#Minoritized Languages

[useless-catalanfacts]

A day in the life of someone who posts on the internet in Catalan *cue dozens of Spanish people asking "what's wrong with your mouth", ordering him to speak in Spanish or "in Christian", saying he's rude for speaking in Catalan, calling him "polaco" (derogatory Spanish word to mean a Catalan person), calling the Catalan language a dialect, saying he is possessed because he's speaking Catalan, etc*

This is a video by Sergi Mas showing some of the comments he gets on YouTube. He makes videos about mountain biking that he posts on YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram. And the first comment he got on his first YouTube video was already someone telling him he should do it in Spanish.

Some days ago, another creator who posts his videos in Catalan (Joan Sendra, find him on Instagram and TikTok) answered to a Spanish person who was complaining that it's rude to speak Catalan/Valencian on the internet instead of Spanish because then there's people who don't understand you (as if everyone in the world spoke Spanish lmao). Joan, who is tired of getting this kind of comments so often, answered: there are already endless videos and things to watch on the internet in Spanish. In fact, if you look for [the topic he was talking about in the video that this guy commented] all the videos are in Spanish except for mine. And yet you had to come to me, the one in Valencian, and tell me that I can't make a video in my language and that I can only make it in yours. If you don't like it, it's so easy to find another one!

However, it's not a matter of actually being interested in what's being said in a language they don't speak. It's about the imposition of the language they consider superior (Spanish) and telling speakers of the languages whose land Spain had occupied that they are useless and should be ashamed of existing in public. Well, we aren't. Like Sergi's video, don't let the comments disturb your macarrons.

#català #valencià #actualitat #languages #language #catalan #cultures #valencian #diversity #minoritized languages #imperialism #influencers #sociolinguistics #minority languages

[beautiful-basque-country]

with Basque being a difficult language to learn, how often do you meet someone who proficiently speaks it as a second language ?

"With Basque being a difficult language to learn".

Anon, I can't believe you internalized the same old lie about Basque difficulty - led by French and Spanish nationalists - whose only intention is to promote it as a second-class language, unable to gain new speakers, suffocate any real interest in learning it by making it appear impossible for non-natives, and eventually lead it to extinction.

Language difficulty depends not only on its grammar, script, vocabulary, etc., but also on learners' skill, dedication, mother tongue, other learnt languages, available resources, etc.

Mandarin Chinese is often considered one of the most difficult languages to learn and still it has 100s of millions of speakers as a second language.

Basque is not a hard language to learn: it uses Latin script, has lots of Latin loanwords, very few grammatical exceptions, and mostly very clear phonemes. It's not an impossible language that will take years and years to dominate. In the Official Schools of Languages in Spain, it takes students around 5-6 years to achieve C1 level.

I've personally met Moroccan, Polish, Catalan, Senegalese, and Russian people that spoke perfect Basque. Even here on Tumblr there are people from different parts of the world that learnt /are learning Basque on their own, with limited resources, and making such an incredible job.

Stop the propaganda: everybody can learn Basque - or any other language for that matter.

#euskal herria #basque country #pays basque #pais vasco #euskadi #euskera #basque #euskara #minoritized languages #languages #anons

[scentedpastaclodsoul]

Parlam un pauc de l'occitan (Let's talk about occitan)

L'occitan es un dialècte del francés que se parla dins lo sud de França, al nòrd d'Itàlia, dins la Val d'Aran, en Catalunya. Es una lenga romanica que fa pas partida de las lengas oficialas en França mas qu'es ensenhada dins d'unas escòlas e universitats. Se retròba dins l'occitan diferent dialèctes, aicí es de lengadocian. L'Estat francés en unificant lo país astors d'una lenga comuna a participat activament a l'esfaçament de nòstra lenga e de nòstra cultura. Son ensenhament èra defendut, los ensenhaires que parlavan occitan son estats remplaçats e se los escolans parlavan occitan a l'escòla èran punís fisicament. Uèi, nòstra lenga es "en dangièr seriós d'extincion" segon l'UNESCO. L'occitan es pas la sola lenga regionala a aver subte aquò. Totas la diversitat lingüistica en França es estada tocada.

