#Medinan
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Muhammad is the Messenger of God,
and those who are with him are hard against the unbelievers, merciful one to another.
Thou seest them bowing, prostrating, seeking bounty from God and good pleasure.
Their mark is on their faces, the trace of prostration.
That is their likeness in the Torah,
and their likeness in the Gospel:
as a seed that puts forth its shoot, and strengthens it, and it grows stout and rises straight upon its stalk, pleasing the sowers, that through them He may enrage the unbelievers. God has promised those of them who believe and do deeds of righteousness forgiveness and a mighty wage.
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190 There truly are signs in the creation of the heavens and earth, and in the alternation of night and day, for those with understanding,
191 who remember God standing, sitting, and lying down, who reflect on the creation of the heavens and earth: ‘Our Lord! You have not created all this without purpose– You are far above that!– so protect us from the torment of the Fire.
192 Our Lord! You will truly humiliate those You commit to the Fire. The evildoers have no one to help them.
193 Our Lord! We have heard someone calling us to faith–“ Believe in your Lord”– and we have believed. Our Lord! Forgive us our sins, wipe out our bad deeds, and grant that we join the righteous when we die.
194 Our Lord! Bestow upon us all that You have promised us through Your messengers– do not humiliate us on the Day of Resurrection– You never break Your promise.’
195 Their Lord has answered them: ‘I will not allow the deeds of any one of you to be lost, whether you are male or female, each is like the other [in rewards]. a I will certainly wipe out the bad deeds of those who emigrated and were driven out of their homes, who suffered harm for My cause, who fought and were killed. I will certainly admit them to Gardens graced with flowing streams, as a reward from God: the best reward is with God.’
{a Literally ‘you come from each other’, i.e. you are equal.}
196 [Prophet], do not be deceived by the disbelievers’ [lucrative] trading to and fro in the land:
197 this is only a brief enjoyment, after which Hell will be their home– a miserable resting place!
198 But those who were mindful of their Lord will have Gardens graced with flowing streams where they will stay as a reward from God. What God has is best for those who are truly good.
199 Some of the People of the Book believe in God, in what has been sent down to you and in what was sent down to them: humbling themselves before God, they would never sell God’s revelation for a small price. These people will have their rewards with their Lord: God is swift in reckoning.
200 You who believe, be steadfast, more steadfast than others; be ready; b always be mindful of God, so that you may prosper.
{b ‘For prayer’ or ‘to ward off an attack’.}
It was narrated from Kuraib that 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) told him:
He slept at the house of Maimunah (RA) the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ), who was his maternal aunt. He said: "I laid down across the mattress and the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and his wife lay along it. The Prophet (ﷺ) slept until midnight, or a little before or a little after. The Prophet (ﷺ) woke up and began to rub the sleep from his face with his hand. Then he recited the last ten verses of Surah Al Imran. Then he got up and went to a water skin that was hanging up and performed wudu from it, and he performed wudu well, then he stood up and prayed." Abdullah bin 'Abbas (RA) said: "I stood up and did what he had done, then I went and stood beside him. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) put his right hand on my neck, and took hold of my right hand and tweaked it. Then he prayed two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then two rak'ahs, then he prayed witr. Then he lay down until the Mu'adhdhin came to him and he prayed two brief rak'ahs."
[Sahih (Darussalam), Sunan an-Nasa'i 1620]
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1. When God’s help has arrived, and victory,
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(66) PROHIBITION (التحريم At-Taḥrīm) (LXVI) MEDINAN
A Medinan sura that discusses episodes in the Prophet’s home life. It chides two of the Prophet’s wives for an incident when a confidence was betrayed (verses 3–5) and urges all believers to submit themselves to God and to guard themselves and their families against Hellfire (verses 6–8). The sura closes by giving examples of believing and disbelieving women (verses 10–12).
0 In the name of God, the Benevolent, the Merciful
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CCLX And when Abraham said, “My Lord,
show me how you give life to the dead.”
[God] said, “Do you not believe?”
[Abraham] said, “Yes,
but it is to satisfy my heart.”
[God] said, “Then catch four birds
and train them to come to you.
Then place them one by one
on the mountains all around;
and then call them
and they will rush to you.
And know that God is mighty, most wise.”
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CXXV And who is better in faith than the one
who surrenders his being to God,
and is a doer of good,
and follows the way of Abraham
rightly oriented?
For God took Abraham as a friend.
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65 Divorce (الطلاق
Aṭ-Ṭalāq) LXV MEDINAN
A Medinan sura that outlines regulations concerning divorce (verses 1–7). The sura strongly urges people to observe God’s regulations and guidance. To reinforce this they are reminded of the fate of earlier disobedient peoples and the rewards of the obedient. God’s power and knowledge are emphasized at the end (verse 12).
