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prag-news · 7 months
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opennaukri · 1 year
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https://www.opennaukri.com/chandrayaan-i-indias-first-unmanned-lunar-mission/
Chandrayaan-1 was launched on 22 October 2008 from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota. This was India's first unmanned Chandrayaan mission. The main objective of this mission was to find out and study various unexplored aspects of the Moon and its surface. To know more facts about the Chandrayaan-1 mission please visit: https://www.opennaukri.com/chandrayaan-i-indias-first-unmanned-lunar-mission/
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2 September 2022
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Fresh off its success at the moon, India is now headed for the sun.
The nation launched its first-ever solar observatory today (Sept. 2), sending the Aditya-L1 probe skyward atop a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) from Satish Dhawan Space Centre at 2:20 a.m. EDT (0620 GMT; 11:50 a.m. local India time).
The PSLV deployed Aditya-L1 into low Earth orbit (LEO) as planned about 63 minutes after liftoff, sparking applause and high fives in mission control.
"Congratulations, India, and congratulations, ISRO [the Indian Space Research Organisation]," Jitendra Singh, India's Minister of State for Science and Technology, said shortly after deployment on ISRO's launch webcast.
"While the whole world watched this with bated breath, it is indeed a sunshine moment for India," Singh added.
The successful launch followed on the heels of another big milestone for India: On August 23, its Chandrayaan-3 mission became the first to land softly near the moon's south pole.
Chandrayaan-3's lander-rover duo are expected to conk out in a week or so, when the harsh lunar night falls at their touchdown site. But Aditya-L1's long journey has just begun.
A long road to a good sun-viewing spot
Aditya-L1 won't stay in LEO forever:
After a series of checkouts, it will use its onboard propulsion system to head toward Earth-sun Lagrange Point 1 (L1), a gravitationally stable spot about 1 million miles (1.5 million kilometers) from our planet in the direction of the sun.
That destination explains the latter part of the mission's name. And the first part is simple enough: "Aditya" translates to "sun" in Sanskrit.
The 3,260-pound (1,480 kilograms) observatory will arrive at L1 about four months from now, if all goes according to plan.
But the long trek will be worth it, according to the ISRO.
"A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the sun without any occultation/eclipses," ISRO officials wrote in an Aditya-L1 mission description.
"This will provide a greater advantage of observing the solar activities and its effect on space weather in real time."
Indeed, another sun-studying spacecraft is already at L1 — the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), a joint NASA-European Space Agency mission that launched in December 1995.
(Several other spacecraft, including NASA's James Webb Space Telescope, are at Earth-sun Lagrange Point 2, which is a million miles from Earth, in the direction away from the sun.)
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Solar flares, the coronal heating mystery and more
Once it's settled in at L1, the solar probe will use four three science instruments to study the particles and magnetic fields in its immediate surroundings and four others to scrutinize the sun's surface (known as the photosphere) and its atmosphere.
This work will help scientists better understand solar activity, including the dynamics of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), ISRO officials say.
Flares are powerful flashes of high-energy radiation, and CMEs are huge eruptions of solar plasma.
Both types of outburst can affect us here on Earth. Intense CMEs that hit our planet, for example, trigger geomagnetic storms that can disrupt satellite navigation and power grids.
(As a side benefit, such storms also supercharge the gorgeous light shows known as auroras.)
Aditya-L1 will also tackle the "coronal heating problem," one of the biggest mysteries in heliophysics.
The corona — the sun's wispy outer atmosphere — is incredibly hot, reaching temperatures around 2 million degrees Fahrenheit (1.1 million degrees Celsius), according to NASA.
That's about 200 times hotter than the solar surface, which is "only" 10,000 degrees F (5,500 degrees C) or so.
It's still unclear what is responsible for this startling and counterintuitive discrepancy.
(Why would it be hotter away from the sun's core, where the energy-producing nuclear fusion reactions are occurring?)
Aditya-L1 has other science goals as well. For instance, the mission also aims to more fully flesh out the solar wind, the stream of charged particles flowing constantly from the sun, ISRO officials said.
Aditya-L1 will measure the composition of the solar wind and attempt to determine how it is accelerated.
And Aditya-L1 will do all this work on the cheap:
The mission's price tag is about 3.8 billion rupees, or $46 million US at current exchange rates.
That's in the same ballpark as Chandrayaan-3
India's first successful moon-landing mission costs about 6.15 billion rupees, or $74 million US.