Occitan is a dialect of French spoken in southern France, northern Italy, the Aran Valley and Catalonia. It is a Romance language that is not an official language in France but is taught in some schools and universities. Within Occitan itself there are different dialects, here it is Languedocien. The French state, by unifying the country around a common language, has actively participated in the erasure of our language and culture. Its teaching was forbidden, teachers who spoke Occitan were replaced and if pupils spoke Occitan at school they were physically punished. Today, our language is "in serious danger of extinction" according to UNESCO. Occitan is not the only regional language to have suffered this. All linguistic diversity in France has been affected.

#occitan #minoritized languages #spyld #speak your language day #france #occitanie

[minglana]

Thais Villas, TV presenter from Fraga, talks about the linguistic discrimination she's had to face, in and outside Aragon.

Translation under the cut.

Jorge Pueyo: It says that you defend linguistic and patrimonial identities of the [Aragonese] Comunity

Thais Villas: I'm here as a form of activism, and because for me it's like magic to be able to speak fragatí on Aragonese television, which has never happened.

J: Have you ever encountered a situation of linguistic discrimination in Aragon?

T: Of course. My parents were in a cafeteria in Uesca and they were not served because they were speaking in Catalan to each other. Me, and my brother also, when we came to Zaragoza to have papers for Selectividad done: "Ma'am please speak to us in Christian"* and I told him: "I will speak "in Christian" when I have to talk to you, but if I'm talking with my friend from Fraga, she will think I'm crazy if I speak to her in Spanish." These little things happen, but they also happen when you're in Madrid and you speak in Catalan, they think that you're speaking ill of them.

J: That you're doing it to bother them.

T: To bother them, or.... Now, if you two start speaking in French to each other, I'm not going to think that you're speaking ill of me. But it does happen, yes. That's why it's so important, Jorge, what you are doing!

* "speaking in Christian" is an expression used by Spanish speakers in Spain. It is used when someone doesn't understand something and wants it explained another way. It is also very commonly used against people not speaking Spanish (minority and non-minority language speakers equally), since they cannot/refuse to understand what the others are speaking. It all comes down, as always, to linguistic discrimination.

#the worst part is that i have heard first hand experiences from other people that were also refused at a bar for speaking in catalan #but that comes down mainly to anti-catalanism (and a bit of ignorance abt aragon) bc they were speaking catalan #and in aragon the ppl that hate catalonia. REALLY hate catalonia :))) #(and anything slightly related to us) #z puya cosetas #linguistic discrimination #catalan #català #minority languages #minoritized languages

[gaelicwordofthesometimes]

A Native American linguist whose name I can't remember once said that a language which has been revitalised was never dead, it was only sleeping and needed help being woken up

Shout out to every sleeping or once sleeping language, and to everyone helping to wake them up

#language #linguistics #dead languages #endangered languages #minoritized languages

[rotzaprachim]

one thing I wish was better known is that if you want to learn a minoritized or “endangered” language as an outsider, the most important thing by far is to center the speaker community and find out what community activities are going on for language revitalization and IF the community is open to outsiders learning the language and on what terms! You may even get a variety of answers! The job is to listen! The important thing is that questions around this are SO specific and communty-contingent that no single post or tiktok will cover all situations! There are a lot of cases in which a speech community considers their language closed to outsiders! There are a lot of cases in which the community would like outsiders to learn their language - including cases where there is no assumed divide between insiders and outsiders in those who learn the language - to contribute to revitalization and reclamation efforts. There are a lot of cases where the answer is in the middle, or when different community members will feel differently. Don’t assume you have right to learn a language from a community you are not a part of. However, additionally, do not automatically assume that a speech community considers their language closed to those willing to learn respectfully and in cultural context

#I think it’s important to highlight that language minoritization and endangerment is inextricable from processes of genocide colonization #Poverty and assimilation #And that it exists literally everywhere #If you *want* to learn a minoritized language it *often* (but not always) is better received if it’s one in your area #Including indigenous and/or diasporic languages. Learn what was historically spoken in your area learn about language reclamation NOW #That being said there are some minoritized languages like Catalan and Welsh that are happy to have learners from anywhere #And goyim speaking Jewish languages respectfully makes me so happy!