12. God is the one who created seven heavens,
and their like of earth, with the order descending
between them so that you may know
God has power over every thing,
and God has already encompassed
every thing in knowledge.
11. a messenger reciting
the clarifying signs of God to you,
to bring those who believe and do good works
out of the darknesses into the light.
And any who believe in God
and act with integrity
God will admit to gardens
where streams flow below,
where they’ll dwell forever;
God has made the best provision for them.
10. God has arranged intense agony for them;
so be conscious of God, you with intelligence,
who believe; God has sent you a reminder,
9. and they experienced
the unhealthiness of their action,
as the outcome of their action was loss.
8. How many populations defied the decree
of their Lord and the messengers!
We called them to account
with a severe reckoning,
and We punished them
with an unheard-of torment,
II.
7. Let those with plenty
spend of their abundance;
and let one whose provision is limited
spend of what God has given him.
God does not assign anyone a task
beyond what God has given him;
God will grant ease after hardship.
6. Keep those women
in the manner you live,
according to your means,
not depriving them
to reduce them to straits.
And if they are pregnant,
then provide for them
until they deliver.
And if they nurse for you,
then give them their due,
and confer with each other reasonably.
But if you find it difficult,
then let another woman nurse the child.
5. That is the decree of God,
which God has sent down to you.
Whoever is conscious of God,
God will efface his evils from him
and will increase his reward.
4. As for those of your wives
who are past menstruation,
if you are uncertain,
their waiting period is three months,
as also for those who have not menstruated.
As for those who are pregnant,
their term is delivery.
And whoever is conscious of God,
God will give him ease in his concern
3. and will provide for him
from where he doesn’t expect.
And whoever trusts in God,
God suffices him,
for God brings about
the divine decree.
God has given every thing
a certain measure.
2. Now when the women
come to the end of their term,
then either keep them honorably
or else part with them honorably,
calling to witness two just members
of your community,
and prove your testimony to God.
That is advised to whoever believes
in God and the last day.
And when someone is conscious of God,
God gives him a way out,
1. O Prophet, when you divorce women,
release them for their waiting period,
and calculate the waiting period,
being conscious of God, your Lord;
don’t expel them from their houses,
nor let them leave,
unless they are openly immoral.
And those are boundaries of God;
and whoever oversteps God’s boundaries
has wronged his own soul.
You don’t know but God might
bring about another order after that.
0 In the name of God, the Benevolent, the Merciful
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(64) Outdoing (MUTUAL NEGLECT) (التغابن
At-Taghābun) (LXIV) MEDINAN
A Medinan sura that gets its title from verse 9. The sura opens with a description of God’s power, wisdom, and knowledge (verses 1–4). The disbelievers are reminded of the end of those who disbelieved before them (verses 5–6), and their denial of the Resurrection is strongly refuted (verse 7). The believers are urged to be wary but forgiving of the enemies they may have within their own families (verses 14–15) and warned to remain steadfast and to spend in God’s cause (verses 8–10, 16–18).
0 In the name of God, the Benevolent, the Merciful
1 Everything in the heavens and everything on earth glorifies God, to whom belongs the dominion and who deserves all praise; and who has power over all things.
{Footnote : 5480
It is not that He does not see Rebellion and Evil, nor that He cannot punish them. He created all things pure and good, and if evil crept in by the grant of a limited free-will by Him, it is not unforeseen: it is in His wise and universal Plan, for giving man a chance of rising higher and ever higher.}
2 That is the one who created you all; but some of you deny, while some of you believe. And God sees whatever you do.
{Footnote : 5480
It is not that He does not see Rebellion and Evil, nor that He cannot punish them. He created all things pure and good, and if evil crept in by the grant of a limited free-will by Him, it is not unforeseen: it is in His wise and universal Plan, for giving man a chance of rising higher and ever higher.}
3 God created the heavens and the earth soundly, and formed you all, fashioning you expertly; and the destination is to God.
{Footnote : 5481
Cf. xl. 64, and n. 4440: also vii. 11 and n. 996. In addition to the beauty and grandeur of all God's Creation, He has endowed man with special aptitudes, faculties and capacities, and special excellencies which raise him at his best to the position of vicegerent on earth. "Beautiful" also includes the idea of "adapted to the ends for which they were created".
Footnote : 5482
"The final Return": not only of mankind, but of all things created, whether material or in the realm of ideas and events. All things return to Allah: as they derive their origin from Him, so is the return or destination of all of them to Allah.}
4 God knows what is in the heavens and the earth, and knows what you conceal and what you reveal. And God knows what is contained in hearts.
{Footnote : 5483
Not only does He create and develop and sustain all things; but all thoughts, motives, feelings, ideas, and events are known to Him. Therefore we must not imagine that, if some evil seems to go unpunished, it is not known to Him or has escaped His notice. His Plan is wise and good in its fullest compass: sometimes we do not see its wisdom and goodness because we see only a broken fragment of it, as our own intelligence is narrow.}
5 Has no account come to you of those who scoffed before? They experienced the ill consequence of what they were about, suffering intense agony.
