wasted Why It Happened And How It Can Be Fixed
केंद्र की तरफ से राज्यों को अब तक 7 करोड़ से ज्यादा Covid-19 वैक्सीन खुराक दी गई हैं, जिनमें से 3.46 करोड़ से ज्यादा खुराक लोगों को दी हैं। स्वास्थ्य अधिकारियों के अनुसार, अब तक, कोरोना की लगभग 6.5 प्रतिशत वैक्सीन बेकार हो गई हैं, यानी 23 लाख से ज्यादा वैक्सीन की खुराक बर्बाद हो चुकी हैं। इस आंकड़े के आने के बाद केंद्र ने राज्यों से कहा कि वो वैक्सीनेशन के लिए लोगों को प्रोत्साहित करें और वैक्सीन…
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atlanticcanada · 3 years
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Health Canada approves Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine
Health Canada has approved the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine for use in this country.
It’s a critical moment in Canada’s fight against the novel coronavirus, as it is the first vaccine to receive the green light.
The federal health agency has deemed the vaccine effective and safe for use on Canadians, which means that the team responsible for the rollout of vaccines can now begin the process of administering them.
“Health Canada has determined that the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine meets the Department's stringent safety, efficacy and quality requirements for use in Canada,” said Health Canada in a statement, alongside a series of documents related to the decision, with the promise of more information about the clinical trial in the weeks ahead.
In an interview with CTV National News Medical Correspondent Avis Favaro, Pfizer Canada’s Vaccines Medical Lead Dr. Jelena Vojicic said she is “very pleased” with Health Canada’s decision.
“This is certainly a historic moment for science, and for Canadians. And this is a result of a tremendous effort, starting with the international scientific community, and then going over the dedicated work of Pfizer and BioNTech employees, the clinical trial sites, the participants in the clinical trials, the volunteers,” Vojicic said.
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“And of course, I need to acknowledge the tremendous work by Health Canada in quickly reviewing our file while maintaining really gold standards of review and keeping a vigilant eye on the data.”
The initial doses of the Pfizer vaccine are expected to arrive in Canada next week, and plans are already in place to have the shots ready to be administered at 14 delivery sites in major cities across Canada, within one or two days of shipments arriving.
SHIPPING DOSES 'IMMINENTLY'
Vojicic said that Pfizer is prepared to ship to Canada and she is expecting that shipment will happen “imminently.” She anticipates most vaccines destined for Canada will be coming out of Belgium.
By the end of December, Canada is set to receive up to 249,000 doses of this vaccine, or enough to vaccinate 124,500 people, given it requires two shots a few weeks apart. In total, the federal government has purchased 20 million doses of the vaccine, and has option to buy 56 million more.
From there, Maj.-Gen. Dany Fortin, the top military general leading the rollout from the Public Health Agency of Canada, is expecting a “constant flow” of doses to arrive -- up to four million by the end of March 2021.
Prioritized groups will be the first to receive the vaccine, given the limited quantities to begin with. Among the earliest to receive these shots will be staff and residents in long-term care and other congregate senior living facilities and health-care workers with high exposure risks. Each province is able to modify the national recommendations for prioritization based on their regional situation. For example, Ontario has opted to use the first small batch in Toronto and Peel region, where the most severe lockdowns are in place due to weeks of surging case counts.
For now, the vaccine is being recommended for use in people 16 years of age or older, and further clinical trials are being run on children of all age groups, so it’s possible the Health Canada approval could be revised in the future to include children, if the data from these studies support it.
Because the vaccine needs to be stored at temperatures below -70 C, Pfizer will be delivering batches in special thermal shipping boxes it developed that can keep the vaccine stable for days. Before being injected, the vaccine is thawed, decanted, and mixed, but can only last a few hours at room temperature, so Pfizer is requesting the first doses be given on-site at these 14 facilities where there are ultra-cold freezers in place, to avoid as much wastage as possible from transporting the vials elsewhere.
CANADA SECOND IN WORLD
Canada is the second country in the world to approve the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.
The United Kingdom was first, and began vaccinating its citizens with this vaccine on Tuesday, but the U.K.'s Medical and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency is now warning that people who have a history of serious allergic reactions should not receive the vaccine as they investigate two instances of adverse reactions that occurred in health workers when they received the vaccine.
The United States Food and Drug Administration is set to give the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine the green light to roll out to Americans this week.
Typically, the vaccine submission review process can usually take up to a year, but because of an emergency order, Health Canada has been able to expedite the authorization process. The agency began its regulatory review of the Pfizer vaccine in October, and has since been assessing rolling information as it comes in from the pharmaceutical company’s studies, rather than having to wait until the end of its work to begin reviewing the findings.
