Tumgik
#Small rotary encoder
stevebattle · 2 years
Text
Tumblr media Tumblr media
DROP V2 by Aaron Parness (2016), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA. Is that a mystery online purchase in your yard, or a secret spy-bot? Micro-climbers are small wheeled vehicles able to scale walls and survive drops up to 3 metres. The DROP micro-climbers use LEMUR's fishhook grippers to cling onto rough surfaces, including vertical walls. DROP V2 includes rotary encoders on the wheels with closed-loop control of wheel velocity, making it easier to control. Its slimmer design allows it to hug the wall more tightly, reducing off-the-wall forces, enabling it to climb vertical walls.
29 notes · View notes
Text
Europe SCARA Robot Market - Forecast (2022 - 2027)
The present SCARA robots are equipped with battery power encoders. This type of SCARA robots requires high maintenance cost. To reduce the maintenance cost of the SCARA robots the SCARA robots manufacturing companies are now focusing on the implementation of the T3 technology in SCARA robots the engineer does not have to halt the system to swap the batteries. This T3 technology will also help in reducing the power consumption by 30%.  By implantation of this technology which helps in reducing the maintenance cost is expected to drive the market of the SCARA robots in Europe. The Europe SCARA robot market is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 11.1% during forecast period i.e. 2018-2023. Germany is the fastest growing market with a CAGR of 14.5% which is mainly attributed to the growing demand from automotive industry. Italy and France are huge markets for SCARA Robots and thus have an immense demand for SCARA robots.
Tumblr media
Europe SCARA Robot Market Outlook:
The SCARA stands for Selective Compliance Assembly Robot Arm or Selective Compliance Articulated Robot Arm. These are specially designed for the peg board type assembly and are heavily used in the electronics industry. These robots tend to be fairly small and capable of operating at high speed. They are used for assembly, palletisation and machine loading. Rising automotive production in Europe is driving the market. SCARA robots are used for different applications such as the assembling the vehicle parts of the vehicle, handling and transfer of the large automotive parts in this sector. SCARA Robots reduce the time taken for manufacturing of the vehicle and this is expected to create ample opportunities for SCARA robots. According to IndustryARC findings, 4-Axis SCARA robot will hold the largest market share during the forecast period. It is expected to generate the revenue of $159.4 and anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 12.6% during the forecast period 2018-2023.
The Europe SCARA robot market report comprises of pricing analysis for different types of axis types. The price of 6- Axis SCARA robot is the highest among all the other axis types. 
Request Sample
Europe SCARA Robot Market Growth Drivers:
The current SCARA robots are equipped with many wiring systems, by which the installation of the robot has become tough. The use of the advanced technology sensors in SCARA robots has reduced the cost and time of the installation by 35%. The use of the advanced technology in SCARA robots has also observed an increase in the installation of the robots. The increase in the installation of the robot for different applications is expected to drive the market.
Europe SCARA Robot Market Challenges:
The biggest challenge in the SCARA robot market is the increasing adoption of the articulated robots as the substitute for the SCARA robot. These articulated robots is robotic arm that includes rotary joints to carry out precise movements. However, the increasing adoption of the artificial intelligence in SCARA robots is expected to overcome the challenges faced by the SCARA robot.
Europe SCARA Robot Market Research Scope:
The base year of the study is 2017, with forecast done up to 2023. The study presents a thorough analysis of the competitive landscape, taking into account the market shares of the leading companies. It also provides information on unit shipments. These provide the key market participants with the necessary business intelligence and help them to understand the future of the plastics in electric vehicle market. The assessment includes the forecast, an overview of the competitive structure, the market shares of the competitors, as well as the market trends, market demands, market drivers, market challenges, and product analysis. The market drivers and restraints have been assessed to fathom their impact over the forecast period. This report further identifies the key opportunities for growth while also detailing the key challenges and possible threats. The key areas of focus include the types of Europe SCARA Robot market, and their specific applications.
Inquiry Before Buying
Plastics in Electric Vehicle Market Report: Industry Coverage
Types of SCARA robots: Hardware, Software, Services, Testing, Training, MaintenanceAxis
Types in SCARA robots: 3-Axis SCARA Robot, 4-Axis SCARA Robot, 5-Axis SCARA Robot, 6-Axis SCARA Robot
Applications of SCARA robots: Transportation, Packaging, Assembly, Inspections
End Users of SCARA robots: Electronics, Food and Beverage, Automotive, Pharmaceutical, Rubber and Plastic, Industrial & Manufacturing
The Europe SCARA Robot market report also analyzes the major geographic regions for the market as well as the major countries for the market in these regions. The regions and countries covered in the study include:
Europe: The U.K., Germany, Italy, France, Spain, Rest of Europe
Schedule a Call
Europe SCARA Robot Market Key Players Perspective:
Fanuc and ABB are analyzed to be the dominant players of the Europe SCARA Robot Market in 2017 with a share of 12.30% and 10.80% respectively. The increasing number of acquisitions and the product launches which are performed by both the prominent players are expected to continue the growth of the companies in Europe region.
Some of the other key players mentioned in this report are Kuka AG (Germany), Kawasaki (Japan), Epson Robots (U.S.), Stäubli (Switzerland), Omron Adept (U.S.), Denso Robotics (Germany), Nachi-Fujikoshi (Japan), Comau (Italy) among others.
Buy Now
Europe SCARA Robot Market Trends:
The accessibility of the previously performed task by the SCARA robot has become the challenge to the manufacturers. To address the issue the upcoming SCARA robots are manufactured by adopting internet of things (IOT) technology. The use of this technology in SCARA robots will help in analyzing the previously performed tasks and will also help in increasing the productivity and efficiency.
To reduce the efforts of the installation of the SCARA robots manufactures are now adopting the use of the plug and play technology in SCARA robots. The use of this technology will help in easy installation of the robot and also helps in reducing the installation cost.
Many robots manufactures are now focusing on launching the ceiling mounted SCARA robots. With the launch of the new ceiling mounted SCARA robots the small companies are able to afford these robots and are allowing them to make more efficient use of the confined space. These ceiling mounted SCARA robots are expected to create ample opportunities in Europe.
The upcoming SCARA robots are equipped with the augmented reality and voice command system. The implementation of the new voice command system in SCARA robots which acts according to the instructions given by the individual is expected to create ample opportunities in the SCARA robot market.
