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goodgriefnd · 1 year

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How Common is Neurodivergence?

[image id: poster of "How Common is Neurodivergence?.” There are 12 circles and five small images: an image of a brain, speech bubbles, an infinity sign, a person reading, and a person surrounded by arrows and balls. Each of the 12 circles has a percentage representing how common a particular form of neurodivergence is written in Open Dyslexic font. Full transcript, more information, and references under the cut.]

More Information

Forms of neurodivergence represented here are focused on neurodevelopmental disorders.

These percentages are representative of percentage in general population and do not reflect percentages within neurotypes which are often higher due to co-occurrence being the norm, rather than the exception, within neurodevelopmental disorders; for example, 33-45% of people with ADHD will also have dyslexia (Butterworth & Kovas, 2013), whereas only 10% of the general population are dyslexic (British Dyslexia Association [BDA], 2023).

Certain neurodivergencies are often underrepresented and under-reported, so the percentages are likely to be higher; for example, one study suggests that rates for FASD in the UK may be as high as 17% (McQuire et al., 2019).

Some of the neurodivergencies represented here are umbrella terms and percentages given are representative of all forms of neurodiversity belonging to that term; for example, SpLds include dyslexia which is at a rate of 10% (BDA, 2023) and dyscalculia which is at 3-7% (Haberstroh & Schulte-Körne., 2019). Tic Disorders at 1% are another example here, as this is inclusive of Tourette Syndrome which is at 0.6%, and around 1 in 5 individuals exhibit tics at some point during childhood (Cavanna et al., 2017).

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Transcript in Full

1% Intellectual Disability

10% Language Disorder

4% Speech Sound Disorder

5% Stuttering

7.5% Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

1.7% Autism

5% ADHD

10% Specific Learning Disorder (SpLD)

5% Developmental Co-Ordination Disorder (DCD)

3-4% Stereotypic Movement Disorder

1% Tic Disorders

3.6% Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

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Sources

American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Ed., Text Rev.).

Arvidsson, O., Gillberg, C., Lichtenstein, P., & Lundström, S. (2018). Secular changes in the symptom level of clinically diagnosed autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 59(7), 744–751.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). PsychDB. (2022, November 29).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). PsychDB. (2022, May 19).

Butterworth, B., & Kovas, Y. (2013). Understanding neurocognitive developmental disorders can improve education for all. Science, 340(6130), 300–305.

Cavanna, A. E., Coffman, K.A., Cowley, H., Fahn, S., Franklin, M. E., Gilbert, D.L., Hershey, T.G., Jankovic, J., Jones, M., Leckman, J.F., Lehman, R., Mathews, C.A., Malaty, I., McNaught, K., Mink, J.W., Okun, M.S., Rowe, J.A., Scahill, L.D., Scharf, J.M., Schlaggar, B.L., Stewart, E., Walkup, J.T., Woods, D.W.. (2017). The spectrum of Tourette Syndrome and TIC disorders: A consensus by Scientific Advisors of the Tourette Association of America. Tourette Association of America.

British Dyslexia Association. (2023). Dyslexia. British Dyslexia Association.

Dyspraxia at a glance. Dyspraxia Foundation. (2023).

Haberstroh, S., & Schulte-Körne, G. (2019). The Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyscalculia. Deutsches Arzteblatt International, 116(7), 107–114.

Ketelaars, M. P., Cuperus, J. M., van Daal, J., Jansonius, K., & Verhoeven, L. (2009). Screening for pragmatic language impairment: The potential of the Children’s Communication Checklist. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 30(5), 952–960.

May, P. A., Baete, A., Russo, J., Elliott, A. J., Blankenship, J., Kalberg, W. O., Buckley, D., Brooks, M., Hasken, J., Abdul-Rahman, O., Adam, M. P., Robinson, L. K., Manning, M., & Hoyme, H. E. (2014). Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Pediatrics, 134(5), 855–866.

McQuire, C., Mukherjee, R., Hurt, L., Higgins, A., Greene, G., Farewell, D., Kemp, A., & Paranjothy, S. (2019). Screening prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a region of the United Kingdom: A population-based birth-cohort study. Preventive Medicine, 118, 344–351.

Norbury, C. F., Gooch, D., Wray, C., Baird, G., Charman, T., Simonoff, E., Vamvakas, G., & Pickles, A. (2016). The impact of nonverbal ability on prevalence and clinical presentation of language disorder: Evidence from a population study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57(11), 1247–1257.

Polanczyk, G. V., Willcutt, E. G., Salum, G. A., Kieling, C., & Rohde, L. A. (2014). ADHD prevalence estimates across three decades: an updated systematic review and meta-regression analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology, 43(2), 434–442.

Polanczyk, G., de Lima, M. S., Horta, B. L., Biederman, J., & Rohde, L. A. (2007). The worldwide prevalence of ADHD: A systematic review and metaregression analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164(6), 942–948.

Prevalence and Therapy Rates for Stuttering, Cluttering, and Developmental Disorders of Speech and Language: Evaluation of German Health Insurance Data. (2021). Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 15(645292), 1–13.

Social (pragmatic) communication disorder. PsychDB. (2021, March 29).

Stereotypic movement disorder. United Brain Association. (2022, August 8).

Wren, Y., Miller, L. L., Peters, T. J., Emond, A., & Roulstone, S. (2016). Prevalence and predictors of persistent speech sound disorder at eight years old: Findings from a population cohort study. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 59(4), 647–673.

UCL. (2013, April 19). Learning disabilities affect up to 10 per cent of children. UCL News.