{Footnote : 5484
"The evil result of their conduct" begins to manifest itself in this very life, either in external events, or in internal restlessness and agonies of conscience. But its culminating force will be seen in the "grievous Penalty" of the Hereafter.}
6 That is because their messengers brought them clear explanations, yet they said, “What? Human beings directing us?” And they scoffed and turned away, though God was unaffected, for God is absolutely independent, worthy of all praise.
{Footnote : 5485
This is referred to in a more expanded form in xiv. 9-11, which see.
Footnote : 5486
Their obedience is not necessary to Allah, nor will their rejection of Truth affect the validity of Truth or injure the progress of Truth. Allah is free of all needs or dependence on any circumstance whatever. He sends His Message for the good of mankind, and it is man who suffers by ignoring, rejecting, or opposing it.}
7 Those who scoff think they’ll never be resurrected: say, “On the contrary—by my Lord, you will surely be resurrected, and then you will be told about everything you did. And that is easy for God.”
{Footnote : 5487
In other words, they think that there is no future life, and no responsibility for our actions beyond what we see in the present life. If that were true, all the profits of fraud and roguery, which remain unpunished in this world-and many do remain unpunished in this world-will remain with the wicked; and all the losses and pain suffered by integrity and righteousness, if they find no compensation in this life, will never find any compensation. This would be an odd result in a world of justice. We are taught that this is not true,-that it is certain that the balance will be redressed in a better future world; that there will be a resurrection of what we call the dead; and that on that occasion the full import of all we did will be made plain to us, and our moral and spiritual responsibility will be fully enforced.}
8 So believe in God and the messenger of God, and the light that We sent down, as God is aware of whatever you do.
{Footnote : 5488
"The Light which We have sent down": i.e., the light of Revelation, the fight of conscience, the light of reason, and every kind of true light by which we may know Allah and His Will. If we play false with any such lights, it is fully known to Allah.}
9 The day God assembles you for a day of gathering, that will be a day of outdoing— whoever believes in God and acts with integrity, God will efface their evils from them and admit them to gardens below which rivers flow, to abide therein forever: that is the great success.
{Footnote : 5489
The Day of Judgment will truly be "a Day of Mutual Loss and Gain", as the title of this Sura indicates. Men who thought they were laying up riches will find themselves paupers in the Kingdom of Heaven. Men who thought they were acquiring good by wrong-doing will find their efforts were wasted; xviii. 104. On the other hand the meek and lowly of this life will acquire great dignity and honour in the next; the despised ones doing good here will be the accepted ones there; the persecuted righteous will be in eternal happiness. The two classes will as it were change their relative positions.
Footnote : 5490
"Remove from them their ills". The ills may be sins, faults, mistakes, or evil tendencies; Allah will of His grace cover them up, and blot out the account against them; or they may be sorrows, sufferings, or disappointments: Allah may even change the evil of such persons into good, their apparent calamities into opportunities for spiritual advancement: xxv. 70. This is because of their sincere Faith as evidenced by their repentance and amendment.
Footnote : 5491
"Gardens" the place of the highest Bliss, see ii. 25, n. 44; xiii. 35; xlvii. 15.}
10 As for those who scoffed and repudiated Our signs, they will be inmates of the fire, where they will abide; and what a miserable destination!
II
11 No disaster can occur except by leave of God;and whoever believes in God, God guides his heart. And God has perfect knowledge of everything.
{Footnote : 5492
What we consider calamities may be blessings in disguise. Pain in the body is often a signal of something wrong, which we can cure by remedial measures. So in the moral and spiritual world, we should in all circumstances hold firmly to the faith that nothing happens without Allah's knowledge and leave; and therefore there must be some justice and wisdom according to His great universal Plan. Our duty is to find out our own shortcomings and remedy them. If we try to do so in all sincerity of heart, Allah will give us guidance.}
12 So obey God, and obey the messenger. But if you turn away, the only obligation of Our messenger is clear communication.
{Footnote : 5493
The Messenger comes to guide and teach, not to force and compel. The Messenger's teaching is clear and unambiguous, and it is open and free to all. Cf. also v. 95.}
13 There is no deity but God, so let it be in God that the believers trust.
14 Believers, among your mates and your children are some inimical to you, so beware of them. But if you overlook and pardon and forgive, then God is indeed most forgiving, most merciful.
{Footnote : 5494
In some cases the demands of families, i.e., wife and children may conflict with a man's moral and spiritual convictions and duties. In such cases he must guard against the abandonment of his convictions, duties, and ideals to their requests or desires. But he must not treat them harshly. He must make reasonable provision for them, and if they persist in opposing his clear duties and convictions, he must forgive them and not expose them to shame or ridicule, while at the same time holding on to his clear duty. Such cases occurred when godly men undertook exile from their native city of Makkah to follow the Faith in Madinah. In some cases their families murmured, but all came right in the end.