[guillemelgat]

saying this all as someone who used to collect languages the same way and understands what it feels like. it is not always a practical, irl/real world-workable way to do things.

i know langblr encourages it, but minoritized languages aren’t pokemon. if you learn a language then a main point of focus that you take, *needs* to be whether you will ever use it. the welsh farm dream is one thing, since you intend to actually live there but you have upwards of 5 languages from so many parts of the world in your bio, that are not your heritage language or the one from the place where you grew up. do you consider how the speakers would respond to having their culture basically collected, but not actually joined into or lived in, as a diversion in the life of an academic from another country?

the strongest example from your list is romani. the romani are a very closed culture who usually don’t want outsiders speaking their language, and as for the others, the same principle isn’t as strictly applied with all, but: whether you are invited or not *does matter*, to the people in those cultures. there are levels of open vs closed. no, no one is stopping you, of course, but tact has a role. because (this will be the thought of people who are native speakers) why do you need this language if you’re interacting with few to no people in your day to day life who you will ever be speaking it with? learning it for its own sake as a kind of novelty won’t always be met well.

the reason many of these minoritized languages are minoritized is one involving politics suffering and war. as with bosnian.

i had to figure this out the hard way myself. so. just some food for thought

tl;dr i would figure out reasons why each has a strong call to you, read extensively on the political settings and how fraught things can be in those places and their history/present, and maybe emphasize focus on a small handful of them while ruling out those you’ll never personally interact with. just a few documentaries with interviews from real people who live there and speak the languages might give some perspective shift.

Thank you for sending this message! I've been ruminating for a while about everything you've brought up, and wasn't really sure how to answer this well, but I'll give you my best attempt at an answer(?), if this even counts as a question in need of an answer.

In terms of myself, I'll give you what this made me think:

I will fully admit that I started this blog when I was 17, and I'm now 23. That's a lot of time to change and evolve as a person, which I most certainly have. At 17, it definitely felt like learning 10+ languages (regardless of which languages, even) was a perfectly tenable goal. At 23, I'm realizing that it's not quite as easy as I thought it would be. So I have scaled back my ambitions a lot since then, and am only trying to focus on a couple of languages now. Because of that, I will say that the list on my about page has started to become somewhat misleading. And it does frustrate me that the languages that younger me thought I could learn were all minoritized, because I feel like a shitty person giving up on them—hence why I have tried to put this off for a while.

I did start learning these languages knowing that "collecting minoritized languages like Pokemon" was not something that I wanted to do. It's extremely important to me to be plugged into a language culturally and socially when I'm starting to learn it—everything that you've given as advice here is generally much less than what I've done for all the languages I'm studying, and I wouldn't be able to imagine learning one not having done these things. I will say that I have talked with speakers of every single one of the languages that I'm studying except for Tamasheq. On the other hand, I could certainly do better. I've been struggling with this for a while, and I think that this might be a good time to step back from some languages unless I'm willing to make them an active part of my life. Basically, if I had infinite time, I would be able to maintain all of these languages, but in this world, I have to be realistic.

And I also had some general thoughts on the subject:

I honestly think a lot of the problem with the way people treat minoritized languages is tied up with the attitude that they're "folkloric" or "exotic" and not just. A Language. What I mean by that isn't that they don't have boundaries or can't be closed or you can just learn two words and say you speak them, but I do think that the real question to ask yourself when you're learning a minoritized language is if you're treating it as a full language. A lot of times you'll see famous polyglots or whatever tacking on minoritized languages, and it is really frustrating to see that they can do that with them when they can't with something like Spanish or French. I do think that with minoritized languages, it's easier to go around pretending you speak them (or to think you actually do), because there's usually fewer people to question you and in many cases native speakers are kinder than with larger languages. That is, however, a toxic attitude that I want to avoid at all costs—I'm sure I've done it, because I'm not perfect, but for example I don't bring up languages I'm learning unless there's a context where they're needed. This is the only place where you can see the language I've studied, and I mostly leave it there for clarity. That being said, I won't say that I'm immune to any of this stuff, so I don't want to pretend like I'm without criticism.