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snickerdoodlles · 11 months

Note

May I please get a headcanon about Korn's (hopefully soon) death

nonny u are speaking my love language. i think you will be delighted to know that tortoise and i are so consistent in killing off Korn in our fics that i even have a patricide bingo chart to keep track of everyone who gets a crack at patricide.

however, posting that would be spoilers, so instead have some gashlycrumb tinies: Korn edition, i spent much too long thinking about (ty @majestictortoise who gave me the idea and helped me finish the list 😂❤❤❤)

patricide bingo

A is for accident, he fell off a balcony B is for backfired, a plan not thought through C is for Chay, who just shot him one day D is for drowning in the Deutsche Bank pool E is for eels, which all villain lairs need F is for family, taking turns stabbing G is for garage, with the engine still running H is for heart attack, reported as natural I is for injection, delivered under the tongue J is for jungle, stranded for dead K is for killbox, a conspiracy’s end L is for lye, stripping skin from bone M is for middleborn, pushed past his limit N is for nepotism, his heir’s cleaning house O is for outsourced, the boys deserved a vacation P is for predator, snapped up like a mouse Q is for quick, the brothers fresh out of patience R is for revenge by a kidnapped victim S is for smothered under his down feather pillow T is for trampled, a true accident after all U is for united, his sons joined together V is for Valium, a bad mix with whisky W is for wrench, Vegas came out swinging X is for Xanax, it’s even worse with both Y is for youngest, breaking out of the loop Z is for zipper, he ripped off his dick

Send an ask, get a headcanon

#this list contains so many spoilers #not saying which ones #kinnporsche #if i was really good i'd make this into a proper rhyme #ha h #ask game: headcanon gacha

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badrrr · 7 months

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Some of the names that had previously been mentioned here in this channel. The least we can do is to atleast mention the ones we know..

Our scholars from Bangladesh who are behind bars, among whom are:

Sheikh Jashim Uddin Rahmani

Sheikh Hārūn Izhar

Sheikh Ali Hassan Osama

Sheikh Mahmud Hasan Gunvi

Sheikh Abu Taha with his two assistants Amir Uddin Foyez and Abdul Muhit

Our Scholars, students of knowledge and preachers who have been imprisoned and tortured by Tawagheet Regimes, among whom are:

Shaykh Nāṣir alFahd

Shaykh Sulaymān Nasir al-Alwan

Shaykh Waleed As-Sinani

Shaykh Khalid Rashid

Shaykh Ali al-Khudayr

Shaykh al-Khalidi

Shaykh Saud al-Obaid al-Qahtani

Shaykh Ahmad al-Asir

Shaykh Faisal

Shaykh Benbrika

Shaykh Abu Baraa- As-Sayf

Shaykh Abu Umar

Abu Hamza al-Misri

Abu Hamza (ATP)

Abu Imran (Belgium)

Abu Ilyas (Holland)

Abu Abdurrahman (Denmark)

Our scholars who had been k***d in the way of Allah after imprisonment:

Shaykh Musa al-Qarni

Shaykh Faris az-Zahrani

Shaykh Hamad al-Humeidi

Shaykh Abdul Aziz al-Tiwayli

Others:

Afiya

Hayla al-Qusayr

Umm A

Umm Abdul Qayoom

Ukht M and her daughters S and R (UK)

Sabir Miah (UK)

Ali Hussain (UK)

Safiyya (UK)

Safiya Yassin (USA)

Our young Deutsch

sis & student of Shaykh AMJ

Muhammad Abu Bakr (Minshawary)

Ali Bhola

Abul wali AbuKhadir Muse (The Smiling Somali)

Iqbal Khan (India)

Abu Syahla

Muhammad

Abu Yousuf

Brother R

Abu I and Abu N

Ukht S & Ukht H from India

Umm Hud

Sister A

Sister B & siblings & their mother

Umm Mariyah

Brothers Jahanzaib, Nabeel, Abdullah Basit

Sister S (Bangladesh)

Our dear brother Muhammad Azharuddin

Brother 'Talib Exposed'

Brother Abu Luqman (Anjem)

Brother Khaled

Abu Fazul

Abu Umar (Pakistan)

Iqbal

Ibn Tsar (Chechen)

Hadi Nabi

Abu Ibrahim

Ari and Alan

Last edited on 25 Sep 23

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اللهم فك قيد اسرانا و اسرى المسلمين

#muslim #muslim captives

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espenlearnsdgs · 11 months

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German Sign Language vocab 👋🏻🇩🇪

-> Manimundo A1: Alphabet

-> videos are from gebaerdenlernen

SCH

("Deutsche Gebärdensprache", DGS)

#deutsche gebärdensprache #dgs #german sign language #learn sign language #learning sign language #sign language #gebärdensprache #langblr #langblog

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butchboromir · 4 months

Note

sprichst du deutsch oder lernst du? ich will mehr deutsche musiker kennenlernen!

ich lerne deutsch :-)! aber mein sprachschatz ist ein bisschen scheiße so i am answering the rest of this ask in english!

most of my recs are going to be punk/metal related bc they're the genres i listen to most! hope that's alright. also lmk if you want song reccomendations/starting points for any of these

my favorite (german, but also just favorite) bands are: dArtagnan (folk rock/mittelalter rock) and Feuerschwanz (powermetal/mittelalter rock). these two are the ones i'm posting about all the time.

i'm assuming you know them already, but rammstein and OOMPH! are both neue deustche härte/industrial metal bands, and both of them rock

Die Toten Hosen and Die Ärzte are both more well known (punk)rock bands, both great

other assorted punk bands i like: ZSK, WIZO, Sempf, Betontod

Schleim-keim, L'Attentat, Wutanfall, Namenlos, and Feeling B are all bands that came out of the punk scene in the DDR in the 80s. super interesting scene to read about and listen to. if the history of the punk scene in the ddr sounds at all innteresting to you, consider checking out the book "Burning Down the Haus: Punk Rock, Revolution, and the Fall of the Berlin Wall" by Tim Mohr! it's a really interesting read. (also fun fact! a couple of the dudes from Rammstein were in Feeling B before R+ was a thing)

and now i leave you with this: my german tunes playlist. it doesn't have all of the bands i listed on here, but it's a pretty decent mix i think

#my speaking/output skills are like a lot worse than my input skills LOL i've spent the past year doing nothing but consuming german music #but i only started taking formal classes this fall. so i'm in a weird limbo of understanding more than i can say #ANYWAYS!!!!!!!! I HOPE THIS WAS HELPFUL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!#asks #friends #blorb0

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fake-vz · 9 months

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Wichtige Änderung: Hashtags

Wir haben uns dazu entschieden die Hashtags für die Nutzerprofile ein wenig zu verändern, sodass diese nun in einer einheitlichen Sprache zu benutzen und aufzufinden sind. Die Änderungen haben wir bereits vorgenommen, ihr müsst nichts dafür machen!