For comparison, NASA's most recent big-ticket sun mission, the record-setting Parker Solar Probe, costs roughly $1.5 billion.
This disparity should not be viewed as an indictment of NASA, however; labor costs are much higher in the United States than in India, among other differences between the two nations' economies.
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Aditya-L1 is a coronagraphy spacecraft to study the solar atmosphere, designed and developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and various other Indian research institutes.
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oldion · 4 months
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The explorers of the galaxy will not be human
Robots are already the explorers of our solar system. Voyager 1 has left our solar system. Curiosity and Perseverance are on Mars. Chandrayaan-3 is on the Moon. Yet, the human have still not returned to the Moon. So it's easy to imagine that the explorers of the rest of the galaxy will not be human but robotic. Or maybe something in between, like a half-human half-robot ?
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dainikviral · 7 months
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Aditya L1 Mission (Suryayaan): India's First Mission to Study the Sun by ISRO
Recently, India’s space agency, ISRO, has been making announcements with its groundbreaking missions. Not even two weeks have passed since the historic success of Chandrayaan 3, and ISRO is already gearing up to make history once again. This time, their goals are set on the Sun with the Aditya L1 mission. In this blog post, we will go into the depths of this extraordinary mission and explore how…
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travelindia2025 · 9 months
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Chandrayaan 1: Unveiling the Mysteries of the Moon
Introduction The exploration of space has always captivated the imagination of humankind. In the pursuit of unraveling the mysteries beyond our planet, various nations have embarked on ambitious missions to study celestial bodies. One such remarkable endeavor was the Chandrayaan 1 mission, an Indian lunar exploration program that marked a significant milestone in the country’s space exploration…
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kitty-lemon · 7 months
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Since some of y'all do not know how to celebrate our achievements in space exploration:
Facts:
1) India became the 5th ever country to reach the moon surface back in 2008 with Chandrayaan-1.
2) India is the 1st ever country to soft-land the south pole of the moon and 4th country to soft-land on moon.
3) India has never physically placed a flag on moon- Only USA and China have physical flags on moon. 'Having a flag on moon' is said as a way to signify a country's presence on the moon through a mission.
Now from all the reactions I have seen, I can categorise them as follows:
1) Space enthusiasts: (Indians and non Indians) Wow! We have a rover in the south pole of moon now! For the first time ever! So proud.
2) Jingoists: YAYyyyy....India is has joined the group of the big bad countries with expensive space missions. Now we are in the same category as those countries who are known for their imperialism and power in world politics bahahahah. WE ARE ONE OF THEM (Modi hai mumkin hai)
3) H!ndu nat!onalists: "SomE coUnTrIeS hAvE FlAgs oN mOoN, oTHerS hAvE MooNs iN fLAgS". (Modi hai toh mumkin hai)
(2) and (3) are actively disrespecting the scientists, engineers and the whole team which made this possible, Out of their love for science and exploration and hard work to make this dream, People have had for decades, come true. They did not do this for small minded nationalism and religious politics.
Moving slightly away from the topic, Y'all were cheering for our Olympic wrestlers when they came home with medals and were very 'proud' of them. Same type of nationalistic things were said. But then y'all abandoned them, Even called them traitors, when they protested against a powerful BJP politician who was sexually harassing minors and women for several years. They asked for support and were met with ridicule. Till this date that person is roaming around free with only a non existent chance of holding him accountable.
So if you're proud of ISRO because y'all got to be jingoists and religious supremacists for a day then you may as well shut up and go back to school. This wasn't for YOU.
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mysticstronomy · 9 months
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IS THE MOON RUSTING??
Blog#309
Wednesday, June 28th, 2023
Welcome back,
While our Moon is airless, research indicates the presence of hematite, a form of rust that normally requires oxygen and water. That has scientists puzzled.
Mars has long been known for its rust. Iron on its surface, combined with water and oxygen from the ancient past, give the Red Planet its hue. But scientists were recently surprised to find evidence that our airless Moon has rust on it as well.
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A new paper in Science Advances reviews data from the Indian Space Research Organization's Chandrayaan-1 orbiter, which discovered water ice and mapped out a variety of minerals while surveying the Moon's surface in 2008. Lead author Shuai Li of the University of Hawaii has studied that water extensively in data from Chandrayaan-1's Moon Mineralogy Mapper instrument, or M3, which was built by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California. Water interacts with rock to produce a diversity of minerals, and M3 detected spectra - or light reflected off surfaces - that revealed the Moon's poles had a very different composition than the rest of it.