I do think that while your definition of strict necessity is fair as a tough question to dissuade beginners, I don't fully agree with it. A lot of these languages I came into without a really good reason to study, but thanks to learning them I've met people who I wouldn't have otherwise met and can't imagine not being in my life. Use is not contingent on living in a place—I've always said this and I will continue to say it. Languages come up in all kinds of places you wouldn't expect, and if you choose to make them a part of your life they do so even more. Especially for minoritized languages, being a part of the community means reaching out to people, pitching in, and doing things in the language. I've found you can do that in many different ways, and in fact, the strict usefulness of the language is usually a factor that hurts minoritized language speakers rather than helping them. I don't know, just something to think about that didn't really sit right with me.

I think that the only thing you can do when learning a minoritized language is immerse yourself in its history, culture, and people. And by people I mean make friends who speak the language. Make the language have weight for you. Understand it on a human level. This sounds really dumb (and looks kind of cringe when written out, sorry) but I think if people did this it would solve a lot of these debates. Just my grain of salt.

Sorry for making everyone read this, if you made it here I hope it was of some worth to you. I honestly think the only thing that you can do as a learner of any language is really to always know that you have more to learn, and to be open to being taught—whatever it is that people have to teach you. That's how you build a respectful language learning relationship, and that's what I hope I've done. Now I definitely need to update my about page though, it's been time to do that for a while 😅

#i appreciate getting this ask at this time because i really do need to rethink my relationship with language learning #and this gave me a chance to do that #the way minoritized languages are treated on here is frustrating sometimes though #i know it's definitely part of why i never really checked in to langblr #but i can do better here i can always do better here and i should do better here #with romani for example i feel like i have done a bad job there and i do need to reevaluate my relationship with it going forward #but if i hadn't started learning it there's a lot of things that i would never have learned about #and while i wish i could have learned about them in different ways i'm very glad that i at least know them now #asks

[quatregats]

Okay I get why all of you are so insane about Liberato. I get it now

#he's a phenomenal composer and a phenomenal musician and everything together produces such a cohesive image and message #like all of his music videos etc #wish i spoke neapolitan so i could understand the words to his songs while i listened #but god. GOD. i have been listening to partenope on repeat for a bit now and i was thinking that it sounded very baroque #and then i found a live version and it was him on keyboard and a string quartet and yeah. yeah #AND he's doing it all in a minoritized language #literally artist of the decade no one is doing it like him #if you have not listen to him i wish upon you the one day discovering him and going feral experience #not cohesive but thinking many thoughts #perce rambles

[exemplarybehaviour]

oh no. oh fuck. i think i have to stan france this year

#NOT a ballad? a minoritized language? dope visuals and music???? #esc 2022

[useless-catalanfacts]

Sweden saying they'll vote against allowing the use of Catalan, Basque and Galician in the European Union Parliament because "there's lots of minority languages and we can't allow them all" is so funny because CATALAN HAS MORE SPEAKERS THAN SWEDISH

Catalan is the 13th most spoken language in the EU. It has more than 10 million speakers, which means it has more speakers than other languages that are already official EU languages like Maltese (530,000), Estonian (1.2 million), Latvian (1.5 million), Irish (1.6 million), Slovene (2.5 million), Lithuanian (3 million), Slovak (5 million), Finnish (5.8 million), Danish (6 million), Swedish (10 million), and Bulgarian (10 million).

Neither Galician (3 million) nor Basque (750,000) would still be the least spoken languages to be allowed in the EU representative bodies.

But even if any of them did, so what? Why do speakers of smaller languages deserve less rights than those of bigger languages? How are we supposed to feel represented by the EU Parliament when our representatives aren't even allowed to speak our language, but the dominant groups can speak theirs?

It all comes down to the hatred of language/cultural diversity and the belief that it's an inconvenience, that only the languages of independent countries have any kind of value while the rest should be killed off. After all, isn't that what Sweden has been trying to do to the indigenous Sami people for centuries?