Einzig und allein die Pronomen bleiben Englisch (da die Umsetzung im Deutschen etwas schwieriger ist).

Zusätzlich haben wir die Kategorie "Fandoms" eingebaut. Die derzeit aufgelisteten Fandoms sind Beispiele. Ihr könnt ab sofort eure beliebigen Fandoms mit in euren Nutzerprofilen markieren. Für Anime und Manga haben wir grob den Hashtag "f: animanga" hinzugefügt. Wenn gewünscht, kann natürlich der Name des Anime/Manga extra verwendet werden.

Der Fandom-Hashtag tritt ab sofort in Kraft. Wenn es hier Nutzer*innen gibt, die bei ihren bereits von uns geposteten Profilen ihr Fandom hinzufügen wollen, dann schreibt uns bitte im Chat eine Nachricht mit dem jeweiligen Fandom!

Vor jedem Fandom-Namen benutzen wir den Buchstaben f: und für den Beziehungsstatus nutzen wir ab sofort b: (vorher r:)

ÜBERSICHT:

Nutzbare Tags:

userfakevz, profile, krimi, übernatürlich, historisch, mythologie, gegenwart, fantasie, eigenkreation, vorlage, prominente, she-her, he-him, they-them, she-they, he-they, keine pronomen, deutsch, englisch, b: single, b: vergeben, b: offene beziehung, b: für alles zu haben, b: kein interesse, f: marvel, f: dc, f: animanga, f: disney, f: shadowhunters, f: grisha (f: beliebiges fandom)

Kategorien:

Alle Profile mit hinzugefügten Kategorien

Profile ohne Angaben

Alle Profile mit und ohne Angaben

Suchthread

Suchen

Genre:

krimi (vorher "crime")

übernatürlich (vorher "supernatural")

mythologie

gegenwart (in der heutigen Zeit anzutreffen) (vorher "modern setting")

historisch (vorher "period setting")

fantasie

eigenkreation (für ausgedachte Charaktere) (vorher "own character")

vorlage (für Charaktere, die in Filmen/Serien/Büchern etc. existieren) (vorher "fandom character")

Fandoms:

marvel

animanga

disney

witcher

shadowhunters

grisha

Pronomen:

she-her

he-him

they-them

she-they

he-they

keine pronomen

Bevorzugte Sprachen:

Englisch

Deutsch

(bei beiden Sprachen einfach beides taggen)

Beziehungsstatus:

single

in einer Beziehung

offene Beziehung

für alles zu haben

kein Interesse

#psa #fakevz

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hippography · 10 months

Photo

Deutsches Kaltblut. Pferdezucht-Verband der Provinz Sachsen, Halle.

„Ameise v. Wanzleben“ Pr. S. Nr. 9995.

Geb. 6. 4. 1925. Züchter u. Besitzer: E. Kühne-Wanzleben (Pr. S.). V.: Nitti v. Golzheim Pr. 8. 575. von Néron de Buzet (R. Z. 108) und Gundi (R. Z. 3065). M.: Paula Pr. S. 2872. von Cicero (R. S. 375) und Trinkhorn (R. S. 4857). 1927: Dortmund: D.L.G. Ausstellung I b.-Preis und Ehrenpreis der Landw. Kammer Westfalen. 1928: Leipzig: D.L.G. Ausstellung Ib.-Preis. 1929: Magdeburg: Bezirkstierschau Ia.-Preis. 1930: Stendal: 1. Prov.-Pferde-Ausstellung Ia.-Preis, Ehrenpreis und Diplom des Reichsverbandes der Kaltblutzüchter Deutschlands.

Züchtungskunde, 1931, Band VI.

#Deutsches Kaltblut #stute #Ameise von Wanzleben #draught horse #draft horse #mare #1931 #Züchtungskunde

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musikblog · 7 months

Photo

LGoony - sad sad story Teenager mögen wieder Schlager. Vorbei die wilden Neunziger, wo die Heranwachsenden in Flanellhemden zu den krachigen Gitarren von Nirvana und Co. ihre Nackenmuskeln mit ausgiebigem Headbangen trainierten. Stattdessen schaffen es sogar die Flippers und Wolfang Petry wieder auf die Playlisten der hormonverwirrten Pubertären. Findet sich hier die Erklärung, warum dieses Genre nun sogar auch im […] https://www.musikblog.de/2023/09/lgoony-sad-sad-story/ #LGoony #Album #DeutschRap #HipPop #RB #Trap

#Album #Deutsch-Rap #Hip-Pop #R&amp;B #Trap

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oldschoolfic-ds9 · 2 years

Text

Tag Lists

About the tags

Posts are tagged with the #’d phrases below. Clicking the underlined tag phrase or tag description will take you to all posts for that tag. These phrases are designed to provide a method for searching without clogging up a character’s or ship’s main tag. (Relatedly, if any one of these tags is already in common use and we didn't realize it, you can let us know and we'll change our tag to make it more arcane! Our tags are more for organization and navigation within this blog than anything else.)

Posts can also be searched for using multiple categories. (Example: searching on the blog's search bar for “garakbashirfic citrusfic” will get you all Garak/Bashir fics that are also NC-17.)