For more Food and Beverage Market reports, please click here
5 notes · View notes
roundssencoder · 5 months
Video
Optical Motor Shaft Encoder Optical Rotary Encoder Incremental Optical Sensor Incremental Sensor Optical Motor Shaft Encoder Optical Rotary Encoder Incremental Optical Sensor Incremental Sensor Small Encoders Encoder for DC Motor www.roundssencoder.com [email protected]
0 notes
techtycoons7 · 11 months
Text
Revolutionizing Motion Control: The Power of Optical Encoders
Optical encoders are devices used to convert physical motion into digital signals. They consist of a rotating disc, which has evenly spaced lines or slots etched into it. As the disc rotates, a light source shines on the disc, and a sensor detects the changes in light intensity caused by the lines or slots passing by. These changes in light intensity are then converted into digital signals, which can be used to determine the position, speed, and direction of the rotating disc.
One of the primary benefits of optical encoders is their high accuracy and precision. They can detect even small changes in position or speed, making them ideal for use in a wide range of applications, from robotics to precision manufacturing. Additionally, they are highly reliable, with a long lifespan and minimal maintenance requirements.
Optical encoders come in various forms, including linear and rotary encoders. Linear encoders are used to measure linear motion, such as the movement of a linear stage or conveyor belt, while rotary encoders are used to measure rotational motion, such as the speed and position of a motor shaft. They can also be absolute or incremental, with absolute encoders providing a unique position code for every point in a rotation, and incremental encoders providing a signal that indicates the amount and direction of rotation since the last signal.
Overall, optical encoders are a versatile and essential component in many applications requiring precise position or motion control. Their high accuracy, reliability, and variety of forms make them a popular choice among engineers and manufacturers in a wide range of industries.
Read More: https://thetechnologynews-24.blogspot.com/2023/04/precision-tracking-benefits-of-optical.html
0 notes
clauslion2 · 2 years
Text
How Mouse Scroll Wheel Works
If you are unsure about precisely how the mouse slide wheel works, read this article. Ideas the basic information you need to know how your mouse scroll wheel gets results. In this write-up, we will talk about the mechanism of which controls how it works. You can likewise use the mouse button scroll wheel to regulate your computer's amount. In addition, many of us will explain just how to set your mouse's scroll steering wheel to work throughout a particular application. Then, you can employ it effectively with various programs. The Scroll Wheel is some sort of small mechanism that will performs two capabilities. First, it serves as a press button, and second, it measures how much you've scrolled. It does this by simply interpreting a signal that is sent to your laptop or computer by a device known as rotary encoder. Most mouse have got this device. Others have an optic encoder instead. Irrespective of its design, it's crucial to realize how a mouse button works to maximize its capabilities. To check your mouse's scroll wheel, try that in a different software, like Word. In case the scroll wheel still turn up useful info, attempt swapping USB slots. Sometimes, an HARDWARE hub may cause a new scrolling problem. In case this happens, remove the mouse coming from the USB hub and try connecting it straight to your computer. Then, wait for a driver to update. That should fix your scrolling trouble. Therefore , you no longer have to acquire a new mouse button.
Tumblr media
Another function of the mouse scroll wheel is navigation. Its click can easily be when compared to "Back" and "Forward" switches on your personal computer. Utilizing the mouse browse wheel in your web browser, you may zoom in and even out on the monitor. Additionally, you can use the particular mouse scroll wheel to eliminate bad ads. This hint is also suitable to a lot of other programs, like email clientele and word digesting. Deploying it while holding down the Control Key makes moving up or along a lot easier. Logitech Wireless Keyboard and Mouse Combo Price In addition , the mouse button scroll wheel can easily be used to be able to move tabs. Any time you use the mouse scroll tire to move tab, you can open brand new ones and in close proximity existing ones. Moving this way is much more quickly and more convenient than working the Control key while you aren't scrolling. You can even work with it to maneuver your mouse in any direction, which include left, right, plus down. When your mouse scroll wheel continues to jump inside and out, check your device individuals. It may end up being missing or obsolete. In that case, you'll have got to update all of them. To perform this particular simple task, open the Control Panel and click the Troubleshoot tab. If most else fails, near all your programs and restart your own computer. Otherwise, the mouse might require fix. Once you've set up the latest drivers, you may use it in order to traverse your pc's settings. The the majority of mouse basically along with Windows computers come with a correct and left computer mouse button. These switches are located on either side involving the mouse's slide wheel. You can use either button to scrolling up or lower the page. Most mouse also features a scroll wheel. A select possibly of these keys will move the particular scroll wheel upwards or down. So , you may certainly not be familiar together with the function associated with these buttons. Although, the scroll tire is a really useful gizmo to employ when you wish to scroll pages.
0 notes
cribhoe9 · 2 years
Text
How Mouse Scroll Steering wheel Works
White Wireless Keyboard and Mouse If you will be unsure about how the mouse browse wheel works, go through this article. Ideas the basic data you need to know how your mouse scroll wheel works. In this write-up, we will discuss the mechanism that will controls how it works. You can likewise use the mouse button scroll wheel to control your computer's amount. In addition, all of us will explain exactly how to set the mouse's scroll tire to work throughout a particular application. Then, you'll be able to make use of it effectively with assorted programs. The Browse Wheel is the small mechanism of which performs two functions. First, it acts as a switch, and second, that measures how considerably you've scrolled. It does this simply by interpreting a sign which sent to your laptop or computer by a gadget called a rotary régler. Most mouse have got this device. Other folks have an optic encoder instead. In spite of its design, it's crucial to understand how a mouse button works to take full advantage of its capabilities. To try your mouse's browse wheel, try this within a different plan, such as Word. In case the scroll tyre still doesn't work, try out swapping USB jacks. Sometimes, an USB hub might cause some sort of scrolling problem. In case this happens, remove the mouse through the USB center and try connecting it directly to your computer. Then, wait for a driver to upgrade. That should solve your scrolling trouble. So , you may have to buy a new computer mouse.
Tumblr media
Another function regarding the mouse slide wheel is routing. Its click can easily be compared to the "Back" and "Forward" control keys on your computer system. When using the mouse slide wheel in your web browser, you are able to zoom in and out in your display. Additionally, you may use the particular mouse scroll wheel to eliminate bad ads. This word of advice is also suitable to numerous other applications, like email clients and word digesting. Deploying it while possessing down the Control Key makes rolling up or down a lot easier. In addition , the computer mouse scroll wheel can easily be used to be able to move tabs. If you use the mouse scroll rim to move navigation bars, you can actually open brand new ones and close up existing ones. Rolling in this manner is much faster and even more convenient than working the Control key while if you're scrolling. You can also use it to shift your mouse in any direction, including left, right, in addition to down. If the mouse scroll wheel carries on to jump within and out, check out your device individuals. It may become missing or outdated. If you do, you'll have to update them. To perform this kind of simple task, start the Control -panel and click the Troubleshoot tab. If just about all else fails, close up all your programs and restart your current computer. Otherwise, your mouse might need maintenance. Once you've installed the latest drivers, you may use it in order to travel through your computer's settings. The almost all mouse basically along with Windows computers appear with a right and left mouse button button. These switches are located about either side involving the mouse's browse wheel. You can utilize possibly button to scrolling up or down the page. Most mouse also features a scroll steering wheel. A click on either of these control keys will move the particular scroll wheel upward or down. So , you may not really be familiar with the function of these buttons. Although, the scroll tire is a really useful gizmo to work with when you need to scroll internet pages.