#actualitat #sweden #languages #catalan #basque #galician #sami #saami #europe #european politics #european union #language #langblr #eu #minority languages #minoritized languages #minorities #national minorities #stateless peoples #imperialism

[beautiful-basque-country]

Seen at the Bilbao BBK Live music festival, the things that happen when the responsibles of the signs are given a text in Spanish and Google translator.

It's been making the rounds among Basque speakers as a quite funny joke because instead of saying get there without waiting in Euskara they wrote get there without hope 🤣🤣🤣🤣.

#euskal herria #basque country #pays basque #pais vasco #euskadi #Bilbo #Bilbao #Bizkaia #Bbk live #Festival #Euskera #Euskara #Basque #minoritized languages #languages #Humour #we have to laugh

[scentedpastaclodsoul]

Quand me bati pels dreches de las personas andicapadas es per totes mos camaradas que son andicapats, per totes los que se son batuts pel passat. En omenatge a totes nòstres camaradas que son mòrts a causa d'aquel sistèma poirit, per las generacions venentas de personas andicapadas mas egalament per totas las personas que son pas andicapadas mas qu'o vendràn mai tard dins lor vida. E aquò las personas non-andicapadas o comprenon pas. Del jorn a l'endeman poiriatz passar de delà de barrièra, en nosautras respactant, sètz vosautras que respectatz.

#disabled #handicap #disabled rights #occitan #speak your language day #spyld #regional dialect #minoritized languages

[minglana]

L'enseyament de l'aragonès i del català

per Artur Quintana i Font (via Temps de Franja)

"Mentre que l’ensenyament d’una llengua estrangera i del castellà és obligatori, s’observa que el de l’aragonès i el català, les nostres llengües pròpies i històriques, és optatiu, i això passa malgrat que la Constitució a l’article 3.2 proclame que aquestes llengües ‘seran també oficials’ –fa servir el futur perquè l’any 1978 en proclamar-se l’actual Constitució no ho eren, i el ‘també’ perquè el castellà ja n’era, d’oficial. I si voleu saber què vol dir per a una llengua ser oficial, només us cal llegir l’article 3.1 de la Constitució que diu que el ciutadà té el deure de conèixer la llengua oficial i el dret de fer-la servir. Essent així l’Estat ha de posar els mitjans perquè el ciutadà puga conèixer-la i fer-la servir en tot indret i moment. Pareix de sentit comú, oi que sí? Doncs no: quan el Govern de la Comunitat Gallega, ja el 1983, va posar a la seva llei de llengües que tothom havia de saber i poder enraonar tant en castellà com en gallec, a corre-cuita li van fer saber que això només valia per al castellà, i que el gallec quedava en mans del jutges, els quals en cada cas podien decidir quan i on els ciutadans gallecs podien, o no, enraonar en gallec i ser-hi entesos. Des d’aleshores les nostres llengües pròpies i històriques per més oficials que siguen es troben en uns llimbs legals, sempre depenent del tarannà dels jutges de torn."

"Per a l’aragonès s’ha passat de ser present a 4 centres escolars el curs 1997 a ser-ho a 27 amb més de 1.200 alumnes el curs 2021-2022, repartits per tota l’àrea de llengua aragonesa amb prou densitat en general. A les terres altes dels Pirineus hi ha escoles quasi a tot arreu amb ensenyament de l’aragonès, des de la Jacetània fins a la Ribagorça..." [...] "I a bastants escoles en territori de llengua catalana no s’ensenya aquesta llengua, com pertocaria, sinó aragonès. Això passa a la Ribagorça de llengua catalana de la Vall de l’Isàvena des de la capçalera a les Paüls fins a Llaguarres" [...] "Aquestes anomalies, que ja fa anys que duren, i han estat denunciades en repetides ocasions, tenen l’anuència, tàcita sembla, de les instàncies educatives: Conselleria, Direcció General de Política Lingüística, Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua… i de les associacions d’estudi i foment de l’aragonès."