Rating tags

#no rating

G | #ratedg

PG | #ratedpg

PG-13 (includes T ratings) | #ratedpg13

R (includes M ratings) | #ratedrm

NC-17 (includes E and adult ratings) | #citrusfic

Language tags

中文 (Chinese)

Deutsche (German)

English

Word count tags

under 2k | #2korless

2k-5k | #2kto5k

5k-10k | #5kto10k

10k-20k | #10kto20k

20k-40k | #20kto40k

40k-60k | #40kto60k

60k-100k | #60kto100k

100k+ | #100kormore

Year published tags

unknown | #unknownyear

1992 | #year1992

1993 | #year1993

1994 | #year1994

1995 | #year1995

1996 | #year1996

1997 | #year1997

1998 | #year1998

1999 | #year1999

2000 | #year2000

2001 | #year2001

2002 | #year2002

2003 | #year2003

2004 | #year2004

2005 | #year2005

2006 | #year2006

2007 | #year2007

2008 | #year2008

2009 | #year2009

2010 | #year2010

2011 | #year2011

2012 | #year2012

2013 | #year2013

2014 | #year2014

2015 | #year2015

2016 | #year2016

2017 | #year2017

2018 | #year2018

Specific ship and character tags

Due to the limit on number of inline links allowed in a post, the specific character and ship tags have been broken up into multiple posts, sorted alphabetically by character surname. Each ship tag is listed under ALL characters involved. (Example: the tag for Jadzia Dax/Worf can be found under both Jadzia Dax and Worf.)

directory

A - B

C - D (Ezri Dax)

D (Jadzia Dax) - D (Dukat)

E - K (Kahless)

K (Lenara Kahn) - L (Lauren)

L (Leeta) - O (Kirayoshi O'Brien)

O (Miles O'Brien) - Q (Q)

Q (Quark) - S (Benjamin Sisko)

S (Jake Sisko) - T

V - Z

Other character and ship tags

#characters withheld (identities of characters withheld by author)

#no relationship (no romantic relationships listed)

original character(s) | #additional tags: OC

#additional tags: other relationships (for ships between OCs and/or non-DS9 characters)

#relationship left ambiguous

#relationships withheld (relationship(s) in fic withheld by author)

Additional tags and warnings

angst | #additional tags: angst

AU | #additional tags: AU

#AU: canon divergence

characters: DS9 crew/ensemble | #characters: ensemble

#crossover

AOS | #crossover: ST AOS

ENT | #crossover: ST ENT

TAS | #crossover: ST TAS

TNG | #crossover: ST TNG

TOS | #crossover: ST TOS

VOY | #crossover: ST VOY

major or minor character death | #additional tags: death

drabble | #additional tags: drabble

filk/song parody | #additional tags: filk

humor | #additional tags: humor

hurt/comfort | #additional tags: hurtcomfort

illustrated | #additional tags: illustrated

kira-nerys (author) | #authorkiranerys (to disambiguate from the character)

mirror universe | #additional tags: mirror universe

missing chapters or parts of the series | #additional tags: missing parts [If you happen to know where the rest of any of these fics or these series are, please let us know!]

#no known warnings

no summary provided by author or reader | #additional tags: no summary [mostly an internal organizational tag. adding summaries to fics in this tag is on our to do list]

parody | #additional tags: parody

poetry | #additional tags: poetry

postcanon | #postcanon

precanon | #precanon

pregnancy (includes mpreg) | #additional tags: pregnancy

PWP (porn without plot) | #additional tags: pwp

real person fiction (RPF) | #additional tags: rpf

round robin | #additional tags: round robin

time travel | #additional tags: time travel

unfinished/incomplete/WIP | #additional tags: incomplete [Some of these were never finished but others may just have been incompletely archived on the sites that we know about. If you know where the rest of any of these fics are, please let us know!]

Notes on tagging philosophy

Content warnings listed in posts on this blog are primarily based on the author's own notes and fic summaries and other original metadata that we could find. Please tread carefully and assume that ALL fics are tagged incompletely. There were not the same tagging requirements or norms on these archives as there are on ao3.

Some tags have been added by us on top of what the author or original archive reported themselves. We wanted to strike a balance between giving enough information about a fic that readers could decide whether a fic interested them without making our own subjective judgments of fic content. We also didn't always have time to read every word of every fic. As such, our tagging focuses were: character and ship tags; setting (e.g., mirrorverse, AU, pre-/post-canon) and format (e.g. poetry, drabble, filk/song parody), as these were easy to tell at a glance; and content warnings for things that would require a major archive warning on ao3 (not all fics were checked thoroughly, and these are sometimes subjective, so please still assume inconsistency in our tagging). The more subjective sorts of tags or notes, such as those indicating genre (e.g. angst, humor, hurt/comfort), were not added unless the author specified them.

Also, sometimes even author-specified tags were listed under "reader-provided tags" if they were not warnings related to the rating (types of author-provided tags that might show up in reader-provided tags include tags about genre, format, subject matter, related episode title, and the name of the original zine publication or fandom challenge it was written for).

#tag lists #osfds9 organizational post

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compneuropapers · 5 months

Text

Interesting Papers for Week 49, 2023

Three-year-old children’s reasoning about possibilities. Alderete, S., & Xu, F. (2023). Cognition, 237, 105472.

Humans parsimoniously represent auditory sequences by pruning and completing the underlying network structure. Benjamin, L., Fló, A., Al Roumi, F., & Dehaene-Lambertz, G. (2023). eLife, 12, e86430.

Biased perception of distributions: Anchoring, interpolation and smoothing as potential causes. Deutsch, R., Ebert, J., Barth, M., & Roth, J. (2023). Cognition, 237, 105448.

Gain, not concomitant changes in spatial receptive field properties, improves task performance in a neural network attention model. Fox, K. J., Birman, D., & Gardner, J. L. (2023). eLife, 12, e78392.

Augmenting hippocampal–prefrontal neuronal synchrony during sleep enhances memory consolidation in humans. Geva-Sagiv, M., Mankin, E. A., Eliashiv, D., Epstein, S., Cherry, N., Kalender, G., … Fried, I. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(6), 1100–1110.

Prior Movement of One Arm Facilitates Motor Adaptation in the Other. Gippert, M., Leupold, S., Heed, T., Howard, I. S., Villringer, A., Nikulin, V. V, & Sehm, B. (2023). Journal of Neuroscience, 43(23), 4341–4351.

Intentional binding: Merely a procedural confound? Gutzeit, J., Weller, L., Kürten, J., & Huestegge, L. (2023). Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance, 49(6), 759–773.

The human brain reactivates context-specific past information at event boundaries of naturalistic experiences. Hahamy, A., Dubossarsky, H., & Behrens, T. E. J. (2023). Nature Neuroscience, 26(6), 1080–1089.