“Canadians can feel confident that the review process was rigorous and that we have strong monitoring systems in place. Health Canada and the Public Health Agency of Canada will closely monitor the safety of the vaccine once it is on the market and will not hesitate to take action if any safety concerns are identified,” said Health Canada on Tuesday. The pharmaceutical giant will also have to routinely provide additional quality, efficacy, and safety information.
Pfizer was one of four vaccine candidates Health Canada has been evaluating, with assessment ongoing for the Moderna, AstraZeneca, and Johnson & Johnson vaccines. In total, Canada has signed contracts guaranteeing access to 194 million doses of potential COVID-19 vaccines with the option to purchase 220 million more, meaning if all trials pan out, we’d have access to 414 million doses.
COVID-19 vaccines will be offered to Canadians free of charge, will not be mandatory, and will eventually be available to all who want to be vaccinated. The government has said its target is to vaccinate the majority of Canadians by September, 2021.
from CTV News - Atlantic https://ift.tt/3grsqjm
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sharmaheena850 · 3 years
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Have provided nearly 180 mn vaccine doses to states, UTs for free: Govt
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India has so far provided nearly 18 crore vaccine doses (17,93,57,860) to States and Union Territories free of cost. Of this, the total consumption including wastages is 16,89,27,797 doses, as per data available at 8 am on Monday, said government.
According to the Ministry of Health and Family Wellfare, more than one crore COVID Vaccine doses (1,04,30,063) are still available with the States/UTs to be administered. States with negative balance are showing more consumption (including wastage) than vaccine supplied as they have not reconciled the vaccine they have supplied to Armed Forces.
Furthermore, more than nine lakh (9,24,910) vaccine doses will be received in addition by the States/UTs within the next three days.
Meanwhile, the country registered 3,66,161 new coronavirus cases in the last 24 hours today. With this, the cumulative count of the cases has gone up to 2,26,62,575. Read More
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encryption11 · 3 years
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Blockchain Technology And Its Utilization For COVID-19 Vaccination
The coronavirus pandemic has incited uncertainty and panic around the globe due to its novelty. It has adversely affected every socio-political regime and caused one of the greatest economic recessions of modern history. The new realities of COVID-19 outbreak have made us realize that we need modern solutions to the modern world-problems. We can see increased technological adoption and innovation in the fields of medicine, transportation, communication, education and, community welfare, etc., in line with the combative and protective measures of coronavirus pandemic. It goes without saying that finding a vaccine against Covid-19 is crucial yet it is even more important to ensure its equitable distribution across the globe. How is this possible? Well, blockchain technology is one of the most proposed and effective ways to be put into effect in this regard.
How Blockchain Technology Will Help End the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Given the current circumstances, we need to build vaccine manufacturing and supply chain capacity even larger than ever before. The security and verifiability of blockchain will help mass production, distribution and vigilant monitoring of the whole process in an innovative and secure way. This can be understood by going through the following:
Mass Production and Distribution
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A blockchain ledger will ensure the most efficient supply chain by recording the manufacturing process and tracing each stage of production and distribution across the chain. A blockchain enabled supply chain will be equitable because of its decentralized nature. Without a single source of control, it will ensure pouring down to the ones who are in the urgent and actual need of vaccination.
Quality Control and Waste Reduction
The storage and transit of vaccines often leads to a percentage of loss. The blockchain technology will decrease the wastage percentage by tracking each source and stakeholder within the supply chain. It will help the healthcare industry to minimize problems and risks. From controlling the storage temperatures to accessing the number of needed syringes, this technology is capable of ensuring the access of every patient to the vaccine in a transparent manner.
Building an Equitable and Responsive System
Provided that there are multiple economic, geopolitical and nationalist interests, the supply chain for coronavirus vaccine will be unique. These interests are projected to influence the finding of cure, manufacturing the vaccine, and it's access and availability; the supply chain is needed to be equitable and responsive. There should be a global consensus on who should get it first, instead of disputing over who should buy it first. A blockchain technology is expected to sort these interest-related problems of the modern times.
It is essential to mention that in these testing times, a Vaccination Cryptocurrency (VAC) has been developed and employed for transparent and easy collection of contributions for the global fund that had been put into place by the World Health Organization to aid the production of COVID-19 vaccine. Given the promising prospects of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology, it has been dubbed as "the future" by many people. The day is not far when this technology will be considered a backbone of innovation, secured data storage and transformation.