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Intrigued, Li homed in on these polar spectra. While the Moon's surface is littered with iron-rich rocks, he nevertheless was surprised to find a close match with the spectral signature of hematite. The mineral is a form of iron oxide, or rust, produced when iron is exposed to oxygen and water. But the Moon isn't supposed to have oxygen or liquid water, so how can it be rusting?
The mystery starts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles that flows out from the Sun, bombarding Earth and the Moon with hydrogen.
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Hydrogen makes it harder for hematite to form. It's what is known as a reducer, meaning it adds electrons to the materials it interacts with. That's the opposite of what is needed to make hematite: For iron to rust, it requires an oxidizer, which removes electrons. And while the Earth has a magnetic field shielding it from this hydrogen, the Moon does not.
"It's very puzzling," Li said. "The Moon is a terrible environment for hematite to form in." So he turned to JPL scientists Abigail Fraeman and Vivian Sun to help poke at M3's data and confirm his discovery of hematite.
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"At first, I totally didn't believe it. It shouldn't exist based on the conditions present on the Moon," Fraeman said. "But since we discovered water on the Moon, people have been speculating that there could be a greater variety of minerals than we realize if that water had reacted with rocks."
After taking a close look, Fraeman and Sun became convinced M3's data does indeed indicate the presence of hematite at the lunar poles. "In the end, the spectra were convincingly hematite-bearing, and there needed to be an explanation for why it's on the Moon," Sun said.
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Their paper offers a three-pronged model to explain how rust might form in such an environment. For starters, while the Moon lacks an atmosphere, it is in fact home to trace amounts of oxygen. The source of that oxygen: our planet.
Earth's magnetic field trails behind the planet like a windsock. In 2007, Japan's Kaguya orbiter discovered that oxygen from Earth's upper atmosphere can hitch a ride on this trailing magnetotail, as it's officially known, traveling the 239,000 miles (385,00 kilometers) to the Moon.
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That discovery fits with data from M3, which found more hematite on the Moon's Earth-facing near side than on its far side. "This suggested that Earth's oxygen could be driving the formation of hematite," Li said. The Moon has been inching away from Earth for billions of years, so it's also possible that more oxygen hopped across this rift when the two were closer in the ancient past.
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Then there's the matter of all that hydrogen being delivered by the solar wind. As a reducer, hydrogen should prevent oxidation from occurring.
But Earth's magnetotail has a mediating effect. Besides ferrying oxygen to the Moon from our home planet, it also blocks over 99% of the solar wind during certain periods of the Moon's orbit (specifically, whenever it's in the full Moon phase). That opens occasional windows during the lunar cycle when rust can form.
Originally published on NASA.gov
COMING UP!!
(Saturday, July 1st, 2023)
"WHAT IS TIME DISTORTION??"
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srbachchan · 7 months
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DAY 5670
Jalsa, Mumbai Aug 26/27, 2023 Sat/Sun 1:19 AM
Birthday - EF - Rohit Kumar Bhutoria Sunday, 27 August .. wishes and more from the entire Ef family .. 🚩
In time at last .. or well sort of .. an effort made to be in no disappointment for the Ef .. and to be able to bring back the discipline that has ever existed and remains a part the primary Ef ..
the run is customary now .. unless there is a need to alternate it with either someone that has 'rolled over' and has been incapable of any physical activity ..
but before all that physical bit .. a bit of the self aggrandisement in the HELLO mag about the 100 influentials of INDIA :
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.. and then we have a brilliant retort from Anand Mahindra to the BBC, questioning our Chandrayaan 3 .. !!