Strategy inference during learning via cognitive activity-based credit assignment models. James, A., Reynaud-Bouret, P., Mezzadri, G., Sargolini, F., Bethus, I., & Muzy, A. (2023). Scientific Reports, 13, 9408.

The locus coeruleus broadcasts prediction errors across the cortex to promote sensorimotor plasticity. Jordan, R., & Keller, G. B. (2023). eLife, 12, e85111.3.

Examining the engram encoding specificity hypothesis in mice. Jung, J. H., Wang, Y., Mocle, A. J., Zhang, T., Köhler, S., Frankland, P. W., & Josselyn, S. A. (2023). Neuron, 111(11), 1830-1845.e5.

Are single-peaked tuning curves tuned for speed rather than accuracy? Lenninger, M., Skoglund, M., Herman, P. A., & Kumar, A. (2023). eLife, 12, e84531.

Making memories last using the peripheral effect of direct current stimulation. Luckey, A. M., McLeod, L. S., Huang, Y., Mohan, A., & Vanneste, S. (2023). eLife, 12, e75586.

Distorted neurocomputation by a small number of extra-large spines in psychiatric disorders. Obi-Nagata, K., Suzuki, N., Miyake, R., MacDonald, M. L., Fish, K. N., Ozawa, K., … Hayashi-Takagi, A. (2023). Science Advances, 9(23).

Neural dynamics underlying self-control in the primate subthalamic nucleus. Pasquereau, B., & Turner, R. S. (2023). eLife, 12, e83971.

Response outcome gates the effect of spontaneous cortical state fluctuations on perceptual decisions. Reato, D., Steinfeld, R., Tacão-Monteiro, A., & Renart, A. (2023). eLife, 12, e81774.

Circadian desynchronization disrupts physiological rhythms of prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in mice. Roberts, B. L., & Karatsoreos, I. N. (2023). Scientific Reports, 13, 9181.

The spatio-temporal architecture of everyday manual behavior. Sili, D., De Giorgi, C., Pizzuti, A., Spezialetti, M., de Pasquale, F., & Betti, V. (2023). Scientific Reports, 13, 9451.

Effects of theta burst stimulation on the coherence of local field potential during working memory task in rats. Wang, T., Guo, M., Wang, N., Zhai, H., Wang, Z., & Xu, G. (2023). Brain Research, 1813, 148408.

Posterior Parietal Cortex Plays a Causal Role in Abstract Memory-Based Visual Categorical Decisions. Zhou, Y., Zhu, O., & Freedman, D. J. (2023). Journal of Neuroscience, 43(23), 4315–4328.

#neuroscience #science #research #brain science #scientific publications #cognitive science #neurobiology #cognition #psychophysics #computational neuroscience #neural computation #neural networks #neurons

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gwendolynlerman · 1 year

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Languages of the world

Unserdeutsch (Falshe Deutsch/Kaputene Deutsch)

Basic facts

Number of native speakers: 110

Spoken in: Australia, Papua New Guinea

Script: Latin, 24 letters

Grammatical cases: 0

Linguistic typology: analytic, SVO

Language family: Indo-European, Classical Indo-European, Germanic, Northwest Germanic, West Germanic, High German, Upper German, Middle-Modern High German, Modern High German, Upper Franconian, Global German

Number of dialects: ?

History

Unserdeutsch is a German-based creole that originated in Papua New Guinea, which was ruled by the German Empire from 1884 to 1914, as a lingua franca. Its substrate is Tok Pisin and the majority of the lexicon comes from German.

1897 - foundation of a ‘sanctuary’ for mixed-race children who spoke Tok Pisin, where they were taught Standard German

1950s-1960s - golden age of the language, which counted 400-500 speakers at the time

1970s - Unserdeutsch is discovered by chance

1975 - Papua New Guinea gains independence, after which the linguistic community moves to Australia

Writing system and pronunciation

These are the letters that make up the script: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p r s t u v w y z.

Unserdeutsch’s phonemic inventory is more reduced than that of German and closer to that of Tok Pisin, as it only has five vowel phonemes and has simplified German double consonants into one single phoneme.

Grammar

Nouns are not marked for gender, number, or case, but can be pluralized by using the pronominal marker alle. Some frequently-used nouns retain German plural forms and are thus double-marked for plural.

There is a hybrid system of personal pronouns in which only certain persons have retained distinct object forms, unlike in German.

Verbs are conjugated for tense and aspect. However, tense marking is optional. Aspect is shown by preverbal markers. Unusually for a creole language, Unserdeutsch has a copula that is conjugated in the present tense.

Dialects

There are no formal dialectal distinctions, but there is considerable variation between speakers.

#langblr #lingblr #unserdeutsch

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queers-at-the-theatre · 1 year

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Cabaret am D’Haus

von Cornelia

Diese Kritik basiert auf drei Auftritten André Kaczmarczyks, drei Auftritten Lou Strengers und jeweils einem von Rob Pelzer und Inga Krischke. Daher wird mehr auf die Ersteren beiden eingegangen.

Eine Cabaret Inszenierung, die kaum moderner sein könnte. Trotz der Zeitepoche (1929/1930) in der das, von Christopher Isherwoods Büchern inspirierte, Musical spielt wirkt die Düsseldorfer Produktion modern. Viele Elemente der Kostüme erinnern an die BDSM und Fetisch Szene. Sally Bowles im pinken Harnisch und Kit Kat Girls and Boys (‚And everyone in between the genders‘) in glitzernden Latex Shorts.

Das Ensemble an Tänzer*innen und Schauspieler*innen zeigt sich hier wunderschön abwechslungsreich unter der Leitung von Dance Captain Bridget Petzold, die auch selbst, als Texas, mittanzt. Genau so war es, laut Dramaturgin Janine Ortiz, geplant. Verschiedene Alter, Körperformen etc. Denn im Stück werden alle nur als Kit Kats angesprochen, nicht in Boys and Girls unterteilt, wie sonst bei Cabaret üblich. Frau Ortizs Essay im Programmheft und auch das andere Essay von Kevin Clarke (Autor und Kurator) geben viel Aufschluss über die Gedanken, die hinter der Produktion stecken.