0 notes
pointnickel9 · 2 years
Text
Exactly how Mouse Scroll Tire Works
If you are unsure about how the mouse scroll wheel works, study this article. It will give you the basic info you need to understand how your computer mouse scroll wheel gets results. In this content, we will talk about the mechanism of which controls how functions. You can furthermore use the mouse button scroll wheel to regulate your computer's quantity. In addition, we will explain how to set your mouse's scroll steering wheel to work in a particular app. Then, you can use work with it effectively with assorted programs. The Scroll Wheel is a small mechanism that will performs two capabilities. First, it works as a press button, and second, this measures how much you've scrolled. It does this by simply interpreting a sign that's sent to your pc by a gadget called a rotary encoder. Most mouse include this device. Other people have an optic encoder instead. Regardless of its design, it's crucial to realize how a mouse works to take full advantage of its capabilities. To check your mouse's browse wheel, try that in the different system, such as Word. If the scroll wheel still doesn't work, consider swapping USB plug-ins. Sometimes, an UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS hub may cause the scrolling problem. In the event that this happens, detach the mouse by the USB centre and try linking it straight to your current computer. Then, wait for a driver to up-date. That should solve your scrolling difficulty. Therefore , you don't have to buy a new mouse button. Another function associated with the mouse scroll wheel is routing. Its click can certainly be when compared to "Back" and "Forward" buttons on your computer system. By using the mouse slide wheel in your own web browser, you can zoom in and out on the display. Additionally, you can utilize the particular mouse scroll tire to eliminate annoying ads. This tip is also applicable to several other applications, such as email consumers and word digesting. Utilizing it while possessing down the Ctrl Key makes rolling up or down a lot easier. Additionally , the mouse button scroll wheel can certainly be used to be able to move tabs. Whenever you use typically the mouse scroll tire to move dividers, you'll be able to open new ones and close up existing ones. Rolling this way is much more quickly and much more convenient than working the Ctrl key while you're scrolling. You can also make use of it to move your mouse inside any direction, which includes left, right, plus down. If your mouse scroll wheel carries on to jump within and out, check your device drivers. It may end up being missing or obsolete. If you do, you'll include to update all of them. To perform this particular simple task, start the Control Section and click on the Troubleshoot tab. If just about all else fails, shut all your plans and restart your current computer. Otherwise, your mouse may need fix. Once you've mounted the latest motorist, you can utilize it to traverse your pc's settings.
Tumblr media
Best Gaming Mouse Under 1000 The almost all mouse that work with Windows computers arrive with a proper and left mouse button button. These switches are located on either side regarding the mouse's browse wheel. You can use either button to browse up or lower the page. Virtually all mouse also offers a scroll wheel. A select possibly of these control keys will move the particular scroll wheel upwards or down. Therefore , you may not necessarily be familiar with the function of these buttons. Yet, the scroll tyre is a quite useful gizmo to use when you need to scroll webpages.
0 notes
leeksummer4 · 2 years
Text
Just how Mouse Scroll Tyre Works
If you are unsure about exactly how the mouse scroll wheel works, examine this article. Ideas the basic information you need to comprehend how your mouse button scroll wheel gets results. In this content, we will talk about the mechanism that will controls how it works. You can likewise use the mouse scroll wheel to control your computer's volume. In addition, all of us will explain how to set the mouse's scroll tire to work inside a particular software. Then, you can actually work with it effectively with assorted programs. Best Mouse The Browse Wheel is some sort of small mechanism of which performs two functions. First, it works as a button, and second, it measures how considerably you've scrolled. It does this simply by interpreting a sign which sent to your personal computer by a gadget known as rotary régler. Most mouse possess this device. Other people have an optical encoder instead. Regardless of its design, really crucial to understand how a mouse works to increase its capabilities. To check your mouse's slide wheel, try it within a different plan, for instance Word. In case the scroll wheel still turn up useful info, try out swapping USB jacks. Sometimes, an UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS hub can cause a scrolling problem. If this happens, remove the mouse from the USB center and try attaching it straight to your computer. Then, wait for the driver to update. That should resolve your scrolling trouble. Therefore , you may have to get a new mouse. Another function of the mouse scroll wheel is navigation. Its click can be when compared to "Back" and "Forward" switches on your personal computer. By using the mouse slide wheel in your current web browser, you can zoom in plus out in your display screen. Additionally, you may use typically the mouse scroll tire to eliminate following that ads. This hint is also applicable to numerous other apps, like email customers and word control. Deploying it while possessing down the Ctrl Key makes scrolling up or straight down a lot less difficult. Additionally , the computer mouse scroll wheel can easily be used to be able to move tabs. Any time you use the mouse scroll tire to move dividers, you can use open fresh ones and in close proximity existing ones. Scrolling in this manner is much quicker and even more convenient than holding down the Control key while if you're scrolling. Also you can make use of it to maneuver your mouse inside of any direction, which includes left, right, and even down. In case your mouse button scroll wheel proceeds to jump throughout and out, take a look at your device motorists. It may become missing or outdated. If you are, you'll have got to update these people. To perform this kind of simple task, open the Control Panel and click the Troubleshoot tab. If all else fails, close all your packages and restart your own computer. Otherwise, your current mouse might require restoration. Once you've mounted the latest motorist, you can use it to navigate through your computer's settings. The many mouse basically with Windows computers come with a proper and left computer mouse button. These keys are located about either side of the mouse's browse wheel. You can use possibly button to scrolling up or straight down the page. Almost all mouse also has got a scroll wheel. A simply click possibly of these control keys will move typically the scroll wheel way up or down. So , you may not necessarily be familiar using the function regarding these buttons. Yet, the scroll wheel is a very useful tool to make use of when you need to scroll web pages.
Tumblr media
0 notes
yournewkeyboard · 3 years
Note
hi! looking for resources or product recomendations for like volume control knobs? not sure what the real name for these are but like small boards specifically for media control (knob and a few buttons)
Rotary encoders! If you want the knobs on their own you can get them from: keeb.io, splitkb.com, and littlekeyboards.