Footnote : 5495
For the different words for "forgiveness", see n. 110 to ii. 109.}
15 Your possessions and your children are only a test: there is a greater reward in the presence of God.
{Footnote : 5496
Children may be a "trial" in many senses: (1) their different ways of looking at things may cause you to reflect, and to turn to the highest things of eternal importance; (2) their relationship with you and with each other may confront you with problems far more complicated than those in separate individual lives, and thus become a test of your own strength of character and sense of responsibility; (3) their conflict with your ideals (see n. 5494 above) may vex your spirit, but may at the same time search out your fidelity to Allah; and (4) their affection for you and your affection for them, may be a source of strength for you if it is pure, just as it may be a danger if it is based on selfish or unworthy motives. So also riches and worldly goods have their advantages as well as dangers.}
16 So be conscious of God as much as you can, and listen and obey and contribute, for your own good. And those safeguarded from the avarice of their selves, they are the ones who thrive.
{Footnote : 5497
"Fear Allah" combined with "as much as you can" obviously means: "lead lives of self-restraint and righteousness": the usual meaning of Taqwa: see n. 26 to ii. 2.
Footnote : 5498
Charity is meant to help and do good to other people who need it. But it has the highest subjective value for the person who gives it. Like mercy "it blesseth him that gives and him that takes". It purifies the giver's soul: the affection that he pours out is for his own spiritual benefit and progress. Cf. Coleridge: "He prayeth best who loveth best all things both great and small, for the Great God Who loveth us, Who made and loveth all".
Footnote : 5499
Cf. lix. 9. Our worst enemy is within ourselves,-the grasping selfishness which would deprive others of their just rights or seize things which do not properly belong to it. If we can get over this covetous selfishness, we achieve real Prosperity in justice and truth.}
17 If you advance God a good loan, God will multiply it for you, and forgive you; for God is most appreciative, most clement,
{Footnote : 5500
Cf. ii. 245 and n. 276. Our Charity or Love is called a loan to Allah, which not only increases our credit account manifold, but obtains for us the forgiveness of our sins, and the Capacity for increased service in the future.
Footnote : 5501
Cf. xiv. 5, n. 1877; and xxxv. 30, n. 3917. Allah's appreciation of our service or our love goes far deeper than its intrinsic merits or its specific expression on our side. His reward is beyond our deserts, and passes over out defects. He judges by our motives, which He can read through and through: see next verse.}
18 Knower of the invisible and the evident, the almighty, epitome of wisdom and justice.
{Footnote : 5502
Allah's Appreciation and Forbearing Kindness can reach so far beyond our merits, because (1) His universal knowledge comprehends hidden motives, which others cannot see in us; (2) His power is so great that He can afford to reward even the unworthy; and (3) His Wisdom is so great that He can turn even our weakness into our strength.}
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Others are held in suspense,
awaiting the order of God,
as to whether God will punish them,
or whether God will forgive them.
And God is omniscient, supremely wise.
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17 the blind, the lame, and the sick will not be blamed.’ God will admit anyone who obeys Him and His Messenger to Gardens graced with flowing streams; He will painfully punish anyone who turns away.
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9 weigh with justice and do not fall short in the balance. 10 He set down the Earth for His creatures, 11 with its fruits, its palm trees with sheathed clusters, 12 its husked grain, its fragrant plants.
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(63) The Hypocrites (المنافقون
Al-Munāfiqūn) (LXIII) MEDINAN
A Medinan sura which warns the believers about the treachery of the hypocrites and describes their behaviour in some detail. A specific occasion on which the hypocrites tried to stop anyone donating money to believers is described (verses 7–8) and God calls on the Muslims to compensate for this by giving more of their own funds to the needy (verses 9–11).
0 In the name of God, the Benevolent, the Merciful
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28 “those who believe and whose hearts
are satisfied by remembrance of God.
Oh, it is by remembrance of God
that hearts are satisfied!
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(62) The Day Of Congregation (the Congregation) (LXII) MEDINAN
A Medinan sura which takes its title from the instruction to the believers to observe the Friday prayer promptly and reliably when called (verses 9–11). The sura reminds the Muslims of God’s grace in granting them a prophet and the chance to grow spiritually (verses 2–4). Those who do not act in accordance with the knowledge they have been given are criticized (verses 5–8).
0 In the name of God, the Benevolent, the Merciful
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So remember Me;
I will remember you.
And be grateful to Me
and do not deny Me.
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22:63 See you not how God sends down water from the sky and then the earth becomes green upon the morrow? Lo! God is Subtle, Aware.
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