Außerdem - Im Gegensatz zum Kit Kat Klub: Fräulein Schneider und ihr späterer Verlobter Herr Schultz. Traditionelle Werte und Kleidung, besonders bei Fräulein Schneider. Dennoch fühlt man mit den beiden, die in so einer queeren Umgebung eine völlig konventionelle, heterosexuelle Beziehung anstreben. Ja, das Alter der beiden liegt über dem durchschnittlichen Heiratsalter von damals und wahrscheinlich auch dem von heute. Trotzdem nimmt man Ihnen diese erste Verliebtheit ab und ist getroffen, als sich Fräulein Schneider dem Druck des steigenden Faschismus beugen muss und die Verlobung löst.

Clifford Bradshaw kommt auf den ersten Blick auch sehr traditionell kostümiert in Berlin um 1929 an. Schnell sehen wir, wie die Stadt ihn verführt. Großartig in der Rolle spielt und singt Belendjwa Peter, ein*e transgender und non-binäre*r Schauspieler*in. aus England, der*die extra Deutsch lernte. Wer könnte also besser Cliffords Geschichte als Zugezogener vermitteln.

Während Bisexualität im Cabaret Film von 1972 noch als Pointe für einen Witz galt, ganz zu Christopher Isherwood Missfallen, wird die Figur des Clifford hier von Anfang an als homosexuell inszeniert. Da vom Text nicht zu sehr abgewichen werden darf, geschieht die Beziehung von Clifford zu einem der Kit Kat Boys namens Bobby (wunderbar verkörpert von Jacob Zacharias Eckstein) komplett ohne Worte zwischen den beiden. Es werden zärtliche Blicke und Gesten getauscht. Aber ein Berlin, das sich zunehmend den Nationalsozialisten unterwerfen muss, treibt auch diese Liebenden auseinander und wandelt die Blicke in Konflikt und Unverständnis.

Dann ist da noch Sally Bowles, die viele sicher als Cliffs große Liebe erwarten würden, wenn man nach bisherigen Interpretationen geht. Doch durch die Entscheidung, dass Clifford keine sexuelle Anziehung für sie verspürt, entsteht doch eine platonische Liebe/Partnerschaft. Clifford würde sich sogar bereit erklären Sallys Kind mit ihm als Vater aufzuziehen. Am Ende ist Sally aber schon zu kaputt für eine heile Familie.

Lou Strenger und Inga Krischke geben hier abwechselnd die Rolle, die schon andere Darstellerinnen weltberühmt machte. Strenger ist Theaterschauspielerin, aber auch gesanglich begabt. Ihre Sally ist widersinnig und geradezu stolz auf ihre Ignoranz gegenüber der prekären politischen Situation. Der Kit Kat Klub würde unpolitisch bleiben. Selbst die Auflösung der Verlobung von Herrn Schultz und Fräulein Schneider, zum Schutz vor Nazi Schlägertrupps tut sie ab. Sie müsste nur mit Fräulein Schneider reden und alles würde sich schon wieder zum Guten wenden.

Strenger wirkt in der Rolle stellenweise kindlich und naiv. Man ist manchmal fast an Ihr Auftreten in der Rolle der 7-jährige Alice in der Inszenierung des Düsseldorfer Schauspielhauses erinnert. Kein Wunder, denn in der Besetzung ähneln sich beide Stücke und beide sind von und mit André Kaczmarczyk inszeniert.

Inga Krischke dagegen legt den Charakter als Musicaldarstellerin an. Sie tourte zuletzt mit dem Queen Musical ‚We Will Rock You‘. Ihre Sally zeigt mehr Scham im Angesicht ihres Unwissens.

Aber letztendlich kann man die Menschen nicht ändern, so sagt es Sally im Stück. Sie wird Berlin nicht verlassen und sie will sich nicht retten lassen. Lieber verschließt sie die Augen vor dem Faschismus. Ihre finale Darbietung des titelgebenden Songs „Cabaret“ wirkt verstörend und anziehend zugleich. Die Kostüme sind nun nicht mehr glamourös abgestimmt, sondern mehr zusammengewürfelt mit einer schwarzen Perücke und einem zu großen schwarzen Sakko für Sally.

Überhaupt trifft bei diesem Cabaret Verstörung auf Faszination. Wir als Publikum sind Gäste im Kit Kat Klub. Am Anfang gut unterhalten von derben Späßen und ausgefallenen Gesangs- und Tanzdarbietungen. Dann nur noch gebannt und stumm zusehend beim Verfall.

Tragend in der Begleitung des Publikums ist die Rolle des Conférenciers. Auch diese ist in Düsseldorf doppelt besetzt. Sie wird vom Regisseur André Kaczmarczyk, aber auch von Rob Pelzer gespielt. Pelzer spielt die gleiche Rolle in der Cabaret Fassung des Dortmunder Theaters. Er setzt auf Komik, vor allem in der Mimik. Sein Conférencier wirkt feixend. So als wenn er immer noch Spaß am ganzen Unglück hätte. Selbst als er von Nazis zusammengeschlagen wurde.

Kaczmarczyk dagegen lässt seine Vertrautheit zum Düsseldorfer Publikum und zur Besetzung durchschimmern. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind ein paar Darstellerinnen aus seiner Alice Inszenierung mit ihm zu Cabaret gewechselt. Ja, auch bei ihm verhöhnt der Conférencier die nach Glück strebenden Figuren und lässt uns mit einem Schulterzucken mit unseren Gedanken zurück, wenn der Vorhang sich schließt. Doch er ist auch Teil des Klubs. Man könnte ihn sogar als die Seele dessen interpretieren.

Bevor allerdings die Nationalsozialisten Überhand gewinnen, bietet Kaczmarczyk in skurrilen Einlagen, wie beim Song “Two Ladies”, ablenkende Unterhaltung. Das Spiel mit den Geschlechterrollen, in der er letztendlich den weiblichen Teil gibt, ist auch hier ein besonderes Markenzeichen. Nein, kein Dreier mit einem lüsternen Pascha, sondern ein Spiel, bei dem alle Beteiligten gerne mitmachen. Inklusive Glitzer Genitalien die einmal umher getauscht werden zwischen den drei Darsteller*innen.