If you’re looking for a macropad with rotary encoder, check out the RoMac+ Plaid Pad, or get ahold of a BDN9 PCB.
21 notes · View notes
Video
youtube
The Extraordinary Sample-Gathering System of NASA's Perseverance Mars Rover The samples Apollo 11 brought back to Earth from the Moon were humanity's first from another celestial body. NASA's upcoming Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission will collect the first samples from another planet (the red one) for return to Earth by subsequent missions. In place of astronauts, the Perseverance rover will rely on the most complex, capable and cleanest mechanism ever to be sent into space, the Sample Caching System. The final 39 of the 43 sample tubes at the heart of the sample system were loaded, along with the storage assembly that will hold them, aboard NASA's Perseverance rover on May 20 at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. (The other four tubes had already been loaded into different locations in the Sample Caching System.) The integration of the final tubes marks another key step in preparation for the opening of the rover's launch period on July 17. "While you cannot help but marvel at what was achieved back in the days of Apollo, they did have one thing going for them we don't: boots on the ground," said Adam Steltzner, chief engineer for the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. "For us to collect the first samples of Mars for return to Earth, in place of two astronauts we have three robots that have to work with the precision of a Swiss watch." While many people think of the Perseverance rover as one robot, it's actually akin to a collection of robots working together. Located on the front of the Perseverance rover, the Sample Caching System itself is composed of three robots, the most visible being the rover's 7-foot-long (2-meter-long) robotic arm. Bolted to the front of the rover's chassis, the five-jointed arm carries a large turret that includes a rotary percussive drill to collect core samples of Mars rock and regolith (broken rock and dust). The second robot looks like a small flying saucer built into the front of the rover. Called the bit carousel, this appliance is the ultimate middleman for all Mars sample transactions: It will provide drill bits and empty sample tubes to the drill and will later move the sample-filled tubes into the rover chassis for assessment and processing. The third robot in the Sample Caching System is the 1.6-foot-long (0.5 meter-long) sample handling arm (known by the team as the "T. rex arm"). Located in the belly of the rover, it picks up where the bit carousel leaves off, moving sample tubes between storage and documentation stations as well as the bit carousel. Clocklike Precision All of these robots need to run with clocklike precision. But where the typical Swiss chronometer has fewer than 400 parts, the Sample Caching System has more than 3,000. "It sounds like a lot, but you begin to realize the need for complexity when you consider the Sample Caching System is tasked with autonomously drilling into Mars rock, pulling out intact core samples and then sealing them hermetically in hyper-sterile vessels that are essentially free of any Earth-originating organic material that could get in the way of future analysis," said Steltzner. "In terms of technology, it is the most complicated, most sophisticated mechanism that we have ever built, tested and readied for spaceflight." The mission's goal is to collect a dozen or more samples. So how does this three-robot, steamer-trunk-sized labyrinthine collection of motors, planetary gearboxes, encoders and other devices all meticulously work together to take them? "Essentially, after our rotary percussive drill takes a core sample, it will turn around and dock with one of the four docking cones of the bit carousel," said Steltzner. "Then the bit carousel rotates that Mars-filled drill bit and a sample tube down inside the rover to a location where our sample handling arm can grab it. That arm pulls the filled sample tube out of the drill bit and takes it to be imaged by a camera inside the Sample Caching System." After the sample tube is imaged, the small robotic arm moves it to the volume assessment station, where a ramrod pushes down into the sample to gauge its size. "Then we go back and take another image," said Steltzner. "After that, we pick up a seal - a little plug - for the top of the sample tube and go back to take yet another image." Next, the Sample Caching System places the tube in the sealing station, where a mechanism hermetically seals the tube with the cap. "Then we take the tube out," added Steltzner, "and we return it to storage from where it first began." Getting the system designed and manufactured, then integrated into Perseverance has been a seven-year endeavor. And the work isn't done. As with everything else on the rover, there are two versions of the Sample Caching System: an engineering test model that will stay here on Earth and the flight model that will travel to Mars. "The engineering model is identical in every way possible to the flight model, and it's our job to try to break it," said Kelly Palm, the Sample Caching System integration engineer and Mars 2020 test lead at JPL. "We do that because we would rather see things wear out or break on Earth than on Mars. So we put the engineering test model through its paces to inform our use of its flight twin on Mars." To that end, the team uses different rocks to simulate types of terrain. They drill them from various angles to anticipate any imaginable situation the rover could be in where the science team might want to gather a sample. "Every once in a while, I have to take a minute and contemplate what we are doing," said Palm. "Just a few years ago I was in college. Now I am working on the system that will be responsible for collecting the first samples from another planet for return to Earth. That is pretty awesome." About the Mission Perseverance is a robotic scientist weighing about 2,260 pounds (1,025 kilograms). The rover's astrobiology mission will search for signs of past microbial life. It will characterize the planet's climate and geology, collect samples for future return to Earth, and pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet. No matter what day Perseverance lifts off during its July 17-Aug. 11 launch period, it will land at Mars' Jezero Crater on Feb. 18, 2021. The two subsequent (follow-on) missions required to return the mission's collected samples to Earth are currently being planned by NASA and the European Space Agency. The Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission is part of a larger program that includes missions to the Moon as a way to prepare for human exploration of the Red Planet. Charged with returning astronauts to the Moon by 2024, NASA will establish a sustained human presence on and around the Moon by 2028 through the agency's Artemis lunar exploration plans.
2 notes · View notes
taww · 4 years
Text
First Take Review: Valvet Soulshine Preamplifier & A4 Mk.II Amplifier
Tumblr media
I stumbled upon the Valvet brand fairly randomly. Looking back at my original email to Alfred Kainz of highend-electronics, Valvet’s US distributor, it appears I caught wind of the niche German marque via a review of their E2 amplifier ($2,990) on 10audio.com. In it, Jerry Siegel compared it with some very well-respected solid state and tube competition - Pass, First Watt, Cary - and came away smitten with the musicality of the little 20-watter. I perused the rest of the Valvet line and was immediately drawn to how it blended sleek, unassuming styling with a focus on tried and true design approaches. Tube preamps with solid state amps (no Class D in sight), super quality passive parts, minimalist Class A and single-ended topologies, all in urban-lifestyle friendly packaging... Valvet was speaking my language. The relative obscurity of the brand (at least here in the States) and lack of online reviews only added to the intrigue. A review was clearly in order, and Alfred was kind enough to oblige us with the Soulshine tube preamp ($5,890 in the configuration we received) and A4 Mk.II monoblock amplifier ($7,890). 
