#TWI

[kemetic-dreams]

Afro-Jamaicans are Jamaicans of predominant African descent. They represent the largest ethnic group in the country.

The ethnogenesis of the African Jamaican people stemmed from the Atlantic slave trade of the 16th century, when enslaved Africans were transported as slaves to Jamaica and other parts of the Americas. During the period of British rule, slaves brought into Jamaica were primarily Akan, some of whom ran away and joined with Maroons and even took over as leaders

West Africans were enslaved in wars with other West African states and kidnapped by either African or European slavers. The most common means of enslaving an African was through abduction.

Based on slave ship records, enslaved Africans mostly came from the Akan people (notably those of the Asante Kotoko alliance of the 1720's: Asante, Bono, Wassa, Nzema and Ahanta) followed by Kongo people, Fon people, Ewe people, and to a lesser degree: Yoruba, Ibibio people and Igbo people. Akan (then called Coromantee) culture was the dominant African culture in Jamaica.

Originally in earlier British colonization, the island before the 1750s was in fact mainly Akan imported. However, between 1663 and 1700, only six per cent of slave ships to Jamaica listed their origin as the Gold Coast, while between 1700 and 1720 that figure went up to 27 per cent. The number of Akan slaves arriving in Jamaica from Kormantin ports only increased in the early 18th century. But due to frequent rebellions from the then known "Coromantee" that often joined the slave rebellion group known as the Jamaican Maroons, other groups were sent to Jamaica. The Akan population was still maintained, since they were the preference of British planters in Jamaica because they were "better workers", according to these planters. According to the Slave Voyages Archives, though the Igbo had the highest importation numbers, they were only imported to Montego Bay and St. Ann's Bay ports, while the Akan (mainly Gold Coast) were more dispersed across the island and were a majority imported to seven of 14 of the island's ports (each parish has one port).

Myal and Revival

Kumfu (from the word Akom the name of the Akan spiritual system) was documented as Myal and originally only found in books, while the term Kumfu is still used by Jamaican Maroons. The priest of Kumfu was called a Kumfu-man. In 18th-century Jamaica, only Akan gods were worshipped by Akan as well as by other enslaved Africans. The Akan god of creation, Nyankopong was given praise but not worshipped directly. They poured libation to Asase Ya, the goddess of the earth. But nowadays they are only observed by the Maroons who preserved a lot of the culture of 1700s Jamaica.

"Myal" or Kumfu evolved into Revival, a syncretic Christian sect. Kumfu followers gravitated to the American Revival of 1800 Seventh Day Adventist movement because it observed Saturday as god's day of rest. This was a shared aboriginal belief of the Akan people as this too was the day that the Akan god, Nyame, rested after creating the earth. Jamaicans that were aware of their Ashanti past while wanting to keep hidden, mixed their Kumfu spirituality with the American Adventists to create Jamaican Revival in 1860. Revival has two sects: 60 order (or Zion Revival, the order of the heavens) and 61 order (or Pocomania, the order of the earth). 60 order worships God and spirits of air or the heavens on a Saturday and considers itself to be the more "clean" sect. 61 order more deals with spirits of the earth. This division of Kumfu clearly shows the dichotomy of Nyame and Asase Yaa's relationship, Nyame representing air and has his 60 order'; Asase Yaa having her 61 order of the earth. Also the Ashanti funerary/war colours: red and black have the same meaning in Revival of vengeance. Other Ashanti elements include the use of swords and rings as means to guard the spirit from spiritual attack. The Asantehene, like the Mother Woman of Revival, has special two swords used to protect himself from witchcraft called an Akrafena or soul sword and a Bosomfena or spirit sword

Jamaican Patois, known locally as Patwa, is an English creole language spoken primarily in Jamaica and the Jamaican diaspora. It is not to be confused with Jamaican English nor with the Rastafarian use of English. The language developed in the 17th century, when enslaved peoples from West and Central Africa blended their dialect and terms with the learned vernacular and dialectal forms of English spoken: British Englishes (including significant exposure to Scottish English) and Hiberno English. Jamaican Patwa is a post-creole speech continuum (a linguistic continuum) meaning that the variety of the language closest to the lexifier language (the acrolect) cannot be distinguished systematically from intermediate varieties (collectively referred to as the mesolect) nor even from the most divergent rural varieties (collectively referred to as the basilect). Jamaicans themselves usually refer to their use of English as patwa, a term without a precise linguistic definition.