🤣🤣🤣
Really?? The truth is that, in large part, our poverty was a result of decades of colonial rule which systematically plundered the wealth of an entire subcontinent. Yet the most valuable possession we were robbed of was not the Kohinoor Diamond but our pride & belief in our own capabilities. Because the goal of colonisation—its most insidious impact—is to convince its victims of their inferiority. Which is why investing in BOTH toilets AND space exploration is not a contradiction. Sir, what going to the moon does for us is that it helps restore our pride & self-confidence. It creates belief in progress through science. It gives us the aspiration to lift ourselves out of poverty. The greatest poverty is the poverty of aspiration… Quote Megh Updates 🚨™ @MeghUpdates · Aug 23 Listen to what BBC had to say about #Chandrayaan3
Should India which lacks in Infrastructure and has extreme poverty, Should they be spending this much amount of money on a space program
But what is quite brilliant is also a Hindi retort from a colleague :
वो देश, जिसके संग्रहालयों का खज़ाना, केवल दुनिया से लूटे गए मूल्यवान वस्तुओं से भरा है, वो देश, जो मसाले की खोज में भारत आया, उसे लूटा, लोगों को मानव निर्मित अकाल में झोंका और आज भी जिसके खानों से मसाले गायब हैं, वो देश, जिसे अपने ही इजाद किए खेल का विश्व कप जीतने में बरसों लग गए वो देश, जिसका सूरज कभी अस्त नहीं होता था, पर आज भी अपने अंतरिक्ष संस्थान का नाम दुनिया तक नहीं पहुंचा पाया है,
आज हमें ज्ञान दे रहा है?
हम भारतीयों ने दुनिया को अद्भुत संरचनाएं दीं, कला दी और भारतीय दर्शन से संस्कृतियों को प्रभावित किया और आज भी कर रहे हैं हम भारतीयों ने अपने मसालों और अपनी पाक शास्त्र का परचम दुनिया के कोने कोने में लहराया है हमने दूसरों के इजाद किए खेल न केवल सीखे, पर उनमें महारत भी प्राप्त की और धुरंधरों को धूल चटाई है हमने न केवल चांद और तारों पर कविताएं लिखी, न केवल उनको देखकर सपने बुने, परंतु चांद पर भारतीय तिरंगा लहराया और अंतरिक्ष पर निरंतर और सतत जीत की ओर अग्रसर हैं।
जो कभी हम पर राज किया करते थे, उन अंग्रेज़ों की ईर्ष्या को यह चेतावनी है - यह आग तुम्हें बस जलाएगी पर इसी आग से हम अंतरिक्ष के उस छोर पर पहुंचेंगे जहां से भारत का सूरज कभी अस्त नहीं होगा।
🇮🇳
WILL THE HINDI /ENGLISH LITERATE PLEASE TRANSLATE
🇮🇳
but before all that .. a bit of the self aggrandisement in the HELLO mag about the 100 influentials of INDIA :
and the music delivers its most colourful night .. it is the divinity of the hour that brings the creativity to the fore .. and in its brilliance dwells the ultimate ..
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when the 'SA 🎶' - the first note is hit .. its vibration exudes all that is in the positive eons within .. the superiority of its scale is beyond measure .. actually measure is truly the wrong word .. vibrations of the gravity of a 'note' cannot be measured .. Richter scale and all ..
( and mr Googlé does not have Richter in its information .. process )
we be in blessings beyond to be as in to be ..
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Amitabh Bachchan
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spaceexp · 7 months
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After India's Chandrayaan-3 touched down on the moon on Wednesday, India became just the fourth country to have successfully landed a spacecraft on the lunar surface. Chandrayaan-3 is also the first lander to arrive intact on the south pole of the moon. This now marks the second moon-based success for India's space agency the ISRO. After orbiting the Moon for 312 days, Chandrayaan-1 deployed a moon impact probe in November 2008, releasing underground debris that, after analysis by the orbiter, confirmed the presence of water.
Full article >>
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stevebattle · 7 months
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Pragyan rover (2023) by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Chandrayaan-3 is India’s third lunar mission, and the first space mission to land near the south pole of the Moon. The Vikram lander touched down on the lunar surface on 23rd August 2023. Inside the lander is the six-wheeled Pragyan rover, which is planned roam the lunar surface, exploring permanently shadowed craters that may hold frozen water. Pragyan, meaning 'wisdom' in Sanskrit, is painted in the colours of the Tiranga, the national flag of India. It drives at a speed of one centimetre per second, and is planned to cover a total distance of half a kilometre during its 14 earth day, or 1 lunar day, mission. Instruments include a Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) that fires laser pulses at various targets to analyse the resulting plasma, and an Alpha Particle Induced X-ray Spectroscope (APIXS). The photos show the Pragyan rover successfully disembarking from the Vikram lander onto the lunar surface.