Alfred provided this description of the company:
Valvet is located in Bargteheide, in the north of Germany, near Hamburg. What we have here is a very consistent vision by designer Knut Cornils in design and execution. Knut founded the company in 1991 and has been building Class-A amps since 1982. Knut has evolved a distinctive architecture of Class-A modules using high-quality components in minimal designs, featuring valve pre-amplifiers with separate power supply and solid-state mono-block power amplifiers.
Valvet Soulshine Tube Preamp ($5,890)
Tumblr media
The Soulshine is Valvet’s top preamplifier line and comes in a number of configurations. The model we received is a line stage and includes a compact external power supply and stepped attenuator with remote control. Recently, two further upgrades became available: the Soulshine IIz ($8,890) featuring a dual-mono external supply, and the Soulshine Trio ($10,990) with built-in phono stage and quad supplies. @mgd-taww​ has the full review of our base configuration coming out imminently, but I'll share some observations from my time with the unit.
I really dug the sleek look of the Soulshine - super slender, with a minimalist front panel sporting two polished chrome knobs, a 2-digit volume display and the Valvet "V" softly glowing in blue. There's zero panel markings, which makes input selection a bit of a guessing game, and slightly odd is the fact that the free-spinning volume knob (it's a rotary encoder for the electronically-controlled attenuator) has a dimple to indicate position, despite it being completely uncorrelated with the actual volume setting. The attenuator itself works extremely well - volume control is a bit on the coarser side, definitely not 1dB across the range, but adjustments are quick, smooth and noiseless other than the gentle clicking of the internal relays. Best of all, the outputs are quickly muted to eliminate any possibility of transients on power-up or turn-off which can be a real hazard with tube designs. The back-panel features 4 inputs - 2 balanced XLR, 2 unbalanced RCA - and both RCA and XLR outputs. The power supply is external, connected with a light, flexible and detachable umbilical cord. Under the hood, the circuit is simple and the parts are high quality, with relatively neat hand-soldered point-to-point wiring (Teflon-sleeved silver in our model). Like any tube component, it'll need some room to breath, but it generates a fairly moderate amount of heat and will fit in shelves with less clearance than typical tube pre's with tall chassis and upright tubes.
Tonally I found the Valvet to be fairly nondescript, and I mean that in the best possible way. There is just a hint of extra juice in the mid-bass, and the low end isn't as extended and tightly-controlled as the solid-state Bryston BP-17 Cubed ($4,500), but otherwise things felt quite neutral and in order - another example of the convergence of tube and solid state tonality over time. The top end had clarity and extension and there was neither the upper-midrange forwardness nor the rolled-off treble that one sometimes gets with tubes.
What it did have was a uniquely singing tone in the midrange that made it particularly expressive with soft melodic passages. E.g. on a performance of the Rachmaninoff Romance by cellist Alicia Weilerstein [Tidal], a passionate rendition of the theme is followed by a pianissimo echo. Through the Soulshine, the delicate passage sounded wonderfully quiet and intimate, yet still expressive; on the Bryston it came across a bit threadbare and pale. Every once in a while this could also come across as a bit of thickening, like just a dash too much cornstarch in the sauce - e.g. with Magdalena Kozena's Mozart arias, the ethereal floatiness of her voice came across slightly more opaque than I heard with the Pass Labs XP10. Tradeoffs, tradeoffs...
Tumblr media
Bryston BP-17 Cubed, Valvet Soulshine and Pass Labs XP10 locked in battle
I (or more accurately, my wife and I) heard a bit more editorializing going on with harmonics and timbre. One late evening I was playing some tunes on the Soulshine, Beethoven Symphony No. 2 to be precise, and my wife commented that the orchestra sounded rather sharp (pitch-wise) and nasal. Normally this is how American woodwind players describe European ensembles (who do indeed tune their A's higher and use totally different technique, reeds and often instruments). But in this case, it was a Montreal Symphony performance which she never previously commented on sounding particularly European. Switching back to one of the solid state pre's (the Bryston or Pass XP10) restored the expected timbre - her ears are particularly sensitive, and I can only surmise she was picking up on harmonic distortion being introduced by the tubed Soulshine. I could hear it as well, but to me it was pretty mild, and probably 99% of people won't notice it to the same degree.
The other area where THD may be coming into play is soundstaging. The Valvet has a healthy dose of that holographic tube feel, suspending instruments across a deep, airy and three-dimensional space... so much so that my wife actually felt the sound to be “too 3D,” something I doubt you’ll ever hear an audiophile say. Nelson Pass under his First Watt enterprise shared a design for a very simple 2nd-order harmonic distortion generator, called the H2, as a fun way to add some color to sound. He made this interesting observation about the phase of such distortion:
So why is the phase important? Well, it's a subtle thing. I don't suppose everyone can hear it, and fewer particularly care, but from listening tests we learn that there is a tendency to interpret negative phase 2nd as giving a deeper soundstage and improved localization than otherwise. Positive phase seems to put the instruments and vocals closer and a little more in-your-face with enhanced detail.
My sense was that the Soulshine adds more of the “negative phase” second harmonic - it has that deep holographic stage, without sounding up front and “technicolor” as some tube designs are wont to. Again, to my wife’s ears this effect sounded a little phasey and unrealistic, but I’m guessing many audiophiles will eat it up.
Some other notable and positive aspects of the Soulshine... it's extremely quiet, with nice black backgrounds. In fact, I found it to be nearly dead silent even when cranked to max volume, and considerably quieter than the Bryston which always had some level of audible hiss. Dynamics were strong, the Bryston capturing big hits in the bottom end with more slam and edge, the Valvet otherwise having more verve and nuance - piano in particular had great weight and presence on crescendi. There was a sense of ease, with plenty of headroom even on the loudest, most cacophonous orchestral passages, though I did find dynamics varied a bit with the volume setting, a likely consequence of placing the attenuator after the tube gain stages thus creating variable output impedance. Separation of instruments was excellent - whether listening to a small chamber ensemble or symphony orchestra, tonally-adjacent voices like viola vs. second violin came through with clarity and color. And while lesser preamps can blur the region below middle C (262Hz) into a bit of a soupy blend, the Soulshine clearly distinguished the lower registers of the cello from the left hand of piano accompaniment on sonatas.
All in all, the Soulshine struck me as a lovely and enjoyable preamp. Musically expressive and pure, it was significantly more engaging than the Bryston BP-17 Cubed, and made for an interesting counterpoint to the Pass Labs XP10 ($5,250 before being replaced by the XP12). I didn’t mention the Pass so far as @mgd-taww also uses the XP10 as his reference preamp, so I’ll let him do the honors of an in-depth comparison in his coming review.