Jamaican Patois contains many loanwords of African origin, a majority of those etymologically from Gold Coast region (particularly of the Asante-Twi dialect of the Akan language of Ghana).

Most Jamaican proverbs are of Asante people, while some included other African proverbs

Jamaican mtDNA

A DNA test study submitted to BMC Medicine in 2012 states that "....despite the historical evidence that an overwhelming majority of slaves were sent from the Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa near the end of the British slave trade, the mtDNA haplogroup profile of modern Jamaicans show a greater affinity with groups found in the present-day Gold Coast region Ghana....this is because Africans arriving from the Gold Coast may have thus found the acclimatization and acculturation process less stressful because of cultural and linguistic commonalities, leading ultimately to a greater chance of survivorship and a greater number of progeny."

More detailed results stated: "Using haplogroup distributions to calculate parental population contribution, the largest admixture coefficient was associated with the Gold Coast(0.477 ± 0.12 or 59.7% of the Jamaican population with a 2.7 chance of Pygmy and Sahelian mixture), suggesting that the people from this region may have been consistently prolific throughout the slave era on Jamaica. The diminutive admixture coefficients associated with the Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa (0.064 ± 0.05 and 0.089 ± 0.05, respectively) is striking considering the massive influx of individuals from these areas in the waning years of the British Slave trade. When excluding the pygmy groups, the contribution from the Bight of Biafra and West-central rise to their highest levels (0.095 ± 0.08 and 0.109 ± 0.06, respectively), though still far from a major contribution. When admixture coefficients were calculated by assessing shared haplotypes, the Gold Coast also had the largest contribution, though much less striking at 0.196, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.189 to 0.203. When haplotypes are allowed to differ by one base pair, the Jamaican matriline shows the greatest affinity with the Bight of Benin, though both Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa remain underrepresented. The results of the admixture analysis suggest the mtDNA haplogroup profile distribution of Jamaica more closely resembles that of aggregated populations from the modern-day Gold Coast region despite an increasing influx of individuals from both the Bight of Biafra and West-central Africa during the final years of trading enslaved Africans.

The aforementioned results apply to subjects whom have been tested. Results also stated that African Jamaicans (that make up more than 90% of the population) on an average have 97.5% of African MtDNA and very little European or Asian ancestry could be found. Both ethnic and racial genetic results are based on a low sample of 390 Jamaican persons and limited regional representation within Jamaica. As Afro-Jamaicans are not genetically homogeneous, the results for other subjects may yield different results.

#african #afrakan #kemetic dreams #africans #brownskin #brown skin #afrakans #african culture #afrakan spirituality #asante #jamaican #benin #bight of biafra #gold coast #mtdna #afro jamaicans #twi #west africa #africa #algeria #uganda #ethiopia #ghana #myal #rastafari #rasta #rastaman #rasta love #kisumi amau #tegan and sara

[meme-xx]

NO WAR

Moon and Mercury (Jan. 10, 2024)

#moon #mercury #dawn #twi

[mistymonster]

this one goes out to 10 year old me and their trans awakening

#twi #twilight princess

[skylessnights]

THE TWILIGHT SAGA: REBORN (dir. Catherine Hardwicke)

Many years after their confrontation with the Volturi, Bella and Edward have become extremely overprotective when it comes to their daughter, Renesmee, who is half human and half vampire. But their indecisive parenting has only pushed them farther away from each other and in doing so isolated Renesmee from both worlds that she wishes to be a part of.