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goobey · 7 months
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no fucking way chandrayaan is trending at #1
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scifigeneration · 3 months
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From the Moon’s south pole to an ice-covered ocean world, several exciting space missions are slated for launch in 2024
by Ali M. Bramson, Assistant Professor of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences at Purdue University
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The year 2023 proved to be an important one for space missions, with NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission returning a sample from an asteroid and India’s Chandrayaan-3 mission exploring the lunar south pole, and 2024 is shaping up to be another exciting year for space exploration.
Several new missions under NASA’s Artemis plan and Commercial Lunar Payload Services initiative will target the Moon.
The latter half of the year will feature several exciting launches, with the launch of the Martian Moons eXploration mission in September, Europa Clipper and Hera in October and Artemis II and VIPER to the Moon in November – if everything goes as planned.
I’m a planetary scientist, and here are six of the space missions I’m most excited to follow in 2024.
1. Europa Clipper
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NASA will launch Europa Clipper, which will explore one of Jupiter’s largest moons, Europa. Europa is slightly smaller than Earth’s Moon, with a surface made of ice. Beneath its icy shell, Europa likely harbors a saltwater ocean, which scientists expect contains over twice as much water as all the oceans here on Earth combined.
With Europa Clipper, scientists want to investigate whether Europa’s ocean could be a suitable habitat for extraterrestrial life.
The mission plans to do this by flying past Europa nearly 50 times to study the moon’s icy shell, its surface’s geology and its subsurface ocean. The mission will also look for active geysers spewing out from Europa.
This mission will change the game for scientists hoping to understand ocean worlds like Europa.
The launch window – the period when the mission could launch and achieve its planned route – opens Oct. 10, 2024, and lasts 21 days. The spacecraft will launch on a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket and arrive at the Jupiter system in 2030.
2. Artemis II launch
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The Artemis program, named after Apollo’s twin sister in Greek mythology, is NASA’s plan to go back to the Moon. It will send humans to the Moon for the first time since 1972, including the first woman and the first person of color. Artemis also includes plans for a longer-term, sustained presence in space that will prepare NASA for eventually sending people even farther – to Mars.
Artemis II is the first crewed step in this plan, with four astronauts planned to be on board during the 10-day mission.
The mission builds upon Artemis I, which sent an uncrewed capsule into orbit around the Moon in late 2022.
Artemis II will put the astronauts into orbit around the Moon before returning them home. It is currently planned for launch as early as November 2024. But there is a chance it will get pushed back to 2025, depending on whether all the necessary gear, such as spacesuits and oxygen equipment, is ready.
3. VIPER to search for water on the Moon
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VIPER, which stands for Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover, is a robot the size of a golf cart that NASA will use to explore the Moon’s south pole in late 2024.
Originally scheduled for launch in 2023, NASA pushed the mission back to complete more tests on the lander system, which Astrobotic, a private company, developed as part of the Commercial Lunar Payload Services program.
This robotic mission is designed to search for volatiles, which are molecules that easily vaporize, like water and carbon dioxide, at lunar temperatures. These materials could provide resources for future human exploration on the Moon.
The VIPER robot will rely on batteries, heat pipes and radiators throughout its 100-day mission, as it navigates everything from the extreme heat of lunar daylight – when temperatures can reach 224 degrees Fahrenheit (107 degrees Celsius) – to the Moon’s frigid shadowed regions that can reach a mind-boggling -400 F (-240 C).
VIPER’s launch and delivery to the lunar surface is scheduled for November 2024.
4. Lunar Trailblazer and PRIME-1 missions
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NASA has recently invested in a class of small, low-cost planetary missions called SIMPLEx, which stands for Small, Innovative Missions for PLanetary Exploration. These missions save costs by tagging along on other launches as what is called a rideshare, or secondary payload.
One example is the Lunar Trailblazer. Like VIPER, Lunar Trailblazer will look for water on the Moon.
But while VIPER will land on the Moon’s surface, studying a specific area near the south pole in detail, Lunar Trailblazer will orbit the Moon, measuring the temperature of the surface and mapping out the locations of water molecules across the globe.
Currently, Lunar Trailblazer is on track to be ready by early 2024.
However, because it is a secondary payload, Lunar Trailblazer’s launch timing depends on the primary payload’s launch readiness. The PRIME-1 mission, scheduled for a mid-2024 launch, is Lunar Trailblazer’s ride.
PRIME-1 will drill into the Moon – it’s a test run for the kind of drill that VIPER will use. But its launch date will likely depend on whether earlier launches go on time.