Valvet A4 Mk.II Class A Monoblock amplifier ($7,890)
Tumblr media
The A4 represents the 2nd generation of Valvet’s original Class A monoblock design, the A3.5. This latest “Mk.II” iteration includes 33% larger power transformers (400W), more filtering (132,000µF each!) and upgraded parts throughout including audiophile-brand resistors and cotton-insulated silver wiring. Allegedly this brings the performance of the Mk.II closer to Valvet's flagship A4e ($9,890), a souped-up 4-chassis model with larger external power supplies and a bit more power. Despite the Class A design, the A4 is downright petite, each monoblock measuring just 230 x 110 x 310 mm (9 x 4.4 x 12.2 inches) but feeling hefty and solid - I don’t have the weight on me, but you’ll definitely want to firmly grasp each one with two hands. Power is rated at 55 watts/8Ω, 90 watts/4Ω in full Class A operation. In what seems to be a new craze (Pass Labs XA25 and models from GamuT come to mind), the output stage uses a single pair of high-power transistors per channel, and the signal path is direct-coupled with no global negative feedback.
My first night with the A4 ended in disaster. I still don't know what happened - my best guess is a wire got crossed in the hookup to my REL T-9 subwoofer - but upon powering up one of the monoblocks, sparks, a small flame and smoke ensued. Clearly something shorted out somewhere, and the A4 being a true minimalist design with zero protection circuitry means any mishap can end in catastrophe. Fortunately no human, animal or other device was harmed, but after weeks of anticipation to hear the amps, I was heartbroken. In my desperation, I listened a bit to one speaker through the other functioning amp, just to get a taste... and even from that crippled mono reproduction, I could already tell there was something very sweet and special about the A4, which made my misfortune even more agonizing.
Alfred Kainz was extremely understanding and had the amps shipped back to Knut @ Valvet for repair. A while later I got them back, and this time I completely steered clear of the REL hookup, instead feeding the subwoofer from my preamp just to be safe. The amps have worked absolutely flawlessly since so the only lesson here is to be extremely careful setting them up, which the manual also states very clearly...
With that out of the way... I think these are some very special amps. While I've heard Class A amps plenty of times in other systems, it's my first time having one in my own, and it was easy to hear from the first notes what all the fuss is about. There's a purity and density of tone, a freedom from electronic haze and grain, a fluidity of expression that's subtle in absolute terms but significant in visceral ones. Great Class A amps have given me the feeling of emancipating music from the chains of typical solid-state limitations, making Class AB (and certainly Class D) designs sound synthetic and mechanical by comparison. The Valvet is delightfully expressive, sweet and pure, with an honest and unforced way of capturing the warmth and beauty of a performance. The Bryston 4B Cubed, a 300W Class AB powerhouse, impressed me with how it carried some of these lovely qualities to a surprising degree, but the Valvet communicates with a higher level of musical connection and tactile presence.
At times, I've heard Class A amps come off a bit dark and slow vs. a very transparent Class AB design. I hear no such issues with the Valvet - in fact, it has all the speed of the Bryston 4B3, with even more dynamic alacrity and nuance. Twists and turns of a phrase are conveyed with uninhibited momentum. Its highs are as sweet and refined as I’ve heard in my system, but with no sacrifice of brilliance. Vocals have richness and complexity, and the variegated harmonics of the violin and oboe have startling trueness. And while it doesn't have the big Bryston's bass slam and depth, it still packs plenty enough wallop to be satisfying with rock and electronic fare. The Mk.II upgrades included a significant stiffening of the power supply, seemingly to good effect - close your eyes, and you would never guess you were listening to an amp rated at just 55 watts. It's by no means a current monster so I would stick with at least moderately-efficient speakers that don’t dip too low in impedance, but I’ve heard 150-watt amps that don’t have this level of control and explosiveness. Certainly compared to a 60-watt integrated like the Ayre AX7e or Bryston B60, the Valvet sounds like a powerhouse.
Tumblr media
I'll have much more to say about this wonderful amplifier in the coming months. One of the things I'll need to work on is getting some good comparisons on hand (the Pass XA25 and XA30.8 come to mind). And I have a much larger, 3.5-way reference speaker on order which will stress the Valvet's drive and current capability far more than my current 2-way monitors. In the meantime, if you value beautiful, engaging yet truthful reproduction, I strongly recommend an audition of the Valvet A4 Mk.II - it's captivated me enough to earn a long-term home in my system.
2 notes · View notes
omenthenarrator · 5 years
Text
Prompts That Inspired No Sleep Club
If you tell me a few of your favorites, I’ll try to write out a snippet or even a full short story about that prompt!
A girl goes missing in the woods and the search party only finds a decrepit porcelain doll that looks oddly similar to her. The parents start treating the doll like their daughter, slowly losing their sanity.
New residents move into the neighborhood and get invited by their neighbors for dinner. After an hour of horror they finally escape the house only to find it an abandoned decrepit building in shambles. No one has lived there for 15 years since the last family died of unknown causes.
A family dog runs away from home. He returns a year later to the familys delight. However, theres something different about him. Something demonic.
A man reads a novel, soon realizing that the story is his very own–and according to the book, a killer is lurking.
Serial killers world wide have been sent a link that connects them all to an anonymous chat room. A teenager somehow is sent the link by mistake. Soon after receiving a warning of everyones coming demise, he noticed people vanishing from the chat room one by one–and hes the next on the kill list.
A woman who is afraid of clowns wakes up from her normal life to one in which she worked at the freak show. However, instead of working a normal job, she’s the main attraction and the audience she is performing for are the very things she fears.
A young brother and sister find an old door in their basement that had never been there before.
One day, as the townsfolk begin to wake up, it is discovered that strange winged creatures can be seen within the gathering storm clouds above. Over the years, the phenomenon becomes a normal sight during stormy days.
A man wakes up in the streets to find a hobo clown staring down at him with a long face.
A mad scientist performs the first head transplant on his sick and dying daughter (4 yrs old) when things go horribly wrong. (Pigs head?)
A girl is scrolling through her photo gallery only to find several pictures she hadn’t taken. One by one, all the towns residents find the same photos in their galleries. The pictures turned out to be a warning for the whole town of the coming earthquake.
HALLOWEEN SPECIAL: A scarewalk in the woods during a Halloween festival turns out to be real. And all the walkers have to survive multiple horror movie scenarios to get to the end of the walk alive.
A bartender serves last calls to the only remaining patron, a man who calls himself Lucifer.
Something/someone has turned all the neighborhood pets into demonic killers.