Out of fear of, Edward takes his family to different states; only staying for more than five years in order to avoid suspicion from the locals. But when Renesmee’s untamed thirst for blood and wild instincts causes an incident at her newest school she is forced to return to her parents’ small town of Forks in order to ensure her safety. 

Amid the tumult, Renesmee seeks absolution and freedom, but her journey of self reflection sends her to La Push where the Quileute shape-shifters dwell. As she spends more time with the pack she is dragged into a power play between brothers and a hierarchical shift that could end the treaty between vampires and werewolves. 

⤷ I also made a Netflix edit based on this idea, feel free to check it out here

#decided to make a gifset based on my Twilight AU #i hope you all like it :)) #twilight #the twilight saga #renesmee cullen #seth clearwater #bella swan #edward cullen #mackenzie foy #booboo stewart #catherine hardwicke #vampires #werewolves #twi #twilightedit #filmedit #filmgifs #moviegifs #tw: unreality #twilight saga #new moon #breaking dawn

[prkjihyos]

NAYEON ♡ HARE HARE 10th Japanesse single

#nayeon #twi #femaleidolsedit #femaleidol #femadolsedit #ultkpopnetwork #kgoddesses #ggnet #useranusia #usersanayeon #annablr #danablr #usershri #usershreyu #usersumin #userrsun #tusercat #tuserhales #userhales #userhallie #flashing tw #mine

[kendraw]

I think about this sort of thing a normal amount- absolutely

#gt art #giant/tiny #kendraws #artistis on tumblr #kenny #viren #Twi #Ray #Dulcet

[deathkoala]

I love when things take advantage of unique features of their medium!

#gif #the wandering inn #twi #web fiction

[reliaofdreams]

[General] Erin Solstice of the United Nations Company of Baleros

Lineart by Yura, Colours by Relia

#the wandering inn #twi #wandering inn #art #digital art #fantasy

[ryusbeans]

Two armies face each other. One side, looking to win. The other, not to lose. One figure steps out of the ranks. Boots crunching on dry grass as they take bold steps toward the horde. In their hands, a strange wooden object. Long handle garbed in string and steel. A hollow head resting against their hip. Held up by a leather strap running over their shoulder. The figure pulls a small token of bone from a loop around their neck. Absentmindedly running it over the strings stretched taught along the length of the object.

Those with keen ears hear the whispers of a voice, one used to song and screams.

"[Directional Sound] [Amplify Sound] [Burning Cords] [Blazing Melody] [A Chorus Of One] [Commanding Presence] [Song of Bravery] [Song of Flames]

[Through The Fire And The Flames]"

#the wandering inn #twi #guitar #fiction #fanfic #fantasy #skills #ive had this in my head for ages #there is another version with some different skills if you like #guitar fire laser

[brackgiraffe]

SilverSwords

#TWI #the wandering inn

[eddathegreat]

Bird is yet another neurodivergent blorbo of mine, and he's kind of fascinating to talk about.

He is gifted in some very select ways that make him appealing to the people around him because of how useful he is, but he is more than what he offers other people. He has a unique perspective, alternating between wise and almost childlike, but he is not just some wholesome cinammon roll, and he has to go through arcs of maturing and taking more responsibility. He causes problems, due to just not understanding things at times, but he is heartbroken when he realizes his mistakes and resolves to do better. Sometimes he causes problems on purpose, but that is usually in service of improving the lives of people around him. He has unusual needs and desires, but this is always treated as something that should be met with compassion, and attempts to discard him or to exploit his abilities are depicted as callous and cruel.

He is this fascinating coalescence of how people like to perceive autistic people but with added layers every step of the way, combining to create such a great multifaceted character.

He doesn't fit in, but this consistently serves to make him more relatable, especially when he's such a great complement to the source of chaos that is Erin Solstice.