"L’ensenyament de l’aragonès i del català es fomenta, a més, amb diversos programes:" [...] "Al poble abandonat de Bailo es fan jornades de convivència entre alumnes que assisteixen a classes d’aragonès i de català, i s’hi ha encetat un programa d’immersió per a l’aragonès. La immersió, que entre nosaltres és tot just a les beceroles, i encara, és del tot necessària per a contrarestar el trencament quasi total de la transmissió familiar de la llengua aragonesa i la que, com més va, més escassa de la catalana. Els bons resultats obtinguts a les ikastolak basques o a les calandretas occitanes, per esmentar, entre molts d’altres, uns exemples d’immersió ben propers, ens mostren el bon camí."

"Avancem, poquet a poquet, en l’ensenyament de les nostres llengües pròpies i històriques, amb molts i innecessaris obstacles, però avancem."

#noticias #aragonés #català #polvo niebla viento y sol #minority languages #minoritized languages

[official-linguistics-post]

I am invading your ask box once again. what language would make the funniest english creole

oops this is gonna sound fucking condescending. uhhh i don't think it's productive to think of any language variety in terms of how "funny" it is! that only reinforces dominant norms of devaluing minoritized languages based on objectively neutral features.

yes i'm great at parties.

[rotzaprachim]

doing some readings for class and now extremely interested if academic work has been done on the boarding school in Harry Potter as English/Anglo-American apparatus for assimilation and social control

#Many people have rightly pointed out the fact that the fantasy sold in Hp isn’t just magic #But an in many ways *idealized special image of the British boarding school #I’m curious if this has been taken a step further #This is in light of how how HP is being used as a language revival text among several speaker groups of indigenous and minoritized language #On a praxis level makes total sense #Because it allows for kids/second langsuge learners to do extensive reading of a text they’re probably deeply familiar with #On another level. What does it MEAN to read about Harry getting his boarding school summons in Hawaiian Greenlandic Yiddish Irish Māori????

[najia-cooks]

[ID: First image is a thin crèpe topped with ground 'meat,' herbs, and tomato, and garnished with lemon. Second image is a close-up of the same crèpe with a thick red sauce drizzledover it. End ID

𑐔𑐟𑐵𑑄𑐩𑐬𑐶 / चतांमरि / Chatamari (Newari rice crèpe)

𑐔𑐟𑐵𑑄𑐩𑐬𑐶 / चतांमरि (chatā̃mari), sometimes called "Newari pizza," are rice crèpes made plain or with a savory topping. Chatamari are a popular festival food among the indigenous 𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅 / नेवा: (Naivāḥ / Newa) people, most of whom live in the 𑐣𑐾𑐥𑐵𑑅 𑐐𑐵𑑅 / नेपाः गाः (Naipāḥ gāḥ / Nepa Valley) in central Nepal. [1] They are regarded as a near-compulsory addition to the table for holidays including 𑐴𑑂𑐩𑐥𑐸𑐖𑐵 / म्ह पूजा (mha pūjā) and 𑐡𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐹𑐖𑐵 / दिगु पूजा (digu pūjā), when they are served as snacks and appetizers.

A chatamari consists of a thin, fried crèpe, fluffy on the inside and crispy around the edges, and an optional juicy, well-spiced topping. Common toppings are vegetable (with black-eyed peas, potato, and/or soy chunks); meat (with minced chicken or buffalo and tomato); a cracked egg; or some combination thereof. Ginger, garlic, red onion, cumin, turmeric, and sometimes red chili powder and coriander add bite and aroma. To cook chatamari, a thin layer of batter is spread on a tawa, and the batter is topped; the whole is then covered with a clay conical lid and left to steam.

This recipe is for a 𑐎𑐷𑐩𑐵 / कीमा (kīmā; minced meat)​ chatamari with potato, but you can try replacing the meat substitute with cooked black-eyed peas, replacing the potato with more meat, or replacing the meat and potato with vegetables of your choice (try green peas, julienned carrots, and green onion)—the basic format of this dish is highly customizable.