A woman wakes up with her eyes and mouth sewn shut and no memory of who she was before.
A couple has a young son who is a total angel in public. However, once they are home alone he becomes something right out of their nightmares.
A woman wakes up in an abandoned maze-like sewer system. As she attempts to escape, the water begins to rise. But drowning is the last of her worries… Somethin lurks within the depths.
A robber steals from the small town museum only to discover the apparent riches belonged to a covent of witches.
Kidnappers abduct a child only to find out she was more than they bargained for. She was found playing on the swingset the next day, no sign of the kidnappers in sight.
A homeless man is stalked by faceless creatures who crawled on all fours. Hes the town drunk so no one believes him until he turns up dead face down in the snow.
A group of friends wake up disoriented in the old abandoned mansion to find it has been turned into a chamber of horrors. Only one of them will survive, so says the note left with them.
A woman of high social standings becomes the gossip of the town when she is sent away to an asylum for raving about the writing on her wall. However, when her husband suffera the same fate, people start thinking she wasn’t as crazy as she seemed.
A boy on a farm makes scare crows to protect the crops. Only problem is, they tend to come alive. (This one might be too goosebumps but I Can try to write it different if it sounds interesting enough)
EASTER SPECIAL: A figure dressed in an old dirty Easter Bunny suit haunts the children of the town.
Something ancient rises out of an old pond.
An artificial intelligence begins to communicate with a family online, only to terrorize them through their tech. Anytime they try to seek help, all traces of the AI vanish completely. (Maybe make this about one person instead of a whole family?)
A family buys a cheap house only to find an unmarked grave in the back yard while remodeling. (It looks like it belonged to an infant child)
A boy is born with an identical twin. The older they get the more evil the twin becomes.
A cult that worships history’s deadliest serial killers begins to kill by copying their methods. A girl and her mother see this on the local news. The girl later discovers her mother is a member and shes the next victim.
A winter snow storm traps a group of thrill seekers in an abandoned asylum.
A little girl comes down the stairs and asks her parents, “Can you hear it breathing? I can.”
Children find a deep dark well and an old ladder that leads down into it.
A teen (?) Finds a crayon drawing of a strange family on the wall–its inscribed with the words, “We live in your walls.” (Its either a teen who blames his 3 year old brother before realizing he can’t write or a young child who tells his parents about the ‘wall people’.
HALLOWEEN SPECIAL: A woman is watching a scary movie alone on Halloween night… But someone keeps knocking at her door. However, when she opens it, no one is ever there…
A famer and his son begin to hear childrens laughter coming from their fields at night–no child is in sight though.
A childs imaginary friend in not actually imaginary. (Possibly use one of the creatures I had made for the original No Sleep Club… Like Scratcher?)
A girl hears movement in her walls and rooms, but she is the only one home.
An old lady is sitting in her house knitting when a whisper interrupts the silence. “Be quiet. They WILL hear you,” it says
A man hiking through the woods when he came across a crumbling staircase that leads upward. However, there is no sign of the rest of the ruins anywhere.
A child walks down the stairs and stop in front of their babysitter. An eerie grin tugs at the child’s lips as they say “We’ll go to war with a smile on our faces.”
The old rotary dial phone started ringing loudly, but when answered, the caller hangs up. When the girl set the phone down, she remembered that her parents had disconnected it a week ago due to some prank calls that had been happening for months.
“There used to be six of us… Now I’m alone.”
He followed the young lady as she led him into a long forgotten room, only to find her gone. There was no way out except the narrow hall they’d just come from.
Someone kept sending her encoded messages. Every time she decoded them, each revealed a secret worse than the last. (The secrets are about her and she grows more paranoid each day until she calls the police for harassment. Once they read all the messages, she practically confesses. Each message is sent from various victims numbers, which had been deactivated.)
Theres an urban legend thats been circulating for years about a taxi cab that doesn’t take you where you want to go but where you need to go. One night a tired yound man steps into this cab.
A boy is sitting on his couch when one of his friends barges into the living room and says, “whatever happens, who ever comes knocking, ive been here for at least an hour.”
Every night he hears the sound of a train… But the railroad closed down years ago.
A reclusive grandmother dies. The grand daughter-who feels guilty for not visiting her-has to go through her things and finds her grandmother was not all she seemed to be.
Having vanished into the forest seven years ago, she emerged looking like she hadnt even left. Everything was the same, she hadn’t even aged, but something seemed a bit… Off.
CHRISTMAS SPECIAL: The frozen pond in the forest cracked open. Ice skaters we disheartened by this, and curious as to how it happened–then they noticed the trail of footprints leading out of the pand and into the woods.
A fair has come to town with a strange funhouse. Inside, past the normal mirror maze, there’s a room that has one lone mirror that shows the viewer the last thing they’ll see before they die. (Alternatively: after viewers exit the room, something about their features is a bit off and they act very different then before.)
Funhouse Mirror: Alternatively, it could be both. The last thing they see before they die is why “they” start acting differently.
A grandfather tells his grandson that when a person leaves a graveyard a different way than they entered, spirits will leave with them. The boy decides to test this theory.
A man soon realizes that the fence around the orphanage is to keep the public safe–not the other way around.
One day the townsfolk wake up with their deadly sin tattooed to their left hand. (pride, lust, gluttony, envy, sloth, wrath, greed) This pits the townsfolk against one another as they discover that their heavenly virtue is tattooed to their right.
1 note · View note
harryhealybct-blog · 5 years
Text
CTEC607 #9
I researched how I could use hardware and Arduino to track the speed and direction of the record dish. I found a sensor called a rotary encoder, which counts incrementally as it rotates. They are often used in manufacturing to accurately control stepper motors/servos. There were various encoders, however an optical encoder seemed to be the best option. 
I remember seeing a DJ mixer in the mechatronics lab which used spinning discs to mix. Fortunately, the optical sensor and code wheel were still intact, so I removed them with as little damage as possible.
Tumblr media
The encoder module has two sensors (A and B). The band on the code wheel is actually many small black lines, which the sensor counts. If the sensor counts A before B, the code wheel is spinning clockwise, if the sensor counts B before A, the code wheel is spinning anti-clockwise. The sensor operates on 5V power - perfect for an Arduino.
1 note · View note
dingdangsblog · 2 years
Text
Common Types of Refrigeration Compressors: A Comprehensive Guide
When mentioning refrigeration, everyone in this modern world may be familiar with it. People's daily use of air conditioners, refrigerators, whether small household or large commercial ones, are refrigeration appliances. In the hot summer, without air conditioning, city people who are used to the coolness of air conditioners may don't know how to survive, and restaurant owners may be extremely anxious because they don't know where to put their daily food. However, refrigeration compressors will be unfamiliar to many people. In fact, refrigeration compressor is the heart of refrigeration system. In a sense, the design and matching of refrigeration system is to bring out the best capacity of compressor.