#twi #the wandering inn #autism acceptance month #bird #bird the hunter #spicy autism #neurodivergence

[miss-morgans-lover]

Twilight Characters as things my Family/Friends said (Part 10)

"No one thinks you're funny Edward, they just think your a pain in the arse" -Rosalie

#rosalie hale #edward cullen #rose and edwards sibling dynamic #twilight saga #the twilight saga #twilight #twilight renaissance #twilight renessaince #twi

[cloppersleet]

Twi was so in her unicorn era

#mlp #my little pony #twilight sparkle #twi #mlp art #mlp fanart #unicorn #digital art

[mistymonster]

midlink based on “the kiss” by gustav klimt

#midlink #twilight princess #loz #the legend of zelda #zelda #midna #twi #this feels unfinished but it was good practice #i have done this exact thing before i can just do it better now

[celebduwen]

TWI volume 10 spoilers ahead (minor, non-main story/side chapter, not major plot point or anything at all)

Ok so it was a couple chapters ago now, but can I just mention how well the Hedault thing was tackled (at least in my opinion)

He practically comes out as aroace, or well, at least aro and like ahxownfowbfowb

He says that his lack of romance and that pesky sexual attraction doesn’t take anything from his life, but enriches it, lets him truly focus on what he burns for.

Pirateaba did this scene wonderfully. Especially when another conclusion some people would have made, him being gay, is explicitly denied. They literally say (I don’t remember whom) “it’s okay to like men” (not verbatim) and he says that it’s not it.

This is the kind of representation that we (at least I) want, it says what it is, doesn’t feel the need to use terminology, which frankly wouldn’t exist for an identity that even our world, lesser and younger it may be, only was thought of to exist quite recently in the grand scheme of things.

It denies the “oh, not straight, let’s ship them gay then”

It says “putting this character in a relationship is the same as putting a canonically solely gay character in a straight relationship” in my mind. Even though that might not be the actual meaning of it I want to feel that way, for however much it may be worth.

A lot of our rep, (the stuff that is explicitly stated or implied and everything and whatever) is often just glanced over and people say “oh yeah, they’re gay now.” Yes you’re entitled to your ships, yes ships often just explore character dynamics (perhaps), but when you have so little, even in queer media, you start grasping at the little straws, even as they’re taken out of your hands by your bigger more well known and accomplished sibling.

#twi #the wandering inn #aroace #ace #aro #rant #shipping? #ace representation #ace rep #aro rep #aromantic representation #asexual #whatever other tags would fit here. I’m bad at these. #text post #i love this series so much #I like my parentheses too much. I would really like a way to make it feel like reading the side notes at the same time as the actual text #like the Baertimeus series or something. 72 that series is fun to read on a kindle/reading tablet (the footnotes are amazing) #oh maybe #literature #would fit here #and also #web serial #web series

[thewanderinginn]

10.06

There is a box. A hidden box; one of the hardest places in the world to enter, let alone spy into. Kingdoms could break their magic on the protections surrounding the box long before they reached it.

The box is a room, a tiny space barely a foot across. It is hardly empty, but all of the interesting things surround the box. For instance, inside of it, the walls are layered; one is a lacquered layer of laminate woods. The most interior wall, and thus, the visible one is Chemath marble, one of the most powerful materials for holding magic. But it simply looks like drab stone; therefore, pillows and blankets and more amenities have been added to the room.

The box has multiple layers to each wall. Magicore, for instance, runs between two layers, creating an insulating barrier to magic. Another is a literal void to do the same for temperature and air.

The box is a room. It sits, not in the heart of the city, but high above it, near the top. For the city is a tree, and when the tree was first planted, they made it.

Or rather, they made a room, the most secure, magically isolated place they could find, that could survive a Tier 7 spell, perhaps even Tier 8—just to hold another box inside of it. That was how much they thought the other box, The Last Box—mattered.

Read More...

#the wandering inn #fantasy #web novel #litrpg #web serial #fantasy books #wandering inn #twi