An earlier Commercial Lunar Payload Services mission with the same landing partner was pushed back to February 2024 at the earliest, and further delays could push back PRIME-1 and Lunar Trailblazer.
5. JAXA’s Martian Moon eXploration mission
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While Earth’s Moon has many visitors – big and small, robotic and crewed – planned for 2024, Mars’ moons Phobos and Deimos will soon be getting a visitor as well. The Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency, or JAXA, has a robotic mission in development called the Martian Moon eXploration, or MMX, planned for launch around September 2024.
The mission’s main science objective is to determine the origin of Mars’ moons. Scientists aren’t sure whether Phobos and Deimos are former asteroids that Mars captured into orbit with its gravity or if they formed out of debris that was already in orbit around Mars.
The spacecraft will spend three years around Mars conducting science operations to observe Phobos and Deimos. MMX will also land on Phobos’ surface and collect a sample before returning to Earth.
6. ESA’s Hera mission
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Hera is a mission by the European Space Agency to return to the Didymos-Dimorphos asteroid system that NASA’s DART mission visited in 2022.
But DART didn’t just visit these asteroids, it collided with one of them to test a planetary defense technique called “kinetic impact.” DART hit Dimorphos with such force that it actually changed its orbit.
The kinetic impact technique smashes something into an object in order to alter its path. This could prove useful if humanity ever finds a potentially hazardous object on a collision course with Earth and needs to redirect it.
Hera will launch in October 2024, making its way in late 2026 to Didymos and Dimorphos, where it will study physical properties of the asteroids.
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CNN — Japan’s “Moon Sniper” robotic explorer landed on the lunar surface, but the mission may end prematurely since the spacecraft’s solar cell is not generating electricity, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency said.
The agency said it is currently receiving a signal from the lander, which is communicating as expected.
The uncrewed Smart Lander for Investigating Moon, or SLIM, mission landed just after 10:20 a.m. ET Friday (12:20 a.m. Saturday Japan Standard Time), according to telemetry data shared on JAXA’s live broadcast.
Currently, the lander is operating on limited battery power, only expected to last several hours.
The JAXA team is analyzing the data to determine the cause of the solar cell issue and the next steps for the lander.
It’s possible that the solar cell issue is due to the fact that the spacecraft is not pointing in the intended direction, JAXA officials said.
There is hope that as the solar angle changes on the moon, the solar cell may be able to charge again, but that may take some time and will depend on whether SLIM can survive the frigid lunar night, the team shared during a news conference.
The agency believes the mission has met the criteria to declare it a “minimum success,” because the spacecraft achieved a precise and soft lunar landing using optical navigation.
The touchdown makes Japan the third country this century — and the fifth ever — to land on the moon.
When asked to score the landing operation for SLIM, JAXA director general Dr. Hitoshi Kuninaka gave it a “60 out of 100,” while also mentioning that he is known for making “harsh comments.”
The team is also working to gather all of the scientific data obtained by the lander.
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The lander was able to release its two lunar rovers, LEV-1 and LEV-2.
The LEV-1 rover moves using a hopping mechanism and is equipped with wide-angle visible light cameras, scientific equipment, and antennas that allow it to communicate with Earth.
And LEV-2, also outfitted with cameras, can change shape to move across the lunar surface.
The team is receiving a signal from LEV-1 and will see whether its cameras were able to capture any images.
JAXA officials said they will not definitively confirm the status of LEV-2 until more data is received.
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The small-scale SLIM robotic explorer, which launched in September, goes by the nickname “Moon Sniper” because it carried new precision technology to demonstrate a “pinpoint” landing.
Previous lunar missions have been able to target and reach specific zones that spanned many kilometers, but the SLIM lander targeted a landing site that stretches just 100 meters (328 feet) across.
The lander’s “smart eyes” — an image-matching-based navigation technology — rapidly photographed the sloped lunar surface on approach and autonomously made adjustments as the spacecraft descended toward touchdown.
The JAXA team is still working to determine the accuracy of SLIM’s landing, which could take up to a month.
Moon Sniper’s journey
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The Moon Sniper targeted a landing site near the small Shioli crater within a lunar plain called the Sea of Nectar that was created by ancient volcanic activity and lies just south of the Sea of Tranquility, where Apollo 11 landed in 1969.
The lander is designed to briefly study rocks at the site that could reveal insights into the moon’s origin.
When meteorites and other objects strike the moon, they create craters as well as rocky debris that litters the surface.