Als sich auch der Kit Kat Klub dem Geschmack der Nationalsozialisten anpassen muss, gibt es ein Vortanzen vor der Figur Ernst Ludwig. Er bekommt zwei Handlanger zur Seite gestellt, gespielt von Valentin Stückl und Yaroslav Ros, und nutzt seine neue Macht im Klub aus.

Ros stellt zuvor, mit seiner schwermütigen Steppnummer, nach der Pause, die Wandlung vom Kit Kat Boy Olga zum jonglierenden Pausenclown, zur Nazi Marionette dar. Wie ein Hund sein Herrchen bettelt seine Figur um den langen Mantel mit Parteiabzeichen, der in diesem Klima in Berlin Sicherheit bietet. Zum Schluss salutieren alle, wie gute Soldaten.

Gerade in der Vortanz-Szene zeigt sich, mit welcher Vielschichtigkeit die Düsseldorf Produktion die Rolle des Conférenciers anlegt. Er ist nicht ausschließlich böser Geist, der schadenfroh zusieht wie alle ins Verderben rennen. Er versucht mit seinen Tänzer*innen gute Miene zum bösen Spiel zu machen. Es wird Walzer getanzt in blauen Stiefeln mit Pfennigabsatz und auch in der Reihe. Doch seit dem Umschwung funktionieren die Schritte nicht mehr so wie sie wollen. Abweichungen von der Norm, wie der schillernde Conférencier, sind nicht mehr gern gesehen. Als auch ihm der Kragen gegenüber Herrn Ludwig platzt, wird er von den Handlangern zusammengeschlagen. Die Kunst leidet mit als erstes unter dem faschistischen Regime.

Mit Hinweisen auf aktuelle politische Geschehnisse durch clevere Kostümwahl erinnert uns Cabaret aber auch an die Gegenwart und stellt die Frage, ob man selbst diese schleichende Wendung aufhalten würde oder gar mitbekommen, oder sich lieber in Ausreden und falschen Optimismus flüchtet wie Sally und Herr Schultz. Fräulein Schneider dagegen zeigt den Pragmatismus. Sie gibt Ihre Liebe auf für Ihr Geschäft.

Es ist beeindruckend, wie sich teils sympathische Charaktere, im Laufe des Stücks, wandeln. Fräulein Kost, hier verkörpert von der brillanten Claudia Hübbecker, ist eine leichte Dame, die ihren Spaß daran hat, der Vermieterin Fräulein Schneider ihren Herrenbesuch weg zu erklären. Doch plötzlich stimmt gerade Sie den nationalistischen Gesang an, um Ernst Ludwig zum Bleiben zu bewegen. Dieser entwickelt sich, gespielt vom neuen Ensemble Mitglied Raphael Gehrmann, von Cliffs zwielichtigen aber im Grunde genommenen spaßigem Freund, zu einem Nazi, der Fräulein Schneider von der Hochzeit zu einem Juden abrät und der predigt, dass diese Abneigung nur Deutsche verstehen könnten. Der Conférencier singt „I don’t care“ aber wirkt doch körperlich und seelisch stumm geprügelt.

Die Lieder wurden hier teils übersetzt und teilweise im englischen Original belassen. Das wirkt alles passend und den englischsprachigen Charakteren werden meist englische Songs zugeordnet und den deutschsprachigen die übersetzten. Insgesamt muss sich die Inszenierung nicht vor regulären Musical Produktionen verstecken. Die Band, die die ganze Zeit auf der Bühne spielt und teils sogar mitspielt ist fabelhaft und gesanglich sind alle Darsteller*innen so auf der Höhe wie es Ihre Charaktere verlangen. Man merkt hier deutlich, dass Gesangs- und Tanzunterricht ernst genommen wurde, von fachfremden Darsteller*innen, die sich nahtlos neben den Profis einfügen.

Während im ersten Teil des Stücks noch kleine Tanzeinlagen das Geschehen unterbrechen und begleiten, ist die Stimmung im zweiten Teil bedrückend. Wer schweigt, räumt für die Nazis das Feld. Clifford kann fliehen, die deutsche Charaktere hingegen bleiben gefangen. So ein Stück in Deutschland aufzuführen sendet eine klare Nachricht, besonders im heutigen politischen Klima.

#cabaret #d'haus #lou strenger #andré kaczmarczyk #rob pelzer #inga kirschke #düsseldorf #düsseldorfer schauspielhaus #emcee #christopher isherwood #conférencier #queer literature #musical #musical theatre

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farieshades · 1 year

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:) :) :) :) :) :) :)

What parts (if any) would you change about Harry Potter?

I had the initial thought of “Scrape it all and start anew” but as I was writing that I was deeply reminded that the books, while deeply problematic in multiple ways, were a core part of a lot of people’s lives.

So, what would I change? I can think of 5 main things off the top of my head.

Slavery

And by that I mean, of course, the entire race being enslaved by Wix that only Hermione seems to find problematic. Like, there is absolutely no need for this. The Weasley house doesn’t have any House elves and yet there is enchantments on items to do the work for them, and in the Fantastic Beasts series we see a meal being made by a flick of a wand. So what’s to stop them from going ‘all these things can be done by magic’ not a slave race that ‘enjoy’ their status as slaves to wix.

Now, Nothingeverlost on tiktok does a video to a comment on how “She took brownies and tisted them into an enslaved society that people could abuse and belittle” and their video spoke about how Brownies/Brooni/eBrùnaidh/Gruagach worked on their free will and would be paid in a way for their service through milk or bread or cream, but these weren’t elves, they were household spirits.

[Illustration of a brownie sweeping with a handmade broom by Alice B. Woodward from Wikipedia]

So, what part would I change? Just the entire removal of this. It serves nothing in the lens of household chores and cooking. The only actions that it seemed to serve was when Regulus ordered Kreature to get out of the cave to destroy the locket. This could reliably have been done without the aspect of slavery put into place and most of the House Elf characters could have easily been replaced with just plain workers and staff.