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The role of cold chain logistics in the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry is more important than ever
More than 2.39 billion COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered across the globe as of June 2021, according to reports based on government data from sources. An aggressive vaccine drive and a cold chain logistics support is our only hope to finally put an end to the Coronavirus pandemic that has taken more than 2.8 million lives across the globe. All countries across the world are focusing on vaccinating their entire population as soon as possible as many countries are now facing a second or a third COVID-19 wave.
Given that India is the second-most populous country in the world with a population of 1.2 billion people, it is a major challenge for the government to vaccinate 1.2 billion people timely, especially after the tragic second wave. While vaccine shortage remains a huge concern for India, challenges in India’s cold chain logistics remain another reason to worry. Several states of the country have been reporting vaccine wastage.
To prevent any kind of vaccine wastage, India needs to have its cold chain logistics network in place to ensure there is negative wastage of vaccines. Both COVAXIN and COVISHIELD, which are majorly being administered in India, need a cold-storage facility and cannot be exposed to heat or be frozen. Department of Biotechnology Secretary Renu Swarup said that Indian vaccines need to be stored at 2-8 degrees Celsius.
It is imperative to ensure proper temperature management of these vaccines, especially during transportation. Here’s where cold chain logistics play a major role. Apart from procuring cold chain equipment, the Indian pharma industry needs to have efficient cold chain logistics to ensure that no lives are lost because of poor management of the vaccines.
Several medical experts from across the globe have been emphasizing how maintaining a robust cold-chain system utmost importance as vaccines are sensitive products.
“If a person is vaccinated and the temperature has breached its intolerance limit or lost its potency, the efficiency rate is hampered.”
– W.H.O.
The World Health Organization (WHO) mandate has said that the temperature for any COVID-19 vaccine cannot be lower than 2 degrees or above 8 degrees. It is more important than ever for Indian pharmaceutical companies to have efficient cold chain logistics and supply chain network as well as infrastructure to ensure a proper cold chain system.
 Need of the hour : Cold Chain Logistics
A cold chain logistics and supply chain that monitors vaccines throughout the entire process—right from the transit to when it is dosed.
Tracking vaccines as they move across the supply chain while maintaining all protocols.
Creating and implementing an IT-enabled mechanism at all vaccine manufacturing units.
Using temperature data logger/IoT devices to monitor temperature at storage and at time of transportation.
Pharmaceuticals are exported and imported across the globe on a large scale. Unlike the other logistics and supply chain industries, pharmaceutical chain logistics is complex and huge. It is not a regular supply chain because it has a major role to play in saving lives. With the rise in demand for COVID-19 medication and vaccines, it is very important to have a transparent and effective cold chain with proper temperature-controlled transportation and other required equipment to ensure that no lives are lost due to just a glitch.
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itssashasharma · 3 years
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Inspection Machines Market : Technological advancements in the field of Pharmaceutical and Medical Device
According to the new market research report “Inspection Machines Market by Product (Vision Inspection, Checkweigher, Metal Detector, Software), Type (Manual, Automatic), Packaging Type (Vials, Syringes, Blisters), End User (Pharmaceutical, Medical Device), COVID-19 Impact – Global Forecast to 2025″, published by MarketsandMarkets™, the Inspection machine market is projected to reach USD 871 million by 2025 from USD 671 million in 2020, at a CAGR of 5.4% during the forecast period.
Browse in-depth TOC on “Inspection Machines Market” 134 – Tables 46 – Figures 231 – Pages
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The growth of this market is majorly driven as companies are now increasingly adopting inspection systems throughout their production lines due to the growing concerns to the regulatory mandates introduced by the government and regulatory bodies in the healthcare industry to maintain compliance with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Furthermore, the increasing adoption of automated inspection systems in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, growth in the number of product recalls, an increasing number of inspection checkpoints throughout the production line, and technological advancements in inspection systems support the growth of the market. However, the growing demand for used and refurbished inspection systems is expected to restrain this market’s growth to a certain extent. Also, the complexities of introducing inspection machines in a production line may hamper the market’s growth to a certain extent.
Since the beginning of 2020, the majority of the countries worldwide shut down their borders and limited transportation in a bid to contain the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, thus, creating impediments for international trade and transportation. This had disrupted the supply chains for the inspection machines market, temporarily leading to a fall in demand due to uncertainty in the global economy and capital markets.