These rocks intrigue scientists because studying them is effectively like peering inside the moon itself.
Minerals and other aspects of the rocks’ composition can potentially shed more light on how the moon formed.
Landing near the sloped, rock-strewn areas around craters is a hazardous process that most missions usually avoid, but JAXA believes its lander has the technology to touch down safely on rocky terrain.
New space race
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Multiple space agencies and countries have attempted moon landing missions over the past year, leading to a historic first as well as failures.
India became the fourth country — after the United States, the former Soviet Union and China — to execute a controlled landing on the moon when its Chandrayaan-3 mission arrived near the lunar south pole in August.
Meanwhile, Japanese company Ispace’s Hakuto-R lunar lander fell 3 miles (4.8 kilometers) before crashing into the moon during a landing attempt in April.
Russia’s Luna-25 also crash-landed in August during the country’s first attempt to return to the moon since the Soviet Union’s fall.
Astrobotic Technology’s Peregrine spacecraft — the first US lunar lander to launch in five decades — met a fiery end Thursday after a critical fuel leak made safely landing on the moon out of the question.
Part of the motivation behind the new lunar space race is a desire to access water trapped as ice in permanently shadowed regions at the lunar south pole.
It could be used for drinking water or fuel as humanity pushes the bounds of space exploration in the future.
This region is riddled with craters and strewn with rocks, leading to narrow landing sites.
The lightweight SLIM lander might be an effective design that could not only land in small areas of interest on the moon but also on planets such as Mars, according to JAXA.
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monkey-d-ezekiel · 7 months
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Big News !!
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1. Donald Trump arrested. It's a first for any US President! Hooray on the iconic achievement! He got booked at a Georgia jail on racketeering charges and had a sexy mugshot taken. He got out around 20 minutes after surrendering because he paid the bail amount.
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2. Yevgeny Prighozin "death". Apparently a plane with him and 10 other people crash landed in Russia, and he's now presumed dead. He was a far right dude who rebelled against Putin because he didn't get enough leeway from him to be an asshole. He called off the march after a day. Two months later, he's dead. Go figure.
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3. Chandrayaan-3 Success. They succeeded in soft landing on the South Pole of the moon, making them the first country to land on the South Pole and the fourth country to land a rover mission on the moon. It's the successor of the Chandrayaan-2 and the lander is named Vikram, while the Rover is named Pragyan. They focused on giving it more fuel than the previous mission in 2019 to allow for greater spin, and also used the images from the failed mission to aid the landing of the Chandrayaan-3.
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Sorry for being a pesky news anchor, I just couldn't hold it in because of the barrage of news I've been bombarded with this week. A lot of interesting developments recently.
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zainsvision · 7 months
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The Chandrayaan 3
CHANDRAYAAN-3 
Greetings to everyone who is reading this blog.
 Recently the big achievement, India made history by landing on the moon's south pole surface with a smooth landing. 
India has become the only country to have ever done so. There is a machine called the rover whose name is Pragyan which is a small vehicle meant to roam on the surface of the moon to check the soil condition water pressure etc.
 This mission was only successful because ISRO kept persisting they learned from the past 2 missions that is [ Chandrayaan -1 & Chandrayaan 2 ].
 To smoothly land on the moon's south pole is difficult cause the terrain and temperature are not suitable the temperature at the south pole is too cold.
The spacecraft entered the lunar surface on August 5. The lunar South Pole region holds particular interest for scientific exploration due to studies that show large amounts of ice there. This ice could contain solid-state compounds that would normally melt under warmer conditions elsewhere on the Moon, compounds which could provide insight into lunar, Earth, and Solar System history. 
This ice will help us know more about how the whole solar system was formed. Ice could also be used as a source of drinking water and hydrogen for fuel and oxygen. 
There were 3 main objectives of Chandrayan 3 
Getting a lander to land safely and softly on the surface of the Moon.
Observing and demonstrating the rover's driving capabilities on the Moon.
Conducting and observing experiments on the materials available on the lunar surface to better understand the composition of the Moon. ISRO has said by the end of the year we will get to know if human life is possible on earth and much relevant information as such.
In December 2019, ISRO requested the initial funding of the project, amounting to ₹75 crore. Amit Sharma, CEO of an ISRO vendor, said, "With local sourcing of equipment and design elements, we can reduce the price considerably."
That is it for the day Hope we see more such missions of ISRO successful and we Indians Reach the height.
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