2. Jewish representation.

I’m realising this is the second post im mentioning both House Elves and Goblins, but thats just a neat fact to myself.

Goblins, as throughout history, have been portrayed with antisemitism stereotypes and carictures [https://www.ushmm.org/collections/the-museums-collections/collections-highlights/500-years-of-antisemitic-propaganda-the-katz-ehrenthal-collection] , which isn’t a Harry Potter series issue, but a historical one in general that, apparently, a few articles have mentioned earlier in 2022. But nevertheless, there is still the portrayal of the Goblins with hateful anti-semetic tropes running the underground bank for Wix, while being called untrustworthy, greedy, and generally not positive.

Indeed, our first look in the books is in Philosopher’s Stone, when Hagrid, who raises monsters as a passion, warns Harry about goblins before he enters Gringotts with "They're goblins, Harry. Clever as they come, goblins, but not the most friendly of beasts." Despite the fact that Goblins are not "beasts," but rather a fully sentient, intelligent race much like humans.

I am of Jewish descent from my parents, thought I've only started reclaiming my faith through readings and research due to displacement from WW2, so i'm not quite 'qualified' to speak on matters like this in my opinion, but I wanted to mention it anyway, as it has distinctly been identified by others in the past. The images from Nazis look also strickingly like the Goblins we also see in the show, such as "Der Ewige Jude" and other such pictures and works.

[Der Ewige Jude - Ein Dokumentarfilm Uber Das Weltjudentum - Gertaltung: Firtz Hippler - Musik: Franz R Friedl - Herstellung u. Vertrieb: Deutsche Filmherstellungs u Verwertungs || The Eternal Jew - A documentary about World Jewry [The term Weltjudentum is derogatory for a global network of influential Jews that supposedly rules the world or aims at that] - Directed by Fritz Hippler - Music by Franz R. Friedl - Production and distribution: German film production and processing]

Now, in folklore, goblins are often depicted as cruel creatures, untrustworthy and likely to take any item they could get their hands on, not bankers that want to be in control of an economy with paper pushers and cartriders and dragon tamers in their heirarchical employ. This doesn't help with the lessons Hogwarts teaches in the droll class that Professor Binns teaches on that there are centuries of goblin oppression, segregation, mistrust, bad relations, exclusions, and revolts.

[Illustration of hooked nosed, hunched backed, dark haired with beard Jew with hands clasped together with a sense of greed or untrustworthy/connvining expression]

Of course, there is antisemetism through the works unrelated to the Goblins as well

The only canonically known Jewish character is Anthony Goldstein, and possibly the other Goldstein family members, which when it was announced did feel like a random name she remembered being said but then, Anthony is a Ravenclaw and we don’t see much of them outside of Cho and Luna.

Now, Frankie_Rose19 on Reddit mentions Severus Snape "being hook nosed, pale, dark hair and eyes and very academically minded and ambitious when he was younger is Jewish coded", they also reference Hermione in that. Now, Snape has a lot of symbolism that has been used to depict villains, and unfortunately, alot of that is based in antisemetic roots, but then Wix religion isn't quite talked about. Which makes sense in a heavily Christianized Europe under the KJV belief of "Thou shalt not suffer a Witch to live". Now on Snape, I think @prismatic-bell has a post for the topic there.

So, what part would I change? Do we need to have Goblins running a bank, because I don’t think so. I like that there is mythical, sentient creatures, but the steeped antisemitism in their depiction within the race is unnecessary. The existence of Goblins could still be around the HP universe, but why are the Wix trusting a race known for untrustworthyness to protect their money when there have been revolts in the past. According to History taught by Binns, its that there is a law that prevents Wix from opening their own bank, but in what world [well, obviously this one] did Goblins want to serve Wix when Wix treat them as an inferior race.

And on the other religious representation, there could have been more characters than an offhanded comment by the creator. Rather, there could be plenty of references to diverse backgrounds, even in simple comments like offering a dish at the dining table to have someone refuse it or a piece of jewlery that is noted on.

3. Just to say fuck you, Trans!Hermione, because I too am a bookish fiend who will info dump onto unsuspecting friends, and I too am most assuredly not cis. And, like the above statement, the potential of Jewish-coded Hermione.

4. Wix Gay Marriage Rights.

No idea if there’s any comment on this in the books, but I want there to be. Even just an offhand couple doing random shopping things. Or two classmates getting together and it being told about through Lavender (who doesn’t change from a POC to a white girl when she becomes a love interest thanks).

5. The Dursleys.

There is alot wrong here.

In the first chapter of Philosopher Stone, young Harry is sent to live with his non-magical Aunt and Uncle proceeding the murder of his parents. While standing on the end of the street and conversing with Professor McGonagall, Dumbledore says, “It’s the best place for him— His aunt and uncle will be able to explain everything to him when he’s older. I’ve written them a letter.” The Dursley’s were incredibly neglectful towards Harry. Harry often went days without meals and spent weeks locked inside the cupboard under the stairs. Later in Half-Blood Prince we also get the wonderful quote of “You have never treated Harry as a son. He has known nothing but neglect and often cruelty at your hands. The best that can be said is that he has at least escaped the appalling damage you have inflicted upon the unfortunate boy sitting between you.”

In fact, there are many times (at least once a year according to Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone) when the Dursley family went on holiday and they left Harry behind with Ms Figg. In 1995, she admitts that while she didn’t enjoy it, she intentionally kept Harry bored and miserable, as she thought that the Dursleys would remove him from her care if they thought he enjoyed it.

So, what part would I change? I’d choose to show the audience that the depictions of abuse are horrifying. That the adults, Vernon and Petunia, should have been punished. I’ve no idea what the Child Protective Services looked like in 1980-1998 but surely something could have been done. If not by the muggles, then by Ms Figg who was in contact with Dumbledore, and I don’t care how important the blood wards were, that's no excuse to leave a child in an abusive home environment. I’d also try to give positive muggle influences in the series outside of vague references to Hermione’s parents.

#Goblins #house elves #harry potter #dursleys #Trans!Hermione #antisemetism tw

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