The software segment is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Based on product, the inspection machines market is segmented into vision inspection systems, leak detection systems, X-ray inspection systems, combination systems, checkweighers, metal detectors, software, and other inspection systems. The software segment is projected to witness the highest growth in the market during the forecast periods (2020-2025). Growth in this segment is driven mostly by the increasing demand for faster inspection of products in the manufacturing process and minimal human inspection leads to the growth of adopting digital solutions for better imaging and accuracy. Software integrated with such systems is improving the overall process efficiency.
The fully automated machines segment is expected to account for the largest share of the market
Based on type, the market is segmented into fully automated machines, semi-automated machines, and manual machines. The fully automated machines segment accounted for the largest share of the inspection machines market in 2019. The large share of the fully automated machines segment can be attributed to these systems benefits, such as high throughput rate, maximum inspection accuracy, high detection rate, and compliance with high standard regulations compared to the other systems. The real-time defect tracking capability of these systems makes it a choice to avoid re-inspection, and are thus being adopted across various industries.
Syringes segment is expected to grow at the highest rate during the forecast period
Based on application, the inspection machines market is segmented into ampoules & vials, syringes, blister packaging, bottles, and other packaging types. The syringes segment is expected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period, primarily due to the increasing adoption of inspection machines being used to check pre-filled syringes as these syringes are witnessing a surge in adoption for injectable drug delivery and vaccines. Also, the benefits of reduced drug wastage increased product life span, and the easy self-administer of injectable drugs at home are expected to support market growth in this segment.
The pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies end-user segment is expected to account for the largest share of the market
The inspection machines market, by end-user, is segmented into pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies, medical device manufacturers, food processing & packaging companies, and other end-users (nutraceuticals and cosmetic companies). The pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies segment accounted for the largest market share in 2019. Inspection machines are widely used in pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies for quality checks and quality assurance, which is a major factor in driving the market growth. Furthermore, a growing number of pharmaceutical & biotechnology companies are utilizing inspection machines owing to factors such as the increasing compliance to GMP guidelines and the increasing number of inspection checkpoints in the production & packaging lines, stringent government regulations, the increasing need to combat counterfeit pharmaceutical products, product recalls, and the prevention of loss of business revenue due to the deployment of inspection machines.
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Asia Pacific is expected to account for the highest CAGR for players operating in the market
The Asia Pacific inspection machines market is expected to grow at the highest CAGR from 2020 to 2025. Factors such as the increasing number of regulatory mandates in the healthcare industry to maintain compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP); the growing number of pharmaceutical & biotechnology manufacturers; significant economic development in emerging markets such as China and India; tremendous growth in the pharmaceutical, food processing & packaging, and medical device industries; and favorable government initiatives to promote the inspection of products in the pharmaceutical & biopharmaceutical industries are expected to drive the growth of this market during the forecast period.
The prominent players in this inspection machines market are Robert Bosch GmbH (Germany), Körber AG (Germany), METTLER-TOLEDO International Inc. (US), ACG Group (India), Cognex Corporation (US), OMRON Corporation (Japan), Teledyne Technologies Incorporated (US), Brevetti CEA SpA (Italy).
Browse Adjacent Markets: Pharmaceuticals Market Research Reports & Consulting
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Pharmaceutical Packaging Equipment Market by Product (Aseptic Packaging, Blister, Strip, Bottle, Tube, Carton, Case Packer, Wrapping Machine, Palletizing, Labeling & Serialization), Type (Tablet, Powder, Cream, Syrup, Aerosol), Region – Global Forecast to 2025
https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/pharmaceutical-packaging-equipment-market-19845828.html
Fluoroscopy Equipment Market
by Product (Fixed C-Arms, Fluoroscopy Systems (Remote Controlled, Patient Side), Mobile C-arms), and Application (Diagnostic (Cardio, Gastroenterology, Nephrology), Surgical (Ortho, Neuro, Cardio) – Global Forecast to 2025
https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/fluoroscopy-equipment-market-23056341.html
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eagle-eyez · 3 years
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ZyCoV-D, a needle-free three-dose COVID-19 vaccine developed by Indian pharmaceutical firm Zydus Cadila received an emergency use license in India on Friday, after a government panel recommended the same to India's central drug authority.
The Ahmedabad-based pharma major had on 1 July applied for emergency use authorisation (EUA) with the Drug Controller General of India (DCGI) for the vaccine. The company said it has conducted the largest clinical trial for the vaccine in India in over 50 centres so far.
Why is this relevant?
ZyCoV-D is the world's first DNA vaccine against the SARS-Cov-2 virus infection, developed by an Indian company and become the sixth vaccine that has been approved for use in the country after Serum Institute's Covishield, Bharat Biotech's Covaxin, Russia's Sputnik V and the US-made Moderna and Johnson and Johnson.