Tumblr media
Figure 1:Refrigeration compressors manufactured by Bristol, Mitsubishi, Hitachi and Tecumseh of different types and sizes
One compressor accounts for 30% - 40% of the cost of an air conditioner. So it is necessary to know more about the compressor used when buying an air conditioner. A good compressor will be quieter, and have better performance in service life and energy efficiency ratio. The refrigeration industry all over the world has invested a lot in the research of refrigeration compressor, and new research directions and results are constantly emerging. The technology and performance level of compressor change with each passing day. Here we will introduce the common types of refrigeration compressors in the marketplace.
1. Classified by Technical Parameters
1.1 Classified by Exhaust Pressure
In the refrigeration system, only by converting the electric energy into mechanical work through the compressor, and compressing the low temperature and low pressure gaseous refrigerant into high temperature and high pressure gas, can the refrigeration cycle be realized. If the air pressure lifted by a compressor is less than 0.2MPa, we call it a blower, if less than 0.02MPa, it’s called a fan. The discharge pressure standard of the compressor is referred as following table.
Thank you for your reading and more information please visit https://okmarts.com/catalogsearch/result/?q=Rotary+encoder
1 note · View note
planetarduino · 2 years
Text
This Arduino radio looks like something from 100 years ago
As time has progressed, personal radios have shrunk from the size of a large filing cabinet down to a tiny circuit that can be integrated into other ICs. Instructables user exposedwire wanted to bring back the feeling of a vintage 1920s radio set, so they built one out of wood that carries the same antique feeling with some more modern features.
For the electronics, exposedwire went with an Arduino Uno for the main control board, along with a TEA5767 FM receiver IC that communicates with the Uno over I2C. The currently tuned frequency is displayed on a seven-segment LED module, which is driven by the ubiquitous TM1637 chip. The station can be changed by rotating the accompanying rotary encoder. Finally, the resulting audio signal is sent from the TEA1637 to an NS8002 amplifier and outputted from a small speaker.
The outer shell of the enclosure was fabricated by first 3D printing an arch-like structure and gluing it to the back wooden cover. After the speaker was set into its mount, the wooden faceplate was attached along with its speaker grill and front panel assembly. The FM radio antenna simply sticks out the back next to the power input jack. 
To read more about this DIY radio project, you can view its writeup here on Instructables or see a build/demonstration video here on YouTube.
youtube
The post This Arduino radio looks like something from 100 years ago appeared first on Arduino Blog.
This Arduino radio looks like something from 100 years ago was originally published on PlanetArduino
0 notes
Text
An Introduction to Machine Vision Systems
Machine vision systems are a set of integrated components that are designed to use information extracted from digital images to automatically guide manufacturing and production operations such as go/no testing and quality control processes. These systems can also play a role in automated assembly verification and inspection operations through their ability to guide material handling equipment to position products or materials as needed in a given process. They have wide applications across different industries and can be used to automate any mundane, repetitive tasks that would become tiring to a human inspector or operator. The use of automatic vision measuring machine allows for 100% inspection of products or parts in a process, resulting in improved yields, reductions in defect rates, increased quality, lower costs, and greater consistency of process results.
How Machine Vision Systems Work
To understand how a manual vision measuring machine works, it may be helpful to envision it performing a typical function, such as product inspection. First, the sensor detects if a product is present. If there is indeed a product passing by the sensor, the sensor will trigger a camera to capture the image, and a light source to highlight key features. Next, a digitizing device called a frame-grabber takes the camera’s image and translates it into digital output, which is then stored in computer memory so it can be manipulated and processed by software.
In order to process an image, computer software must perform several tasks. First, the image is reduced in gradation to a simple black and white format. Next, the image is analyzed by system software to identify defects and proper components based on predetermined criteria. After the image has been analyzed, the product will either pass or fail inspection based on the machine vision system’s findings.
Measurement functions of the large-stroke coordinate measuring instrument are done through the comparison of a recorded dimension from a digital image against a standard valve to establish a tolerance or to determine if the observed value of the dimension is within acceptable levels of tolerance as called for in the design specification for that part.
Video Motion Quality (VMQ) evaluates the relative motion quality of the distorted video generated from the reference video based on all the frames from the two videos. VMQ uses any frame-based metric to compare frames from original video and distorted video. It uses the timestamp of each frame to measure the intersection value. VMQ measuring machine combines the comparison value with the intersection value in the aggregate function to produce the final result. To explore the efficiency of VMQ, we used a set of uncompressed original videos to generate a new set of encoded videos. These encoded videos are then used to generate a new set of distorted videos that have the same video bit rate and frame size, but the frame rate is reduced.
In modern machines, the gantry type vision measuring machine superstructure has two legs and is often called a bridge. This moves freely along the granite table with one leg (often referred to as the inside leg) following a guide rail attached to one side of the granite table. The opposite leg (often outside leg) simply rests on the granite table following the vertical surface contour. Air bearings are the chosen method for ensuring friction free travel. In these, compressed air is forced through a series of very small holes in a flat bearing surface to provide a smooth but controlled air cushion on which the CMM can move in a near frictionless manner which can be compensated for through software. The movement of the bridge or gantry along the granite table forms one axis of the XY plane. The bridge of the gantry contains a carriage which traverses between the inside and outside legs and forms the other X or Y horizontal axis. The third axis of movement (Z axis) is provided by the addition of a vertical quill or spindle which moves up and down through the center of the carriage. The touch probe forms the sensing device on the end of the quill. The movement of the X, Y and Z axes fully describes the measuring envelope. Optional rotary tables can be used to enhance the approachability of the measuring probe to complicated workpieces. The rotary table as a fourth drive axis does not enhance the measuring dimensions, which remain 3D, but it does provide a degree of flexibility. Some touch probes are themselves powered rotary devices with the probe tip able to swivel vertically through more than 180 degrees and through a full 360 degree rotation.
Height gauges can be used to determine an object or workpiece’s height with extremely high accuracy and precision. These precision measuring instruments also provide marked locations on an item relative to one reference plane for subsequent use.
Center-line distances, internal/external diameters, and step heights are some of the different measuring tasks that can be carried out by high-specification digital height gauges.
They claim consistency of ±0.0001 inch and can be extremely precise up to 0.001 inches. Of course, the consistency and precision of such instruments still depend on their overall quality, so it’s essential only to source one from websites of reliable manufacturers.
0 notes