The Nepali language is increasingly the language of broadcast, education, and even the home, to the detriment of other languages including the Newa language Nepal Bhasa (𑐣𑐾𑐰𑐵𑑅 𑐨𑐵𑐫𑑂‎ / नेवा: भाय्, nevāḥ bhāy). Scripts historically used to write Nepal Bhasa and Sanskrit have been almost entirely replaced with Devanagari. 𑐥𑑂𑐬𑐔𑐮𑐶𑐟 / प्रचलित (prachalit; lit. "common") was the script used by literate Newa until it began to decline at the turn of the 20th century; the 1960s governmental policy of सांस्कृतिक एकता (Nepali: sā̃skr̥tik ektā; cultural unity) further marginalized it.

Revival efforts have begun, which claim Prachalit (and the ornamental script Ranjana, also used to write Nepal Bhasa and Sanskrit) as parts of Newa identity, and seek to teach them at fairs and in workshops. A process of "ethnicity-building" and identity formation within Nepal, including pushes to use students' mother tongues as the language of instruction (with Devanagari as a "common" script) and to use minoritized languages in television and radio broadcast, have been ongoing since the 1990s.

[1] Terminology is given in Nepal Bhasa unless otherwise specified, in Prachalit followed by Devanagari script. "𑐔𑐟𑐵𑑄𑐩𑐬𑐶," "𑐡𑐶𑐐𑐸 𑐥𑐹𑐖𑐵," and "𑐎𑐷𑐩𑐵" are my transliterations from Devanagari into Prachalit. Latin transliteration is ISO 15919 standard except: "च" ([t͡ʃə]) is rendered "cha" and not "ca." Where two Latin phrases are given, the first is ISO from Devanagari, and the second is the typical English-language spelling or phrase.

Recipe under the cut!

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Ingredients

Makes 4 large.

For the topping:

3/4 cup (74g) textured vegetable protein + 1/2 cup (118mL) broth

Or 1 1/2 cup ground beef substitute of choice

1 russet potato (200g) (optional)

2 roma tomatoes, minced or thinly sliced

1 small red onion, minced or thinly sliced

1 green chili, diced or thinly sliced

1/2-inch chunk (5g) ginger, peeled and grated or pounded

2 cloves garlic, grated or pounded

1 tsp ground coriander

1 tsp ground cumin

1 tsp ground turmeric

1 tsp red chili powder (substitute sweet paprika to reduce spice level)

1 tsp meat masala (optional)

2 Tbsp neutral oil (if not including 'egg')

Cilantro, to top

For the egg (optional):

2 Tbsp yellow mung flour or chickpea flour (besan)

1/4 cup coconut milk

1 tsp kala namak (black salt)

You may also use any other egg substitute. This one is inspired by Vietnamese bánh xèo. The coconut milk provides binding and fat; the final topping will not taste of coconut. You may replace it with any neutral oil.

For the batter:

1 1/2 cup (240g) white rice flour

About 1 1/2 cup (350 mL) cool water

Mustard oil, to fry

The chatamari in the photo is served with achar.

Instructions

For the batter:

1. Measure flour into a bowl. Pour in water slowly while whisking until a smooth, pourable batter (the consistency of crèpe batter) forms. Set aside to rest while making the filling.

For the filling:

1. Peel and cube potato, then boil until soft. Mash thoroughly with a bean masher or fork.

2. Hydrate TVP in broth or stock (I used water with 1/2 tsp vegetarian beef stock concentrate) for 10 minutes.

3. Mix potato, minced tomatoes and onion, ground 'meat', spices, and 'egg' together in a large mixing bowl until well-combined.

To assemble:

1. Heat a large tawa, comal, or nonstick skillet on medium. Fill a ladle with 100 mL (a bit less than 1/2 cup) of batter, and pour it into the center of the skillet; it should become round on its own. Thin it out a bit with the bottom of the ladle.

2. Cover the top of the batter with the topping, leaving a bit of space on the edge. Optionally, add about 2 tsp of oil around the edges of the chatamari to crisp.

3. Lower the heat to low and cover. Cook for 7 minutes. Remove chatamari onto a plate.

If the rice pancake cracks, your batter is too thin; try resting it, uncovered, for 5-10 minutes, then stirring it and trying again.

4. Raise heat to medium for a minute. Add another ladle of batter, top the chatamari, add oil, lower the heat and cover to cook as before. Repeat until batter or filling runs out.

#Nepali #Newari #vegan food #vegan recipes #gluten free