It is also the first vaccine candidate in India that has been found safe for use in children above the age of 12. Countries like US, France and Germany are already at various stages of providing vaccines for minors. In India, apart from ZyCoV-D, Bharat biotech's Covaxin is also under trial for use among the 2 to 18-year-old population.
Zydus Cadila, that already has anti-COVID treatments available in the market claimed to have conducted the largest clinical trial in India so far at over 50 centers and the participants included people between age group 12 and 18 years. The Covaxin trial includes 525 minor volunteers.
How is it different from other vaccines?
 ZyCoV-D is a three-dose vaccine, unlike Bharat Biotech's Covaxin and Serum Institute of India-manufactured Covishield jabs.
However, the company said it has also evaluated a two-dose regimen for ZyCoV-D vaccine using a 3-milligram dose per visit and the immunogenicity results had been found to be equivalent to the current three-dose regimen.
This will further help in reducing the full course duration of vaccination while maintaining the high safety profile of the vaccine in the future, the company added.
ZyCoV-D is touted to be a 'needle-free' vaccine.
It is an intradermal vaccine, which is applied using The PharmaJet needle-free system.  Needle-free injectors deliver the vaccine using a narrow stream of fluid to penetrate the skin and deliver the vaccine to the proper tissue depth. The company says this methodology can eliminate chances of needlestick injury and will also lead to a significant reduction in any kind of side effects. It will also help people suffering from trypanophobia, a common condition marked by an irrational fear of blood or needles. It's estimated that fear of needles affects up to 25 percent of adults.
ZyCoV-D is not very sensitive to temperature, unlike its competitors. The prescribed storage temperature is between 2 to 8 degrees centigrade but has shown good stability at temperatures of 25 degrees centigrade as well for at least three months.
The thermostability of the vaccine will help in easy transportation and storage of the vaccine and reduce any cold chain breakdown challenges leading to vaccine wastage.
The plasmid DNA platform provides ease of manufacturing with minimal biosafety requirements.
It can be manufactured at a BSL-1 grade lab which brings down the cost of production and ensures that the cost of expanding production units. In comparison, Covaxin needs a Bio-Safety Level 3 lab to manufacture the jab.
The Plasmid DNA platform also allows generating new constructs quickly to deal with mutations in the virus, such as those already occurring
The science behind the jab: How does it work?
ZyCoV-D is a plasmid DNA vaccine which when injected produces the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and elicits an immune response mediated by the cellular and humoral arms of the human immune system, which play a vital role in protection from disease as well as viral clearance.
In simpler words, it means that the vaccine is manufactured by creating a close enough copy of the virus' DNA sequence so that no harm or disease is caused, but the immune system response is triggered when the body encounters the real virus the next time.
Interim efficacy results
The vaccine has shown a primary efficacy of 66.6 percent for symptomatic RT-PCR positive cases in the interim analysis. Whereas, no moderate case of COVID-19 disease was observed in the vaccine beneficiaries post administration of the third dose suggesting 100% efficacy for moderate disease.
No severe cases or deaths due to COVID-19 occurred in the vaccine recipients after administration of the second dose of the vaccine.
However, its phase three trial data is not yet peer-reviewed.
The vaccine manufacturers also claimed that the vaccine's efficacy data were collected through India's largest clinical trial for a coronavirus vaccine so far. A study carried out in more than 50 clinical sites spread across the country and during the peak of the second wave of COVID-19 reaffirming the vaccine's efficacy against the new mutant strains especially the delta variant, Cadila Healthcare managing director Dr Patel said.
He also emphasised that the plasmid DNA platform is ideally suited for dealing with COVID-19 as it can be easily adapted to deal with mutations in the virus. Moreover, the DNA vaccines offer a number of potential advantages over traditional approaches that include stimulation of both B and T cell responses, improving the vaccine stability, says WHO.
Availability and pricing
The company said that it can be ready for rollout within 45 to 60 days of getting approval. The company plans to manufacture 10 to 12 crore doses annually in the early stages. However, the company did not give any hint on the expected price of the vaccine jab. It clarified that the price of the vaccine will be charged separately and the needle-free applicator will come at a separate cost. The company has, however, not yet decided if it will roll out the final product by clubbing the prices of the jab and the applicator.
"It is too early to comment on the pricing. That discussion is yet to happen. We will announce the price before the commercial launch of ZyCoV-D," Patel told a press conference. He said that so far up to Rs 500 crore has been invested in the development of the Zydus vaccine.
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